Artículos de revistas: "Alcoholic beveragesin art"

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Jan Nelken. "Ideas on counteracting alcohol and drug addiction in Poland between the two world wars". Archives of Criminology, n.º XIV (8 de abril de 1987): 201–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7420/ak1987f.

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The birth of the independent Poland in 1918 activated a social movement against alcoholism and drug addiction. In 1919, the Polish Society for Fighting Alcoholism ,,Trzeźwość'' ("Sobriety'') was established which operated nationwide and which in the period between the two wars became the main factor of fighting alcoholism. In the light of the Statute of "Trzeźwość" and resolutions of the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses, as well as the postulates of psychiatrists, the ideas of how to fight alcoholism included three spheres: a. anti-alcoholic legislation and its practical enforcement; b. anti-alcoholic propaganda and education; c. treatment of alcoholics. In 1919, a draft was submitted to the Diet that proposed a total prohibition of production and sale of alcoholic beverages. It was referred to a Diet commission which subsequently changed its contents. Then. The Diet passed an Act of 23 April 1920 on restrictions in sale of alcoholic beverages. The Act, based on a concept of partial prohibition. Introduced considerable restrictions in sale of beverages containing over 2.5 per cent of pure alcohol, and a total prohibition of sale of beverages with over 45 per cent alcohol. Moreover, the sale of alcohol was prohibited to workers on paydays and holidays, as well as at markets, fairs, church fairs, pilgrimages, on trains and at railway stations. According to the Act, each rural or urban commune could introduce on its territory a total prohibition of sale of alcoholic beverages by voting. The Act limited the number of places where alcohol could be sold or served to one per 2,500 of the population all over the country. A licence issued by administrative authorities was required to sell or serve alcohol. The statutory instrument to this Act created commissions for fighting alcoholism of the 1st and 2nd instances which were to supervise the compliance to the Act of 1920 and to impose penalties provided for the infringement of its provisions. The commissions consisted of representatives of the State administration and social organizations engaged in fighting alcoholism. Moreover, the Act of 2l January 1922 introduced a penalty of fine or arrest for being drunk in public. A person who brought another person to the state of intoxication was also liable to these penalties. The complete execution of the anti-alcoholic Act met with obstacles: for instance, alcohol was secretly served on the days of prohibition (e.g. during fairs). The Act of 31 July 1924 established the Polish Spirit Monopoly (P.M.S.). The production of spirit and pure vodka thus became a State monopoly' Production and sale of the P.M.S. beverages increased gradually as it constituted an important source of the State revenue. For this reason. a new anti-alcoholic Act of 21 March 1931 was passed which greatly reduced the restrictions in the sale of alcohol as compared with former regulations. A further reduction in these restrictions resulted from Acts of 1932 and 1934. The P.M.S. Board of Directors argued that a growth in production was necessary to suppress illegal distilling of alcohol the products of which were imperfectly rectified and threatened the health of the population. Instead according to the conception of "Trzeźwość’’ and other social organizations engaged in fighting alcoholism. illegal distilling of alcohol should be detected and suppresed by the police while it was in the interest of the health and morals of the population to curtail greatly the sale of alcohol and for this reason it was necessary to reintroduce the anti-alcoholic Act of 1920 However, in consideration of the State's fiscal interests. the Act was not reintroduced and the other Acts that extended the production and sale of the P.M.S. products were only replaced after World War II. According to the ideas of ,,Trzeźwość'' and other organizations fighting alcoholism, anti-alcoholic propaganda and education should be made by professionals and have a wide range, since it is impossible to fight alcoholism without informing the population of the harmful effects of alcohol. Guidelines for this activity were worked out at the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses of which there were seven in the period between the wars. Besides, in 1937 the 21st International Anti-Alcoholic Congress took place in Warsaw during which the Polish draft of an international anti-alcoholic convention was Supported. The draft provided a considerable limitation of alcohol sale, a regulation of penal liability for offences and transgressions committed in the state of intoxication, and lectures on alcohology in schools. The states signatories to the convention would be called upon to pass acts consistent with the content of the convention. The work on this draft was stopped by the outbreak of the war. The resolutions of the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses demanded lectures on alcohology in all types of schools, at teachers courses and at specialist courses for employees of various departments, the Ministry in of Communication particular. The range of alcohology taught at schools should be conformed to the type of school and the general knowledge or students. The postulate of teaching alcohology in schools was partly realized and courses were organized for railway employees by the Abstainer Railwaymen League. At the State School of Hygiene in Warsaw a several days course in alcohology was organized every year in which 200--300 persons participated, mainly teachers, physicians and clergymen of various denominations. Besides, ,,Trzeźwość'' organized travelling exhibitions that made tours of towns to show the harmful effects of alcoholism. The Abstainer Railwaymen League organized, an exhibition in a railway carriage which was visited by many thousands of persons at railway stations in different parts of the country. A lecturer on alcohology was employed to have talks during the exhibition. In early February every year a nationwide Sobriety Propagation Week was organized. Various publications were also brought out which demonstrated the harmful effects of alcohol and the ways of fighting alcoholism, both scientific and those for general use. Treatment of alcoholics was postulated; it was carried out in closed hospital wards or in out-patient clinics. The former was more effective; however it was less frequently applied as compared with the out-patient treatment since there were no provisions which would legalize compulsory treatment of alcoholics and drug addicts and it was easier to obtain the patient's consent to treatment in a clinic than in a hospital. Compulsory treatment was only possible if the court applied medical security measures in cases of offences connected with abuse of alcohol or drugs. (Art. 82 of the Penal code of 1932). The mental hygiene, movement, initiated in Poland in the early thirties, resulted in a growth in the number of clinics engaged in prevention and treatment, that is in a development of treatment of alcoholics in specialized anti-alcoholic clinics. The necessity of taking the children of alcoholics under educational and medical indicated. An important part is this field fell to social nurses attached to the clinics whose task was among other things to bring the alcoholics children to the clinic and see to their medical treatment if necessary. The organization of special schools for mentally deficient and morally neglected children, whose parents were frequently alcoholics, was also initiated. Psychiatrists demanded an elaboration and introduction of an act on compulsory treatment of alcoholics and drug addicts, organization of special wards for notorious alcoholics in mental hospitals, prolongation of treatment from 6 to 12 months (which was considered particularly necessary in the case of chronic alcoholism), a joint alcoholism and psychiatric treatment if required, in the case of alcohol psychosis in particular, and check-up of the cured alcoholics and drug addicts. In Poland drug addiction has never reached the proportions of alcoholism. Its most frequent forms were morphinism and cocainism. Its fighting was facilitated by the passing of an Act of June 23, 1923 which prohibited production, processing, export. import. storage of and any trade in all drugs. For infringement of the Act, penalties of fine and up to 5 years deprivation of liberty were provided. However, there was no act to legalize compulsory treatment of drug addicts. They could only be treated in closed hospital wards since in the case of drug addiction, out-patient treatment was considered to be ineffective. In 1931, the Polish Committee for Drugs and Prevention of Drug Addiction was set up as, an advisory body attached to the Minister of Health and Social Welfare, which consisted mainly of physicians and chemists. In order to fight drug addiction effectively, increased detection of export and sale of drugs was postulated as well as supervision of prescriptions and of obtaining drugs on prescription at chemist's. Chemists were compelled to keep a special book of in- and out-goings of drugs which could only be sold on prescription for therapeutical purposes. Attenton was drawn to the necessity of an instruction, to be passed by the Minister of Internal Affairs, according to which the production of doctors seals and forms would only be possible on presentation of the identity card, since drug addicts used to order seals and forms bearing names of famous practitioners. Medical check-up of released prisoners who had been cured of drug addiction when serving their sentences was also postulated. In consequence of the spread of ether drinking in the Upper Silesia in 1936, a wide-range operation was carried out which consisted in a vigorous fight against smuggling and sale of ether (which was mainly smuggled from Germany) and in informing the population as to the harmful effects of ether drinking.

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Comper, Emily, Adriana Macena, Laerson Andrade, Marluce Siqueira y Flávia Portugal. "Suicide among Alcoholics in an Outpatient Service". International Journal of Psychology and Neuroscience 8, n.º 2 (31 de agosto de 2022): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.56769/ijpn08204.

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Alcoholism is a growing problem throughout Brazil, consumption excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages generates physical, psychological, family and professionals. Among the mental disorders caused by alcoholism, depression and the suicide attempt. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 300 Millions of people live with depression. For alcoholic patients, the presence of symptoms depression is a risk factor for relapse. Suicide is one of the leading causes of death violence all over the world. Alcohol-dependent individuals are at greater risk of trying to suicide, as well as for the consummation of the act. Objective: To identify the presence of depression, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in alcoholics treated at an outpatient service. Method: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in an outpatient service of a university hospital. Users attended from June 2016 to June 2017 were surveyed. Inclusion criteria: users diagnosed with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome [SDA]. Data were obtained through analysis of medical records. Statistical analysis was performed by selecting the following variables: sex, age, marital status, education, city, religion, profession, living with the family, suicide attempt, suicidal ideation and depression. Results: Of the 139 medical records selected, 31 users (22.3%) had suicidal ideation, 14 (10.1%) had attempted suicide and 27 (19.4%) had a diagnosis of depression. A greater association of women with suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and depression was found. People up to 50 years old were more likely to attempt suicide and individuals with higher education are more likely to attempt suicide and depression. Conclusion: Alcoholism is closely related to suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and depression. In this context, the present study made it possible to identify the presence of these symptoms in alcoholics treated at an outpatient service. Keywords: Alcoholism, Suicide, Depression.

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R.A.N., Rani, y Hemavathy, V. "Coping Strategies To Promote Self Esteem In Alcoholism". CARDIOMETRY, n.º 24 (30 de noviembre de 2022): 960–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2022.24.960964.

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The intake of alcoholic beverages is a huge social issue. Worldwide, an estimated 2.3 billion individuals consume alcohol, with an average daily consumption of 33 grammes of pure alcohol. Self-esteem is a measure of one’s self-awareness and sense of personal worth. The process of behaving and then thinking about acts, as well as how others interpret actions, shapes one’s self-perception. Self-esteem refers to how we feel about ourselves and how much we regard ourselves. Alcoholism has far-reaching consequences and might result in mental health issues. One of the most typical effects found in alcoholics is the development of poor self-esteem. This term refers to a person’s total subjective sentiments of personal worth and value. It has a wide range of effects. It has an impact on a variety aspect of life, including substance abuse and recovery. The majority of alcoholics have a low sense of self-esteem. They have struggled to cope with their lives and frequently have significant emotional, family, social, and occupational issues, as well as financial, legal, and sexual issues. Coping is frequently studied in terms of its potential to reduce negative consequences. Coping skills can also help you achieve more favourable results.

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Wagner, Eileen N. "The alcoholic beverages labeling act of 1988". Journal of Legal Medicine 12, n.º 2 (junio de 1991): 167–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01947649109510850.

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Carneiro, Élida Mara, Helia Morais Nomelini de Assis, Livia Figueira Avezum Oliveira, Maria de Fátima Borges, Maria de Fátima Borges, Naruna Pereira Rocha y Raquel Afonso Oliveira. "Alchool use, adherence to antiretroviral treatment, immunological and virological parameters, surviral and religiosity/spirituality among persons living with HIV - over 4 Years". Research, Society and Development 11, n.º 16 (16 de diciembre de 2022): e526111637992. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i16.37992.

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Religiosity and spirituality have been associated with healthier behaviors and less depression in people living with HIV (PLWH) who attend monthly religious services. However, studies evaluating hospitalized patients and follow-up adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of religiosity/spirituality on alcohol and substance use, depression, ART, immunological and virological parameters, hospitalizations, hospital costs, and survival among 84 PLWH hospitalized. Cohort with a follow-up of 4 years. The findings of this study show that patients with less use of alcoholic beverages are more likely to practice individual religious activities. Higher CD4 cell counts, lower viral load counts during hospitalization, better adherence to ART, and lower mortality over 4 years are associated high intrinsic religiosity in PLWH. Practice individual religious activities are associated with less use of alcoholic beverages, and spirituality with better adherence to ART, and lower mortality. In view of the benefits shown in this study and the literature, spiritual complementary approaches should be encouraged in hospitals and health institutions as an integrative approach to health.

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Nwalieji Okafor, Vincent, Daniel Omeodisemi Omokpariola, Matthew Onyema Agu, Collins Chibuzor Odidika, Chiamaka Valerine Okabekwa, Lilian Chiamaka Ogbuo y Mary Cynthia Chizoba Obiatuegwu. "Assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in alcoholic beverages consumed in Awka, Southeast Nigeria". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 37, n.º 4 (12 de mayo de 2023): 805–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.1.

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ABSTRACT. The aim of this investigation was to assess the presence of 16 PAHs (naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, anthracene, phenanthrene fluoranthene, benz[a]anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, benzo[ghi]perylene, and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene with symbols Nap, Ace, Ane, Flu, Ant, Phe, Flt, BaA, Pyr, Chr, BbF, BkF, BaP, DahA, BghiP and InP, respectively) in alcoholic beverages consumed in Awka, Southeast Nigeria. The samples used were sourced from international, national, and local-based alcoholic beverages sold in Nigeria, which were analysed for the 16 priority PAHs components using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) in order to quantify and offer advice to the public on the health implications of consuming these alcoholic beverages. The results show the absence of all the PAHs in all the alcoholic beverages, which could be due to lower temperature and shorter production duration utilized in the production process. This is because during the intense heating of raw materials or additives, PAHs are released. Therefore, the consumption of these alcoholic beverages is safe for consumers and poses no health risk that is detrimental to adults or children. As such, further research into other micropollutants and toxins is advocated to maintain current good manufacturing practices for quality. KEY WORDS: Alcoholic beverages, Food analysis, Public health, PAHs, GC-FID, Southeast Nigeria Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 805-815. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.1

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Popovicova, M., J. Sulcova y R. Barta. "Alcoholism – Epidemic of the Current Time after COVID-19 Pandemic (Letter to the Editor)". Clinical Social Work and Health Intervention 13, n.º 6 (30 de noviembre de 2022): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22359/cswhi_13_6_02.

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Introduction: Harmful consumption of alcohol has a serious impact on public health and is considered as one of the main risk factors for health damage and disease on a global level. Increased consumption of alcohol is dangerous at any age; however, a greater risk has been shown at younger age. For this reason, our research has been focused on the consumption of alcoholic beverages among adolescents. Objective: We investigated the attitudes of students in relation to alcohol consumption. Material and methodology: To obtain necessary information, we used existing available professional literature and a non-standardized questionnaire. For the defined research goal, we included in the research group older elementary school students and high school students. 272 respondents took overall part in the research. To test the hypotheses, we used Pearson's chi-square test of independence, Student's t-test and one-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA test - non-parametric version). Results: The results showed significant differences in alcohol consumption between smokers and non-smokers of elementary school students and high school students. In the observed group, today's generation of young people and teenagers have almost equal experiences with alcohol, whereas boys have a slightly higher drinking frequency. We also confirmed the connection between the frequency of consumption of alcoholic beverages and smoking. Regarding prevention, girls perceive a higher prevention than boys, but the subjective rate of alcoholism prevention importance is not age related. Conclusion: Of all the negative phenomena of modern human society, alcoholism is the most dangerous, due to its massive distribution. Therefore, prevention at primary level is to be taken seriously, which emphasizes a controlled consumption of alcohol. Considering the unfavorable statistical indicators of the increased alcohol consumption, especially in case of women, it is necessary to create long-term selective preventive programs.

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Lee, Hwa-Seon. "The alcoholic beverages of the royal banquet and Gyobang of the Joseon Dynasty". Korean Society of Gyobang and Culture 3, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2023): 9–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.58936/gcr.2023.6.3.1.9.

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The purpose of this thesis is to examine alcoholic beverages and its brewing method, which are the main components of the banquets of the royal court and Gyobang during the Joseon Dynasty. As a research method for this purpose, the aspects of alcoholic beverages and folklore shown in court banquets were compared and analyzed through a classic cooking book of the Joseon Dynasty. Among the subjects of the study, ‘Soju’, which was used at the 60th birthday party of Hyegyeonggung Hong during the reign of King Jeongjo, as the alcoholic beverage that appeared in the royal banquet, and makgeolli in the Yeongnam region were examined as alcoholic beverage that appeared in the table setting of the Gyobang banquet. In particular, in the course of the research, it was revealed that the alcoholic beverage called ‘Hyangonju’, which has been handed down in the private sector, was derived from the common noun ‘Hyangon’, which means the alcoholic beverage that the king gave in the royal court. On the other hand, before and after 1910, Gyobang's artistic culture led to the ‘Gisaeng association’ and ‘Gwonbeon’, and the aspects of alcohol that appeared in Gyobang's food culture were examined, focusing on Gyeongnam-affiliated newspapers and magazines, with examples of synthetic sake and beer advertisements in the Jinju region. It is a representative center of Gyobang art and culture, and it has been called ‘Pyongyang in the north and Jinju in the south’.

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Rukmono, Bambang Sugeng, Rian Saputra, Pujiyono Suwadi, Narendra Jatna y Joko Probowinarto. "Arrangement Registration of Geographical Indications of Traditional Alcoholic Beverages in Indonesia Based Multiculturalism". Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 17, n.º 6 (7 de julio de 2023): e03253. http://dx.doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n6-001.

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Purpose: The purpose of this article is to provide an avenue for the regulatory model of GI registration in traditional alcoholic beverage products based on multiculturalism. Method: This study is a normative legal study that employs a comparative legal approach, with Malaysia and Turkey serving as comparison material. Results and conclusion: The findings revealed that Indonesia, as a state and nation, has a diverse population, ethnicities, and cultures, all of which have different values and norm systems. The prohibition of traditional alcoholic beverages from being protected under the GI regime undoubtedly has an economic impact on these communities. This must be addressed as soon as possible. In this article, the author provides a regulatory model that exemplifies the Malaysian state as stipulated in the Malaysian Geographical Indication Act 2000, so that traditional Indonesian alcoholic beverages can be protected through the GI regime by revising Article 56 paragraph 1 letter an of Law 20/2016 to be a registration of GI products acceptable as long as they meet the requirements “not contrary to public order or morality”. Research implications: This has implications for a variety of traditional Indonesian alcoholic beverages that are not protected under the GI regime. Examining traditional alcoholic beverages is a sensitive and contentious issue, given that alcoholic beverages, whether traditional or non-traditional, are classified as illegitimate in Indonesia, a country with a Muslim majority population. Originality/value: The first affirms the respect for cultural identity and the state's right to ensure society's freedom in maintaining and developing its cultural values in the midst of the country's efforts to advance national culture in the midst of world civilization.”

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Cravero, Maria Carla, Monica Laureati, Sara Spinelli, Federica Bonello, Erminio Monteleone, Cristina Proserpio, Maria Rosa Lottero, Ella Pagliarini y Caterina Dinnella. "Profiling Individual Differences in Alcoholic Beverage Preference and Consumption: New Insights from a Large-Scale Study". Foods 9, n.º 8 (17 de agosto de 2020): 1131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9081131.

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Alcoholic beverage consumption plays an important role in European culture, and in many contexts drinking alcohol is socially acceptable and considered part of the diet. Understanding the determinants of alcohol preference and consumption is important not only for disease prevention, intervention, and policy management, but also for market segmentation, product development, and optimization. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of individual responsiveness to various oral sensations on self-reported liking and intake of 14 alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages (including beers, wines, spirits, and cocktails) considering gender, age, and oral responsiveness (measured through response to 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil -PROP, basic tastes, astringency, and pungency) in a large sample of Italian consumers. Data were collected from 2388 respondents (age range 18–60 years; mean age = 37.6, SD = 13.1; 58.2% women). These results indicate that notwithstanding the strong gender difference, with women generally liking and consuming fewer alcoholic beverages than men, liking patterns in the two genders were similar. Three liking patterns for different alcoholic beverages largely driven by orosensory properties were identified in both genders. “Spirit-lovers” constituted the smallest group (12%), consumed alcoholic beverages of any kind (not only spirits) more than the other segments, and were mainly men aged 30–45. “Beer/wine lovers” (44%) were the oldest group with no difference by gender. “Mild-drink lovers” (44%) liked alcoholic drinks with intense sweet taste and/or mixers that moderate ethanol perception. They were mainly women, aged 18–29, had a lower consumption of alcohol, and a higher orosensory responsiveness than the other two groups. The results also suggest the opportunity to develop personalized recommendations towards specific consumer segments based not only on socio-demographics but considering also perceptive variables. Finally, our data suggest that increased burning and bitterness from alcohol may act as a sensory hindrance to alcoholic beverage overconsumption.

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Jaworska-Dębska, Barbara. "Miejsce i rola współdziałania gmin w sferze władczej na rzecz przeciwdziałania alkoholizmowi". Acta Iuridica Resoviensia 34, n.º 3 (2021): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/actaires.2021.3.7.

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The great importance of the tasks undertaken by communes in the sphere of authority in the field of counteracting alcoholism and their decisive importance for the shape of the model of limiting the availability of alcohol in the commune mean that they should be implemented using both a broad and deep perspective. The instrument for obtaining this perspective is cooperation, which was noticed by the legislator and regulated in the Alcohol Act, placing it among others. in the broadly understood decision-making sphere, including both the making and the application of law. However, the analysis of the legal regulations of the forms of this cooperation provided for in the Alcohol Act provides many critical remarks. Critical remarks on the statutory regulation of the institution of cooperation in the law-making process in communes indicate shortcomings that can be corrected under the amendment. However the assessment of the legal regulation of cooperation in the procedure of issuing permits for the sale of alcoholic beverages is clearly negative. Its substitution by a new regulation should be based on its clear vision.

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Chyshko, K. O. "Theoretical and legal perspective on the content of the objectivity of Article 178 of the Ukrainian Code of Administrative Offences: thesis, antithesis, arguments, presentation". Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 101, n.º 2 (P. 1) (2 de julio de 2023): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/v.2023.2.12.

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The article is structured according to the elements of the logical operation of “proof”, which includes the following elements. Thesis: it is impossible to bring a person to administrative liability for violation of Article 178 of the Ukrainian Code of Administrative Offences for drinking beer, alcoholic or soft drinks in public places, if the person drinks these beverages, for example, in the apartment building entrance. Antithesis: administrative liability under Art. 178 of the Ukrainian Code of Administrative Offences is incurred for drinking beer, alcoholic or soft drinks in an entrance hall as a place prohibited by law, i.e. a public place, in accordance with para. 1, Part 1, Article 1 of the Law of Ukraine “On Measures to Prevent and Reduce the Use of Tobacco Products and Their Harmful Effects on Public Health”. The application of the Law regulating the state policy on prevention of smoking of tobacco products to regulate legal relations in the field of public order and public safety, in terms of drinking spirits in public places, is justified by using a specific method – analogy of law. Arguments: firstly, the presence of the phrase “other places prohibited by law” contained in part 1 of Article 178 of the Ukrainian Code of Administrative Offences does not indicate incompleteness of legal provisions, referring to part 3 of Art. 15-3 of the Law of Ukraine “On State Regulation of Production and Circulation of Ethyl Alcohol, Cognac and Fruit Alcohol, Alcoholic Beverages, Tobacco Products, Liquids Used in Electronic Cigarettes and Fuel”, and therefore there are no grounds for applying the analogy of the law; secondly, when establishing the objective side of Art. 187 of the Ukrainian Code of Administrative Offences in terms of drinking beer (except for non-alcoholic), alcoholic and soft drinks, it is necessary to distinguish between the categories of “public places” and “places prohibited by law”; thirdly, according to the current legislation, the application of the analogy of the law is the privilege of judges, while police officers do not have such powers, and the opposite may indicate a violation of the principle of legality of proceedings in cases of administrative offences. Presentation: the combination of the above arguments confirms the thesis that a person cannot be brought to administrative liability for violation of Article 178 of the Ukrainian Code of Administrative Offences.

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Matejko, Witold. "Glosa do wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z 21 kwietnia 2016 r., II GSK 2566/14". Radca Prawny, n.º 1 (26) (2021): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/23921943rp.21.009.13897.

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Gloss to the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland judgment of April 21, 2016 – case file no. II GSK 2566/14 The gloss is an analysis and evaluation of the judgement of the Supreme Administrative Court of 21 April 2016, case file no. II GSK 2566/14. In this judgement, the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland adopted a view that distance sales of alcoholic beverages, including those made via the Internet, are illegal under the current provisions of the Act on Upbringing in Sobriety and Counteracting Alcoholism. In its interpretation of the law, the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland also referred extensively to the regulations of the Polish Civil Code on the sale agreement and the transfer of ownership of the sold item. The author critically evaluates the standpoint adopted by the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland. In author’s opinion, the interpretation of the law presented in the reasons for the judgement is law-generating in nature, leading to the creation of a legal norm which is not supported by the provisions of the Act. In author’s opinion, the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland wrongly equated the notions of a sale and the occurrence of the dispositive effect of a sale agreement, wrongly assuming that they occur at the same time and in the same place, which results in the assumption that the sale of an alcoholic beverage is effective upon the delivery of its object to the buyer at the place where the beverage is to be delivered. The position taken by the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland limits the constitutionally guaranteed freedom of business activity in a manner not supported by the Act.

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Biniasz-Celka, Danuta. "Gminny Program Profilaktyki i Rozwiązywania Problemów Alkoholowych jako podstawowa forma realizacji zadań własnych gminy z zakresu profilaktyki i rozwiązywania problemów alkoholowych". Studia Prawa Publicznego, n.º 1(29) (15 de marzo de 2020): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/spp.2020.1.29.4.

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The system of preventing and resolving alcohol-related problems used in Poland gives municipalities (gminas), as territorial units, the fundamental role in it. The municipality council is obliged to establish a number of programmes on the basis of the act on municipality self-government, as well as the regulations of other acts, including the Act of 26th October 1982 on Upbringing in Sobriety and Counteracting Alcoholism (A.U.S.C.A.) of the Municipality Programme for Preventing and Resolving Alcohol-related Problems (LCPP&RAP). The programme takes into account the areas of action listed in Article 41 section 1 of the A.U.S.C.A. and the indications included in the recommendations developed by the National Agency for Resolving Alcohol-related Problems. It should be emphasized that the implementation of tasks in the field of preventing and resolving alcohol-related problems under the programme is part of the strategy for resolving social problems, and takes into account the operational objectives set out in the National Health Programme. The regulations of the A.U.S.C.A. also provide the municipality witha significant role in implementing actions to tackle alcohol addiction. The actions are taken on three levels by: (1) appointing a local community committee for resolving problems (Article 41 section 3), (2) determining within resolutions the maximum number of permits for the sale of alcoholic beverages and the rules of locating places of sale and serving alcoholic beverages (Article 12 sections 1–3), (3) issuing permits for the sale of alcohol (Article 18 section 1) and monitoring the legitimacy of using these permits (Article 18 section 8). In addition, the LCPP&RAP provides solutions regarding forms, methods and projects undertaken by the municipality. It is important to note that the municipality self-government, as a result of decentralization of the state, has received extensive competence to conduct its own policy on alcohol-related problems, which is why its role is crucial.

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Berndt, Anastasya A. "Criminological characteristics of personality traits that commit retail sale of alcoholic beverages to minors". Yugra State University Bulletin 15, n.º 3 (11 de enero de 2020): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/byusu2019348-53.

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The subject of the research is the criminological characteristics of convicts under art. 151.1 of the Criminal Code. The purpose is studying of analyze a new type of identity of the criminal offender, a feature of that is bringing of criminal responsibility for committing several similar administrative offenses. The study revealed specific socio-demographic characteristics of convicts under Art. 151.1 of the iCriminal Code, which account is necessary for the formation of a system for the prevention of such unlawful behavior. This is low level of education, age 30-49, crimes are committed, as a rule, by women of working specialties. An analysis of the social and role characteristics of convicts allowed to reveal the peculiarity of this crime, which has mainly a female face. This is due to the scope of activities, since women are mainly involved in trade. As a result of studying of moral and psychological characteristics of the convicts' personality, it was concluded that the sphere of commerce is sufficiently criminal, and this largely determines the formation of the criminal motivation of the convicts.

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Skripchenko, N. Y. y A. N. Savchenko. "Problems of qualification of turnover of alcohol surrogates". Russian justice 3 (25 de marzo de 2021): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/0131-6761-2021-3-30-32.

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The authors question the validity of the criminal legal assessment under Art. 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation of actions of persons who make handicraft alcoholcontaining surrogates, store them at the place of residence and sell them ‘off hand’ under the guise of alcoholic beverages. The foundations of this practice were laid by the changes made to the content of Art. 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in 1999. Having extended the said rule not only to cases of circulation of low-quality goods in the legal consumer market, but also to the facts of the sale of goods dangerous to the life and health of consumers in the shadow sector of the economy, the legislator ‘transferred’ a wide range of acts previously assessed as administrative offenses. The work substantiates the position that the actions of persons who make and sell alcoholic surrogates ‘from hand’ are of an administratively punishable nature, they can be criminal only if they cause harm to the life and health (of any severity) of ‘consumers’.

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Alfianti, Luffita. "UPAYA PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PENGENDALIAN PRODUKSI MINUMAN BERALKOHOL TRADISIONAL". Yuridika 33, n.º 1 (8 de febrero de 2018): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v33i1.5671.

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Traditional alcoholic beverage, traditionally produced with hereditay recipe which is drunk to celebrate religious or tradition event. Government have not regulated a distinctive act to control production, so it needs to be analyzed the writer compose a thesis with systematical interpretation and extention to Regional Governance Act Number 23/2014, Ministry of Industry Regulation number 63/M-IND/PER/7/2014 in Restraining and Controlling The Industry and Quality of Beverage, Ministry of Trade Ragulation No. 20/M-Dag/Per/4/2014 in Restraining and Controlling of Supply, Distribution and Sale of Alcoholic Beverage, Head of Drug and Food Board Regulation Number HK.03.1.23.04.12.2205 in Guidelines On The Provision of Certificates of Food Production of Household Industries. Furthermore, writer also examine about Regional Government’s liability in controlling the production of traditional alcoholic beverage. Based on systematical interpretation and extention to regulation above, Regional/Local government has authorization in issuing a permit of traditional alcoholic beverage. However, there is no regulation that organizes the authority of local government to give license to the production of it. In contrast, local government has authority to control the distribution of traditional alcoholic beverage with implements the regulation inforcement to business activities that violate the license to trade by selling traditional alcoholic beverages.

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Nurzhorif, Falih Aziz y Retno Sulistiyowati. "HUBUNGAN LAMA KONSUMSI MINUMAN BERALKOHOL DENGAN KADAR SGOT DAN SGPT DI DESA KEMOJING KECAMATAN BINANGUN KABUPATEN CILACAP". Jurnal Keperawatan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Cendekia Utama 11, n.º 3 (31 de octubre de 2022): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.31596/jcu.v11i3.985.

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ABSTRAK Minuman beralkohol adalah minuman yang mengandung alkohol dengan kadar yang berbeda-beda. Penyakit akibat mengonsumsi alkohol salah satunya adalah gangguan fungsi hati. Pemeriksaan yang umum dilakukan untuk mengetahui fungsi hati yaitu pengukuran kadar SGOT dan SGPT. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan lama konsumsi minuman beralkohol dengan kadar SGOT dan SGPT di Desa Kemojing Kecamatan Binangun Kabupaten Cilacap yaitu sejumlah 32 orang. Penelitian berjenis observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional dan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi Square. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh rata-rata kadar SGOT 21.072 U/L dan rata-rata kadar SGPT 22.600 U/L. Dengan uji Chi Square diperoleh nilai P>0.05 pada kadar SGOT, dan nilai P<0.05 pada kadar SGPT. Penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan lama konsumsi minuman beralkohol dengan kadar SGOT dan terdapat hubungan signifikan lama konsumsi minuman beralkohol dengan kadar SGPT.Kata Kunci: Alkohol, Lama konsumsi, SGOT, SGPT ABSTRACT Alcoholic beverages are beverages that contain alcohol in varying degrees. Impaired liver function is one of the disorders caused by alcohol consumption. Common tests performed to determine liver function are the measurement of SGOT and SGPT levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the duration of consumption of alcoholic beverages and levels of SGOT and SGPT in Kemojing Village, Binangun nSub-District, Cilacap Regency. This study involved 32 people who were selected using purposive sampling technique. This was an analytic observational study with a cross sectional design. Afterwards, the data were analyzed by using Chi Square test. The result showed that the average level of SGOT and SGPT were 21.072 U/L and 22.600 U/L, respectively. In terms of Chi Square test, the value of SGOT level was P>0.05, and the value of SGPT level was P<0.05. Thus, it could be concluded that there was no significant relationship between the duration of consumption of alcoholic beverages and levels of SGOT. Meanwhile, there was a significant relationship between the duration of consumption of alcoholic beverages and levels of SGPT.Keywords: Alcohol, Duration of consumption, SGOT, SGPT

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RIZAL, MOCH CHOIRUL. "KEBIJAKAN KRIMINALISASI KONSUMSI MINUMAN BERALKOHOL DI INDONESIA / CRIMINALIZATION POLICIES ON CONSUMING ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES IN INDONESIA". Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 7, n.º 1 (21 de marzo de 2018): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.25216/jhp.7.1.2018.151-174.

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Selain masih tersebar dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan, kebijakan kriminalisasi yang ada saat ini masih belum mampu menjawab permasalahan pokok, yakni dampak negatif dari pengonsumsian minuman beralkohol. Dalam hal ini, tujuan pembangunan nasional berdasarkan Pancasila belum terwujud dengan baik. Studi konseptual ini fokus terhadap 2 (dua) permasalahan pokok. Pertama, kebijakan kriminalisasi konsumsi minuman beralkohol di Indonesia. Di tingkat undang-undang, yakni KUHP, kebijakan kriminalisasi terhadap subjek hukum yang mengonsumsi minuman beralkohol diharuskan merugikan kepentingan hukum orang lain atau umum, yakni sebagaimana ditentukan dalam Pasal 300, Pasal 492 ayat (1), dan Pasal 536 KUHP. Di tingkat yang lain, yakni peraturan daerah, baik di tingkat provinsi maupun kabupaten/kota, beberapa telah secara tegas memuat kebijakan kriminalisasi konsumsi minuman beralkohol tanpa mempertimbangkan apakah perbuatan tersebut merugikan orang lain atau tidak. Kedua, kebijakan kriminalisasi konsumsi minuman beralkohol di Indonesia pada masa yang akan datang. Berdasar pada pertimbangan filosofis, yuridis, dan sosiologis, perlu diadakan pembaruan hukum terkait kebijakan kriminalisasi konsumsi minuman beralkohol di Indonesia. Adanya pembaruan kebijakan kriminalisasi mengonsumsi minuman beralkohol di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa negara telah menjamin hidup sejahtera lahir batin, tempat tinggal, serta lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat. Semua itu merupakan kebutuhan manusia yang menjadi hak asasi yang harus dihormati dan dipenuhi oleh negara atau pemerintah dalam konteks melindungi kehidupan segenap bangsa Indonesia.Besides still scattered in several laws and regulations, the existing criminalization policy is still not able to answer the main issue, namely the negative impact of consuming alcoholic beverages. In this case, the national development objectives based on Pancasila have not been properly achieved. This conceptual study focuses on 2 (two) key issues. First, the scattered criminalization policies on consuming alcohol in Indonesia. At the law’s level, the Criminal Code, the criminalization policies of legal subjects consuming alcoholic beverages is required to impair the legal or other public interest, as provided in Article 300, Article 492 paragraph (1) and Article 536. At another level, namely the regional regulations, both at the provincial and district/city levels, some have explicitly contained the criminalization policy of consuming alcoholic beverages without considering whether the act is harming others or not. Second, the policy of criminalization to consume alcoholic beverages in Indonesia in the future. Based on philosophical, juridical, and sociological considerations, it is necessary to reform law related to criminalization policy of consuming alcoholic beverages in Indonesia. In the future, with the renewal of the criminalization policy of consuming alcoholic beverages in Indonesia, the state has guaranteed a well-born and inner life, a place to live, and a good and healthy environment which is a human need that becomes a human right that must be respected and fulfilled by the state or government in the context of protecting the lives of all people.

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Klementyeva, Y. A. y N. V. Semenova. "Alcohol surrogate poisoning: statistics for the country and individual regions". Scientific Bulletin of the Omsk State Medical University 3, n.º 1 (2023): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.61634/2782-3024-2023-9-84-94.

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Alcohol abuse around the world is a risk factor for death and disability, so the problem of mortality due to excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages is extremely urgent. Alcoholism is widespread among people of different nationalities, and is part of the lifestyle of people of different sex and age. The risk of death regardless of the cause increases with an increase in alcohol addiction. People who abuse alcohol are at high risk for cognitive impairment, tendency to depression and anxiety, and have many co-morbidities. Alcoholic beverages can act as both an initiator of harm to oneself or another person as well as a cause of premature death, such as poisonings of chemical etiology, which include: poisonings from medications, drugs, alcohol and its surrogates. Toxic alcohols are readily available and contained in many household and industrial products, so mass poisonings with surrogate alcohol are registered almost every month in the Russian Federation. The aim of the literature review was to analyze the statistics and identify the connection between the excessive consumption of alcohol and its surrogates and the high mortality rates in the Russian Federation and individual regions. To achieve our goal, we had to solve a number of tasks. To begin with, we collected literature for the period 2012-2022 on this problem from the main biomedical information sources, such as PuBMed and eLIBRARY.RU. Next, we reviewed the mortality statistics of the Russian Federation and, in particular, the Omsk region for the period 2012-2022. Then we evaluated the correlation between the excessive consumption of alcohol-containing products and high mortality. We went deeper into the study of this problem and analyzed the correlation between the mortality rate and alcohol detection during the examination and mortality from other somatic diseases. We evaluated the frequency of acute poisonings of chemical nature, namely fatal poisonings of alcohol etiology. We identified the most frequent chemical that provoked the fatal outcome. We also considered the risk of mortality in relation to gender and age.

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Sartika, Fera y Yessy Prissilia. "Kadar Serum Glutamate Piruvat Transaminase (Alt) Pada Pengonsumsi Minuman Beralkohol Di Kecamatan Banama Pulang Pisau Kalimantan Tengah". Jurnal Surya Medika 3, n.º 1 (1 de agosto de 2017): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v3i1.212.

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The liver plays an important role in detoxifying chemicals that are not useful or harmful to the body. There are many factors that affect liver damage, such as viruses, bacteria, toxicity from drugs and chemicals and excessive alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption over a long period of time with a certain amount can cause various diseases, one of which is liver dysfunction such as alcoholic liver disease. Disruption of the mechanism in the liver can result in swelling with an increase in liver transaminase enzymes produced, namely Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) or Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), but more specific Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) tests are carried out because these enzymes are produced in the liver, so that this enzyme can be used to assess abnormalities or disorders of liver function. The results of the examination of serum ALT levels consuming alcoholic beverages ranged from 12-86 U / I, where the normal ALT levels from 30 samples were 28 people, namely 93.33%, and ALT levels were more than normal as much as 2 people, namely 6.67%.

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Kołota, Aleksandra, Dominika Głąbska, Michał Oczkowski y Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska. "Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Liver of Growing Male Rats Receiving Various Alcoholic Beverages". Nutrients 12, n.º 1 (6 de enero de 2020): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010158.

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Typical alcohol consumption begins in the adolescence period, increasing the risk of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in adolescents and young adults, and while the pathophysiology of ALD is still not completely understood, it is believed that oxidative stress may be the major contributor that initiates and promotes the progression of liver damage. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of alcohol consumption on the markers of oxidative stress and liver inflammation in the animal model of prolonged alcohol consumption in adolescents using various alcoholic beverages. In a homogenic group of 24 male Wistar rats (4 groups—6 animals per group), since 30th day of life, in order to mimic the alcohol consumption since adolescence, animals received (1) no alcoholic beverage (control group), (2) ethanol solution, (3) red wine, or (4) beer (experimental groups) for 6 weeks. Afterwards, the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as levels of cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyl groups, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukine-10 (IL-10) were measured in liver homogenates. The difference between studied groups was observed for CYP2E1 and protein carbonyl groups levels (increased levels for animals receiving beer compared with control group), as well as for ALT activity (decreased activity for animals receiving beer compared with other experimental groups) (p < 0.05). The results suggested that some components of beer, other than ethanol, are responsible for its influence on the markers of oxidative stress and liver inflammation observed in the animal model of prolonged alcohol consumption in adolescents. Taking this into account, beer consumption in adolescents, which is a serious public health issue, should be assessed in further studies to broaden the knowledge of the progression of liver damage caused by alcohol consumption in this group.

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Alferdi, Alferdi, Yulita Arruan, Resvin Tapparan y Karisma Nari. "Larangan Minum Minuman Keras bagi Imam Berdasarkan Imamat 10:8-11 dan Implementasinya bagi Gembala Jemaat". CARAKA: Jurnal Teologi Biblika dan Praktika 3, n.º 2 (10 de noviembre de 2022): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46348/car.v3i2.106.

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Abstract The purpose of writing this article is to provide an understanding to the church pastor about the prohibition of drinking alcohol as viewed from Leviticus 10: 8-11. Liquor (alcoholic drink) is often a matter of debate because on the other hand there are some who think that liquor is something that can increase the excitement of appearing, but if it is examined further, many negative things arise from consuming liquor. This is triggered because liquor contains alcohol which can be intoxicating. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method by analyzing the phenomena that occur, and utilizing various literatures such as books and journals. This research shows that there is a prohibition for the Imam to drink liquor because alcohol contains alcohol which can have a negative impact. In addition, as priests who are representatives of the people in offering sacrifices, they are required to be holy so they can enter the temple and can carry out their duties responsibly. To maintain this holiness in the book of Leviticus 10: 8-11 expressly prohibits priests from drinking alcoholic beverages. . Seeing this reality, if it is related to church leaders today, namely the Shepherd, it is fitting to maintain holiness, especially when leading worship. The pastor of the church is expected to be able to avoid alcoholic beverages such as those contained in the book of Leviticus.

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Gaffo, Angelo L., Jeffrey M. Roseman, David R. Jacobs, Cora E. Lewis, James M. Shikany, Ted R. Mikuls, Pauline E. Jolly y Kenneth G. Saag. "Serum urate and its relationship with alcoholic beverage intake in men and women: findings from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 69, n.º 11 (4 de junio de 2010): 1965–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2010.129429.

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ObjectiveTo investigate if beer, liquor (spirits), wine and total alcohol intakes have different associations with serum urate (SU) concentrations at different ages in a cohort of young men and women.MethodsData from 3123 participants at baseline and follow-up at 20 years were used, with balanced proportions of Caucasians and African Americans. The relationships of SU with categories of beer, liquor, wine and total alcohol intake referent to no intake were examined in sex-specific, cross-sectional analyses.ResultsMean age (SD) at the beginning of follow-up was 25.1 (3.6) years. Compared with non-drinkers, significant associations between higher SU concentrations and greater beer intake were observed among men and women, with more pronounced and consistent associations for women. An association between greater liquor intake and higher SU concentrations was only seen for men at the year 20 evaluation. Wine intake was not associated with SU in either sex and total alcohol was associated with higher SU concentrations in both men and women. The magnitude of the associations between alcoholic beverages intake and SU was modest (≤0.03 mg/dl/alcoholic beverage serving).ConclusionAn association between higher SU concentrations and greater beer intake was consistent and pronounced among women, but also present in men. Despite the small magnitude of the increases in SU associated with alcohol intake, clinical implications in conditions such as cardiovascular disease and gout in young adults who are moderate and heavy drinkers cannot be ruled out.

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Ozan, Günçe, Meltem Mert Eren, Sevda Ozel Yildiz, Hande Șar Sancakli y Esra Yildiz. "EFFECTS OF ACIDIC/ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES ON THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF COMPOSITE RESINS LIGHT-CURED FOR TWO DIFFERENT PERIODS OF TIME". STOMATOLOGY EDU JOURNAL 6, n.º 4 (2019): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2019.6(4).art.1.

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Pomazalová, Nataša y Zbyšek Korecki. "Evaluation of tendered prices of natural mineral water, juice and non-alcoholic beer (public procurement research)". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, n.º 4 (2011): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159040233.

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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate tender prices of chosen beverages according to public procurement based on secondary data analysis. The empirical results of analysis (t-test and F-test) show that average annual prices of these beverages are different and collected data are not included in the same sample. Tender prices are different in each year of observed years, although are based on public tender. Important evidence is that for the public tenders in the abroad is obligatory use of the Czech public procurement law. According to this act the base evaluation criterion is the lowest offered price. Data were collected during the years 2005–2009. This study deals with empirical approach, variability of prices of chosen beverages based on public tenders between the Czech Republic (Ministry of Defence) and local suppliers in Kosovo. Results show low variability of prices, which are based on public tender and legal approach, regulated public procurement. The research conclusion is the fact, that tender prices for piece of non-alcoholic beverage are less than 10 % from annual mean (pcs./CZK) of tendered prices.

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Wickramaarachchi, L. A., M. A. Jayasinghe y H. M. T. Herath. "Cereal Based Beverages for Nutrition Security: An Integrative Review". Journal of the University of Ruhuna 10, n.º 2 (31 de diciembre de 2022): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jur.v10i2.7992.

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Whole grains are processed in different ways to make diverse products that are considered as nutritious and healthier. Nutrition security ensures consistent access, availability, and affordability of foods and beverages that promote well-being of people. Cereals plays crucial role to secure global nutrition security. Cereal grains such as rice, wheat, maize, sorghum and buckwheat are rich in bioactive phytochemicals, in addition to being major staple crops and primary sources of energy and nourishment to human body. Bioactive phytochemicals such as phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids and tannins with potent antioxidant capacities, dietary fibres, resistant starch, and phytic acid, which highlight potential application in processing grains into functional beverages having health promoting functional properties. Despite the fact that a range of cereal grain-based beverages are manufactured across the world, they have received very lesser scientific recognition and technical attention. Grain-based functional beverages have been divided into several categories such as non fermented grain-based and grain-based milk substitutes, fermented non-alcoholic grain beverages. The aim of this review was to discuss the processing techniques, health benefits, problems and future prospects of cereal grain-based beverages which might be a potential new category of functional beverages demanding by food industry.

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Senelick, Laurence. "Moonlighting in the Music Hall: The Double Life of Charles Rice". Theatre Survey 34, n.º 2 (noviembre de 1993): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040557400009947.

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The Parliamentary Act of 1843 that eradicated the duopoly of Covent Garden and Drury Lane affected London taverns as well as theatres. To skirt the ban on drama, minor theatres had long interpolated musical interludes into any sort of play, thus naturalizing indoors a variety format more common to the fairground or circus. The growing taste for miscellaneous entertainment was also served by tavern saloons, where variety bills supplemented alcoholic conviviality. The Act of 1843, amending the licensing act of 1737, merely recognized this fact of life and extended a welcoming hand to these and other performance spaces. All places of entertainment holding a “burletta license” might stage plays, provided that smoking and the sale of spirituous beverages were banned from the premises.

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Świtalski, Michał y Agnieszka Rybowska. "Non-alcoholic beverages with plant additives as a case of product innovation – A Systematic Review of scientific articles". Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 10, n.º 1 (24 de febrero de 2022): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2022.1015.

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Purpose of the study: The study compared selected non-alcoholic beverages with plant additives developed by various researchers and determined the innovative potential of these beverages. Methodology: The beverages described in 22 scientific articles in both English and Polish were analyzed. Scientific articles were searched using the Google search engine, Google Schoolar , a multi- search engine based on the e-resources of the University Library, and the official websites of selected journals. The phrases 'herbal beverages' 'novel plant beverages' and related in English and Polish were used in the search. Main findings: The paper showed that the addition of plant material to the drink can determine the innovative character by changing the physicochemical characteristics, changing the organoleptic characteristics, storage ability, but most of all giving it a health-promoting and functional character. Application of this study: It has been shown that scientific articles, as an external source of knowledge, may provide some inspiration to create an innovative drink, however, in most cases, the desire to introduce such a product to the market will require more research on the use of a specific plant raw material. Originality of this study: New innovative beverages with plant additives are described in many scientific articles, but there are no papers that would constitute a collective discussion about their innovativeness.

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Anthony WIrasasmita, Michael. "PENGATURAN PENGENDALIAN DAN PENGAWASAN TERHADAP PENJUALAN MINUMAN BERALKOHOL DALAM PERMENDAG NO 6 TAHUN 2015 : STUDI PENERAPAN LESS TRADE RESTRICTIVE WAY DALAM WTO". Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) 6, n.º 4 (31 de diciembre de 2017): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmhu.2017.v06.i04.p08.

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Indonesia sebagai negara anggota WTO memiliki kewajiban untuk mematuhi semua prinsip WTO termasuk dalam bentuk less trade restrictive way. Dalam pengendalian terhadap penjualan minuman beralkohol yang diatur oleh Permendag No 6 Tahun 2015 terdapat pelarang penjualan minuman beralkohol yang pada tingkat usaha mikro kebawah. Pengaturan ini berdasarkan WTO Rule belumlah secara optimal mencerminkan less trade restrictive way atau “cara yang paling tidak bertentangan dengan perdagangan”. Penelitian ini menggunakan metoda normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa adapun pengendalian dan pengawasan sebagaimana yang dicantumkan dalam Permendag No 6 Tahun 2015 tidak sepenuhnya mencerminkan WTO Rule dan harus diubah. Pasal II Permendag No 6 tahun 2015 telah mencabut ijin penjualan minuman beralkohol bagi uaha micro kebawah dengan tujuan untuk melindungi kesehatan dan moral generasi muda. Tindakan pengendalian dan pengawasan ini masih dapat di temenempuh dengan cara lain agar tidak bertentangan dengan semangat perdagangan dan juga pada saat yang bersamaan masih dapat melindungi moral dan kesehatan generasi muda. Indonesia as a WTO member country has an obligation to comply with all WTO principles including in the form of less trade restrictive way. In controlling the sale of alcoholic beverages regulated by Permendag No. 6 of 2015 there is a restriction sale of alcoholic beverages in the micro-and below micro enterprise . This regulation based from the WTO Rule has not yet optimally reflected the less trade restrictive way or the "cara yang paling tidak bertentangan dengan perdagangan". This research uses normative method. The results show that the control and supervision as mentioned in Permendag No. 6 of 2015 does not fully reflect the WTO Rule and must be changed. Article II Permendag No. 6 of 2015 has revoked the license for the sale of alcoholic beverages for micro-and below micro enterprise in order to protect the health and morale of the young generation. This act of control and supervision can still be accomplished in another way so as not to conflict with the spirit of commerce and at the same time still protect the morale and health of the younger generation.

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Santanu Das y Mojibur R. Khan. "Exploring the nutritional factors and health benefits of artisanal alcoholic rice beverages". International Journal of Science and Research Archive 8, n.º 2 (30 de marzo de 2023): 325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.8.2.0236.

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Fermentation is an ancient preservation technique used to transform complex food materials into simpler biologically active compounds, which enhances their nutritional content. Various microorganisms, including Lactic acid bacteria, Acetic acid-producing bacteria, moulds, and yeasts, produce a diverse array of compounds ranging from simple saccharides to complex biogenic amines and peptides during fermentation. While fermented foods and beverages are widespread, this review paper focuses on artisanal alcoholic rice beverages (ARB) produced in East Asian nations and some parts of India, where more than 100 varieties are produced by different ethnic communities. The nutritional nature of all ARBs is similar despite the differences in production processes, and a starter cake is used to initiate the fermentation process. The starter cake comprises different plant materials mixed with rice flour, along with a diverse microbial population, including yeast, moulds, and bacteria, that aids in different fermentation stages. Microbes break down starchy materials, produce organic acids and volatile compounds responsible for aroma, and maintain the drink's acidity. The plant materials also act as a microbial reservoir, preventing fermentation spoilage, and enhance the beverage's nutritional quality. This review paper systematically compiles and analyzes the nutritional factors and their potential health benefits from a wide variety of ARB using various databases and search terms. It provides a comprehensive insight into the nutritional factors' functions and possible effects on human health. This review highlights the need for more studies on ARB's microbial composition and nutritional compounds and provides a platform for further research on ARB's nutritional properties.

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Herasymenko, L. V. y O. V. Tykhonova. "IMPROVEMENT OF THE LEGAL CONSTRUCTION OF ART. 204 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF UKRAINE AS A PREREQUISITE FOR ITS EFFECTIVE LAW ENFORCEMENT". Herald of criminal justice, n.º 3-4 (2022): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2413-5372.2022.3-4/65-73.

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In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of offenses related to the illegal manufacture, storage, sale or transportation for the purpose of sale of excise goods: tobacco products, alcoholic beverages, fuel and lubricants, etc. Illegal transactions with excise goods lead to significant non-payment of funds to the State Budget of Ukraine. Failure to fulfill the budget in terms of revenues makes it impossible for the state to fulfill its obligations in full and exacerbates social tension in society, and in the period of martial law also significantly limits the financial capabilities of the state. The purpose of the article is to update the ways of improving the criminal law principles of criminal prosecution for the illegal manufacture, storage, sale or transportation for the purpose of sale of excise goods. The main results of the study were reflected in the analysis of the features of the legal construction of Art. 204 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine «Illegal manufacture, storage, sale or transportation for the purpose of sale of excise goods.» It has been found that the peculiarities of the legal construction of the specified norm in a certain way complicate law enforcement and reduce the capabilities of law enforcement agencies in the fight against violations of public relations in the field of production and circulation of excise goods. It has been proved that the formulation of the subject of the crimes provided for in part. 1 and 2 Art. 204 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, such as ethyl alcohol, alcohol distillates, alcoholic beverages, beer, tobacco products, tobacco, industrial tobacco substitutes, fuel or other excise goods. It is proposed to define the subject of criminal offenses, the responsibility for the commission of which is provided for in Art. 204 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, only as «excise goods». It is emphasized that it is impractical to recognize the goods as the subject of the specified crime only if the excise tax is included in its price, because this does not correspond to the provisions of the industry legislation that regulates transactions with excise goods. It has been proven that the absence of 1 and 2 Art. 204 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine regarding the size of the subject of criminal offenses does not ensure the humanization of criminal legislation. Separate changes to the disposition of Art. 204 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of the fight against illegal transactions with excise goods, as well as the prompt restoration of social relations violated as a result of criminal offenses committed, the subject of which are excise goods.

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Costa, Ana Isabel Conejo, Rafaele Andressa da Silva Belei, Mariana Aparecida Lopes Ortiz y Larissa Ciupa. "AVALIAÇÃO DO PERFIL HEPÁTICO, DO CONSUMO ALIMENTAR E DE ÁLCOOL EM ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS". Revista Uningá 58, n.º 1 (20 de diciembre de 2021): eUJ3327. http://dx.doi.org/10.46311/2318-0579.58.euj3327.

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Hepatic steatosis is a condition that affects the liver by increasing the visceral fat causing hepatic damage. The disease development might be associated with sedentary lifestyle; unhealthy eating habits; as well as use of tobacco, medications, and alcoholic beverages especially in college students due to change in their routine. In this sense, the goal of this study was to evaluate the hepatic profile of such students throughout the TGO, TGP and Gamma GT enzymes and to correlate this information with data obtained by a questionnaire regarding food consumption, alcohol intake, tobacco use and physical activity. In order to do so, an analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in individuals of both genders, male and female, aged between 18 and 30 years old and from different graduation courses in which such students filled out a questionnaire form and underwent venous collection for the laboratory analyzes. Forty-six students from different graduation courses were evaluated. Most of them were female (67.40%), single (93.5%), sedentary (73.91%) and making use of alcoholic beverages (63.04%) at least 3 times a week. From all the subjects analyzed, were 22% of them that presented alterations in the serum dosage of liver enzymes, a fact that is relevant and raises our concern because it refers to such a young community with strong negative indications regarding their own health care.

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Ubigli, Mario y Maria Carla Cravero. "From the “Òstrakon” to the Art of Wine Tasting and the Measurement of Consumer Emotions". Gastronomy 2, n.º 3 (17 de julio de 2024): 102–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gastronomy2030008.

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The language of wine is richer and more complex if compared to that of other alcoholic beverages, including the tasting, production, history, and culture associated with it. The evolution of the language employed to define the quality and the characteristics of wine from the “òstrakon” of the Ancient Egyptians to the present is shown in the article. The symbolic aspects of wine, the communication of emotions, the wine sensory analysis, and the wine tasting are discussed. The glossaries which appeared in France, at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, are mentioned: they attest both the beginning of tasting, and the official recognition of the sensory evolution of wine. Moreover, some considerations are reported on some particular words employed to describe wines: vinous, aftertaste, and body. The language employed to evaluate wine is still evolving. It expresses the need and the desire to communicate and define the perceptions and the emotions derived by drinking wine. Finally, the pleasure of wine is not only a physical pleasure, but above all it is a pleasure of the brain, as well as, naturally, of the word.

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Kyselova, Kateryna. "Quotation of works and using artistic techniques of representatives of the artistic direction of pop art in clothing design of the late XX - early XXI century". Collection of scientific works “Notes on Art Criticism”, n.º 39 (1 de septiembre de 2021): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32461/2226-2180.39.2021.238673.

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The purpose of the article is to develop the issues of quoting the art direction of pop art and the use of artistic techniques of its representatives in the design of clothing of the late XX - early XXI centuries. Visual material covering the history of fashion of the end of the XX - beginning of the XXI century taken from printed publications and the Internet. Methodology. Methods of literary, socio-cultural, art history, aesthetic, and structural-compositional analyzes were used. The scientific novelty of the work lies in identifying the main stages and specifics of quoting pop art in clothing design of the late XX - early XXI century. Brands and designers who turned to the motives of this art direction from 1960 to 2010 were considered. Conclusions. It is determined that the iconography of pop art in clothing design includes the following: portraits of celebrities; reproductions of famous paintings, banners and posters; covers and pages of newspapers and magazines, comics; images of letters, words, slogans and logos; different types of packaging; home appliances; plumbing; electrical appliances; means of transport; food; tobacco products and alcoholic beverages. It was found that the techniques typical of pop art, such as a combination of illusory and real, hyperbolization of objects or their individual properties, duplication of images, mixing bright contrasting colors and multi-context images, introducing quotes, and using collages of photographs were fully adapted to clothing design in the twentieth century. Since the eighties of the twentieth century. The parody approach to creativity characteristic of pop art is spreading. In the XXI century. designers focused on "combining the incompatible." Pop-art ideas for decorating things with a simple cut with various slogans and of everyday and commonly available motifs, as well as imitation materials, have become the most widespread for ready-made clothes.

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Mas, Albert, Jose Manuel Guillamon, Maria Jesus Torija, Gemma Beltran, Ana B. Cerezo, Ana M. Troncoso y M. Carmen Garcia-Parrilla. "Bioactive Compounds Derived from the Yeast Metabolism of Aromatic Amino Acids during Alcoholic Fermentation". BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/898045.

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Metabolites resulting from nitrogen metabolism in yeast are currently found in some fermented beverages such as wine and beer. Their study has recently attracted the attention of researchers. Some metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids are bioactive compounds that can behave as hormones or even mimic their role in humans and may also act as regulators in yeast. Although the metabolic pathways for their formation are well known, the physiological significance is still far from being understood. The understanding of this relevance will be a key element in managing the production of these compounds under controlled conditions, to offer fermented food with specific enrichment in these compounds or even to use the yeast as nutritional complements.

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Pakaya, Mohamad Rivaldi. "Measuring The Causes Factor Of The Criminal Act Of Persecution". Estudiante Law Journal 2, n.º 3 (9 de octubre de 2020): 578–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33756/eslaj.v2i3.14362.

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Abstract: This study aimed to find out the factors causing the occurrence of criminal acts of persecution. The method used in this research was empirical or sociological research methodology. This study used a case approach, which was carried out by examining cases related to the issues faced and sampling using purposive sampling. The results of this study indicated that the occurrence of criminal acts of persecution in the jurisdiction of the Batudaa Pantai Sector Police was caused by the influence of alcoholic beverages, an unfavorable environment, and low education which also affected thinking patterns, the heartache that led to revenge, misunderstandings resulting from failure communication process, to uncontrolled emotions. The Batudaa Pantai sector police should make more use of social media in providing understanding to the community and school children so that legal awareness continues to increase in all circles because they see the impact that will be caused if they commit a criminal act.Keywords: Cause; Criminal; Persecution

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Rodríguez-Nuévalos, Silvia, Ana M. Costero, Salvador Gil, Margarita Parra y Pablo Gaviña. "Bifunctionalized Gold Nanoparticles for the Colorimetric Detection of the Drug γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) in Beverages". Chemosensors 9, n.º 7 (25 de junio de 2021): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9070160.

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The increase in the number of drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) cases in recent years has become a major concern. Consequently, there is a need to develop methods for the real-time detection of these substances. We report herein a colorimetric chemosensor for the real-time in situ detection of the “date rape” drug GHB. The sensor is based on gold nanoparticles functionalized with both a 2-aminonaphthoxazole and phenanthroline derivative. Its ability to act as “naked-eye” colorimetric sensor for the detection of the drug in soft drinks and alcoholic beverages was studied. The detection process is based on the double recognition of both the hydroxyl and the carboxylate groups present in GHB, which triggers the aggregation of the AuNPs, with the resulting change in the color of the solution.

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Priantara, Putu Herry Hermawan. "Hidden Potential of Arak Bali to be The World’s Seventh Spirit; from religious purpose to negative investment list". Bali Tourism Journal 3, n.º 1 (5 de diciembre de 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36675/btj.v3i1.36.

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In a joint meeting between Governor and Bali Regional House of Representatives on 11 February 2019, Bali Governor Wayan Koster expressed his interest to promote arak as a trademark of Bali, a traditional Balinese spirit. Arak is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage, generally produced in Southeast Asia and South Asia countries. Each region has its distinctive method in selecting the most delicate raw material as primary ingredient, to its patients and meticulous preparations in producing the best liquor. Religious activities becomes chief reason the art of liquor distilation present in the island of God, especially Arak. It serves as tetabuhan in traditional and religious ceremonies, a recreational beverage for adults or even utilize to make herbal paste. Some traditional farmer use Wariga as a reference to determine the perfect day to produce arak, therefore, the process becomes its distinctive feature. Realizing its hidden potential, Governor Koster expressed his interest in making Balinese Arak legal as a prospective industry to improve the communities economic welfare, by promoting it as a heritage-based product. Through departments in Provincial government, he prepares standardisation as well as legal basis to promote the liquor in tourism industry. However, the distilled spirit is classified as Alcohol type C on the law thus its distribution in full scale is strictly regulated by the law. Furthermore, Presidential Regulation which adds alcoholic beverages as negative investment list, become a high wall to climb before the customer could safely sip the product.

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Inkpen, Andrew. "Teresa da Silva Lopes: Global Brands: The Evolution of Multinationals in Alcoholic Beverages". Administrative Science Quarterly 53, n.º 2 (junio de 2008): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2189/asqu.53.2.377.

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Rogalska, Joanna. "Fee for issuing alcoholic beverages for sale in the municipalities of the Kielce poviat". Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, n.º 6 (25 de noviembre de 2021): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.964.

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Purpose of the study: The aim of the article is an analysis of revenues for fees for permits for the sale of alcoholic beverages in the own income of municipalities of the Kielce poviat in 2018-2020. It is to enable the answer to be given about the role of the fee for issuing a permit for the sale of alcohol in the incomes of municipalities' own. Methodology: The work was based on the analysis of RB 27S reports on the implementation of the budget income plan of the surveyed municipalities, analysis of internal materials of these units, normative acts and the Local Data Bank Main findings: The data presented in the paper shows that the share of revenues from fees for the permit to sell alcohol in own income does not exceed 1.7% and has a downward trend. However, the actual revenue from the levy shows slight fluctuations over the period considered. Moreover, it does not matter whether we are dealing with a rural or an urban-rural commune. Application of the study: The following study concerns an important aspect of financing the activities of municipalities. Taxes and fees are the most important revenues in budgets. Each decision of the local government authorities has an impact on the level of income. It may lead to a lack of funds for the implementation of own tasks. The year 2021 may be interesting in terms of income from the fee under study due to the possibility of applying a fee exemption or postponing its payment resulting from the provisions of the Act of March 2, 2020 on special solutions related to the prevention, prevention and combating of COVID-19, other infectious diseases and the resulting crises. It is not an easy decision, because such action reduces the revenues to the commune's budget. Due to the fact that for the implementation of tasks for which the funds from the fee were provided, it will have to be financed with other income. Originality/Novelty of the study: The importance of the financial stability of local government units is an extremely important topic. Topics related to budget planning are essential for the long-term balancing of the demand for funds reported by local governments in relation to the efficiency of funds left at the disposal of local authorities. As a consequence, the subject of the study was the analysis of the dynamics and structure of local authorities' income from the point of view of the selected source of income. The article can inspire further research in the field of local government finance and contribute to other interesting scientific studies.

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Movchan, Roman. "CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR ELECTORAL OFFENSES: THE ANALYSIS OF RECENT LEGISLATIVE CHANGES". Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Law 72, n.º 72 (20 de junio de 2021): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vla.2021.72.131.

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The latest changes in the criminal legislation on the regulation of liability for electoral criminal offenses are considered. The shortcomings of the incentive norms provided for by Part 5 of Art. 158-3 and Part 5 of Art. 160 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine are revealed. In particular, the following is proved inexpedient: limiting the range of criminal offenses, to the commission of which Part 5 of Art. 158-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine can be applied, only by the actions referred to in Part 1 of the considered criminal law norm; limiting the range of subjects covered by the scope of application of Part 5 of Art. 160 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, not only by the organizers, but also by the instigators of a criminal offense. The inappropriateness of the differentiation of the value expression of illegal benefits carried out by the legislator provided for by Art. 160 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is argued, when food, alcoholic beverages and tobacco products are considered such a benefit, regardless of their cost, while other types of benefits specified in the note of the article are only provided if their value exceeds 0.06 of the tax-free minimum incomes. In addition, the arbitrariness of the value expression of illegal benefit is pointed out. The conclusion is made concerning the imperfection of the sanctions of the considered criminal law norms, confirmed by the analysis data of the trends in the application of the latter. It is noted that the indication in many of the corresponding sanctions for a single main non-alternative punishment in the form of imprisonment for a certain period leads to the fact that in the vast majority of cases the courts release the perpetrators from punishment on the basis of the provisions of Art. 75 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, considering it inappropriate to impose punishment in the form of imprisonment. The ways of improving the criminal legislation to eliminate the identified shortcomings based on the results of the article are suggested.

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Kluss, Maciej. "Prawo propinacyjne Galicji. Zarys problematyki". Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa 16, n.º 4 (2023): 469–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20844131ks.23.040.19034.

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The propination rights provided for the exclusive right to produce and sell alcoholic beverages. In the 19th century, however, these rights, together with the serfdom, became a relic of a bygone era, having no place in the existing social and legal system, which ultimately led to its abolition. The article presents research problems related to the propination rights in Galicia. The first part of the article presents the definition and nature of propination in Poland, its connection to the feudal system and the phenomenon of forced propination. The second part of the article discusses the propination rights in Galicia during the first half of the 19th century, taking into account social, political and legal factors. It presents the issue of propination during the period of Galician autonomy in the second half of the 19th century as well. This part includes also issues of competent authorities and the ultimate abolition of these rights on the basis of the Act of December 30, 1875, and the Act of April 22, 1889.

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Alavaikko, Mika. "Liberalisation of Finnish Alcohol Legislation in the Reform of 1994". Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 15, n.º 3 (junio de 1998): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145507259801500304.

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The article looks at the preparation of the new Alcohol Act as well as the parliamentary proceedings. The attention is focused on the internal dynamics of the process and on the way it was subordinate to other political considerations. Even though the preparation of the legislation was begun in 1991 to alleviate growing internal pressure in the country, it became a part of the government's tug-of-war even before parliamentary proceedings. The preparation of the new Act and the parliamentary proceedings also became intermingled with Finland's EU membership negotiations and the pressures arising from the EEA agreement, effective from the beginning of 1994. The focal point is whether or not the decisions made can be traced back to the interests of commerce and industry. It is argued that the Parliament, and particularly the Social Affairs and Health Committee, assumed an active role in the process, and that the decisions cannot fully be traced back to the interests of commerce and industry. In the Parliament, the new legislation became remarkably more liberal than the government's proposal would have entailed. In this respect, the central issues were the sanctioning of retail sale of viticulturists' products and table beer, partial removal of restrictions to alcohol advertising and equating all alcoholic beverages, with an alcoholic strength by volume of less than 4.7 per cent, with beer in retail. With the decision made in the Parliament, the Alcohol Act begins to take on ideological qualities. In particular, the interests of commerce and industry alone simply cannot explain the sanctioning of retail sale of viticulturists' products or table beer. The decision on alcohol advertising also involves ideological considerations. In the light of all the above, the alcohol legislation has taken a huge step towards liberalisation. The interests of commerce and industry also strengthened their position in the field.

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Lee, Danielle, Laura Chiavaroli, Sabrina Ayoub-Charette, Tauseef A. Khan, Andreea Zurbau, Fei Au-Yeung, Annette Cheung et al. "Important Food Sources of Fructose-Containing Sugars and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials". Nutrients 14, n.º 14 (12 de julio de 2022): 2846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14142846.

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Background: Fructose providing excess calories in the form of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) increases markers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Whether this effect holds for other important food sources of fructose-containing sugars is unclear. To investigate the role of food source and energy, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials of the effect of fructose-containing sugars by food source at different levels of energy control on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) markers. Methods and Findings: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched through 7 January 2022 for controlled trials ≥7-days. Four trial designs were prespecified: substitution (energy-matched substitution of sugars for other macronutrients); addition (excess energy from sugars added to diets); subtraction (excess energy from sugars subtracted from diets); and ad libitum (energy from sugars freely replaced by other macronutrients). The primary outcome was intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL). Secondary outcomes were alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias. The certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. We included 51 trials (75 trial comparisons, n = 2059) of 10 food sources (sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs); sweetened dairy alternative; 100% fruit juice; fruit; dried fruit; mixed fruit sources; sweets and desserts; added nutritive sweetener; honey; and mixed sources (with SSBs)) in predominantly healthy mixed weight or overweight/obese younger adults. Total fructose-containing sugars increased IHCL (standardized mean difference = 1.72 [95% CI, 1.08 to 2.36], p < 0.001) in addition trials and decreased AST in subtraction trials with no effect on any outcome in substitution or ad libitum trials. There was evidence of influence by food source with SSBs increasing IHCL and ALT in addition trials and mixed sources (with SSBs) decreasing AST in subtraction trials. The certainty of evidence was high for the effect on IHCL and moderate for the effect on ALT for SSBs in addition trials, low for the effect on AST for the removal of energy from mixed sources (with SSBs) in subtraction trials, and generally low to moderate for all other comparisons. Conclusions: Energy control and food source appear to mediate the effect of fructose-containing sugars on NAFLD markers. The evidence provides a good indication that the addition of excess energy from SSBs leads to large increases in liver fat and small important increases in ALT while there is less of an indication that the removal of energy from mixed sources (with SSBs) leads to moderate reductions in AST. Varying uncertainty remains for the lack of effect of other important food sources of fructose-containing sugars at different levels of energy control.

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Cavallo, Carla, Gianni Cicia, Teresa Del Giudice, Raffaele Sacchi y Riccardo Vecchio. "Consumers’ Perceptions and Preferences for Bitterness in Vegetable Foods: The Case of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil and Brassicaceae—A Narrative Review". Nutrients 11, n.º 5 (24 de mayo de 2019): 1164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051164.

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The presence of some healthy phytochemicals in food can be paired with high bitterness, and consumers have a widespread avoidance toward bitter-tasting food. This causes a gap between preferences and healthy needs of consumers. Therefore, this review collected insights from literature belonging to different discipline domains in order to have a broad view of the current state-of-the-art about biochemical aspects and consumers’ perceptions and preferences toward foods with an enhanced bitter taste. In detail, we focused on two core products of the Mediterranean diet: Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) and Brassicaceae, both characterized by specific phytochemicals having strong healthy properties and bitter-pungent taste. Results suggested that, although bitter taste is a general driver of dislike, some exceptions can be represented by: niches of consumers (e.g., innovators and organic buyers), foods consumed with specific purposes (e.g., coffee, chocolate, and alcoholic beverages). The level of bitterness perceived by the consumers can be modulated through exposure, information on benefits, and elements within the environment (e.g., music). Thus, these insights can be used to develop specific campaigns aimed at promoting bitter (healthy) food, considering also the key role that could be played by food pairings.

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Pavlovska, N. "Some issues of administrative offenses". Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, n.º 2 (24 de julio de 2022): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.02.44.

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The article examines the study of the content and structure of administrative offenses (torts) during martial law, specifies their theoretical and practical basis. A detailed analysis of the stages of administrative offenses during martial law is considered, the accumulated scientific information and empirical base are summarized and based on them scientific and practical proposals and recommendations for improving their legal regulation, eliminating existing gaps and conflicts, and identifies areas their further development. It is claimed that administrative offenses (torts) during martial law are an independent institution of administrative law. The types of administrative penalties applied for committing administrative military offenses are determined. It is determined that the special period is the period from the moment of announcing the decision on mobilization (except the target) or bringing it to the executors of covert mobilization or from the moment of martial law in Ukraine or in some localities and covers mobilization time, wartime and partially rebuilding period after the end of hostilities. Military administrative offenses (torts) include: refusal to comply with the lawful requirements of the commander (chief) of Art. 172-10 Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; unauthorized leaving of a military unit or place of service of Art. 172-11 Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; careless destruction or damage to military property Art. 172-12 Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; abuse of power or official position by a military official of Art. 172-13 Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; excess of power or official authority by a military official of Art. 172-14 Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; careless attitude to military service Art. 172-15 Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; inaction of the military authorities Art. 172-16 Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; violation of the rules of combat duty of Art. 172-17 Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; violation of the rules of border service of Art. 172-18 Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; violation of the rules of handling weapons, as well as ammunition, explosives, other substances and objects that pose an increased danger to the environment of Art. 172-19 Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; drinking alcoholic, low-alcohol beverages or using drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues. 172-20 Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses.

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Qi, Hee Mei, Irene Lee Chin Ling y Muhammad Junaid Farukkh. "KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND CONSUMPTION PATTERN OF ALCOHOL AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AT A PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY". Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 22, n.º 3 (21 de diciembre de 2022): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.22/no.3/art.1603.

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Elevated levels of alcohol consumption among university students have been frequently reported over the past decades and this remains a considerable public health problem. To avert the severity of hazardous drinking among university students, it is significant to identify their knowledge, attitude, and consumption pattern of alcohol for better feasible intervention strategies. A cross-sectional study was conducted among university students aged 18-30 years using the convenience sampling method. The questionnaire was self-designed and validated by a panel of experts. Data were collected between August and September 2020 and analysed by SPSS version 20. A total of 374 participants completed the questionnaire. The prevalence of alcohol use was 81% and about third quarters of them had their first drinking before the legal age. The mean score for alcohol knowledge was 16.05 (SD = 4.31). More than half of them had good knowledge (54%) and a positive attitude towards alcohol use (54.3%). 77.6% of them showed irregular drinking behaviour and only a minority (22.7%) engaged in risky behaviours, among them, the most common were emotional outbursts, vomiting, and hangovers. A significant relationship was observed between alcohol use with family and peer influence effect, ethnicity, living condition and perceived parents’ socioeconomic status. There were lacunae in the government policies whereby the legislation and enforcement policy were insufficient to regulate or restrict the accessibility of alcoholic beverages for young people under the age of 21 and lacked strategies for enabling drinkers to track their alcohol intake. The relevant parties should focus on the necessary efforts to prevent underage drinking and improve alcohol use awareness.

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Кабицкий, Михаил Евгеньевич. "Traditional drinks and public spaces: An investigation of Southern Europe". ТРАДИЦИОННАЯ КУЛЬТУРА, n.º 2 (11 de noviembre de 2019): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26158/tk.2019.20.3.011.

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В современном этнографическом изучении питания принято уделять внимание не только составу и приготовлению пищи и напитков, но и практикам и традициям их употребления, связанным с ним нормам поведения, элементам этикета, комплексам значений, которые они несут, т. е. тому, что входит в понятие «культура потребления». Как и во многих других регионах мира, в Южной Европе вокруг употребления определенных алкогольных и безалкогольных напитков сложился устойчивый культурный контекст, локально привязанный к неким публичным пространствам, которые выступают как место общения, позволяя поддерживать сознание и чувство коллектива. Ряд аспектов данного традиционного явления проявляет значительную устойчивость, восходя отчасти, вероятно, к эпохе античности. С другой стороны, культура общественных пространств, связанных с употреблением напитков (таверн, баров, кафе и др.), переживает и достаточно динамичные изменения, влияющие на традиционный облик южноевропейской культуры и внимательно изучаемые в последнее время этноантропологами с применением ряда новаторских подходов. In the modern ethnographic study of nutrition, it is customary to pay attention not only to the composition and preparation of food and drink, but also to the practices and traditions of their use, behavioural norms, elements of etiquette, and the complexes of meanings that they carry - the things that are included in the notion of “the culture of consumption”. As in many other regions of the world, in Southern Europe a stable cultural context has developed around the use of certain alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages that are attached to certain public spaces. These act as a place of communication, allowing people to preserve their sense of community and local consciousness. Various aspects of this traditional phenomenon show considerable stability, probably going back, at least in part, to classical times. On the other hand, the culture of public spaces associated with the use of beverages (e. g., taverns, bars, cafés) is also undergoing dynamic change that affects the traditional image of southern European culture and which is being carefully studied by ethno-anthropologists using a number of innovative approaches.

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Shustrova, K. V. y M. O. Bohatyrova. "Current issues against smuggling in Ukraine". Наукові праці Національного університету “Одеська юридична академія” 28 (26 de julio de 2021): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32837/npnuola.v28i0.708.

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It is determined that in Ukraine there is an administrative and criminal liability for smuggling. Therefore, depending on the legal responsibility that is provided during the implementation of smuggling, smuggling is divided into: 1) smuggling, for which criminal liability is provided; 2) smuggling, for which administrative liability is provided. In addition, it is concluded that based on the definition of smuggling and directly the objects of smuggling, the following types of smuggling can be distinguished: 1) smuggling of historical and cultural values; 2) smuggling of explosives, radioactive materials, weapons or ammunition (except for smooth-bore hunting weapons or ammunition), parts of firearms; 3) smuggling of timber or lumber of valuable and rare species of trees, unprocessed timber, as well as other timber prohibited for export outside the customs territory of Ukraine; 4) smuggling of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their analogues or precursors or falsified drugs; 5) smuggling of special technical means of covert receipt of information; 6) others. It has been established that in addition to the listed items of smuggling, criminalization requires the smuggling of valuable and rare species of animals and plants and (or) endangered animals and plants, microbiological or other biological agents or toxins, transplant organs or human tissues, etc., as well as some types of smuggling in the field of transportation of goods and materials. Therefore, it is proposed to supplement the definition of smuggling by moving across the customs border of Ukraine outside customs control or with concealment from customs control of alcoholic beverages, tobacco products committed in significant amounts. And also Art. 201 of the Criminal Code to supplement the provisions on smuggling of alcoholic beverages, tobacco products committed in large amounts and in especially large amounts, as well as committed by prior conspiracy by a group of persons or a person previously convicted of a crime under this article or an official using official position. It is determined that in accordance with the most common classification of state bodies by the criterion of the breadth of competence, there are state bodies of general and special competence. If we follow this classification, the general bodies of counteraction to smuggling are state bodies of general competence, which are the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. The bodies of special competence are the security forces, judicial and law enforcement agencies.

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