Tesis sobre el tema "Aménagement du territoire – Bretagne (France)"
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Raoul, Bruno. "Communication, territoire, mutations industrielles : l'industrialisation régionale entre développement local et globalisation : le cas de l'industrie électronique en Bretagne". Rennes 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN20021.
Texto completoFar from being restricted to the only world of media, communication today appears as a technical and symbolic matrix of the dominant development pattern. In particular, it impregnates materially and ideologically the sphere of production and exchanges. Indeed, in support of technological advances achieved in the field of electronic communication and strengthened by social technologies of management and communication, in a context of deregulation of communication systems, a new industrialism is taking shape, one which supposes a new relation between industry and territory. To be more precise, industrial changes turn out to be at the source of shifts in meaning occurring about the notion of territory. Under cover of the emergence of a new production structure, communication is thus at the heart of a movement of "deterritorialisation-reterritorialisation". Regional industrialization reflects this new reality of production. Marked by the state control seal during the "glorious thirty", it is now particularly worked on by local development policies encouraged by decentralisation and also by globalization strategies implemented by transnational firms. However, local development, borne by elites who are mediators of bewitching discourse on science, technology, innovation communication, management and enterprise, seems to partake of modernistic and globalising dynamic of capitalism and appears as a form of subjection of local actors to a new mode of exercising power and domination in the production sphere. The meaning of regional industrialization can be evaluated at ell. To confirm the problematic set out, a case study dealing with the electronics industry in Brittany aims at highlighting characteristics of a regional industrial activity, born from a state decision and developed under it
Pensivy, Sylvie. "La politique des contrats de pays : l'expérience bretonne". Rennes 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985REN1G021.
Texto completoLe, Béchec Mariannig. "Territoire et communication politique sur le « web régional breton »". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551746.
Texto completoGuy, Catherine. "L'aménagement du territoire et les contrats de plan Etat-région : les régions Bretagne et Pays de la Loire". Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20042.
Texto completoPennanguer, Stéphane. "Incertitude et concertation dans la gestion de la zone côtière". Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NSARH058.
Texto completoThe analysis of coastal zone management initiatives in France (Commission Environnement Littoral, 2002) and abroad (European Commission, 1999) reveals that the principal deficiency of these initiatives relates to the concertation, the participation and the involvement of stakeholders. Based on this report, this thesis, focused on concerted management, presents the concertation as a way to reduce uncertainty, inherent in coastal zone management. It deals with the functional aspects of concertation and the conditions to its implementation in the processes of coastal zone management. This thesis is built around the three key elements of territorial management: territories, projects and men. Starting from a crossed analysis of case studies in Brittany (Bay of Mont Saint-Michel, Iroise Sea, Gulf of Morbihan), this thesis analyses the behaviours and strategies of stakeholders in concertation processes, then is interested in possible coordinations between the different processes engaged on the same territory. While being based on the concept of territorial concertation, this thesis develops a systemic approach of concertation, reveals the “system of territorial concertation” and the dynamics which govern its functioning. The concertation appears when certain conditions and certain factors are joined together within the system of concertation. It generates new properties (or conditions) which have in particular the effect to generate new methods of collaboration between stakeholders. The concept of “small coastal zone management”, developed in the conclusion, recapitulates the lessons of this research to propose a new approach of territorial management in coastal zone
Quintin, Philippe. "Métropolisation et vitalisation : vers une recomposition des territoires". Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20064.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on what we could call urban efficiency i. E. The socio-spatial role of the city. It seems that, having reached a certain size, "mother-cities" (the root concept of metropolisation), "in a polarised system of space", generate around themselves a demographical and economical movement of "vitalisation ". 1 have attempted to comprehend this process through a model of "urban vitalisation ". This modelisation has never been an aim in itself, but rather a tool which compelled me, through a method of experimentation, to look at the possibility of verifying this movement of spatial dynamics. Through this model and its relatively large scale experimentation, 1 have tried to show the tale played by these cities in the reconstruction of territories during approximately 30 years,. This reconstruction illustrates perfectly the interest of not showing spatial territories on an opposing rural-urban basis, but showing them instead through the close ties that such territories retain with their " mother-cities " and their hinterlands, in order to create a real network of territories
Grâce, Gwenaëlle. "Les infrastructures logistiques et le développement économique territorial : le cas de la Bretagne". Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G002.
Texto completoLogistics, a subject long not fully studied by economic science, becomes a legitimate subject owing to the imperfection of competition. Logistics today is a core part of the internal organization within enterprises. In a context of globalization and the increasing complexity of supply chains is a factor of cost and non cost competitivity. The quality of the logistics infrastructure of a region has become an important factor in attracting new business development. Logistics contributes to the research of mastering available information and reducing uncertainties. Logistics is now more and more in part an outsourced activity, particularly transport and warehousing. The choice of outsourcing, all or in part, of the logistics process calls upon the theory of transaction costs. The demands upon logistics are more and more exacting. Thus, providers must continue to adapt their offer to match their client's needs. Service providers search for profitable markets. From a geographic point of view, this translates by implantations in areas which generate supply chains and can offer outsourced logistics services like those sites located on transport lines starting from Marseille, Lyon, Paris and Lille, which is not the case for Brittany. We have studied most particularly the retail distribution, automobile and agro-business sectors: Brittany must guide its activities via partnerships with logistics companies and local and regional governments so that logistics needs are met in the most efficient manner to protect an dynamic and attractive economic environment
Le, Dem Annie. "Les fêtes du patrimoine maritime au sein de la reconstruction des territoires littoraux : l'exemple de la Bretagne". Brest, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BRES1007.
Texto completoSince about twenty years, the patrimonial practices developed themselves on the britanny coastline to echoes with the deep circumstantial changes that sudden to this time in the maritime society. The britanny notoriety of the maritime heritage constructed himself in the ambiance of festivals. In Britanny, the festival of the sea became inseparable of the heritage ideology. The britanny coastline is rich of a network of 52 festivals of the maritime heritage that is to the origin of new constructions of coastal territories. Actors (associations, local collectivities, enterprises) that organize these festivals shaped a construction of the britanny maritime heritage. Some festivals today became concepts that are reproductible on the britanny coastline and other french and European seashores. Since 1996, festival of the britanny maritime heritage now export themselves on the other side of the channel. British, after having moved regularly on the britanny festival, organize their own festivals of the maritime heritage. Today, the britanny maritime 20 years after the festival became a reference and a model. The principal risks that can incur the heritage maritime 20 years after the first festival of the maritime heritage is one trivializations to eyes of the public opinion and a diversion of the authenticity cultural of the maritime heritage. Now, on notes an opening of these festivals on cultures and identifies of sailors. However, let's recall that the biggest wealth of the britanny maritime heritage is to have permitted to give birth to a culture coastline in which recognizes himself of various horizon people and identify today
Lecourt, Arnaud. "Les conflits d'aménagement : analyse théorique et pratique à partir du cas breton". Rennes 2, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003924v2.
Texto completoVery few study distinguish planning conflicts from the environmental ones. However the relations between the planning conflicts and space, territory or planning characteristics make them original. It is precisely these relations that this thesis focuses on through a systemic approach. While choosing the study of associations born in reaction with planning projects, this research places the localisation and the mechanisms of the conflicts in the center of the analysis. There are two types of results. The former shows that the planning conflicts' geography is a function of the socio-space properties from the territory of reception and of the planning. Tha latter highlights the way in which the territory and the conflict are mutually nourished according to interactions of variable intensity. Overall, this thesis raises the question of the sustainable territorial insertion of planning projects
Bouju, Périg. "Architecture et lieux de pouvoir en Bretagne : xVIIIe-XXe siècle". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00652518.
Texto completoLe, Roy Nicolas. "Brest, de la ville militaire à la métropole occidentale de la Bretagne : constructions politiques de territoires et productions identitaires". Brest, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BRES1012.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is the study of the reconstruction of territorial identities. It correlates the changes occurring, since the seventies, in territorial planning policies in France - associated with the economic rationalization process- and the spatial and economic development strategy of Brest’s conurbation. Through the perspective of a political construction of territories the focus of the thesis, based on narratives related to identity from various territorial actors, is on the analysis of identity production related to a new, voluntary territorial structuring: the metropolis. Those actors are dedicated to illustrating, in words, the collective history of Brest. A thorough examination of their narratives shows that it advocates and participates in the transformations of participants’ identity: individuals’ previous forms of identification to Brest have lost their legitimacy as new forms are neither entirely established nor recognized
Le, Délézir Ronan. "Les "pays" en Bretagne : sur la pertinence d'une nouvelle organisation territoriale". Rennes 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN20004.
Texto completoThe notion of "pays" (close to the English "county") has known over a very short period an intense intellectual and legislative reinvestment, which has reactivated an old concept of geography. This doctoral thesis is in line with this movement, to which it participates and we hope to have partially clarified it. This reflexion evaluates the pertinence of the "pays" as a tool to simplify the national territorial organisation, based on a detailed study of Brittany. That for, it was important to try to understand how such an old concept, more or less familiar to the political and economical actors depending on the regions, could have been not only ratified on a national level, but also inscribed in a law act that gave it by this way a reference, even an example value, that's why we've chosen, from the start, to set back the law in its national and even European context, since the report of the obsolescence of our territorial organisation and of the stacking up of the management levels, that have become too numerous, is widely at the origin of the idea of "pays" in the 1995's law (loadt). But first this idea, only in the law, had to be clarified. The short definition given by the legislator added in fact to the wide scale of meanings that the word had been given through the years. This contextualisation of the law naturally had to be completed with the study of its appliance, through the deep analysis of the "pays-tests" ("test-counties"). The relaunding of the concept of "pays" in Brittany fits in with this national framework. However we know it is there both older and more within the reach of the local actors than in most of the other French regions. Therefore, our work had to evaluate the perception of the loadt by the regional officials, but also to remind that the revival of the idea of "pays" was much more precocious. This crossing of a descending national dynamic and an ascending, older movement, has led us to examine how this double reactivation took place in the Britain territory
Sonnic, Erwan. "La navigation de plaisance : territoires de pratiques et territoires de gestion : entre dualité et nécessité de fusion pour une évolution progressiste de l'activité". Rennes 2, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011637.
Texto completoSince the 1960s, the activity of yachting has known a record development and Brittany is directly involved. Indeed, its coastline harbours more than 76. 000 pleasure crafts and contains hundreds of marinas, harbours and moorings. But beyond these figures, pleasure boating has its own territorial logic which is linked with harbours and moorings, yachting practices, and also with a hinterland where nautical sector firms and yachting residences are localised. Through this research work, many territorial uses, at the same time terrestrial and maritime, have been distinguished all along the Breton coastline. Even if more and more local authorities admit the legitimacy of these territories, there are still difficulties between the users and the administrative divisions. As these areas which are used for pleasure boating are appropriate in order to manage pleasure boating, but difficult to identify, this thesis proposes some keys to achieve this identification
Valy, Janique. "Croissance urbaine et risque inondation en Bretagne". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624646.
Texto completoLe, Goff Erwan. "Les Villes-Santé en Bretagne : quels choix de gestion et d'aménagement des espaces ?" Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00772443.
Texto completoBoccarossa, Alexandra. "Surveiller et agir : le rôle du territoire dans la mobilisation et la mise en oeuvre d’un réseau de suivi de la qualité des cours d’eau bretons (1992-2017)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/2018theseBoccarossaA.pdf.
Texto completoSince the establishment of the first national waterways and rivers quality monitoring in 1971, several types of measures coexist at the drainage basin scale: on the one hand, the monitoring networks supported by the State services; on theother hand, the water quality monitoring of the drainage basin (SQE-BV) provided by decentralized actors. The acquisition of complementary knowledge on water from the field measurement has accompanied the evolution of local practices of water management, in a different way depending on the regions, the basins and sub-basins. Thanks to the regulatory constraint and a State-Region partnership, Breton waterways have been the subject of a highly developed surveillance policy. This approach was motivated in the 1990s because of the urgency to act in front of a greater pollution visibility. This thesis illustrates the regionalised approach by several case studies, including that of the precursor basin of Yvel-Yvet. The whole thesis, based on the study of these local follow-ups and on a temporality of more than twenty years, mobilizes the concept of instrument of public action to explain the stages, the socio-political motivations and the implementation scales of this territorialized policy of regaining water quality
Dupont, Josselin. "L'émergence d'une politique foncière régionale en Bretagne : de l'identification des enjeux à la création d'un établissement public foncier d'Etat". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20020/document.
Texto completoDuring the last decades, we have experienced a general rise of real estate prices as well as the reinforcement of sustainable development issues. This resulted in a "renewal" of land policy in France, with the development of “Etablissements publics fonciers” (EPF). At the same time, there is a withdrawal from the public sphere against a dominant financial logic. In this context, our thesis questions the need to develop land policy at the regional scale. To do so, we have examined the situation of Brittany on the basis of several partnerships (Regional Council, DREAL and EPF of Brittany, ADEF, COST and joint supervision with the University of Liege), with research materials gathered from three distinct research terrains (in Brittany, in France and in Europe). This leaded to a PhD structured in two main parts: on the one hand, a regional diagnostic on land issues for Brittany with a list of mobilized land data and, on the second hand, an original analysis of the EPF tool. Our results show that Brittany is facing fundamental land issues (fast land artificialization due to specific modes of living and demographic dynamics) that impact in different ways the regional territory (rural-Urban and Armor-Argoat disparities). Ourresults also show that the choice of a regional land policy embodied in the creation of an EPF is at the same time very common from a French perspective and very original from a European perspective. In conclusion, we note that the effectiveness of EPF is not yet actually demonstrated and we propose recommendations to Brittany’s decision-Makers
Marinos, Clément. "Le développement des entreprises et des territoires en ville moyenne analysé au prisme des réseaux : le cas de la Bretagne Sud". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN20041/document.
Texto completoThis doctoral dissertation focuses on business networks in the specific context of peripheral medium sized cities. Based on a field survey of entrepreneurs from Southern Brittany, this research highlights resources provided by business networks. Being located in a non-metropolitan territory does not seem to be a barrier to participation in networks, even for globalized and innovative firms. This multidisciplinary work also mobilises metropolization theories to address the particular geographical context of peripheral, medium-sized cities and assess their territorial development opportunities. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying the network functioning of the firms have been interpreted using network sociology and management science literature on business leaders’ behaviour. The partnership framework with three local development agencies has led to make practical proposals targeting local political decision-makers and stakeholders. Thus, implementing a network-based public policy could be an interesting path in order to come up with a new local development approach
Chapel, Guérin Anaïs. "La durabilité des sablières : approche méthodologique dans sa perspective territoriale, les sablières Lafarge Granulats Ouest (LGO) en Bretagne". Rennes 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN20056.
Texto completoSandpits possess specific features that deserve study. As an activity extracting non-renewable raw materials forming the basis of our construction and land-development system (chapter 1), they have a territorial footprint. That footprint raises the question of what methodology to adopt for studying the sustainability of a sandpit (chapter 2). However, since we are dealing with a space transcending merely the extraction zone and its access routes, we can assume that, around the sandpit proper, there are a number of neighbouring areas of influence on which it has an impact and which constitute the territorial system of this activity (chapter 3). This being the case, the sustainability of sandpits can be gauged only within their territorial setting. We therefore viewed a sandpit as the interlocking of four spatial scales (grain, deposit, site and territory). Chapter 4 examines sandpits in the environments they influence. Prerequisites to their sustainability are a new approach to landscaping and a rethinking of land-use patterns. Sandpits are also economic entities that are part and parcel of the economic cycle of construction and land development. From this perspective, their sustainability is ineluctably bound up with societal acceptance of the sandpit with all its implications (chapter 5). This doctorate features a model (chapter 6) evaluating the sustainability of sandpits viewed in their territorial perspective
Poussin, Jean-Christophe. "Fonctionnement des marchés et évolution des formes d’habitat dans les territoires à faible tension foncière en Bretagne". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20022.
Texto completoSustainable land management is a leading stake in Brittany, where the artificialisation of land tendencies turn out worrisome. This stake invites to wonder about the conditions and the forms of a more respectful urban development. We know that the land resource, is, by definition, limited in space. In this context was created in 2009 “l’Etablissement Public Foncier de Bretagne”, a public state operator positioning as a tool in the service of the Breton communities to accompany them in the elaboration of their land strategy and the implementation of operations, in the priority domain of housing. The creation of this new structure intends to participate on a regionalscale in the regulation of markets and in the emergence of more virtuous operations. Our reflection aims at analyzing the mechanisms of interrelations between working of markets and evolution of urban forms by focusing on the “intercommunal” level and the low land pressure territories. These territories are indeed little surroundedby researches even though they establish, because of moderate costs of the land, the new "receptacles" of the urban sprawl. From the study of 4 “intercommunaux” territories and the analysis of the words held by various metactors, the thesis highlights tracks of stakes for a control of land markets by housing operations. These stakes are then declined in recommendations in the last part of the thesis
Florez, Marion. "Le partage de l’espace en débat : de la confrontation des usages à la construction de modalités de cohabitation sur le littoral breton". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REN20054.
Texto completoThe densification of spaces, their over-frequentation, the multiplication of protection zones, the implementation of regulations, the increase in the real estate market, etc. are all problems associated with the conflictual sharing of coastal space. This research, which is the result of a scientific and financial collaboration between the DREAL Bretagne and the ESO Rennes laboratory, aims to take into account the plurality of ordinary conflictual situations that emerge around the issue of space sharing. The aim is not only to reveal what these configurations say about the relationships that actors have with space, the Other, nature and institutions, but also to reveal the plural effects of these situations on a space as small as the coastline. Through the investigation of case studies dealing with various issues and involving heterogeneous actors, the aim is to demonstrate the necessary and indisputable interest in taking into account all the actors concerned, to recognise their knowledge and their multiple assets and to legitimise their occupation of the space. Through the experimentation of a hybrid participatory approach, mixing methods from the human and social sciences (semi-directive interview and mental map) and animation techniques experimented by the State services (workshop, cartographic diagnosis, etc.), we highlight, beyond the inexorable nature of conflicts, the possibility and the importance of their valorisation as an essential contribution to the improvement of cohabitation and to the common construction of the space-at-risk that is the coastline
Gaudin, Solène. "Villes moyennes et rénovation urbaine : discours et actions d’une transaction spatiale : exemples pris en Bretagne". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20044/document.
Texto completoThe National Urban Renewal Programme (NERP), launched by the Borloo law passed on 1 August 2003, was explicitly designed as an answer to strong social and urban issues: housing obsolescence of the HLM, concentration of population in space which are considered as impoverished areas, relegation and discrimination according to nationality or geographical origin. Calibrated to address problems of the difficult areas of large cities, its diffusion to all priority areas and towards small and medium-sized towns reflects the success of the formula, and, by the way, a special appetite for action and communication about these "maxi urban projects" sometimes oversized.Mobilising a proofreading of transaction theories, we have analysed the stories and speeches of local actors and policy maker involved in large-scale operations of urban renewal in mid-sized cities across Brittany. In sum, we ask when, how and on what basis repose the commitment of the public authorities in the choice of demolition and how to understand the massive support of medium-sized cities in this device? This includes developing interest, on the one hand, about the concepts of space including in these operations and, secondly, to evalue and ask the logic of the action of the programme
Remy, Julie. "L'organisation des territoires du quart nord-ouest de la Gaule (Bretagne et Pays de la Loire) à la fin de l'âge de Fer (IIe-Ier siècle av. n.-è.)". Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2016.
Texto completoAt the end of the Iron Age (2th to 1st century BC), the northwest of the Gaul (the current region of Bretagne and Pays de la Loire) is subdivided into different cities. Eight of them have been subject to a particular attention within the framework of this study. This one included understanding their organization and the various habitation sites unearth by the archaeology. In fact, these last ten years some recent excavations have now supplemented the corpus of the grouped settlements, enclosed or not, as the oppidum of Moulay or Entrammes in Mayenne, or as Trégueux near Saint-Brieuc, motivating the realization of this work. At first, it focused on the forms and the functions of the grouped settlements as a supplement to the numerous already existing syntheses which deal with the rural occupation in Middle and Late La Tène, but also on the form and the place of spaces with religious characters within territories. Then, these analyses may to think about the economic links, even administrative, between these various types of sites, and at the same time in the social structuring of cities and the evolution of their organizations until the change era. Lastly, the main components of the territories of the western fringe of the Gaul were compared with those of the center or east regions of France, as city of Turons, Bituriges, Leuques and Médiomatriques
Beucher, Stéphanie. "Risque d'inondation et dynamiques territoriales des espaces de renouvellement urbain : les cas de Seine-Amont et de l'Est londonien". Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00336726.
Texto completoLes projets de renouvellement urbain sont placés sous le signe du développement durable : comment dès lors concevoir des stratégies d'aménagement durable de ces espaces ? S'il est impossible d'éliminer le risque, il paraît souhaitable de mettre en place un système d'aménagement qui intègre le risque à toutes les échelles. La comparaison des outils de gestion et des mécanismes de gouvernance existants dans les deux pays permet d'envisager la planification stratégique des espaces fluviaux et de construire, dans les deux espaces étudiés, des territoires non plus vulnérables, mais résilients.
Chaurand, Julie. "La cohérence interterritoriale des projets de continuités écologiques. L’exemple de la politique Trame verte et bleue en France". Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IAVF0016/document.
Texto completoThe “Trame verte et bleue” (TVB), a French public policy, aims at preserving and restoring ecological networks (EN). It is intended to be a tool for land-use planning. It is part of French law’s codes for the environment and for urbanism. It is meant to be implemented at different governance levels, ranging from the national to the regional to the local. The coherence of the TVB between these levels has been specified in French law. Nevertheless, territories have a wide margin for interpretation and implementation of TVB policy. In this thesis, we examine the conditions necessary for ensuring coherence between territorial projects which pertain to EN planning. To this end, we address two main hypotheses that are sources of (in)coherence: (i) the incompleteness of existing knowledge in landscape ecology and its use in the territories, and (ii) the governance processes put in place to take into account the margin for adaptation of the TVB policy, with a focus on “bridging” actors between territorial projects. We develop a notion of “interterritorial coherence” based on the sharing of a vision between the stakeholders of the organization of space. We propose an analysis grid of this coherence applied to projects related to EN. The grid involves three components: the ecological dimension, the multifunctionality, and the governance processes. These components are characterized by criteria and translated into indicators. The analysis grid has been applied to different projects carried out by “nested” territories ranging from the national to the local level in two French regions (Brittany and Occitania, (formerly called Languedoc-Roussillon region)). The analysis is initially specific to each project and then becomes comparative, vertically between levels of governance and horizontally between the same levels of governance. We show that the preservation of EN is a “wicked mess problem”, in the sense that a single and optimal solution does not exist given the ecological and societal complexities of the subject. The territories adapt themselves, simplify and have their own representation of the concepts of landscape ecology. Approaches differ between the national and the local. The naturalistic approach promoted at the national level becomes a land-use approach at the local level. Similarly, the ecological approach becomes multifunctional by transitioning from the environment code to the urbanism code. The law imposes a top-down coherence between the territories. This can be a source of innovation or, on the contrary, can limit initiatives due to fear of litigation. The actors and projects are extremely diverse. EN planning is a “hot potato” (more or less “hot”) that territories pass to each other. The territories with territorial coherence schemes (SCoTs) or local urban planning plans (PLU) are often identified as the most relevant levels to tackle the problem. Nevertheless, the application of the subsidiarity principle must not disempower certain territories, since socio-ecological systems are inter-scale and therefore interterritorial. The role of “bridging” actors between the territories is essential to interterritorial coherence because they can energize or even create the organized proximities between the territories. The “Trame verte et bleue” policy is currently at a turning point following recent legislative developments. Regions are identified as leaders on biodiversity and have to follow a new integrated regional scheme that includes, in particular, EN. Interterritorial coherence is built up over time and will therefore need to be analyzed over time
Renaud, Marjorie. "Approche managériale, dynamique et sociométrique de Réseaux de Développement Technologique (RDT) en France : le cas des régions Bretagne, Pays de Loire et Poitou-Charentes". Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN0651.
Texto completoBoccarossa, Alexandra. "Surveiller et agir : le rôle du territoire dans la mobilisation et la mise en oeuvre d’un réseau de suivi de la qualité des cours d’eau bretons (1992-2017)". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20043/document.
Texto completoSince the establishment of the first national waterways and rivers quality monitoring in 1971, several types of measures coexist at the drainage basin scale: on the one hand, the monitoring networks supported by the State services; on theother hand, the water quality monitoring of the drainage basin (SQE-BV) provided by decentralized actors. The acquisition of complementary knowledge on water from the field measurement has accompanied the evolution of local practices of water management, in a different way depending on the regions, the basins and sub-basins. Thanks to the regulatory constraint and a State-Region partnership, Breton waterways have been the subject of a highly developed surveillance policy. This approach was motivated in the 1990s because of the urgency to act in front of a greater pollution visibility. This thesis illustrates the regionalised approach by several case studies, including that of the precursor basin of Yvel-Yvet. The whole thesis, based on the study of these local follow-ups and on a temporality of more than twenty years, mobilizes the concept of instrument of public action to explain the stages, the socio-political motivations and the implementation scales of this territorialized policy of regaining water quality
Carrard, Michel. "L'impact de l'aéroport Notre-Dame-Des-Landes sur le devenir des relations entre Nantes et Rennes : étude prospective à l'aide de la théorie des jeux". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00459176.
Texto completoTallec, Josselin. "La construction socio-spatiale de l’innovation en ville moyenne face aux objectifs de compétitivité et d’attractivité des politiques d’aménagement : les cas des agglomérations d’Albi (Midi-Pyrénées), Alès (Languedoc-Roussillon), Fougères et Quimper (Bretagne)". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20063/document.
Texto completoSeveral common ideas turn around the concept of « Medium-Sized Cities ». Too small to influence their economic environment, their industrial patterns wouldn’t be able to reach the standards of post-fordism based on a constant innovation process. As a consequence, concentrating public R&D investments in Metropolitan Areas would ensure and comfort economic growth. Studying the social and spatial levels linked to technopolitan projects hold in the cities of Albi (Tarn), Alès (Gard), Fougères (Ille-et-Vilaine) and Quimper (Finistère), we come to the conclusion Medium-Sized Cities are, on a long term perspective, adapting themselves to the contemporary economic regime based on a constant innovation process through growth coalition process linked between local authorities and scientific institutions
Negre, Romaric. "Sensibilité prospective des entreprises à l’amélioration de l’accessibilité ferroviaire : le cas de la ligne à grande vitesse Bretagne – Pays de la Loire". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20065/document.
Texto completoThe commissioning of a new high-speed rail was not sufficiently studied in light of companies’ strategy. Despite a wary scientific view on the correlation between transport infrastructure and economic development, many local stakes and expectations remain in the served areas. Beyond a prospective understanding on the potential integration of the Bretagne-Pays de la Loire highspeed rail by France’s Grand Ouest (western regions) companies, this thesis provides an analysis of firms’ integration into high-speed transportation public policies. Company heads’ sensibility is studied through its nature, determinants and potential impact that it could foresee on local dynamics. This empirical research consists mainly of interviews with 179 company leaders, on 14 areas in Grand Ouest and Paris region. Increased railway accessibility is analysed according to the specificities of digital activities, banking and insurances, business services and industry.Firms’ spatial activity leads to a better integration of perceptions and private strategies when developing high-speed rail within served areas
Kermagoret, Charlène. "La compensation des impacts sociaux et écologiques pour les projets d'aménagement : acceptation, perceptions et préférences des acteurs du territoire. Application au projet de parc éolien en mer de la baie de Saint-Brieuc (Bretagne,France)". Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0126/document.
Texto completoIn the context of a territory suffering from the negative impacts of an infrastructure declared of public utility, territorial compensation consists of a set of measure that aims to help maintaining the level of well-being of each and every individual as well as a desirable ecological state. This way, territorial compensation allows to balance between the global scale of the project, in which only the positive impacts are taken into account, and the local scale where both positive and negative externalities of the project are running. Initiated by a questioning on how such a public policy tool can be deployed at the heart of specific territories, the main objective of this PhD work is to characterize the expectation of local stakeholders towards the perceived impacts awaited from the instatement of a development project. More specifically, this work relies on an analytical approach centered on the study of the perception of the stakeholders of the Bay of St-Brieuc territory (Western Brittany, France), who are directly concerned by an offshore wind farm project. To reach suchaims, complementary qualitative and quantitative methods are used such as fuzzy cognitive mapping and choice experiment method. Using this kind of approaches allowed us to better define several keys for understanding how local stakeholders perceive the impacts of such a project and agree or not with compensation being an appropriate answer regarding the negative impacts of the project and consider the implementation of compensation in reference to their preferences towards different types of action – monetary incentives, public goods investments, ecological restoration. Our results show very heterogeneous perceptions in between the different stakeholders that can in a large part beexplained using the concept of Communities of Practice. Finally, when the principle of compensation is accepted by allthe stakeholders of a territory, the equivalency logical that determines the compensation expectations can be of three types: a territorial equivalency, in which the benefits of compensation must be shared by all inhabitants of the impacted territory; an ecological equivalency, in which the level of ecological functions or ecosystem services is maintained constant; and an equivalency based on economic values that must balance the loss of benefits underwent by some professional activities
Avry, Loïc. "Analyser les conflits territoriaux par les représentations spatiales : une méthode cognitive par cartes mentales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN20032.
Texto completoTerritorial conflicts, whether they involve environmental, land use, planning or urban development issues, are on the rise and often lead to the delay, or even the abandon, of diverse projects. While previous studies have emphasized the complex relationships that exist between conflicts and territories, few have successfully set the perspectives of the different actors on an equal footing.This thesis seeks to understand the real place occupied by the territory in the different perspectives of the various actors involved in territorial conflicts. Three case studies in particular have been used to clarify this aspect. The first study concerns the Notre-Dame-des-Landes International Airport conflict. The second is a comparison of land-fill site conflicts and the third focuses on the analysis of the conflict surrounding „Thursday night parties” in Rennes City Centre.The different scales of mobilisation and the different arguments advanced in these case studies were examined from the angle of the analysis of the different representations made by the various actors. We interpreted the positions of the different actors, laypersons, experts, and decision-makers, on the same level: that of the project territory. We also investigated how new mediations between different players could be put into place to allow a better understanding of the convergences and divergences of the positions held by different actors.To do this, we mainly used a “mental mapping” tool, which involved precisely outlining the objective of our study before developing a new methodology for resolving conflicts. The study of the different representations with this tool has undoubtedly allowed a better understanding of the different assertions made by opposing positions in territorial conflicts. As such, we have established a new design for the system of different actors and of the models of territorial complexes.From these new models, we established a global synthesis of conflict which we have termed “belliforme”, and which serves as a starting point for new processes of territorial cooperation, both prior to and following, the decision-making process. Furthermore, we question the key role that could be played by a cartography centred around the actors, rather than around the projects, in the understanding of the interplay between conflicts and territories
Margail, Fabienne. "Les parcs relais, outils clés de politiques intermodales de déplacement urbain". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529491.
Texto completoAvry, Loïc. "Analyser les conflits territoriaux par les représentations spatiales : une méthode cognitive par cartes mentales". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808779.
Texto completoRoussel, Christine. "Concurrences de pouvoirs et aménagement du territoire en Ile-de-France". Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081133.
Texto completoIf national and regional development is really the matter of experts, it's also the politicians' matter by the local communities. Indeed, in 1982, we have passed from an authoritarian development to a more democratical one. Each political actor can, from now on, define his development purpose and the local councillors are more and more interested in their area. Ten years of decentralization have created imperfections (crossed financings, abilities overlapping. . . ). From which can ask that : who can decide what in ile-defrance ? the purpose of this research is to bring to the fore the powers' competition on different themes and scales, and the actors' function in national and regional development in ile-de-france
Poulain, Jean Luc. "Penser l’entreprise et ses dirigeants : l’Entreprise familiale de Taille Intermédiaire (E.T.I.) : outil de pérennisation de l’emploi, et facteur de développement territorial (économique, social et culturel) : étude anthropo-sociologique des identités professionnelles et territoriales en Bretagne". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20068.
Texto completoOur research is devoted mainly to family-owned medium-sized enterprises (MSEs) in Brittany. Working from the perspective of the sociology of professions, we met several heads of companies with between 250 and 5,000 employees. In doing so, we observed how this so-called “enterprise” concept, similar to that of “Mittelstands” in Germany, offers a better understanding of the key factors of success, based notably on human capital, innovation, and international growth beingabsolute priorities, with the business also retaining strong local roots. We interviewed company heads in the historical territory of Brittany, taken as a “social laboratory”, to acquire a better grasp of the sociological profile of family business leaders working in the following sectors: the food industry; food services; health; real estate; textiles; footwear; and transport. Taking as a starting-point various social, economic, and sociological issues affecting the world of work and employment, we also sought to shed light on global competition, in particular in the field of labour: this thesis aims to provide insights into a certain number of transformations, bearing in mind the assertion by a great many occupational sociologists that “unemployment is the root cause of social exclusion”
Capet, Yann. "La Recomposition du territoire littoral en France métropolitaine". Littoral, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DUNK0157.
Texto completoThe variety of the actors and the reduction of the legal instruments contribute to make of the coast a fragmented space. The movement of reorganization which gets territories today seems to be able to restore him a certain unity renewing there even the legal apprehension of which it was until then the object. The consolidation of the concept of Integrated Coastal Zones Management, at the same time as the development of the reorganization of territories, opens the way to a new conception of the relations maintained between law and littoral. The reorganization of the territories, as essential modality of the ICZM, open the possibility of restoring the unity of the coast, in the fact that it pulls the consequences of the maladjustment of the traditional administrative territories and that it restores the sector-based instruments drawn by the law in a global and unified perspective. The appeal to the notion of reorganization of the territory for the implemented of has ICZM renew connections between the law and the coast and tends to a certain extent to restore it in one system opened to the specificities. The coast is then envisaged under the angle of a general approach opened to the variety thanks to a revival of connections between law and territory. This hypothesis seems to authorize a new reading of the littoral problems by allowing to integrate at the same moment spaces, standards and actors in a management system the end of which is the sustainable development of the coast
Mandrou-Taoubi, Françoise. "L'Aveyron : gestion départementale, aménagement et identité". Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20059.
Texto completoBenezech, Sylvie. "Vieillesse, vieillissement démographique et aménagement d'un territoire montagnard : exemple des Hautes-Alpes". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE19078.
Texto completoFor the geographer, old age raises several problems so far as social management and land administration are concerned, the first part of this dissertation definies old age. Old people's biological, psychological as well as financial evolutions have serious consequences on the life of the community and on family solidarity. The choice made in the second part of this word is to focus on areas with a high proportion of old people, where the living conditions ca raise problems in cases of dependency. I have examined the case of hautes-alpes, characterized by its rurality, the disruption of former patterns of life, uneasy access, the lack of power of local communities and its demographic evolution. In the third part, i describe the physical and social conditions of mountain environment and the constraints that bear on the lives of old and dependent people. The results of the survey i have carried out show the major role played by solidarity towards old people. Staying at home depends on whether the family unit is able or willing to help them do so. But the future is uncertain. My last observation is mat is due to the deterioration of the environment, employment, services, trade. Here lies the whole problem of a ratonal development of mountain areas, aiming at reducing the present imbalance and social disparities, and at preventing marginalisation and exclusion
Tronchon, Pierre. "Aménagement de l'espace et sécurité civile". Perpignan, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PERP0071.
Texto completoThis thesis wishes to demonstrate : - that the failure to master urban planning may breed death - by creating urbanisation along major trunk roads thought lessly - or social conflicts - by anarchical construction of council flatsi n town belts without thinking of how to integrate these estates with existing housing. - that public opinion is much more sensitive to the consequences of natural catastrophes aggravated by man than to traffic accidents in urban areas yet responsible for 50 times more victimes each year. - that civil security be improved by a real democratisation of urban planning of the whole territory (concerted planning) and by creating a courageous and determined land policy
Contremoulin, Eddie. "Politique du territoire et territorialisation du politique". Caen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CAEN1081.
Texto completoToudon, Sylvie. "La maîtrise des opérations d'aménagement du territoire : de la politique de l'aménagement du territoire à la maîtrise de l'action foncière". Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON10020.
Texto completoCallens, Bruno. "Techniques, technopoles et aménagement du territoire : contribution à l'étude des conséquences du déterminisme technique sur le droit de l'aménagement du territoire". Lille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL20012.
Texto completoWhat can we learn from approaching the technical aspect of the future development of regional planning legislation in an economic context encouraging "technique explosion"? This is the central question presented in this thesis. The problematic adopted highlight the need to re-examined the notion of regional planning legislation, and beyond that, to bring about new representation. In the first part, an attempt is made to analyze the impact of "stricto sensu" techniques on spatial structuring by first putting it into a historic perspective so as to envisage the impact of the current technical revolution. At the same time, we tried to evaluate room for action on the part of public actors who must either adopt or go against the effects of current fluctuations brought about by the appearance of innovation. It appears historically that public authorities have never been indifferent to the spatial consequences linked to the appearance of techniques. Today, faced with technical systems that are rapidly becoming more complex and autonomous, thus increasing the unpredictability of their spatial effects, the opportunity for a legal hold on this innovative dynamic force is suggested. The second part is devoted to analyzing the science park phenomenon, comprehending its specificity and defining its role in spatial structuring before establishing the way in which public actors could control it within the scope of political regional planning. We stressed the fact that the effectiveness of science parks as tools in regional planning depended on the need to not limit them solely to their spatial dimensions. On the contrary, emphasis should be placed on mobilizing specific legal techniques likely to stimulate and maintain processes with synergy
Genovesio, Fabien. "Le Médoc : "entre environnement et aménagement"". Bordeaux 3, 2006. https://hal.science/tel-04049781v1.
Texto completoThe “Médoc” peninsula constitutes a particularly representative area to work out a reflection on the environment and land use planning. Currently, this area is under tourist activities pressure which affects its littoral part. However, it is also wedged and unbalanced because all its interior part is forsaken. Its estuarine wine producing frontage and its tourist littoral frontage are deprived of a harmonious economic development, coherent land use planning, and development schemes. The “Médoc” is thus presented as an area requiring attentions. The issue will have to be built around connexions and effects of land use planning and tourist development on the environment. So, starting from a regular follow-up of a reality ground and a total geographical consideration, tourism and its installations will be apprehended as a tool for enhancement and opening up of this area. Tourism also introduces a possible aspect of environment degradation, whereas, the latter stands as a fundamental asset of this area. That is why, to think about the environment and the development of this area is trying to provide the best tools to better manage the effects of tourist activities and planification. It is to argue and support assumptions reconciling tourism and environment, it is to redefine new basis of development, enhancement, organisation, and long term urban planning. The recent advent of the “Médoc”, the new regional perspectives concerning urban planning, environment and development require the support of thought and scientific approach. The aim of this issue is to contribute to the “Médoc” organisation and land use planning, the harmonization of tourist development and environment, and the area readjustment. In sum, the thesis wishes to bring the useful data to base a sustainable and coherent local development
David, Olivier. "La petite enfance, politique d'accueil, aménagement du territoire : le cas de l'Ille-et-Vilaine". Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20025.
Texto completoThe under 6 age group is a basic element when observing the recent demographic trend. The decrease in birth rate and fecundity which started in the late sixties accounts for this age group's lower share in the French population. Geographically speaking, younger children are unevenly distributed, with peaks in cities and their peri urban areas. Besides, what with family breakdown and the rising rumber of working women there is now a whole new set of daily organization with direct consequences for younger children. Thus authorities have been encouraged to further a more active welfare family policy wich partly consists in fostering the development of day care units for the very young. In turn, blatant disparities have emerged from the way family care services are distributed. As a whole, supply is for from meeting demand in cities and countryside alike. Such gaps make it impossible to guarantee equal opportunities for each and every citizen in a given area. A few regional authorities have considered measures to help bridge these gaps, the Ille-et-Vilaine department for one. Such initiatives lie within the framework of a country planning policy and thus, these steps which are directed towards younger children can partake in a region's development, especially since they do have a positive political and social impact
Le, Pennec Stéphane. "Le réseau routier antique du Nord-Ouest du territoire osisme : les tracés et leur environnement humain". Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20065.
Texto completoThe identification of ancient highways, usually wrongly as " Roman roads ", is based on successive enquiries aiming at assessing their routes as well as their sheer existence. These investigations have given clues that inform about the antiquity of the roads but are no proof of their absolute ancient origin. The study of the road network of the north-west of the Osism civitas shows how difficult it is for the viographs to interpret and date back the routes they find themselves confronted with their research. In this area where inscriptions on milliary columns as well as archeological testimonies of road building are scarce, other elements have to be looked for in order to address the issue. A close examination of the general organization of the network and the routes, either by comparing them all together or by picking out each one of them, gives hints as to how to bring forth a relative chronology of the way the threads were arranged on the web. The study of the links between settlements and of the human environment of the routes can give indirect evidence on how busy they were at such and such period. All the collected data have pointed out that quite a number of the tracks used at the gallo-roman time in this part of the Osism land were prior to the Conquest. In the roman times, they were re-used and integrated into links between the capital Vorgium-Carhaix and villages of the nort-west of the city or into roads between these villages. This new pattern of the existing web ended into the development of a coherent network centred on three crossroads-like places. During the essential part of the roman period, these highways made exchanges easier between these villages and the neighbouring countryside and they played a fundamental part in the spread of some techniques and new fashions
Lanneaux, Marie-Agnès. "Grandes infrastructures de transport et territoire : valorisation et dynamique du territoire traversé par l'Autoroute A39". Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA1019.
Texto completoCheng, Chunning. "A la recherche d'une approche évaluative d'un territoire en mutation : entre territoire et politiques publiques de développement local : le cas du Languedoc-Roussillon". Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON10050.
Texto completoLecoquierre, Bruno. "L'estuaire de la Seine : espace et territoire". Le Havre, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LEHA0004.
Texto completoThe Normandy bridge, opened on 26 january 1995, has set up a direct link between the two banks of the river which had developed separately for about fifty years. It has created the conditions for a restoration of the close ties that had existed between the two banks during the nineteenth century up until world war two. In this respect, the bridge could bring about a new territoriality in the estuary through the profound modification of networks it induces. As is the case with the other major european estuaries, the evolution of the territoriality has also been expressed through the emergence of environmental concerns since the middle of the nineteen seventies. Under pressure from lobbies unrelated to business interests, port authorities have to relinquish part of their territories for conservation purposes ; the ensuing power struggles ultimately require the arbitration of the state. However, an estuarial territory encompassing the estuary and both banks will only be established with the commitment of local authorities and inhabitants since development projects decided by the state are inefficient if they are not handled at local level. Should the local powers and inhabitants of the estuary decide upon the creation of the new territory, the question of marking its administrative limits would then arise since the seaward side of the estuary is the boundary of two administrative regions. An intermunicipal grouping could provide an answer to this difficult problem
GRUPPOSO, MARIE CATHERINE. "L'emergence de la notion d'amenagement paysager, en france, dans les annees 60. Etude de la filiere decisionnelle". Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070047.
Texto completoAt the end of the sixties, as a reaction against the architecture of the "chemin de grue" which lead to the large urban habitational units, the valorization of collective spaces and the restitution of an habitat at a human scale and of a urban continuity have became an urbanistic concern. The renewal is a consequence of the power given to architects and artists in urban design ; this has been possible thanks to the insertion of these profesionals in the decisional channel of managing of a new politic of national spatial planning. This politic pushed forward by general de gaulle, was based on the objective of making the french economy competitive in the common marquet. At the center of this politic, the planification has been used to facilitate industrial decentralisation and entreprises restructuration by creating, at the regional level, a hierarchic system of towns corresponding to the services and activities proposed by each one and interconnected by well developed communication systems. In order to materialize this territorial organisation, an interministerial committee was created in 1959 : the "ciat", which makes a specific decisional channel directed by high ranking civil servants having interministerial fonctions. For the parisian region, the first region to be organized, this channel is structured in a central administration (the "district"), some technical organisms (the "laurp" for the conception of the regional planning program and the "aptrp" for the obtention of private parcels without previous consultation of local deputes) and an administration of the mission for local organization (the "mea"). This last structure has developed a strategy completely oriented towards the overall control of the building policy by transformation of collective spaces (streets, green spaces, diverse interstitial spaces, etc) in structural components of the urban space, by their valorisation, in particular thanks to the chromo-landscape technique