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Alina, Yudina y Osherova I.P. "THE SPECIFIC OF THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ANXIETY AND AGGRESSIVENESS AMONG UKRAINIAN WOMEN IN WAR CONDITIONS". Bulletin of Alfred Nobel University Series "Pedagogy and Psychology» 1, n.º 25 (15 de junio de 2023): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2522-4115-2023-1-25-17.
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The issue of the relationships between anxiety and aggressiveness among Ukrainian women in war conditions has been dealt with in this article. The relevance of the chosen topic is beyond doubt, since social problems based on psychological factors are especially relevant during the war. It is substantiated that a change in the usual living conditions leads to a significant increase in anxiety and aggressiveness among women. In this paper, the attention is paid specifically to the study of anxiety and manifestation of aggressiveness by women who are in war conditions. It is worth noting that currently in the psychological and social literature, the number of publications about the problem of anxiety is increasing, since anxiety occupies a special place, as it often leads to a decrease in work capacity, productivity, difficulties in communication, etc. It has been found out that the level of anxiety can be manifested in the aggressive women’s behaviour in the war conditions. It is noted that the state of anxiety and aggressiveness is the most common phenomenon among women in war conditions. The results of the analysis and generalization of scientific sources are presented in this paper. It has been identified that the problem of anxiety and aggressiveness is one of the topical issues of modern psychology. The need for timely identification and work with the anxiety, anxious behaviour and aggressiveness of women in war conditions and after military aggression has been emphasized. The analysis of the questionnaire conducted among Ukrainian women in war conditions has been carried out, and the degree of their influence on women’s daily lives and life activities in war time has been determined. The purpose of this work is theoretical substantiation and empirical study of the specific of the relationships between anxiety and the manifestation of aggressive behaviour of Ukrainian women in war conditions. The object of this study is the anxiety of Ukrainian women in war conditions, whereas the subject of this study is the character of the relationship between anxiety and the manifestation of aggressiveness of Ukrainian women in war conditions. The conceptual hypothesis of this research lies in the assumption of the presence of significant relationship between anxiety and the manifestation of aggressiveness of Ukrainian women in war conditions, and it has been fully confirmed. Considering the influence of war conditions on the anxiety and aggressiveness of Ukrainian women, the relationship between the mentioned psychological categories has been claimed. It has been revealed that the state of anxiety can be manifested in the aggressive behaviour of women in war conditions. It is noted that the state of anxiety and aggressiveness is the most common phenomenon among women in war conditions. According to the results of this study, there have been identified those significant relationships between indicators of anxiety and certain forms of aggressiveness among Ukrainian women in war conditions. It is substantiated that the high level of manifestation of anxiety is caused by certain psychological features. It has been found out that the increase in the level of anxiety, indicators of family anxiety and anxious behaviour is associated with an increase in the level of aggressiveness of Ukrainian women. The practical significance lies in the fact that the obtained results can be used by employees of psychological services, practical psychologists during counselling at various stages of psychotherapeutic work with women in war conditions.
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Richardson, Grant, Grantley Taylor y Roman Lanis. "Women on the board of directors and corporate tax aggressiveness in Australia". Accounting Research Journal 29, n.º 3 (5 de septiembre de 2016): 313–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-09-2014-0079.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of women on the board of directors on corporate tax avoidance in Australia. Design/methodology/approach The authors use multivariate regression analysis to test the association between the presence of female directors on the board and tax aggressiveness. They also test for self-selection bias in the regression model by using the two-stage Heckman procedure. Findings This paper finds that relative to there being one female board member, high (i.e. greater than one member) female presence on the board of directors reduces the likelihood of tax aggressiveness. The results are robust after controlling for self-selection bias and using several alternative measures of tax aggressiveness. Research limitations/implications This study extends the extant literature on corporate governance and tax aggressiveness. This study is subject to several caveats. First, the sample is restricted to publicly listed Australian firms. Second, this study only examines the issue of women on the board of directors and tax aggressiveness in the context of Australia. Practical implications This research is timely, as there has been increased pressure by government bodies in Australia and globally to develop policies to increase female representation on the board of directors. Originality/value This study is the first to provide empirical evidence concerning the association between the presence of women on the board of directors and tax aggressiveness.
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Kalka, N. M., P. V. Kozyra y K. V. Hapchych. "PECULIARITIES OF MANIFESTATION OF AGGRESSIVENESS IN WOMEN-POLICE". Habitus, n.º 37 (2022): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32843/2663-5208.2022.37.19.
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Lenzi, Alessandro, Ilaria Bianco, Vincenzo Milazzo, Gian Franco Placidi, Paolo Castrogiovanni y Daniela Becherini. "Comparison of Aggressive Behavior between Men and Women in Sport". Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, n.º 1 (febrero de 1997): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.1.139.
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A group of 33 sportsmen and 43 sportswomen and a group of 488 subjects (less than 30 years old) selected from a sample of 816 subjects representative of the general Italian population were compared using the factor scores and total scores on the Italian version of the Buss and Durkee questionnaire. Analysis suggests a positive correlation between aggressiveness and sport and are compatible with the hypothesis that sporting activities serve as a means of controlling aggressiveness of women and help the individual psychosocial development of men. The decision to practice sports would seem to be connected with the needs to conform to cultural stereotypes, which portray the man as aggressive and the woman as gentle and submissive.
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Bekiari, Alexandra, Asterios Patsiaouras, Dimitrios Kokaridas y Kimon Sakellariou. "Verbal Aggressiveness and State Anxiety of Volleyball Players and Coaches". Psychological Reports 99, n.º 2 (octubre de 2006): 630–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.99.2.630-634.
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the relation of verbal aggressiveness and state anxiety (somatic, cognitive, and self-confidence) in sports settings based on the ratings by volleyball coaches and their athletes. The sample consisted of volleyball athletes ( n = 208; 98 men and 110 women) and their coaches ( n = 20; 16 men and 4 women). Analysis showed that male volleyball players rated somatic anxiety higher and were more affected by the verbal aggressiveness of their coaches than female volleyball players. No mean differences were significant for male and female coaches on somatic or cognitive anxiety, self-confidence, or verbal aggressiveness. Also, correlation between subscale scores for male and female volleyball players and coaches was found. The correlations of verbal aggressiveness with self-confidence and anxiety were positive for these athletes, leading them to better behavior. This relationship needs further examination in sport settings.
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Dumitrescu, Ana Maria. "Aggressiveness and Violence in the Life of Romanian Women". Alternativas. Cuadernos de Trabajo Social, n.º 21 (1 de diciembre de 2014): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/altern2014.21.02.
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In Romania, the communist period brought about some serious damage to the image of the woman both at the society and at the family level, a fact that generated numerous social problems. Later on, the transition from socialism to capitalism was carried out with difficulty, and, in order to overcome the crisis situation (both social and familial) created, after 1989 the politicians preferred to “import” solutions without adapting them to the needs of the people, to its lifestyle and especially to the religion and culture of this nation. Moreover, domestic violence “continued its natural course”, still being considered a hidden problem, protected by the privacy of the family, by the institution of marriage and conceived as a thing that was allowed, accepted. Studies that should analyse the real status of this social problem were carried out only at national level, with more emphasis being laid on identifying the cases reported and solved and on the types of violence the victims were subjected to, but, unfortunately, the local or regional studies that should bring new and specific elements are very few. For this reason, the present survey tries to analyse the issues related to woman’s victimisation within an area lying in the south of Romania, namely in the Argeş County, by shaping a portrait of the woman from this area who presents a high risk of being abused and by identifying the cultural and structural barriers that prevent abuse and provide the means the victims need in order to be safe. The interviews carried out with the victims of domestic violence, as well as the analysis of their files, for a period of three years, render, in addition to the severity of the acts of violence and the trauma suffered, the authorities’ incapacity to manage this phenomenon which seems to become more and more present in Romanian households every single day that goes by.
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Brambilla, Francesca, Azzurra Speca, Isabella Pacchiarotti y Massimo Biondi. "Hormonal background of physiological aggressiveness in psychologically healthy women". International Journal of Psychophysiology 75, n.º 3 (marzo de 2010): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2009.12.012.
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Sugiyarti, Listya. "THE EFFECT OF EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION, REPRESENTATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER’S WOMEN, EXECUTIVE CHARACTERISTIC ON TAX AGGRESSIVENESS". Nominal: Barometer Riset Akuntansi dan Manajemen 10, n.º 2 (29 de septiembre de 2021): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/nominal.v10i2.30118.
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Abstract: The Effect of Executive Compensation, Representation of Chief Financial Officer’s Women, Executive Characteristic on Tax Aggressiveness. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of executive compensation, female CFO representation, executive characteristics on tax aggressiveness in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2017. The population in this study were manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2017. The number of manufacturing companies sampled in this study were 12 companies with 5 years of observation. Based on the purposive sampling method, the total sample is 60 financial report data. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques, t test with the application of the SPSS 24 program. The results of this research showed that the variables of executive compensation have a positive and significant impact on aggressiveness tax, Representation of Chief Financial Officer (CFO) Women has no significant on aggressiveness tax, and the variable executive characteristic has a negative and significant impact on aggressiveness tax. Simultaneously, executive compensation, Representation of Chief Financial Officer (CFO) Women and executive characteristics have an impact on tax aggressiveness.Keywords: Executive Compensation, Representation of Chief Financial Officer (CFO) Women, Executive Characteristics, Tax Aggressiveness Abstrak: Pengaruh Kompensasi Eksekutif, Keterwakilan CFO Wanita, Karakteristik Eksekutif terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompensasi eksekutif, keterwakilan CFO wanita, karakteristik eksekutif terhadap agresivitas pajak pada perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2013-2017. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2013-2017. Jumlah perusahaan manufaktur yang dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 12 perusahaan dengan pengamatan selama 5 tahun. Berdasarkan metode purposive sampling, total sampel adalah 60 data laporan keuangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan tehnik analisis regresi linier berganda, uji t dengan aplikasi program SPSS 24. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel kompensasi eksekutif berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap agresivitas pajak, keterwakilan CFO wanita tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap agresivitas pajak, dan karakteristik eksekutif memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap pajak agresivitas.Kata kunci: Kompensasi Eksekutif, Keterwakilan CFO Wanita, Karakteristik Eksekutif, Agresivitas Pajak
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De Man, A. F. y C. D. Green. "Selected Personality Correlates of Assertiveness and Aggressiveness". Psychological Reports 62, n.º 2 (abril de 1988): 672–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.62.2.672.
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38 men and 74 women participated in a study of the relationships among neuroticism, extraversion, locus of control, and assertiveness and aggressiveness, respectively. Aggressiveness was related to extraversion and internal locus of control, while assertiveness was associated with stability as opposed to neuroticism. Sex of subject did not appear to be of importance.
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Zaman, Md Sayeed Al. "Islamic vigilantism and women in social media". Informasi 51, n.º 1 (4 de julio de 2021): 65–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/informasi.v51i1.38170.
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In Bangladesh, the number of cyber-citizens has been skyrocketing since the 2010s. Violence against women is also proliferating along with the presence of Islam in public spheres and discourses. Using thematic analysis, this study analyzes the discourse data collected from Facebook, the dominant social media of Bangladesh. The key aim of the research is to find out the bedrock of Islamic vigilantism and verbal aggressiveness against women in social media. Subsequently, three interlinked themes have been explored: women’s religiosity, women’s attire, and women’s virtue. The findings have shown that men mainly capitalize on these three conventional and stereotyped ideas of popular Islam to conduct vigilantism against women in social media, which is most often accompanied by different types of verbal aggressiveness. Further, this study considering deep-rooted misogyny and patriarchy in Bangladesh society argues that these factors might have contributed to directing online vigilantism against women. As little research has been done in this area, this research study would lead to further researches in this area.
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Clayman, Steven E., John Heritage y Amelia M. J. Hill. "Gender matters in questioning presidents". Journal of Language and Politics 19, n.º 1 (15 de enero de 2020): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.19087.cla.
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Abstract This paper traces the increasing prominence of women in the White House press corps over the latter half of the 20th century, and considers how this trend toward greater gender balance has impacted the questioning of presidents. Modest gender differences are documented in the topical content of questions, with women journalists slightly favoring domestic policy and private-sphere topics relative to men. More substantial differences are documented in aggressiveness, with women journalists asking more adversarial questions, and more assertive questions at least in the earlier years of the sampling period. The topical content differences are broadly aligned with traditional conceptions of gender, but the stronger differences in aggressiveness run contrary to such conceptions.
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Espírito-Santo, Helena, Luís André Abreu Paraíso Ferreira, Henrique Manuel Testa Vicente, Marina Isabel Vieira Antunes da Cunha, Ana Alexandra Gonçalves Grasina, Fernanda Daniel y Laura Lemos. "Do impulsivity and alexithymia predict aggressiveness in institutionalized older adults?" Análise Psicológica 40, n.º 2 (21 de diciembre de 2022): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14417/ap.1946.
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Introduction: Alexithymia and impulsivity are related and predict aggressiveness in younger adults, especially in forensic contexts. However, little is known about this relationship in older adults,especially in geriatric institutionalized settings, where aggressiveness presents a high prevalence. Thus, we aimed to analyze the impact of impulsivity and alexithymia in institutionalized older adults’ aggressiveness after examining the relationships between these variables. Relevant variables were controlled for in these relations.Methods: Ninety-seven institutionalized participants (60–94 years, 70.1% women, 59.8% nursing homes’ residents) were assessed with the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-SF, TorontoAlexithymia Scale-20, and Barratt’s Impulsiveness Scale-15.Results: The self-reported level of aggressiveness was low in our sample. Aggressiveness correlated with and was predicted by alexithymia (R2=17.6%; β=0.24, p<.05) and impulsiveness (R2=17.6%; β=0.34, p<.01).Conclusion: Despite the low levels of aggressiveness (potentially explained by levels of medication, more supervision, and more frailty), our findings with institutionalized older adults demonstrate the relevance of alexithymia and impulsiveness for understanding aggressiveness in older adults, adding to previous studies with other types of populations. We provide directions for psychotherapeuticstrategies.
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Gulam, Rizal y Dinik Fitri Rahajeng Pangestuti. "Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi agresivitas pajak pada industri manufaktur tahun 2017-2021". AKURASI: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Keuangan 5, n.º 3 (22 de noviembre de 2023): 243–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36407/akurasi.v5i3.1097.
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This study aims to determine the influence of gender of directors, independent commissioners, audit committee, profitability and leverage on tax aggressiveness. This study is quantitative research using multiple linear regression techniques using a purposive sampling method based on predetermined criteria. The object of this research is manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industrial sector 2017-2021. This research uses panel data with a total of 170 observations from a sample of 34 companies. The results of the study show that women are more careful in making decisions but the results obtained are that gender cannot affect tax aggressiveness. Independent commissioners, in law are organs that must exist, but cannot influence tax aggressiveness because companies only want to comply with regulations. Leverage cannot reduce tax aggressiveness because high leverage will create high risks. But the audit committee and profitability can reduce the aggressiveness of the company because the audit committee can assist the commissioner in supervising, and profitability can reflect the company's financial well-being. Audit committee and profitability have a positive effect on tax aggressiveness. Gender of directors, independent commissioners and leverage have no effect on tax aggressiveness.
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Sommers, Evelyn K. y James V. P. Check. "An Empirical Investigation of the Role of Pornography in the Verbal and Physical Abuse of Women". Violence and Victims 2, n.º 3 (enero de 1987): 189–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.2.3.189.
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In studies of male aggressiveness and pornography, social psychologists have found evidence to support the theory that consumption of pornography by males increases their aggressiveness and antisocial attitudes toward women. The research reported here studied the presence of pornography and both sexual and nonsexual violence in the lives of two groups of women: a group of battered women drawn from shelters and counseling groups, and a comparison group of women from a mature university population. It was found that the partners of the battered women read or viewed significantly greater amounts of pornographic materials than did the partners of the comparison group. In addition, 39% of the battered women (in contrast to 3% of the comparison group) responded in the affirmative to the question, “Has your partner ever upset you by trying to get you to do what he’d seen in pornographic pictures, movies, or books?” It was also found that battered women experienced significantly more sexual aggression at the hands of their partners than did the women in the comparison group.
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Guha, Rahul, Amelia Boehme, Stacie L. Demel, Janet J. Li, Xuemei Cai, Michael L. James, Sebastian Koch et al. "Aggressiveness of care following intracerebral hemorrhage in women and men". Neurology 89, n.º 4 (28 de junio de 2017): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004143.
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Objective:To compare comorbidities and use of surgery and palliative care between men and women with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods:The Ethnic/Racial Variations of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ERICH) study is a prospective, multicenter, case-control study of ICH risk factors and outcomes. We compared comorbidities, treatments, and use of do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders in men vs women. Multivariate analysis was used to assess the likelihood of ICH surgery and palliative care after adjustment for variables that were p < 0.1 in univariate analyses and backward elimination to retain those that were significant (p < 0.05).Results:Women were older on average (65.0 vs 59.9, p < 0.0001), and higher proportions of women had previous stroke (24.1% vs 19.3%, p = 0.002), had dementia (6.1% vs 3.4%, p = 0.0007), lived alone (23.1% vs 18.0%, p = 0.0005), and took anticoagulants (12.8% vs 10.1% p = 0.02), compared with men. Men had higher rates of alcohol and cocaine use. After adjusting for age, hematoma volume, and ICH location, there was no difference in rates of surgical treatment by sex (odds ratio [OR] 0.93 for men vs women, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68–1.28, p = 0.67), and there was no difference in DNR/comfort care decisions after adjustment for ICH score, prior stroke, and dementia (OR 0.96, CI 0.77–1.22, p = 0.76).Conclusions:After ICH, women do not receive less aggressive care than men after controlling for the substantial comorbidity differences. Future studies on sex bias should include the presence of comorbidities, prestroke disability, and other factors that may influence management.
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Obminski, Zbigniew, Helena Mroczkowska, Marina Jagiello y Artur Litwiniuk. "Sex-and sport related differences in the personality traits students in volleyball, basketball and judo athletes". Physical education of students 24, n.º 6 (30 de diciembre de 2020): 304–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2020.0601.
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Background and Study Aim. Psychology is a very important field of knowledge in every area of human life, and personality and temperament have a large impact on the quality of human life, including mental and physical health, and indirectly on the results achieved in elite sport. The purpose of the study was to verify the assumption that there are differences in the psychological profile of professional sportsman students depending on the gender and type of sports discipline.
Material and methods. The research covered athletes of both sexes belonging to academic sports clubs practicing volleyball, basketball and judo. The size of each of the six groups was 24 people. Standardized psychological tests were used to determine the levels of selected personality and temperamental traits: trait anxiety, neuroticism, extraversion, briskness, perseveration, sensory sensitivity, emotional reactivity, endurance, activity, and six components of aggressiveness: physical aggressiveness, verbal aggressiveness, indirect aggressiveness, negativism, suspiciousness, resentment, irritability, overall and guilty sense. Two-way analysis of variance (sex * sport) was used to assess the differences between the groups.
Results. Women showed higher trait anxiety, extraversion, perseveration, emotional reactivity results and lower physical aggressiveness levels compared to men. Basketball practitioners had the lowest levels of aggressiveness components, and the highest levels of briskness.
Conclusions. The results suggest that the psychological profile of women participating in competitive sports may account for a higher emotional cost than men in terms of competition and failure. This fact should be taken into account by the coaches of female sports teams. The differences between sports may be due to the different structure of the task.
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Cortellese, Francesco. "Does the gender composition of the board of directors have any effect on tax aggressiveness in western countries?" Economics & Sociology 15, n.º 1 (2022): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2022/15-1/1.
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Women constitute more than half of the population, but they are still underrepresented in areas such as company boardrooms. This study analyses whether having an equal gender composition in a company’s board of directors would reduce tax aggressiveness. We use panel data from 2015 to 2019 taken from a sample of listed companies in the USA, the UK, Switzerland, Sweden, Spain, the Netherlands, Germany, and France. Women remain underrepresented in most of the countries in our sample, never exceeding one-third of board members. The results of the model are mixed. The gender composition of the board is not statistically significant in explaining tax aggressiveness except for in three countries: in the USA and the UK, an increase in women on the board produces an increase in tax aggressiveness, while in Switzerland, there is the opposite effect. We conclude that governments should promote policies for equality in the boardroom and a fairer tax system because, even if they are not clearly related, they are the basis for socio-economic development. Lastly, future research should include tests on non-listed companies and other variables on board diversity in the analysis.
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ABANUM, Akpevweoghene Mark y EBIAGHAN, Orits Frank. "CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ATTRIBUTES AND TAX AGGRESSIVENESS NEXUS IN THE NIGERIAN NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS". Finance & Accounting Research Journal 4, n.º 3 (19 de octubre de 2022): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/farj.v4i3.384.
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This study examined the corporate governance attributes on tax aggressiveness of quoted non-financial firms in Nigeria. Ex post facto research design was adopted in this study. A sample of 20 firms was randomly selected and their financial records were used to obtain information from them. In this study, secondary data, by way of annual reports and accounts of the sampled companies in Nigeria and some relevant Nigerian Exchange fact books were used to collect data for 2017-2021. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics, with the use of Panel Least Square (PLS) as a technique for hypothesis testing, with the use of Eviews version 9 software. Results from the study indicated that a significant positive relationship was observed to exist between board independence and tax aggressiveness and a significant positive relationship was observed to exist between board independence and tax aggressiveness and also a significant relationship is observed to exist between board gender and tax aggressiveness. Thus, it was recommended that the regulatory authorities should ensure that, the board size of non-financial firms in Nigeria should not be able 10. More so, efforts should be made to ensure that, the non-executive directors should be more autonomous in the discharge of their oversight responsibilities. Lastly, more women should come on board since women are more risk averse/conservative than their male counterparts. Keywords: Corporate Governance Attributes, Tax Aggressiveness, Nexus, Nigerian Non-Financial Firms.
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Oktaviani, Rachmawati Meita, Abdul Rohman y Zulaikha Zulaikha. "CEO characteristics and Tax Aggressiveness in Indonesian Family Firms: The Upper Echelons Theory Perspective". Journal of Tax Reform 10, n.º 1 (2024): 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/jtr.2024.10.1.162.
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Tax aggressiveness is an effort that companies can undertake to save on tax payments. One of the factors driving why tax aggressiveness is pursued is the presence of CEO. This study emphasizes the characteristics of CEO. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of CEO characteristics on tax aggressiveness based on the upper echelon’s theory perspective. CEO characteristics are divided into CEO tenure, educational background, and gender. CEO tenure in this study is proxied by how long someone has held the position of CEO, while educational background and gender are proxied using dummy variables. The choice of profitability is because profit is used as the main basis in tax calculation. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, with an observation period of 2019–2022 in the seventy family firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The data used is panel data and analyzed employing the EViews program. The model estimation tests feasible to use was the fixed effect model (FEM). The regression results show that CEO tenure, educational background, and gender partially and simultaneously affected tax aggressiveness. The study results generally indicate that family-owned companies tend to utilize more tax aggressiveness. At the same time, the level of education of the general director has a negative effect on tax aggressiveness, i.e. the higher the level of education, the less tax aggressiveness. The gender asymmetry is that women as family business leaders demonstrate greater tax aggressiveness than male leaders. Therefore, the benefit of this research from the government’s perspective is to formulate policies to reduce efforts of tax aggressiveness, especially for companies predominantly owned by families.
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Elouaer, Nadia, Rida Waheed, Suleman Sarwar y Ghazala Aziz. "Does Gender Diversity and Experience Moderate the Impact of Tax Aggressiveness on Corporate Social Responsibility: A Study of UAE Listed Companies". Sustainability 14, n.º 21 (2 de noviembre de 2022): 14348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114348.
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The purpose of this paper is to explore the moderating role of gender diversity in corporate board and CEO experience in terms of the relationship between tax aggressiveness and corporate social responsibility of UAE-listed companies. By applying correlation and regression analysis on a data set of 55 firms from 2014 to 2020, it is found that board gender diversity does not moderate the relationship between tax aggressiveness and CSR. However, a female CEO positively moderates this relationship. It is also found that CEO experience negatively moderates the relationship between tax aggressiveness and CSR. It is recommended that policymakers improve checks and balances so that male dominance can be reduced to give women opportunities to be involved in decision-making.
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Kreydun, Nadiya, Andrii Kharchenko, Oleksii Nalyvaiko, Pavlo Sevostianov, Liliya Zotova, Olena Nevoenna, Liubov Iavorovska y Viktoriia Lukianova. "The Emotional Sphere of Women Staying in the Anti-Terrorist Operation Zone for a Long Time". Visnyk of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. A Series of Psychology, n.º 72 (5 de agosto de 2022): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2225-7756-2022-72-06.
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In Ukraine, an anti-terrorist operation, carried out on a significant territory of the country (about 20 percent) has been going on for eight years. All this time, hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians stay in stressful conditions. Changes occur in cognitive, behavioral, value-motivational, emotional and other spheres of these people personality. One of the risk groups is middle-aged people, because the key tasks for this stage of a person's life become difficult to implement. In women, the emotional component of this process is more intense than in men, which becomes an additional stress factor in this situation. There are studies on the emotional component in interpersonal relationships in these women, their tendency to affect, the consequences of receiving traumatic experience, impulsiveness, etc. However, the number of studies on the peculiarities of basic emotions manifestation, level indicators of anxiety, aggressiveness and other components of the emotional sphere remains insignificant, which would make it possible to develop appropriate psychocorrective programs. The purpose of the study was to identify the features of emotional sphere in middle-aged women who have been in the area of anti-terrorist operation (ATO) for a long time. Research methods – a technique for measuring the level of anxiety (J. Taylor), a scale of differential emotions (K. Izard), a technique for detecting the level of aggressiveness (Bassa-Darky). Mathematical and statistical processing - φ-criterion Fisher's angular transformation. The subjects were 40 middle-aged women employed with higher education. They are divided into two groups of 20: according to the criterion, they were in the area of anti-terrorist operation (ATO) for a long time and had never been in the specified territory. Conclusions: for the emotional sphere of middle-aged women who have been for a long time (at least 5 years) in the area of anti-terrorist operation (ATO), the phenomena of "level decrease of emotions of the positive spectrum" and "level increase of aggressiveness" and a high general level of anxiety are characteristic. In the anxiety-depressive spectrum of the emotional sphere, guilt becomes the dominant emotion. There is a tendency to increase more open forms of aggressiveness, but the manifestation of anger, on the contrary, is becoming more moderate.
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Kokorina, Y. y K. Adamchuk. "Violence of women as an actual phenomenon in present-day society". Fundamental and applied researches in practice of leading scientific schools 36, n.º 6 (30 de diciembre de 2019): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33531/farplss.2019.6.5.
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In this work the domestic violence, women, was investigated. In the experimental group of women, a high level of neuroticism, spontaneous aggressiveness, and low level of emotional intelligence and signs of depression were revealed. That is, women who have been abused, have an inherent constant feeling of anxiety, and insecurity. Most of the women in the experimental group are co-dependent. They are unsure of themselves, responsive, soft, and try to act in accordance with social norms. Based on the analysis, it can be argued that there are much more families where several types of violence are present at once than those where only psychological pressure is used.
In this work the domestic violence, women, was investigated. In the experimental group of women, a high level of neuroticism, spontaneous aggressiveness, and low level of emotional intelligence and signs of depression were revealed. That is, women who have been abused, have an inherent constant feeling of anxiety, and insecurity. Most of the women in the experimental group are co-dependent. They are unsure of themselves, responsive, soft, and try to act in accordance with social norms. Based on the analysis, it can be argued that there are much more families where several types of violence are present at once than those where only psychological pressure is used.
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Afifi, Nader y Carlos A. Barrero. "Understanding Breast Cancer Aggressiveness and Its Implications in Diagnosis and Treatment". Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, n.º 4 (9 de febrero de 2023): 1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12041375.
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Ogama, Noriko, Takashi Sakurai, Naoki Saji, Toshiharu Nakai, Shumpei Niida, Kenji Toba, Hiroyuki Umegaki y Masafumi Kuzuya. "Frontal White Matter Hyperintensity Is Associated with Verbal Aggressiveness in Elderly Women with Alzheimer Disease and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment". Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra 8, n.º 1 (11 de abril de 2018): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000486826.
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Background/Aims: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are exhibited in most patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Although white matter hyperintensity (WMH) is often observed with AD, the precise role of WMH in BPSD remains unclear. The current study aimed to identify the impact of regional WMH on specific features of BPSD in persons with mild to moderate AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods: A sample of 256 female outpatients with AD (n = 217) and aMCI (n = 39) were recruited. We assessed BPSD using the Dementia Behavior Disturbance Scale. WMH and brain atrophy were evaluated using an automatic segmentation program. Regional WMH was evaluated as periventricular hyperintensity (PVH) and deep WMH in frontal, temporal, occipital, and parietal lobes. Results: Whole-brain WMH was associated with verbal aggressiveness. In multivariate analysis, PVH in the frontal lobe was independently associated with verbal aggressiveness after adjustment for brain atrophy and clinical confounders. Conclusion: The current results indicated that PVH in the frontal lobe was independently associated with verbal aggressiveness.
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Monteleone, Palmiero, Francesca Brambilla, Francesca Bortolotti, Antonietta La Rocca y Mario Maj. "Prolactin response to d-fenfluramine is blunted in people with anorexia nervosa". British Journal of Psychiatry 172, n.º 5 (mayo de 1998): 438–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.172.5.439.
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BackgroundSeveral studies have explored serotonin (5-HT) transmission in people with anorexia nervosa, but their results have been inconsistent.MethodAccording to a double-blind placebo-controlled design, plasma prolactin response to the specific serotonergic probe d-fenfluramine was investigated in 10 underweight and two normal-weight women with anorexia, and in 12 age-matched healthy females. Eating-related psychopathology, depressive and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and aggressiveness were measured by appropriate rating scales.ResultsCompared with healthy control subjects, the women with anorexia showed reduced baseline prolactin and oestrogen levels and increased basal Cortisol concentrations. The prolactin response to d-fenfluramine was blunted and did not correlate with psychopathological measures.ConclusionsThese results support a dysfunction of 5-HT transmission in anorexia nervosa. This dysfunction does not seem to be related to concomitant depressive or obsessive-compulsive symptoms or to the level of aggressiveness of the patients.
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Koelsch, Stefan, Claudia Wiebigke, Walter A. Siebel y Holger Stepan. "Impulsive aggressiveness of pregnant women affects the development of the fetal heart". International Journal of Psychophysiology 74, n.º 3 (diciembre de 2009): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2009.09.008.
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Holli, K., J. Isola y J. Cuzick. "Low biologic aggressiveness in breast cancer in women using hormone replacement therapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 16, n.º 9 (septiembre de 1998): 3115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1998.16.9.3115.
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PURPOSE Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been associated with an increased risk for breast cancer. Cancers in women who use HRT are often less advanced, and lower mortality has been reported in those who use HRT than in nonusers. We sought to explain this by a comparison of indicators of tumor aggressiveness in patients who received HRT with those in patients who did not. PATIENTS AND METHODS A population-based cohort of 477 postmenopausal women with breast cancer were interviewed for the use, type, and duration of HRT. Clinical variables and indicators of tumor aggressiveness (histologic grade, hormone receptors, DNA ploidy, S-phase fraction, and c-erbB-2 oncoprotein overexpression) were analyzed. RESULTS Breast tumors from HRT users were smaller (odds ratio, 0.47; P=.005), had better histologic differentiation (P=.04), and had a lower proliferation rate (S-phase fraction, P=.009) than tumors from nonusers. These differences persisted after adjustments for age and method of diagnosis (mammography screening v self-referral) by multiple logistic regression. No significant differences were observed in the estrogen (ER) or progesterone receptor content, c-erbB-2 oncogene overexpression, or axillary node involvement. A subgroup analysis showed that the tumor proliferation rates among HRT users were significantly lower only if HRT had been used at the time of diagnosis (P=.001). The type of HRT (estrogen v combination of estrogen and progesterone) was not associated with any clinical parameter or tumor phenotype. The association of HRT with lower proliferation rate and smaller tumor size was exclusively caused by ER-positive tumors (P=.0001 and P=.0035 v P > .1, respectively). CONCLUSION The results indicate that breast cancer in women who receive HRT is biologically less aggressive than those without previous HRT. The lower cell-proliferation rate and smaller tumor size found in ER-positive tumors from current HRT users suggest a direct ER-mediated growth inhibitory effect of HRT on established breast tumors. This may at least partly explain why breast cancer in HRT users has a more favorable clinical course.
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Sitkina, E. V., E. S. Smirnova y E. R. Isaeva. "Study of the emotional state of residents of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region in connection with the forced self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic". HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders 14, n.º 1 (19 de mayo de 2022): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2077-9828-2022-14-1-115-120.
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The study is devoted to the study of the emotional state of people in the conditions of self-isolation during the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection. The online study involved 380 «conditionally healthy» respondents aged 18 to 60 years. A special questionnaire was developed; to assess the emotional state of the subjects, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Bass-Darkey aggressiveness level questionnaire were used. Only 45–54% of respondents tried to comply with the sanitary regime, men violated the established requirements more often than women. No clinical symptoms of anxiety or depression were found. The level of anxiety reached subclinical values in women. At the same time, there was an increased level of aggression (verbal and indirect) and irritation, an increase in the integral indicators of aggressiveness and hostility. These emotional manifestations characterize the well-known reactions of a person’s mental maladaptation in difficult life situations.
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Swanson, Scott R. "Re-Examination of Assertiveness and Aggressiveness as Potential Moderators of Verbal Intentions". Psychological Reports 84, n.º 3_suppl (junio de 1999): 1111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.84.3c.1111.
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This research reports the results of a replication of Swanson and McIntyre's 1998 study of assertiveness and aggressiveness as potential moderators of verbal intentions. A convenience sample of 119 women and 71 men participated. Nonassertive subjects were least likely, while Resort-to-Aggressive subjects were the most likely, to talk with acquaintances and others. Nonassertive and Assertive subjects were significantly more likely than Aggressive ones to make recommendations. Finally, men and women scored equally assertive, but men were more likely to score aggressive. The findings generally support the earlier work.
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Larionov, S. O., P. V. Makarenko y V. V. Dotsenko. "Behavioral diagnostics of aggressive behavior of National police officers by psychological training measures". Law and Safety 68, n.º 1 (9 de noviembre de 2018): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/pb.2018.1.05.
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The results of the empirical research of aggressive behavior of the officers of the National Police have been presented. The objective of the research was to substantiate the psychological training as a method of psychological diagnosis of behavioral aggressiveness of police officers.In total, empirical studies covered 138 police officers aged 24-35 from different regions of Ukraine, where there were 57 women and 81 men who passed advanced training courses at Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs.To determine the testometric aggressiveness of the subjects, the authors have used two standardized questionnaires for the diagnosis of aggressiveness (P. Kovalov - Ye. Ilina and L. Pocheubut) and the projective method “Test of a hand” by E. Wagner. The authors have distinguished the indicators of testometric aggression of the officers of the National Police of different gender; have conducted their comparative analysis. It has been found out that police officers in general are characterized by a low level of personal and behavioral aggression. It has been found out that male police officers have a significantly higher level of physical aggression than females. Women, in turn, are more vulnerable to manifestations of verbal aggression than men. Analysis of the projective methodology for the diagnosis of aggression confirms the results of the questionnaires about the general low level of aggressiveness of police officers. It has been determined that police officers, regardless of gender, have intrinsic insensitivity to the influence of society, low sensitivity to the opinion of others, the reluctance to build symmetrical relations, which in the end points to an aggressive orientation within interpersonal interaction.The standardization of psychological training exercise “Chair” has been carried out in accordance with the scales reflecting strategies of denial, replacement, assistance seeking, aggression, regression and cooperation. The authors have carried out the assessment of the expressiveness of behavior according to the mentioned strategies at three levels: low, medium and high. It has been clarified that the use of aggressive and regressive behavior strategies and assistance seeking are the most typical for police officers.Comparison of the indicators of testometric and behavioral aggressiveness of the officers of the National Police has been conducted. It has been found out that none of the testometric indicators of aggression of police officers increases linearly in the case of comparison between the groups selected by the level of behavioral aggression. It points to the fact that the real behavioral aggressiveness is a polyderterministic, multifactorial phenomenon. The authors have determined two indicators of testometric aggressiveness of police officers, which differ in polar according to behavioral aggressiveness of groups – they are verbal and substantive aggression. Thus, these types of aggression serve as empirically verified testometric indicators of behavioral aggressiveness and can be used for its evaluation in the process of professional and psychological selection of candidates for service in police and in the psychological support of police officers.On the basis of the conducted research, the authors have concluded about the fundamental possibility of using psychological training as a mean of psychological diagnosis of aggressive behavior of police officers.
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Shah, Remisha Zahid, Samina Qamar, Shahida Niazi, Madiha Ehsan y Nazia Noor. "Comparison of Breast Cancer Aggressiveness in Young and Older Patients". Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, n.º 5 (26 de mayo de 2022): 335–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22165335.
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Objective: To compare aggressiveness of breast cancer in young and old patients. Study Design: Cross-sectional Place and Duration of Study: Department of Histopathology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2018. Methodology: One hundred and fifty women were divided into young (<40 years) and adult (>40 years) group depending upon their age. Women with breast cancer within 20-80 years were enrolled. Modified Radical-Mastectomy specimens as well as lumpectomy having axillary-clearance were sent to pathological laboratory. Biopsies were fixed in formalin in addition to hematoxylin, eosin staining. Data was documented and aggressiveness of breast cancer within both groups was evaluated on the basis of factors as tumor size, tumor type, lymph nodes, metastasis, tumor staging and tumor grading. Results: A significant variance in young and adult cases tumor grade, lymph node involvement and tumor size. The young patients had 12.90% cases of metastasis than old only having 4.5% (p<0.05). Similarly high tumor stage and aggressive tumors were also seen in young patients when compared with old. Conclusion: Young patients with breast cancer are more prone towards aggressive carcinoma than older patients. Keywords: Breast cancer. Metastasis, Tumor grade
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Gutt, Elisa Kijner, Sandra Petresco, Renata Krelling, Geraldo F. Busatto, Isabel A. S. Bordin y Francisco Lotufo-Neto. "Gender differences in aggressiveness in children and adolescents at risk for schizophrenia". Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 30, n.º 2 (junio de 2008): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462008000200005.
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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate whether differences in aggression-related behavioral problems occur between boys and girls at high risk for schizophrenia living in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. METHOD: Using the Child Behavior Checklist, we compared the prevalence of behavioral problems between genders for the offspring (6-18 years) of mothers with diagnosis of schizophrenia and a comparison group of children born to women with no severe mental disorders recruited at the gynecology outpatient clinic of the same hospital. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Patient Edition was applied for the evaluation of diagnostic status of mothers. RESULTS: Male children of women with schizophrenia had a lower prevalence of aggressive behavior compared to females (4% vs. 36%; p = 0.005), whereas no gender differences regarding aggression were detected in the comparison group (24% vs. 32%; p = 0.53). Logistic regression analyses showed that male gender and being a child of women with schizophrenia interacted so as to favor lower prevalence of aggressive behavior (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: These findings reinforce the notion that behavioral gender differences related to schizophrenia are already detectable in childhood.
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Siddiqui, Saif y Sumaira Jan. "Developing Entrepreneurial Intensity among Women Entrepreneurs of Jammu & Kashmir: Model Building through Confirmatory Factor Analysis". Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 21, n.º 3 (18 de julio de 2017): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972262917716793.
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In developing nations like India, entrepreneurship can be a solution of many economy-related problems; to achieve this, high level of entrepreneurial intensity (EI) is to be ensured. EI measures the focus and commitment of an entrepreneur towards his/her venture. It can influence performance of firms, provide sustainable advantage to individuals, societies etc. The state of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) is facing issues like low GDP and high unemployment. High level of EI, especially among women, can provide solution to many of its problems. So, the present endeavour assesses the level of intensity among the women entrepreneurs and then suggests some measures to enhance the same. The results of the study show that innovativeness, pro-activeness, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness and autonomy, which are taken as the basic postulates of EI in study, show significant loading. Although women entrepreneurs tend to show pro-activeness and competitive aggressiveness strongly, it is innovativeness, risk-taking and autonomy are not good fit. This study proposes a model for training for the women entrepreneurs to improve their level of EI to accelerate the growth of entrepreneurship in the state. This will in turn enhance the overall economic growth of the state.
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Swanson, Scott R. "Assertiveness and Aggressiveness as Potential Moderators of Verbal Behaviors following Unsatisfactory Service". Psychological Reports 100, n.º 2 (abril de 2007): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.100.2.467-475.
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This research is an extension of earlier studies that examined Assertiveness and Aggressiveness as potential moderators of verbal intentions. A sample of 127 women and 137 men participated in the survey which used random residential telephone numbers. Respondents ranged in age from 18 to 71 years ( M = 33.2, SD= 12.4), with men making up 51.9% of the total sample. Those respondents classified as having an Aggressive interaction style were least likely to have discussed their unsatisfactory service encounters. The nature of the verbal communications was negative for all four interaction styles investigated. Similar to previous findings, men and women were equally Assertive, but men were more likely to be Aggressive when engaging in marketplace interactions.
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Qureshi, Farrukh Naseem y Tehreem Farrukh. "Role of Women in International Business, Management and Trade". Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 20, n.º 1 (31 de marzo de 2020): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v20i1.163.
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Gender balance is progressively observed as useful for business. The developing cooperation of women in the work has been a significant vehicle of worldwide development and aggressiveness. The discriminatory constraint keeps women from arriving at top positions in business, however women can contribute and add additional boost to the growth and sustainability of the economies. Countries which are open to female contribution in the economy are more economically sound. In this article qualitative technique has been used and findings reveal that women should be given equal opportunity to create women’s economic empowerment and create an inclusive system.
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Qureshi, Farrukh Naseem y Tehreem Farrukh. "Role Of Women In International Business, Management And Trade". Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 20, n.º 1 (8 de marzo de 2020): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v20i1.418.
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Gender balance is progressively observed as useful for business. The developing cooperation of women in the work has been a significant vehicle of worldwide development and aggressiveness. The discriminatory constraint keeps women from arriving at top positions in business, however women can contribute and add additional boost to the growth and sustainability of the economies. Countries which are open to female contribution in the economy are more economically sound. In this article Qualitative technique has been used and findings reveal that women should be given equal opportunity to create women’s economic empowerment and create an inclusive system.
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Valenzuela, Nohelia T., Irene Ruiz-Pérez, Carlos Rodríguez-Sickert, Pablo Polo, José Antonio Muñoz-Reyes, Ali Yeste-Lizán y Miguel Pita. "The Relationship between Androgen Receptor Gene Polymorphism, Aggression and Social Status in Young Men and Women". Behavioral Sciences 12, n.º 2 (10 de febrero de 2022): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12020042.
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In both sexes, aggression has been described as a critical trait to acquire social status. Still, almost uniquely in men, the link between aggressiveness and the genetic background of testosterone sensitivity measured from the polymorphism in the androgen receptor (AR) gene has been previously investigated. We assessed the relevance of the AR gene to understand aggression and how aggressiveness affects social status in a cross-sectional study of 195 participants, for the first time in both young men and women. We estimated polymorphism sequences from saliva and measured aggression and self-perceived social status. Unfortunately, the results did not support our prediction because we did not find any of the expected relationships. Therefore, the results suggest that the genetic association between aggressive mechanisms and polymorphism of the AR gene is less straightforward than expected, at least in men, and seems to indicate that aggression is not usually used to gain social status in our population.
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Bahrun, Muhammad Fadly y Joko Sustiyo. "Can Foreign Sales, Sales Growth, and Good Supervisions Affect Transfer Pricing Aggressiveness?" Studi Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia 6, n.º 1 (20 de septiembre de 2023): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21632/saki.6.1.39-57.
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This study examines the effects of foreign sales, sales growth, women on board, and audit quality on transfer pricing. The relationship between these variables is explained by agency theory. The sample used in this study is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012 until 2019. The method used to determine the number of samples is purposive sampling. Panel data analysis and random effect model estimators have been applied to achieve the object of this study. The results of this study indicate that: (1) foreign sales do not affect transfer pricing; (2) sales growth has a negative and significant impact on transfer pricing; (3) women on board has a positive and significant impact on transfer pricing; (4) audit quality does not affect transfer pricing.
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Ramirez, Maria Desamparados Cuenca, Sarai Margarita Botto Lugo, Luz María Moratalla Charcos, Isabel Ruiz Carbonell, Lorena Bermell Marco, Ana Utiel atienzar y Juan Francisco Vidal Moreno. "Primary clear-cell adenocarcinoma in women". Urology & Nephrology Open Access Journal 11, n.º 2 (8 de junio de 2023): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/unoaj.2023.11.00329.
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Objectives: A literature review of clear cell adenocarcinoma (CCA) of the female urethra, which is a urinary tract neoplasm of low prevalence that can affect the urethra in rare occasions. Material and methods: A case report of CCA in a 59-year-old female with low urinary tract symptoms associated with two episodes of acute urinary retention and recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) with the finding of a periurethral tumor in magnetic resonance image (MRI). Results: After cystectomy, double adnexectomy, urethrectomy, bilateral iliac-obturator lymphadenectomy, and ureteroileal deviation, the diagnosis of urethral CCA spread to lymph nodes was made. The case was discussed in the Urologic Oncology committee, indicating external radiotherapy and cisplatin as adjuvant treatment. Conclusions: Because of its aggressiveness, CCA is a rare tumor that requires radical surgery.
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Maestripieri, Dario y Kelly A. Carroll. "Costs and benefits of female aggressiveness in humans and other mammals". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, n.º 2 (abril de 1999): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99421818.
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Sex differences in aggressive behavior are probably adaptive but the costs and benefits of risky aggression to women and men may be different from those suggested in Campbell's target article. Moreover, sex differences are more likely to reflect differences in the costs of aggression to females and males rather than differences in its benefits.
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Henna, Elaine, Monica L. Zilberman, Valentim Gentil y Clarice Gorenstein. "Validity of a frustration-induction procedure". Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 30, n.º 1 (13 de agosto de 2007): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462006005000057.
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OBJECTIVE: To test a reliable and easily administered frustration-induction procedure for experimental research. METHOD: One hundred volunteers (81 women, mean age ± SD 34.2 ± 8 years) physically and psychiatrically healthy submitted to the frustration induction procedure were prevented from reaching reward level scores. Subjective aggressiveness feelings related to frustration were self-rated in a 13-item visual analogue scale before and after the procedure. RESULTS: Significant increases in aggressiveness-related feelings were detected in 12 of the 13 items. This was consistent with the observed overt behavior of the subjects during the task. CONCLUSIONS: The frustration-induction procedure is a simple, easy to administer frustration-induction procedure that can be used in experimental studies in normal subjects.
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Waro, Mochammad Choirul y Alifiati Fitrikasari. "Profile of Schizophrenia Aggressiveness with the Risk of Suicide based on the Personality and Social Performance Score". Scientia Psychiatrica 2, n.º 1 (3 de enero de 2021): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/scipsy.v2i1.27.
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A B S T R A C TIntroduction. The risk of schizophrenia for suicide is 10%, of which 10% -15% ofpeople with schizophrenia die of suicide at 20 years of follow-up. Aggressiveness is afactor to be watched out. Other factors are hallucinations, suicide, early-onset,history of schizophrenia, surveillance, age, gender, education, genetics, affect ofdepression. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic profile,aggressiveness, hallucinations of suicide in schizophrenic patients. Methods. Thedesign of this study is descriptive research. The number of samples in this study was49 schizophrenic patients at risk of suicide. The risk of aggressiveness is measuredby the Personality and Social Performance Score. Results. Of the 49 patients, it wasfound that the proportion of male patients was 31 people (63.3%) and 18 women(36.7%). Aggressive behaviour based on PSP score was divided into modestaggressiveness of 22 people (44.9%), severe 20 people (40.8%), very severe two people(4.1%). Suicidal hallucinations were also found in 11 patients (22.4%). Conclusion.There are markedly aggressive behaviour and hallucinations of suicide in the majorityof schizophrenic patients.
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van der Vegt, Bert, Jelle Wesseling, Ruud M. Pijnappel, Monique D. Dorrius, Gerard J. den Heeten, Marnix AJ de Roos y Geertruida H. de Bock. "Aggressiveness of ‘true’ interval invasive ductal carcinomas of the breast in postmenopausal women". Modern Pathology 23, n.º 4 (15 de enero de 2010): 629–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.2009.188.
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Abdou, Yara, Mariko Asaoka y Kazuaki Takabe. "Pathological and genetic aggressiveness of left-sided breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, n.º 15_suppl (20 de mayo de 2019): e12579-e12579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e12579.
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e12579 Background: Breast Cancer in women consistently occurs more frequently in the left breast, with the ratio of left to right sided breast cancer cases ranging from 1.05 to 1.26. In spite of the difference in frequency, prior studies have failed to show any significant difference in clinical characteristics between left sided and right sided cancer. Methods: Genomic and clinical features were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas breast cancer project. LVI status, mitotic rate, nuclear score and tubular score were collected from pathology reports in TIES client 5.8. Fisher's exact test was used for group comparison and survival analysis was performed with Cox regression. Cytolytic activity (CYT) indicates anti-cancer immune response and was quantified from gene expression data. Hallmark gene-sets were used for gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results: Among the 1081 women with unilateral invasive breast cancer, 561 had tumor on the left side compared to 520 on the right. Our results didn’t show any significant differences between left and right side with regards to tumor location, histology, race, and tumor characteristics including stage, tumor size, nodal status and receptor status. No statistical significant differences were observed in mitotic rate, LVI status and tubular score, however, the tumor grade was significantly higher in the left side. Moreover, there were no significant differences in mutation count, CYT and overall survival between both sides. GSEA revealed cell-cycle related gene sets like G2M checkpoint, Mitotic spindle, E2F targets and MYC targets which were significantly enriched in left sided tumor. Furthermore, out of the 865 genes which were highly expressed on the left side, we identified specific genes including BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, CHEK2, FANCC, PALB2, TP53 and MSH6 which are associated primarily with breast cancer genesis and mostly have established clinical management guidelines. Conclusions: Our results suggest a more aggressive nature to left sided breast cancer with a higher pathological grade perhaps requiring more aggressive treatment. Such a hypothesis needs further study to confirm or refute its validity. If confirmed, it may have a major impact with regard to biology of breast cancer and its subsequent management.
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Trouillas, Jacqueline, Etienne Delgrange, Anne Wierinckx, Alexandre Vasiljevic, Emmanuel Jouanneau, Pia Burman y Gerald Raverot. "Clinical, Pathological, and Molecular Factors of Aggressiveness in Lactotroph Tumours". Neuroendocrinology 109, n.º 1 (2019): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000499382.
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The behaviour of lactotroph tumours varies between benign tumours, those cured by treatment, and that of aggressive tumours, and carcinomas with metastasis. Identification of clinical, pathological and molecular factors is essential for the early identification of patients that may have such aggressive tumours. Plasma prolactin levels and tumour size and invasion, per se, are not prognostic factors. However, tumours appearing at a young age (<20 years), especially in boys, and the presence of genetic predisposition have a poorer prognosis. In addition, lactotroph tumours in men differ from those in women, being larger, more often invasive, and resistant to dopamine agonists. They are also more often high-grade with a high risk of recurrence and malignancy. The expression of estrogen receptor α is lower than in women and is closely correlated to aggressiveness. Proliferation markers (Ki-67 expression: ≥3%, mitotic count n > 2) are correlated to invasion and proliferation, but, taken alone, their prognostic value is debatable. Based on a 5-tiered clinicopathological classification, and taking into account invasion and proliferation, a grade 2b (aggressive) lactotroph tumour has a 20× risk of progression compared to a grade 1a (benign) tumour. Moreover, lactotroph tumours are the second-most frequent aggressive and malignant tumour. Other factors, such as the expression of growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] and epidermal growth factor [EGF]), the genes regulating invasion, differentiation and proliferation, adhesion molecules (E-cadherin), matrix metalloproteinase 9, and chromosome abnormalities (chromosomes 11, 19, and 1), have also been correlated with aggressiveness. Currently, clinical signs, a prognostic classification, and molecular and genetic markers may all help the clinician in the early identification of aggressive lactotroph tumours and enable stratification of their management.
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Lefevre, Carmen E. y Gary J. Lewis. "Perceiving Aggression from Facial Structure: Further Evidence for A Positive Association with Facial Width–To–Height Ratio and Masculinity, but Not for Moderation by Self–Reported Dominance". European Journal of Personality 28, n.º 6 (noviembre de 2014): 530–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.1942.
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Recent work has indicated that individual differences in facial structure are linked to perceptions of aggressiveness. In particular, the relative width of a face [facial width–to–height ratio (fWHR)] has been suggested to be a reliable cue to aggressive behaviour, at least in men. Additionally, facial masculinity has been associated with perceptions of dominance, a close proxy of aggressiveness. In two studies, we assessed the robustness of this link using faces transformed along these vectors in men (Studies 1 and 2) and women (Study 2). Additionally, we examined whether individual differences in self–reported dominance of perceivers moderated this association in order to extend previous work indicating that own dominance affects perception of such behaviour in others. Results indicated that both male and female faces with increased fWHR and increased facial masculinity were perceived as more aggressive. However, we found no systematic evidence for moderating effects of self–reported dominance on the perception of aggression in others. Taken together, these results further support the robustness of fWHR and facial masculinity as cues to aggressiveness but question whether observers’ own dominance moderates their perception of these cues in others. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Ahn, Hye Shin, Sun Mi Kim, Mijung Jang y Bo La Yun. "Quantitative analysis of breast parenchymal background enhancement (BPE) on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging: Association with mammographic breast density and aggressiveness of the primary cancer in postmenopausal women." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, n.º 26_suppl (10 de septiembre de 2013): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.26_suppl.38.
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38 Background: To evaluate semiautomated quantitative analysis of the BPE in postmenopausal women who were diagnosed breast cancer and to correlate it with mammographic breast density and aggressiveness of the primary cancer. Methods: Informed patient consent was waived after institutional review board approved this study. Four hundred eighty two breast cancer patients performed breast MRI in our institution during 16 months, and 84 postmenopausal women of them were included in this study (median age, 67.2 years; range, 60-76 years). Ordinary values of BPE and breast density were described by an experienced breast radiologist using the BIRADS lexicon. The BPE was calculated with semiautomated quantitative method for quantitative analysis: BPE coefficient (BEC = SI1-SI0 / S0 × 100), where SI is signal intensity, SI1 is the SI enhancement measured in the largest dimension of the sagittal plane at the first postcontrast image, and S0 is the SI before contrast injection. On surgical pathology, pathologic subtype, nuclear and histologic grade, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2≠neu, venous and lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis was evaluated. And then, the mean BEC of the patients who diagnosed local or systemic recurrence on follow-up was calculated and compared with that of the patients without recurrence. The statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The mean BEC of the postmenopausal women was 3.96 ± 6.71 in right breast and 3.41 ± 8.09 in left breast. There was no significant difference in the BEC between mammographic breast density groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant correlation between BPE and aggressiveness of the primary breast cancer. However, the mean BEC was higher in the recurrent patient group (n = 6, mean=16.23 ± 19.88) compared with the patients without recurrence (n = 78, mean=2.44 ± 5.62). Conclusions: No association was found between BPE and aggressiveness of the primary breast cancer, BPE and breast density. However, the mean BEC was higher in the patients who diagnosed local or systemic recurrence.
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Dessimoni, Marina, Carla Pessoa, Benedito Filho, Heloisa Vespoli, Eliana Nahas y Eduardo Pessoa. "Breast density in Brazilian women and its risk for breast cancer and tumor aggressiveness". Breast Journal 26, n.º 11 (20 de septiembre de 2020): 2314–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tbj.14042.
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Almquist, Martin, Lola Anagnostaki, Lennart Bondeson, Anne-Greth Bondeson, Signe Borgquist, Göran Landberg, Janne Malina, Johan Malm y Jonas Manjer. "Serum calcium and tumour aggressiveness in breast cancer: a prospective study of 7847 women". European Journal of Cancer Prevention 18, n.º 5 (septiembre de 2009): 354–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cej.0b013e32832c386f.
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Sweet, Thomas J. y Angela H. Ting. "WOMEN IN CANCER THEMATIC REVIEW: Diverse functions of DNA methylation: implications for prostate cancer and beyond". Endocrine-Related Cancer 23, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2016): T169—T178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-16-0306.
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Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men worldwide. Current clinical screening ensures that most prostate cancers are diagnosed while still organ confined, but disease outcome is highly variable. Thus, a better understanding of the molecular features contributing to prostate cancer aggressiveness is being sought. For many cancers, aberrant genome-wide patterns of cytosine DNA methylation in CpG dinucleotides distinguish tumor from normal tissue and contribute to disease progression by altering the transcriptome. In prostate cancer, recent genomic studies identified cancer and high grade-specific differential DNA methylation in gene promoters, gene bodies, gene 3′ ends and at distal regulatory elements. Using examples from developmental and disease systems, we will discuss how DNA methylation in each of these genomic contexts can contribute to transcriptome diversity by modulating transcription initiation, alternative transcription start site selection, alternative pre-mRNA splicing and alternative polyadenylation. Alternative transcripts from the same gene often exhibit altered protein-coding potential, translatability, stability and/or localization. All of these can have functional consequences in cells. In future work, it will be important to determine if DNA methylation abnormalities in prostate cancer modify the transcriptome through some or all of these mechanisms and if these DNA methylation-mediated transcriptome alterations impact prostate tumorigenesis and aggressiveness.