Tesis sobre el tema "Agriculture biologique – Conditions sociales"
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Nguyen, Quang Huy. "Facteurs sociaux et adoption de l’agriculture biologique : apport de l’analyse économique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAB006.
Texto completoThe primary object of this thesis is to examine the social factors influencing the adoption of organic agriculture. We derived and answered the central questions in the abovementioned chapters to realize this objective. Each chapter analyzed a group of factors (social norms; the training and technical advice, sales contract, certification and traceability, neighbors, and leadership; leadership and information sharing) comprehensively and applied respectively a different economic analysis to answer its question: meta-analysis regression; field experiment with discrete choice experience; theoretical model; and field experiment with Nash-bargaining game. This thesis may be a reference for designing and implementing contextualized lab-in-field experiments with farmers. It is one of the first studies to propose a theoretical building for lab-in-field experiments using Nash bargaining in organic agriculture
Vankeerberghen, Audrey. "Etre agriculteur bio: engagements individuels, engagements collectifs". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209890.
Texto completoDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Beat-Songué, Paulette. "La femme dans l'agriculture au Cameroun". Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL12001.
Texto completoThe purpose of this study is to describe the conditions of women in rural areas cameroon, who are those women ? What are their responsabilities ? And what problems they face in their work ? Our attention is focused on the regional differences in the status of women, their work, in traditional and modern societies. Our work is partially based on the data collected during afield-work researsh that we conducted in two villages, nlong and fontsa-toula. The natural conditions, the basic activities of the population, and the existing social organisation influence the sexual division of labour, land allocation, and the nature of feminine associations. This socio-cultural web will again influence the peasant activities today, our field data in nlong (eton's country, south central province) and fontsa-toula (bamileke's country western province) will confirm this hypothesis. It is essentially in the field of production, marketing of crops, and use of money, that we reveal the difference of strategies adopted by women in these two villages. It is true that the cultural back-ground of peasant women is adeterminant factor in analysis, nevertheless, we realize that if the problems of peasant women are accentuated because they are women, they joined also these of agricultural development in cameroon, and the rural world in general. Sexe is adiscriminating factor in : land allocation, mangement of domestic production and time use. . . .
Bonnel, Germain. "La main-d’œuvre en agriculture biologique : une approche par les risques du travail". Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1A018.
Texto completoOrganic farming holds a positive image with consumers. But people working in this area are poorly known regarding their working conditions. Producers, farmers and employees, must comply with strict specifications which, by prohibiting pesticides and other chemical inputs, involves more intensive physical work. The purpose of this dissertation is to understand how the health of those who work in organic production is compromised in order to meet consumers expectations. To this end, an ethnographic study based on 59 interviews (with, especially, employees and farmers) and nearly 200 hours of field observation was conducted in 18 organic farms producing vegetables in the North of France. An ideal-typical construction enables to cross-reference different types of exploitation according to their work organization and risk management. Thus, 'entrepreneurial' farms are characterized by a work organization based on the subordination and flexibility of the workforce, which is necessary to mask the risks taken in this occupation. "Family" farms do not hire labor, but may have outside help. This work being family-run risks are integrated into practices. “Social” farms are socio-professional integration structures and are characterized by a form of assisted work. Risk management is outsourced to the "Mutualité Sociale Agricole", an agricultural social protection organization which gives rise to a "protocolisation" of risk
Covas, António. "Les enjeux socio-politiques de l'intégration agricole du Portugal dans le système communautaire". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213426.
Texto completoAngélidou, Aliki. "Transformations sociales et recompositions de l'identité locale en Europe du sud-est : le cas de Vrabevo, un village bulgare post-socialiste". Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0193.
Texto completoOur research explores socio-economic and political changes as well as the construction of collective identities in a bulgarian village in the post-socialist era. This work reats the specific articulation of two defferent systems of practices and representations, a"capitalist" and a "socialist" one, into new complex "hybrid" products, of which the most representative is the new village cooperative farm. Trying to understand the actual ambivalence of bulgarian villagers we analyse in the longue durée the different socio-economic, political and identity processes, in their dynamic as a hole. The first part inscribes social transformations in a historical perspective since the creation of the village at the end 19th century. The second part treats the contemporary situation, while the last part deals with the question of the reconstruction of the local identuty as a "communist" one
Saboukoulou, Clément. "La ruralité congolaise d'une tradition écologique à une modernité polluante". Reims, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REIML008.
Texto completoDestremau, Blandine. "La République arabe du Yémen entre l'or vert et l'or noir : étude sur un système agraire". Amiens, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AMIE0004.
Texto completoRelatively isolated from the international economy for decades, the Yemen Arab Republic was quickly connected to it from the 1960's, in the context of the growing weight of the arabic oil rent and its redistribution. This opening led to considerable outflows of migrant labour force and inflows of remittances and imported goods, which submitted the old productive structures to an anhibiting and weakening competition. The dynamics which were established, whereby an increasing proportion of the economy became dependent on transfer incomes, were centered on distribution and bore a strong disicentive to production. The agrarian society, requiring an abundant labor force, endowed with relatively weak productive forces and production capacities handicapped by a rather difficult environment, was particularly affected. The dependency on food import grew correlatively. However, in the 1980's, the relative recession of the redistributive indirect rent economy set up the conditions for a recentering of the economy and better incentives for protected production activities, specifically in the agricultural sector. The future rests on a great part on the patterns of allocation of the country's new oil revenues, whether these revenues can be dedicated to the development of the country's productive capacity in order to satisfy in priority a strong demand for foodstuff, to secure the absorption of labour force and to reduce the dependency upon external sources of revenue, rather than restore rent allocation dynamics
Bouda, Seydou. "Rôle du capital humain dans le développement au Burkina Faso". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UCFA0158.
Texto completoAlways devoted a significant budget to education as one of the key variables contributing to the improvement of human capital. After so many efforts and means devoted to the improvement of human capital, one can legitimately wonder whether the improvement of human capital positively influences development in Burkina Faso. Several human capital indicators exist but many converge on the consideration that education is an essential element in its determination. Some studies find mixed results regarding the relationship between education and development. This study aims to analyze the effects of human capital on development in Burkina Faso. The first is to analyze the effects of education on the agricultural productivity of rural households; secondly, to analyze the role that education can play in the adoption of agricultural production techniques and thirdly to analyze the role that education can play in reducing inequalities. The results show that the level of education of the farm manager has a positive effect on the productivity of the main food and cash crops. In general, when the plot manager has the "literate level", technical inefficiency is reduced compared to those who have received no instruction. This inefficiency is further reduced when the farm manager reaches the primary or secondary level. For greater efficiency in the production of cash crops, the survey reveals that secondary education is the required level. Technical support for farmers, belonging to a group as well as being located in the sub-Sudanian zone make it possible to be more efficient. Similarly, the results show that a high level of education is associated with a greater probability of adopting new production techniques, while reducing polluting techniques such as the adoption of pesticides. The results also show that education is a source of inequality in well-being and whether in rural or urban areas, the effect is significant, but the magnitude is greater in urban than in rural areas. These results suggest that policy makers could place more emphasis on access to education enabling farmers to be efficient and adopt the most effective modern agricultural techniques, a guarantee of sustainable agriculture. In order to reduce income inequalities, it is necessary to reduce the disparities between town and country with regard to the chances of access to education, whether it is literacy or different levels of education. In Burkina Faso, cotton can be considered as the benchmark crop for agricultural policies. The public authorities will have to implement a proactive policy by capitalizing on the cultivation of cotton to apply it to certain food crops such as maize, rice and even cowpea, which are now well anchored in consumption habits in urban areas as in countrisides
Letréguilly, Olivier. "La transition dans les campagnes hongroises". Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20042.
Texto completoFirst, The Method, by Edgar Morin, aids to construct an epistemological reference. Thus the geographical and multidisciplinary approach to the vast questions posed in The Transition in Rural Hungary seems pertinent. The transition is conceived as the passage from a Socialist to Capitalist System according to the definition given by Janos Kornai. The study privileges the main organisational level of the transition: the national level. The former system first un ravels before the new one is instituted. This "cocoon" period (1991-1994) is followed by the gradual emergence of the post-socialist system, where traditions and elements of capitalism are combined. To understand the transition it is necessary to examine the Socialist System. The analysis of the situation in rural Hungary at the end of the Kadarist Period is supported by the study of the rural landscape, the relations between the city and the countryside, the politics of territorial development and the Hungarian agricultural model. It is shown why rural diversity was more marked at the local than at the regional level. The Democratic upheaval marked a decisive change from which emerged a profoundly changed political landscape. The geographical repartition of the legislative elections of 1990 reveals the reawakening of old regional differences, tempered by the domination of the new parties. The study of the property question, with the convergence of political, economic and social process, illustrates the complexity of the transition. A particular study is given to the legislation concerning land privatisation and the difficulties of putting it into practise. The agricultural sector was weakened by the wish to compensate the vistims of the socialist regime. Finally, a case history illustrates the transition at the local level and shows how the questions of localisation and regional dynamics increased in signifiance for the rural society
Faye, Adji Astou. "L'espace économique et social de la femme dans une région du Sénégal : Kaolack". Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100052.
Texto completoPróntzas, Vaggélīs. "La monétarisation et la différenciation des cultures en Thessalie : 1881-1912". Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010598.
Texto completoFranck, Alice. "Produire pour la ville, produire la ville : étude de l’intégration des activités agricoles et des agriculteurs dans l’agglomération du grand Khartoum (Soudan)". Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100131.
Texto completoThe question of farmers and agriculture in African cities has already been largely studied. If the situation of agriculture in Khartoum presents similarities with other African cities, there are nevertheless interesting differences, one of which being the modes of starting and growing of these activities. By placing Khartoum’s case in a global context, this research presents the interest of an original African agglomeration, because located at the meeting point between north Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. This work takes into account a large panel of agricultural activities, in order to highlight the diversity of urban agriculture in Khartoum and to lead a comparative analysis. The spatial frame of this work is the entire territory of the Sudanese capital, in order to question the viability of an agricultural use of space, in the globality of the urban territory. This work will clarify the ambiguous relationship between the city and its farmers, in order to raise the question of the sustainability of agricultural activities in an urban area. The work will highlight the constraints on urban farming and describe the elements allowing the sustainability of these activities and their displacements following each extension of the city. If the future of urban agriculture depends mainly on governmental politics, it is also strongly related to the socio-economic integration of farmers. Finally, this study will consider the ambivalence of the relationship between the city and its farmers, which is exacerbated by the spatial and demographical growing of Greater Khartoum and by the Sudanese political and economical changes. This will lead to a debate upon the City itself and a broader approach of urban politics, land tenure pattern, along with insertion and adaptation modes of migrants
Valette, Armance. "Le rôle des pesticides dans le choix de la conversion bio chez les agriculteurs. Etude de la dynamique de changement des représentations et des pratiques". Thesis, Nîmes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NIME0002/document.
Texto completoThese works question the relation between social representations and practices in order to propose an alternative to purely representational or praxiological determinism. The empirical studies conducted led us to posit a circular relationship, a reciprocal influence between representations and practices. The first part of this work was conducted within the “Psychopest” research program, whose aim was to study the social representations of pesticides among farmers and trainee farmers in three French territories: Britanny, Martinique and the South-East. In an applied perspective, the aim was to work towards reducing pesticide use. Through the results, we observed the influence and importance of agricultural territory: social representations of pesticides were different depending on geo-cultural and environmental specificities. Unilateral national directives hence hold little meaning for reducing pesticide use. To continue this work, we met farmers who were in the process of changing their farming practices. The objective was to focus on links between social representations and practices, as well as to study, from an applied point of view, the motivations to convert to organic farming and thus make recommendations for reducing phytosanitary product use. This second field study focused on three hypotheses regarding the circular relationship between representations and practices, by simultaneously studying three representations (pesticides, farming and risk) in two distinct groups (conventional farmers and converting farmers); it also enabled us to study the relation between several representations. Compared to conventional farmers, the social representations among converting farmers have changed. Moreover, we observed more overlap between the representations of pesticides, farming and risk among these farmers. Contrariwise, the social representations among conventional farmers presented the least connections and thus appeared more independent from one another. The social representations and practices of converting farmers have evolved and their representational “set” (pesticides, farming and risk) hold connections that should be further studied. Both groups of farmers (conventional or conversion) differed on all measures. Indeed, converting farmers were more anxious about pesticides, more involved in trying to reduce their use, and less attached to farmers in general. Hence, these results support the circular relationship between practices and representations suggested in this work
Romero, Mária. "La structure agraire costaricienne dans le contexte de la politique néo-libérale: actualité et perspectives". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213181.
Texto completoSoucy, Claire. "Le travail féminin en milieu rural agricole dans la région du Bas Saint-Laurent (1920-1950)". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29402.
Texto completoPark, Song Yong. "Echanges économiques et relations sociales dans deux communautés villageoises de Corée". Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10022.
Texto completoThe comparative study of the original genuine features of two korean communities will underline the social logics at work in order to explain the ethnographical data concerning their respective economical exchanges and social relationship. In the village of sampyong, the industrialization and urbanization is closely related to social classes differentiatied both from an economical and a social point of view, and to the various marketing strategies put forward in that rural community. The economical exchanges influence the type of social network and sociability. In the village of pilsan, the penetration of industrialization and the expansion of the means of transfort carry out the transformation of the social, and geographical space. Considering that the relation of consanguinity plays an important role in the dayly life of local people, more particulary, for close relatives, for whom economical exchanges may occur without any calculationas regards mariage and funerals. The spacial representation of periodical fairs depend on differend geographical, economical and social items. The mariage sphere of the village residents lies within the sphere of the fair, though we can notice a wider range for females than for males
Montes, Lihn Jaime Andres. "Apprentissage inter-organisationnel au sein des réseaux interindividuels : le cas de la conversion de viticulteurs à l'agriculture biologique". Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090052.
Texto completoThis PhD dissertation combines the approaches of economic sociology and sociology of knowledge in order to analyze the social mechanisms underlying the conversion into organic farming. Based on an empirical study and analysis of a complete social network describing the interdependencies among over 60 wine producers certified in organic farming or in the process of getting the official certification in French Côte de Beaune, this research analyzes the collective learning process on which this transition relies. The thesis proves the existence of two types of learning process, which are defined by the social borders of reference groups (or social niches); it analyzes the key role of pioneers of the social milieu in both learning processes and studies the regularities structuring social exchanges. These regularities allow us to confirm that wine producers take into account in their reasoning both the identity aspect related to their conversion to organic farming and their economic position, in a trend towards “coopetition”
Kazic, Dusan. "Plantes animées. De la production aux relations avec les plantes". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLA027.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with animated relationships between peasants and their plants in French fields. For some, plants are sentient and intelligent beings, for others they are working beings, accompanying beings, game beings, suffering beings. Some peasants speak to their plants, others weave loving relationships, and let their plants teach them how to cultivate them in the fields. In describing these relationships, the thesis shows that, thanks to the sensitive relations that these peasants weave with their plants, they animate them by leaving naturalist epistemologies aside. By taking these words seriously, literally, the thesis defends the hypothesis that, in order to prevent the agricultural world from becoming ruins, we must no longer seek to "produce differently", but we must break with the paradigm of production to anchor peasants and their plants in co-evolutionary relationships. By plunging into the history of modernity, that is to say by revisiting the conflict between the peasant world on one side and the modern world on the other, with the arrival of the physiocrats among the French intellectual and policy-making bodies, this thesis shows that the concept of production is based on a universalist and naturalized approach that has been imposed without any empirical basis in the agricultural world and in the modern world more widely
Granié, Anne-Marie. "Espaces et pouvoirs de la femme paysanne lomagnole : tradition et modernité : du statut de paysanne à celui d'agricultrice". Toulouse 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU20059.
Texto completoThe purpose of this thesis was to understand the roles played and spaces wielded by farmer women in terms of reel or symbolic powers in the three fold system family farm - environment. This survey has been achieved within a limited geographic area called "Lomagne", characterized by polyculture and breeding cattle as the main mode of production. That is obtained through the method of crossed biographies shows that women have some mastery over the organization of space and time. Taking into account social and cultural identities enables us to understand places and roles played by women in the rural area of Lomagne: family space, technical, economic and local. Whatever it be as for as age and denomination is concerned ("wife of farmer", "woman farmer", "partner") the women we have meet, claim typically feminine spaces. What makes difference is connected with their participation in farming, fields of responsibility within the farmer-work of the concern and environment. . . We are in a transient phase in which, farmer women have to find out new grounds, new strategies to maintain the balance of the system, bearing in mind the modifications the modernity brought about. As they are responsible of family time, life time, and house hold space, their shared participation in the farming concern diminishes (setting aside those who run concern in the traditional field of ducks and goose breeding or garlic production). Peasant women have traditional practices rather strong, deeply rooted in a country which brings back to some kind of power. Farmer women more settled down in modernity, live new situations although hot completely in rupture with traditional practices pertaining to this soil; but elaborate strategies to find a new state of balance and powers
Bois, Hélène. "Les aumôniers et la déconfessionnalisation des institutions économico-sociales québécoises (1940-1972)". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28460.
Texto completoNyama, Abraham. "Les villages des régions de Ndendé (Gabon) et Divenié (Congo) : essai d'étude comparée de 1934 à 1995". Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010568.
Texto completoLandry-Desaulniers, Joany. "L'intégration socioéconomique des populations des régions montagneuses au sud du Laos : le cas de la province de Champassak : 1981-2015". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32687.
Texto completoDuring the past 35 years, like other countries in Southeast Asia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic went through major changes, especially as the Pathet Lao took control over the country, becoming the official Government. Many steps were taken by the new government to build the Lao nation, such as the ‘collectivization’ program. In 1986, after the failure of previous measures, the Communist Party implemented free-market reforms in a way to increase economic growth. This was done by encouraging foreign investment and the country’s economic development. Over the last three decades, Lao citizens had to adapt to these changes; especially in mountainous areas, where agrarian changes occurred. Among them, cash crops, monocropping and plantations have modified the landscape and the socioeconomic geography of the territory. From these findings, questions emerge, such as: Who is motivating socioeconomic and territorial integration of mountainous and marginal regions to different levels? What are the goals pursued by the actors of the socioeconomic and territorial integration and which strategies are adopted? What are the factors that contribute to various paces in the rhythm of adaptation? Where do people acquire their knowledge to adapt to the changes generated by integration policies and strategies? A better understanding of the process underlying the socioeconomic regional integration of the country into the global market, from 1981 to 2015, is the general objective of this research. Based on a case study of Bachieng Chaleunsouk and Pathoumphone districts, located at the margins of the Bolaven Plateau, in Champasak region, this research demonstrates how development generates new dynamics between the people, the state and the market.
Bermond, Michaël. "Agriculture, familles, exploitations en Normandie au début du XXIème siècle : produire et se reproduire dans la crise : éléments de géographie sociale". Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN1397.
Texto completoLukumay, Joseph John. "Maasai's livelihoods transformation and changes : the case of Monduli (North Tanzania)". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20081.
Texto completoMaasai lifestyles and livelihoods have been undergoing various changes like other persons but pastoralism has remained their core livelihood activity. However, the current situation is different. They are no longer able to relay solemnly on pastoralism as their main livelihood activity and others have exited pastoralism and opted for other livelihoodAmong the forces exerting changes in pastoralism are policies on land tenure and land uses which were created and implemented by governments at different times. Kuney (1994) report that about 60% of the former Maasai grazing land in Tanzania has been put under intensive agricultural production. Attainment of education increased exposure to other livelihoods styles created ideological shifts especially among the youths with regard to relevance, rationale, sustainability, and feasibility of pastoralism as a livelihood activity in the current context
Moriceau, Jean-Marc. "Les Fermiers de l'Ile-de-France : ascension d'un groupe social (1400-1750)". Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010649.
Texto completoIn the country surrounding Paris, commercial agriculture favoured development of a great farmers class, economically high tech. Fixed here from the later middle ages, they set themselves up as a social group of notables during the 16th. From 1550 to 1650, big estate go through secondaries changes, within the context of a still diversified agriculture. Between 1650 and 1750, the change is general. The size of farmes treble, the cereal specialization increase and social distances grow between weak farmers who collapse and biggest who get rich and ennoble. Relations with paris increase. The group widen his geographical and cultural horizons. In the middle of the 18th, a new rural elite is born : gentlemen-farmers, who has no cause to be jalous of their english equivalents
Lubana, Ngiyene Emena. "L'organisation de la société paysanne et la situation du mouvement associatif coopératif dans le Tiers Monde: l'interface entre les associations rurales .le cas du Bas-Zaïre". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213113.
Texto completoMatha, Dematha Nikolitsa. "Habitat et rapports socio-économiques à Sifnos (deuxième moitié du XIXe - début du XXe siècle)". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010680.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the forms of habitat and the evolution of the socio-economic structures in sifnos during the second half of the XIXe century and the beginning of the XXe century. It describes a society hierarchisied in ranks rather than divided between classes. At the top we find a minority relatively rich of land owners and of people linked to maritime and commercial activities (capitains, shipowners, merchants). Ownership of land plays an important role. Its importance is seen through two sets of documents, contracts of marriage and dowry and testaments. Sifnos after the independence of greece enjoys for some time a new local dynamism but enters into a slow decay process at the end of the xixe century. More and more of its inhabitants migrate to athens or foreign countries once the opportunities to make fortune within the limits of the ottoman empire disappear
Marti, Marc. "Ville et campagne dans l'Espagne des Lumières (1746-1808)". Saint-Etienne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STET2023.
Texto completoThis research is a study of the development of the relations between the Spanish country side and towns in the age of the enlightenment. It doesn't limit itself to the economic and social aspects, but extends to the institutions, the political discourse as well as the literature. The first part that deals with the economic and social interrelations between the town and the country into space and demography, the division of labour, the movements of population, agriculture and its place in the economy and finally the production and trade of wheat. This first part is based upon classical works and recent regional monograph. The second part is devoted to the place of agriculture in the economic discourse and in the "economic societies of the friends of the countryside". An investigation into the heraldry and the mottoes of these "economic societies" reveals the part played by farming in the economic development scheme proposed by these societies. An in depth study of the economic publication of the time confirms the emergence of these themes between 1770 and 1970. Finally, we have noted the originality and the specifity of Spanish agrarian thought, far removed - although contemporary - from the French one. The last part covers the relations between literature and the society, and more particulary the way society conveys the issues of town and country through three fundamental genres: poetry, drama and fiction - in which one notes the re-emergence and the revitalization of pastoral themes, the "alabanza de aldea" and the myth of the golden age
Le, Gall Julie. "Buenos Aires maraîchère : une Buenos Aires bolivienne ? : le complexe maraîcher de la région métropolitaine à l'épreuve de nouveaux acteurs". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00682541.
Texto completoPolignano, Giacomo. "Il territorio et i poteri : conflitti per l'uso dello spazio nella Puglia agro-pastorale di età moderna : il caso di Barletta". Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0154.
Texto completoThis research focuses on the process of organization and representation of space in a peripheral area of the «ancient régime» Mezzogiorno through the analysis of the relationship between institutions and the territory. The case study is Barletta, a populous town in the old province of Terra di Bari, near the Capitanata province boundary and near the mouth of river Ofanto. The town builds up in the Middle Ages its territory, almost entirely destined to pasture and corn growing. By the end of the XV and up to the XVIII centuries this territory is subject to different agrarian and juridical regimes. The main historiographie argument is that, in a social political context overweighed with authorities, norms and boundaries, territorial construction is the result of a confrontation among institutions who uphold different solutions when it comes to land exploitation. This confrontation is characterized to a great depth by conflicts, thus revealing dynamic elements within the social body
Farcy, Jean-Claude. "Les paysans beaucerons : de la fin de l'Ancien Régime au lendemain de la première guerre mondiale". Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100132.
Texto completoConord, Fabien. "Les rets de la modernité". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20025.
Texto completoLlorca, Loureiro Iria. "La cocina en la Comunidad Campesina de Vicos de los Andes peruanos : entre la "tradición" local y la globalización mundial". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25631.
Texto completoDesde tiempos prehispánicos, los campesinos de la Comunidad de Vicos en los Andes peruanos han ido desarrollando prácticas y hábitos alimenticios con los cuales se han sentido identificados. A lo largo de la historia, la cocina local ha sido el resultado de la incorporación y el abandono de insumos, técnicas, utensilios, saberes y comportamientos, pero sin embargo, en las últimas décadas el desarrollo de un nuevo sistema planetario, el llamado globalización, está causando nuevos impactos en las prácticas alimenticias. Siendo Vicos una población rural y agrícola, vinculada directamente a los ciclos de la naturaleza y a las creencias locales, nuestro interés reside en investigar cómo la cocina local de este lugar puede ser influencida en el presente, por las tendencias de la globalización y por las “tradiciones” heredadas de sus antepasados.
Barral, Stéphanie. "Le nouvel esprit du capitalisme agraire : les formes de l’autonomie ouvrière dans les plantations de palmier à huile en Indonésie". Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0017.
Texto completoWage labor in agriculture is globally growing with the expansion of a capitalistic agriculture. Yet, this form of labor is not very much studied in Social Sciences. This research, built on the Sociology of Work, questions the social conditions that underlie agrarian capitalism. The approach focuses on the definition of workers’ autonomy, security and common good in large palm tree plantations in Indonesia. The thesis tests first the notion of “spirit of capitalism” as developed by Boltanski and Chiapello, applying it to workers – not to executives. It applies then this notion in a society where the Welfare regime is poorly developed. Field work, when contrasted against an historical ideal type of plantation capitalism, shows a change in the state of this capitalism since the 1970s. Conflict was the main mode that regulated labor during the first century of plantations development. The dismantling of a number of social protections and a new tolerance toward freedom of entrepreneurship brought social peace. Two forms of autonomy rose, which are mainly determined by the local conditions of access to land : controlled autonomy and acquired autonomy. A monographic approach of workers’ private lives witnesses however the remaining influence of hierarchical domination. The thesis concludes that partial autonomy, subtly associated with a strong and accepted control leads to the reinforcement of plantation capitalism. Results offer also food for thought on the wider issue of contemporary agrarian capitalism
Ilunga-Ilunga, Félicien. "Le paludisme grave de l'enfant: profil des ménages, aspects épidémio-cliniques, et analyse de coûts de prise en charge dans les hôpitaux de Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209063.
Texto completoObjectifs et hypothèses.
Les hypothèses suivantes ont été posées:
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Doctorat en Sciences de la santé publique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Jimenez, Elodie. "Influences des jeux d’actions et de rétroaction des sous-systèmes sociaux sur les variables de bien-être professionnel : le cas des chefs d’exploitation agricole costarmoricains". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20061.
Texto completoIn the midst of an economie, social and environmental crisis, the costarmoricain' s agricultural world has been going through a very difficult time in the last few years. They pay the priee of a depressed climate due to changes in market. Thus, at a pivotai point in agricultural history, the objective of this study is to examine key factors in the professional well-being within the context of reconciling global and local needs. Beyond a simply profession, the profession of farmer is inscribed in its own socio-economical rule system composed of its own sub-systems. So, the agricultural system consists of many approaches, strategies, players and unique identities. With understanding perspective, this thesis tries to understand the impact of situational, structural and cultural factors on professional well-being of farmer in Armor coast through systems modelling approach. Thus, the varions components of professional variables and risk factors are apprehended
Jönsson, Madeleine. "Political economics of gender relations in information and communication technologies in agricultural development. The case of knowledge-based platforms for farmers in Kenya". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLA018/document.
Texto completoLow-income sub-Saharan African countries are confronted with demographic explosion since the last 60 years. Consequently, agriculture plays a key role in ensuring food security. The agricultural sector is also the main source of employment in this region. Women are the major contributing labour force in agriculture in these sub-Saharan African countries. Connected to their key role in the agricultural sector, women farmers are prioritised in policy intervention. Moreover, agricultural extension services are necessary to adapt to different constraints in these countries. Transfer of knowledge is also required to guarantee farm yields and consequently improve small-scale farmers’ livelihoods. Lately, information and communication technologies (ICTs) have enabled the development of new tools, aimed at improving the scope and the effectiveness of advisory services. Policy makers in sub-Saharan African countries are nonetheless confronted with critical questions regarding the impact of these tools, which can also contribute to a ‘digital gender gap’. These issues particularly concern women farmers.This PhD research analyses how ICT tools take into account gender relations, and the situation of women farmers. The thesis is based on the case of Kenya. The dissertation particularly focuses on the development of knowledge-based platforms in agriculture, an ICT policy instrument used by the Kenyan Government to achieve public policy objectives. This country is emblematic because it believes in the assumption that platforms can be inclusive of women farmers’. To answer to this research question, the work is based on three different institutional economic research approaches: feminist economics, the French regulation theory, and economics of services. A conceptual and methodological framework is presented to analyse the inclusion of gender equality in knowledge-based platforms at macro-, meso-, and micro- level.The results provide evidence that gender equality objectives is a fundamental guiding principle to the Government of Kenya. The analysis show that platforms are considered as new tools of inclusiveness in farm advisory services innovation. Observations from a developed platform typology framework show however that platforms can be source of gender inequality. It especially concerns women farmers unequal access to these instruments and the standardised services that they offer. This is essentially related to the institutional nature of the platform. Indeed, as it turns out, a high number of these instruments are based upon complex partnerships, and financed by multi-national corporations and/or foundations from the agrifood industry based in the Northern hemisphere. Combining institutional economic approaches allowed to bring out critical points of inclusion to be considered by policy makers and platform developers. Disregarding these specificities may make these platforms into new vectors of exclusion. Recognising and taking into account the conditions for inclusion can bring to light powerful levers for improving the efficiency of platforms
Mailloux, Caroline. "Les certifications comme outils d'amélioration des conditions de vie des collectivités du Sud : étude de cas d'une filière textile biologique et équitable en Inde". Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3376/1/M11338.pdf.
Texto completoSimard, Robert Maxime. "Le droit à l'information au cœur des impératifs commerciaux du développement durable : le précédent de l'agriculture biologique". Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12723.
Texto completoOrganic farming is the result of a long struggle of the consumer and the citizen to know and control the quality of its food. Its rising popularity confirms that the availability of information on the supply plays a central role to economic and social demand. This trend supports the emergence of a new element within the corpus of human rights: the right to information. This study examines the stages of its formation and takes for example the organic food chain. It represents a pioneering model of hybridation between private law and public law. We first examine how the activity of civil and private sectors food helped foment the desire of consumer information, and then put it in jeopardy. Along with this, we propose to analyze the impact and influence of the corpus of rights and principles of sustainable development of the organic sector, but especially on the recognition of the need for consumer information. Finally, we present an overview of government regulation of the organic designation, its logo and its label. In order to do this, we evaluate the measures in place according to the criterias of accuracy, accessibility and completeness of the information disclosed to the consumer. In light of our analysis, the consumer can draw their own conclusions on the best normative responses to their needs. What measures between transnational law, international law and national law provide the best outcome? Which of these legal forms is able to promote a form of responsible consumption where consumers no longer face barriers to its choice?