Tesis sobre el tema "Administration locale – Brésil – Histoire"
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Magalhães, Costa Dos Santos Daniel. "Communes et provinces au Brésil au temps des monarchies : les origines d'un fédéralisme tropical". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ASSA0033.
Texto completoCooperation between the federal government, the federated states, the federal district and the municipalities is the keystone of the Brazilian political system. Established in 1988, this scheme is the result of historical tensions between local interests, regional demands and national projects. “History is written by the victors” and the current predominance of the federal bodies, in the Brazilian case, is both the cause and the consequence of an overvaluation of their role in the genesis of the nation state in Brazil. This thesis manuscript offers an analysis of the institutional organization of the Brazilian territorial administration before the adoption of the Republican Regime in 1889. Was the Empire of Brazil truly a unitary and centralized state? Did the imperial municipalities and provinces participate in the process of state-building in Brazil? Thanks to a historical study that goes back to the colonial period, this manuscript shows how the local and regional levels of the Brazilian Imperial Administration occupied a much more important place than that which is usually given to them. In order to better understand the present issues in the eternal “country of the future”, what better way there is than to revisit past experiences
Pereira, Sidclay Cordeiro y Sidclay Cordeiro Pereira. "Análise de um século de representações territoriais e da gestão hídrica no Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil (1909-2019)". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37711.
Texto completoLe Brésil est l’un des pays les mieux desservis en ressources en eau de la planète, avec 12 pour cent du total mondial. Pourtant, son processus de gestion est encore immature comparé aux pays européens, asiatiques et américains. Les problèmes d’accès, d’utilisation et de gestion de l’eau présentent des contextes et des problèmes différents à l’intérieur du pays. La région du Nord-Est représente un tiers de la population et dispose d’environ 3, 3 % des ressources en eau. Dans cette région se trouve la région du semi-aride qui, historiquement, souffre des impacts sociaux et économiques des sécheresses périodiques. Dans ce contexte, la thèse propose une réflexion pouvant mener à un modèle de gestion durablede la région semiaride brésilienne. Celle-ci a pour but de contribuer à une gouvernance de l’eau applicable pour les acteurs concernés et respectant les caractéristiques sociales, économiques et culturelles de la région. De prime abord, nous avons opté pour des choix conceptuels et méthodologiques permettant de comprendre les effets d’un siècle d’histoire de gestion hydrique dans la région à l’étude. Ainsi, ce sont les représentations territoriales, la gouvernance de l’eau et la vision de l’État qui ont été choisies comme cadre théorique. La méthodologie se situe dans le paradigme interprétatif multivarié qui, par une analyse qualitative, a permis de mesurer le poids des variables et des indicateurs. L’étude de cas a été choisie comme stratégie de vérification. S’est ajoutée l’analyse de contenu documentaire et du discours recueilli par des entretiens réalisés auprès de membres du comité de la zone intermédiaire du bassin versant du fleuve San Francisco. Le résultat a été l'identification et l'analyse des représentations du territoire semiaride au cours des siècles où il fut appelé sertão. Ainsi, le semi-aride a été représenté alternativement comme frontière de la colonisation et des espaces vides, comme région problématique, comme représentation du passé et des espaces de la mémoire et, enfin, de durabilité par le biais de la coexistence avec le climat semi-aride. Cela a fortement influencé la vision de l’État et de la société civile organisée sur le territoire en ciblant les politiques et les actions de gestion de l’eau. La gestion de l’eau au sein du territoire étudié, dans une perspective multiscalaire, présente trois niveaux. Le premier est l’État, le second les organisations sociales civiles en partenariat avec l’État et le troisième la Chambre consultative régionale du sous-bassin San Francisco dans le cadre des travaux du Comité du bassin hydrographique du fleuve San Francisco. Cela entraîne des chevauchements de compétences et, en même temps, a rendu la gestion difficile pour la compréhension et la participation populaire. La thèse propose un cadre conceptuel pour la construction d’un modèle de gestion durable impliquant un changement dans la vision du territoire, la consolidation des relations institutionnelles et des lois, l’approfondissement de la décentralisation et de l’autonomie dans les décisions des comités de bassins hydrographiques et l’encouragement de la culture d’anticipation des problèmes et des crises.
Brazil is one of the most served countries in terms of water resources, with 12% of the world's total. However, its management process is still immature compared to European, Asian and North American countries. The problems of access, use and management of water present different contexts and problems within the country. The Northeast region accounts for one third of the population and has about 3, 3% of water resources. In this region is the semiarid region, which historically suffers the social and economic impacts of periodic droughts. In this context, this thesis proposes a reflection to direct to a sustainable management model of the Brazilian semiarid. Its objective is to contribute to water governance applicable to stakeholders and to respect the social, economic and cultural characteristics of the region. At first glance, we have conceptual and methodological choices to understand the effects of a century of water management history on the region under study. Thus, there are territorial representations, water governance and the vision of the state that were chosen as the theoretical framework. The methodology is part of the multivariate interpretative paradigm, which, through qualitative analysis, allowed us to measure the weight of variables and indicators. The case study was chosen as a verification strategy. In addition, documentary content and discourse analysis was collected through interviews with members of the São Francisco River Basin Committee in their submediate excerpt. The result was the identification and analysis of representations of the semiarid territory over the centuries in which it was called sertão. Thus, the semiarid has been represented as a frontier of colonization and empty spaces, as a problem region, as a representation of the past and the spaces of memories and, finally, of sustainability through coexistence with the semiarid. These representations strongly influenced the view of the state and organized civil society in the territory, regarding water management policies and actions. Water management in the study area, from a multi-scale perspective, has three levels. The first is the state, the second is civil society organizations in partnership with the state, and the third is the São Francisco Sub-basin Regional Advisory Chamber, as part of the work of the São Francisco River Basin Committee. This leads to overlapping skills and, at the same time, hindered administration for popular understanding and participation. The thesis proposes a conceptual framework for the construction of a sustainable management model that involves changing the view of the territory, consolidating relations and institutional laws, deepening decentralization and autonomy in committee decisions, watersheds and fostering a culture of anticipating problems and crises.
Brazil is one of the most served countries in terms of water resources, with 12% of the world's total. However, its management process is still immature compared to European, Asian and North American countries. The problems of access, use and management of water present different contexts and problems within the country. The Northeast region accounts for one third of the population and has about 3, 3% of water resources. In this region is the semiarid region, which historically suffers the social and economic impacts of periodic droughts. In this context, this thesis proposes a reflection to direct to a sustainable management model of the Brazilian semiarid. Its objective is to contribute to water governance applicable to stakeholders and to respect the social, economic and cultural characteristics of the region. At first glance, we have conceptual and methodological choices to understand the effects of a century of water management history on the region under study. Thus, there are territorial representations, water governance and the vision of the state that were chosen as the theoretical framework. The methodology is part of the multivariate interpretative paradigm, which, through qualitative analysis, allowed us to measure the weight of variables and indicators. The case study was chosen as a verification strategy. In addition, documentary content and discourse analysis was collected through interviews with members of the São Francisco River Basin Committee in their submediate excerpt. The result was the identification and analysis of representations of the semiarid territory over the centuries in which it was called sertão. Thus, the semiarid has been represented as a frontier of colonization and empty spaces, as a problem region, as a representation of the past and the spaces of memories and, finally, of sustainability through coexistence with the semiarid. These representations strongly influenced the view of the state and organized civil society in the territory, regarding water management policies and actions. Water management in the study area, from a multi-scale perspective, has three levels. The first is the state, the second is civil society organizations in partnership with the state, and the third is the São Francisco Sub-basin Regional Advisory Chamber, as part of the work of the São Francisco River Basin Committee. This leads to overlapping skills and, at the same time, hindered administration for popular understanding and participation. The thesis proposes a conceptual framework for the construction of a sustainable management model that involves changing the view of the territory, consolidating relations and institutional laws, deepening decentralization and autonomy in committee decisions, watersheds and fostering a culture of anticipating problems and crises.
O Brasil éum dos países mais servidos em termos de recursos hídricos, com 12% do total mundial. No entanto, seuprocesso de gestãoainda é imaturo em comparaçãocom países europeus, asiáticos e norte-americanos. Os problemas de acesso, uso e gestão da águaapresentam diferentes contextos e problemas dentro do país. A região Nordeste responde por umterço da população e possui cerca de 3, 3% dos recursos hídricos. Nessaregião, fica o semiárido, que sofrehistoricamente os impactos sociais e econômicos das secas periódicas. Nesse contexto, essa tese propõeumareflexão para direcionar a um modelo de gestãosustentável do semiárido brasileiro. Seu objetivo é contribuir para a governança da águaaplicávelàs partes interessadas e respeitar as características sociais, econômicas e culturais da região. À primeira vista, optamos por escolhasconceituais e metodológicas para entender os efeitos de umséculo de história da gestão da águanaregião em estudo. Assim, temse as representaçõesterritoriais, a governança da água e a visão do Estado que foramescolhidas como quadro teórico. A metodologia faz parte do paradigma interpretativo multivariado, que, por meio da análisequalitativa, permitiu medir o peso das variáveis e indicadores. O estudo de caso foiescolhido como estratégia de verificação. Alémdisso, foifeita a análise do conteúdo documental e dos discursos coletado por meio de entrevistas commembros do Comitê da da Bacia do Rio São Francisco em seu trecho do submédio. O resultado foi a identificação e análise de representações do território semiárido ao longo dos séculos em que foi chamado sertão. Assim, o semiárido tem sido representado como umafronteira da colonização e espaçosvazios, como umaregião problema, como umarepresentação do passado e dos espaços da memória e, finalmente, da sustentabilidadeatravés da convivênciacom o semiárido. Essarepresentaçõesinfluenciaramfortemente a visão do estado e da sociedade civil organizada no território, quantoàs políticas e ações de gestão hídrica. O gerenciamento da águana área de estudo, em uma perspectiva de múltiplas escalas, possuitrêsníveis. O primeiro é o estado, o segundo são as organizações da sociedade civil em parceriacom o estado e o terceiro é a Câmara Consultiva Regional da Sub-bacia do São Francisco, como parte do trabalho do Comitê da Bacia do Rio São Francisco. Isso leva à sobreposição de habilidades e, ao mesmo tempo, dificultou a administração para a compreensão e participação popular. A tese propõeumarcabouçoconceitual para a construção de um modelo de gestãosustentável que envolvamudançanavisão do território, consolidação de relações e leisinstitucionais, aprofundamento da descentralização e autonomianasdecisões dos comitês. bacias hidrográficas e fomentando a cultura de antecipar problemas e crises.
O Brasil éum dos países mais servidos em termos de recursos hídricos, com 12% do total mundial. No entanto, seuprocesso de gestãoainda é imaturo em comparaçãocom países europeus, asiáticos e norte-americanos. Os problemas de acesso, uso e gestão da águaapresentam diferentes contextos e problemas dentro do país. A região Nordeste responde por umterço da população e possui cerca de 3, 3% dos recursos hídricos. Nessaregião, fica o semiárido, que sofrehistoricamente os impactos sociais e econômicos das secas periódicas. Nesse contexto, essa tese propõeumareflexão para direcionar a um modelo de gestãosustentável do semiárido brasileiro. Seu objetivo é contribuir para a governança da águaaplicávelàs partes interessadas e respeitar as características sociais, econômicas e culturais da região. À primeira vista, optamos por escolhasconceituais e metodológicas para entender os efeitos de umséculo de história da gestão da águanaregião em estudo. Assim, temse as representaçõesterritoriais, a governança da água e a visão do Estado que foramescolhidas como quadro teórico. A metodologia faz parte do paradigma interpretativo multivariado, que, por meio da análisequalitativa, permitiu medir o peso das variáveis e indicadores. O estudo de caso foiescolhido como estratégia de verificação. Alémdisso, foifeita a análise do conteúdo documental e dos discursos coletado por meio de entrevistas commembros do Comitê da da Bacia do Rio São Francisco em seu trecho do submédio. O resultado foi a identificação e análise de representações do território semiárido ao longo dos séculos em que foi chamado sertão. Assim, o semiárido tem sido representado como umafronteira da colonização e espaçosvazios, como umaregião problema, como umarepresentação do passado e dos espaços da memória e, finalmente, da sustentabilidadeatravés da convivênciacom o semiárido. Essarepresentaçõesinfluenciaramfortemente a visão do estado e da sociedade civil organizada no território, quantoàs políticas e ações de gestão hídrica. O gerenciamento da águana área de estudo, em uma perspectiva de múltiplas escalas, possuitrêsníveis. O primeiro é o estado, o segundo são as organizações da sociedade civil em parceriacom o estado e o terceiro é a Câmara Consultiva Regional da Sub-bacia do São Francisco, como parte do trabalho do Comitê da Bacia do Rio São Francisco. Isso leva à sobreposição de habilidades e, ao mesmo tempo, dificultou a administração para a compreensão e participação popular. A tese propõeumarcabouçoconceitual para a construção de um modelo de gestãosustentável que envolvamudançanavisão do território, consolidação de relações e leisinstitucionais, aprofundamento da descentralização e autonomianasdecisões dos comitês. bacias hidrográficas e fomentando a cultura de antecipar problemas e crises.
Nunes, Rodrigues Juliana. "La coopération intercommunale : regards croisés entre la France et le Brésil". Lyon 3, 2010. http://theses.univ-lyon3.fr/documents/lyon3/2010/nunes_rodrigues_j.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on practices of inter-municipal cooperation taking place in France and in Brazil. The intention is to reflect about the increase of the local scale’s strength in societies with distinct conceptions about the role of the State and about its mechanisms of social control. In specific, the aim is to underscore the processes of formation and diffusion of inter-municipal cooperative structures occurring in Brazil and in France by considering their dissimilar institutional arrangements. Hence, theories and empirical data have been assembled and analysed as to suit the needs of a comparative framework. The hypothesis guiding the analysis is that cooperative structures do not have a random spatial distribution. The objective is thus to identify and analyse which conditions favour or not their manifestation. The study was undertaken at three different scales of analysis: at the national scale, the intention was to identify which patterns of dispersion and concentration appear; at the regional scales, to find out which medium-term socio-economic changes are capable of stimulating cooperative practices; and finally, at the local scales, through field surveys based on a set of common issues, to identify the differences and similarities motivations or constraining practices of inter-municipal cooperation being developed in both countries
Lyra, Maria de Lourdes Viana. "Centralisation, système fiscal et autonomie provinciale dans l'Empire brésilien : la province de Pernambouco : 1808-1835". Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100072.
Texto completoMoruzzi-Marques, Paulo Eduardo. "Agriculture familiale et participation au Brésil : les conseils municipaux de développement rural du PRONAF (acteurs, intérêts et pouvoir)". Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030039.
Texto completoIn the crafting of Brazilian agricultural policy today, the idea of prioritizing family-run farming is broadening the debates on the subject of rural development, debates which bring different world views to confrontation. Enhancing the image of family-run farming is a major issue to be considered when examining modern Brazilian agricultural policies, which tend traditionally toward large operations, and which have marginalized through time the family-run farms, leading to a noticeable deterioration of agricultural ecosystems. In this regard, the fact that many developed countries have granted an important role to family-run farms can be taken as an example. This work analyzes the implementation of PRONAF, the Brazilian National Family-Run Agriculture Program created in 1995, and focuses notably on the participative aspect of the program. .
Barraillé, Marie-Claude. "Le syndic de la ville de Toulouse sous l'Ancien régime, 1655-1789". Toulouse 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU10035.
Texto completoIn the olden Monarchy System the syndic of Toulouse city was an important person of the concil. He was chosen by the capitouls and stayed under their power in spite of the creation of the "procureur-syndic" post 1690. His living conditions were not in relation with the services he gave. He defended the interests of the city. He delivered requisitions during the assemblies of the "bourgeois concil" and during trials. This powers were sometimes in conflicts with whose of the royal juridictions. This leading concil officier engaged the responsability of the city and stood for it by the provincial and royal institutions
Hocq, Benoît. "La naissance du département du Nord : (1789-1793)". Lille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL20015.
Texto completoThe reform of Decembre 22, 1789 initialised, among other things, the departments of France and ensured that the domain of the administration would be rational and uniting, these departments being managed by a multipurpose administration. In this way it changed altogether the centuries-old territorial administration experienced the first changes, which still take place today. Giving a start to the Nord department illustr02731605Xates the revolutionary bet laid out in attempting to administer togethe02746783Xr home territories and foreign lands with different regimes and to keep up with the French cultural policy started two centuries before. .
Hashmi, Mohamed-Hadi. "L' évolution de l'administration locale en Libye sous les régimes politiques successifs". Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010276.
Texto completoColin, Déborah. "Histoire de la municipalité d'Evry : étude de la vie politique et des mutations du pouvoir municipal de Charles Bonaventure Delage à Manuel Valls (1787-2008)". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLE015/document.
Texto completoEvry used to be a small village of approximately 600 citizens at the beginning of the French Revolution before it became the « Prefecture » of the Essonne department in the 20th century with finally about 52 000 inhabitants in 2006. The object of this thesis is to understand the changes of Evry’s town council related to its progressive transformations of scale and status. Several periods emerge, reflecting the changes of France from the 19th to the 20th century. After the implementation of the municipality and Alexandre Aguado’s action as « mayor-sponsor » from 1831 untill 1841, the municipal government developed with two great families : the Decauvilles, then the Pastrés. In 1947, the Gaullist Michel Boscher is elected mayor. Under his mandate, profound upheavals left their marks on the city and the municipality. In 1965, the creation of the new town was decided and Michel Boscher became an influential politician. Being a controversial politician, he was beaten by Claude Jeanlin in the 1977 local elections. After a few years, Claude Jeanlin was replaced by two other politicians of particular importance for France : Jacques Guyard and Manuel Valls
Bianconi, Odile. "L'institution préfectorale italienne de 1861 à 1914". Paris 12, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA122005.
Texto completoFettah, Samuel. "Les limites de la cité : espace, pouvoir et société à Livourne au temps du port franc (XVIIe- XIXe siècle)". Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10074.
Texto completoDurand, Raymond-Bernard Marie Jacques Christian. "Les syndics généraux de la province du Languedoc et la justice du Conseil d'État, XVIIème-XVIIIème siècles". Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON10054.
Texto completoLafi, Nora. "Tripoli de Barbarie (1795-1911) : genèse et pérennité de l'institution municipale". Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10103.
Texto completoDaoussi, Christina. "La tradition hellénique d'auto-administration locale et son institutionnalisation dans l'État néo-hellénique à partir du dix-neuvième siècle". Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010266.
Texto completoFrom a legal point of view, the undertaken research is about the setting up and development of local self-administration in the neo-hellenic world from the beginning of the nineteenth century till the middle of the twentieth century. At the same time, we treat the question of the origins of the institution of law and of self-government in the history of the greek world. To this end, we go back in time. This diachronic point of view allows us to study the greek world : the ottoman period, byzantium, the roman republic, the hellenistic age, the classical antiquity, the Homeric world, the apparition of the first peoples speaking greek. Additionally, a study of etymology and of the historical evolution of an important number of legal terms of ancient and modern greek allows us to follow clearly the historical continuity of the greek legal vocabulary from the antiquity until modern time
Nardi, Jean-Baptiste. "Le tabac brésilien et ses fonctions dans l'ancien système colonial portugais (1570-1830)". Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX10003.
Texto completoWolf, Leila. "Formes locales d'organisation et d'institutionnalisation de la société civile : le cas du MAB (Fédération municipale des comités de quartiers de Nova Iguaçu- Rio de Janeiro - Brésil)". Paris, EHESS, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987EHES0047.
Texto completoThe political history of nova iguacu as parallel to the political history of brazil (1930-1975) : formation, development and role of neighbourhood committees, political organizations and institutions. The fonction of associations in municipal and national politics. The analysis of political behaviour in mab (neighbourhood committees in the municipality of nova iguacu) - founded in 1975. The analysis of democratic pratices developed in mab. The analysis of relationship between political leaders and other political officials. The analysis of the political conceptions of participants
Bistagne, Valérie. "Le gouvernement local en Grande-Bretagne de 1835 à la réforme de 1972". Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX32032.
Texto completoRoticci, Roland. "Communautes du nord comtat rhodanien : histoire sociale de la fin de l'ancien regime au debut du second empire". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010581.
Texto completoThat travelling, older than hundred years, in the hearth of the nord comtat rhodanien, drives us to these understand. The three landcapes: cultural, cultual and "culturel", to research the heaviness of places comparativly to the heaviness of occupants. To find the reciprocal influence between them. The study of agrarian constructions allowed to evaluate the production, and undern the work of each one. Alike, the distribution of fortune, the confrontation passive ou active, with the top during the revolution, of weathies or excluded of about landed property. Nothing very exiting, but some particularities for each village. The study of populations drives to the understanding of demographic comportments and drives too the understanding of mentalities. . . . . The study of the daily life drives to the social laying where appertaining to a village or a parish church weaves ties like family or work. All these studies, with their own knowledge, lets, all together, to understand the life of that "nord-comtadine" society
Andro, Gaïd. "Une génération au service de l'Etat : histoire institutionnelle et étude prosopographique des procureurs généraux syndics de la Révolution française (1780-1830)". Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUEL015.
Texto completoAbbas, Ahmed. "La loi municipale du 5 avril 1884 et l'Algérie". Lille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL20006.
Texto completoLauvernier, Julie. "Classer et inventorier au XIXe siècle : administration des fonds et écriture de l'histoire locale dijonnaise par l'archiviste Joseph-François Garnier 1815-1903". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808073.
Texto completoStourm, Michel. "Essai sur la relève des pouvoirs en Alsace : les cadets d'Alsace". Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR30006.
Texto completoAlsace has been a border for a too long time, the river rhin too. As europe is realizing, Alsace has to assert its identity. And its likeness, get out of its folklorical suit, clear up its internal functioning, built a renowal of thoughts and men and become an european region. Alsace, without internal and external borders, may be the french "arrow" towards europe in the opposite situation, if Alsace chooses to perpetuate its divisions, its protectionism, its corporatism and its feudalities, it will not find any place in the development of european regions. Sixty-ten personbalities, coming from politics, economics and culture haw been asked about alsacian targets. The diagnosis is clear : the occasion has to be hold now or it will be too late. The question is asked : Alsace owns all the means to succeed in its ambition. But is there willpower too? A sketch of an "alsacian regional plan" is suggested
Amblard, Fabrice. "Contrôles et contentieux administratifs des collectivités territoriales. Exemples en territoires aquitains depuis 1926". Thesis, Orléans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ORLE0003/document.
Texto completoControl is not a unitary legal concept, and those interesting French local governments articulate. Theintroduction of decentralization in the aftermath of the French Revolution, until the recent law of 16 December2010, the evolution of these controls is intrinsically linked to the state of local democracy and justiceadministrative. Process is crucial to ensuring a unitary state and guarantor of legality, the controls exercised bythe state fluctuated between supervisory objectives and audit objective, and thus pose the question of theircompatibility with the respect for freedom of Directors these communities by elected councils. Simultaneously,the control of citizens on these communities are weakened by heterogeneous local citizenship and localdemocracy finally captured by a complex caste politics to the point that the effectiveness of these controls raisesquestions citizens. Finally, respect for individual rights against the powers of local government powers requiresthe intervention of an independent judge, both against individuals and contractors a local authority in respect ofother citizens. Created by the law of 28 Pluviose year VIII, establishing the Conseil d’Etat, and the Conseils deprefecture, administrative law cases is at the heart of these control processes. Through the establishment of inter-Tips Conseils de prefecture in 1926, the Administrative Tribunals in 1953 and finally Administrative Courts ofAppeal in 1987, the administrative judge was, and remains, the referee controls the powerful multidirectionalinteresting local authorities
Friedmann, Daniel. "A bem da República : justiça e administração no advento de uma vila colonial (Atibaia 1759-1799)". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0080.
Texto completoThe object of this research is the elevating of the parish of Atibaia to the category of town, including the process of dismemberment of the city of São Paulo, between 1759 and 1770, and its development until 1799. Through the analysis of the actions developed by the Chamber of Councilors, with special emphasis on the local administration of justice, the research seeks to highlight the way in which the various social segments are inserted in this new institutional space, the efficacy of the instruments reserved to them and the relations established with other spheres of power. The actions of the Chamber, revealed mainly in civil proceedings and records of councilors' meetings, also serve to unravel some of the most important purposes of this body, especially in promoting the circulation of people and goods. The results obtained in the study provide subsidies for the examination of the social, political and economic justifications for the elevation of the Atibaia parish and, more broadly, to the understanding of the reasons that led to the creation of several villages after the reestablishment of the Sao Paulo’s Captaincy, in 1765
Fernandes, Barros Jose. "Reflexos das políticas de proteção dos espaços amazônicos sobre os sistemas de produção e trabalho das populações moradoras em áreas protegidas". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2050/document.
Texto completoThe study carried out a comparative analysis of territorial management policies implemented in Brazil (State of Amazonas) and France (Rhône-Alpes Region) through the creation and management of protected areas. The objective of the research was to identify and to understand the effects of the territorial management policies on the forms of work and production systems of populations living in legally protected areas in Brazil and in France
Mathieu, Martial. "Des libertés delphinales aux droits de l'homme (1349-1789) : essai sur la condition juridique des gouvernés". Grenoble 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE2A001.
Texto completoBouet, Jean-Baptiste. "L'administration décentralisée du territoire : choix et perspectives ouverts sous la Cinquième République". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00331419.
Texto completoBolduc, Marie. "Analyse et définition d'une institution des cités grecques hellénistiques : la sympolitie par incorporation ou l'union de deux communautés civiques autonomes (IVe au Ier siècle a.C.)". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30033.
Texto completoUntil now, problems specific to the sympoliteia have restrained its study. First, epigraphists proposed many specialized studies of the phenomenon, without ever offering a complete assessment of this institution and its implications for the Hellenistic poleis, failing to globally consider sources suggesting the fusion of two cities. Moreover, the polysemy of sumpoliteu/w and sumpolitei/a introduced a confusion related to the political reality described in the sources, mainly because those terms characterize federal states (koina) as well as a union between two cities. Finally, similarities between the sympoliteia, the synoikismos and the isopoliteia added to this confusion and the identification of the means adopted by the cities to establish interstate relationships. As a distinct institution of the synoikismos and the isopoliteia, similar in its fundamentals to those on which the koina were edified, the sympoliteia was a political fusion of two autonomous civic communities. It took form trough the granting of citizenship to the incorporated community and trough the active participation of those citizens to the institutions of the other partner. It generated a city with two poles set in a chôra combining the territories of the implicated poleis. The sovereign entity included a main urban center, the one of the city which imposed its citizenship and civic model, and a secondary establishment politically integrating its neighbour, but whose local life survived through some institutions of the former city. The sympoliteia consolidated the situation of the cities in the difficult context of the hellenistic period, shaken by the perpetual rivalries between cities, federal states and kingdoms. The control of territories, the defence of material or territorial possessions, the assertion of independence and the access to resources were all motivations for creating partnerships. As the centerpiece of the union, the merging poleis are restructuring their defence and coordinating their economic activities. The sympoliteia brought solutions to the cities’ difficulties with pacific and realistic initiatives, creating stronger communities defended by a greater number of citizens-soldiers, more efficient defensive structures, as well as extended exploitable areas and resources for both partners
Maertens, Suzanne. ""La Mer, cet ennemi de plusieurs siècles" : Identifier et comprendre les trajectoires de vulnérabilité des sociétés littorales bas-normandes (1650-1940)". Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN1026.
Texto completoThis doctoral research aim to present societal, economic, philosophical and political foundations contributing, in addition to climatic and environmental factors, to understate or increase the vulnerability of coastal societies. Contextualization of defense policies against the sea and the study of their long-term impacts hold a special place. The first chapter presents the sources and the stakeholders (farmers, fishermen, nobles, military, administrative authority, drying company and real estate developers) involved in the development of low-Normandy coast and coastal marshes. The second chapter discusses the methodology used to reconstruct the chronology of damages due to winds and sea. Indeed this research is based on the development of an index of vulnerability. It had allowed to identify four sectors with a very different evolution: the eastern coast of the Cotentin, the west coast of the Cotentin and the Bay of Mont Saint-Michel, the coasts of Calvados. During the little Ice Age, the west coast of the Cotentin and Calvados coasts are weakly concerned by the risk of submersion. The coastal areas are more affected by intense phenomenon of accretion that neverless harm coastal communities. In the second half of the nineteenth century, the development of sea bathing, however, upsets the land use patterns and increase sharply the vulnerability of those two parts of Normandy coast. During the French Revolution, the Bay of Mont Saint-Michel through dramatic decades wich reveal how inequalities, periods of unrest and representations influence the effectiveness of risk governance. The Cotentin east coast, the third study area, gets stuck permanently in politics "at all containment". Its vulnerability continues to grow throughout the study period despite the development of numerous technical and regulatory measures
Ségala, Solange. "L'activité des autorités administratives départementales des Bouches-du-Rhône de 1790 à 1792". Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX32004.
Texto completoThe Constituante confide the regulation of fiscal, electoral, public works and national poerty affairs in litigation to departmental administrations; this study of archives shows an administration protecting the rights of private persons, using largely his powers, even if in reality she distinguishes hardly the contentious and administrative activities. As for this latter, the department tries to rule the conflicts by conciliation : efficient for small municipal troubles, this "paternal administration" is revealed inadequate during the serious revolutionary agitation who attains the South. Paralyzed by his collegiality, losing an obedient police, depending on public opinion by his elective character, the administration is disavowes a first time by executive power who annuls, by a proclamation of Conseil d'Etat, somes of resolutions in 1791. Suspended by the legislative, members of the directoire are convoked to Paris in march 1792 in order to explain their inaction. But mean time the patriote will transfered by strength the administration from Aix to Marseille, putting her under the control of jacobin club
Trifu, Ioan. "Prefectural Governors in Post-War Japan : A Socio-Historical Approach". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20009.
Texto completoThe Japanese governor (chiji) is the executive head of the prefecture, the largest administrative division in Japan. Conceived during the Meiji as one of the main tools of the central control on local Japan, this position was been radically modified after the introduction of direct election by the Allied Occupation authority in the post-war period. At the connection between the national and local level, and legitimized by public election, the governor is endowed with substantial powers in the Japanese local government system. These conditions have strengthened the capacity of local leadership of the governor provided with a strong authority over the prefecture. Numerous characteristics of the position, the success of bureaucrats and the particular relation with political parties notably, are however path-dependent elements, gradually reshaped by the frictions produced by the reforms of the Occupation period. Based on both quantitative and qualitative research works, this study analyses the transformation of the post-war governorship from a bureaucratic position to a political office, its evolution and its consequences on Japanese politics at both local and national level
Sferlea, Elena. "L'évolution de l'administration locale : les cas de la Roumanie et de la France depuis le début des années 1990". Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST2007.
Texto completoThis research focuses on the evolution of the local government in Romania and France since thebeginning of the 1990s. The study of different initial conditions in both countries has been followedby the analysis of the major developmental stages of the legal framework concerning localauthorities : the relatively recent accession to (for Romania) or reinforcement of (in France) theconstitutional status of the communities and the evolution of the law corpus operating the transferof competencies and resources for local communities. This analysis revealed a conception ofreforms that has many similarities, but also some different implementation. An evaluation of thelevel of decentralization achieved in the two countries has been undertaken in the light of thecriteria of the European Charter of Local Self-Government. It identified the progress made by eachcountry, but also the opportunities for improvement. In the end, it was found that beyond an initialcontext and particularities of the administrative map, beyond the different application of reforms,Romania and France show today a very similar degree of decentralization, broadly consistent withthe requirements of the Charter
Coquard, Claude y Claudine Durand-Coquard. "Société rurale et Révolution : l'apport des actes de deux justices de paix de l'Allier (1791- fin de l'an VI)". Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOL006.
Texto completoThe author lead her research with Mr Claude Coquard. Her study relates to the contribution of the justice of the peace acts to the history of people in a peculiar rural world. The corpus is initially described in details and classed according to the conciliation magistrate fonctions. Civil justice acts stand for 78% of the corpus. Peace office acts represent 6%; free justice acts 12% and the count of summary juridiction acts 4%. Reasons for requests are in each case precised. If the acts are numerous at the beginning of the period, the number is falling down during the radical convention and explodes in 1797. Different angles are used to describe the individuals, a lot of accurate details can be found about death and life: births, surgeon cares, suspicious deaths, orphans faith. Because of many homonyms, the accurate identification of the persons was very difficult. Women's role is put into value : the importance of the costum which makes married women infants, new laws are hardly used eventhough present : a litigant out of eight is a woman. Family is very present, mostly united but also at times teared up by inheritance conflicts. Endogamy is frequent. Near in blood communities and work communities have got difficulties to survive. Manners of life are sketched ; food is often bought on credit, mainly made of bread and wine. Clothes - made out of hemp and wool - are threadbare and made on the premises. The habitat is miserable or wealthy. The author presents a local weights and mesures board as well, with the possibility of looseness. Many further portraits complete the study : a conciliation magistrate, a landowner, a middle- class family, a day labourer, a tradeswoman, a shopkeeper. The entire work constitute a rich source not well exploited untill now
Lefort, Nicolas. "Patrimoine régional, administration nationale : la conservation des monuments historiques en Alsace de 1914 à 1964". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01037903.
Texto completoGuéna, Pauline. "Entre Venise et l’Empire ottoman : administrer le contact en Méditerranée (1453-1517)". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL087.
Texto completoFrom the capture of Constantinople in 1453 to the Ottoman conquest of Mamluk territories in 1517, the geopolitical order of the Eastern Mediterranean was quickly reconfigurated. Facing the accelerated Ottoman expansion in the South Balkans, Venice consolidated its power on the Stato da Mar and slightly extended its maritimes territories. As a result, large borders and contact zones were created between these two unequal powers who nonetheless shared economic interests as well as a political concerns for governing provinces often in neighbouring positions. Studying the contacts between these two powers in the years of transition is not a monolithic attempt to examine the relations between two homogeneous political bodies, but rather to understand how exchanges and circulations worked between territories where Imperial authority was unequally effective on the ground.This research navigates between the capital-cities and the provinces. The various forms of border diplomacy spread from Dalmatia to the East of the Aegean were enabled by the relative autonomy of local authorities and societies, while institutions were also adapting to the growing presence of Ottoman merchants. Behind the promises of the peace treaties emerges therefore a political and social history of contacts governed simultaneously at several levels, which fostered a long-lasting system of co-administration. This leads us to examine to what point Imperial connexions had an impact on the very societies they connected
Canepari, Eleonora. "La construction du pouvoir local : élites municipales, relations sociales et transactions économiques dans la Rome moderne (1550-1650)". Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675360.
Texto completoWernert, Carole. "L'historicité de la transition énergétique bas carbone : analyse comparée des politiques énergie-climat locales en France (Metz) et en Allemagne (Sarrebruck)". Thesis, Le Mans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LEMA3016.
Texto completoThis thesis questions the capacity of cities to seize the energy issue through history, then through a low carbon perspective. It is based on assumptions that the introduction of energy as a local resource, is to become a reason for low carbon transition in cities. The historicity of this transition indicates that its lineaments are sometimes identifiable before the advent of its imperatives. Through a territorial history of energy, the thesis contributes to decoding keys of interest of cities to the low carbon transition as well as "its atomic elements" at the local scale.The city of Metz has a Local Distribution Company (ELD), rare in France, created under German annexation in 1901: Usine d'Electricité de Metz (UEM). The company produces and distributes electricity and heat. It belongs to the city (85%) and consolidates public finances while developing local and / or renewable resources.Saarbrücken, the capital of a German coal and industrial land, seems reluctant to the low carbon transition. However, in the years 1980-1990, the city and its "Stadtwerk" (German ELD) challenged nuclear power-plants and played the role of laboratory for renewables. The energy transition in Saarbrücken also shows ruptures, coal path dependencies, and illustrates the non-linearity of the process. Depending on the historical characteristics of cities and the exogenous pressures on urban supply, low-carbon energy transitions interest local actors to different extents and take various forms and rhythms
Fersing, Antoine. "Idoines et suffisant : les officiers d'Etat et l'extension des droits du Prince en Lorraine ducale (début du XVIe siècle - 1633)". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAG009.
Texto completoBetween the first years of the 16th century and the beginning of the Thirty Years War in Lorraine, in 1633, the shape of State power is deeply transformed in the duchies of Lorraine and Bar: a written law and judicial proceedings are defined, a system of permanent taxation is established and a standing army is raised. All these evolutions implies a higher number of State officers, for whom careers in the service of the prince can be known using the letters establishing them in office as well as the account books recording the payment of their wages. For those men, the service of the prince can be a mean to get rich and to improve their social position, which is the reason why they try to extend the rights of their master, hoping that he will reward them with favours (such as bounties, pensions, letters of ennoblement, conversions of land in fiefs, etc.). As the number and the technicality of the cases involving the State raise, the prince gives to those men an increasing autonomy, which leads to a drastic change in the operating processes of the ducal State
Polge, Etienne. "Développement et gouvernance des territoires ruraux : une analyse des dynamiques d’interactions dans deux dispositifs institutionnels en Amazonie brésilienne". Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGPT0051/document.
Texto completoThis thesis proposes a renewed analytic framework of the governance of rural territories, implemented within institutional arrangements. In a globalized world, where focus on growth processes leads to fast and frequently poorly controlled mutations, territorial development plays a fundamental role. Mobilizing actors and developing local resources supports the differentiation of territories and contributes to the sustainability of actions. Public policies can support this approach by proposing institutional arrangements such as the “Territorial Development Collegiate Body” set up by the Brazilian government's “Territories of citizenship” program. Nevertheless, the low demographic density of many rural territories, the existence of societal projects strongly differentiated and the limited competences on governance constitute many other obstacles. This work aims to enrich the reflection, starting from investigations carried out in two contrasted territories in the State of Pará, located in Brazilian Amazon : Baixo Amazonas and Nordeste Paraense. Surveys on territorial dynamics and interaction dynamics were carried out with actors participating within collegiate bodies and with those at the level of “Local Productive Arrangements”. Zoning based on stakeholders' mental representations highlighted the determining influence of entrepreneurial dynamics, normative frameworks, urbanization and infrastructures on the evolution of the territories. It seems that initiatives of local actors and public institutions are insufficiently coordinated to support rural development. Social networks and proximity analysis carried out starting from ethnographic and sociometric interviews show that institutional arrangements facilitate collaborations between actors who are geographically distant or initially not very inclined to communicate, while limiting closure on logics of similarity or local logics. This reveals that a constant assistance must be brought particularly to the members of the arrangements who are embedded in networks at various levels so that they adopt a posture of mediators of the territorial governance and acquire the necessary know-how
Moraes, Rodrigues Ariston. "O romantismo revisitado : Machado de Assis, primeiros romances". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA053.
Texto completoThis work analyzes the first four novels of the Brazilian writer Machado de Assis (1839-1908) – Ressurreição (1872), A mão e a luva (1874), Helena (1876), and Iaiá Garcia (1978) – aiming to understand the link between these books and the Brazilian romantic movement. Although the novels were written at a time when Romanticism in Brazil was coming to an end, they were classified by critics of the early 20th century as romantic works because they contained recurrent narrative elements based on that movement which began in Brazil in 1836. Nevertheless, although such elements can be observed in the early work of Machado de Assis, they do not meet the technical procedure of the overall romanticist literary movement. It is thus necessary to discuss the extent to which these elements are deployed in the writer's initial novels. In order to do that, this work analyzes the process of creation of the Brazilian romantic movement, which is directly associated with the Empire of Brazil (1822-1889). This is important to understand the role of the local color, and more specifically of the Brazilian landscape, in the aesthetic basis of the Brazilian romanticism. From the outline of this basic structure of Brazilian romanticism, the analysis of the early novels of Machado de Assis shows that the author critically reviewed the romantic tradition to develop an original, creative, independent and universal literature
Este trabalho analisa os quatro primeiros romances do escritor brasileiro Machado de Assis (1839-1908) – Ressurreição (1872), A mão e a luva (1874), Helena (1876) e Iaiá Garcia (1978) – com a intenção de compreender a relação destes livros com o movimento romântico brasileiro. Apesar de terem sido escritos na época em que o romantismo no Brasil chegava ao seu fim, esses livros foram classificados pela crítica do início do século XX como obras românticas dada a recorrência de elementos narrativos aparentados a este movimento que, no Brasil, teve início em 1836. No entanto, ainda que se possa observar a presença de tais elementos nas obras de juventude de Machado de Assis, eles não obedecem ao proceder técnico desse movimento literário. Então, cumpre-se discutir em que medida e de que maneira esses elementos estão presentes nos romances iniciais do escritor. Para tanto, a discussão sobre o processo de criação do movimento romântico brasileiro, diretamente associado à afirmação da identidade nacional e do Império brasileiro (1822-1889), consiste numa questão relevante a fim de se compreender a importância da cor local, e mais especificamente da paisagem brasileira, no cerne estético do romantismo nacional. A partir do delineamento desse elemento estrutural do romantismo no Brasil, a análise dos primeiros romances de Machado de Assis permite constatar de fato o seu intuito de revisitar de forma crítica a tradição romântica no intento de desenvolver uma literatura original, criativa, independente e universal
Vixamar, Joram. "L’Etat central et les collectivités décentralisées d’Haïti : étude des relations dans le processus de décentralisation". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20023.
Texto completoHow did the Haitian State go from the status of Centralized state to that of unitary and decentralized one ? The purpose of this paper is to understand, from the point of view of laws and history, the behavior of the central government in relation to the local one by highlighting their institutional relations. To do this, we studied a sample of 5 municipal communities. The legal base of the local authorities of Haiti was defined by the Constitution of 1816 with the creation of the communes as administrative districts of the State to replace the old parishes inherited from the French colonial structures of the nineteenth century. From 1816 to the present days, history of Haiti shows periods of progress, of silence and even of decline in the construction of local communities, according to whether the priorities of the political regimes were centralizing or decentralizing. Although the 1843 Constitution attempted to establish local bodies, the vast majority of them followed suit. We had to wait until the 1987 Constitution to see the birth of three levels of decentralized communities with prerogatives and obligations to recognize he system of Haiti as a decentralized one. The state has become unitary and progressively decentralized. However, it was also necessary to put in question the reality of the functioning of the said communities because of their weaknesses, more specifically financial ones. The study of these decentralized administrations makes it possible to understand heir technical, administrative and financial competences in relation to the compensations of the State, which remain very inadequate and result in a weekly decentralized system
Garrote, Gabriel. "Le pouvoir et ses notables : les membres des conseils consultatifs (Rhône, 1800-1830)". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2128.
Texto completoThe thesis analyses the political and social system created after the Revolution and the men involved in this system, the notables. It also describes the social history of this system through the department and district councils during the first third of the 19th century in the Rhône. The study on these councils enables us to question the process of selection and creation of an institutional notability. This way, we can understand the relationship between the state and the notables. In fact, the use of the prosopography method shows that these councils are a centerpiece in the creation of an essential social type in the society of the 19th century. They are also a way to see how power tries to associate the notables to a centralized and hierarchic system, and to count on the empowerment of a group which becomes more than a social and political basis, but stands for a territory and its inhabitants. Describing the sociography of these councils thanks to prosopography allows us to understand the link between a social group and the one which is institutionalized by the state. By analyzing the relationship between State, the prefects and the councils, this study aims to understand the links between the purpose that power pursues and the role played by the councils, and how it ables the sustainability and the empowerment of this departemental institution
Grison, Jean-Baptiste. "La très petite commune en France : héritage sans avenir ou modèle original ?" Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658977.
Texto completoGrison, Jean-Baptiste. "La très petite commune en France : héritage sans avenir ou modèle original ?" Phd thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/docs/00/65/89/77/PDF/Grison.pdf.
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