Tesis sobre el tema "Age viking et Moyen Âge"
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Baranes, Angela. "La formation d'un paysage chrétien au Danemark viking et médiéval : Logiques spatiales et pratiques sociales (VIIIe-XIIIe siècles)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ2001.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to study the making of a Christian landscape in Denmark during the period of Christianisation (8th-13th century), using a combination of textual, material, toponomastic and cartographic sources. The religious transition took place gradually, not imposed by the Christian neighbours, but by the gradual acceptance of the Christian faith by the elites. It involved social transformations that also had spatial consequences, modifying the form, practice and conception of spaces, places and landscapes. The aim of this research is to carry out a systemic analysis on a small scale, looking at historical Denmark in its entirety and breaking down the chronological and disciplinary boundaries (Protohistory and the Middle Ages; history, archaeology and geography) hitherto maintained in research. Divided into three chrono-thematic parts (missionary period, 'official conversion' and institutionalisation), the thesis sets out to understand the mechanisms and evolution of the establishment and sacralisation of places of worship and funerary sites, the forms of which vary from one period to another, as well as the development of pastoral territories. Ultimately, the aim is to determine whether the spatial and monumental expressions of Christianisation form part of a continuity or a break with the earlier pagan period, and whether there are similarities with the Christianisations carried out in Europe in previous centuries. This work is based on the development of several corpus of textual sources and inventories of monuments, objects and sites (ecclesiastical and funerary sites, liturgical objects, runestones with Christian characteristics, using cartographic production and GIS tools that place the sites in their context (biophysical occupation of the land and human occupation, roads, place names)
Malbos, Lucie. "Les relations entre les emporia et leurs hinterlands en Europe du Nord-Ouest du VIIe au Xe siècle". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010668.
Texto completoThe emporia, trading-stations with manufacturing activities, appear during the 7th and 8th centuries on the North Sea, Baltic and Channel shores, when the economic axis moved from the Mediterranean Sea towards the North, when the exchanges become more important and the political powers are remodeled. On the periphery of kingdoms being set up and at the heart of exchange networks, they are meeting places, with economic, political and cultural aspects and where Anglo-Saxon, Frankish, Frisian, Scandinavian and Slav traders mingle with each other. They are also consumption centers and producing sites where exchanges, storage and transit can take place. Thanks to their common characteristics we can compare Scandinavian sites (Birka, Kaupang, Hedeby, Ribe), Anglo-Saxon site (Hamwic) and Frankish sites (Quentovic and Dorestad), in a context of political, economic and social changes during the 7th-10th centuries. To this end, this study rests on both written and archaeological sources, in an interdisciplinary approach using archaeology, geography, anthropology. We will wonder how the emporia and their hinterlands interact, as regards supply issues, coinage, importations and craft productions circulation. We will also examine the relationships between the emporia and various authorities, and elaborate on the fiscal, administrative, juridical and even religious functions of these trading ports, to outline social networks, on different scales (from local insertion to integration in the long-distance trade networks), while examining the links between the different emporia in Northwestern Europe and even beyond
Pariaud-Seguin, Emmanuelle. "Les plantes zoomorphes et anthropomorphes au Moyen Age". Paris, EPHE, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPHE4004.
Texto completoThe zoomorphic and anthropomorphic plants that fill the mental and figurative world of the medieval age in the West are still largely unknown and poorly inventoried; they are part of a vast corpus spread across several disciplines and different intellectual, temporal and geographic spheres. Indeed, they are present in fields ranging from religious writings to profane literature, as well as in bestiaries, herbals, encyclopedia, historical-geographic reports and travel stories. There are multiple combinations : barnacle tree, vegetable lamb, sheep plant, Baromets, Sun and Moon trees from the Alexander Romance anthropomorphic plants, the mandrake. They figure most widely as images, but not exclusively. Behind these hybrids is always a story, a belief or a system of thought, without which we could not understand them. The astonishing profusion illustrates a complex mode of representation than links, plant to human or animals, in a way that is more than a simple decorative concept. These plants offer us a novel way of looking at the concept of nature and marvels, from an artistic, philosophical, theological and scientific point of view, as well as the prevailing medieval and Renaissance idea of combining kingdoms
Garcia, Charles. "Le Campo de Toro au Moyen Age : peuplement, seigneuries et société (IXe-XIVe siècles)". Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100022.
Texto completoOubahli, Mohamed. ""La main et le pétrin" : alimentation céréalière et pratiques culinaires dans l'Occident musulman au Moyen Age". Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0047.
Texto completoThiellet, Claire. "Sainteté féminine, sainteté royale dans le haut Moyen Age occidental (Ve-XIe siècles)". Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040090.
Texto completoMichaud-Fréjaville, Françoise. "Économie et vie rurales en Berry à la fin du Moyen Age". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010695.
Texto completoThere is an opposition in Berry between the dry central chalk plateaus brocken with walleys an a green, humid and in places hilly periphery : the human an economic opposition between the two characteristics largely underlies this research. Towards the end of the middle ages, the population grew scarce in the central area where the early demographic crises brought about very larges "metairies" (farms) dealing both with large-scale sheep rearing and extensive cereal farming. This confirm an impression of great activity and fairy rich diversity of the surrounding "pays", where openfield mixed-farming for food was on a par with cattle an sheep raising. Vine growing went through a very particular phase of development in the xivth century. The two periods of reconstruction 1370-1400 and 1440-1490, separated by the depression of the years 1412-1436 (which may have seen the population reduced to one third), occurred without any significant modification of the charges and pressure exested by thhe lay and ecclesiatical authorities. Franchises in Berry did not facilitate the setting up of really autonomous village communities, but archaic rights ("juillerie", jousts an such like pleasantries)show the strength of tradition. The period none the less knew a very marked decrease of serfdom in the northern royal part and in sancerre area, whereas the low Berry and a nearby zone of the bourbonnais maintained a powerful network of personal bondage up to the modern times. The necessity to increase feudal revenue - especially felt by religious establishments - brought about, as elsewhere, the creation of small-holdings gained over fallow land and previously common grazing land. A reallocation of arable land was carried about by a reduction and accentuation of vineyards and a new role was given over to hemp. This was also the begining of the edge-landscape over a wide peripheral strip of Berry, while the open field developped systematically in the central zone. Such was the begining of the present-day landscape of Berry
Gonon, Thierry. "Les cloches en France au Moyen Age : étude archéologique et approche historique". Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/gonon_t.
Texto completoCastex, Dominique. "Mortalité, morbidité et gestion de l'espace funéraire au cours du Haut Moyen-Age : contribution spécifique de l'anthropologie biologique". Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR11097.
Texto completoCastex, Dominique. "Mortalité, morbidité et gestion de l'espace funéraire au cours du Haut Moyen-Age : contribution spécifique de l'anthropologie biologique". Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR10672.
Texto completoGuran, Petre. "Sainteté royale et pouvoir universel en terre d'Orthodoxie (fin du Moyen-Age et début de l'époque moderne)". Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0020.
Texto completoGarnier, Florent. "Le consulat de Millau au Bas Moyen Age : finances, pouvoir et société". Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020120.
Texto completoPy, Vanessa. "Mine, bois et forêt dans les Alpes du Sud au Moyen-Age : approches archéologique, bioarchéologique et historique". Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00443963.
Texto completoPuig, Carole. "Les campagnes roussillonnaises au Moyen-Age : dynamiques agricoles et paysagères entre le XIIe et la première moitié du XIVe". Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20095.
Texto completoStudying agricultural practices and landscapes, this work aims to show the main transformations Roussillon encountered from the XIIth to the XIVth century, because its agriculture, breeding, fishing and hunting practices informs us on the whole societey. Thanks to the use of both Field Archaeology and written documents, the former obscure branches of the rural life, can now be better understood. All steps of production have been studied, from the field preparation, to the products consumption or marketing. It shows agrowth, which reveals a stronger influence of people on their land. This is to link with the deep social transformations. Farmers, lords and the prince, but also merchants, are responsible for a larger dynamism, which connects more strongly Roussillon's countryside to the Mediterranean trade. These factors, undoubtly, have consequences on the reintegration of the short-lived Kingdom of Majorque, in the Crown of Aragon
Dahan, Gilbert. "Les intellectuels chrétiens et les Juifs au Moyen Age : polémique et relations culturelles entre chrétiens et juifs en Occident du XIIe au XIVe siècles". Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010565.
Texto completoThe condition of the jews in western europe, xiith-xivth cent. , can be caracterised by its constant degradation : numerous accusations and persecutions, to which could be added exactions from the royal power. The legal status changed as well, from roman citizenship to serfdom, as the jews became a private property. The attitude defined in canon law is ambivalent : if the church tried to keep the life of the jews and forbade forced baptisms, it enacted many decrees and undertook an active policy of mission. We can notice the same duality within the intellectual relationship between christians and jews. First, the contacts were more frequent, about biblical subjects (the critical text of the vulgate as well as the exegesis); hebrew was studied more, with the help of jews, then with converts. In the field of astronomy and medicine, the jews contributed to the transmission in western europe of the improvements of arabic science; in philosophy, the solutions given by maimonides in the conflict between arabohellenic thought and doctrines drawn from the bible were often agreed by christian theologians. However, at the same time, the controversy with judaism was growing, in oral disputations (but instead of free discussions, there were trials) as well as in literary works (contra iudaeos). The method was renewed, notably by an enlargement of the concept of auctoritas (which included then rabbinical literature, well known by some christian polemicists). The polemical themes were always the same : jews do not understand the scriptures, the truths of christianity, the errors of judaism. In the meditation of christian thinkers, we can see once more an ambivalence : some deprived the jews from their own values, whereas others asserted that, though they are guilty, the jewish people must be kept alive. But the problem seems to be often understood only at a theorical level; the image of the jews which appears in their writings is unreal, more and more caricatural, and even bearing features proceeding from popular fantasy
Sarrazin, Jean-Luc. "La campagne et la mer : les pays du littoral poitevin au Moyen Age (fin XIIe siècle - milieu XVe siècle)". Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040292.
Texto completoThe thesis presents a study of littoral countries of Poitou between the great expansion that hat taken place during the central years of the middle ages and the relative ending of the ordeals of the XIVth and XVth centuries. It consists in three parts. The first one (prolegomena) describes the geographical components especially the lay-out of the coast and the link between the ocean and the sea-side countries. The second one (book i: expanding and organization of the space - around 1170; around 1340) is the core of the work where are studied the genesis of the marais poitevin, the salt marshes spreading, the conquest of the intended coastline as well as production and seigniorial structures. Towards the beginning of the XIVth century the huge development effort leads to a high con, trol of the environment and to an exceptional occupation of the whole coastline. The third part (book II: crisis and strengthening -around 1340; around 1460-) deals with a study of the ordeals which affect the region starting from 1346-1350 (insecurity, plagues). This part puts into light the firmness of the seigniory which goes through the turmoil without major damage. The main themes studied are: organization of the coastline, control of the waters, salt production means, social and seigniorial structures, peasants agitations
Zinélabidine, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'étude des théories et conceptions esthétiques musicales arabo-musulmanes au Moyen Age (du VIIe s. Au XIIIe s. )". Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040047.
Texto completoThe question we can ask now is: what we call Arabic music is in fact Arabic or is it an Islamic music ? Having started from an Arabic music which was developed before and after Islam, we are interested in its origins, repertories, and forms. The first part of our work concerns the study of the classical Arabic musical system, its specific elements, its characteristics, and its singing technics until the IXth century. In the second part, we followed the evolution of the Arabic musical scale before Islam until the school of "systematists" (XIIIth century) to appreciate the consequences of these transformations on the Arabic melodical modal systems in the near middle east and the Muslim west. We also specified that the classical music school represented by al-Kindi and al-Mawcili (IXth century) was transmitted by Zyriab (IXth century). With such men the ideas of the east were transmitted to the Muslim west. We then examined the Arabic cultural influence in the middle-aged occident. We looked at how the Arabic culture development in general and the musical one in particular permitted to the middle-aged occident a real will to the knowledge when the need is felt. Finally, in the third part we introduce the arab-muslim musical thinking through the study of the al-Kindi's four-element theory, the al-Farabi's aesthetic feelings, and the al-Ghazali's spiritual music
Berson, Bruno. "L'homme et l'animal en Islande au Moyen Age, 9e-14e siècles". Lille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LIL3A001.
Texto completoPéricard-Méa, Denise. "Le culte de saint Jacques : pèlerins de Compostelle et pèlerinages en France à la fin du Moyen Age". Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010503.
Texto completoThis study - conducted over the period of time from 12th to 15th century - has led to the statement that French pilgrims were not as numerous as was originally believed. That the galician shrine occupied such a large place in the minds of the kings and knights of the time, each of them aspiring to identify either with charlemange or with roland and his companions, was a result of the success of the turpin chronicle. It was by rushinh upon pierre le cruel or the english taht the knights accomphished their pilgrimage, or alternatively through a passage of arms, a dramatization of the same theme. As for ordinary pilgrims, the literature may leed us to believe there were milions of them, but in actual fact they numbered only a few hundred, dotted along the road of time. Pilgrims crowds did exist however, and could be met with on the roads leading to the many shrines dedicated to Saint James, who was both one and many and was woven into many legends, most of which had been imported from the orient at the times of the crusades ans reshaped by chivalrous and popular imagination. The importance of these local shrines which held Saint James's relics, or even his body, can be attested to by the political stakes which they representated at times, and by the hospital and hospitable structures as well as brotherhoods they generated
Nishimagi, Shin. "Les modalités de l'enseignement musical au Moyen Age : Le traité De Modis, Cambrai, Médiathèque municipale, Ms 172 (XIIème siècle)". Paris, EPHE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EPHE4047.
Texto completoSultan, Agathe. ""En conjunction de science " : musique et rhétorique à la fin du Moyen Age". Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040224.
Texto completoA common practice and a constant reference for many medieval poets, music was the source of the second rhetoric. However, today music appears to be a true stumbling stone for literary exegesis. In the tradition initiated by Boethius, music is altogether worldly, human and instrumental allowing the union between sense and intellect. As one of the arts of the quadrivium, its implications for the realm of poetics are very complex. Music interests us primarily for the intricacy of the styles. Even as it follows the old structural and rhetorical patterns, the music of the ars nova partakes in an ambivalent esthetics particularly through the innovative conception of the science of Numbers displayed in the multiplication of voices. In the works of Guillaume de Machaut whose lyrics and rhythmical composition equally reveal his utter degree of artistic refinement, the motet becomes the epitome of poetical tension, fracture and alienation. Pluritextuality provides not a catalyst for dialogue but rather operates as a chamber of echoes. Moreover, the proliferation of tropes intensifies and expands the fictional utterance. With the arguable exception of L'Art de dictier, followed by a relative disaffection for song, the writers continue to search for a new art of the counterpoint, between harmony and eloquence, in the shadow of traditional musical forms
Mériaux, Anne. "Prophètes et prophéties en France à la fin du Moyen Age". Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100045.
Texto completoAt the end of the Middle Ages, a number of minor prophets sought to deliver a message which they claim they had received from God. This charismatic phenomenon can be related to contemporary crises: religious crisis with the Western Schism (1378-1417) ; political crisis with the civil war; and national crisis with the Hundred Year’s War. These minor prophets are often stereotypical: they come from the frontier of the kingdom; the men are often hermits, like John the Baptist; the women tend to be widows, beguines or recluses. Although they don’t always display a specific sign, the sanctity of their behavior openly establishes that they are prophets, and many of them perform miracles. The content of their message evolves little during the period of interest: it pertains to the Schism, the necessary reform of the Church, and the crusade. Some prophets also announce the End of Time, in the same manner as the prophet-preachers predicting the coming of the Antichrist, or ‘makers’ of prophecies, whom the most active were influenced by Joachim of Fiore. They also embody the diffusion of messianic ideas in favor of the House of France, especially the ‘Charles’ Kings. However, due to a lack of reference doctrine about ‘discretio spirituum’, the official Church will succeed in controlling prophetism. It will confine it to few small circles, and, above all, will empty it of its subversive substance
Lemoine, Louis. "Recherches sur l'enseignement et la culture dans la Bretagne du haut Moyen-Age". Rennes 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN20001.
Texto completoThis work comprises three parts. The first relates to palaeography. About ten manuscripts, mostly copied from insular models, have been studied. Both in the text and in the glosses, the scribes use insular, even specifically Irish, abbreviations, in particular for secundum and inter. For the word Contra, there exists a typically Breton symbol. Some insights into the localization of Breton scriptoria and the dispersion of the ninth-and tenth-century manuscripts out of Brittany will be found the conclusion. The second part is devoted to teaching methods. The Bretons, as well as insular people, use construe-marks which, as they link verb and subject, adjective and substantive, etc. , facilitate the work of the inexperienced Latin student. This method is illustrated by an analysis of the construe-marks inscribed on the Fourth Georgic (Berne Ms. 167). The Bretons also use the sequential system which consists in putting letters above the words of the latin sentence : when read in the a. B. C. . . Order, they give the student the syntactical order in his vernacular. This system particularly prevails in the Paris Priscian (B. N. Lat. 10290) which is cognate with Saint-Gall 904 (Irish). A comparative study of an extract from each of these grammars gives evidence of the influence of Irish methods upon Breton schools. Such influence is also to be found in the glosses to the Oxford Eutychus (Bodl. Lib. Ms. Auct. F. 4. 32). This part also includes a detailed study of the Latin and Celtic glosses to an extract from the second book of the Aeneid (Berne 167). The third part is devoted to a study of celtic glosses and particulary to the problems of the equivalency of Latin and Breton words, especially as regards the legal terms in the collections of canons and in the cartularies. For example : Clima rann, Theorica guparol, Curia dadl. The problems of lexical creation in the fields of grammar and computus are also dealt with. Finally, a chapter is devoted to mistranslations. A Latin-Breton glossary of about 1700 words will be found in an appendix
Maneuvrier, Christophe. "Paysages et sociétés rurales au Moyen Age : Le Pays d'Auge jusqu'à la fin du XIIIe siècle". Caen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CAEN1285.
Texto completoGuidini-Raybaud, Joëlle. "Verriers et vitrail en Provence occidentale au Moyen-Age et à l'́époque moderne". Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10018.
Texto completoPortet, Pierre. "Bertrand Boysset, arpenteur arlésien de la fin du Moyen Age (vers 1355/1358 - vers 1416), et ses traités techniques d'arpentage et de bornage : étude, édition du texte provençal d'après le manuscrit Carpentras, bibl. mun., no 327 et commentaire de "La siensa de destrar" et de "La siensa d'atermenar"". Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20060.
Texto completoThe land surveyor bertrand boysset was born at arles crica 1355 and he wrote two technicals treatises dealing with land surveying and bounding. These writings remain the first known for the western middle ages. They are of low mathematical level and they show a great concern for precision in land measuring. They also show in a very realistic way the pratices of land surveying in the early 15th century
Minois, Danielle. "La peinture sur verre à Troyes à la fin du Moyen Age". Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040125.
Texto completoTroyes is a bright artistic centre at the end of the Middle Ages. Sites are numerous. Religious buildings are ornamented with stained glasses. Who orders them? Who are the stained glass workers? From the investigation realized from the Archives and from the stained glasses, the donors, clergymen or rich persons of Troyes, opened up to innovation, remain closed to tradition. Church has a preponderant part in choosing iconography. Among the fifty-one identified stained glass workers, twenty-three can be said stained glass artists. Generally, their works are included in the sites. Probably without any statutes, their workshops are small structures. In case of important demand, the stained glass artists form associations. They worked too in numerous churches of southern Champagne. Reproduction of stained glasses, associations, absence of works property and existence of nets of donors enable to interpret the apparent homogeneity of numerous stained glasses. The notion of Stained glass School of Troyes is confirmed and specified
Tabuteau, Bruno. "Une léproserie normande au Moyen Age : Le Prieuré de saint Nicolas d'Evreux du XIIème au XVIème siècle. Histoire et corpus des sources". Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUEL234.
Texto completoThe study of St Nicolas d’Evreux leper-house has been aroused first by the keeping of appreciable archives -the publication of which in a big corpus favoured a rigorous work- and secondly by the presence of the site and of antique buildings of the lazaret. This case study contributes to the renewal of the research on leprosy, lepers and leper-houses which are distinguishable features of the medieval occidental civilization. Some essential historical processes have been particularly given prominence: institutionalization, rather than founding, in the course of a 12th century characterized by an expanding economy, increasing demography and spiritual effervescence; along with the ecclesiastical normalization of plausible primitive hermitlike experience; obvious mutation from a penitential type brotherhood to a priory benefice simple in the 14th century; economical reorganization during the 15th century of a Normandy in the turmoil of the Hundred Year's War; at last, municipalization until the establishment merges with the local "bureau des pauvres" in 1557, in a wide trend of hospitaller reformation on a kingdom scale. Eventually, it would be proper to seriously reconsider the traditional historiographical discourse about the lepers exclusion and the segregative function of leper-houses
Hablot, Laurent. "La devise, mise en signe du prince, mise en scène du pouvoir : les devises et l'emblématique des princes en France et en Europe à la fin du Moyen Age". Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT5012.
Texto completoGandeboeuf, Luc. "Prisonniers et prisons royales en Normandie à la fin du Moyen Age (14e-15e siècles)". Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040161.
Texto completoIn the middle ages, the royal power had not allowed any specific budget, either for the prisons themselves or for their running. Jails were thus settled in various kinds of buildings (in castles, in tower basements, in high walls or simply in town houses). Furthermore, there were many rooms within jails, each of the having a specific use. Among the prisoners, some could not support themselves and their costs was borne by the king. They got very little bread and water. Living conditions were harsh but at the time, people were not deemed to die in jail ; they were there as preventive. Dreadful criminals were put in chains or deep pits. Nevertheless escaping were a common occurrence. The number of capital executions, which was high all through the middle ages, would have come down in the late 15th century, prisoners being banished or sent away rather sentenced to death. Imprisonment became a real sentence
Coumert, Magali. "Les récits d'origine des peuples dans le haut Moyen Age occidental (milieu VIe - milieu IXe siècle)". Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100133.
Texto completoThis work refutes the hypothesis of a core of ethnic traditions that could be read in the origin accounts written in the early middle ages. Instead of ethnic traditions, it shows how these accounts reflected antic ethnography. They took from its learned works the descriptions of the origin places they present, Troy, Scandia or Scythia, as the symbolic events that gradually allowed each people to settle down in the roman empire. Each origin account could be, and was, rewritten and changed to illustrate a new political context. They presented so a changing identity for each people, open to any modification for the present times
Carrier, Nicolas. "La vie montagnarde en Faucigny à la fin du Moyen Age : économie et société fin XIIIe - début XVIe siècle". Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO31004.
Texto completoFaugeron, Fabien. "Nourrir la ville : ravitaillement, marché et métiers de l'alimentation à Venise dans les derniers siècles du Moyen Age". Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040030.
Texto completoThe history of Venice is linked to a paradoxical success. On the salty waters of a lagoon was built one of the greatest cities of the medieval western world. It seems that its extraordinary fortune as far as trade is the sole explanation for its capacity to feed its inhabitants. The aim of this research is to address globally the question of food supply in a Mediterranean metropolis at the end of the Middle Ages. I will take the whole network of food supply into account, in order to understand how important that sector was for the public finances and within the larger framework of the trade system and the urban consumption. My first part deals with supply : supply politics elaborated to cope with critical situations and food shortages ; interactions between public and private spheres ; structure and formation of the chain of supply ; forms of the supply trade and complementarities between its scales. My second part addresses the urban distribution and consumption : I focus successively on places, craftsmen, the moral or economic logic of the organization of trade channels and food practices
Gleize, Yves. "Gestion de corps, gestion de morts : analyse archéo-anthropologique de réutilisations de tombes et de manipulations d'ossements en contexte funéraire au début du Moyen Age (entre Loire et Garonne, Ve-VIIIe siècle)". Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13308.
Texto completoHuot-Marchand, Guillaume. "La céramique de poêle en Lorraine au Moyen Age et au début de l'époque moderne". Nancy 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN21003.
Texto completoAppearing during the late Middle Ages in Alsace or Baden-Wurtemberg, the stove's ceramic was little studied in Lorraine, although it harbored a rich collection. From the ceramologic study of the thousands of fragments exhumed from many Lorraine sites and examination of many registers of accounts, a regional typo-chronology of medieval and modern stove's ceramics was elaborated, describing a very morphologically and technologically varied furniture, whose evolution, (with the progressive passage of stove's pots via a kind of truncated goblet, to stove's tiles, with varied iconography), being explained by the will of the artisans to increase the furnaces solidity and heat efficiency. Far from being an epiphenomenon, the use of stoves was widely diffused in Lorraine by the end of the Middle Ages which started from nearby regions being relayed by local workshops
Levillain-Angoulvant, Françoise. "Le théâtre religieux dans le Maine à la fin du Moyen Age : (c 1450-1550)". Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA3003_1.pdf.
Texto completoThe study of religious theater performed in the Maine province, at the end of the Middle Ages, permits an approach of the religious attitudes of its inhabitants. It enables us to discover the Christian doctrine taught then and the religious behaviours. As in the case of sermons, we find there a strong emphasis on sins and their consequences, for example on the stage the audience can see the Devil carrying the sinners's soul away to hell. Whilst the nobleman plays a main role amongst the characters, women and unconventionnal figures or dropouts, are not left out. At reading the plays we discover the fears and anxieties of the population, faced with death, calamities and wars, also we notice how they found ways to overcome these problems, with the help of religion or the supernatural , also including a certain sense of humour. The staging of the torments inflicted to Christ or to the martyrs is an indication of the violence of the society which appears to look at such performances with fascination. After decades of crisis in the XIVth and XVth centuries, this theater develops while reconstruction begins and spreads in the province. At the same time, the artistic production rejoins the same existential concerns and the murals in country churches stand as proof of the protection asked from the saints whose lives were known through theater
Braida, Francesca. ""L'âme, l'image, le miroir" : les rêves dans l'histoire et la littérature latine et française du Moyen Age (XIIe-XIVe siècle)". Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0098.
Texto completoDegouzon, Arnaud. "La notion de sceau authentique au Moyen Âge : doctrine et pratique". Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100019.
Texto completoThis thesis puts forward the notion of the sigillum authenticum at the Medieval time. It proposes a definition of such a concept through the analysis of medieval legal material. The aim is to show that a deed with a sigilum authenticum was used as a tool for power and any persons subject to Community laws. To be recognised as authentic, the seal required a few conditions. It had to respect a set of formalities, to be received, written and verified by officials and to prove a tax payment. Without all these requirements, the seal could not be considered as authentic since it would neither have been sealed nor been. Such an analysis puts forward the idea that authenticity could not exist on its own but was the result of a dynamic process of controls and checkings. Such a process was created by the competent public authority and set up by assermented officials. This study also shows the importance of written proof by the medieval society. It underlines the relationship between the written proof and the oral testimonies
Roy, Thomas. "Rémunérations, travail et niveaux de vie à Dijon à la fin du Moyen-Age". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCH004.
Texto completoThe remuneration of work is a familiar concept in our modern world. It is well known that medieval societies also faced it, but we don’t know under what proportions, what influenced its level and how it participates to living standard. These are the central questions guiding this work, with Dijon at the end of the Middle Ages as a mooring point. The richness of Dijon medieval archives offers high quality material for the study of medieval remunerations. A first point of observation was established during the 1370-1395 period, where the cross-referencing of various documents made possible to systemically observe the importance of remunerations within Dijon society. Two other observation points were placed on the ducal vineyards and the municipal legislation on prices and wages, in a wider diachronic perspective extended to the 15th century.A database was created from more than 12,000 payments covering the 1370-1395 period. It reports a significant income-generating activity in the construction, craft and vineyard areas. The mapping of these remunerations shows their impact on the whole city and beyond. The comparison with the tax accounts made possible to assess the proportion of the population which was paid and its standard of living. Indeed, our documents do not allow us to detect the entire active population : only about 20 % of the city households were retributed. Medieval society had difficulties to give a name to remunerations. This study shows that work is quantified by different means: some are based on precise calculations of daily work or measurement of production, the others mix remuneration sensu stricto and in kind payment of the workers. The levels of remuneration are however calculated on the basis of concrete aspects: the worker's experience, his/her technical mastery and his/her know-how, the task difficulty, the harsh working conditions and the productivity. If these aspects are similar to modern practice of remuneration, it takes place in small working structures, often enshrined in the broad framework of the family.The late-medieval labor remuneration is thus composite and if some of workers get rich, it is difficult to grasp its importance to satisfy the needs of workers. Yet, political interventions constantly seeked to constrain and limit the rise of remunerations in order to reduce the production costs. Throughout the fifteenth century, the city of Dijon and the Duchy of Burgundy promulgated ordinances on the remuneration of winegrowers, and others which aimed to limit the bread price. These interferences show the importance of the remuneration of work at the end of the Middle Ages and also gives the means to approach the concept of real wages
Berardi, Riccardo. "Féodalité laïque et féodalité ecclésiastique en Italie du Sud au Moyen Age : la Calabre des Normands à la guerre des Vêpres (1040-1282)". Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT2029.
Texto completoMy paper will address the specific characteristics of the institutional, economic and social forms which amount to feudalism and seigniorage in medieval Calabria. ln order to answer this question, one should first try to reconstruct the historical geography of this phenomenon in the period from the conquest of Southern Italy by the Normans (1071) to the War of the Sicilian Vespers (1282); this by creating a database based on that of the so-called Baronial Catalog. A detailed and exhaustive study can be carried out on the landownership and socioeconomic relations in Calabria during the High Middle Ages by examining the dynamics of the feudal system and the ecclesiastical seigniorage. This will be pursued by analyzing the feudal investitures made by the Norman, Swabian and Angevin sovereigns as well as the great royal, comital, ducal and seigniorial donations to the cathedral churches and the great monasteries
Seláf, Levente. "La Chanson pieuse vernaculaire au Moyen Age : Essai de contextualisation". Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040015.
Texto completoThis thesis examines the entire corpus of French, Occitan and Galician religious poetry composed by the troubadours and the trouvères from the 12th to 14th century. Critics, past and present, have largely ignored these poems and considered them poetically poor and uninteresting. Although, the poetry of the troubadours has for the last two decades been a popular object of intertextual analyses, both for the writing and for the interpretation of medieval poetry, religious poetry fails to get the attention it deserves. Through careful analysis, inventory, and comparison of the poems, and by combining different critical positions, I demarcate the corpus, and conceptualise the problems that this poetry presents. To contribute to the accessibility and "readability" of Early Medieval poetry, I try to propose a definition of Lyrical Poetry in its integrity
Péricard, Jacques. "Le diocèse de Bourges au Haut Moyen Age de saint Ursin à Audebert : IVe siècle-1097 : essai sur le gouvernement épiscopal et les structures ecclésiastiques en Berry". Lyon 3, 2004. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2005_out_pericard_j.pdf.
Texto completoSimon, Aurore-Diane. "Implantations, activités et relations des établissements d'assistance en Bourgogne à la fin du Moyen Age". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00796994.
Texto completoWeber-Maillot, Tatiana. "Le Moyen-Age de Chateaubriand : esthétique, éthique et idéologie". Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040121.
Texto completoStarting from the presupposition that Chateaubriand rehabilitated the Middle Ages, i examine in his work the evolution of two themes which were treated as rather marginal in the 18th century, but then came to fruition in the Romantic period : the Gothic and chivalry. In doing so, I seek to show how the Revolution, which Chateaubriand despised only for its crimes against ancient France, paradoxically made him into the disseminator of a culture to which he had no innate inclination. Central to a gothic imagination which combines imagery from Breton landscapes and arguments from the Gothic revival, the cliché of the gothique sylvestre, an intuitive theory which prevents one from having to think as a specialist, first serves the purpose of a re-sacralization of a profaned cathedral, and then, after 1830, moves towards a romantic aesthetics of profusion and enormity. Parallel to this, as a model of greatness extended to a world of pygmies. But the ruin determines the emotion. If Chateaubriand brings into his "cathedral autobiography" the commited figure of the knight-writer and integrates courtly ethics into his amorous fantasies, the Middle Ages, set at the distance through irony and emptied out by ghostly stagings from the gothic novel, is denounced as a reactionary aesthetics and ideological model. Torn between honor and freedom, the Gothic and the Classic, Chateaubriand finally stops at the Renaissance which , as conveyed in the figures of Chambord and François Ier, carries out the ephemerical fusion of principles and styles and, above all, by letting the past dye peacefully and by preserving the continuity of history, opposes the bloody advent of modernity with the miracle of a painless Revolution
Weiss, Valentine. "Cens et rentes à Paris au Bas Moyen Age : documents et méthodes de gestion domaniale". Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010604.
Texto completoMenant, François. "Campagnes lombardes du Moyen Age : l'économie et la société rurales dans la région de Bergame, de Crémone et de Brescia du Xe au XIIIe siècle". Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010583.
Texto completoHerrscher, Estelle. "Contribution de l'analyse paléoépidémiologique et paléobiogéochimique à la connaissance de la santé et de l'alimentation à la fin du Moyen Age : église Saint-Laurent de Grenoble". Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MNHN0005.
Texto completoBas, Pierre-Henry. "Le combat à la fin du Moyen Âge et dans la première modernité : théories et pratiques". Thesis, Lille 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL30028.
Texto completoWhy and how we use to fight in the late Middle Ages and during the sixteenth century? With what weapons? Following what rules or principles?The objective of this work is to answer these questions by questioning the theoretical and practical uses of weapons. The ones present in European society in the late Middle Ages and during the Renaissance. Three approaches will be explored :– First, the situation on the ground through the study of legal sources, particularly the remission letters in which the presence and use of a weapon can lead to injury or death of an individual.– Secondly, the theory of weapons through the study of Fechtbücher, Germanic fightbooks written by masters at arms of the fifteenth and sixteenth century. They explain the handling of various weapons such as swords, polearms or daggers. Also the foundations of the art of wrestling and fencing on foot and on horseback.– Finally, the contemporary practice. That is to say, the gesture experimentation and the attempted to return old techniques and tactics through teaching methods in a regulatory framework. The goal is to better understand the playful martial gestures of the past.Besides the contribution of sociology, this corpus is completed by literary or normative documents, showing weapons in non-militarized environments such as corporate fencers or martial and sporting events
Paya, Didier. "La tombe et le cimetière en Languedoc au Moyen-Age : l'exemple du Diocèse de Maguelone[contient T1: La dernière demeure, T2 : Le cimetière]". Montpellier 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON30068.
Texto completoGraves and cemetery have changed since the apparition of christianism. This evolution results from a new perception of the death, connected to resurrection and judgement day. During the 4th century, first manifestations of christianism appear in languedoc. At this time, materials used to build the graves are wood, tegulae and some times stone. Preponderance over other materials will be soon taken by stone. The body is considered as the soul's guard, until the resurrection, so he must be protected. The organisation of cemetery is the same as the ancient paganism. The death always belongs to private affairs, clergymen never intervene. From 9 and 10th centuries forward, cemeteries are settled especially around the parish churches. Cemeteries in the field, funerary basilics are from now on deserted. The church takes care of the destiny of the deceased. Sin become preponderant and faithfuls need prayers and saint's protection. Same antique reasons preside to preservation of the body. The form of the corpse has to be preserved and the development of anthropomorphous graves can be explained by necessary preservetion of the corpse's form. The apparition of the purgatory generates some important modifications in mentalities, espacially in the perception of relations between the corpse and the soul, who will be seperated till the decease from now on. Individual builded graves disappear on benhalf of sepeultures "en pleine terre", in which the corpse is layed in a grave of digged in earth without any kind of amenagement. In churches, ossuary and burials vault which recept the bones of ancients burials grow on. Memory and prayer for the rest of decease's souls are now more important than the corpses. Decea's memory became preponderant and so cemeteries may be settled far from the living's space
Bayard, Adrien. "Contrôler les lieux, organiser l'espace : pouvoir et domination dans l'Auvergne du premier Moyen Age". Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H209.
Texto completoAnalysis of places of power or “elite sites” helps understand the various strategies of construction and organization of territories by medieval magnates. These places served as vantage points from which they could construct and communicate discourses aimed at justifying, expressing and perpetuating their power, both material and symbolic. The early medieval period is of great importance for these phenomena, because it witnessed intense social recombining, resulting in heightened competition between the elites, which were then trying to define themselves as a coherent group.Thanks to their common characteristics, we can compare places of power in Auvergne (province of the ancient city of Clermont), in the context of the political, economic and social changes of the 6th-10th centuries. To carry out this study, aninterdisciplinary approach is necessary, and it has to rest on a wide range of sources, both written and archaeological ones, and methodological tools, notably from archaeology, geography, anthropology. Its goal is to analyze interactions between elite groups and sites of power, as regards localisation, functions and wealth present on these sites. This study aims to highlight the spatial and social networks these places are part of, on various scales