Tesis sobre el tema "Activités de la vie quotidienne – Dans l'art"
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Mirhosseininiri, Mahsadat. "Esthétique de la vie quotidienne dans la peinture contemporaine d'Iran". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030021.
Texto completoIt is in the Qajar period and through artists like Reza Abbasi, Behzâd and Kamal ol molk that we can see the representation of the life of ordinary people in Iranian paintings. Kamal ol molk, by imitating the European realist movement began to represent the life of people in Iran. Some artists were concerned with representing their lived experiences of everyday life through a realism that was not considered avant-garde enough. We can rather see this tendency of the representation of the daily life of ordinary people in certain works of Iranian artists following the Islamic Revolution of 1979, and immediately after the Iran-Iraq war. Indeed, they represent the reality of contemporary Iran through the prism of details of everyday life and not through major events such as great stories of demonstrations or revolutions. Far from the impacts of the fashionable artistic movements in Iran, they simply tried to represent things as they were. Everyday objects, everyday places, personal stories and memories are among some of the concerns of these artists – whose works can be seen in this thesis. What is most important in these works are their subjects. Indeed, it is them and their daily life that is represented in these works. They represent themselves as an individual living in Iran. So they show us the lower layers of contemporary Iranian society which is still hidden in the Iranian and international government media
Cho, So-Hee. "Transparence de la vie quotidienne". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010531.
Texto completoGhouraf, Abdelkader. "Simulation des activités de la vie quotidienne dans un habitat intelligent par des réseaux de Petri". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4646.
Texto completoThivierge, Stéphanie. "Réadaptation cognitive des activités instrumentales de la vie quotidienne dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : Élaboration et évaluation d'une intervention". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30277/30277.pdf.
Texto completoFoloppe, Déborah. "Evaluation et entraînement des activités de la vie quotidienne dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : Intérêt de la réalité virtuelle". Thesis, Angers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANGE0091.
Texto completoAlzheimer’s disease makes difficult to carry out everyday activities. However, improvements in diagnosis have provided perspectives for functional rehabilitation. The urgency is hence to develop interventions likely to maintain patients’ autonomy. It requires a better understanding of the origin of activity limitation, strategies to optimize learning in the early stages of the disease, and tools adapted to the constraints of clinical practice. In this context, this work aimed to explore the interest of virtual reality in Neuropsychology of activities of dailyliving in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. Firstly (Study 1), we have examined the extent to which behaviors produced in virtual reality can reflect those produced in a real situation. The results showed the ecological validity of a simple virtual coffee task evaluated according to the omission-commission model. Then(Study 2), we have explored the interest to verbalize actions during a training in virtual, by comparing 2 errorless methods, with or without verbalization. The results supported the development of a system aiming to train 10 cooking tasks using an error less method, with self-generation and graduated cues. An iterative, user centered development (Study 3) resulted in a system ready for the training phase. A case study in mild Alzheimer (Study 4) has shown that training in virtual improved real functioning comparably to a training in real, with a skill maintenance at 6 months. Study 5 extended these results to a group, and also showed a generalization to similar tasks at the end of the intervention, but without maintenance. We hope that this work will be pursued with studies on interaction techniques, learning methods, and the transfer of functional improvements to participation
Quénec'hdu, Suzanne. "Valeur accordée à l'autonomie physique dans les activités de la vie quotidienne par les personnes âgées vivant en institution". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9339.
Texto completoBrunelle-Hamann, Laurence. "Réadaptation cognitive des activités instrumentales de la vie quotidienne dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : étude des symptômes comportementaux et psychologiques". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26348.
Texto completoIl n’existe à ce jour aucun traitement permettant de guérir les millions de personnes atteintes de la maladie d’Alzheimer (MA) à travers le monde. L’efficacité des traitements pharmacologiques proposés pour en traiter les symptômes étant très modeste, plusieurs interventions non pharmacologiques, dont les interventions ciblant la cognition, sont actuellement en développement. L’effet des interventions cognitives sur les symptômes comportementaux et psychologiques associés à la démence (SCPD) est cependant encore peu connu. Ce mémoire doctoral étudie l’impact d’une intervention de réadaptation cognitive sur douze SCPD. L’étude s’est déroulée sur une période de six mois auprès de quinze participants dans les stades léger à modéré de la MA. L’effet de cette intervention sur le fardeau et la détresse des proches est également observé. Le Chapitre I détaille l’état actuel des connaissances et situe cette étude dans son contexte scientifique. Le Chapitre II présente les résultats de l’étude randomisée contrôlée en chassé-croisé, principalement une augmentation significative des comportements moteurs aberrants chez les participants recevant l’intervention et une diminution significative des idées délirantes pour les deux groupes dans la seconde moitié de l’étude. Le Chapitre III étaye certaines hypothèses explicatives et propose des pistes de recherche futures. Enfin, un regard critique sur ce travail doctoral est posé.
Deschênes, Janie. "La poésie du quotidien comme réalisme magique en bande dessinée : suivi de Nora et Mathieu". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26871.
Texto completoGrenier, Marie-Claude. "Étude des processus cognitifs responsables du comportement dans les activités de la vie quotidienne chez les patients porteurs de lésions frontales". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3166/1/000667624.pdf.
Texto completoEl-Amrani, Laïla. "Réadaptation cognitive dans la maladie d’Alzheimer : effets sur les activités instrumentales de la vie quotidienne, la qualité de vie, l’estime de soi et la satisfaction de soi". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40078.
Texto completoRamzaoui, Hanane. "Recherche visuelle et activités instrumentales de la vie quotidienne : Influence des niveaux de traitement dans le vieillissement normal et la maladie d’Alzheimer". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2019AZUR2033.
Texto completoElderly people, in particular those with Alzheimer's disease (AD), show impaired visual search performance. As instrumental activities of daily living (IADL, e.g., cooking) involve searching for one or more objects in the environment, search deficits may impact quality of life. Research so far on normal aging and AD have often decontextualized visual scenes. Thus, we know very little about how search can be guided by bottom-up perceptual and top-down cognitive factors in more realistic scenes for these two populations. Through four experimental studies, this thesis aims to investigate the influence of top-down and bottom-up factors on search oculomotor behaviour in realistic scenes (e.g., a photograph of a kitchen) and real environments (experimental rooms) in normal aging and AD, and then, to investigate the influence of both top-down guidance and IADL complexity on visual exploration during IADL in patients at the mild stage of AD. Our results indicate that reliance on a target’s perceptual salience is more pronounced with advanced age and AD pathology. Healthy older adults rely comparably as young adults on scene semantic consistency to guide their searches in realistic scenes, and even more on contextual knowledge when searching for objects in a real environment. In AD, the influence of context on search guidance is reduced in realistic scenes. Interestingly, a precise target template (provided by a pictorial cue) normalises the performance of AD patients during search within a real environment. In realistic scenes, AD patients also showed benefits from a precise target template to guide their search, but the facilitation of distractor disengagement is reduced. Unexpectedly, the benefit from a precise target template is more pronounced in young adults than in older healthy adults. This could be explained by a reduction in the resolution of visual information maintained in working memory as people age. Regarding IADL completion in AD, guidance by task goals is only reduced for IADL that require a high level of top-down executive processing. Overall, our results suggest that top-down and bottom-up guidance can be considered as efficient environmental supports and that analysis of eye movement during IADL can be of great interest for the detection of functional impairment in AD
Sorita, Eric. "Impact fonctionnel des troubles cognitifs dans les activités de la vie quotidienne chez les personnes cérébrolésées adultes : apports de la réalité virtuelle". Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22128/document.
Texto completoVirtual Reality (VR) seems to open promising ways to research, particularly regarding the impact of cognitive deseases among people with acquired brain injury (ABI) immersed in simulated daily life situations. The use of VR raises or brings up to date concerns about the ecological validity of neuropsychological tests and the links between functional performance and cognitive processes. Aim: This thesis aims to study the ecological validity of virtual environments and relationships between functional performance and cognitive processes using two simulated tasks of daily life among people with ABI. Apparatus and method: Experimentation 1 Study population: 27 patients with Traumatic Brain Injury had been consecutively included and divided into two groups.Method: the first group including 13 subjects learned a route in an urban district near from the hospital of Bordeaux. In the second group 14 subjects had to do the same procedure in a virtual district that replicated the real environment. All subjects had to complete spatial representation tests at the end of the delayed recall route. Experiment 2 Study population: 95 patients with ABI (essentially including people with TBI or Cerebral Vascular Desease) were included. Method: Subjects had to do errands in the virtual supermarket VAP-S (Marié et al 2003, Klinger et al 2004). Among the initial group 50 subjects had a neuropsychological battery.Results Experiment 1 No significant difference has been found between the two groups according to demographic data and TBI severity. There was no effect of the real or virtual environement on the recall of route and the number of error was the same wathever was the environmental condition [(1, 25) = 0.679; p = 0.4176)]. Among the spatial representation tests, only the scene arrangement test were higher in the real environment [U = 32.5; p = 0.01]. Expériment 2 No significant difference between the two groups has been found according to demographic data, neuropsychological tests, mood, and social integration. A Principal Componant Analysis (PCA) on the results of the 50 subjects who had completed the whole neuropsychological battery raised a four factor solution that accounts for 69.4% of the variance. Among these factors, episodic memory, prospective memory and perceptual organization showed as many relationships with VAP-S indicators as attention and executive componants (inhibition and updating). The factor 3 is linked to social integration. It is an argument in favor of the ecological validity of the VAP-S Discussion In the first experiment, despite the fact that spatial representations seemed different between the real and virtual environments, learning results were the same. RV is a reliable and safe to assess the topographical performance which is important in the daily life and notably in social and vocational rehabilitation. The second experiment suggested that VR simulated activity of daily living as shopping in a virtual supermarket bring together cognitive resources within interactions probably close than daily life. This result overcomes the limits of the splitting cognitive functioning in neuropsychology with a good ecological validity. However these results must be examined with caution due to large individual variation. Conclusion This thesis confirms the ecological validity of RV simulated activities of daily living close to the complexity of the relationships between the performance observed in the daily life and cognitive processes that are underlying it. It opens interesting perspectives to assessment and cognitive rehabilitation using RV of people with ABI and cognitive deseases with the purpose to improve autonomy in daily life
Fortin, Sandra. "Étude des troubles des fonctions exécutives dans les activités de la vie quotidienne chez les traumatisés craniocérébraux : application de modèles en neuropsychologie cognitive". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3156/1/000667626.pdf.
Texto completoSerna, Audrey. "Observation et modélisation des processus exécutifs et de leur dégradation lors du vieillissement cognitif dans la réalisation des activités de la vie quotidienne". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5105.
Texto completoBeauchesne, Luc. "Frontières quotidiennes : exploration de mon processus de création : études sur les effets de vérité au sein des productions médiatiques". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25736.
Texto completoLechowski, Laurent. "Perte d'autonomie pour les activités de la vie quotidienne dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : description, facteurs déterminants et évolution argumentés par les données de la cohorte REAL.FR". Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/464/.
Texto completoThe aim of our studies was to explore the loss of autonomy for the instrumental activities of the daily living in Alzheimer's disease with the IADL Lawton scale, in the multicentric French REAL. FR cohort (687 patients). Design of studies was prospective. At first, main explanation for the loss of autonomy were age, cognitive impairment but not behavioural disturbance. Then, we identified severe cognitive impairment as predisctive factor of faster loss of autonomy. Those patients were probably " fast decliners ". Finally, we determined a hierarchy in the loss of abilities in instrumental activities of daily living in the majority of women. Such of hierarchy permit a best understanding of the progression of Alzheimer's disease, and a significant impact in care of patients
Michalon, Sonia. "Etude des fonctions frontales dans la maladie d’Alzheimer : impact sur l’autonomie et les interactions communicationnelles Impact des fonctions frontales sur les activités de la vie quotidienne dans la maladie d’Alzheimer". Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0073.
Texto completoThe aim of our PhD work is to enrich the clinical presentation of frontal origin neurocognitive disorders through the assessment of frontal functions and communicational interactions in Alzheimer's disease. We propose an integrated approach of executive functioning, which comes out of isolated and singular studies that do not allow a global approach of all the competences supported by the frontal lobes. Executive functioning is essential to act on the environment but also to be adapted socially. Behavioral disturbances can therefore be different according to the modified or injured brain region (Stuss et al., 2002), leading to the need of integrating the notion of fractional frontal operation in theoretical models (Stuss & Alexander, 2007). Thus, we relied on the neuroanatomical model of frontal functions proposed by Stuss (2011) to better understand the behavioral, socioemotional and cognitive changes in people with Alzheimer disease; Actually, until now, no work has allowed to assess all these skills from the same sample of people with Alzheimer disease. To have a better understanding of the pathological dimensions, we will analyze the performances obtained in Alzheimer's disease, but also in the context of normal aging. Then, we will search the impact of the frontal functions on the loss of autonomy and social isolation. Finally, we will point out the links between the frontal functions and the communication, which will lead us to a better identification of the components necessary to the success of the social and communication interactions, and this, to propose adapted ways of interventions
Fleury, Anthony. "Détection de motifs temporels dans les environnements multi-perceptifs. Application à la classification automatique des Activités de la Vie Quotidienne d'une personne suivie à domicile par télémédecine". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00336400.
Texto completoL'appartement HIS possède des détecteurs de présence infrarouges (localisation), des contacteurs de porte (utilisation de certaines commodités), un capteur de température et d'hygrométrie dans la salle de bains et des microphones (classification des sons/ reconnaissance de la parole avec l'équipe GETALP du LIG). Un capteur cinématique embarqué détecte les transferts posturaux (reconnaissance de formes avec la transformée en ondelettes) et les périodes de marche (analyse fréquentielle).
La première partie de ce manuscrit présente la réalisation du capteur cinématique et les algorithmes associés puis une première validation sur des sujets jeunes suivi de la mise en place et de la validation des autres capteurs de l'appartement HIS et enfin l'algorithme de classification des sept activités de la vie quotidienne reconnues (hygiène, élimination, préparation et prise de repas, repos, habillage/déshabillage, détente et communication), par l'intermédiaire des séparateurs à vaste marge. La seconde partie décrit le protocole expérimental pour valider cette classification et discute de la généralisation des premiers résultats présentés.
Fleury, Anthony. "Détection de motifs temporels dans les environnements multi-perceptifs. Application à la classification automatique des Activités de la Vie Quotidienne d'une personne suivie à domicile par télémédecine". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10160.
Texto completoIn the near 2050, about one third of the French population will be over 65. The works of the team AFIRM of the TIMC-IMAG focus on the monitoring of elderly people at home, to detect, as earlier as possible, a loss of autonomy. This thesis work aims at objectivising criterions as ADL or AGGIR grids by automatically classifying the different Activities of Daily Living performed by the subject during the day. A Health Smart Home is used to do this. Our Smart Home includes, in a real flat, Presence Infra-Red Sensors, (for localisation), door contacts (for the use of some conveniences), temperature and hygrometry sensors in the bathroom and microphones (sound and speech recognition with the GETALP team of the LIG). The subject is also equipped with a kinematic sensor that delivers on the postural transition (by pattern recognition with wavelets) and walk periods (frequency analysis). This manuscript is compound of two major parts. The first one introduces the realisation of the kinematic sensor, its algorithms and its first evaluation; but also the set-up, algorithms and the validation of the other sensors inside the flat and finally the Support Vector Machines algorithms to classify the activities of Daily Living (hygiene, toilets, preparing and having a meal, resting, sleeping, communication and dressing/undressing). The second part deals with the experimental protocol to validate these algorithms and the results of these validations on young and healthy subjects. It introduces the results and a discussion about their validity
Laalaj, Lamia. "Le quotidien sublime : à la recherche d'un langage pictographique". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29473.
Texto completoZaineb, Liouane. "Services e-santé basés sur la reconnaissance et la prédiction des activités quotidiennes dans les espaces intelligents". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S109.
Texto completoAdvances in sensor technology and their availability have measured various properties and activities of residents in a smart home. However, obtaining significant knowledge from a large amount of information collected from a sensor network is not a simple task. Due to the complexity of the behavior of the inhabitants, the extraction of meaningful information and the accurate prediction of values representing the future activities of an occupant are research challenges. The main objective of our thesis work is to ensure an efficient analysis of data collected from occupancy sensors in a smart home. In this regard, this work is based on the recognition and evaluation of the daily activities of an elderly person in order to observe, predict and monitor the evolution of his state of dependence, health and to detect by the same occasion, the presence of a loss or a disruption of autonomy in real time
Théberge, Julie. "Nous sommes Plusieurs". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28345.
Texto completoOfferlin, Isabelle. "Handicap psychique et schizophrénie : évaluation et remédiation cognitives des troubles mnésiques impliqués dans les difficultés de la vie quotidienne et/ou professionnelle des patients". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811940.
Texto completoSerna, Audrey. "Observation et modélisation des processus exécutifs et de leur dégradation lors du vieillissement cognitif dans la réalisation des activités de la vie quotidienne : étude pour la conception d'un système d'assistance". Thèse, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0078.
Texto completoLn order to assist patients who are loosing their autonomy, smart homes and cognitive assistance systems have to be based on a good knowledge of people's disorders and on the difficulties they are likely to encounter in daily life. The specifie objective of this PhD is to observe executive processes involved in the completion of daily activities and their impairment during ageing and dementia of the Alzheimer's type, and th en to design both theoretical and computational models which are able to generate the observed behaviours. An observation and a qualificatiQn phase, allowing to observe executive control processes (action regulation, correction and adaptation when unexpected situations occur) have been first realized, leading to the specification of a theoretical model based on the Norman and Shallice mode!. This theoretical model has then been implemented to obtain a computational model, which allows the simulation of a specifie activity of daily living
Chartrand, Geneviève. "Dans mon silence vertical". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29463.
Texto completoCastebrunet, Matthieu. "Étude et conception d'un système de personnalisation et d'aide fonctionnelle multi-agents permettant d'assister simultanément de manière transparente les activités de vie quotidienne de multiples personnes dans un Habitat Intelligent pour la Santé". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5168.
Texto completoCao, Xue. "Mise en oeuvre d'une tâche virtuelle, écologique et paramétrable dans le contexte des fonctions exécutives". Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00577779.
Texto completoBrouillard, Claudine. "L'artialisation "in visu" comme processus d'infiltration". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27469/27469.pdf.
Texto completoLe, Xuan Hoa Binh. "Reconnaissance des comportements d'une personne âgée vivant seule dans un habitat intelligent pour la santé". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00362826.
Texto completoNous nous intéressons aux HIS qui ne sont équipés que de capteurs non invasifs, non intrusifs (capteurs infrarouges et/ou contacts magnétiques). Ce type d'HIS, simple et respectueux de l'intimité de la personne, fonctionne de façon passive, c'est-à-dire sans avoir besoin du concours de l'occupant. Le travail de la thèse propose une méthode de traitement de données provenant des capteurs infrarouges passifs installés dans un HIS, afin de reconnaître les activités de la vie quotidienne (ou AVQ) réalisées par la personne âgée dans une journée, et de suivre l'évolution de son état d'autonomie. Cette méthode a été implémentée en Matlab et appliquée à des données réelles provenant d'HIS occupés par des personnes âgées vivant seules.
Le, Xuan Hoa Binh. "Reconnaissance des comportements d'une personne âgée vivant seule dans un habitat intelligent pour la santé". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10285.
Texto completoLn France, in 2008, the number of people aged 60 and over is approximately 13. 5 million. It is estimated at 22. 3 million in 2050. Most eiders live at home (96% of people aged 60 and over in 1999) and many live alone at home (27% in 1999). Eiders living alone at home with aging have sorne risks a long-term (bad feeding, insufficient hygiene, loss of autonomy. . . ). To ensure a minimum safety for eiders who wish to live at home as long as possible we can install sensors in their home to obtain a Health Smart Home, also called "Habitat Intelligent pour la Santé" (HIS). This installation allows a remote monitoring of the occupant. Through an automatic recognition of daily activities performed by the occupant, our objective is to detect a possibl loss of autonomy. We are interested in HIS which are equipped only with non-invasive, non-intrusive sensors (infra-red sensors and/or magnetic contacts). This type of HIS, simple and respectful of the privacy of the person, functions in a passive way, i. E. Without needing the participation of the occupant. The work of the thesis proposes a method of processing data provided by passive infra-red sensors installed in a HIS, in order to recognize the activities of daily living (or ADL) performed by the eider in a day, and monitor the evolution ofhis level of autonomy. This method has been written in Matlab and applied to real data coming from HIS occupied by eiders living alone
Romdhane, Rim. "Reconnaissance d'activités et connaissances incertaines dans les scènes vidéos appliquées à la surveillance de personnes âgées". Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967943.
Texto completoBrassard, Nathalie. "Conflits travail-famille et ajustement dyadique chez des couples d'aidants de la génération "sandwich" qui prennent soin d'un parent en perte d'autonomie fonctionnelle dans les activités de la vie quotidienne". Thèse, 2004. http://constellation.uqac.ca/656/1/18297036.pdf.
Texto completoLe, Binh Xuan Hoa. "RECONNAISSANCE DES COMPORTEMENTS D'UNE PERSONNE AGEE VIVANT SEULE DANS UN HABITAT INTELLIGENT POUR LA SANTE". Phd thesis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00580747.
Texto completoCloutier, Simon. "Identification de marqueurs neuropsychologiques précoces dans la maladie d’Alzheimer : trajectoires des changements cognitifs et fonctionnels". Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23484.
Texto completoThe main objective of this thesis was to characterize the trajectories of cognitive and functional decline in the preclinical and early stages of Alzheimer's disease, using two methodological approaches: the study of mild cognitive impairment in sporadic Alzheimer's disease and the study of the cognitive phenotype of individuals with autosomal dominant mutations in familial Alzheimer's disease. The thesis comprises 6 articles, 4 of which are empirical. The first article (Chapter II) aimed to review the literature on mild cognitive impairment, its historical context, its diagnostic criteria and current knowledge in the cognitive, genetic and neuroimaging fields. The objective of the second study (Chapter III) was to characterize the different cognitive domains (episodic memory, executive functions, working memory, visuospatial processing and language) and their trajectories over time, in individuals with mild cognitive impairment, by distinguishing those who progressed to dementia, or progressors, and those that did not progress to dementia, or non-progressors. The results indicate that, in the case of progressors, the trajectories of decline are distinguished according to the cognitive domain: a quadratic function (a plateau followed by an accelerated decline) characterizes the delayed recall in episodic memory and working memory/processing speed and a linear function characterizes immediate recall, executive functions and visuospatial abilities. The objective of the third study (Chapter IV) was to characterize the trajectories of decline in the ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living in these same individuals with mild cognitive impairment who progressed to dementia and to compare these trajectories with those found in individuals with mild cognitive impairment who did not progress. The results show that the self-reported abilities to perform activities of daily living follow a quadratic trajectory in the progressors (met the dementia criteria during the study), a linear trajectory in the declinors (presented a cognitive decline without meeting the dementia criteria during the course of the study) and did not change over time in the stable (remained cognitively stable during the study). The results indicate that these patterns can be mainly explained by a category of activities, the complex activities (e.g. managing the budget), which follow the same trajectories. The objective of the fourth article (Chapter V) was to present the different components (genetics, imaging and cognition) of a collaborative project initiated in 2012 between Canada and China, aimed at studying the preclinical phases of familial Alzheimer’s disease. The objective of the fifth study (Chapter VI) was to examine the onset and course of cognitive impairment in familial Alzheimer's disease, by distinguishing individuals with PSEN1 mutations leading to a diagnosis of dementia from those not carrying these mutations. The results show that, in mutation carriers, the time to the estimated age of onset follows a quadratic trajectory for delayed recall and recognition in episodic memory and a linear trajectory for immediate recall, semantic/categorical verbal fluency and visuospatial abilities. Finally, the objective of the sixth study (Chapter VII) was to present preliminary imaging data for the Canadian cohort with PSEN1 mutations, using a case series. In mutation carriers, amyloid is an early marker, with a significant deposition, even in non-symptomatic individuals. The tau marker is significant only near the estimated age of onset in mutation carriers and appears to be more associated with cognitive deficits.