Tesis sobre el tema "Algorithmes de couplage d’utilisateurs"
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Badran, Ibrahim Hesham Sadat. "Enhancement of Optical Wireless Communications Using Hybrid and Multiple Access Techniques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ENTA0010.
Texto completoVisible light communication (VLC) is a promising technology for indoor wireless connectivity, offering high-speed data transmission and alleviating spectrum congestion. This thesis explores the integration of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques to improve VLC system efficiency. We investigate various power allocation techniques, including fixed power allocation (FPA), gain ratio power allocation (GRPA), and normalized gain difference power allocation (NGDPA), to enhance resource distribution among users. Different user pairing algorithms, such as next-largest difference user-pairing algorithm (NLUPA) and uniform channel gain difference (UCGD), are also examined. The achievable sum rate for NOMAMIMO-VLC systems is analyzed in scenarios with even and odd user numbers, and results are compared with NOMA without pairing and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). Furthermore, we assess the bit error rate (BER) performance under diversity techniques, such as selection combining (SC), equal gain combining (EGC), and maximum ratio combining (MRC). Finally, we derive an analytic expression for BER for an arbitrary number of users. Overall, our comprehensive study provides valuable insights into NOMA-MIMO-VLC systems for indoor wireless communication
Lemarié, Florian. "Algorithmes de Schwarz et couplage océan-atmosphère". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10223.
Texto completoMany applications in coastal and operational oceanography and meteorology require high resolution local models, for which ocean-atmosphere interactions must be properly taken into account. In that case, connecting the two model solutions at the air-sea interface is a very difficult problem. In this context we intend to adapt Schwarz-like domain decomposition methods to this kind of problem to address it on an appropriate way from the mathematical point of view. One important difficulty comes from the turbulent behaviour of the flow in the boundary layers both sides of the interface. First, we carry out a review of the various parameterization schemes relevant for our study. Then we propose to study an idealized form of the problem: a coupling between two diffusion equations modeling the turbulent mixing in the boundary layers, the diffusion coefficients are given by usual parameterization schemes. In order to ensure a quick convergence of the method we search for optimized transmission conditions. Those latter are determined analytically for constant and discontinuous at the interface diffusion coefficients then we extend those results to the more complicated case with spatially variable coefficients, thanks to a new approach. Finally we show how the usual coupling methods can be described in the formalism of the Schwarz methods. Then we propose a first real-case study (genesis and propagation of a tropical cyclone) and we introduce some numerical results, obtained with a non-optimized method
Lemarié, Florian. "Algorithmes de Schwarz et couplage océan-atmosphère". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00343501.
Texto completoSalem, Rami. "Algorithmes de couplage aérothermique pour des applications turbomachines". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASC035.
Texto completoFor some configurations, especially in high-pressure turbines, the thermal aspect for aerodynamic performances is essential. The need to have an exit total temperature flowing out the combustion chamber, i.e flowing in the high-pressure turbine, higher and higher leads engine manufacturers to reduce uncertainties on the thermal environment of turbine blades, cooled or not. It is therefore important to use a coupled approach for aerothermal simulations in turbomachinery applications. The main purpose of this work focuses on: (i) finding the right strategy for coupling, both robuste and precise, espacially for stabilizing correctly the fluid-solid interface with the right boundary condition, (ii) studying the impact of heat fluxes on aerodynamic performences and finally (iii) extending this coupling method to include unsteady flows. Thus the method developped in this work has led to an unconditionnal stability of the coupling process while having raisonnable compute times
Etancelin, Jean-Matthieu. "Couplage de modèles, algorithmes multi-échelles et calcul hybride". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM072/document.
Texto completoIn this work, we investigate the implementation of hybrid methods on heterogeneous computers in order to achieve numerical simulations of multi-scale problems. The hybrid numerical method consists of coupling methods of different natures to solve the physical and numerical characteristics of the problem. It is based on a remeshed particle method that combines the advantages of Lagrangian and Eulerian methods. Particles are pushed by local velocities and remeshed at every time-step on a grid using high order interpolation formulas. This forward semi-lagrangian method takes advantage of the regular mesh on which particles are reinitialized but is not limited by CFL conditions.We derive a class of high order methods for which we are able to prove convergence results under the sole stability constraint that particle trajectories do not intersect.In the context of high performance computing, a strong portability constraint is applied to the code development in order to handle the rapid evolution of architectures and their heterogeneous nature. An analysis of the numerical efficiency of the GPU implementation of the method is performed and extended to multi-GPU platforms. The hybrid method is applied to the simulation of the transport of a passive scalar in a 3D turbulent flow. The two sub-problems of the flow and the scalar calculations are solved simultaneously on multi-CPU and multi-GPU architectures
Lashermes, Ronan. "Etude de la sécurité des implémentations de couplage". Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VERS0021/document.
Texto completoPairings are cryptographic algorithms allowing new protocols for public-key cryptography. After a decade of research which led to a dramatic improvement of the computation speed of pairings, we focused on the security of pairing implementations.For that purpose, we evaluated the resistance to fault attacks. We have sent electromagnetic pulses in the chip computing a pairing at a precise instant. It allowed us to recover the cryptographic secret which should be protected in the computation. Our study was both theoretical and practical; we did implement actual fault attacks. Finally, we proposed countermeasures in order to protect the algorithm in the future
Estibals, Nicolas. "Algorithmes et arithmétique pour l'implémentation de couplages criptographiques". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0157/document.
Texto completoPairings are cryptographic primitives which are now used in numerous protocols. Computing and implementing them efficiently is then an interestingchallenge relying on an algorithmic and arithmetic study of those mathematical functions. More precisely, pairings are bilinear maps defined over elliptic and hyperelliptic curves. Among those, we restrict our study to supersingular curves, as they allow both symmetric pairings and efficient algorithm for pairing computation. We propose an unified framework for the construction of algorithms computing pairings and we apply it to the design of a novel algorithm for a pairing over a genus-2 characteristic-2 hyperelliptic curve. The computations involved in our algorithms require the implementation of rapid arithmetic for finite fields of small characteristic. Since multiplication is the critical operation, we present an algorithm for the exhaustive search of multiplication formulae. Finally, we apply all the previous methods to the design and implementation of different hardware accelerators for the computation of cryptographic pairings over various curves
Estibals, Nicolas. "Algorithmes et arithmétique pour l'implémentation de couplages criptographiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0157.
Texto completoPairings are cryptographic primitives which are now used in numerous protocols. Computing and implementing them efficiently is then an interestingchallenge relying on an algorithmic and arithmetic study of those mathematical functions. More precisely, pairings are bilinear maps defined over elliptic and hyperelliptic curves. Among those, we restrict our study to supersingular curves, as they allow both symmetric pairings and efficient algorithm for pairing computation. We propose an unified framework for the construction of algorithms computing pairings and we apply it to the design of a novel algorithm for a pairing over a genus-2 characteristic-2 hyperelliptic curve. The computations involved in our algorithms require the implementation of rapid arithmetic for finite fields of small characteristic. Since multiplication is the critical operation, we present an algorithm for the exhaustive search of multiplication formulae. Finally, we apply all the previous methods to the design and implementation of different hardware accelerators for the computation of cryptographic pairings over various curves
LAKHAL, JAMEL. "Algorithmes paralleles pour la resolution de problemes de couplage dans les graphes". Evry-Val d'Essonne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EVRY0003.
Texto completoGiannakos, Aristotelis. "Algorithmique pour le parallelisme : certains problemes d'ordonnancement de taches et algorithmes de couplage". Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112455.
Texto completoEl, Hibaoui Abdelaaziz. "Analyse de quelques algorithmes probabilistes à délais aléatoires". Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13323.
Texto completoRajaomazava, III Tolotra Emerry. "Dynamique d'un hydrofoil dans un fluide visqueux : algorithmes de couplage en IFS et application". Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0062/document.
Texto completoA numerical study of Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) in hydrodynamic case is adressed in this thesis. Thirstly, the analysis of coupling methods (staggered schemes) was established to an academic case. It corresponds to the resolution of non linear Burgers equation in a moving domain where the moving interface is assimilated to a mass spring system. According to the time discretisation and linearization of the coupled problem, four coupling scheme can be defined : explicit, semi-implicit, implicit-outer and implicit-inner. A comparative performance study in convergence and computing time were performed. The performance depends on the coupling scheme used. The explicit scheme requires less time compared to the others schemes. However it does not allow the mechanical energy conservation at the interface, inducing the stability issue of the numerical scheme. This instabilities does not arise for the implicit coupling algorithms because the energy conservation at the interface is fulfilled. lndeed, a convergence condition is added for implicit schemes. Even though these schemes require more computing time, they are necessary to get better precision. Inter alia, the fluid-structure interface analysis shows that the gap between the interface taken as the moving boundary and the structure position mostly depends on the actualization scheme of the chosen mesh.In the second part, the coupling algorithm study is extended to physical problem of FSI. A hydrofoil in heave and pitch immersed in a fluid flow is then studied. The equation of hydrofoil movement takes account the distance between the rotation center and the center of gravity. This causes the equation to be nonlinear and introduces a coupling of the two movements (heave and pitch) and a damping of the heave movement. The hydrofoil dynamic is studied for different configurations : forced movements or not, immersed in a fluid at rest or a flowing one. It shows that the hydrofoil movement is pseudo-periodic followed by a damping movement. The hydrodynamic forces tend to follow the same evolution and converge to an equilibrium point. The vibration study clearly shows a frequency modification of the system that depends on the fluid flow (at rest or with an inflow). The problem is also coupled to center of pressure position's equation which depends on the hydrofoil position and the fluid flow. The trend of the position presents a singularity when the lift and drag coefficients vanishes at the same time.Last part, the equation that take into account the inhomogeneous characteristic of the fluid at the fluid-structure interface as well as sheet cavitation in steady or unsteady case, was developed. The method allows the separation of the fluid variables when flowing around the fixed hydrofoil on one hand and the flow generated by the hydrofoil vibration one the other. This introduces an asymmetric added mass operator and an added damping operation due to the variation of the density of the fluid at the interface in unsteady case.The whole system results in a natural frequencies and amplitudes modulation over time
Giraud, Moreau Laurence. "Optimisation des systèmes mécaniques : couplage de méthodes déterministes et évolutionnaires par les problèmes en variables mixtes". Troyes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TROY0006.
Texto completoGaraud, Jean-Didier. "Développement de méthodes de couplage aéro-thermo-mécanique pour la prédiction d'instabilités dans les structures aérospatiales chaudes". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00359175.
Texto completoUn moteur de couplage est développé pour gérer les aspects logistiques.
Outre l'indépendance spatiale et temporelle des différents codes, il permet de mettre en place rapidement un algorithme de couplage taillé sur mesure pour chaque application.
L'étude d'une tuyère du moteur Vulcain 2, refroidie par écoulement de gaz, sert de fil conducteur applicatif.
Modélisée à haute température par un comportement non-linéaire élasto-visco-plastique, la mécanique couplée est résolue par un algorithme simple.
Au contraire, la thermique se montre problématique, et nécessite l'utilisation conjointe de deux méthodes originales : un pas de temps automatique de couplage, et des conditions de raccord mixtes.
Ces deux cas sont finalement assemblés pour résoudre la question du couplage à trois codes.
Lefevre, Jonas. "Protocoles de population : une hiérarchie des variantes. Calcul de couplages autostabilisants". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPXX0068.
Texto completoZitouni, Mohammed. "L’étude et l’implémentation des algorithmes de couplages sur des courbes hyperelliptiques sur des corps premiers". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080031.
Texto completoLooking for new groups other than multiplicative group to design more constructive protocols in cryptography became the challenge since 2000. Several groups have emerged such as the group of rational points of an elliptic curve and the Jacobian of a hyperelliptic curve. Furthermore, pairings became even more practical tool to design new protocols in cryptography such as identity-based encryption and short signature. This thesis studies the implementation of pairing algorithms on hyperelliptic curves over prime fields. On the one hand, we regard the choice of the hyperelliptic curves to be used and the construction of genus two hyperelliptic curve of the ordinary Jacobian over a large prime field. On the other hand, we improve the pairing computations on different hyperelliptic curves. Tate pairing are implemented on ordinary Jacobian curves over a large prime field for several security levels. The optimization of the non negligible amount of operations that must be optimised to make the cost of using pairings in cryptography more reasonable. Finally, we give a concrete identity-based encryption scheme using the Tate pairing over genus two hyperelliptic curve
Estibals, Nicolas. "Algorithmes et arithmétique pour l'implémentation de couplages cryptographiques". Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924743.
Texto completoDjefel, Mériem. "Couplage de la configuration de produit et de projet de réalisation : exploitation des approches par contraintes et des algorithmes évolutionnaires". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0064/document.
Texto completoIn the actual context of market the control and optimization of design processes are essential to ensure on the one hand, the reliability and quality of products, on the other hand the development time and costs. This phenomenon involves the constant development of methodologies, in order to improve the diversity and quality of the product and at the same time to shorten their development time and decrease their cost The work presented in this thesis fits into this context and propose to associate products configuration and production process planning. The aim of this work is to provide decision support for the coupling of onfiguration products and the associate production process leveraging two tools of Artificial Intelligence : constraints approaches and evolutionary algorithms. This decision support is presented in two parts. The first part decribes the use of constraints approaches to allow decison-maker to configure product and its production process simultaneously and interactively. For this aim, propagation and filtring techniques are exploited specifically. The second part deals with the use of evolutionary algorithms to optimize the space solutions according to time and cost criteria in order to provide a small set of optimized solutions to the decision-maker. SPEA2 algorithm modified by incorporating filtering methods in its evolutionary operators. All our proposals ara illustrated on an exemple of light aitcraft
Zara, Florence. "Algorithmes parallèles de simulation physique pour la synthèse d'images : application à l'animation de textiles". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005117.
Texto completoJeon, Seyong. "Étude du couplage entre un système de visualisation tridimensionnelle et un modeleur d'objets solides". Compiègne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988COMPD136.
Texto completoJauvart, Damien. "Sécurisation des algorithmes de couplages contre les attaques physiques". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV059/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the resistance of Pairing implementations againstside channel attacks. Pairings have been studied as a cryptographic tool for the pastfifteen years and have been of a growing interest lately. On one hand, Pairings allowthe implementation of innovative protocols such as identity based encryption, attributebased encryption or one round tripartite exchange to address the evolving needs ofinformation systems. On the other hand, the implementation of the pairings algorithmshave become more efficient, allowing their integration into embedded systems.Like for most cryptographic algorithms, side channel attack schemes have beenproposed against Pairing implementations. However most of the schemes describedin the literature so far have had very little validation in practice. In this thesis, westudy the practical feasibility of such attacks by proposing a technique for optimizingcorrelation power analysis on long precision numbers. We hence improve by a factorof 10 the number of side-channel leakage traces needed to recover a 256-bit secret keycompared to what is, to our best knowledge, one of the rare practical implementationsof side channel attacks published. We also propose a horizontal attack, which allow usto attack the twisted Ate pairing using a single trace.In the same way, countermeasures have been proposed to thwart side channel attacks,without any theoretical or practical validation of the efficiency of such countermeasures.We here focus on one of those countermeasures based on coordinatesrandomization and show how a collision attack can be implemented against this countermeasure.As a result, we describe how this countermeasure would have to be implementedto efficiently protect Pairing implementations against side channel attacks.The latter studies raise serious questions about the validation of countermeasures whenintegrated into complex cryptographic schemes like Pairings
Pelletier, Charles. "Etude mathématique du problème de couplage océan-atmosphère incluant les échelles turbulentes". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAM014/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the numerical modelling of the air-sea coupling. Although they share some common features, these two physical environments are sufficiently dissimilar for their numerical treatment to be carried out by distinct models, each including their own specificities. The interactions between these two components are thus taken into account through coupling algorithms.Implementing such algorithms requires proper understanding of the oceanic and atmospheric modelling, most importantly in the vicinity of their common interface. Therefore a substantial part of this thesis dissects, analyzes and completes turbulent parameterization schemes, which are the numerical mechanisms, defined at a continuous level, through which the turbulent surface layer at the vicinity of the sea surface is treated. Two theoretically and numerically meaningful sources of errors in the standard numerical modelling of the air-sea interface have been isolated.The first source of error lies in the continuous formulation of the turbulent parameterizations, which are currently used in an incomplete manner, leading to mathematically irregular solution profiles. By carefully studying their theoretical bases, this thesis extends the parameterizations, allowing them to generate regular profiles within a standardized, bi-domain framework. Numerical investigations on physically relevant test cases show that including such an extension can result in considerable bias (of the order of 20%) in air-sea fluxes evaluations. From a theoretical perspective, carrying this extension leads to establishing simple criteria under which the air-sea coupling can be considered as coherent with respect to the two physical environments, and more importantly, to the turbulent parameterizations.The second source of error is algorithmic in essence: it is linked to the temporal discretization of the coupling mechanisms. Existing ad hoc methods do not guarantee perfect coherence of the air-sea fluxes from one model to the other. Global in time Schwarz algorithms, which have first been developed as domain decomposition methods, are good candidates for correcting these flaws, although their implementation to the air-sea context is a considerable challenge, given the complexity of this problem. Investigations on the numerical impact of such algorithms are carried out on simplified test cases. Thanks to the undertaken work on turbulent parameterizations, perspectives on the development of coupling algorithms are given, regarding both their coherence as per the aforementioned conditions, and the gradually increasing complexity of physical effects that are accounted for
Sochala, Pierre. "Méthodes numériques pour les écoulements souterrains et couplage avec le ruissellement". Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004625.
Texto completoMarcos, Sylvie. "Filtres adaptatifs couples pour transmission de données". Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112001.
Texto completoRolland, Anthony. "Conception d’antennes métallo-diélectriques par optimisation globale basée sur le couplage entre la méthode FDTD et les algorithmes génétiques : étude de configurations 2D et à symétrie de révolution en bande millimétrique". Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1S199.
Texto completoMany applications in radio and telecommunication domain, such as automotive radars and satellite communications, require the development and conception of new antenna systems responding to specific requirements. To cope with these needs and demands, it is necessary to develop advanced numerical tools (CAD tools) for the electromagnetic analysis and optimization. In this frame, the present thesis has been dedicated to the development of full-wave numerical tools based on a combination between the FDTD method and genetic algorithms. Two FDTD analysis kernels have been developed (in 2-D and in cylindrical coordinates – BoR-FDTD) and then combined with a single-objective genetic algorithm in order to analysis and synthesize 2-D and body-of-revolution radiating structures made of metallic and/or dielectric materials (integrated lens antennas, corrected-lens horns, …)
Guerich, Mohamed. "Méthode numérique pour la résolution des problèmes de couplage fluide-structure en maillages incompatibles par les fonctions B-splines cubiques uniformes". Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD819.
Texto completoJean, Philippe. "Une méthode variationnelle par équations intégrales pour la résolution numérique de problèmes intérieurs et extérieurs de couplage élasto-acoustique". Compiègne, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985COMPD012.
Texto completoWronski, Maciej. "Couplage du contact et du frottement avec la mécanique non linéaire des solides en grandes déformations : application à l'étude des blocs de mousse en polyuréthane". Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD712.
Texto completoPanagiotas, Ioannis. "On matchings and related problems in graphs, hypergraphs, and doubly stochastic matrices". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEN068.
Texto completoThis thesis investigates four different and related problems that arise in the area of Combinatorial Scientific Computing (CSC). The connecting link between the four examined problems is the fundamental problem of matching, which asks for the largest set of disjoint edges in a graph or hypergraph. These problems are that of maximum cardinality matching in graphs and hypergraphs, the estimation of the number of perfect matchings in graphs, and the Birkhoff–von Neumann decomposition of doubly stochastic matrices. The study of these problems is motivated by their usefulness in several domains and applications.We examine the four problems both theoretically as well as experimentally. The focus in theory allows us to discuss, analyze, and prove properties of the examined algorithms, while the experimental side of the thesis demonstrates the possible improvements and benefits of using the proposed algorithms and solutions
Konrad, Christian. "Computations on Massive Data Sets : Streaming Algorithms and Two-party Communication". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00859643.
Texto completoWangermez, Maxence. "Méthode de couplage surfacique pour modèles non-compatibles de matériaux hétérogènes : approche micro-macro et implémentation non-intrusive". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASN001.
Texto completoOne of the priority objectives of the aeronautics industry is to reduce the mass of structures while improving their performances. This involves the use of composite materials and the increasing use of digital simulation to optimize structures.The major challenge of this project is to be able to accurately calculate the local variations of the microstructure - for instance detected by tomography and directly modelled from tomogram - on the behavior of an architectured material part. In order to take into account the whole structure and its load effects, a multi-scale approach seems to be a natural choice. Indeed, the related models to the part and its microstructure might use different formalisms according to each scale.In this context, a coupling formulation was proposed in order to replace, in a non-intrusive way, a part of a homogenized macroscopic finite-element model by a local one described at a microscopic level. It is based on a micro-macro separation of interface quantities in the coupling area between the two models. To simplify its use in design offices, a non-intrusive iterative resolution procedure has also been proposed. It allows the implementation of the proposed coupling method in an industrial software environment that often uses closed commercial finite element codes. Different mechanical problems under linear elasticity assumption are proposed. The proposed method is systematically compared with other coupling methods of the literature and the quality of the solutions is quantified compared to a reference one obtained by direct numerical simulation at a fine scale.The main results are promising as they show, for representatives test cases under linear elasticity assumption in two and three-dimensions, solutions that are consistent with first- and second-order homogenization theories. The solutions obtained with the proposed method are systematically the best approximations of the reference solution whereas the methods of the literature are less accurate and shown to be unsuitable to couple non-compatible models.Finally, there are many perspectives due to the different alternatives of the method which could become, in an industrial context, a real analytic tool that aims to introduce a local model described at a fine scale, into a homogenized macroscopic global one
Legry, Martin. "Control of distributed energy resources for primary response of grid-interactive micro-grids". Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I099.
Texto completoThis work focuses on the control of a grid-interactive micro-grid to provide ancillary services to a weak power system, and more particularly a primary frequency and voltage response at the point of common coupling (PCC). The first objective of this thesis is to supervise a micro-grid in order to ensure stable operation while enforcing the economic objectives defined by an external optimizer.Then, a novel three-step methodology has been developed. First, to provide the ancillary services at the PCC, it is necessary to estimate and coordinate the flexibility of heterogeneous equipment such as distributed generators, renewables, storages, etc. An optimization algorithm is proposed for the aggregation of these flexibilities to deduce the maximum active and reactive power flows that the micro-grid can provide. The second step determines the possible behavior of the micro-grid at its PCC. Finally, two new control algorithms have been developed to ensure a droop-like behavior at the PCC. A first solution, based on a centralized Model Predictive Control based supervisor, ensures a real-time adjustment of the set-points. The second one is a distributed solution that determines new primary local control laws for DERs. The effectiveness of the two control architectures has been validated by simulation with a benchmark micro-grid model
Milia, Valentin. "Couplage de modèles de chimie quantique et d'algorithmes haute performance pour l'exploration globale du paysage énergétique de systèmes atomiques et moléculaires". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP095.
Texto completoThe primary aim of this thesis is to develop efficient methods for characterizing molecular conformations at a quantum level. Various methods devoted to the computation of molecular potential energy are reviewed, as well as the most popular potential energy surfaces (PES) global exploration schemes. In this context, a key contribution of this thesis is the coupling of the robotics-inspired Iterative Global exploration and LOcal Optimization (IGLOO) method, implemented in the MoMA software, with the quantum Density-Functional based Tight-Binding (DFTB) potential, implemented in the deMonNano software. The IGLOO algorithm integrates the motion planning Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT) algorithm with local optimization and structural filtering. A proof of concept has been done through the identification of low-energy conformations of the alanine dipeptide.The IGLOO/DFTB coupling has been applied to the mapping of the PES of three close-sized molecules of the phthalate family (dibutyl phthalate DBP, benzyl butyl phthalate BBP and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate DEHP), providing detailed insights into their different conformational landscapes. Various geometrical descriptors have been used to analyze their structure-energy relationships. Coulomb interactions, steric hindrance, and dispersive interactions have been found to drive the geometric properties and a strong correlation has been evidenced between the two dihedral angles describing the side-chains orientation of the phthalate molecules. The results demonstrate the method's capability to identify low-energy minima without prior knowledge of the PES.Furthermore, an innovative algorithm for the large-scale generation of molecular structures, including a conformational variety, is presented. It combines molecular graph generation with atom or fragment addition techniques. It is applied to provide an extensive database of 3D structures of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-CH) molecules. The analysis of the database generated in this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between the geometrical and electronic descriptors of a-C:H structures. These properties are compared with those of compact Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and linear chains, representing limit cases.Finally, a review is given on methods aiming at identifying saddle points and transition paths between low-energy conformations on the PES. A first step toward the identification of transition paths between low-energy conformations using a motion planning algorithm, known as Transition-based Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (T-RRT), is presented. A similarity measure, designated as the Symmetrized Segment-Path Distance (SSPD), is used to compare the generated trajectories. Subsequently, a clustering technique, namely the Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA), is employed to group similar trajectories in order to identify the common pathways, thereby providing valuable insights into the dynamics of conformational changes. The methodology has been successfully applied to the identification of low-energy paths between two minima of the alanine dipeptide PES.Overall, the research presents significant advancements in the exploration of complex molecular PES at a quantum level including (i) the IGLOO/DFTB coupling (ii) a novel algorithm for 3D structure generation of large-scale molecules and (iii) an original scheme allowing for the identification of multiple transition paths. Correlations between the structural, energetic and electronic properties have been evidenced for the polluting phthalate molecules and astrophysically relevant hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-CH) molecules. These contributions pave the way for future research, aiming to extend these methods to larger and more complex systems
Landajuela, Larma Mikel. "Coupling schemes and unfitted mesh methods for fluid-structure interaction". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066053/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is devoted to the numerical approximation of mechanical systems involving the interaction of a deformable thin-walled structure with an internal or surrounding incompressible fluid flow. In the first part, we introduce two new classes of explicit coupling schemes using fitted meshes. The methods proposed combine a certain Robin-consistency in the system with (i) a projection-based time-marching in the fluid or (ii) second-order time-stepping in both the fluid and the solid. The stability properties of the methods are analyzed within representative linear settings. This part includes also a comprehensive numerical study in which state-of-the-art coupling schemes (including some of the methods proposed herein) are compared and validated against the results of an experimental benchmark. In the second part, we consider unfitted mesh formulations. The spatial discretization in this case is based on variants of Nitsche’s method with cut elements. We present two new classes of splitting schemes which exploit the aforementioned interface Robin-consistency in the unfitted framework. The semi-implicit or explicit nature of the splitting in time is dictated by the order in which the spatial and time discretizations are performed. In the case of the coupling with immersed structures, weak and strong discontinuities across the interface are allowed for the velocity and pressure, respectively. Stability and error estimates are provided within a linear setting. A series of numerical tests illustrates the performance of the different methods proposed
Vandekerkhove, Pierre. "Identification de l'ordre des processus ARMA stables : contribution à l'étude statistique des chaînes de Markov cachées". Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20115.
Texto completoGoumri-Said, Souraya. "Contribution à l'étude de la formation des images optiques en microscopie champ proche optique : effet de la sonde en deux dimensions". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007470.
Texto completoWagner, Frédéric. "Redistribution de données à travers un réseau à haut débit". Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011705.
Texto completorégulièrement des données. Un tel échange s'effectue par une redistribution de données. Nous étudions comment effectuer une telle redistribution le plus efficacement possible en minimisant temps de communication et congestion du réseau.
Nous utilisons pour ce faire, une modélisation du problème à l'aide de graphes bipartis. Le modèle choisi permet une prise en compte du délai d'initialisation des communications, des différentes bandes passantes et impose une limite d'une communication simultanée par interface réseau (modèle 1-port) et de k communications simultanées sur la dorsale.
Nous effectuons une validation expérimentale du modèle puis l'utilisons pour développer deux algorithmes d'ordonnancement
des communications. Nous montrons que chacun d'entre eux
est un algorithme d'approximation garantissant un temps d'exécution dans le pire des cas 8/3 fois plus élevé que le temps optimal.
Nous concluons l'étude de ces algorithmes par une série d'expériences démontrant de bonnes performances en pratique.
Enfin, nous étendons le problème initial au cas de grappes hétérogènes :
ce cas imposant de sortir du modèle 1-port, nous montrons comment modifier nos algorithmes pour en tirer parti.
Nous étudions également le cas de redistributions exécutées en régime permanent sur un réseau d'une topologie plus complexe autorisant les communications locales.
Trihandoyo, Agus. "Contributions à la conception et à la réalisation d'un serveur multimédia interactif à travers la ligne téléphonique". Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD898.
Texto completoRukavina, Ivan. "Cyber-physics intrinsic modelling for smart systems". Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. http://bibliotheque.utc.fr/EXPLOITATION/doc/IFD/2021COMP2581.
Texto completoIn this thesis, a multi-scale and multi-physics coupling computation procedure for a 2D and 3D setting is presented. When modeling the behavior of a structure by a multi-scale method, the macro-scale is used to describe the homogenized response of the structure, and the micro-scale to describe the details of the behavior on the smaller scale of the material where some inelastic mechanisms, like damage or plasticity, can be taken into account. The micro-scale mesh is defined for each macro-scale element in a way to fit entirely inside it. The two scales are coupled by imposing a constraint on the displacement field over their interface. The computation is performed using the operator split solution procedure on both scales, using the standard finite element method. In a 2D setting, an embedded discontinuity is implemented in the Q4 macroscale element to capture the softening behavior happening on the micro-scale. For the micro-scale element, a constant strain triangle (CST) is used. In a 3D setting, a macro-scale tetrahedral and hexahedral elements are developed, while on the micro-scale Timoshenko beam finite elements are used. This multi-scale methodology is extended with a multi-physics functionality, to simulate the behavior of a piezoelectric material. An additional degree of freedom (voltage) is added on the nodes of the 3D macro-scale tetrahedral and hexahedral elements. For the micro-scale element, a Timoshenko beam element with added polarization switching model is used. Also, a multi-scale Hellinger- Reissner formulation for electrostatics has been developed and implemented for a simple electrostatic patch test. For implementing the proposed procedure, Finite Element Analysis Program (FEAP) is used. To simulate the behavior on both macro and micro-scale, FEAP is modified and two different version of FEAP code are implemented – macroFEAP and microFEAP. For coupling, the two codes are exchanging information between them, and Component Template Library (CTL) is used. The capabilities of the proposed multi-scale approach in a 2D and 3D pure mechanics settings, but also multi-physics environment have been shown. The theoretical formulation and algorithmic implementation are described, and the advantages of the multi-scale approach for modeling heterogeneous materials are shown on several numerical examples
Guérin, Nicolas. "Analyse thermomécanique du contact aube-stator : approches numérique et expérimentale". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEC043.
Texto completoThe constant need for efficiency and lightweightness of aeroengines demands OEM continued efforts to open design domain. In particular, operations clearances between static and rotating parts of modern engines become narrower, leading to better efficiencies. However, lighter components generally have lower stiffnesses, causing a growth in dynamic phenomena participation in the engines life-cycle. Mutli-physics coupling effects are aggravated in the same manner, whether they are of thermomechanical or aeroelastic nature. In this context, it is therefore crucial to improve design tools so as to predict more accurately the operational conditions of the engine components, with a general objective to cut down development and operational costs, while ensuring engine reliability and passenger safety. This thesis closely follows previous work on blade–casing contacts, all aimed at modelling more accurately the underlying more and more complex phenomena and structures. The main objective of this work has been to introduce a model for the thermal phenomena occurring during contacts at the interface between rotating and static parts, based on industrial geometries of components, which are set in a test rig. Due to the sophistication of the parts, the addition of these phenomena in the model had to be performed while paying attention to high simulation constraints. In other words, a trade-off had to be found between speed and precision of the computations. Finally a correlation phase was to be performed between simulations and experimental trials was to be performed to assess the relevance of the proposed numerical tools. During this thesis, a modification and a new instrumentation of the CASTOR test rig were performed. Multiple contact trials were carried out, during which vibratory and thermal behavior of the components were measured. In parallel to these experimental operations, multiple numerical developments were tackled. Among them, a model reduction methodology of thermoelastic models of turbo-engine centrifugal compressors was developed. Also, multiple time-stepping procedures, originally dedicated to solve contact problems in a purely mechanical context, we extended to perform thermomechanical computations. Several complications were removed taking advantage of advanced methods stemming from the non-smooth dynamics community. Eventually, simulations were performed with diverse setups to both show the capabilities of the numerical tool as well as confront numerical results and experimental observations
Fontana, Ilaria. "Interface problems for dam modeling". Thesis, Université de Montpellier (2022-….), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UMONS020.
Texto completoEngineering teams often use finite element numerical simulations for the design, study and analysis of the behavior of large hydraulic structures. For concrete structures, models of increasing complexity must be able to take into account the nonlinear behavior of discontinuities at the various interfaces located in the foundation, in the body of the dam or at the interface between structure and foundation. Besides representing the nonlinear mechanical behavior of these interfaces (rupture, sliding, contact), one should also be able to take into account the hydraulic flow through these openings.In this thesis, we first focus on the topic of interface behavior modeling, which we address through the Cohesive Zone Model (CZM). This model was introduced in various finite element codes (with the joint elements), and it is a relevant approach to describe the physics of cracking and friction problems at the geometrical discontinuities level. Although initially the CZM was introduced to take into account the phenomenon of rupture, we show in this thesis that it can be extended to sliding problems by possibly relying on the elasto-plastic formalism coupled to the damage. In addition, nonlinear hydro-mechanical constitutive relations can be introduced to model the notion of crack opening and the coupling with the laws of fluid flow. At the mechanical level, we work in the Standard Generalized Materials (SGM) framework, which provides a class of models automatically satisfying some thermodynamical principles, while having good mathematical and numerical properties that are useful for robust numerical modeling. We adapt the formalism of volumetric SGM to the interface zones description. In this first part of the thesis, we present our developpements under the hypothesis of SGM adapted to CZM, capable of reproducing the physical phenomena observed experimentally: rupture, friction, adhesion.In practice, nonlinearities of behavior of interface zones are dominated by the presence of contact, which generates significant numerical difficulties for the convergence of finite element computations. The development of efficient numerical methods for the contact problem is thus a key stage for achieving the goal of robust industrial numerical simulators. Recently, the weak enforcement of contact conditions à la Nitsche has been proposed as a mean to reduce numerical complexity. This technique displays several advantages, among which the most important for our work are: 1) it can handle a wide range of conditions (slip with or without friction, no interpenetration, etc.); 2) it lends itself for a rigorous a posteriori error analysis. This scheme based on the weak contact conditions represents in this work the starting point for the a posteriori error estimation via equilibrated stress reconstruction. This analysis is then used to estimate the different error components (e.g., spatial, nonlinear), and to develop an adaptive resolution algorithm, as well as stopping criteria for iterative solvers and the automatic tuning of possible numerical parameters.The main goal of this thesis is thus to make the finite element numerical simulation of structures with geometrical discontinuities robust. We address this question from two angles: on one side, we revisit the existing methods for the crack representation working on the mechanical constitutive relation for joints; on the other, we introduce a new a posteriori method for the contact problem and we propose its adaptation for the generic interface models
Papaiz, Garbini Gabriel. "Contribution au calcul des élévations de potentiel de sol en contexte ferroviaire". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112098/document.
Texto completoThe railway electrical system is composed of multiple metallic conductors of different kinds and having, for most of them, the particularity of being very long in comparison with its perpendicular dimensions. This set of conductors is integrated in a complex environment composed of many other elements, such as power transmission lines, pipelines, telecommunication lines, but also houses, people, rivers, farms, etc. To assure its electromagnetic compatibility with its environment, it is important to restrict the level of hazardous electromagnetic emissions coming from railway system that could disturb neighboring systems or risk people’s safety. At the same time, it is important that railway system is immunized against electromagnetic emissions coming from its neighbor, in order to assure the correct functioning of railway installations and the safety of passengers and staff. Among the different kinds of electromagnetic perturbations, the Ground Potential Rising (GPR) deserves a special treatment. The natural ground is a conductor environment of great size. It is often used to drain excessive electric charges from systems, and also as an environment allowing electrical charges exchange between systems in different electrical potential.Protections are then systematically deployed in order to limit the impact of GPR on neighboring elements. In the case of railway system, these protections have a very high cost of installation and maintenance. They must be optimized on a case to case basis, in order to assure security of people and equipments but also to be affordable.The majority of methods to calculate GPR don’t allow the integration of the complex electric environment of the ground. Most of them integrate the ground in a passive way, most of the time being a homogeneous ground.In this regard, we propose a new method of GPR calculation, more complete so more precise than what is used today. This method allows the integration into the model of a heterogeneous multilayer ground, built after measurements that have to be done on a case to case basis. The presence of buried conductors in the area of the GPR is also taken into account in a multiconductor model, which integrates at the same time all the conductors inside the zone.The method that we developed gets its full meaning when applied to GPR in railway context, thanks to the presence of many buried cables in the same environment. This approach is based on a hybrid method that takes into account induction and conduction phenomena in a multiconductor system and integrating a multilayer ground. This kind of approach has already been used in the calculation of electromagnetic induction between a power line and a pipeline. We first validated our method by calculating GPR in simple configurations. We then applied our calculations in order to calculate GPR in a railway context, which was then compared with measurements
Bergougnoux, Benjamin. "Matrix decompositions and algorithmic applications to (hyper)graphs". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC025/document.
Texto completoIn the last decades, considerable efforts have been spent to characterize what makes NP-hard problems tractable. A successful approach in this line of research is the theory of parameterized complexity introduced by Downey and Fellows in the nineties.In this framework, the complexity of a problem is not measured only in terms of the input size, but also in terms of a parameter on the input.One of the most well-studied parameters is tree-width, a graph parameter which measures how close a graph is to the topological structure of a tree.It appears that tree-width has numerous structural properties and algorithmic applications.However, only sparse graph classes can have bounded tree-width.But, many NP-hard problems are tractable on dense graph classes.Most of the time, this tractability can be explained by the ability of these graphs to be recursively decomposable along vertex bipartitions $(A,B)$ where the adjacency between $A$ and $B$ is simple to describe.A lot of graph parameters -- called width measures -- have been defined to characterize this ability, the most remarkable ones are certainly clique-width, rank-width, and mim-width.In this thesis, we study the algorithmic properties of these width measures.We provide a framework that generalizes and simplifies the tools developed for tree-width and for problems with a constraint of acyclicity or connectivity such as Connected Vertex Cover, Connected Dominating Set, Feedback Vertex Set, etc.For all these problems, we obtain $2^{O(k)}\cdot n^{O(1)}$, $2^{O(k \log(k))}\cdot n^{O(1)}$, $2^{O(k^2)}\cdot n^{O(1)}$ and $n^{O(k)}$ time algorithms parameterized respectively by clique-width, Q-rank-width, rank-width and mim-width.We also prove that there exists an algorithm solving Hamiltonian Cycle in time $n^{O(k)}$, when a clique-width decomposition of width $k$ is given.Finally, we prove that we can count in polynomial time the minimal transversals of $\beta$-acyclic hypergraphs and the minimal dominating sets of strongly chordal graphs.All these results offer promising perspectives towards a generalization of width measures and their algorithmic applications