Artículos de revistas: "Agriculturists"

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Mizuno, Asuka. "Identifying the ‘agriculturists’ in the Burma Delta in the colonial period: A new perspective on agriculturists based on a village tract's registers of holdings from the 1890s to the 1920s." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 42, no. 3 (September 9, 2011): 405–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463411000348.

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According to the existing studies on Myanmar's economic history, agricultural land in the Lower Myanmar delta was transferred from ‘agriculturists’ to ‘non-agriculturists’ under British colonial rule. However, a clear distinction could not be drawn between the agriculturists and non-agriculturists as was generally thought with respect to their economic activity. More importantly, the categories could be applied interchangeably. The purpose of this study is to reconsider the very concept of ‘agriculturist’ as a colonial category in British Burma by exploring the hitherto unused register of holdings (Register IA, U pain hmatpoun sayin).

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Paudel, MN. "Ethics of agriculturalists." Agronomy Journal of Nepal 2 (February 2, 2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v2i0.7516.

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Agronomy is the mother of agriculture and it is also synonymous to agricultur as well. Therefore, agronomy in general term in this article not only limits to the core discipline of agronomy and agronomists but also it entails the whole sphere of agriculture and agriculturists as well. Nonetheless, readers are humbly urged to take ethics of agronomists as the ethics of agriculturists for this is the agronomy journal’s article which is meant for agronomists in general perspectives. It has been mentioned in this paper that what are the ethical boundaries of agriculturists in professional capacity. The paper also describes what the ethical issues with respect to agronomist as a researcher and extensionist are entailing while executing their duty. Pressures have been brought to bear upon farming and those who serve it in any capacity to widen the list of tasks to which agriculture should be devoted. At one time, the role of agriculture was to produce food, but now many people expect agriculture to be carried out in an environmentally friendly way that maintains the rural economy. We now speak of multifunctional agriculture. One tool sometimes used to press those demands is an appeal to ethics. This appeal can appear to suggest that agriculturalists have been ethically negligent. Every agricultural ethicist knows by experience how poorly received that suggestion is. Agriculture is a vocation or profession that prides itself on the unquestionable value, even nobility, of its work. Whereas agronomists should be engaged for number of works in day to day life involving social justification in farming, soil fertility and sustainability, soil conservation, rural living condition, farming and environment, healthy and nontoxic food production to the masses in an affordable manner, and so on and so forth. Above all, there is a big morale of agriculturist to save Mother Nature for our future generation tailored with multinational companies, engaged in agriculture, which have big say in generating and disseminating agro-technologies which are mooted to profit making and patenting agro biodiversity. This paper sheds lights in all such issues and aware agriculturists if it is being done ethically on the part of agriculturists/agronomists. Also the paper cites what are the ethical concerns of agriculturists to make their profession ethically sound that include honesty, integrity, fairness, and service to the clienteles in question.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v2i0.7516 Agronomy Journal of Nepal (Agron JN) Vol. 2: 2011 pp.1-11

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Poochada, Worawan, and Sunisa Chailklieng. "Self-reported musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire for agriculturists: An online self-assessment tool development." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 21, 2022): e0277548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277548.

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The musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) severity and frequency questionnaire (MSFQ) has been used with agriculturists. Although it frequently appears in the literature, it does not periodically reflect the levels of MSDs. This study aimed to develop a MSDs assessment tool for agriculturists via an online database. The four hospitals that were assigned to the development and tryout group received a random selection of participants from 33 health promoting hospitals. In the development phase, 55 agriculturists (from two hospitals) completed the structured interview questionnaire. The MSFQ document for the analysis of MSDs symptoms among agriculturists was concentrated on the frequency and severity of symptoms. The online MSFQ was checked by using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) in a one-way random-effects model. In the tryout phase, a group of 44 agriculturists (from another two hospitals) completed a similar online MSFQ. Cronbach’s alpha was used to test the reliability of the online self-reported MSDs questionnaires. A Likert rating scale, used to measure the satisfaction of users, was divided into three categories: information, program design, and benefits. The development phase showed an ICC = 0.99 with a 95% CI = 0.98–0.99. More than 65 percent of agriculturists were female, aged from 41–50 years old. A large number of them were engaged in self-cultivation. Their main crops were rice and cassava. In total, 50% reported that they had experienced mild MSDs levels. The shoulder, knee-calf, and hip-thigh areas were the top three parts of the body where agriculturists had experienced MSDs from cultivation. Excellent reliability of online MSFQ was found after the tryout. The agriculturists were very satisfied overall (information, program design, and benefits). Developments to the MSFQ and online administration did not diminish its reliability for obtaining information about the level of MSDs of agriculturists’ musculoskeletal symptoms. This self-reported MSDs questionnaire was appropriate to be used among agriculturists.

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Kaewhao, Sapphasit. "BCG model knowledge and ESG knowledge leading to food security management of agriculturists in Maha Sarakham Province." African Educational Research Journal 11, no. 2 (June 9, 2023): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30918/aerj.112.23.036.

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The populations were agriculturists of Maha Sarakham Province in the year 2022. The Simple Random Sampling technique was employed to gather 400 agriculturists. The research instrument was a questionnaire, and it was used for data collection. Multiple Regression Analysis is an inferential statistic for data analysis. Descriptive statistics were mean, and standard deviation. The purpose of the research was to forecast the BCG Model knowledge and ESG knowledge leading to food security management of agriculturists in Maha Sarakham Province. The results demonstrated that the prediction equation of the relationship between independent variables of Bioeconomy (X1), Green economy (X3), Environment dimension (X4), Social dimension (X5), and Governance dimension (X6) leading dependent variable Food Security Management of agriculturists. The Green economy (X3) explained the most effect on Food Security Management (Y) of agriculturists with 40.40 percent with statistical significance at a level of 0.01. Subsequences were Environment dimension (X4) at 33.40 percent, Social dimension (X5) at 29.80 percent, Governance dimension (X6) at 25.60 percent, and Bioeconomy (X1) at 14.50 percent. Except for Circular economy (X2) with a negative direction of 14.20 percent and a non-statistical significance level of 0.05. Nonetheless, the other variables also lead to effective food security management of agriculturists. To manage food security, agriculturists are required to have actual bioeconomy, circular economy and green economy knowledge, and a clear understanding of ESG concepts in all aspects of environment, social, and governance dimensions, thus they can manage food security for themselves and their families.

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Bunnaen, Wutthisak. "Ability to Make Extra Income Agriculture of Agriculturist in Rubber Plantations in Somdet District, Karasin Province. Thailand." Archives of Agriculture Research and Technology (AART) 6, no. 1 (March 5, 2025): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.54026/aart/1076.

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The present agriculturists in Thailand are still facing the problem of gaining less profit from growing rubber trees. The main reason is that it takes a very long time for the rubber trees to grow until they can produce rubber latex. For this reason, some agriculturists have less income while waiting for the rubber trees' growth. So, some agriculturists decide to grow other useful plants to increase revenue, such as cassava, corn, etc. From the study of agricultural potentiality, in Somdet district, Kalasin province, using 20 percent of the population randomly, agriculturists can increase additional revenue by growing some additional plants in the rubber tree plantation fields when the rubber trees are 1-4 years old. The most important additional plants in Kalasin Province cover an area of the 280,530 rai, representing 12.29% of the total cultivated area. The average income of 11,537.5 baht per year is for agriculturists who don’t have an additional occupation. Moreover, agriculturists have additional revenue, at the very beginning of the planting season when the rubber trees are 1-4 years old, from raising cattle, with an average income of 10,5990.16 baht per year, higher than those who have no extra occupation by 24.9 percent.

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Lanchanon, Pradchamas. "Potential of Agricultural Lands for Conservation of Green Area in Chiang Mai City." Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies (JARS) 10, no. 2 (August 7, 2022): 115–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/jars.v10i2.16833.

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Chiang Mai, an important City in the northern part of Thailand, has been changed rapidly because ofurban development. This causes the increase of population and changes in land use, especially the rapiddecrease of agricultural lands which, as a result, affects on the environment and quality of life of people in thecity. The objectives of this research study were to investigate the potential of agricultural lands, the attitude ofthe agriculturist in the area on agricultural lands, and to give suggestions on how to conserve the agriculturallands sustainably by means of field survey, collected secondary data and interview 1,000 agriculturist withการศึกษาศักยภาพแหล่งเกษตรกรรม เพื่อการอนุรักษ์ให้เป็นพื้นที่สีเขียวของเมืองเชียงใหม่The Potential of Agricultural Lands for Conservation of Green Areain Chiang Mai Cityปรัชมาศ ลัญชานนท์Pradchamas Lanchanonคณะสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์และการออกแบบสิ่งแวดล้อม มหาวิทยาลัยแม่โจ้ เชียงใหม่ 50290Faculty of Architecture and Environmental Design, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, ThailandE-mail: lanchanon@gmail.com116 JARS 10(2). 2013questionnaires. The potential of agricultural lands was then analyzed by Potential Surface Analysis (PSA) andquantitative data was analyzed in terms of percentage and mean. It was found that the northern and easternplains were appropriate for farming, and the southern plain for horticulture. As for economics and social aspects,it revealed that there were sufficient supporting market for farm products, but the problems was high productioncost and low production price. However, the agriculturists want to conserve their agricultural lands, but they didnot have younger generations to do farming. To conserve the farm lands sustainably, it consisted of the landuse control for conservation of agricultural lands, tax measures, investment funds or cooperative, producttransformed promotion, the development of central markets for agricultural products, the implantation ofland-use awareness to the people and younger generations, the knowledge and information dissimilation tothe agriculturists and agricultural grouping.

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Karin, Kanmanee, and Kanokklao Klaeokla. "Economic and social impacts of household debt traps on quality of life and solutions for agriculturists in Buriram province." Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology 8, no. 5 (September 25, 2024): 2076–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v8i5.1957.

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This research aims to study the level of economic and social impacts of household debt traps on agriculturists, as well as the factors influencing their economic and social impacts on their quality of life. Additionally, it aims to study solutions to address household debt traps of agriculturists in the Sakae Phrong sub-district, Mueang district, Buriram province, using a mixed-methods approach. Data collection was divided into two phases: 1) Quantitative data analysis using a questionnaire as a research instrument with a sample group of 400 agriculturists in Sakae Phrong sub-district, Mueang district, Buriram province, employing proportional stratified random sampling and simple random sampling techniques. Statistical methods used for data analysis include frequency distribution, percentages, mean, standard deviation, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis using the PLS-SEM method with Bootstrapping procedure for hypothesis testing. Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis was conducted using SmartPLS software, and 2) Qualitative data analysis using focus group discussion with a sample group selected by purposive sampling of 6 individuals. The research findings revealed that 1) the economic impact ( = 3.72) and social impact (= 3.78) of household debt traps are at a high level, while agriculturists' quality of life ( = 2.69) is at a moderate level., 2) The economic and social impacts of household debt traps significantly influenced on the quality of life of agriculturists (Adjusted R2 = 0.42), with direct effects on agriculturists' quality of life from the economic impacts (ß = -0.49, p < 0.001) and social impacts (ß = 0.42, p < 0.05)., and 3) It is recommended to adjust the debt structure appropriately to the potential and fairness, enhance economic capacity, and strengthen financial literacy and immunity among agricultural households.

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Juji, George, and Jojo K. Joseph Dr. "Transforming Agriculturists to Agripreneurs – Awareness, Willingness and Difficulties." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 03, no. 09 (September 7, 2018): 158–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1411924.

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Agripreneurship is the process of developing the range of entrepreneurial activities by changing the quality of management in the process of cultivation. It is a deliberate practice of injecting entrepreneurial culture in farming which is essential to raise the profitability of agricultural sector. A clear understanding regarding the awareness of agriculturists about various agripreneurial activities they can undertake and their willingness to do so is essential to initiate a shift from agriculture to agribusiness. A comprehensive idea about the difficulties they have to face in this process is also required to raise such revolution in the current agricultural traditions. This study is intended to learn about the awareness level of agripreneurs regarding various activities they can undertake and willingness they possess as well as the difficulties they have to face during the process of transforming agriculturists to agripreneurs. Primary data for the study has been collected using pre-tested interview schedule from a sample of 70 agriculturists who were identified by way of non probability sampling techniques. The inferences drawn from the quantitative analysis of data collected states that agriculturists are willing to undertake agripreneurial activities, but they lack awareness regarding such agripreneurial avenues. The results also depict that the farmers have the potential to withstand the difficulties arising in the process of transforming agriculturists to agripreneurs. So it would be beneficial to the society if the agricultural institutions redesign and update the services provided by them to address this issue.

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Chaiklieng, Sunisa, Chuthamas Chagkornburee, and Pornnapa Suggaravetsiri. "Situations of work-related diseases and injuries among agriculturists in the upper northeast regions of Thailand." F1000Research 11 (May 5, 2023): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73221.3.

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Background: Agriculturists exposed to health hazards are affected by increased occupational disease. This retrospective study aimed to investigate situations of work-related diseases and injuries among agriculturists in upper northeast Thailand. Methods: The secondary data of international classification of diseases 10 th revision (ICD-10) case reports of occupational disease among farmers, from the database of the Health Data Center (HDC), were used. The registered farmers’ data was collected as a dataset from the provincial agricultural office and the data of the ICD-10 code, which was utilized from the hospital information system (HIS) of healthcare services in Udon Thani and Roi-Et provinces, was extracted for cases of work-related diseases and injuries of registered agriculturists. The annual morbidity rate of occupational diseases was analyzed and presented as a rate per 100,000 farmers. Results: Among diseases of farmers in the HDC database, lung disease, which was not reported as an occupational disease of the HDC database, was the highest ranking of all diseases, followed by work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), noise- and heat-related diseases, and pesticide toxicity, respectively, while the injury rate was as high as that of WMSDs. Those morbidity rates of Roi-Et and Udon Thani provinces were representative of the morbidity ranking of diseases of the nation and had increasing trends from 2014 to 2016. The number of farmers in the HDC database did not consistently reflect the number of registered farmers in the agricultural database. Conclusions: Situations of work-related diseases and injuries discovered among registered farmers reflect the health problems of Thai agriculturists, and the underestimation in the reported disease rate in the health database is explained by big data analysis, which showed that work-related cases with an identifying code of Y96 had rarely been reported among agriculturists. Therefore, the agriculturists should be supported in registration for occupational diseases and injuries surveillance.

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Chaiklieng, Sunisa, Chuthamas Chagkornburee, and Pornnapa Suggaravetsiri. "Situations of work-related diseases and injuries among agriculturists in the upper northeast regions of Thailand." F1000Research 11 (January 23, 2023): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73221.2.

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Background: Agriculturists exposed to health hazards are affected by increased occupational disease. This retrospective study aimed to investigate situations of work-related diseases and injuries among agriculturists in upper northeast Thailand. Methods: The secondary data of international classification of diseases 10 th revision (ICD-10) case reports of occupational disease among farmers, from the database of the Health Data Center (HDC), were used. The registered farmers data was collected as a dataset from the provincial agricultural office and the data of ICD-10 code utilised from the hospital information system (HIS) of healthcare services in Udon Thani and Roi-Et provinces, which was extracted for cases of work-related diseases and injuries of registered agriculturists. The annual morbidity rate of occupational diseases was analysed and presented at a rate per 100,000 farmers. Results: Among farmers in the HDC database, lung disease, which was not reported as occupational disease of the HDC database, was the highest ranking of all diseases, followed by work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), noise- and heat-related diseases, and pesticide toxicity, respectively, while the injury rate was as high as that of WMSDs. Those morbidity rates of Roi-Et and Udon Thani provinces were representative of the morbidity ranking of diseases of the nation and had increasing trends from 2014 to 2016. The number of farmers in the HDC database did not consistently reflect the number of registered farmers in the agricultural database. Conclusions: Situations of work-related diseases and injuries discovered among registered farmers reflect the health problems of Thai agriculturists, and the underestimation in the reported disease rate in the health database is explained by big data analysis, which showed that work-related cases with an identifying code of Y96 had rarely been reported among agriculturists. Therefore, Thai agriculturists should be supported in registration with occupational diseases and injuries surveillance as holistic healthcare

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Wongchantra, Prayoon, Suparat Ongon, Siripan Ponsen, Worapol Aengwanch, Likhit Junkaew, Kannika Sookngam, and Uraiwan Praimee. "Development of a training manual to enhance agriculturists' knowledge and skills in using African nightcrawler earthworm fertilizer for environmental conservation." International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES 11, no. 9 (September 2024): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2024.09.006.

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The aim of this research was to create a training manual that promotes the use of African nightcrawler earthworm fertilizer for environmental conservation among agriculturists. Additionally, the study aimed to compare the knowledge, attitudes, and skills related to using African nightcrawler earthworm fertilizer for environmental conservation before and after training. The sample included 30 agriculturists from Ban Han, Moo 4, Kwao sub-district, Muang district, Maha Sarakham province. Research instruments included a training manual, knowledge test, attitude test, and skills test related to the use of the fertilizer. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, and paired t-test with a statistical significance level of .05. The findings were as follows: 1) The training manual was found to be effective, with an efficiency rate of 88.93/81.07, meeting the established criteria. Agriculturists showed a 65.15% improvement in their knowledge of African nightcrawler earthworm fertilizer for environmental conservation after using the manual. 2) The agriculturists' average scores in knowledge, attitude, and practical skills related to using the fertilizer were significantly higher after training, with a statistical significance level of .05.

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Naveen, Sandhya. "Struggle of Agriculturists due to Modern Technology." International Research Journal on Advanced Science Hub 3, Special Issue ICARD 3S (March 23, 2021): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjash.2021.080.

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Jadhav, Priyanka, and Shaunak S. Kulkarni. "Occupational Health of Agriculturists of Satara District." Asian Man (The) - An International Journal 10, no. 2 (2016): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-6884.2016.00036.0.

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Editor, The. "Erratum." Agriculturists 11, no. 2 (January 1, 2014): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17498.

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In the paper entitled Insecticidal Activity of Some Plant Extracts Against Trogoderma granarium (E.) published in The Agriculturists 11(1): 103-111 (June 2013), the authors should be read as Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Sagheer, Ahmad Hammad, S. M. Mizanur Rahman and Mansoor-Ul-Hasan instead of Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Sagheer, Ahmad Hammad, S. M. Mizanur Rahman and Masoor-Ul-Hasan. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17498 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 114

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Owais Shafique and Rana M. Naeem Khan. "An Empirical Study on the Impact of Micro-Credit Financing on the Socio-Economic Status of Small Agriculturists in Pakistan." Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 1051–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v6i3.1367.

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This study empirically studies the impacts of micro-credit finance on the socio-economic status of small agriculturists in Pakistan. Little research has been conducted in this area in Pakistan. The data was gathered from 693 micro-credit finance participants and non-participants, at a 2 to 3 ratio, through an adapted questionnaire from the 8-clusters out of 12 clusters of 36 districts of Punjab using the cluster sampling technique. A survey was organized to perform the investigation in which two close-ended structured questionnaires were developed to collect data from the small agriculturists who owned less than twelve and a half acres of land. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the results of the study. Various statistical tests, such as EFA, SEM, KMO, ANOVA tests, etc., were used to test the expected hypothesis of the study and to confirm the affinity among variables. This research revealed that micro-credit finance has performed a positive role in developing the socio-economic status of small agriculturists after obtaining the micro-credit finance. The study indicated that micro-credit finance has played a significant role in changing and developing the socio-economic status of the respondents. Participation of small agriculturists enables the poor masses of rural areas to eradicate poverty in rural areas to enhance their living standards and to strengthen their financial conditions. The end results of the study revealed that most small agriculturists were taking benefits from micro-credit lending schemes. They also improved their socio-economic status and mitigated poverty. The findings of the study provide profound insight and should be helpful to regulators, policy makers, managers, microfinance institutions, government authorities, and all other stakeholders.

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Singvejsakul, Jittima, Chukiat Chaiboonsri, and Songsak Sriboonchitta. "The Optimization of Bayesian Extreme Value: Empirical Evidence for the Agricultural Commodities in the US." Economies 9, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies9010030.

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Bayesian extreme value analysis was used to forecast the optimal point in agricultural commodity futures prices in the United States for cocoa, coffee, corn, soybeans and wheat. Data were collected daily between 2000 and 2020. The estimation of extreme value can be empirically interpreted as representing crises or unusual time series trends, while the extreme optimal point is useful for investors and agriculturists to make decisions and better understand agricultural commodities future prices warning levels. Results from the Non-stationary Extreme Value Analysis (NEVA) software package using Bayesian inference and the Newton-optimal methods provided optimal interval values. These indicated extreme maximum points of future prices to inform investors and agriculturists to sell the contract and product before the commodity prices dropped to the next local minimum values. Thus, agriculturists can use this information as an advanced warming of alarming points of agricultural commodity prices to predict the efficient quantity of their agricultural product to sell, with better ways to manage this risk.

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Chaiklieng, Sunisa, Chuthamas Chagkornburee, and Pornnapa Suggaravetsiri. "Situations of work-related diseases and injuries among agriculturists in the upper northeast regions of Thailand." F1000Research 11 (February 4, 2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73221.1.

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Background: Agriculturists exposed to health hazards are affected by increased occupational disease. This retrospective study aimed to investigate situations of work-related diseases and injuries among agriculturists in upper northeast Thailand. Methods: The secondary data of international classification of diseases 10th revision (ICD-10) case reports of occupational disease among farmers for 2014-2016, from the database of the Health Data Center (HDC), were used. We collected the number of registered farmers from the agricultural office and secondary data of ICD-10 from the hospital information system (HIS) of healthcare services in Udon Thani and Roi-Et provinces. The annual morbidity rate of occupational diseases was analyzed and presented at a rate per 100,000 farmers of the studied area. Results: Among farmers who visited healthcare service providers, lung disease, which was not reported as occupational disease of the HDC database, was the highest ranking of all diseases, followed by work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), noise- and heat-related diseases, and pesticide toxicity, respectively, while the injury rate was as high as that of WMSDs. The morbidity rate of Udon Thani was higher than that of Roi-Et province, whose rate was closer to the national rate. The number of farmers from the HDC database was not reflective of numbers of registered farmers, even though the case reports of the HDC was lower than that of the HIS with occupational ICD-10 codes, which might explain the underestimation of the morbidity rate of occupational disease. Conclusions: The morbidity rate of lung disease, noise- and heat-related diseases, and pesticide toxicity increased every year (2014-2016) and reflects the health problems among agriculturists in Thailand. The underestimation in the reported disease rate is explained from big data analysis by the rare recording of work-related cases among those agriculturists. Therefore, Thai agriculturists should be supported in registration with occupational diseases surveillance as holistic healthcare.

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Ramya, V., and K. Mohamed Amanullah. "Cloud-Based Framework for Agriculturists based IOT Technology." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 7, no. 6 (June 30, 2017): 322–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse/v7i6/0270.

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Mohapatra, Badri Narayan, Rohan Vilas Jadhav, and Ketan Sunil Kharat. "A Prototype of Smart Agriculture System Using Internet of Thing Based on Blynk Application Platform." Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics 4, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i1.2.

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The research presents the use of the concept of Internet of Things in monitoring the crops and using it in other agricultural purposes. The field of agriculture has always demanded high standards of resources, professionalism and effort. Today majority of the world depends on agriculture for food consumption, economic growth, trade and employment. It also comes with various set of challenges for the agriculturists. Various agriculturists, famers, and scientists across the globe believe in formulating different plans and ideas to deal with these challenges. Smart farming system which is based on fastest growing Internet of Things (IOT) technology which will be cheaper and more productivity and cost effective. In this research we are focusing of handling various information about the crops under consideration and undertake required commands of the user, for a better management of the crops and the resources. Hence providing the agriculturists across various domains a robust and useful capability. Also promoting research and further exploration in the field of use of electronics and internet technology in agriculture.

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Srilekha, S., P. Navya Sri, G. SriSagar, and P. S. V. S. Sridhar. "JAIKISAN: An Interface For Telugu Farmer." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.32 (May 31, 2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.32.13530.

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An Indian farmer is one of the important members of society. The farmer has many kinds of work to do in the fields. Agriculturists furrow their fields. They sow the seeds, waters the fields frequently. They should be careful with the products. They have conjointly to sprinkle pesticides in the fields. Farmers basically depend on the rain. Sometimes rainfall will occur according to the season but sometimes no rainfall or very less rainfall and sometimes floods may occur damaging all crops and consequently great losses for farmers. Now we have decided to develop an interface in Telugu language, where farmers can easily find solutions to their problems. Interface helps the Agriculturists to get the information regarding rainfall, types of crops suitable for that particular land. Besides, we will also provide some related videos and expert advisors. The consumer can find their required information, queries through the interface. They receive supposed statistics, associated videos. The interface helps the Agriculturists to get the information regarding rainfall, types of crops suitable for that particular land.

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Singhavara, Montri, Kamoltip Panyasit, and Sakkarin Nonthapot. "Planning rice cultivation in a large plot agricultural system." Decision Science Letters 11, no. 1 (2022): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.dsl.2021.10.003.

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This research aimed to study the approach of the community toward the decision to grow rice and economic crops, including appropriate resource allocation for use on a farm under a large plot agricultural system. The study areas were in Phan district, Chiang Rai province, Thailand, and the data were collected from a sampling of 400 field agriculturalists. The method used was to develop a mathematical model for growing crops with multi-objectives and in multi-periods, together with an agriculturist representative and experts in multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM). This was to prioritize the importance of alternative crops and find the appropriate allocation of the resources to achieve the targeted goal. The results showed that agriculturists prioritized most toward the criteria for growing Japanese rice with a weight of 0.179 Kg., followed by transplanted rice, transplanted glutinous rice, garlic, sown paddy rice, and sown glutinous paddy rice, respectively. The study’s results also showed that the price fluctuation of the crop products resulted in more use of land and labor in order to increase the production to compensate for the low price, and this also resulted in the higher opportunity cost of growing transplanted rice. Therefore, growing transplanted rice during in season planting was considered the most effective way, while during the off season, either garlic or Japanese rice could be grown. A collective pattern for planning for using resources together in large plot agricultural areas, together with a clear marketing target would bring about effective use of the resources and reduce the risk in revenue from the fluctuation in prices and uncertainty of yields from drought. Moreover, technology development to solve the problem of the lack of labor would be deemed an important approach toward the enhancement of the competitiveness of agriculturists in the future as well.

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Mukembo, Stephen C., José M. Uscanga, M. Craig Edwards, and Nicholas R. Brown. "Increasing Female Enrollment for Agricultural Programs of Study in Sub-Saharan Africa: What Motivates Women to Pursue Careers in Agriculture?" Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 24, no. 1 (April 15, 2017): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2017.24104.

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Women in developing countries, especially in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA), play a critical role in ensuring food security and sovereignty for their families and nations. Unfortunately, in spite of this, their significance in the agricultural sector is seldom fully appreciated. Further, very few women in SSA are professionally trained agriculturists (Beintema & Di Marcantonio, 2009; Kanté, Edwards, & Blackwell, 2013), which has likely contributed to their low productivity per hectare in the agricultural sector compared to their male counterparts (O'Sullivan, Rao, Banerjee, Gulati, & Vinez, 2014). This study investigated the experiences of young, aspiring female agriculturists from Uganda who were members of Young Farmers’ Clubs (YFC) at high school to understand better how their club experiences may have impacted their career choices. Findings indicate the participants’ YFC activities, especially supervised agripreneurship projects (SAPs) and field trips, had transformative impacts on their choosing to study agriculture. However, gender stereotypes associated with females pursuing agricultural careers were still prevalent and discouraged them from becoming professional agriculturists. More research should be conducted about the impact of subjective norms (Ajzen, 1991) on females preparing to pursue careers in agriculture.

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Nakagawa, Tomomi, Hisashi Nakao, Kohei Tamura, Yui Arimatsu, Naoko Matsumoto, and Takehiko Matsugi. "Violence and warfare in prehistoric Japan." Letters on Evolutionary Behavioral Science 8, no. 1 (April 12, 2017): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5178/lebs.2017.55.

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The origins and consequences of warfare or large-scale intergroup violence have been subject of long debate. Based on exhaustive surveys of skeletal remains for prehistoric hunter-gatherers and agriculturists in Japan, the present study examines levels of inferred violence and their implications for two evolutionary models, which ground warfare in parochial altruism versus subsistence. The former assumes that frequent warfare played an important role in the evolution of altruism, while the latter sees warfare as promoted by social changes induced by agriculture. Our results are inconsistent with the parochial altruism model but consistent with the subsistence model, although the mortality values attributable to violence between hunter-gatherers and agriculturists were comparable.

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Saksiirisampant, W. "The parasitic diseases and occupational health in Thai agriculturists." Chulalongkorn Medical Journal 47, no. 3 (March 2003): 135–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.58837/chula.cmj.47.3.1.

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Ebuenga, Milagros, Rochele Aragon, Achilles Honasan, and Perla Fortin. "Employment Status of Sorsogon State College Castilla Campus Graduates From Year 2013-2017." East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 2, no. 3 (March 25, 2023): 953–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v2i3.3272.

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The study aimed to determine the Personal Profile and employment status of Bachelor of Science in Agriculture, Bachelor of Science in Agricultural Development, Bachelor in Agricultural Technology and Bachelor of Science in Veterinary Technology graduates from 2013-2017 of SSC Castilla Campus; determine the performance of graduates towards work; find out the problems met in line with their jobs; and recommend measures to address the problems towards employment. This is a descriptive study and used documentary analysis, survey questionnaire and individual interview. The respondents were the graduates of the four programs from 2013-2017. Samples were determined using the Paguso formula. Results showed that 52.72% of the graduates of the four programs are female, 60.25% of them are married and their age are ranges from 21-30 years old; graduates of BSA took the licensure examinations and 53.22% of them are license agriculturists while12.90% are license teachers. For BAT, 40% of them are licensed agriculturists while there are 11.11% license teachers. For BSAD, 71.43% are licensed teachers and there are 2.86% licensed agriculturists. The BSVT is a non-board program but there are 3.22% took an extra effort to qualify for the Licensure exam for teachers; It was noted that 97.91% of the graduates are employed while 2.09% are self-employed.

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Ruangsiriwattanakul, Chanida. "The Development of Prototype Equipment for Information System of Environmental Monitoring and Production Factor in Agroforestry Area, Uttaradit, Thailand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 886 (January 2019): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.886.233.

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This research aimed to develop the prototype equipment for an information system of environmental monitoring and production factors in an agroforestry area with concepts of wireless sensor network technology controlled by microcontroller. There were 2 parts: 1) the sensor node functions various environmental monitoring such as temperature, humidity, smoke in an agroforestry area of agriculturists, and 2) the gateway station functions data collection from the sensor node via the Internet network stored in the cloud database system. Results from the wireless sensor network is the data of the inputs in the agroforestry area, such as temperature, humidity and CO2which displays data on the information system that agriculturists can use information to monitoring the environment for agriculture and support an agriculture system management. Improve production processes to increase productivity and predict future output

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Palaniswamy, Vasumathi, and Krishna Raj. "Social media marketing adoption by agriculturists: A TAM based study." International Journal of Professional Business Review 7, no. 2 (September 26, 2022): e0537. http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2022.v7i2.537.

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Purpose : This research is intended to identify and analyse the underlying factors in the adoption of social media among agriculturists in South India. Theoretical Framework: Marketing through social media such as Whatsapp, Facebook and YouTube, particularly in India, is not well understood due to the lack of research in agricultural marketing. This paper bridges the research gap by applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and TAM. Design/ Methodology/Approach: A structured questionnaire is adopted for data collection. Primary data was collected from 320 agriculturalists in Tamilnadu, South India. Findings: Multiple regression is used to test the significance of the research model. It demonstrates that the perceived credibility, reference group, infotainment, and perceived usefulness had a significant positive impact on the adoption of social media marketing. At the same time, perceived ease of use has a negative effect on attitude towards the adoption of social media marketing. Research, Practical & Social Implications: The implication drawn from this study helps the researchers and agriculturalists use social media to increase farm product marketability. Originality/ Value: This research adds value to the agricultural marketing literature by exploring the novel determinants of the adoption of social media.

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28

Chýlová, H., P. Michálek, P. Rymešová, and L. Natovová. "Future Agriculturists: Czech and U.S. Agricultural Students’ Attitudes Towards Agriculture." Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 50, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sab-2019-0035.

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Abstract The future of agriculture in the EU is endangered by a constantly diminishing number of young skilled agricultural workers starting their career in agribusiness. The problem of not pursuing in the agricultural career after the university graduation forced us to compare different attitudes of students from the USA (Ohio State University) and the Czech Republic (Czech University of Life Sciences Prague). The article deals with the attitudes towards agriculture in two groups of agriculture university students (n = 201). The data were collected with the use of a standardized Questionnaire on Measuring the Affective and Cognitive Properties of Attitudes. The results of Man-Whitney test indicate that both groups of students show significantly more the affective than the cognitive base of their attitude. Furthermore, U.S. students display more positive attitudes towards the agriculture workers than Czech students. Authors bring forward the issue of attitudes in an attempt to find a way to influence the decision making of skilled agri-graduates to prefer the field of agribusiness over other careers and propose to focus on a change in attitudes, for example by the increase of the level of practical experience with agribusiness in school farm estates.

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Prasad, Shitala, Sateesh K. Peddoju, and Debashis Ghosh. "AgroMobile: A Cloud-Based Framework for Agriculturists on Mobile Platform." International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology 59 (October 31, 2013): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijast.2013.59.04.

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Yadav, Vedpal, and Alka Sharma. "CARVER+Shock 'Agriculture' Software for Agriculturists to Fight against Bioterrorism." International Journal of Computer Applications 24, no. 8 (June 30, 2011): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/2973-2776.

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31

Audouze, F., and C. Jarrige. "Nomadic Pastoralists and Sedentary Agriculturists in the Kachi Plain, Baluchistan." Studies in History 7, no. 2 (August 1991): 230–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/025764309100700204.

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32

Palaniswamy, Vasumathi, and Krishna Raj. "Social media marketing adoption by agriculturists: A TAM based study." International Journal of Professional Business Review 7, no. 3 (September 26, 2022): e0537. http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2022.v7i3.537.

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Purpose : This research is intended to identify and analyse the underlying factors in the adoption of social media among agriculturists in South India. Theoretical Framework: Marketing through social media such as Whatsapp, Facebook and YouTube, particularly in India, is not well understood due to the lack of research in agricultural marketing. This paper bridges the research gap by applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and TAM. Design/ Methodology/Approach: A structured questionnaire is adopted for data collection. Primary data was collected from 320 agriculturalists in Tamilnadu, South India. Findings: Multiple regression is used to test the significance of the research model. It demonstrates that the perceived credibility, reference group, infotainment, and perceived usefulness had a significant positive impact on the adoption of social media marketing. At the same time, perceived ease of use has a negative effect on attitude towards the adoption of social media marketing. Research, Practical & Social Implications: The implication drawn from this study helps the researchers and agriculturalists use social media to increase farm product marketability. Originality/ Value: This research adds value to the agricultural marketing literature by exploring the novel determinants of the adoption of social media.

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33

Beulah, S., and S. Saratha. "Buyers Fulfillment towards Organic Nourishment Items." ComFin Research 13, S1-i1-Mar (March 14, 2025): 172–77. https://doi.org/10.34293/commerce.v13is1-i1-mar.8675.

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The accessibility of organic items is vital for the development of natural cultivating within the nation. To move forward natural farming in India, we have to be create improved showcasing framework. This paper looks at how individuals in Disintegrate city see natural products and their promoting. The comes about appear that most individuals, especially in urban areas, favor natural nourishment. In any case, promoting of natural items is powerless in this region. In spite of the fact that the request for natural items is developing, the supply is exceptionally moo. A few reasons for this incorporate a need of natural agriculturists, inadequately showcase facilities, few stores offering natural items, and need of mindfulness. In the event that agriculturists and the government pay more consideration to natural farming, it’ll be less demanding to move forward the showcasing framework in Tamil Nadu.

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Metharat Chantanee, Pinyapat Nakpibal,. "Innovation of Community Potential Development in Khlong Luang district, Pathum Thani province." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 1666–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.965.

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This research had the following purposes :1) to study the participatory community potential; 2) to search for innovation of community potential development; 3) to study the impact of innovation on community in Khlong Luang district, Pathum Thani province. The data was collected by in-depth interviews, group discussion and SWOT analysis from key informants, such as the community leader, the chairman and the members of career group and community-based tourism group. The result showed that the community leader was a professional agriculturist, a positive and systematic person as well as having a sweeping vision. Moreover, the community worked together to utilize the resources and solve the problems. The agriculturists in this research area also took the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy and the new theory of agriculture to develop the community and showed the way of living with community based on“Home, Temple, School”. There was a sufficiency economy learning center with the government sponsorship. The innovations for community potential development were product and service innovations, marketing innovation and process innovation including the impact of innovation on community which was teamworking. Community networks were established and the income of the community was increased.

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Kovalenko, N. "Evolution of the use of instruments of till of soil in home agriculture." History of science and technology 6, no. 8 (June 22, 2016): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2016-6-8-129-139.

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Basic conformities to law and tendencies of forming of theoretical and practical bases of the use of instruments of till of soil are certain in agriculture. The looks of leading scientists-agriculturists are reflected in relation to effective till of soil in sowing of different agricultural cultures.

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Stephens, Carrie, Shelby Brawner, Amanda Dean, Christopher Stripling, and Danielle Sanok. "Reflective Journeys of Five Women Agriculturists in Australia: A Qualitative Study." Journal of Agricultural Education 59, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5032/jae.2018.01271.

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Prins, Frans E., and Sian Hall. "Expressions of fertility in the rock art of Bantu-speaking agriculturists." African Archaeological Review 12, no. 1 (December 1994): 171–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01953042.

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Angus and Owen Davies. "English agriculturists' attitudes towards grassland vegetation, 1780–1914: an ecological perspective." Landscape History 18, no. 1 (January 1996): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01433768.1996.10594485.

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Paerregaard, Karsten. "Complementarity and Duality: Oppositions between Agriculturists and Herders in an Andean Village." Ethnology 31, no. 1 (January 1992): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3773439.

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40

Schmidt, Christopher W., Jeremy J. Beach, Jacqueline I. McKinley, and Jacqueline T. Eng. "Distinguishing dietary indicators of pastoralists and agriculturists via dental microwear texture analysis." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 4, no. 1 (December 17, 2015): 014008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/4/1/014008.

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Pauketat, Timothy R. "Against Scott's Grain." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 29, no. 4 (October 30, 2019): 702–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774319000386.

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Cultivars domesticated and organized people. Cereal grain-growing agriculturists—at least those lucky enough to live in floodplains—exploited others in order to sustain themselves. From such preconditions, states were born, the organizational fragilities of which routinely led to their dissolution, and to other sorts of social forms in peripheral locations. This is James Scott's Against the Grain in a nutshell.

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Barrios, Exander T. "pataBanana: A Web-Based Decision Support Application for Calculating the Fertilizer Amount Based on Soil Test Result." Philippine Journal of Agricultural Economics 2, no. 1 (February 22, 2018): 70–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7719/pjae.v2i1.547.

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In the Philippines, the banana industry is one of best agricultural products and become a source of income for local Filipino farmers and foreign exchange earners for the country. In the Regional Research Agenda 2011-2016 issued by the National Economic Development Authority (NEDA), suitability of specific fertilizers on land/soil classes for varieties of bananas is one of the priorities. Researchers found out that agriculturists from Bureau of Soils and Water Management agency manually compute the fertilizer recommendation for a certain crop. The study aims to develop a web - based decision support application to assist agriculturists in calculating the exact amount of fertilizer by automating the computation process for fertilizer recommendation. The general formula given by the Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM) serves as the algorithm for calculation. Decision Support System is used for predicting the number of banana herbs to be planted and the number of hands and fingers to be harvested. Descriptive development method using Iterative process model was utilized in the study. The application was developed using PHP Laravel 5.3, semaphore API for the SMS feature and black box for testing procedure.

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Bala Murugan, MS, Manoj Kumar Rajagopal, and Diproop Roy. "IoT Based Smart Agriculture and Plant Disease Prediction." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2115, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2115/1/012017.

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Abstract Agriculture is a very prominent sector in our country and has been one of the highest contributors to the GDP. During the 1960s, an all-time high was reached with approximately 50% contribution to the GDP of the country, as more than half of the population was rural and focused primarily on agriculture as means of their livelihood. But from the latest records of 2019, the contribution by this sector has decreased to 15.96 percent. IoT plays a significant tole in remote sensing with machine learning in monitoring crops and surveying, which in turn aids agriculturists in ways for efficient field management. The proposed work integrates the role of Internet of Things and Deep learning deployment in farm management and disease identification of leaves. With the use of Internet of Things through remote sensing this work monitors the agriculture field parameters in remote cloud environment. With modified Resnet model deployed on the cloud for the purpose building a smart disease prediction. This system achieves 99.35% accuracy for the dataset. Overall this approach will provide an opportunity for agriculturists to test the plant disease with a smart phone connected to Internet and take appropriate actions.

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Nagabhushana Rao, M., K. Chakri Ajit, and G. Phanindra Kumar. "Smart Green House Based on IOT." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.32 (May 31, 2018): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.32.15579.

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In conventional strategy for cultivating, human works was necessary to see the greenhouse at particular point want to observe all the required levels physically. The regular technique is observed to be slow and require a large amount of effort and energy. Along these lines this analysis around building up a framework that can consequently screen and anticipate various changes in light, temperature Soil moisture and humidity levels of the greenhouse. The goal of the survey is that to build up a programmed monitoring device observing framework utilizing sensors and send email warnings and messages to the mobiles. The recommended framework has an estimation which equipped for identifying the levels of light, temperature,soil moisture and humidity. The framework additionally had an instrument to caution agriculturists with respect to the limitation change in the conservatory then safeguard measures can be taken in advance. In this examination, a few experiments was directed to a particular final aim to demonstrate the suitability of framework. Test outcomes showed that the dependability of the framework in spreading data straightforwardly to the agriculturists could be picked up astoundingly in different conditions

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Tangarommun, Thanisorn, Nattapon Kumyaito, and Klairung Ponanan. "Development of Exporting Fresh Fruits Ontology for Improving the Knowledge-Based System on the Domain of Export Process in Thailand." ECTI Transactions on Computer and Information Technology (ECTI-CIT) 18, no. 4 (September 28, 2024): 481–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37936/ecti-cit.2024184.255702.

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Thailand's exports are crucial to the country's economic income, with agricultural products among the most important. Import-export firms mainly manage the export process because agriculturists hesitate to deal with complex procedures. Based on the complex procedures and lack of knowledge about the export process, new entrepreneurs and agriculturists often struggle to export their products directly. Therefore, a simplied system is needed for those seeking information on export procedures. To address this, the Exporting Fresh Fruits Ontology was developed to en- hance the knowledge-based system for managing fresh fruit exports. This system involves three main steps: reviewing export processes and documents, generating ontology for the fresh fruit export domain, and developing the knowledge-based system. The Hozo Ontology Editor is the system's backbone, built using the Ontology-based Application Management (OAM) framework. The Exporting Fresh Fruits Ontology comprises 12 main classes, sub-classes, and attributes, capturing knowledge of the export process. It includes mappings between relational database entities and the ontology, capturing semantic information, and validating mapping consistency to eliminate errors. The results show that the Exporting Fresh Fruits Ontology performs well, achieving an average F-measure value of 0.98.

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G.C., Varadarajegowda, and Annapurna M.S. "PROGRESSIVE FARMING WITH RESPECT TO BEST PRACTICES IN KARNATAKA." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 6, S2 (February 15, 2019): 277–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2580795.

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<em>Dry spell, Loans, Untimely rains, and Low market costs it frequently appears agriculturists have unending enduring in their lives. Maybe that is one reason why none of us needs our children to wind up a rancher. Rather, we need them to submerge themselves in law or therapeutic books so they can make their vocations a major achievement. The Department of Agriculture in the territory of Karnataka has been made mostly to give Agricultural Extension administrations to ranchers and to exchange the most recent specialized information to the farming network, presentation of high yielding assortments, laying exhibitions, giving preparing to ranchers to enhance aptitudes and learning to help up the rural Production and profitability. Keeping the significance of organic farming, to expand utilization of organic excrement use for harvest generation, there is an earnest need to create and supply organic compost to the farming network. It is wanted to expand the organic town site program to hobble level. The target of the plan is to expand the agribusiness generation and efficiency by selection of Farm Mechanization. The plan is being actualized with five unique segments supply of Hi-tech Agriculture executes, and supply of recently planned rural actualizes. Karnataka has a solid horticultural convention and the state tries to be at the bleeding edge of agribusiness and to catch esteem expansion potential through Agro-based ventures, for example, nourishment handling. Of the considerable number of states in India, Karnataka is the principal state to concoct a different horticulture spending plan. The Government of Karnataka planned the organic farming arrangement in 2004 and arranged reason for the advancement of organic farming through appropriate administrative help, monetary help, government support and social help. Studies have announced that Karnataka model of organic farming was basically advertise arranged and not client driven. The State Government additionally broadened appropriate motivating forces and concessions for ranch handling exercises taken up by individual agriculturists or gatherings of agriculturists. Hence, the present paper focusing on the best progressive farming practices in the state of Karnataka.</em>

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Daie, Jaleh. "Yield: A Challenge for all Seasons." HortScience 23, no. 1 (February 1988): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.1.32.

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Abstract Human existence and civilization have always depended on an adequate supply of food. Throughout history, agriculturists have been at the helm of a remarkably successful enterprise to increase the quantity and improve the quality of the world food supplies. The giant achievements of the past, however, are dwarfed by the tasks that still lie ahead. As a reminder, the 5 billionth, currently living, individual of the human race was born in July 1986.

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Nagy, Adrián Szilárd. "Analysis of the expected income of several family types." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2007): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2007/1/6.

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In this essay, I deal with the problem of expected income of family holdings. Despite the fact that expected income is mentioned in numerous specialist publications and in political declarations, its definition and method of calculation are not detailed. On the basis of my research, I define the notion of expected income and I determine its scale concerning different family types for the year 2006, on the basis of a survey I carried out among 198 agriculturists.

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Amanolahi, Sekandar. "Traditional Economy of the Herder-Horticulturists of South Iran." Iran and the Caucasus 14, no. 1 (2010): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338410x12743419189261.

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AbstractThe traditional ecological adaptation of the herder-horticulturists of South Iran represents a distinct pattern of subsistence and a different type of adaptation. Being neither pastoral nomads nor sedentary agriculturists, their economy is maintained by a combination of herding (mainly goats) and cultivation of semi-wild orchards and rose bushes on the high altitudes, without the use of irrigation. This study is predominantly based on the field-work materials recorded during several years in the late 1980s.

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Stiller-Reeve, Mathew Alexander, Md Abu Syed, Thomas Spengler, Jennifer A. Spinney, and Rumana Hossain. "Complementing Scientific Monsoon Definitions with Social Perception in Bangladesh." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-13-00144.1.

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Abstract The monsoon onset is a critical event in the Bangladesh calendar, especially for the domestic agricultural sector. Providing information about the monsoon onset for the past, present, and future has potential benefit for a country so vulnerable to changes in climate. But, when does the monsoon start? To produce any scientific information about monsoon onsets, lengths, and withdrawals, we first need to apply a monsoon definition to our data. Choosing a scientific definition is not such a simple exercise in Bangladesh. Different definitions lead to different monsoon onsets and thereby also monsoon lengths. If a climate application aims to provide information about the monsoon onset, then we need to understand how the people who might use this information perceive the monsoon onset. We then need to understand how their perceptions compare with previous scientific work. In this study we carried out a structured questionnaire in six rural regions around Bangladesh and asked the local agriculturists how they defined the monsoon and when they thought it started. It turns out that the agriculturists and previous scientific publications do not necessarily agree. Our results do not undermine previous scientific work on the monsoon in Bangladesh, but they do carry an important message about how we should design, implement, and evaluate climate applications in Bangladesh that encompass the monsoon onset.

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