Tesis sobre el tema "Acid Acétique"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 50 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Acid Acétique".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Neves, Maria. "Towards(MOFs) Integration for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPSLS013.
Texto completoNowadays there is a rising concern in air quality management which has driven researchers to find solutions for improvement. This is the case in museums showcases and archives since the poor air quality raises health issues but also is associated with the loss of cultural artifacts. Within the frame of the EU-H2020 project 'Nemosine' (Innovative packaging solutions for storage and conservation of the 20th-century cultural heritage of artifacts based on cellulose derivate), new active adsorbers based on Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) were considered to solve this problematic.One of the main components that is vital to capture in these environments is acetic acid, as a result of the autocatalytic degradation of cellulose-acetate, from which films reels are produced. However, acetic acid is present in a much lower amount in comparison with water from ambient air, making the selective capture of acetic acid selective very challenging. This is extensible to other Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs, due to the predominance of water and its high polarity.MOFs have been explored recently as promising candidates for the separation of gases due to their ability to tune their structure/composition toward the envisioned applications. This can be extended for the capture of VOCs in environmental conditions, either through an increase in hydrophobic character and/or an increase in the acetic acid/MOF interactions. In this thesis two different approaches were explored to improve the selectivity towards acetic acid: either relying on MOFs bearing strong active acidic sites or the use of functionalized ligands combined with structures exhibiting appropriate pore characteristics.In order to consider MOFs commercialization, the production cost needs to be estimated. This was done for two prototypical MOFs, including one of the best MOF identified for acetic acid capture. To this end, their production process (synthesis and washing) under sustainable conditions was modeled based on pilot-laboratory experimental tests. This included the design of the production process, and evaluation of their industrial potential by identifying the main costly elements. The production cost of both MOFs, using batch green condition processes, reached values lower than 30 $/kg for a 1 kton/year production. Scale, fixed capital investment and raw materials price were considered essential for obtaining the lowest possible production cost value.Another important aspect prior to commercialization for cultural heritage preservation is to shape the MOFs in order to avoid excessive pressure drops, loss of valuable materials, contamination of the artifacts, or safety issues. Therefore, various methods (e.g., granulation, extrusion, foam incorporation) have been considered to yield mechanically stable bodies that could be easily incorporated in the museum boxes with as low an impact as possible on the performances. The different shaped bodies were tested using single-component isotherms and, in a chamber, simulating the conditions commonly found in museums (40 %R.H., at 25 °C).The work developed in this thesis was a result of a close collaboration between Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris (IMAP), at ESPCI and ENS, and Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), at ULisboa
Espinosa, de los Monteros Reyna Alejandra Elvira. "Oxydation voie humide du phénol et de l'acide acétique sur catalyseurs métalliques (Ru, Pt) supportés sur oxydes TiO2-CeO2". Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2264/document.
Texto completoAmong the different chemical processes, catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) appears to be a promising process for the treatment of wastewater containing high levels of toxic and poorly biodegradable compounds. This over pressure process is limited by the low oxygen solubility. The limiting step of reaction is the oxygen transfer to the metal particle through the support. Phenomena governing this transfer are the oxide support composition and the metal/support interaction. The objective of this work is to study the influence of the CeO2 content, known for its oxygen transfer and storage capacity, over the catalytic properties of Ru/TiO2-x%CeO2 and Pt/TiO2-x%CeO2 for catalytic wet air oxidation of phenol and acetic acid. The addition of ceria improves the oxygen storage capacity of materials but it enhances i) for CWAO of phenol, the formation of insoluble polymers in solution and the deposition of carbonaceous species on the catalytic surface, ii) for CWAO of acetic acid, the formation of carbonates on the support. In both cases an activity lost is due to the blocking of catalytic sites. Platinum is more active than ruthenium for CWAO of phenol while the opposite is observed in the case of acetic acid
Wang, Xianjie. "Interactions of ozone and acetic acid with natural Gobi dust". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS412.
Texto completoThis PhD thesis investigates the interactions of ozone and acetic acid with a natural mineral dust from Gobi Desert in China, under room temperature, atmospheric pressure, dry and wet conditions, using post-situ and in-situ characterization techniques to address gas phase and adsorbed phase species. First, ozone uptake at the surface of Gobi dust is investigated over a large ozone concentration range (20 ppb – 10 ppm) to provide new insights on the heterogeneous processes of ozone with potential interest for both atmospheric chemistry and industrial frameworks. Gobi dust exhibits catalytic properties regarding ozone decomposition with a steady-state uptake coefficient ranging from 2.6 10-9 to 6.2 10-8 depending on ozone concentration. Water molecules compete with ozone for the same surface sites while thermal treatment at 150˚C can significantly regenerate the surface sites after surface exposure to ozone. Second, the physisorptive and chemisorptive interaction modes of acetic acid on Gobi dust have been studied evidencing the formation of molecularly adsorbed acetic acid in monomer and dimer forms as well as bidentate chelating acetate. The amount and the partition of reversibly and irreversibly adsorbed fractions of acetic acid taken up on Gobi dust exhibit contrasted behaviors under dry and 20% RH conditions. Finally, the oxidation of adsorbed acetic acid by ozone at the surface of Gobi dust is investigated to typify the ability of that geo-material to act as a catalyst of interest
Novella, Astrid. "Fractionnement au CO2 supercritique en colonne à garnissage : application à l'extraction d'acide acétique en solution aqueuse diluée". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0026.
Texto completoThe emergence of biorefineries in the French industrial map has highlighted the major challenge of the recovery of products of interest from fermentation broth, products such as, for example, carboxylic acids. Conventional purification processes like distillation or solvent extraction present drawbacks that could be alleviated by using alternative processes such as supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) fractionation. ScCO2 fractionation was already proposed for purification of aqueous alcohol mixtures, but rarely for recovery of organic acids. Recovery of acetic acid (AA), here chosen as a model compound, from dilute aqueous solutions using a scCO2 continuous countercurrent packed column was experimentally studied at laboratory scale. Results were compared with modelling based on theoretical stage concept and modelling using a so-called ratebased model. Experimentally, separation performance proved to be low, compared to those of conventional processes and this is mainly due to the low value of the partition coefficient of AA between CO2 and water. Thermodynamic behavior of the system was studied using two different thermodynamic models and for such systems, a thermodynamic limitation was revealed, and in this case, use of reflux of extract would allow a significant increase of the extract composition. Performance of this configuration with reflux was assessed by using the commercial software Prosim Plus, where the column is described as a set of theoretical stages. Moreover, the energy cost of the fractionation process with extract reflux was evaluated and compared to the distillation one. The two processes proved to be very comparable from an energy point of view. From the analysis of the recovery of this model constituent, the interest of this continuous fractionation process for the recovery of poorly CO2 soluble compounds, from dilute aqueous solutions, a configuration representative of fermentation mixtures, has been evaluated
Pradhan, Nirakar. "Hydrogen and lactic acid synthesis through capnophilic lactic fermentation by Thermotoga neapolitana". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1145/document.
Texto completoThe environmental impact of excessive exploitation of fossil fuel reserves has inspired the innovation of several sustainable neo-carbon-neutral technologies. To that end, the biological processes like fermentation may be leveraged to bioconvert carbohydrate-rich feedstocks to fuels like hydrogen (H2) or commercially valuable organic acids like lactic acid. This research work investigated the engineering techniques for improving simultaneous synthesis of H2 and lactic acid under capnophilic (CO2-dependent) lactic fermentation (CLF) conditions by a lab strain of Thermotoga neapolitana.Primarily, the genotypic comparison between the lab strain and the wild-type revealed DNA homology of 88.1 (± 2.4)%. Genotyping by RiboPrint® and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analyses showed a genetic differentiation beyond subspecies level, hence the lab strain was proposed as a new subspecies, T. neapolitana subsp. lactica. The lab strain produced 10-90% more lactic acid, based on the phenotypic characterization, than the wild-type strain under similar operating conditions without impairing the H2 yield.The lab strain was then studied to optimize the growth conditions as well as to estimate the growth kinetic parameters. A new mathematical model based on the dark fermentation (DF) principles and Monod-like kinetic expressions was developed to enable the simulation of biomass growth, substrate consumption and product formation. The model failed to estimate acetic and lactic acid accurately, as the DF model did not consider the carboxylation of acetic acid to lactic acid by the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) enzyme under CLF conditions. The model was then incorporated with the CLF mechanism and the kinetic parameters were recalibrated.The calibrated kinetic parameters, i.e. maximum specific uptake rate (k), semi-saturation constant (kS), biomass yield coefficient (Y) and endogenous decay rate (kd) were 1.30 1/h, 1.42 g/L, 0.12 and 0.02 1/h, respectively, under CLF conditions. The new CLF-based model fitted very well with the experimental results and estimated that about 40-80% of the lactic acid production is attributed to the recycling of acetic acid and CO2.In addition, the adsorption of lactic acid by activated carbon and anionic polymeric resins was successfully applied as a downstream processing technique for the recovery of lactic acid from a model T. neapolitana fermentation broth. This research work serves as a practical milestone in the field of microbial fermentation with a scope for wider scientific applications, including the development of bio-based renewable energy and industrial lactic acid production
Deroite, Amandine. "Bases génétiques et réduction de la production d’acide acétique chez des hybrides Saccharomyces cerevisiae X Saccharomyces kudriavzevii en fermentation œnologique". Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NSAM0043.
Texto completoInterspecific Saccharomyces hybrids isolated from various fermental media combine the properties of their parents, such as the fermentative performance of S. cerevisiae and the cryotolerance or aroma production of the other parent. This is the case of cryotolerant S. cerevisiae X S. kudriavzevii hybrids used in the fermentation of white wines, among which the Eg8 family also has the capacity to release high concentrations of varietal thiols. However, these hybrids have the disadvantage of sometimes producing excessive amounts of acetic acid, compromising the quality of the wines. The aim of this work was to understand the environmental causes and genetic bases of the high acetic acid production of the Eg8 family strains and to reduce this production by a directed evolution approach. We first showed, by studying the combined effects of 3 parameters (temperature, lipids, sugars) using a Box Behnken experimental design that the lipid concentration modulates both the production of acetic acid and thiols. A comparative genomic study then revealed several factors that may explain their high acetic acid production. The origin of the S. cerevisiae part of these strains is, for example, a flor yeast, which is known to produce more acetic acid than S. cerevisiae strains of other origins. A transcriptomic study (RNAseq) conducted on two strains producing different levels of acetic acid then revealed a less efficient regulation of lipid metabolism by the high producer compared to the low producer. On the basis of these results, we implemented a directed evolution approach to develop low acetic acid production strains. Using lipid limitation as a selection pressure, we obtained evolved strains with reduced acetic acid production under different oenological conditions, while maintaining equivalent thiol release. One of these strains is currently being tested at pilot scale
Ngo, Ha Son. "Photocatalytic degradation of acetic acid in gas phase in the presence and in the absence of O2 using different TiO2 and M-TiO2 : a comparative study on the conversion, mineralization and intermediates’ selectivities". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1230/document.
Texto completoThe objective of the thesis is to better understand the mechanisms of photocatalytic degradation occurring under air or under nitrogen by studying the disappearance, mineralization and intermediate products of a simple molecule acetic acid. The reactions are carried out under these two atmospheres in gas phase and dynamic mode in order to place themselves under conditions of depollution or of energy generation. Firstly, we studied the degradation of acetic acid using the reference photocatalyst, TiO2 P25. Regardless of the atmosphere, air or N2, we have shown that the decarboxylation reaction is the first step in the disappearance of acetic acid. However, the fate of the methyl group depends on the carrier gas and the molar flow rate (in other words, the concentration of the pollutant in the gas phase). The mechanism of degradation occurring on the surface of the photocatalyst is then represented to explain the importance of this mechanism compared to that involving the hydroxyl radicals. The schematization of the mechanism includes the regeneration of the photocatalyst and the possible formation of H2O2, which has been observed in the literature. The study of the degradation products of acetic acid labelled with carbon 13 on the carbonyl group (CH313COOH) suggests that acetone and acetaldehyde do not result from the reduction of the carboxylic group. In a second step, the impact of photonic flux and moisture in the presence of TiO2 P25 as well as the effect of different commercial TiO2 on the conversion and more particularly the distribution of the intermediate products have been studied. Comparison of the effectiveness of different commercial TiO2s was discussed by considering the presence of rutile phase, the nature of the active species, the specific surface area of TiO2, the number of OH groups on the surface of the catalysts, the presence of impurities and the porosity of the materials
Margeriat, Alexandre. "Conversion catalytique des vapeurs de pyrolyse et molécules modèles". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1340/document.
Texto completoFast pyrolysis of biomass yields bio-oils with high levels of oxygen-containing components, high acidity and low stability. Further upgrading of these oils is necessary before they can be used as liquid fuels. Several low-cost strategies have been proposed for reducing the oxygen and acid contents including the catalytic conversion of pyrolytic vapors before vapor condensation. In this context, a first step in this work was the study of model molecules conversion, acetic acid and guaiacol, on different acid catalyst to understand reaction mechanisms and determine the best catalyst. In a second time, a semi-continuous pyrolysis test combined with a catalytic reactor was built and use to test the best acid catalysts found on model molecules, for the conversion of beech wood chips. A product recovery protocol was implanted to recover all the gas, liquid and solid fractions. Those fractions were characterized in depth by various techniques (?-GC, GC×GC, GPC, RMN…). A special focus was made on the quantification of monomers in the bio-oils by GC×GC. Mass balance reached 90% and carbon balance were established for some experiments. The performed characterizations as well as the comparison between catalytic and thermal experiments allowed to get more insights in the role of the catalyst on pyrolytic vapors conversion
Gonzalez, Rojas Alvaro. "Effect of plant growth regulator applications on phenolic quality of red grape berry skin and wine Vitis vinifera L., cvs Cabernet Sauvignon and Carmenère". Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR21920/document.
Texto completoPhenolic composition strongly determines red wine quality: color, taste, texture and most health benefits. Vineyard environmental conditions modulate endogenous hormonal balance and gene expression which control the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway leading to final grape phenolic composition. Even when the effects of plant growth regulator applications on grape endogenous hormonal balance and quality have been studied, the effect of these substances on wine composition and quality is poorly documented. The treatment of wine grapes with plant growth regulators is a potential tool in order to modify red wine phenolic composition and quality. This thesis project describes six experiments on plant growth regulator applications on developing grapes of Vitis vinifera L., cvs Cabernet Sauvignon and Carménère. Abscisic acid, Indole-3-acetic acid and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid were applied in different phenological stages, doses and environmental conditions: Maipo and Cachapoal regions in Chile and Bordeaux region in France, commercial and experimental vineyards and plants in containers. The effect on changes in the internal hormonal content, expression of flavonoid biosynthetic and regulatory genes and grape quality, in particular grape skin phenolic composition were examined. In addition, winemaking was performed in order to assess the effect of treatments on wine chemical and phenolic composition and on wine aroma and texture attributes judged by a sensory panel
Melang, Me Nze Vanessa. "Préparation de nouveaux matériaux pour l'élimination catalytique des composés organiques volatils". Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2272/document.
Texto completoThis work is devoted to the preparation of the new materials for the catalytic removal of volatile organic compound (VOC) : acetic acid. Decomposition of this gaseous molecule generate dangerous products such as CO2, acetone and formaldehyde. Removing acetic acid in aqueous phase is more difficult than gas phase. In fact, the presence of basic and redox catalysts like mixed oxides MgAl improve the oxidation of acetic acid reaction. This catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation and sol-gel methods. On each catalyst, cerium is deposited on the surface in order to improve their reducibility. MgAlCey_cp and MgAlCey_sg catalysts (y : 0.03% ; 0.07% ; 0.14% molar) have shown the increase of oxygen storage capacity (OSC) and number of strong basic sites because of various oxygen species (O22-, O2- and/or O2-) located on the surface of the materials and provided by ceria (CeO2). In fact, oxygen storage capacity of these catalysts is increased for MgAlCey_sg whereas a synergy effect appears for MgAlCey_cp. The results have shown that the reducibility of the catalysts is not related to the initial preparation method. However, basicity of MgAlCey_cp catalysts is higher than MgAlCey_sg. This basicity gives a high activity to co-precipitated catalysts which is limited by possible formation of carbonates during the oxidation reaction of acetic acid. Except for ceria, the best activity is obtained by MgAlCe0.14_cp and MgAlCe0.14_sg catalysts
González, Luz Estela de Bashan. "Ammonium metabolism coupled with indole-3-acetic acid in the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris when co-immobilized in alginate beads with the microalgae growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18340.
Texto completoSedjame, Henri-Joël. "Élaboration de matériaux catalytiques pour l'élimination de polluants organiques en phase gaz". Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2283/document.
Texto completoThe results presented in this manuscript have aimed at preparing catalytic materials based on noble metals for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOC). Thus, different platinum based catalysts have been prepared and their catalytic performances have been evaluated for n-butanol and acetic acid oxidation. A first study on oxidative and non-oxidative removal of n-butanol over alumina supported platinum based catalysts has been performed. This work focused on the study of the effect of the different parameters involved in the reaction (oxygen, water, metal). The adsorption-desorption phenomenon of the pollutant on the catalyst surface has also been studied.Inspired by the literature on the specific redox properties of ceria, the work was then focused on the effect of the addition of CeO2 to Pt/Al2O3 catalysts for n-butanol and acetic acid oxidation. The modification of the redox and acid-base properties as well as that of the catalytic performances of the material with the addition of CeO2 allowed to establish a relationship between catalytic oxidation activities, oxygen storage capacity and basicity. This correlation has been confirmed in the last study performed on the monolithic catalysts coated with different materials (Pt/Al2O3, Pt/CeO2, Pt/ZrO2, Pt/Al2O3-CeO2, Pt/Al2O3-ZrO2 and Pt/CeO2-ZrO2)
Zouzou, Michel. "Contribution à l'étude de quelques effets de l'acide borique in situ (Coleoptile de blé, hypocotyle de tournesol; Comparaison avec les acides phenylacétique et indolyl-3 acétique) et in vivo (développement de la plantule de tournesol; Croissance". Besançon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BESA2035.
Texto completoAmri, Jamel. "Croissance et suffocation des attaques localisées de corrosion dans les environnements de gaz carbonique et d'acide acétique : application à la corrosion de la partie supérieure des lignes humides de transport de gaz sous un régime d'écoulement stratifié". Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0166.
Texto completoLn the present work, C02 corrosion of APl 5L X65 pipeline steel in the presence of acetic acid (HAc) was investigated. The objective of this research was to study a qualitative behaviour frequently found in the case of the so-called top-of-line corrosion (TLC). That is, increasing corrosion rates and steep shrinkage after certain - not predictable - time delay. The focus was on the role of HAc in the growth and stifling of localized attacks in C02-containing media. The kinetic behaviours of carbon steel in such brines indicated that the overall effect of HAc is a balance between an enhanced cathodic reaction rate and a slightly inhibited anodic reaction rate. Results also showed that the active dissolution is not directly related to the presence of acetic acid but rather to what is generically referred to as C02 corrosion. Zero resistance ammeter (ZRA) measurements on artificial pit electrode assembly, cou pied to numerical simulation results, indicated that local HAc concentration gradients sustain the pit growth mechanism to a certain critical depth. Beyond this critical depth, the coupling current sharply drops off and the pit undergoes a process of stifling. However, a substantial effect of the purely ohmic drop on the pit stabilization process appeared unlikely in such conditions. Instead, initiated pits were shown to propagate and stifle mainly according to the counteracting depletions of HAc and C02. On the basis of the obtained results, a complete scenario was therefore proposed for the morphological trend of localized attacks, which is in good agreement with field occurring TLC cases
Roy, Magalie. "Oxydation ménagée de l'éthane en acide acétique par catalyse hétérogène". Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10179.
Texto completoMartins, Trindade Dario. "Contribution of the adenine nucleotide carrier, porin, and sphingolipid metabolism to mitochondria membrane permeabilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22133/document.
Texto completoA decisive event in the cell’s life-or-death decision is the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). The biochemical events responsible for MOMP, are not entirely defined. Two major and distinct mechanisms have been implicated in the control of MOMP: i) the action of Bcl-2 family proteins, which can directly engage the outer mitochondria membrane (OMM) and induce the opening of pores; and ii) the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), an inner membrane unselective channel that induces mitochondria swelling upon long term openings, and eventual rupture of the OMM. The growing interest in cell death biology, fostered by the relevant contributions of yeast to the understanding of basic biological processes, brought the unicellular eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae into the scene. Yeast cells lack some of the major regulators of apoptosis but still possess homologues of mitochondrially enclosed pro-apoptotic factors, as well as orthologues of the molecular components generally ascribed to PTP, including the ADP/ATP carrier (AAC) and Porin (Por1). These particular features of S. cerevisiae, along with the availability of genetic and molecular tools, provided an excellent opportunity to study Bcl-2 family members in a “controlled” environment, or the contribution of the PTP and its components to cell death. In this work, the particular contribution of AAC’s thiol goups, its oxidation, Por1, and of a possible interaction between both proteins to acetic acid-induced yeast cell death, was explored. We observed that oxidative modifications of Aac2p, namely the crosslinking of thiols, do not contribute to the acetic acid-induced cell death program. Such idea is supported by the apparent absence of a particular Aac2p oxidation pattern. Nevertheless, the AAC was previously found to be required for acetic acid-induced cytochrome c release, and its absence promoted the survival of yeast cells. Deletion of Por1, on the other hand, decreased the viability of yeast cells treated with acetic acid. It was hypothesized that the two proteins could share the same pathway in the regulation of cell death. To test it, cytochrome c release was evaluated in mitochondria isolated from Δaac1/2/3, Δpor1 and Δaac1/2/3Δpor1 cells following acetic acid exposure. The data obtained suggest that absence of Por1 does not affect cytochrome c releaseduring acetic acid induced-death, but it may be important for its regulation. When both the AAC and Por1 were absent, yeast mitochondria could still release cytochrome c, raising the possibility of an AAC-independent mechanism. Furthermore, we found both proteins have distinct effects that regulate the cellular response to different stresses. Indeed, absence of the AACs somehow contributed to increased osmotic stress and cell wall resistance. Finally, S. cerevisiae was used as a model to study mechanistic aspects relative to the function of Bcl-2 family proteins. Namely, we assessed the role of sphingolipids in the action of the human pro-apoptotic regulator Bax. We found that absence of Isc1p, an inositol phospholipase C that degrades complex sphingolipids into ceramides in yeast, favored the viability of yeast cells expressing an active form of Bax. It was further revealed that this effect is not associated with changes to the action of Bax; rather, it might be related with the cellular consequences of Bax-action. A parallel with the effect of Uth1p absence in yeast cells expressing Bax suggests that the absence of Isc1p could affect the selective degradation of mitochondria by mitophagy, and thus produce a different cell death response. This work provides new insights into the physiological events underlying the contribution of mitochondrial proteins, previously associated with cell death responses, and sphingolipid metabolism to cell death induced by acetic acid and Bax, respectively. Once again, the yeast S. cerevisiae proved to be an excellent model for the research of cell life and death
Duprat, Arthur. "Oxydation de composés aromatiques par le système Fer / Oxygène / Acide acétique". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1991. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00644964.
Texto completoMerzouki, Mustapha. "Recherche de catalyseurs sélectifs dans l'oxydation ménagée de l'éthane en acide acétique". Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD457.
Texto completoElgadi, Abdelaziz. "Nouvelles applications de la réaction de darzens en synthèse". Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10028.
Texto completoTessier, Laurent. "Optimisation de catalyseurs V-P-O supportés pour la fonctionnalisation de l'éthane en acide acétique". Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD614.
Texto completoRoques, Nicolas. "Trifluorométhylation anionique et radicalaire à partir de dérivés de l'acide trifluoroacétique". Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10044.
Texto completoVallat, Perrine. "Synthèse et étude des structures électronique et macromoléculaire d'un polyélectrolyte conjugué: le poly(thiophène 3-acide acétique)". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/VALLAT_Perrine_2006.pdf.
Texto completoIn this thesis, the molecular and electronic structures of a flexible conjugated polyacid, namely poly(3-thiophene acetic acid) (P3TAA), are studied. In a 1st part, the synthesis and the characterization of P3TAA presenting various lengths and regioregularities are described. In a 2nd part, solutions of P3TAA chains in the hydrophilic regime (i. E. Ionization rate f around 1) are studied. By small angle scattering, it appears that these chains are solubilized on a molecular scale and are extended in solution. UV-visible absorption spectroscopy experiments show that, in this case, the delocalization of the !-electrons is mainly controlled by electrostatic interactions. This technique also reveals a discontinuous 1st-order like transition between a highly charged extended state and a weakly charged collapsed state when f
Mikulová, Jana. "Oxydation voie humide de l'acide acétique catalysée par les métaux (Pt, Ru) déposés sur oxydes à base de cerium". Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2287.
Texto completoKrisner, Emmanuelle. "Oxydation hydrothermale d'acide acétique et de tributylphosphate en l'absence, puis en présence d'un catalyseur métallique : le cuivre". Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11016.
Texto completoMatta-El-Ammouri, Ghassan. "Fermentation acétonobutylique : Obtention de mutants résistants au butanol, action des acides acétique et butyrique sur la formation de solvants". Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10079.
Texto completoMaury, Luciano Catherine. "Etude expérimentale et théorique des structures moléculaires de quelques dérivés fonctionnels de l'acide éthanoi͏̈que". Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20208.
Texto completoAguilar, Uscanga Maria-Guadalupe. "Caractérisation cinétique et métabolique d'une souche de brettanomyces". Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT006G.
Texto completoHoàng, Quoc Lam. "Séparation sélective de la cellulose, des hémicelluloses et des lignines par le système catalyseur-solvant : acide formique-acide acétique, de matières végétales à teneur variable en silicium". Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPT002C.
Texto completoJayat, François. "Acylation du phénol en phase gaz et en phase liquide sur catalyseurs zéolithiques". Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2310.
Texto completoWafo. "Déchloration catalytique des PCB (polychlorobiphényles) : optimisation et approche mécanistique de la réaction". Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11032.
Texto completoMorfouace, Marie. "Implication du métabolisme dans l'apoptose et la différenciation des cellules souches cancéreuses de gliome murin". Nantes, 2010. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=bc93f86b-9e20-468c-8051-462c41bdfe71.
Texto completoThe so-called cancer stem cells are thought to be involved in some of the basic features of tumors, especially brain tumors. These cells are known to be extremely resistant to apoptosis and may be responsible for the resurgence of tumors after chemo and radio-therapy. We aimed to compare brain cancer stem cells (CSC) versus neural stem cells (NSC) to find some markers/pathways specific of these CSC. We used rat neural stem cells (NSCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) in a model of ENU-induced rat brain tumors. A proteomic comparison of these cells demonstrated that a major difference between CSCs and NSCs is due to metabolism: contrary to NSC, CSCs have a glycolytic metabolism. DCA is a drug involved in this particular metabolism. DCA treatment of CSCs led to a decrease in their resistance to apoptosis induced by etoposide and radiation. This decrease is correlated with an increase of p53, Foxo3 and some of their targets: the pro-apoptotic agents Puma, Noxa, and Bad. Moreover, DCA forces CSCs to differentiate, probably by modulating M2PK (glycolysis enzyme) and Oct4 (transcription factor involved in stemness) interaction. To conclude, DCA may improve the efficiency of usual treatments on patients with glioma
Deytieux, Christelle. "Maturation du raisin : étude de la relation entre l'équilibre hormonal et les facteurs impliqués dans l'évolution des parois cellulaires de la pellicule". Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21271.
Texto completoGrape berry ripening is characterized by numerous physiological changes. Skin tissue is particularly interesting because integrity is a predominant determinant for producing a good grape quality. Changes that occured during ripening are under hormonal statue. Our studies supply new data about the importance of free abscisic acid, indole acid (IAA) and polyamines during ripening and softening. We underline the preponderant role of IAA in triggeering veraison. Some protein potentially responsible for the cell wall modifications were studied in terms of enzyme activity and transcriptional activity. We focussed on the importance of pectin methylesterase, polygalaturonase, xyloglucan endo transglycosidase and other glycosidase activities during skin ripening. Use of several specific treatments has allowed us to underscore the impôrtance of hormonal balance in the control of grape ripening and cell wall degrading enzymes. Otherwise, a proteomic approach especially adapted to the skin tissue led us to identify proteins differentially expressed at three key stages of development : beginning coloured, full coloured and maturity
Castro, Martinez Claudia. "Brettanomyces bruxellensis : étude métabolique, cinétique et modélisation : influence des facteurs environnementaux". Toulouse, INPT, 2007. https://hal.science/tel-04595792.
Texto completoThis work has dealt with the metabolic and kinetic analyses of two strains of Brettanomyces, a contamination yeast found in alcoholic fermentation industries. One of these two strains was isolated from a beet alcohol distillery and the other one from a winemaking unit. Leaning upon the experimental plan methodology, the influence of the industrial environment factors has been studied: pH, temperature ethanol and sulphur dioxide concentration. The kinetics and stoichiometries observed were accurately represented by a model associating the Logistic law and Luedeking and Piret formalism. The parameters values of the growth model were settled from the experimental plan results. Finally, using the factorial analysis method, we were able to propose a reactional scheme valid for the tested strains and operative conditions
Montembault, Véronique. "Etude de la polymérisation de monomères à groupements aminoacétiques ou iminodiacétiques : évaluation des propriétés complexantes des polymères". Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066164.
Texto completoNeto, Carlos de Pascoal. "Le bois d'Eucalyptus globulus Labill : délignification par les procédés alcalins et par solvolyse oxydante en milieux éthanol/eau et acide acétique/eau". Grenoble INPG, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPG0020.
Texto completoThomas, Clément. "Etude du rôle de l'acide indole-3-acétique dans le système de morphogenèse alternative des embryons zygotiques immatures du tournesol (Helianthus annuus L. )". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13234.
Texto completoPlant regeneration can occur via two different pathways, i. E. Shoot organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis. The alternative morphogenesis experimental system of immature zygotic embryos (IZE) of sunflower offers the unique opportunity to induce both morphogenic pathways from the same cells. The BAP is the sole hormone included in the culture medium and is required for the induction of the morphogenic response whose orientation depends on the sucrose concentration of the medium. The work presented in this thesis aimed to define the role of endogenous IAA in the induction and the orientation of morphogenesis. Quantification and immunolocalisation of IAA showed that an internal IAA pulse occurred in IZE during the first hours of culture. When a critical threshold is reached, embryogenesis would be induced, while shoot organogenesis would be induced when IAA concentration remains low. These hypotheses were confirmed by investigating the effects on the morphogenic response of experimental IAA concentration modulation, using local application of IAA. To investigate the sensitivity to IAA of reactive cells, the expression of the ABP1 gene, which encodes a putative IAA receptor, was studied during IZE culture. Results led us to hypothesize that the reactivity of the cells could be a result of their particular responsiveness to IAA conferred by ABP1 expression and that, under embryogenic conditions, cellular hypersensitivity to IAA could reinforce the ability of a high IAA concentration to induce somatic embryogenesis. Finally, the competence of IZE cells to form somatic embryos was investigated using the Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor-like Kinase gene as a marker of embryogenic competence. Results suggested that, whatever the morphogenic conditions, reactive cells developed an identical embryogenic competence. This competence would be expressed by yet unknown factors specifically activated in response to the strong auxin signal generated in embryogenic culture conditions
Serp, Philippe. "Préparation de catalyseurs au rhodium sur supports pulvérulents par dépôt chimique en phase vapeur ; étude de l'hydrocarbonylation du méthanol et de l'acide acétique". Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30113.
Texto completoKouadio, Georges. "Etude de l'origine des acides organiques dans l'atmosphère d'une forêt équatoriale (le Mayombé)". Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30261.
Texto completoMateos, David. "Transformation de matériaux énergétiques par oxydation hydrothermale : étude cinétique globale et simulation du procédé en régime permanent sur des composés modèles". Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12795.
Texto completoHydrothermal oxidation processes in supercritical fluid provide an innovating alternative for the management of energetic materials at the end of their "lifetime" and of the production's wastes. In order to evaluate and promote the development of this technology, two hydrothermal oxidation pilots were built. The first set up in batch mode; the reactor is protected by a lined titanium. It is dedicated to feasibility studies on real products such as propellants and the various elements of their composition. Concerning the second one, it operates in a continuous mode based on a new concept of reactor : a multi injection of oxygen along the hydrothermal oxidation reactor. This facility is devoted to the determination of data necessary to scale industrial reactors. Model molecules such as acetic acid, methanol and phenol were studied. A calculation method was developed to obtain reaction kinetics parameters, in particular the order compared to oxygen concentration. On the basis of theses kinetics data the software "Prosim Plus" was validated to simulate the hydrothermal oxidation process
Tiabi, Mourad. "Préparation de chromannes, chromènes et de polyisoprenylhydroquinones : application à la synthèse de substances naturelles : précocènes, cordiachromène et dictyochroménol". Tours, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOUR4003.
Texto completoPouvesle, Nicolas. "Etude des mécanismes d'oxydation par le radical OH de COV oxygénés (acide acétique, acétaldéhyde, glycolaldéhyde et hydroxyacétone) aux basses températures de la haute troposphère". Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE2060.
Texto completoGénin, Francine. "Étude vibrationnelle théorique et expérimentale de l'acide acétique et de ses dérivés deutériés : étude spectroscopique de la complexation du ligand acétate avec des cations métalliques en solution aqueuse". Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10216.
Texto completoMolecular interactions between acetic acid molecules and between acetate and metallic cations are studied in aqueous solution, by ATR-IR, Raman and ab initio DFT/B3LYP calculations. A detailled ab initio study of the vibrational normal modes of isolated the cis monomer and two dimers, one linear and one cyclic, of CH(D)3COOH(D) is presented. The calculated variation of the normal modes in relation to the molecular perturbation by hydrogen bonds are useful data for the assignment of the experimental spectra of CH(D)3COOD, in diluted D2O solutions up to pure liquid, below 1900 cm-1. The suggested species distribution involves hydrated monomers, linear dimers, cyclic dimers, polymers and probably non-hydrated monomers. The acetate coordination with cations is mainly based on CO2 and CC stretching modes. With Pb(II), acetate is bidentate; with Al(III), at least two coordinations exist, bridging and pseudobridging
Alonso, Maria Silvia. "Étude des cinétiques de la dégradation anaérobie des acides volatils en réacteur fluidisé fermé : influence de la température". Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20040.
Texto completoJaouadi, Meyssa. "Étude d'un procédé hybride de séparation couplant l’électrodialyse à membrane bipolaire et l’échange d'ions : application à la valorisation de solutions diluées d'acide organique". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0208/document.
Texto completoThis work is dedicated to the study of a hybrid separation process involving bipolar membrane electrodialysis and ion exchange. This study is applied to the treatment of diluted effluents. The aim is first to acquire a theoretical understanding of transfer processes and mechanisms that affect energy consumption of this hybrid system. Then, in a more applied way, the objective is to be able to propose a cell configuration that allows to remove the acid from the treated solution by transferring it to a concentration compartment. This configuration must allow to obtain the highest purification rates as possible while minimizing energy consumption. Criteria aiming at optimizing ion exchange resins (strong or weak) in dilution compartment are proposed. The interest of the introduction of strong cationic resin under H+ form in the concentrated compartment is highlighted, as it enables reducing compartment resistance and hence energy consumption. Furthermore, experimental measurements successively conducted with “decoupled” and “coupled” systems identified resistive contributions of the different elements of the stack. This approach led to the determination of parameters of a model which predicts the resin bed electrical resistance in a given solution. Specific energy consumption (kWh/Kg transferred acid) was evaluated as a function of the desired purification rate. All the work led to recommendations for the cell design and for the choice of operating parameters
Gumuchian, Diane. "Développement et étude d'un procédé d'oxydation avancée de traitement de l'eau pour composés organiques résistants par couplage plasma/catalyse". Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066577/document.
Texto completoThis work enabled the development of a method of water treatment by plasma/catalysis coupling.The plasma treatments were carried out in two different reactors: a point/plane reactor and a dynamic reactor.Both reactors allow to control the gas atmosphere of the treatment. The feasibility of the degradation of aceticacid has been proven. Some processing parameters in the point/plane reactor (treatment gas, gas flow rate andfrequency of discharge) and the dynamic reactor (liquid phase flow, concentration of the pollutant and injectedpower) were studied.A modeling of the process using Comsol Multiphysics and Scilab softwares was conducted. It was possible toobserve the importance of the way active species (mainly hydroxyl radicals) are brought to the solution.A Co3O4 powder catalyst was studied in order to couple the plasma treatment with a catalytic treatment. Thus,manipulations of catalytic ozonation were conducted. They highlighted the efficiency of the catalyst for thedecomposition of pollutants.Finally, the plasma/catalysis coupling produced promising results, since it improved the decomposition ofpollutants.Possible improvements of the process could be to maximize the amount of high voltage electrodes and toredesign their shape (electrodes in parallel, plane geometry, etc.). Depositing a thin layer of catalyst on thegrounded electrode by PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) technique has to be performed
Amine, Jamal. "Contribution à l'étude du métabolisme carbone chez clostridium acetobutylicum : Influence des acides et influence de la source azotée". Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10267.
Texto completoYaakoub, Mfeddel. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'oxo-carboxylates de titane (IV) par diffraction des RX et RMN en solution ou à l'état solide". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/YAAKOUB_Mfeddel_2008.pdf.
Texto completoThis PhD thesis is devoted to a structural study of some titanium(IV) oxocarboxylate species synthesized by reacting titanium(IV) alkoxides with various carboxylic acids. The manuscript is made of three parts describing results obtained with saturated, unsaturated and halogenated carboxylic acids respectively. A new nomenclature is proposed allowing to classify with logic and rigor all the structures described both in literature and in this thesis. All the reported new compounds (a grand total of 27) were characterized through single-crystal X-ray diffraction and structurally described. Another major improvement was to perform in each case a detailed NMR study involving a wide range of techniques : solution NMR (1H and 13C), solid-sate NMR with cross-polarization and magic angle spinning (13C CP-MAS) as well 2D spectroscopies such as 1H DOSY and 1H-1H COSY. It was thus possible to check the stability or instability of the structures observed in the solid state after dissolution of crytalline species in CDCl3
Badeva, Diyana. "Elaboration et caractérisation de nanocomposites organiques à matrice de silicium poreux : exemple du Poly (3'-acide acétique -2,2' -5, 2'' ter tiophène) et de ses complexes". Nantes, 2010. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=e9a1aa92-93d9-4d34-bd60-d4270722cb24.
Texto completoThis work is realized in partnership between IMN in Nantes (France) and UCTM in Sofia (Bulgaria) financed by a French Government Scholarship. It consists in the elaboration and characterization of new nanocomposites based on a porous silicon matrix filled with polymers showing non linear optical properties used in the field of telecommunication. The tendency of communications networks is to use devices for ultrafast optical signal processing. Following à short bibliography, we present the first section of our work, which is the elaboration of porous silicon matrix from p and n doped silicon. This matrix must have a high porous volume, mesoporous diameter (20-50 nm) of the pores and the highest thickness. The morphology and the physicochemical characterization of our matrix are determined by different methods. In the second section we have optimized the chemical properties of the porous silicon surface by oxidation and surface modification with fluorinated and amino organosilanes to enhance the filling of the porous layer. Finally we have obtained a nanocomposite with a porous silicon matrix and poly (terthiophene-acetic-acid) and its complexes. The filling of the porous layer is realized by a new melting-based method. Primary measurements have been carried out to demonstrate the nonlinear optical properties of these nanocomposites
Farrera, Lucie. "Analyse de la communauté bactérienne et de la diversité inter et intra spécifique des bactéries acétiques et lactiques impliquées dans la fermentation de cacao selon trois origines géographiques". Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTG091.
Texto completoCocoa fermentation is a spontaneous fermentation that lasts 4 to 8 days. It is mainly based on the succession of three groups of microorganisms: yeasts, lactic acid bacteria and acetic bacteria that carry out respectively the alcoholic, lactic and acetic fermentation. The beans are sterile until the opening of the pod. The inoculation of the beans is usually naturally done using the environment around the pod opening and the fermentation process. Post-harvest treatment processes differ from one country to another and influence the fermentation progress. However, three species of lactic and acetic bacteria (L. plantarum, L. fermentum and A. pasteurianus) dominate the fermentations in all countries. On the other hand, their intraspecific diversity was rarely studied. In this study, we used the metabarcoding method to study the interspecific diversity of bacterial communities associated with the fermentation of cocoa beans in 3 countries: Mexico, Ivory Coast and Guyana. In addition, this method was used to identify the contribution of the surfaces related to the pre- and post-harvest environment of cocoa pods during the fermentation, which was carried out in Mexico. The dominance of the genera Lactobacillus and Acetobacter during fermentation in each country has been confirmed. In addition, the presence of country-specific genera was founded on the first day of fermentation. All the surfaces linked to the fermentation environment participate to the inoculation of the dominant genera. They act as bacterial tanks. A collection of lactic and acetic bacteria strains was produced. L. plantarum and A. pasteurianus were the most isolated species. Intra-specific diversity of A. pasteurianus strain was studied. For this, their genomic polymorphisms were analyzed using PCR amplification on repeated sequences and their biochemical characteristics were compared in a specific medium, simulating the conditions of the cocoa pulp at the 2nd day of fermentation. Our study showed that the strains of A. pasteurianus could be present in the three different countries. Some strains were distinguished for their greater affinity for lactic acid than the others, which is interesting in order to improve the organoleptic quality of the final cocoa. The results on intra-specific diversity allow us to propose potential candidates for the production of culture starters for the fermentation of cocoa beans
Klinpituksa, Pairote. "Modification chimique au deuxième degré de polyisoprènes-1,4 : application à la fixation d'un stimulateur de production du latex par l'hévéa : l'acide naphtalène acétique". Le Mans, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LEMA1009.
Texto completo