Literatura académica sobre el tema "Analyse AVO"

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Analyse AVO"

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Miles, D. R., G. Gassaway, L. Bennett y R. Brown. "Three-component amplitude versus offset analysis". Exploration Geophysics 20, n.º 2 (1989): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg989257.

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Three-component (3-C) amplitude versus offset (AVO) inversion is the AVO analysis of the three major energies in the seismic data, P-waves, S-waves and converted waves. For each type of energy the reflection coefficients at the boundary are a function of the contrast across the boundary in velocity, density and Poisson's ratio, and of the angle of incidence of the incoming wave. 3-C AVO analysis exploits these relationships to analyse the AVO changes in the P, S, and converted waves. 3-C AVO analysis is generally done on P, S, and converted wave data collected from a single source on 3-C geophones. Since most seismic sources generate both P and S-waves, it follows that most 3-C seismic data may be used in 3-C AVO inversion. Processing of the P-wave, S-wave and converted wave gathers is nearly the same as for single-component P-wave gathers. In split-spread shooting, the P-wave and S-wave energy on the radial component is one polarity on the forward shot and the opposite polarity on the back shot. Therefore to use both sides of the shot, the back shot must be rotated 180 degrees before it can be stacked with the forward shot. The amplitude of the returning energy is a function of all three components, not just the vertical or radial, so all three components must be stacked for P-waves, then for S-waves, and finally for converted waves. After the gathers are processed, reflectors are picked and the amplitudes are corrected for free-surface effects, spherical divergence and the shot and geophone array geometries. Next the P and S-wave interval velocities are calculated from the P and S-wave moveouts. Then the amplitude response of the P and S-wave reflections are analysed to give Poisson's ratio. The two solutions are then compared and adjusted until they match each other and the data. Three-component AVO inversion not only yields information about the lithologies and pore-fluids at a specific location; it also provides the interpreter with good correlations between the P-waves and the S-waves, and between the P and converted waves, thus greatly expanding the value of 3-C seismic data.
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Qin, Xilin, Zhixian Gui, Fei Yang y Yuanyuan Liu. "Anisotropic frequency-dependent characteristics of PP- and PS-waves in partially saturated double-porosity rocks". Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 18, n.º 3 (junio de 2021): 355–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jge/gxab019.

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Abstract Most frequency-dependent AVO inversions are currently based on an approximate equation derived using an isotropic medium. However, actual reservoirs usually show anisotropy, such as shale reservoirs, tight sandstone reservoirs and fractured reservoirs. We propose a joint frequency-dependent AVO (JFAVO) inversion in an anisotropic medium based on a periodic layered double-porosity medium. This JFAVO will allow us to quantitatively study the influence of fluids on the dispersion of PP- and PS-wave velocities and anisotropic parameters. First, we used a double-porosity medium to analyse the frequency-dependent characteristics of velocities and anisotropy parameters. We found that the anisotropic parameters show obvious dispersions, similar to those of velocities. Then, we derived the JFAVO inversion based on Rüger's equation to extract the dispersion of velocities and anisotropic parameters. Finally, we analysed the stability and applicability of the inversion algorithm, and used three sets of models to analyse the sensitivity of dispersion properties to fluids. The numerical analysis results show that PP-wave velocity dispersion and anisotropic parameter δ dispersion are sensitive to fluids, whereas, the velocity dispersion of the PS-wave is not. When saturation exceeds 80%, the velocity dispersion and anisotropic parameter dispersion properties are not sensitive to fluids.
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Qin, Xilin, Zhixian Gui, Fei Yang, Yuanyuan Liu, Wei Jin y Jian Xiong. "Prediction of sweet spots in tight sandstone reservoirs based on anisotropic frequency-dependent AVO inversion". Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 18, n.º 5 (14 de septiembre de 2021): 664–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jge/gxab044.

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Abstract The frequency-dependent amplitude-versus-offset (FAVO) method has become a practical method for fluid detection in sand reservoirs. At present, most FAVO inversions are based on the assumption that reservoirs are isotropy, but the application effect is not satisfactory for fractured reservoirs. Hence, we analyse the frequency variation characteristics of anisotropy parameters in tight sandstone reservoirs based on a new petrophysical model, and propose a stepwise anisotropic FAVO inversion method to extract frequency-dependent attributes from prestack seismic field data. First, we combine the improved Brie's law with the fine-fracture model to analyse frequency-dependent characteristics of velocities and Thomsen anisotropy parameters at different gas saturations and fracture densities. Then, we derive an anisotropic FAVO inversion algorithm based on Rüger's approximation formula and propose a stepwise anisotropic FAVO inversion method to obtain the dispersions of anisotropy parameters. Finally, we propose a method that combines the inversion spectral decomposition with the stepwise anisotropy FAVO inversion and apply it to tight sand reservoirs in the Xinchang area. We use P-wave velocity dispersion and anisotropy parameter ε dispersion to optimise favourable areas. Numerical analysis results show that velocity dispersion of the P-wave is sensitive to fracture density, which can be used for fracture prediction in fractured reservoirs. In contrast, anisotropic parameter dispersion is sensitive to gas saturation and can be used for fluid detection. The seismic data inversion results show that velocity dispersion of the P-wave and anisotropic parameter dispersion are sensitive to fractured reservoirs in the second member of Xujiahe Group, which is consistent with logging interpretation results.
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Wilson, J. "Much Ado About 'Something'". Analysis 71, n.º 1 (11 de agosto de 2010): 172–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/anq087.

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Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orient, Editor. "NGAN Yuk Han. Evolution des constructions "verbe + complément" du chinois bas-archaïque au chino is haut-médiéval (5ème avo J.-c. - 6ème sivcles): Analyse diachronique. Thèse de doctorat, sous la direction de Alain PEYRAUBE. Paris: Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales. 2001. 294 pages." Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 31, n.º 1 (2002): 117–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19606028-90000101.

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Zwart, C. Jan-Wouter. "Easy to (re)analyse". Linguistics in the Netherlands 29 (2 de noviembre de 2012): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/avt.29.12zwa.

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Within minimalism, we may assume derivations to involve subderivations, connected by the interface components dealing with sound and meaning (layered derivations). If so, complex adjectival constructions involving predicates like tough/easy (as in John is easy to please) receive a natural account in terms of reanalysis taking place at these interface components, turning a complex adjectival construction into a simplex adjective which can be merged in predicative or attributive position in the next derivation layer. Arguments against reanalysis address earlier, more complicated conceptions of reanalysis, and fail to distinguish plain and expanded tough-constructions, the latter not showing any reanalysis characteristics. In a layered-derivation cum reanalysis approach, the arguments for empty operator movement in the embedded infinitival clause disappear, and the reanalysed construction shows the properties of an adjectival passive instead.
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Meracheva, Gergana, Efrosima Zaneva-Dobranova y Nikolay Hristov. "Seismic characterization analyses of the Bulgarian Black Sea shelf for assessment of reservoir properties". Geologica Balcanica 51, n.º 3 (24 de noviembre de 2022): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52321/geolbalc.51.3.29.

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In the Bulgarian Black Sea shelf, several gas fields have been discovered in Maastrichtian–Paleocene sediments to date. In this study, amplitude versus offset analysis (AVO) was carried out, and the extended elastic impedance (EEI) was also used, to predict fluid and lithology properties. Thus, in these special cases, AVO (or reflection angle) can significantly de-risk the existing Paleocene prospects and allow to focus on the Miocene–Oligocene successions, where some prospects have also been identified. By examining the variations in angle amplitude (or offset), it is possible to unravel lithology and fluid effects on the top of a reservoir. Seismic modeling is used to determine what type of seismic response, in terms of AVO, to expect at the depth of interest in the study area. There are five classes or types of AVO responses, and in the study area classes 1 and 2 were defined in the Miocene–Oligocene prospects. Brine-filled reservoirs and conglomerates exhibit class 1 AVO response, whereas gas-filled reservoirs show class 2 AVO responses. EEI has the ability to give estimates for elastic parameters, such as Vp/Vs ratio, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Poisson’s ratio and other parameters. In the current study, simultaneous inversion testing was done and, analyzing all the wells together, Poisson’s ratio is the most promising fluid and lithology indicator, showing good separation between water and gas responses, although there is some overlap. Projection of EEI at an angle of 38° through brine points gives a useful separation of brine, 10% gas and 90% gas reservoirs. However, the amplitude of the resulting projection is still low, which may make it difficult to resolve fluid variation once seismic noise has been added.
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Vejseli, Marta. "Beihilferechtliche Rahmenbedingungen für den Breitbandausbau – Eine Analyse der AGVO". Zeitschrift für Beihilfenrecht 8, n.º 1 (2016): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33196/brz201601000301.

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Asaka, Michinori. "AVO inversion using pseudoisotropic elastic properties". Leading Edge 40, n.º 1 (enero de 2021): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle40010052.1.

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Amplitude variation with offset (AVO) inversion of an anisotropic data set is a challenging task. Nonnegligible differences in the anisotropy parameters between the various lithologies make the seismic data AVO response completely different from the isotropic synthetic seismogram. In this case, it is difficult to invert for VP/VS and density consistent with well-log data. AVO inversion using pseudoisotropic elastic properties is a practical solution to this problem. Verification of this method was performed using data from an offshore Western Australia field. It was found that wavelet extraction and density inversion are improved significantly by replacing the isotropic elastic properties with the pseudoisotropic properties. Inverted density shows reasonable quality and therefore can be included in the reservoir characterization study. Postinversion analyses can be performed effectively on the pseudoisotropic elastic properties because crossplot analysis shows the increased separation of different lithofacies due to contrasts in anisotropy parameters. This result could have significant implications for other fields, as shale constitutes most of the overburden in conventional oil and gas fields and often shows strong elastic anisotropy.
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Diefenhardt, Markus, Daniel Martin, Maximilian Fleischmann, Ralf-Dieter Hofheinz, Michael Ghadimi, Claus Rödel y Emmanouil Fokas. "Overall Survival After Treatment Failure Among Patients With Rectal Cancer". JAMA Network Open 6, n.º 10 (30 de octubre de 2023): e2340256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.40256.

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ImportanceOncologic outcomes among patients with rectal cancer after developing local recurrence and/or distant metastases remain poorly studied.ObjectiveTo analyze the trend of overall survival after treatment failure for patients with rectal cancer within three consecutive phase 2 or 3 trials of the German Rectal Cancer Study Group.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study is a post hoc analysis of 3 randomized phase 2 or 3 trials (CAO/ARO/AIO-94, -04, and -12 trials, conducted in Germany) that included 1948 patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. The CAO/ARO/AIO-94 trial recruited patients between February 1995 and September 2002, the CAO/ARO/AIO-04 trial recruited patients between July 2006 and February 2010, and the CAO/ARO/AIO-12 trial recruited patients between June 2015 and January 2018. Statistical analysis was conducted between September 2022 and March 2023.ExposuresA total of 119 of 391 patients in the CAO/ARO/AIO-94 trial group A, 295 of 1236 patients in the CAO/ARO/AIO-04 trial, and 69 of 306 in the CAO/ARO/AIO-12 trial experienced treatment failure (R2 resection or local recurrence or distant metastases) and were included in further analyses.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCharacteristics of treatment failure and overall survival were assessed in all 3 trial cohorts.ResultsOf the 1948 patients treated in the 3 trials, 15 were excluded because of missing data. Of the remaining 1933 patients (median age, 62.5 years [range, 19-84 years]; 1363 men [71%] and 570 women [29%]) with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma (cT3 or 4 or cN+) treated within 3 consecutive clinical trials, 483 experienced treatment failure and were analyzed. After a median follow-up of 36 months (IQR, 24-51 months) for all patients, overall survival after treatment failure was significantly improved in the CAO/ARO/AIO-04 trial (at 3 years, 44% [IQR, 37%-51%]; hazard ratio [HR], 0.61 [95% CI, 0.47-0.79]) and further improved in the CAO/ARO/AIO-12 trial (at 3 years, 73% [IQR, 60%-87%]; HR, 0.32 [95% CI, 0.18-0.54]) compared with the CAO/ARO/AIO-94 trial (at 3 years, 30% [IQR, 22%-39%]) (both P < .001). Distant metastasis was the main reason for treatment failure throughout a 5-year follow-up (range, 67%-87%), and the relative risk for treatment failure was highest in the first 18 months in all 3 trials. ypTNM stage was significantly associated with the risk and time interval to treatment failure. Improvement in overall survival after treatment failure was independent of sex.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study suggests that advancements in salvage strategies during the past decades have likely improved overall survival among patients with rectal cancer who experienced treatment failure.
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Tesis sobre el tema "Analyse AVO"

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Voutay, Olivier. "Mise au point d'attributs sismiques pour l'interprétation AVO et 4D des réservoirs pétroliers par analyse en composantes généralisée". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL009N.

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Nous proposons d'extraire à partir de données sismiques multicubes de nouveaux attributs sismiques par des analyses en composantes généralisées, résumant les données initiales, tout en gardant un lien clair avec ces dernières et permettant de mettre en évidence toute redondance d'information. Ces nouveaux attributs sont ensuite géologiquement interprétés à l'aide de méthodes statistiques. Dans le cadre AVO, l'apport de l'information sismique avant sommation vis à vis de l'information sismique après sommation est mis en évidence, sur un cas synthétique réaliste, puis sur un cas réel. Dans le cadre 4D, sur un cas réel, la part de non reproductibilité du signal sismique en dehors du réservoir est mesurée, puis les variations du signal au cours du temps au sein du réservoir, suite à son exploitation, sont interprétées. La méthodologie développée a également été adaptée afin de définir un attribut de cohérence, mesurant une similarité locale entre plusieurs cubes sismiques 4D ou AVO.
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Tamatoro, Johng-Ay. "Approche stochastique de l'analyse du « residual moveout » pour la quantification de l'incertitude dans l'imagerie sismique". Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3044/document.

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Le principale objectif de l'imagerie sismique pétrolière telle qu'elle est réalisée de nos jours est de fournir une image représentative des quelques premiers kilomètres du sous-sol. Cette image permettra la localisation des structures géologiques formant les réservoirs où sont piégées les ressources en hydrocarbures. Pour pouvoir caractériser ces réservoirs et permettre la production des hydrocarbures, le géophysicien utilise la migration-profondeur qui est un outil d'imagerie sismique qui sert à convertir des données-temps enregistrées lors des campagnes d'acquisition sismique en des images-profondeur qui seront exploitées par l'ingénieur-réservoir avec l'aide de l'interprète sismique et du géologue. Lors de la migration profondeur, les évènements sismiques (réflecteurs,…) sont replacés à leurs positions spatiales correctes. Une migration-profondeur pertinente requiert une évaluation précise modèle de vitesse. La précision du modèle de vitesse utilisé pour une migration est jugée au travers l'alignement horizontal des évènements présents sur les Common Image Gather (CIG). Les évènements non horizontaux (Residual Move Out) présents sur les CIG sont dus au ratio du modèle de vitesse de migration par la vitesse effective du milieu. L'analyse du Residual Move Out (RMO) a pour but d'évaluer ce ratio pour juger de la pertinence du modèle de vitesse et permettre sa mise à jour. Les CIG qui servent de données pour l'analyse du RMO sont solutions de problèmes inverses mal posés, et sont corrompues par du bruit. Une analyse de l'incertitude s'avère nécessaire pour améliorer l'évaluation des résultats obtenus. Le manque d'outils d'analyse de l'incertitude dans l'analyse du RMO en fait sa faiblesse. L'analyse et la quantification de l'incertitude pourrait aider à la prise de décisions qui auront des impacts socio-économiques importantes. Ce travail de thèse a pour but de contribuer à l'analyse et à la quantification de l'incertitude dans l'analyse des paramètres calculés pendant le traitement des données sismiques et particulièrement dans l'analyse du RMO. Pour atteindre ces objectifs plusieurs étapes ont été nécessaires. Elles sont entre autres :- L’appropriation des différents concepts géophysiques nécessaires à la compréhension du problème (organisation des données de sismique réflexion, outils mathématiques et méthodologiques utilisés);- Présentations des méthodes et outils pour l'analyse classique du RMO;- Interprétation statistique de l’analyse classique;- Proposition d’une approche stochastique;Cette approche stochastique consiste en un modèle statistique hiérarchique dont les paramètres sont :- la variance traduisant le niveau de bruit dans les données estimée par une méthode basée sur les ondelettes, - une fonction qui traduit la cohérence des amplitudes le long des évènements estimée par des méthodes de lissages de données,- le ratio qui est considéré comme une variable aléatoire et non comme un paramètre fixe inconnue comme c'est le cas dans l'approche classique de l'analyse du RMO. Il est estimé par des méthodes de simulations de Monte Carlo par Chaîne de Markov.L'approche proposée dans cette thèse permet d'obtenir autant de cartes de valeurs du paramètre qu'on le désire par le biais des quantiles. La méthodologie proposée est validée par l'application à des données synthétiques et à des données réelles. Une étude de sensibilité de l'estimation du paramètre a été réalisée. L'utilisation de l'incertitude de ce paramètre pour quantifier l'incertitude des positions spatiales des réflecteurs est présentée dans ce travail de thèse
The main goal of the seismic imaging for oil exploration and production as it is done nowadays is to provide an image of the first kilometers of the subsurface to allow the localization and an accurate estimation of hydrocarbon resources. The reservoirs where these hydrocarbons are trapped are structures which have a more or less complex geology. To characterize these reservoirs and allow the production of hydrocarbons, the geophysicist uses the depth migration which is a seismic imaging tool which serves to convert time data recorded during seismic surveys into depth images which will be exploited by the reservoir engineer with the help of the seismic interpreter and the geologist. During the depth migration, seismic events (reflectors, diffractions, faults …) are moved to their correct locations in space. Relevant depth migration requires an accurate knowledge of vertical and horizontal seismic velocity variations (velocity model). Usually the so-called Common-Image-Gathers (CIGs) serve as a tool to verify correctness of the velocity model. Often the CIGs are computed in the surface offset (distance between shot point and receiver) domain and their flatness serve as criteria of the velocity model correctness. Residual moveout (RMO) of the events on CIGs due to the ratio of migration velocity model and effective velocity model indicates incorrectness of the velocity model and is used for the velocity model updating. The post-stacked images forming the CIGs which are used as data for the RMO analysis are the results of an inverse problem and are corrupt by noises. An uncertainty analysis is necessary to improve evaluation of the results. Dealing with the uncertainty is a major issue, which supposes to help in decisions that have important social and commercial implications. The goal of this thesis is to contribute to the uncertainty analysis and its quantification in the analysis of various parameters computed during the seismic processing and particularly in RMO analysis. To reach these goals several stages were necessary. We began by appropriating the various geophysical concepts necessary for the understanding of:- the organization of the seismic data ;- the various processing ;- the various mathematical and methodological tools which are used (chapters 2 and 3). In the chapter 4, we present different tools used for the conventional RMO analysis. In the fifth one, we give a statistical interpretation of the conventional RMO analysis and we propose a stochastic approach of this analysis. This approach consists in hierarchical statistical model where the parameters are: - the variance which express the noise level in the data ;- a functional parameter which express coherency of the amplitudes along events ; - the ratio which is assume to be a random variable and not an unknown fixed parameter as it is the case in conventional approach. The adjustment of data to the model done by using smoothing methods of data, combined with the using of the wavelets for the estimation of allow to compute the posterior distribution of given the data by the empirical Bayes methods. An estimation of the parameter is obtained by using Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulations of its posterior distribution. The various quantiles of these simulations provide different estimations of . The proposed methodology is validated in the sixth chapter by its application on synthetic data and real data. A sensitivity analysis of the estimation of the parameter was done. The using of the uncertainty of this parameter to quantify the uncertainty of the spatial positions of reflectors is presented in this thesis
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Bertolotti, Antoine. "Traitements locaux des condylomes ano-génitaux externes (revue systématique, méta-analyses, analyse poolée et méta-analyse en réseau²)". Thesis, Antilles, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANTI0412.

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Contexte: Il existe plusieurs traitements pour les condylomes ano-génitaux externes (CAE) cependant, aucune hiérarchie de traitement claire, n'est mentionnée dans les dernières recommandations. Objectifs: Comparer l'efficacité des traitements topiques et des traitements ablatifs pour la prise en charge des CAE. Méthodes: Tous les essais cliniques comparatifs et randomisés (ECR) de 12 bibliothèques numériques comparant des adultes immunocompétents avec des CAE ayant reçu au moins un traitement administré par le médecin ou auto appliqué par le patient ont été inclus. L’évaluation du risque de biais a suivi les recommandations Cochrane. Le critère d'évaluation de l'étude était la réponse lésionnelle complète (RLC) après évaluation du traitement. Des méta-analyses, des analyses poolées puis une méta-analyse réseau ont été réalisées. Résultats: Soixante-dix ECR (9 931 patients) ont été inclus. Tous les ECR, sauf quatre présentaient un risque élevé de biais. Méta-analyse en réseau: les traitements les plus efficaces comparativement au placebo étaient la chirurgie (RR 10,54 ; IC95% 4,53-24,52), une combinaison de traitement ablatif et d’imiquimod (RR 7,52 ; IC95% 4,53-24,52) et l'électrochirurgie (RR 7,10 ; IC95% 3,47-14,53). Les valeurs de SUCRA confirmaient la supériorité de la chirurgie (90,9%), d’une combinaison d’un traitement ablatif avec de l’imiquimod (79,8%) et de l'électrochirurgie (77,1%). Les TAP les plus efficaces étaient la podophyllotoxine 0,5 % solution (63,5%) et la podophyllotoxine à 0,5 % crème (62,2%). Conclusions: La majorité des ECR inclus sont à faible niveau de preuve. La chirurgie et l'électrochirurgie semblent être supérieures aux autres traitements
Background: While several treatments exist for anogenital warts (AGWs), no clear treatment hierarchy is mentioned in the latest guidelines. Objectives: To compare the efficacy of topical treatments and ablative procedures for the management of AGWs. Methods: Twelve electronic databases were systematically searched. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing immunocompetent adults with AGWs who received at least 1 provider-administered or patient-administered treatment in at least 1 parallel group were included. Risk of bias assessment followed the Cochrane Handbook. Study endpoints were clearance, recurrence, side effects (SE) and complete lesion response (CLR) after treatment assessment. Meta-analyses, pooled analysis then network meta-analysis were performed. Results: Seventy RCTs (9,931 patients) were included. All but 4 RCTs had a high risk of bias. In network meta-analysis (only CLR assessment): a network geometry was constructed based on 49 of the 70 RCTs. The most efficacious treatments compared to placebo were surgery (RR 10.54; CI95% 4.53-24.52), association of ablative therapy and imiquimod (RR 7.52; CI95% 4.53-24.52), and electrosurgery (RR 7.10; CI95% 3.47-14.53). SUCRA values confirmed the superiority of surgery (90.9%), association of ablative therapy and imiquimod (79.8%), and electrosurgery (77.1%). The most efficacious patient-administered treatments were podophyllotoxin 0.5% solution (63.5%) and podophyllotoxin 0.5% cream (62.2%). Conclusions: Most included RCTs have low-level evidence. Surgery and electrosurgery seem to be superior to other treatments. Combined therapy should be more evaluated in future RCT
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Davólio, Alessandra 1980. "Aproximações para os coeficientes de reflexão e analise de AVO". [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/307608.

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Orientador: Lucio Tunes dos Santos
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T18:37:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Davolio_Alessandra_M.pdf: 806001 bytes, checksum: 7d7f68058bc8b1bef1d6939e7aacb0d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: O estudo dos coeficientes de reflexão, de suas aproximações e consequentemente da análise de AVO (do inglês, Amplitude Variation with Offset) desenvolve um papel bastante importante na indústria do petróleo, por auxiliar na descrição litológica da região de interesse. Neste trabalho, inicialmente abordamos as principais idéias envolvidas na dedução das equações dos coeficientes de reflexão PP (ondas P incidente e P refletida) e PS (ondas P incidente e S refletida). Na sequência, são apresentadas diferentes aproximações para estas equações, seguidas de uma análise do comportamento das mesmas quando comparadas entre si e entre suas respectivas expressões exatas. Introduzimos uma nova aproximação para o coeficiente de reflexão PS similar à impedância de reflexão do coeficiente PP proposta recentemente. Finalizamos o trabalho discutindo o conceito de inversão de dados, avaliando a precisão dos indicadores apresentados, e fazendo um breve sumário da tradicional análise de AVO
Abstract: The study of the reflection coefficients, their approximations and the AVO (Amplitude Variation with Offset) analysis plays an important role in the oil industry as they can help to describe the interest region lithology. The first part of this work deals with the main ideas of the deduction of the reflection coefficients PP (P incident and P reflected waves) and PS (P incident and S reflected waves). Then, different approximations for these equations are presented, followed by a discussion of their behavior when compared among them and with their exact expressions. We introduce a new approximation for the reflection coefficient PS similar to the reflection impedance of PP coefficient proposed recently. To conclude, some indicators and their accuracy are discussed and a brief summary about the traditional AVO analysis is presented.
Mestrado
Mestre em Matemática Aplicada
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De, Guillen Karine. "Analyse structurale d’effecteurs de Magnaporthe Oryzae impliqués dans la reconnaissance de l’agent pathogène par le récepteur immunitaire du riz RGA5". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONT3502.

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La pyriculariose provoquée par le champignon Magnaporthe oryzae constitue l’une des principales maladies du riz, avec des épidémies récurrentes et très destructrices qui touchent toutes les régions rizicoles. Outre les enjeux économiques et humanitaires liés à cette maladie, le statut de céréale modèle du riz et de champignon parasite modèle de M. oryzae font de l’interaction entre ces deux partenaires un modèle privilégié pour l’étude du contrôle génétique et moléculaire des relations hôte-pathogène. Les protéines effectrices, Avr, de M. oryzae sont sécrétées au cours de l’infection de la plante par ce champignon. Chez certaines variétés de riz ces effecteurs agissent comme des protéines d’avirulence. Elles sont reconnues par les protéines de résistance, R, et induisent une forte réponse de défense dont une mort cellulaire programmée appelée HR (hypersensitive response) à l’origine de la résistance de la plante. L’objectif de cette thèse est de déterminer les structures des protéines Avr, et R et celles des complexes Avr-R. L'analyse structure-fonction permettra d’identifier les domaines et les acides aminés importants pour l'activité des effecteurs et des protéines de résistance. Pour la réalisation de cette thèse, une large gamme de techniques de biologie moléculaire (PCR, clonage moléculaire), de biophysique (Fluorescence) et de biologie structurale (RMN, cristallographie aux RX) disponibles au laboratoire seront utilisées. Du point de vue fonctionnel, ces études devraient apporter de nouveaux éléments sur les fonctions végétales qui sont modulées au cours de l’infection et permettent ainsi à la maladie de s'établir en créant des conditions favorables à la mise en place du processus infectieux
MAGNAPORTHE oryzae causes a devastating disease of rice known as rice blast, affecting all regions cultivating rice. In addition to the economic and humanitarian issues associated with the disease, rice and M. oryzae are widely accepted as models of cereal and fungus for studying genetic control and host-pathogen molecular interactions. The effector proteins, Avr of M. oryzae, are secreted during plant infection by the fungus. In some of the rice cultivation these effectors act as avirulence proteins. They are recognized by resistance proteins R, and induce a strong host response, including programmed cell death known as HR (hypersensitive response) leading to plant resistance. The purpose of the thesis is to elucidate the atomic structures of the proteins Avr, R and Avr-R complexes. Subsequent structure-function analysis will identify domains and important amino acids needed for the activity of the effector and resistance proteins. To carry out this thesis, a wide range of molecular biology techniques (pcr, molecular cloning), biophysics (fluorescence) and structural biology (NMR, X-ray crystallography) will be used. From the functional point of view, these studies will provide insight into mechanisms affecting host functions that are modulated during infection, thus creating favorable conditions for the infection process
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Müller, Kai. "Analyse und Verbesserung von iterierter lokaler Optimierung für das Kapazitive Vehicle-Routing-Problem mit Zeitfenstern". [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10952951.

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Fandino, Marino Hernan. "Analise da comunicação sonora no anu-branco guira quira (aves: cuculidae), avaliações eco-etologicas e evolutivas". [s.n.], 1986. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316344.

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Orientador : Jacques Marie Edme Vielliard
Acompanha anexo I, II e III
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Um levantamento do repertório vocal do anu-branco Guira quira em conotação com contextos comportamentais realizado com o intuito de obter uma maior ¿aproximação entendimento de sua estrutura social. Registrou-se o comportamento de vários grupos de anus que residem livremente no Campus da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, no Paraná. Observações também foram feitas de vários anus criados em cativeiro dentro da cidade e numa chácara da região rural suburbana. O viveiro permitiu a complementação e principalmente o detalhamento não só dos registros do comportamento, mas particularmente das gravações do repertório vocal, criando também a especial circunstância de anus livres mas "visitantes" regulares. As gravações foram feitas com um gravador magnetofônico UHER 4000 e microfone acoplado a um refletor parabólico. A análise foi baseada no estudo de sonogramas obtidos a partir das gravações e nas correlações com os contextos comportamentais observados. Os resultados apresentam um repertório de aproximadamente quinze CHAMADOS básicos associados em cinco categorias funcionais e estruturais. A análise e a classificação permaneceram a um nível preliminar devido a várias limitações: o ciclo reprodutivo não foi inteiramente acompanhado e o reconhecimento individual e de sexos permaneceram impossibilitados para o observador, restringindo assim as interpretações dos comportamentos sociais. Discutem-se as fontes ecológicas de seleção das vocalizações, particularmente as características de melhor eficiência de propagação em aves de espaços abertos que, como no anu-branco, implicam numa grande utilização dos parâmetros temporais do som para a codificação das mensagens
Abstract: The vocal repertoire of the Guira Cuckoo Guira guira is described together with its behavioral contexts. The natural groups of Guiras that live at the Campus of the Universidade Estadual de Londrina in Paraná, Brazil, were studied. Important observations and recordings were also obtained from birds raised in captivity in the middle of the town and in the suburban rural area. The latter had special significance because of their effect as lures for the Guira visitors of the neighbourhoods. Recordings were made with a UHER-4000 tape recorder and a microfone on a parabolic reflector. The analyses were made on the basis of the sonagrams obtained and the related behavioral contexts observed. Nevertheless some limitations greatly restricted the interpretations of social behavior, as the observer couldnot follow the whole repro ductive cycle and was unable to recognize the sexes, and in general, the single individuaIs. Ecological sources of selection of vocalizations are discussed. Particularly, it is observed that Guira Cukoos use mainly temporal parameters to code their messages and call from high perches as expected from birds of open habitats. From the biotic point of 'view, the importance of the distance and the possibility for the receiver to localize the sound source have been discussed.
Mestrado
Ecologia
Mestre em Ciências Biológicas
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Marques, José Oscar de Almeida 1949. "Ações e causas : um ensaio de analise do conceito de ação intencional". [s.n.], 1988. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281714.

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Orientador : Balthazar Barbosa Filho
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Não informado
Abstract: Not informed.
Mestrado
Mestre em Filosofia
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Avelino, Marcio Ferreira. "Analise bioacustica e tratamento multimidia do canto do tico-tico Zonotrichia capensis (aves,emberizidae) das populações das regiões entre Campinas e Botucatu". [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/284825.

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Orientador: Jacques Marie Edme Vielliard
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: Nesta pesquisa se analisou os dialetos do Tico-tico Zonotrichia capensis que OCOlTem entres Campinas e Botucatu, estado de São Paulo, Sudeste do Brasil Treze localidades foram visitadas e os cantos de 88 indivíduos gravados com um gravador DAT (Digital Audio Tape) e um microfone cardióide montado em uma parábola acústica. Comparações de sonogramas mostraram a existência de duas áreas onde os cantos foram mais homogêneos, formando dois dialetos. Em 11 localidades, muitos indivíduos compartilham o mesmo tipo de canto. Em seis localidades, houve até cinco tipos de cantos e isto OCOlTeu nas fronteiras dos dialetos. Na região de fronteira também foram encontrados indivíduos que podem cantar mais que um tipo de canto. A similaridade entre os tipos de canto não está relacionada com a distância geográfica entre os cantores. Comparações foram feitas também com gravações de outras localidades do Brasil e similaridades foram encontradas com cantos de aves de localidades distantes, como Conchas e Macururé - Bahia (1810 km)
Abstract: This research analyzed the regiolects of the White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis that occur between Campinas and Botucatu, São Paulo state, South Eastem Brazil. Thirteen localities were visited and the songs of 88 individuais recorded with a DAT (Digital Audio Tape) tape-recorder and a cardioid microphone mounted in an acoustic parabola. Comparison of the sonograms showed the existence of two areas where the songs were more homogeneous, forming two regiolects. In 11 localities most individuais shared the same song type. In six localities, there were sang up to 5 different song types; this occurs at the boundary ofthe regiolects. This is also where individuais that can sing more than one song type were found. The similarity between song types is not related with the geographic distance between the singers. Comparisons have been done also with recordings from other Brazilian localities, and similarities have been found with the song of very distant birds, for instance between Conchas and Macururé - Bahia (1810 km)
Mestrado
Multimeios
Mestre em Multimeios
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Eliasson, Lars. "Analyses of single-grip harvester productivity /". Umeå : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1998. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1998/91-576-5614-2.gif.

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Libros sobre el tema "Analyse AVO"

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Dallas, Giannēs. Spoudes ston Kavaphē: Apo tēn analysē stēn Anasynthesē epenergeia kai aphomoiōsē. Athēna: Hermēs, 1987.

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Affairs, Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy and Environmental. XMBLY, 5 Middlesex Ave Somerville, Massachusetts. Boston, MA: VHB, 2018.

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author, Hastetter Michaela Christine, ed. Die Johannespassion von Arvo Pärt. Stuttgart: KBW, Bibelwerk, 2015.

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Sōtērēs, D̲alēs, ed. Apo to Maastricht sto Amsterntam: Apotimēsē tēs diakyvernētikēs diaskepsēs kai analysē tēs neas synthēkēs tēs E.E. Athēna: I. Siderēs, 1997.

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Voskaridēs, Petros A. Ho Attilas mas: Mia analysē tou Kypriakou provlēmatos mesa apo tis teleutaies exelixeis sto esōteriko metōpo. 2a ed. Leukōsia: Chr. Andreou, 1985.

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Zēlphidou, Despoina. Ho symphōnikos Theodōrakēs: Apo tēn Kassianē hōs tē Lysistratē. Athēna: Ekdoseis Patakē, 2008.

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Doyle, James David. Verification of mesoscale objective analyses of VAS and Rawinsonde data using the March 1982 AVE/VAS special network data. University Park, PA: Dept. of Meteorology, Pennsylvania State University, 1987.

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Tzermias, Paulos. Hē eikona tēs Helladas ston xeno kosmo: Apo tēn exidanikeusē stēn perithōriopoiēsē : mia kritikē analysē tēs krisēs tou oumanismou. Athēna: I. Siderēs, 1997.

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Cyprus. Hypourgeio Geōrgias Physikōn Porōn kai Perivallontos. Ho peri tēs ektimēsēs tōn epiptōseōn sto perivallon apo horismena erga nomos: Vasikes pronoies. Leukōsia: Grapheio Typou kai Plērophoriōn, 2001.

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P, Oikonomidēs Kōnstantinos. Hoi nēsides Imia sto Aigaio Pelagos: Mia diaphora pou dēmiourgēthēke me tē via : analysē apo tē skopia tou diethnous dikaiou. Athēna: Ekdoseis Ant. N. Sakkoula, 1999.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Analyse AVO"

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Gullco, Robert S. y Malcolm Anderson. "Applications of rock physics to AVO analyses". En Elements of Rock Physics and Their Application to Inversion and AVO Studies, 95–117. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003261773-8.

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Silva, Osvaldo, Áurea Sousa y Helena Bacelar-Nicolau. "Clustering Validation in the Context of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis: An Empirical Study". En Studies in Classification, Data Analysis, and Knowledge Organization, 343–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09034-9_37.

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AbstractThe evaluation of clustering structures is a crucial step in cluster analysis. This study presents the main results of the hierarchical cluster analysis of variables concerning a real dataset in the context of Higher Education. The goal of this research is to find a typology of some relevant items taking into account both the homogeneity and the isolation of the clusters. Two similarity measures, namely the standard affinity coefficient and Spearman’s correlation coefficient, were used, and combined with three probabilistic (AVL, AVB and AV1) aggregation criteria, from a parametric family in the scope of the VL (Validity Link) methodology. The best partitions were selected based on some validation indices, namely the global STAT levels statistics and the measures P(I2, Σ) and γ, adapted to the case of similarity coefficients. In order to evaluate the clusters and identify their most representative elements, the Mann and Whitney U statistics and the silhouette plot were also used.
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Nanda, Niranjan C. "Shear Wave Seismic, AVO and Vp/Vs Analysis". En Seismic Data Interpretation and Evaluation for Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production, 149–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26491-2_9.

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Nanda, Niranjan C. "Shear Wave Seismic, AVO and Vp/Vs Analysis". En Seismic Data Interpretation and Evaluation for Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production, 177–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75301-6_9.

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Hartmann, Jürgen. "Much Ado about Nothing? Zur Verpackungsehrlichkeit des europäischen Verfassungsprojekts". En Analyse demokratischer Regierungssysteme, 463–77. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91955-3_28.

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Spencer, Trina D. "Analysis of Verbal Behavior (AVB)". En Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1–4. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6435-8_1882-3.

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Spencer, Trina D. "Analysis of Verbal Behavior (AVB)". En Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 152–56. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_1882.

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Spencer, Trina D. "Analysis of Verbal Behavior (AVB)". En Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 197–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_1882.

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Farfour, Mohammed. "MAVO: A Free Matlab-Based AVO Analysis and Interpretation Application". En Recent Research on Geotechnical Engineering, Remote Sensing, Geophysics and Earthquake Seismology, 367–70. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43218-7_86.

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Catania, Lorenzo, Dario Allegra, Oliver Giudice, Filippo Stanco y Sebastiano Battiato. "Introducing AV1 Codec-Level Video Steganography". En Image Analysis and Processing – ICIAP 2022, 284–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06427-2_24.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Analyse AVO"

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Ellen Gomes, N. S., J. S. Protazio, J. C. Costa y I. A. Simoes-Filho. "Ambiguity in AVO/AVD Analysis for Anisotropic Media". En 62nd EAGE Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.28.c10.

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Simőes-Filho, I. A. "Ambiguity In Avo/Ava Analysis For Anisotropic Media". En 6th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.215.sbgf214.

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Tygel, Martin, Lucio T. Santos, Jörg Schleicher y Peter Hubral. "Kirchhoff Imaging As A Tool For Avo/Ava Analysis". En 6th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.215.sbgf234.

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Pan, Wenyong y Kristopher A. Innanen. "AVO/AVF analysis of thin beds in elastic media". En SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2013. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2013-0587.1.

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Tygel, M., L. T. Santos, J. Schleicher y P. Hubral. "Kirchhoff imaging as a tool for AVO/AVA analysis". En SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1821159.

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Yang*, Jingkang, Jianhua Geng y Luanxiao Zhao. "Frequency Decomposition Convolutional Model for AVO/AVF Analysis in Viscoelastic Media". En SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2015-5888897.1.

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Ursin, Bjorn y Bjørn O. Ekren. "Robust AVO analysis". En SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1992. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1822232.

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Kelly, Michael C., Charles M. Skidmore y Raymond D. Cotton. "Quantitative AVO analysis". En SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2005. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2144319.

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Causse, E., M. Riede, A. J. van Wijgaarden, A. Buland, J. F. Dutzer y R. Fillon. "AVO Analysis with an Optimal Linear AVO Approximation". En 67th EAGE Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.1.f012.

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Miles, Deborah R. y Gary S. Gassaway. "Three‐component AVO analysis". En SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1989. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1889745.

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Informes sobre el tema "Analyse AVO"

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Njå, Ove y Kirsti Russell Vastveit. Norske kommuners planlegging, gjennomføring og bruk av risiko- og sårbarhetsanalyse i forbindelse med samfunnssikkerhetsarbeidet. University of Stavanger, octubre de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.164.

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I prosjektet; «Helhetlig ROS-analyse i norske kommuner» analyserer vi hvordan kommuner utvikler, bruker og oppdaterer ROS-analyser og risikoforestillinger i sitt samfunnssikkerhetsarbeid. Det legges vekt på hvordan kommuner integrerer ROS-arbeidet og risikoforestillinger i eksisterende plan- og arbeidsprosesser. Hvilke utfordringer opplever kommunene i dette arbeidet? Etter å ha jobbet med risiko og sikkerhet i mer enn 20 år, og en vesentlig del av disse opp mot kommuner, er det etter vårt syn et gjennomgående trekk at kommunalt ansatte som jobber med sikkerhet og beredskap har stor skepsis til akademikere på dette feltet. Den teoretiske «verden» er ikke i stand til å kommunisere med den praktiske og vice versa. Denne utfordringen mener vi står sterkt også i dag, og dermed ble det i prosjektet viktig å finne ut hvordan begrepene ble brukt i kommunene. Hvor kritiske er begrepene for omfanget av bruken av analysene? Står vi ved et markant skille nå med innføring av ny veileder for helhetlig ROS-analyse i kommuner? Eller, er arbeidet omkring samfunnssikkerhet og beredskap fastnet i en praksis uten påvirkning fra ROS-analyse? Datamateriale fra 26 kommuner er inkludert i studien. Kommunene dekker alle landsdelene og de har varierte demografiske og geografiske profiler. Blant deltagerne er kommuner med storulykkesindustri, større bykommuner, mindre øykommuner og grensekommuner. Opptil fem personer med ulikt ansvar for samfunnssikkerhets- og beredskapsarbeidet er intervjuet i hver kommune. En viktig del av prosjektet er forholdet mellom ROS-analyser på ulike forvaltningsnivåer, hvordan ROS-analysene kommuniserer risikoforestillinger og hvordan kommunene kan bygge på og hente innspill fra hverandre i ROS-analysearbeidet. Siden 2010 har Lov om kommunal beredskapsplikt, sivile beskyttelsestiltak og Sivilforsvaret (sivilbeskyttelsesloven) og underliggende Forskrift om kommunal beredskapsplikt stilt krav til kommunenes ROS-analyse og samfunnssikkerhetsarbeid i stort. Likevel er det ikke opplagt hva det innebærer. Forskriften snakker om begreper og konsepter som; - Jobbe systematisk og helhetlig med samfunnssikkerhet; - Forankring i kommunestyret; - Eksisterende og fremtidige risiko- og sårbarhetsfaktorer; - Særlige utfordringer; - Langsiktige mål, strategier, prioriteringer og plan for oppfølging av samfunnssikkerhets- og beredskapsarbeidet; - Vurdere forhold som bør integreres i planer og prosesser; og - Overordnet beredskapsplan. Det stiller store krav til kommunens ansattes kunnskap og kompetanse til å fortolke hva alle disse konseptene skal bety for kommunen og hvordan ansatte skal jobbe med kravene. Her ligger kjernen av vår studie. Studien vår viser at det legges betydelig med ressurser og arbeid ned i kommuners helhetlige ROS-analyser, samfunnssikkerhets og beredskapsarbeid. Risikoinformert styring og risikotenkning er en krevende filosofi, hvor det forutsettes at de ansatte med ansvar for kommunens systemer og samfunnssikkerhets- og beredskapsarbeidet har høy kompetanse på området. I kommunene som deltok i studien synes det å være enklere for kommunene å konkretisere hvordan de arbeidet med beredskap enn med samfunnssikkerhet. Kommunene hadde i varierende grad oversikt over hvordan beredskapsarbeidet var satt i system på tvers av etater. Materialet ble analysert ut fra fire forhold: - Begrepsforståelser og bruk av begreper for å uttrykke samfunnssikkerhet - Planlegging og gjennomføring av ROS-analyseprosesser - Presentasjon av resultater fra ROS-analysearbeidet - Implementering av analyseresultatene i kommunens aktiviteter Datamaterialet viser at kommunene og de fleste respondentene våre er i liten grad bekymret over begrepene de bruker. I hovedsak er det risiko, ROS-analyse (eller andre koplinger av ROS), hendelser, akseptkriterier, beredskap, kriseplaner og tiltak som er konseptene i bruk. Usikkerhet var et begrep som fulgte med, men det var i liten grad reflektert over utover at det var en egenskap med hele ROS-analyseprosessene. Samfunnssikkerhet, ytelse av beredskapstiltak, sårbarhet, resiliens, barrierer, system er begreper som får lite eller ingen omtale i kommunenes befatning med samfunnssikkerhet og beredskap. Kommunene er veldige instrumentelle i arbeidet med å utvikle produktene (helhetlig) ROS-analyse og beredskap- og kriseplaner. Beslutningsprosessene som den helhetlige ROS-analysen er en del av, trekkes ikke frem som førende for hvordan ROS-analyser og samfunnssikkerhetsarbeidet gjøres. Fylkesmannen sin rolle som pådriver, rådgiver og tilsynsmyndighet var for de aller fleste kommunene beskrevet med positive fortegn. Alle analysene vi har hatt tilgang til er utført som grovanalyser (hazid-gjennomganger, scenariobeskrivelser, gruppediskusjoner), men med relativt små variasjoner innenfor hvordan risiko måles og uttrykkes. Enkelte kommuner inspireres av innholdet i FylkesROS-analyse eller Nasjonalt Risikobilde, mens andre har et større fokus på lokale forhold og hendelser. I forbindelse med bruk av tiltak fra helhetlig ROS-analyse var det en klar trend at kommunene synes det var vanskelig å sikre implementering av tiltak. Dette skyldes blant annet at det var utfordrende å sikre at den ansvarlige etat tok ansvar for tiltak, at beredskapskoordinatorer ikke anså tiltak som skulle implementeres i enkeltetater som sitt ansvar og at kommunene i mange tilfeller ikke hadde midler til gjennomføring av tiltak. Problemet kan trolig også spores til at helhetlig ROS-analyse ikke var et dokument som var i aktiv bruk i hverdagen til kommunenes ansatte, og som det i de fleste tilfeller ikke ble laget aksjonsplaner for å følge opp. På tiltakssiden var det også tydelig at flere kommuner gjorde det vanskelig for seg selv, ettersom de beskrev svært generelle tiltak i rapportene sine, tiltak som egentlig var på plass i den ansvarlige etat og som var dekket av andre internkontrollrutiner, eller som andre offentlige etater var ansvarlige for. Kommunene i prosjektet hadde i varierende grad koblet beredskapsplanene sine opp mot de helhetlige ROS-analysene. En annen utfordring i forbindelse med «bruk» til beredskapsplanlegging var at kommunene ikke var sikre på hvordan dette skulle tolkes. Skulle man lage øvelser basert på hendelsene som var brukt i helhetlig ROS-analyse, skulle det lages tiltakskort som passet til scenarioene i helhetlig ROS-analyse? Enkelte kommuner hadde inkludert hendelser fra helhetlig ROS-analyse i beredskapsplanverket sitt, mens andre hadde fokusert mer på felles kapasiteter i helhetlig ROS-analyse. Å se sammenhengen mellom helhetlig ROS-analyse og beredskapsplanlegging var et vanskelig tema for kommunene. Beredskapsanalyse og vurdering av «godheten» av beredskapstiltak er også en stor utfordring. Den største utfordringen og det viktigste funnet som har kommet fram gjennom studiet er at prinsippene i risikobasert styring er nærmest fraværende i kommunene. Funksjonelle krav til sikkerhet mangler, en levende diskusjon om samfunnssikkerhet og beredskap mangler, og analysene brukes i svært liten grad. ROS-analyse og intensjoner om risikobasert styring har vært i norske kommuner i mer enn 20 år, og basert på dette mener vi at det er kompetanse og reguleringsregimet det må gjøres noe med, heller enn å innføre nye veiledere og tilsynsaktiviteter. Ansvaret for kommunens samfunnssikkerhets- og beredskapsarbeid må knyttes opp mot spesifikk kompetanse. Det krever at kommunene endrer praksis på i den administrative ledelsen og virksomhetene som eier systemene, tjenestene og aktivitetene, så vel som i kommunikasjonen mellom administrativ og politisk ledelse når det gjelder samfunnssikkerhet og beredskap. Vi mener at politikeren fra bykommune 1 langs kysten i Nord-Norge illustrerer behovet på en betegnende måte: «Veldig få i beredskapsrådet har lest dokumentene. I vårt fylke tror jeg vi er noen av de som har kommet lengst, og det sier etter mitt skjønn sitt». «Vi må involvere oss på et mye tidligere stadium. Skaffe oss oversikt over hva som er beredskapsplanene, og hvor flaskehalsene er. Det tror jeg at jeg deler med veldig mange. Vi strykes med hårene i alt for stor grad. Vi får for mye ros.»
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Sandman, Lars. Etisk analys av omdiagnostisering. Linköping University Electronic Press, abril de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/report.diva-193218.

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Behovet av omdiagnostisering av patienter med olika tillstånd väcker etiska frågeställningar. I denna korta etiska analys som genomförts på uppdrag av Nationellt programområde för psykisk hälsa lyfts ett antal etiska frågeställningar kopplade till omdiagnostisering. Analysen går inte i på detaljer kring vem som ska genomföra en sådan, inte heller var i hälso- och sjukvårdssystemet det bäst sker – eftersom detta beror på vilket specifikt diagnosområde det handlar om. Analysen landar i följande övergripande slutsatser: Generellt är diagnossättande förknippat med etiska principer om att göra gott(genom att ge underlag för att patienten får rätt insatser) och icke-skada(genom att förhindra uppkomst av risker och vårdskada). Vårdgivaren har ett etiskt ansvar för att patienten får rätt diagnos (ellerdiagnoser). I detta ansvar ingår att också överväga vilka konsekvenserdiagnostisering och omdiagnostisering får ur ett vidare perspektiv –exempelvis om det kan innebära risker för andra individer. Patientens önskemål om omdiagnostisering kan vara en utgångspunkt, meninte avgöra frågan om huruvida en omdiagnostisering bör ske – eller resultatetav en sådan omdiagnostisering. Det finns skäl att skilja mellan situationer där skälet för omdiagnostisering äratt patienten i nuläget har en diagnos som negativt påverkar tillgången tillbehovsbaserade insatser eller riskerar att leda till vårdskada – och de fall därskälet för omdiagnostisering snarare drivs av att diagnosen inte längre äraktuell och snarare har påverkan på patientens upplevelse eller innebär hinderi patientens övriga liv. I det första fallet finns det generellt skäl att prioritera omdiagnostisering högreän i det andra fallet – beroende på hur stora det potentiella konsekvensernaför patienten är. I det andra fallet beror det på hur livet i stort påverkas men vidmindre allvarlig påverkan finns det generellt skäl att prioritera diagnostiseringhögre än omdiagnostisering.
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Kuhn, Kevin John, Galey Jean Bland, James Brent Fulwyler, Katherine Garduno, Russell C. Keller, Dylan James Klundt, Elmer J. W. Lujan et al. AmO2 Analysis for Analytical Method Testing and Assessment: Analysis Support for AmO2 Production. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septiembre de 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1392818.

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Koehler, Birgit, Noora Mustamäki y Andreas Bryhn. Ekonomisk analys av nyttjandet av Sveriges hav åren 2014–2020. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.1bkq1osiop.

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Havet är inte bara viktigt för de organismer som lever i eller av det, utan står även för betydande ekonomiska värden. I denna rapport beskrivs Statistikmyndigheten SCB:s ekonomiska statistik från 2014–2020 för svenska näringar som är beroende av havet. Här beskrivs även värdet av nyttor kopplade till rekreation vid kusten, samt fiske. Dessutom beskrivs det totala ekonomiska värdet under förutsättning att God Miljöstatus skulle nås år 2040 i svenska vatten. Nettoomsättningen inom den maritima sektorn har ökade under sjuårsperioden 2014–2020. Det årliga genomsnittet av nettoomsättningen av de marina näringarna var 106 miljarder kronor, förädlingsvärdet 31 miljarder kronor och exporten 12 miljarder kronor. Nettoomsättningen av de maritima näringarna motsvarade cirka 2,1 procent, förädlingsvärdet cirka 0,6 procent, och exporten cirka 0,3 procent av Sveriges bruttonationalprodukt 2019 och 2020. I genomsnitt utgjorde transportsegmentet den största andelen av de maritima näringarna både avseende den totala nettoomsättningen och förädlingsvärdet, medan exporten dominerades av segmentet ”teknik och produktion”. Antal gästnätter i besöksanläggningar i kustområdet i hela riket ökade under sjuårsperioden 2014–2020. Störst antal gästnätter rapporterades från Egentliga Östersjön. Det kommersiella fisket ökade i landningsvärde 2014–2020, men antalet anställda i branschen minskade. Under samma period har det inte skett mer fritidsfiske, men kostnaderna har ökat. Betalningsviljan för att uppnå God Miljöstatus i svenska vatten har i tidigare studier skattats till 8,2 miljarder kronor. Medianvärdet för betalningsvilja var 500 kr per person och år, och medelvärdet var 1 075 kr per person och år.
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Hartmann, Ernst, ed. Building Industry 4.0 Capacity: Need Analysis of Six APO Economies. Asian Productivity Organization, julio de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.61145/xndb3920.

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Deeds, Jake y John Bradford. CHARACTERIZATION OF AN AQUITARD AND DIRECT DETECTION OF LNAPL AT HILL AIR FORCE BASE USING GPR AVO AND MIGRATION VELOCITY ANALYSES. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), junio de 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833500.

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Nevøy, Anne y Stein Erik Solbø Ohna. Spesialundervisning – bilder fra skole-Norge: En studie av spesialundervisnings dynamikk i grunnopplæringen. University of Stavanger, junio de 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.226.

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Formålet med denne studien er å utforske dette sammensatte og motstridende nåtidsbildet. Vi er på jakt etter spesialundervisningens dynamikk i grunnskolen og i videregående opplæring. Det overordna forskningsspørsmålet er: Hvordan kan spesialundervisningens dynamikk i grunnopplæringen forklares og forstås? To delspørsmål leder inn i studien: • Hvordan beskriver faggruppene i skolen økningen i spesialundervisning, og hvilke forhold mener de bidrar til økningen? • Hvilke mønstre framkommer i beskrivelsene av skolens spesialundervisning, hvilke krefter er i spill og hvilken innvirkning har disse på omfanget av spesialundervisning? Studiens empiriske materiale er framkommet gjennom intervju med fire faggrupper i skolen; lærere, rektorer, PPT og skoleeier. Disse intervjuene er gjennomført høsten 2011 i seks kommuner og to fylkeskommuner. Erfaringer og synspunkt fra faggruppene i disse kommunene og fylkeskommunene representerer et variert bilde av skole-Norge, fra nord til vest og øst, og faggruppenes meninger gir et bredt grunnlag for å utvikle kunnskap om spesialundervisningen i grunnopplæringen. Studien er konsentrert om faggruppene i skolene sine perspektiv på spesialundervisning. Spørsmål om hva elever og foreldre mener om spesialundervisning, inngår ikke i denne sammenhengen. For-målet her er å få del i meninger og refleksjoner til skolens faggrupper og det er derfor valgt en kvali-tativ tilnærming basert på fokusgruppeintervju og kvalitative analyser. Siktemålet er å forstå en kompleks del av skolens virksomhet. Studien tar derfor ikke opp kvantitative størrelser ved skolens spesialundervisning, som effekt av spesialundervisningen for enkeltelever eller omfang av spesialun-dervisning for ulike «vanskegrupper». Presentasjonen av studien er strukturert i seks delkapitler. Innledningsvis, i kapittel 1 presenteres studiens formål og forskningsspørsmålene. I kapittel 2, Inkluderende opplæring og spesialundervis-ning utdypes studiens teoretiske innramming. I kapittel 3 presenteres Forskningsprosessen. Studiens empiriske del består av to analyser. Disse presenteres i kapittel 4 og 5. I kapittel 4, Skolens spesialun-dervisning – et innenfra perspektiv fra fagfolk i åtte kommuner/fylkeskommuner presenteres en em-pirinær analyse av datamaterialet. I kapittel 5, Spesialundervisning – skolens svar på samtidens ut-fordringer vendes blikket fra et innenfra til en utenfra perspektiv. Analysen henter fram generelle forhold ved skolens spesialundervisning og hvordan disse former et samvirkende mønster. I kapittel 6, Spesialundervisning i den inkluderende fellesskolen, sammenfattes studiens svar på spørsmålet om hvordan spesialundervisningens dynamikk i grunnopplæringen kan forklares og forstås.
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Ghanipoor Machiani, Sahar, Aryan Sohrabi y Arash Jahangiri. Impact of Regular and Narrow AV-Exclusive Lanes on Manual Driver Behavior. Mineta Transportation Institute, octubre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1922.

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This study attempts to answer the question of how a narrow (9-ft) lane dedicated to Automated Vehicles (AVs) would affect the behavior of drivers in the adjacent lane to the right. To this end, a custom driving simulator environment was designed mimicking the Interstate 15 smart corridor in San Diego. A group of participants was assigned to drive next to the simulated 9-ft narrow lane while a control group was assigned to drive next to a regular 12-ft AV lane. Driver behavior was analyzed by measuring the mean lane position, mean speed, and mental effort (self-reported/subjective measure). In addition to AV lane width, the experimental design took into consideration AV headway, gender, and right lane traffic to investigate possible interaction effects. The results showed no significant differences in the speed and mental effort of drivers while indicating significant differences in lane positioning. Although the overall effect of AV lane width was not significant, there were some significant interaction effects between lane width and other factors (i.e., driver gender and presence of traffic on the next regular lane to the right). Across all the significant interactions, there was no case in which those factors stayed constant while AV lane width changed between the groups, indicating that the significant difference stemmed from the other factors rather than the lane width. However, the trend observed was that drivers driving next to the 12-ft lane had better lane centering compared to the 9ft lane. The analysis also showed that while in general female drivers tended to drive further away from the 9-ft lane and performed worse in terms of lane centering, they performed better than male drivers when right-lane traffic was present. This study contributes to understanding the behavioral impacts of infrastructure adaptation to AVs on non-AV drivers.
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Andersson Granberg, Tobias, Magnus Johansson y Martin Waldemarsson. Plattform för analys av förmågan att hantera händelser med avseende på ett förändrat klimat (PAKT). Linköping University Electronic Press, mayo de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/9789180752473.

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För att kunna hantera framtida klimatrelaterade händelser behöver samhällets beredskap anpassas och sannolikt utökas. Kunskapsläget över vilken förmåga som behövs för att hantera risker i ett förändrat klimat behöver sammanställas och framtida behov behöver jämföras mot nuvarande beredskapsnivåer för att identifiera lämpliga åtgärder. En analys behöver göras kring eventuella brister, utifrån vilken åtgärder sedan kan prioriteras och vidtas avseende olika delar i förmågan att hantera händelser, bland annat avseende tillhandahållande av statliga förstärkningsresurser. Denna studie analyserar vilken systematik som kan vara aktuell för att möjliggöra sådana analyser och utredningar. Studiens övergripande syfte är att ge förslag kring hur bedömningar kan göras om framtidens behov av statliga förstärkningsresurser i syfte att möta framtidens klimatrelaterade risker. Detta inkluderar en sammanställning av kunskapsläget kring risker och scenarion avseende framtida naturhändelser utifrån ett klimatförändringsperspektiv, med information om var mer kunskap kan hittas. Det inkluderar också att titta på metoder för att dels analysera behov av förmåga på olika nivåer att hantera de klimatrelaterade riskerna och dels hur dimensionering av förmåga kan göras för att möta behovet. Studien består av två delar. I del 1 ges en sammanställning av kunskapsläget om riskbilder och scenarion i Sverige vad gäller framtida naturhändelser utifrån ett klimatförändringsperspektiv och tidsperioden fram till ca år 2100. I del 2 presenteras initialt ett konceptuellt ramverk för kartläggning av beredskap uppdelat i fyra huvuddomäner: Behov, Resurs, Styrning och Beroenden. Baserat på ramverket presenteras därefter en metodik för att analysera samhällets förmåga att hantera framtida händelser i ett förändrat klimat. För att kunna identifiera en lämplig framtida beredskapsnivå, behöver samhällets förmåga att hantera händelser gentemot en framtida riskbild analyseras. Del 2 fokuserar på hur relevanta myndigheter ska kunna gå tillväga för att göra en sådan analys som slutligen kan utgöra beslutsunderlag avseende framtida beredskap. Avslutningsvis ges ett exempel på hur metoden kan användas där händelsen skogsbrand, av omfattningen att nationella förstärkningsresurser i form av MSBs upphandlade helikoptrar och flygplan för skogsbrandbekämpning kan bli aktuella att nyttja, utgör själva händelsen.
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Carlsen, Henrik y Nina Weitz. Analys av synergier och målkonflikter i Sveriges frivilliga granskning av arbetet med Agenda 2030. Stockholm Environment Institute, julio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.015.

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Denna rapport redovisar arbetet med att genomföra en systemanalys av interaktioner mellan FN:s 17 globala mål för hållbar utveckling (Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs) på svensk nationell nivå. Arbetet har genomförts i en deltagandeprocess där Agenda 2030-ansvariga på olika departement inom Regeringskansliet har bidragit med bedömningar av parvisa interaktioner mellan hållbarhetsmål och där forskare vid SEI har genomfört en systemanalys.
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