Artículos de revistas: "Action ontology"

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Aune, Bruce. "Action and ontology". Philosophical Studies 54, n.º 2 (septiembre de 1988): 195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00354513.

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2

Webster, John. "Eschatology, Ontology, and Human Action". Toronto Journal of Theology 7, n.º 1 (marzo de 1991): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/tjt.7.1.4.

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Turchin, Valentin F. "The Cybernetic Ontology of Action". Kybernetes 22, n.º 2 (febrero de 1993): 10–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb005960.

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Frances, Bryan. "Ontology, Composition, Quantification and Action". Analysis 76, n.º 2 (17 de marzo de 2016): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/anw020.

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Bodenreider, Olivier. "Special Issue: Biomedical Ontology in Action". Applied Ontology 4, n.º 1 (2009): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ao-2009-0066.

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Oakley, Allen. "Popper’s Ontology of Situated Human Action". Philosophy of the Social Sciences 32, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2002): 455–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004839302237834.

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Lee, Seok-Jun y In-Cheol Kim. "Generating Robot Task Plans from Action Ontology". Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 23, n.º 8 (31 de agosto de 2017): 650–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5302/j.icros.2017.17.0110.

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8

Harris, Joshua. "Collective Action and Social Ontology in Thomas Aquinas". Journal of Social Ontology 7, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2021): 119–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jso-2020-0065.

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Abstract In this paper I argue that there are resources in the work of Thomas Aquinas that amount to a unique approach to what David P. Schweikard and Hans Bernhard Schmid’s call the “Central Problem” facing theorists of collective intentionality and action. That is to say, Aquinas can be said to affirm both (1) the “Individual Ownership Claim” and (2) the “Irreducibility Claim,” coherently and compellingly. Regarding the Individual Ownership Claim, I argue that Aquinas’s concept of “general virtue” (virtus generalis) buttresses an account of the way in which individuals act collectively qua individuals, i.e., without invoking hive minds or other scientifically problematic phenomena. Further, with respect to the Irreducibility Claim (2), I argue that Aquinas’s concept of “common good” (bonum commune) offers an account of the way in which some powers and acts of social groups are importantly irreducible to those of their members. Considered together, I argue that these two positions in Aquinas are correlative, and therefore amount to a coherent account of collective action and group agency, respectively.

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Frost, Gloria. "Aquinas’ Ontology of Transeunt Causal Activity". Vivarium 56, n.º 1-2 (3 de abril de 2018): 47–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685349-12341351.

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Abstract This paper reconstructs and analyzes Thomas Aquinas’ intriguing views on transeunt causal activity, which have been the subject of an interpretive debate spanning from the fifteenth century up until the present. In his Physics commentary, Aquinas defends the Aristotelian positions that (i) the actualization of an agent’s active potential is the motion that it causes in its patient and (ii) action and passion are the same motion. Yet, in other texts, Aquinas claims that (iii) action differs from passion and (iv) “action is in the agent” as subject. This paper proposes a solution for how to reconcile Aquinas’ varying claims about what transeunt causal activity is in reality. In addition to advancing understanding of Aquinas’ views on causal activity, the paper also offers insights into more general topics in his thought, such as the relationship between actualities and accidents and the nature of extrinsic accidents.

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10

Benitez, Federico y Diego Maltrana. "Dispositions and the Least Action Principle". Disputatio 14, n.º 65 (1 de noviembre de 2022): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/disp-2022-0006.

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Abstract This work deals with obstacles hindering a metaphysics of laws of nature in terms of dispositions, i.e., of fundamental properties that are causal powers. A recent analysis of the principle of least action has put into question the viability of dispositionalism in the case of classical mechanics, generally seen as the physical theory most easily amenable to a dispositional ontology. Here, a proper consideration of the framework role played by the least action principle within the classical image of the world allows us to build a consistent metaphysics of dispositions as charges of interactions. In doing so we develop a general approach that opens the way towards an ontology of dispositions for fundamental physics also beyond classical mechanics.

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Laktionova, Anna. "PERFORMATIVITY OF ACTIONS: POSSIBLE MAPPINGS WITH JENNIFER HORNSBY'S VIEWS ON ACTING, ACTIONS, ACTIVITY AND AGENCY". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Philosophy, n.º 6 (2022): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2523-4064.2022/6-7/13.

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The article is devoted to outlining crucial aspects of defended approach to actions and agency in comparative with primarily J. Hornsby's views. The proposed approach is continuation of developed in the defended by the author candidate (PhD) and doctoral dissertations ideas. J. Hornsby is an outstanding classical philosopher of nowadays, her legacy is connected primarily with analytic tradition; and within it with philosophy of action and agency, philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, metaphysics, epistemology. Particularities of and relations between such important, but remaining to be vague notions as actions, events, facts, norms, values, evaluations were clarified (using the method of tables). These tasks disclosed ontological (metaphysical) modes actual for both philosophy of action and agency from one side and ontology (metaphysics) – from another. Ontology of action involves metaphysical processing (performing of action) and metaphysical results (achievements by action). The mentioned seem in accordance with J. Hornsby's views. Standard treatments of actions and agency were critically mentioned. The critics against them is due to missing or rather losing in and by them the need of the notion of an agent; because it is intention that causes an action. In the defended approach, as well as in J. Hornsby's theory, the role of an agent has priority. But the most interesting notion from her findings is proved to be trying or attempt to act. It was diversely described, used and shown promising. When successful trying to action coincides with this action. Trying to action is a reason for action. Trying to action does not represent, but present an action. Thus, justification of an action is directly within the action; because action performatively shows itself. Actions performatively validate correspondent events, facts, norms, values, evaluations.

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Ikuenobe, Polycarp. "Social ontology, practical reasonableness, and collective reasons for action". Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 49, n.º 3 (11 de febrero de 2019): 264–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jtsb.12202.

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Balakirsky, Stephen. "Ontology based action planning and verification for agile manufacturing". Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 33 (junio de 2015): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcim.2014.08.011.

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14

Weinberger, Ota. "Freedom, range for action, and the ontology of norms". Synthese 65, n.º 2 (noviembre de 1985): 307–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00869306.

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Liu, Wei, Wenjie Xu, Dong Wang, Xujie Zhang y Zongtian Liu. "An extending description logic for action formalism in event ontology". International Journal of Computational Science and Engineering 9, n.º 3 (2014): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcse.2014.060680.

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Linsenbard, Gail E. "Beauvoir, Ontology, and Women's Human Rights". Hypatia 14, n.º 4 (1999): 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1999.tb01258.x.

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Simone de Beauvoir offers an important contribution to discourse on universal human rights. Her descriptive ontology of persons as free, interdependent, and situated in a world that offers resistance brings the discussion of human rights to a new level that also converges with some African perspectives. I claim that Beauvoir is able to defend universal human rights and, moreover, justify moral action against human rights abuses by showing the existential priority of ontological freedom.

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Dykstra, Wayne R. "Conscientisation and the ontology of personhood in Latin American liberation psychology". History & Philosophy of Psychology 15, n.º 1 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpshpp.2014.15.1.1.

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This article explores the ontology of human personhood embedded within liberation psychology scholarship as related to the concepts of conscientisation, alienation, and relatedness. Through analysis of the work of Paulo Freire, Ignacio Martín-Baró and Maritza Montero, this study sheds light upon Latin American liberation psychology, as a paradigmatic articulation of human ontology. The importance of a well-articulated ontology of human personhood is related to and supported by Martin and Sugarman’s (2003) developmental theory of situated agentic personhood. In exploring foundational texts in liberation psychology we find a strong link to Marxian conceptions of personhood and agency. This interdisciplinary heritage claimed by liberation psychology continues to support an understanding of personhood as agentic, wilful and not only capable of socio-political action but dialectically inclined to such action for personal and societal change. This ontology has been essential in the development of liberation psychology practices and suggests a necessary paradigm shift in mainstream psychology.

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Sivertsen, Sveinung Sundfør. "No Need for Infinite Iteration". Journal of Social Ontology 1, n.º 2 (1 de septiembre de 2015): 301–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jso-2014-0026.

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AbstractAs part of his argument for a “Copernican revolution” in social ontology, Hans Bernhard Schmid (2005) argues that the individualistic approach to social ontology is critically flawed. This article rebuts his claim that the notion of mutual belief necessarily entails infinite iteration of beliefs about the intentions of others, and argues that collective action can arise from individual contributions without such iteration. What matters is whether or when there are grounds for belief, and while extant groups and social structures may be relevant to some forms of collective action, this does not show that all forms of collective action depends on such such pre-established collectivity.

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Lytvyn, V. V., R. V. Vovnjanka y D. G. Dosyn. "Specialized intelligent agents actions planning methods based on ontological approach". Information extraction and processing 2017, n.º 45 (26 de diciembre de 2017): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/vidbir2017.45.096.

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The solution of the applied task of constructing intelligent agents (IA) of action planning is proposed. The mathematical support of functioning of intellectual agents of action planning on the basis of ontologies is developed, which made it possible to formalize the behavior of such agents in the state space. The use of ontologies allows narrowing the search space for path from the initial state to the target state, rejecting irrelevant alternatives. A method of narrowing the search area for optimal IA activity is proposed. To assess the reaction of the environment on the behaviour of the IA a method based on reinforcement learning is developed. The two-criterion optimization problem of dynamic programming is formulated, which is solved by one of the iterative methods – by principal component analysis or by the multiple criterion method, depending on the possibility to numerically estimate the target functions of this optimization problem. The architecture of the system of planning the actions of specialized intelligence agents is proposed. It consists of an ontology that contains ontology of tasks, the solution of which is aimed at the functioning of a specialized IA, and a domain ontology, which sets out alternatives to solving individual subtasks. On the example of the problem of corrosion protection of the water supply or gas pipeline pipe the efficiency of the proposed approach is investigated. The software for the functioning of intelligent action planning agents based on constructed models, methods and algorithms has been developed, which make it possible to implement the individual components and functional modules of intellectual action planning agents on the basis of ontologies.

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20

Potvin, Louise. "On the nature of programs: health promotion programs as action". Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 9, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2004): 731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232004000300023.

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Assuming that sound methodological indications regarding the evaluation of health promotion programs should be rooted in a critical reflection on the nature of health promotion programs, this paper reviews two traditional ontological perspectives at the basis of most scientific activity. While empirical realism conceptualises programs as natural objects, idealism and relativism strictly confine programs in the realm of representations and models. Both ontological perspectives however are unsatisfying for health promotion programs. It is suggested that critical realism which proposes a three-layer ontology offers a better framework for conceiving health promotion programs. In this ontology, the nature of programs lies in actions undertaken to create the conditions by which social causal mechanisms are triggered. Ultimately locating programs in the realm of practice.

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Jung, Hyun-Ok y Seung-Woo Han. "Implementing psychological first aid ontology". PLOS ONE 16, n.º 6 (9 de junio de 2021): e0252891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252891.

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Background This study develops an ontology of Psychological First Aid (PFA) by extracting relevant knowledge from a review of PFA literature. Materials and methods This study was conducted using the PFA ontology development 101 method. This review processes previously-developed PFA studies by consulting Google Scholar, CINHL, PUBMED, and MEDLINE. Protege 5.0 program was used to integrate with ontology development. The developed PFA ontology consisted of eight super classes: Action agenda, Assessment, Concrete method, Disaster type, Disaster disposition, Purpose, Qualification and Skill, Reaction. In total, 166 terms were collected. Results The eight super classes were divided into 72 classes and 64 subclasses. The composition yielded in a total of 166 axioms (85 logical axioms; 81 declaration axioms). Conclusions This study provides basic data to guide development and composition of PFA arbitration programs.

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Robinson, Edward Heath. "A Theory of Social Agentivity and its Integration into the Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering". International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 7, n.º 4 (octubre de 2011): 62–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.2011100103.

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The agentivity of social entities has posed problems for ontologies of social phenomena, especially in the Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering (DOLCE) designed for use in the semantic web. This article elucidates a theory by which physical and social objects can take action, but that also recognizes the different ways in which they act. It introduces the “carry” relationship, through which social actions can occur when a physical action is taken in the correct circumstances. For example, the physical action of a wave of a hand may carry the social action of saying hello when entering a room. This article shows how a system can simultaneously and in a noncontradictory manner handle statements and queries in which both nonphysical social agents and physical agents take action by the carry relationship and the use of representatives. A revision of DOLCE’s taxonomic structure of perdurants is also proposed. This revision divides perdurants into physical and nonphysical varieties at the same ontological level at which endurants are so divided.

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Panda, Ranjan K. "Ethics of Knowledge Sharing: A Perspective of Social Ontology". ETHICS IN PROGRESS 3, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2012): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/eip.2012.1.3.

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In the contemporary socio-economical scenario, knowledge sharing has become a crucial topic for discussion. As the economy of the societies becoming knowledge centric, knowledge production and dissemination by the educational and other social institutions must play an important role. In this paper, we discuss the notion of knowledge sharing as normative action involving two modes of function: voluntary and obligatory. Knowledge sharing as voluntary action presupposes personal ontology of knowledge. The knower as owner of knowledge has the right to disseminate knowledge. The reason of this dissemination could be sometimes to fulfill certain psychological desire or material needs, rather than purely value centric. Such a mode of sharing could be the reason for the degeneration of knowledge. It is because voluntary dissemination of knowledge does not go beyond the whims and fancies of the knower. On the other hand, knowledge sharing as an obligatory action emphasizes care and commitment. These normative elements could not only transform the attitude of the knower, but also help him to transcend the mere economic and psychological reasons of knowledge sharing. This transcendental logic of sharing would show how knowledge obtains its social ontology.

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Fleming, Sean. "Artificial persons and attributed actions: How to interpret action-sentences about states". European Journal of International Relations 23, n.º 4 (30 de noviembre de 2016): 930–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066116679244.

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Action-sentences about states, such as ‘North Korea conducted a nuclear test’, are ubiquitous in discourse about international relations. Although there has been a great deal of debate in International Relations about whether states are agents or actors, the question of how to interpret action-sentences about states has been treated as secondary or epiphenomenal. This article focuses on our practices of speaking and writing about the state rather than the ontology of the state. It uses Hobbes’ theory of attributed action to develop a typology of action-sentences and to analyse action-sentences about states. These sentences are not shorthand for action-sentences about individuals, as proponents of the metaphorical interpretation suggest. Nor do they describe the actions of singular agents, as proponents of the literal interpretation suggest. The central argument is that action-sentences about states are ‘attributive’, much like sentences about principals who act vicariously through agents: they identify the ‘owners’ of actions — the entities that are responsible for them — rather than the agents that perform the actions. Our practice of ascribing actions to states is not merely figurative, but nor does it presuppose that states are corporate agents.

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Briskievicz, Danilo Arnaldo. "A ontologia da singularidade e a educação em Hannah Arendt: Uma preparação para o mundo". Revista Portuguesa de Educação 31, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2018): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/rpe.12082.

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Investigamos no pensamento de Hannah Arendt a possibilidade de uma ontologia da singularidade relacionada diretamente com a educação, como protomomento da ontologia da pluralidade, iniciada com o nascimento e ampliada pela chegada ao mundo comum, ao espaço da ação. Destacamos alguns pontos de sua teoria política, inter-relacionando-os com apontamentos sobre a educação do texto A Crise da Educação, de 1958. Apresentamos a educação como espaço privilegiado de formação da vida do espírito, essencial, por ser inicial, em tempo e espaço para o exercício pleno da vita activa. A ontologia da singularidade é fundamentada a partir de seis pontos em que é preciso: acolher, preparar e incluir os singulares; fomentar espaços para o discursar, valorizar as diferenças e preservar a tradição. Apresentamos dois antimodelos para a ontologia da singularidade: na educação escolar, os campos de concentração, pela prerrogativa do uso da violência e da mudez; para os educandos, Adolf Eichmann, por causa de seu vazio de pensamento e incapacidade de agir criativamente no mundo. Propomos que a duração da educação é proporcional à criatividade narracional da tradição pela autoridade dos professores.Palavras-chave: Hannah Arendt; Ontologia da singularidade; Filosofia da educação; Vida do espírito ABSTRACTWe investigate in Hannah Arendt's thinking the possibility of an ontology of singularity directly related to education, as protomoment of the ontology of plurality, initiated with the birth and enlarged by the arrival to the common world, to the space of action. We highlight some points of her political theory interrelating them with notes on education of the text The Crisis of Education, 1958. We present education as a privileged space of formation of the life of the mind, essential, for being initial, in time and space for the full exercise of the vita activa. The ontology of the singularity is based on six points in which it is necessary: to welcome, to prepare and to include the singular ones; to create spaces to promote discourse, to value differences, and to preserve tradition. We present two antimodels for the ontology of singularity: in school education, the concentration camps, by the prerogative of the use of violence and dumbness; for the pupils, Adolf Eichmann, due to his emptiness of thought and incapacity to act creatively in the world. We propose that the duration of education is proportional to the narrative creativity of tradition by the authority of teachers.Keywords: Hannah Arendt; Ontology of singularity; Philosophy of education; Life of the spirit

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Mealey, Christian y Scott Sonenshein. "Bringing a Resource to Life: An Action-oriented Ontology of Resources". Academy of Management Proceedings 2017, n.º 1 (agosto de 2017): 17855. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2017.17855abstract.

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Kalyvas, Stathis N. "The Ontology of “Political Violence”: Action and Identity in Civil Wars". Perspectives on Politics 1, n.º 03 (28 de agosto de 2003): 475–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592703000355.

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Ciavatta, David. "Hegel on the Parallels between Action and the Ontology of Life". Owl of Minerva 47, n.º 1 (2015): 69–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/owl201671117.

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Czelakowski, Janusz. "Performability of Actions". Journal of Logic, Language and Information 30, n.º 4 (6 de octubre de 2021): 753–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10849-021-09343-w.

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AbstractAction theory may be regarded as a theoretical foundation of AI, because it provides in a logically coherent way the principles of performing actions by agents. But, more importantly, action theory offers a formal ontology mainly based on set-theoretic constructs. This ontology isolates various types of actions as structured entities: atomic, sequential, compound, ordered, situational actions etc., and it is a solid and non-removable foundation of any rational activity. The paper is mainly concerned with a bunch of issues centered around the notion of performability of actions. It seems that the problem of performability of actions, though of basic importance for purely practical applications, has not been investigated in the literature in a systematic way thus far. This work, being a companion to the book as reported (Czelakowski in Freedom and enforcement in action. Elements of formal action theory, Springer 2015), elaborates the theory of performability of actions based on relational models and formal constructs borrowed from formal lingusistics. The discussion of performability of actions is encapsulated in the form of a strict logical system "Equation missing". This system is semantically defined in terms of its intended models in which the role of actions of various types (atomic, sequential and compound ones) is accentuated. Since due to the nature of compound actions the system "Equation missing" is not finitary, other semantic variants of "Equation missing" are defined. The focus in on the system "Equation missing" of performability of finite compound actions. An adequate axiom system for "Equation missing" is defined. The strong completeness theorem is the central result. The role of the canonical model in the proof of the completeness theorem is highlighted. The relationship between performability of actions and dynamic logic is also discussed.

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Vidu, Adonis. "Opera Trinitatis Ad Extra and Collective Agency". European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 7, n.º 3 (23 de septiembre de 2015): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24204/ejpr.v7i3.103.

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This paper assesses the viability of the model of ‘collective action’ for the understanding of the doctrine of the inseparability of trinitarian operations, broadly conceived within a Social-Trinitarian framework. I argue that a ‘loose’ understanding of this inseparability as ‘unity of intention’ is insufficiently monotheistic and that it can be ‘tightened’ by an understanding of the ontology of triune operations analogically modelled after collective actions of a ‘constitutive’ kind. I also show that attention to the ‘description relativity of action ascriptions’ can potentially move us beyond the impasse of the doctrine of appropriation. Finally, I respond to potential objections.

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Ferejohn, John. "Symposium on explanations and social ontology 1: rational choice theory and social explanation". Economics and Philosophy 18, n.º 2 (octubre de 2002): 211–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026626710200202x.

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In the Common Mind, Pettit argues that rational choice theory cannot provide genuine causal accounts of action. A genuine causal explanation of intentional action must track how people actually deliberate to arrive at action. And, deliberation is necessarily enculturated or situated “. . . we take human agents to reason their way to action, using the concepts that are available to them in the currency of their culture” (p. 220). When deciding how to act, “. . . people find their way to action in response to properties that they register in the options before them, properties that are valued in common with others and that can be invoked to provide at least some justification of their choices” (p. 272). That people seek to make justified decisions implies that, at times, their own goals or objectives will be modified in deliberation. Something that rational choice theory cannot allow.

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Foo, Gwendolyn, Sami Kara y Maurice Pagnucco. "An Ontology-Based Method for Semi-Automatic Disassembly of LCD Monitors and Unexpected Product Types". International Journal of Automation Technology 15, n.º 2 (5 de marzo de 2021): 168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2021.p0168.

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Disassembly is a vital step in any treatment stream of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), preventing hazardous and toxic chemicals and materials from damaging the ecosystem. However, the large variations and uncertainties in WEEE is a major limitation to the implementation of automation and robotics in this field. Therefore, the advancement of robotic and automation intelligence to be flexible in handling a variety of situations in WEEE disassembly is sought after. This paper presents an ontology-based cognitive method for generating actions for the disassembly of WEEE, with a focus on LCD monitors, handling uncertainties throughout the disassembly process. The system utilizes reasoning about relationships between a typical LCD monitor product, component features, common fastener types, and actions that the system is capable of, to determine 4 key stages of robotic disassembly: component identification, fastener identification, disassembly action generation, and identification of disassembly extent. Further uncertainties in the form of possible failure of action execution is reasoned about to provide new actions, and any unusual scenarios that result in incorrect reasoning outputs are rectified with user-demonstration as a last resort. The proposed method is trialed for the disassembly of LCD monitors and a product unknown to the system, in the form of a DVD-ROM drive.

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Gourinat, Jean-Baptiste. "The Ontology and Syntax of Stoic Causes and Effects". Rhizomata 6, n.º 1 (2 de agosto de 2018): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rhiz-2018-0005.

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Abstract The ontology of Stoic causes and effects was clearly anti-platonic, since the Stoics did not want to admit that any incorporeal entity could have an effect. However, by asserting that any cause was the cause of an incorporeal effect, they returned to Plato’s syntax of causes in the Sophist, whose doctrine of the asymmetry of nouns and verbs identified names with the agents and verbs with the actions. The ontological asymmetry of causes and effects blocked the multiplication of causes by reducing it to an efficient cause. However, while ontology and syntax merged into the doctrine of the effect as an incorporeal predicate, this was further complicated by a relational description of a cause as the effect of a body on a body and by the distinction of causes. Since there are different kinds of causes, not every kind of cause has the same syntactical role in the nexus of causal relations. This refinement of the original syntactical model presumably allowed the Stoics to give a more coherent view of human action than is usually assumed.

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Garrido, Julián, Ignacio Requena y Stefano Mambretti. "Semantic model for flood management". Journal of Hydroinformatics 14, n.º 4 (20 de marzo de 2012): 918–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2012.064.

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Risk assessment involves the study of vulnerability and hazards. When focused on flood events, such an analysis should evidently include the theoretical and practical study of floods and their behavior. Nevertheless, risk assessment is not useful if the results are not subsequently used for more effective management and planning by local authorities and qualified personnel. The risk evaluation process is composed of a set of actions, each of which requires different inputs. In fact, the results of one action are used as the input for another. This paper describes a semantic model for the study and management of floods with a view to elaborating a conceptual framework and designing a knowledge base. The model is based on the environmental assessment ontology and demonstrates how a brief ontology can be generated.

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Lake, Robert W. "Big Data, urban governance, and the ontological politics of hyperindividualism". Big Data & Society 4, n.º 1 (16 de mayo de 2017): 205395171668253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053951716682537.

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Big Data’s calculative ontology relies on and reproduces a form of hyperindividualism in which the ontological unit of analysis is the discrete data point, the meaning and identity of which inheres in itself, preceding, separate, and independent from its context or relation to any other data point. The practice of Big Data governed by an ontology of hyperindividualism is also constitutive of that ontology, naturalizing and diffusing it through practices of governance and, from there, throughout myriad dimensions of everyday life. In this paper, I explicate Big Data’s ontology of hyperindividualism by contrasting it to a coconstitutive ontology that prioritizes relationality, context, and interdependence. I then situate the ontology of hyperindividualism in its genealogical context, drawing from Patrick Joyce’s history of liberalism and John Dewey’s pragmatist account of individualism, liberalism, and social action. True to its genealogical provenance, Big Data’s ontological politics of hyperindividualism reduces governance to the management of atomistic behavior, undermines the contribution of urban complexity as a resource for governance, erodes the potential for urban democracy, and eviscerates the possibility of collective resistance.

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Jaziri, Wassim, Leila Bayoudhi y Najla Sassi. "A Preventive Approach for Consistent OWL 2 DL Ontology Versions". International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 15, n.º 1 (enero de 2019): 76–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.2019010104.

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Knowledge is continually changing over time. As such, semantic modelling knowledge formalisms, such as ontologies, must follow this evolution and change accordingly. However, ontology changes should never affect consistency. An ontology needs to remain in a consistent state along the whole ontology engineering process. In the literature, most of the approaches check/repair ontology inconsistencies in an a posteriori manner. This costs time and resources. In this article, an inconsistency prevention approach is proposed. It relies on OWL 2 DL change kits, which anticipate inconsistencies upon each change request. The proposed approach predicts potential inconsistencies, provides an a priori repair action, and applies the required changes. Consistency rules are defined and used to check logical inconsistencies, but also syntactical invalidities or style issues. A protégé extension is implemented to validate the proposal.

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Chen, Yong, Zhinan Zhang, Jian Huang y Youbai Xie. "Toward a scientific ontology based concept of function". Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 27, n.º 3 (24 de julio de 2013): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060413000243.

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AbstractFunction is an ambiguous concept, whereas having explicit and precise concepts is critical for building a systematic science of engineering design. Based on Bunge's scientific ontology, this paper is devoted to developing an explicit and precise concept of function for design science. First, we attempt to clarify the concept of behavior, which is closely related to function and is also shown as an ambiguous concept in engineering. Second, the concept of action is imported from scientific ontology into design science. Third, a scientific ontology based concept of function is proposed, together with an ontology-based functional taxonomy. A case of a function definition of a civil aircraft type demonstrates that the proposed concept of function is more explicit and precise than previous ones, and it can lead to better functional design results.

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Favraux, Paul. "La pertinence de l'ontologie pour la théologie". Forum Philosophicum 16, n.º 1 (24 de marzo de 2011): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/forphil.2011.1601.04.

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Ontology is still relevant for the reception of Christian revelation. Transcendental subjectivity, whose main role is to constitute, calls out for a deeper foundation. It is this deeper foundation that supplies an ontology of participation of all beings in Being and in God, as found in St Thomas and in some interpretations of his work (those of E. Gilson, A. Chapelle, A. Léonard). God's immanence in humanity and in creation, and human participation in Being and ultimately in God, enable us to conceive of a causal action upon the whole of humanity and upon the whole of creation, a causal action issuing from the death-resurrection of Christ. In the context of contemporary philosophy, marked too unilaterally by finitude and historicity, this ontology needs to be supplemented by an anthropological reflection on liberty—liberty donated to itself (C. Bruaire) rather than liberty uniquely devoted to an indefinite search of itself. This is the main point behind A. Chapelle's anthropology. Moreover, it is this sense of liberty that underlies at the same time a genuine pathway to ethics.

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Ekins, Richard. "Facts, Reasons and Joint Action: Thoughts on the Social Ontology of Law". Rechtstheorie 45, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2014): 313–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/rth.45.3.313.

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Ferreyra, Julian. "The Politician: Action and Creation in the Practical Ontology of Gilles Deleuze". Philosophies 7, n.º 3 (6 de mayo de 2022): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies7030050.

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This paper addresses an action that, from a Deleuzian perspective, is capable of modifying the despairing current social situation in which we are immersed, through the creation of political Ideas. Even though Deleuze conceives social Ideas as vast civilizing structures, we propose to bring into the political domain the logic of other acts of creation, such as the artistic or the philosophical, where the monumental coexists with minor figures that are nonetheless capable of introducing novelty into the world. The politician is the figure of those who are capable of having an Idea that allows to break the habits that perpetuate the current situation, and gives consistency to the intensive forms of life that continually create and dissolve themselves in the flow of becoming. Thus, macro- and micro-politics do not oppose each other, but offer in their immanence an alternative to social nihilism.

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Metzinger, Thomas y Vittorio Gallese. "The emergence of a shared action ontology: Building blocks for a theory". Consciousness and Cognition 12, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2003): 549–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8100(03)00072-2.

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42

Murtazina, M. Sh y T. V. Avdeenko. "The detection of conflicts in the requirements specification based on an ontological model and a production rule system". Information Technology and Nanotechnology, n.º 2416 (2019): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/1613-0073-2019-2416-63-73.

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The paper presents an approach to organizing the detection of conflicts between requirements based on an ontological model and a system of production rules. Requirements in the form of plain text are converted to instances of OWL ontologies for analysis. There are three basic elements “subject”, “action” and “object” in the requirements. These elements become classes of the ontology. The object properties between instances of the same classes are defined in the ontology. In the system of rules it is determined that one of four types of relations can be established between a pair of the requirements: isConflict, isDuplicate, isInterconnect, isNotInterconnect. We develop the software product in the Python language for building and applying production rules system for classes and property objects of the ontology. Protégé 5.2 is used to work with the ontology. Also Python library PySwip and development environment SWI-Prolog 7.6.4 are used in the work. The paper also considers the issues of extracting requirements ontology instances from the automated processing results of textual requirements. The UDPipe with Russian language model is used for text processing.

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Jovanov, Rastko. "Mimesis, law, struggle. A contribution to social ontology". Filozofija i drustvo 26, n.º 4 (2015): 917–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid1504917j.

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In this text, I begin from a brief presentation of Edith Stein's neglected theory of collective identity in contemporary social ontology, in order to, building on and resisting her conclusions, elaborate a new differentiation of various forms of collective identity. The thesis is that there are only three basic forms of communal living and action which have a feeling of collective belonging and solidarity, that is, collective identity: the masses, associations (corporations) and communities. I go on to further develop their respective particularities through the use of the terms of mimesis, (established) law and struggle, and by using certain insights from Hegel regarding the nature of ?objective spirit?.

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Cammaerts, Bart. "THE NEW-NEW SOCIAL MOVEMENTS: ARE SOCIAL MEDIA CHANGING THE ONTOLOGY OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS?" Mobilization: An International Quarterly 26, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2021): 343–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/1086-671x-26-3-343.

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Our hypermediated societies affect the very nature of what a social movement is. This article identifies five core nodal points of what constitutes a social movement: Program claims, Identity construction, Connections, Actions, and Resolve (PICAR). Primarily using France’s yellow vest movement case, I assess the impact of social media on these nodal points. I find that social media afford opportunities as well as present challenges for contemporary movements which taken together amounts to a newly emerging ontology. This new-new social movement ontology is characterized by processes of discontinuity (open ideological positioning, fluid collective identities, weak ties, an online repertoire of action, and relative ephemerality) co-existing with continuity (the return of a class politics of redistribution, the continued importance of collective identity, offline repertoires, and cycles of protest). This analysis demonstrates the dynamic interplay between political and mediation opportunity structures, producing new emancipatory potentials and challenging constraints.

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Pavlov, Ilia. "An Ontology of Power as an Ontology of History: An Appraisal of Vladimir Bibikhin’s Political Philosophy". Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 18, n.º 3 (2019): 195–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2019-3-195-223.

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The paper deals with the phenomenological, ontological, and existential grounds of the political philosophy and the philosophy of history as proposed by Vladimir Bibikhin in a course of lectures called (It’s) Time (Time-Being). Following the crucial ideas of Martin Heidegger’s Being and Time, Bibikhin introduces the concepts of “early” and “late” disciplines, illustrated by the rules of Sophia Alekseyevna and Peter the Great, accordingly. These concepts are introduced to indicate two different ontological structures of historical and political action. An ‘early’ discipline stands for an ontological basis for democracy, whereas a ‘late’ one refers to autocracy and despotism. Drawing on multiple Bibikhin’s works dedicated to Russia, such as Introduction to the Philosophy of Law, The Power of Russia, and Our Place in the Word, the author argues that Bibikhin further elaborates the political and ontological aspects of the above-mentioned concept of the ‘late’ discipline in these texts. In contrast, the book New Renaissance is considered as an illustration of an ‘early’ discipline which is prevalent in the West, according to Bibikhin. Finally, the author proposes a critical evaluation of Bibikhin’s political philosophy in regards to its close link with an ideology and outlines the possible perspectives of implementing some of Bibikhin’s ideas in contemporary debates about the political.

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Makowski, Piotr Tomasz. "Shared Intentionality and Automatic Imitation: The case of La Ola". Philosophy of the Social Sciences 50, n.º 5 (4 de mayo de 2020): 465–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0048393120918302.

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This article argues that such large-scale cases of crowd behavior as the Mexican Wave ( La Ola) constitute forms of shared intentionality which cannot be explained solely with the use of the standard intentionalistic ontology. It claims that such unique forms of collective intentionality require a hybrid explanatory lens in which an account of shared goals, intentions, and other propositional attitudes is combined with an account of the motor psychology of collective agents. The paper describes in detail the intentionalistic ontology of La Ola and discusses the conditions of cooperation it meets. The discussion allows the author to defend the view that large-scale collective intentionality can be based on automaticity to a significant degree: to properly understand such phenomena like La Ola, the idea of probabilistically interpreted decisions and propensities to act should give way to the automatic aspects of behavior. This paves the way for future studies in the philosophy of action to fully recognize the role of automatic performances at the level of collective actions just as they do for individual actions.

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Wood, Valerie, Seth Carbon, Midori A. Harris, Antonia Lock, Stacia R. Engel, David P. Hill, Kimberly Van Auken et al. "Term Matrix: a novel Gene Ontology annotation quality control system based on ontology term co-annotation patterns". Open Biology 10, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2020): 200149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.200149.

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Biological processes are accomplished by the coordinated action of gene products. Gene products often participate in multiple processes, and can therefore be annotated to multiple Gene Ontology (GO) terms. Nevertheless, processes that are functionally, temporally and/or spatially distant may have few gene products in common, and co-annotation to unrelated processes probably reflects errors in literature curation, ontology structure or automated annotation pipelines. We have developed an annotation quality control workflow that uses rules based on mutually exclusive processes to detect annotation errors, based on and validated by case studies including the three we present here: fission yeast protein-coding gene annotations over time; annotations for cohesin complex subunits in human and model species; and annotations using a selected set of GO biological process terms in human and five model species. For each case study, we reviewed available GO annotations, identified pairs of biological processes which are unlikely to be correctly co-annotated to the same gene products (e.g. amino acid metabolism and cytokinesis), and traced erroneous annotations to their sources. To date we have generated 107 quality control rules, and corrected 289 manual annotations in eukaryotes and over 52 700 automatically propagated annotations across all taxa.

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Brenas, Jon Hael, Eun Kyong Shin y Arash Shaban-Nejad. "Adverse Childhood Experiences Ontology for Mental Health Surveillance, Research, and Evaluation: Advanced Knowledge Representation and Semantic Web Techniques". JMIR Mental Health 6, n.º 5 (21 de mayo de 2019): e13498. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13498.

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Background Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), a set of negative events and processes that a person might encounter during childhood and adolescence, have been proven to be linked to increased risks of a multitude of negative health outcomes and conditions when children reach adulthood and beyond. Objective To better understand the relationship between ACEs and their relevant risk factors with associated health outcomes and to eventually design and implement preventive interventions, access to an integrated coherent dataset is needed. Therefore, we implemented a formal ontology as a resource to allow the mental health community to facilitate data integration and knowledge modeling and to improve ACEs’ surveillance and research. Methods We use advanced knowledge representation and semantic Web tools and techniques to implement the ontology. The current implementation of the ontology is expressed in the description logic ALCRIQ(D), a sublogic of Web Ontology Language (OWL 2). Results The ACEs Ontology has been implemented and made available to the mental health community and the public via the BioPortal repository. Moreover, multiple use-case scenarios have been introduced to showcase and evaluate the usability of the ontology in action. The ontology was created to be used by major actors in the ACEs community with different applications, from the diagnosis of individuals and predicting potential negative outcomes that they might encounter to the prevention of ACEs in a population and designing interventions and policies. Conclusions The ACEs Ontology provides a uniform and reusable semantic network and an integrated knowledge structure for mental health practitioners and researchers to improve ACEs’ surveillance and evaluation.

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Plumb, Donovan. "In Defense of Norm Circles". International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and Technology 5, n.º 2 (abril de 2014): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijavet.2014040104.

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According to Michael Welton, because of its capacity to support social learning, critical adult education has a pivotal role to play in human emancipation. Drawing on Jürgen Habermas's critical theory of communicative action, Welton argues that critical adult education's deepest contemporary purpose is to foster social learning that can enable people to resist the destructive colonization of lifeworld contexts. This paper argues that, while Habermas provides important insight into the normative foundations of critical adult education, his theory of communicative action does not possess an ontology that can sufficiently illuminate the ways human learning shapes and is shaped by lifeworld contexts. The emergent ontology of critical realism, the paper argues, especially as mobilized by sociologist, Dave Elder-Vass in his discussion of norm circles, provides an additional theoretical basis for enabling critical adult education to realize its fullest emancipatory potential.

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50

Epstein, Brian. "Précis of The Ant Trap". Journal of Social Ontology 2, n.º 1 (23 de marzo de 2016): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jso-2016-0001.

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AbstractThis article summarizes The Ant Trap: Rebuilding the Foundations of the Social Sciences. The book develops a new model for social ontology, applies it to groups and collective intentionality, and criticizes various forms of individualism. Part One of the book presents two traditional approaches to social ontology and unifies them into the “grounding–anchoring model” for the building of the social world. Part Two shows that individualism is mistaken even for basic facts about groups of people, challenges prevailing views of group intention and action, and illustrates how to approach facts about groups in general.

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