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Alsamarraie, Henin y Alexandra Clark. "ODP092 Guideline Adherence for Age-based Screening of Osteoporosis in Men at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center". Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (1 de noviembre de 2022): A163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.335.
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Abstract Background Osteoporosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in older women and men. Men with osteoporosis have higher fracture-related morbidity and mortality rates compared to women, but screening rates in men remain much lower. Moreover, there is limited veteran-specific data despite the suggestion that veterans may be at higher risk for osteoporosis. (1) Objective: To assess current dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) ordering practices within a veteran cohort. Design: A retrospective cohort study of male veterans aged71-75 years who were evaluated by a primary care provider (PCP) within the last 5 years (n = 13,174). Results DEXAs wereordered for ∼7% of the population (920/13,174), and 91.6% were completed (843/920). Over 60% of completed DEXAs were ordered due to the presence of risk factors (308/843, 36.5%), history of fractures (60/843, 7%), known osteopenia or osteoporosis (59/843, 7%), or osteopenia mentioned on another imaging modality (78/843, 9.3%), while only 33.5% (282/843) were ordered for screening purposes. Of those with DEXA results reported (838/843, 99.4%), 34.5% (289/838) were normal, 51% (427/838) were in the osteopenia range and 14.5% (122/838) were in the osteoporosis range. Regarding DEXAs obtained for screening purposes, 42% (118/282) were normal, 48% (136/282) were in the osteopenia range, and 10% (28/282) were in the osteoporosis range. Conclusions Despite the Endocrine Society and National Osteoporosis Foundation recommending screening men aged ≥70 years, less than 10% of male veterans eligible for osteoporosis screening based on age alone had a DEXA scan. Of those male veterans who received a DEXA for screening purposes, almost 60% were found to have an abnormal result. The lack of screening for osteoporosis in this population has the potential to worsen the disparity in bone health between men and women, and between veterans and non-veterans, making it difficult to determine the scope of a problem which has the potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality. References 1. Nahm ES et al. Osteoporosis Preventive Practice Between Veteran and Nonveteran Older Adults: Findings From Patient-Reported Data. Orthopedic Nursing. 2016 Nov/Dec;35(6): 401-410. Presentation: No date and time listed
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Classen, Annika, Carolin Jakob, Melanie Stecher, David Tobys, Ellen Piepenbrock, Udo Holtick, Christof Scheid, Oliver Cornely y Jörg Janne Vehreschild. "224. Epidemiology of Bloodstream infections in a Cohort of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients from 2009 to 2018". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (octubre de 2019): S130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.299.
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Abstract Background Due to severe immunosuppression, patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aSCT) are at increased risk of infection and especially bloodstream infections (BSI) remain a major cause of death. Knowledge of the specific epidemiology of pathogens and resistances is of utmost importance to optimize antimicrobial treatment strategies. Methods Based on the Cologne Cohort of Neutropenic Patients (CoCoNut) database, we conducted a retrospective analysis of blood cultures collected within 100 days following transplantation of patients undergoing aSCT between January 2009 and December 2018 at the University Hospital of Cologne, Germany. Contamination of coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) isolates (single positive isolate within 5 days) was considered within the analysis. Results In total, 843 aSCT patients were available for analysis (484/843 [57%] male). The median age was 53 (interquartile range [IQR] 43–62) years, predominant underlying diseases were acute myeloid leukemia (47%, 397/843), lymphoma (14%, 117/843), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (11%, 89/843). Median inpatient stay was 39 (IQR 34–50) days, while 67/843 (8%) patients died. Antibacterial prophylaxis was administered in 289/843 (34%) and antifungal prophylaxis in 738/843 (88%) patients. BSI was diagnosed in 233/843 (28%) patients. In total, 5,489 pairs of blood cultures were taken (median 4 per patient, IQR 2–8), while a pathogen could only be detected in 922/5,489 (17%). Most frequent pathogens were CoNS (259/922, 28%), Enterococcus spp. (219/922, 24%), E. coli (132/922, 14%), Klebsiella spp. (44/922, 5%), P. aeruginosa (39/922, 4%), S. aureus (37/922, 4%), and Candida spp. (42/922, 5%). Polymicrobial infection was detected in 58/922 (6%) cases. Within Enterococci isolates, 24/219 (11%) were VRE. None of the Klebsiella, but 9/132 (7%) of E. coli isolates were ESBL positive. In 4/37 (11%) cases S. aureus isolates were MRSA. Conclusion Patients in the early phase after aSCT are at high risk of BSI with a predominantly gram-positive spectrum. Empirical antimicrobial treatment must consider pathogen epidemiology and resistance patterns while waiting for blood culture results. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Mährle, Wolfgang y Günter Frank. "Rezension von: Günter Frank (Hg.): Philipp Melanchthon. Der Reformator zwischen Glauben und Wissen. Ein Handbuch". Zeitschrift für Württembergische Landesgeschichte 78 (20 de enero de 2022): 519–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53458/zwlg.v78i.1522.
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Philipp Melanchthon. Der Reformator zwischen Glauben und Wissen. Ein Handbuch, hg. von Günter Frank unter Mitarbeit von Axel Lange, Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter 2017. 843 S. ISBN 978-3-11-033505-7. € 149,95
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Masnick, Max y Surbhi Leekha. "Frequency and Predictors of Seasonal Influenza Vaccination and Reasons for Refusal Among Patients at a Large Tertiary Referral Hospital". Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 36, n.º 7 (16 de marzo de 2015): 841–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2015.56.
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We assessed frequency and predictors of seasonal influenza vaccination acceptance among inpatients at a large tertiary referral hospital, as well as reasons for vaccination refusal. Over 5 seasons, >60% of patients unvaccinated on admission refused influenza vaccination while hospitalized; “believes not at risk” was the reason most commonly given.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;36(7):841–843
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TSURTSUMIA, Mamuka. "Book review:Piotr L. GROTOWSKI. Arms and Armour of the Warrior Saints: Tradition and Innovation in Byzantine Iconography (843-1261). Translated by Richard Brzezinski. Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2010." BYZANTINA SYMMEIKTA 22 (13 de noviembre de 2012): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/byzsym.1085.
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<p style="text-align: center; line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'">Book review of:Piotr L. Grotowski. Arms and Armour of the Warrior Saints: Tradition and Innovation in Byzantine Iconography (843-1261). Translated by Richard Brzezinski. Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2010. pp. XXV, 483. ISBN 978 90 04 18548 7.</span></p><p style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36pt" class="MsoNormal"> </p>
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梁, 军利. "基于平行因子分析的信源四维参数联合估计". Chinese Science Bulletin 53, n.º 7 (1 de abril de 2008): 843–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/csb2008-53-7-843.
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Kettermann, Michael, Christoph von Hagke, Heijn W. van Gent, Christoph Grützner y Janos L. Urai. "Dilatant normal faulting in jointed cohesive rocks: a physical model study". Solid Earth 7, n.º 3 (27 de mayo de 2016): 843–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-7-843-2016.
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Abstract. Dilatant faults often form in rocks containing pre-existing joints, but the effects of joints on fault segment linkage and fracture connectivity are not well understood. We present an analogue modeling study using cohesive powder with pre-formed joint sets in the upper layer, varying the angle between joints and a rigid basement fault. We analyze interpreted map-view photographs at maximum displacement for damage zone width, number of connected joints, number of secondary fractures, degree of segmentation and area fraction of massively dilatant fractures. Particle imaging velocimetry provides insight into the deformation history of the experiments and illustrates the localization pattern of fault segments. Results show that with increasing angle between joint-set and basement-fault strike the number of secondary fractures and the number of connected joints increase, while the area fraction of massively dilatant fractures shows only a minor increase. Models without pre-existing joints show far lower area fractions of massively dilatant fractures while forming distinctly more secondary fractures.
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Girma, Gosa, Tsige Ketema y Ketema Bacha. "Microbial load and safety of paper currencies from some food vendors in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia". BMC Research Notes 7, n.º 1 (2014): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-7-843.
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Knöpfel, Thomas y Peter Fromherz. "Fluorescence Monitoring of Membrane Potentials: the Spatio-Temporal Resolution in Isolated Neurons of Helix pomatia". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 42, n.º 7-8 (1 de agosto de 1987): 986–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1987-7-843.
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Using amino-styryl-pyridinium dyes as fluorescent probes we have studied the membrane potential in spheroidal neurons isolated from the circumaesophageal ganglia of the snail Helix pomatia. A spatial resolution of 10 μm is attained at a time resolution of 2.5 ms with a typical signal-to-noise ratio of 10/100 mV as referred to an average sensitivity of the probes of 3%/ 100 mV and to a quantum yield of the detector of 0.13. The linear response of fluorescence, the effect of staining, the variation of sampled area and of illumination are characterized.
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濮, 祖荫, 继业 王, 超. 沈, 志为 马, 九苓 郭, 灵倩 张 y 振兴 刘. "地球磁层内近地磁尾流场的分布特性:探测一号卫星的观测结果". Chinese Science Bulletin 52, n.º 7 (1 de abril de 2007): 843–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/csb2007-52-7-843.
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XU, RuChu, WenQi HUANG y ZhangHua FU. "求解不等圆Packing 问题的带全局变换禁忌搜索算法". SCIENTIA SINICA Informationis 42, n.º 7 (1 de julio de 2012): 843–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/zf2012-42-7-843.
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Filipovic, M. D., J. L. Payne y P. A. Jones. "A radiocontinuum study of the supernova remnant MSH 11-61A". Serbian Astronomical Journal, n.º 170 (2005): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/saj0570047f.
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We present a high-resolution radio-continuum study of Galactic supernova remnant MSH11-61A. We combine moderate resolution X-ray, radio-continuum and CO data to study the morphology and kinematics of MSH 11-61A. We estimate the radio-continuum spectral index to be ?843?4850=- 0.33?0.07 based on our flux density measurements and also note that this SNR has significant 'turn?over' spectra at lower (29.9843 MHz) frequencies. The diameter of MSH1161A is estimated to be 12.5' with 'ear' extensions of 41 to the northwest and southeast. The striking anticorrelation between X-ray and radio-continuum images confirms a mixed-morphology classification of this remnant. The CO images are consistent with a distance reported by Rosado et al.(1996) of about 7 kpc. .
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Cohen, Caroline, Timothée Mouterde, David Quéré y Christophe Clanet. "Capillary muscle". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, n.º 20 (5 de mayo de 2015): 6301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1419315112.
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The contraction of a muscle generates a force that decreases when increasing the contraction velocity. This “hyperbolic” force–velocity relationship has been known since the seminal work of A. V. Hill in 1938 [Hill AV (1938) Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 126(843):136–195]. Hill’s heuristic equation is still used, and the sliding-filament theory for the sarcomere [Huxley H, Hanson J (1954) Nature 173(4412):973–976; Huxley AF, Niedergerke R (1954) Nature 173(4412):971–973] suggested how its different parameters can be related to the molecular origin of the force generator [Huxley AF (1957) Prog Biophys Biophys Chem 7:255–318; Deshcherevskiĭ VI (1968) Biofizika 13(5):928–935]. Here, we develop a capillary analog of the sarcomere obeying Hill’s equation and discuss its analogy with muscles.
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Pasman, Yfke y Azad Kaushik. "Partial organization of bovine variable-heavy chain gene locus and influence of recombination signal sequences (RSS) on various variable region gene expression (42.6)". Journal of Immunology 188, n.º 1_Supplement (1 de mayo de 2012): 42.6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.42.6.
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Abstract An attempt has been made to determine the organization of variable-heavy chain gene locus in cattle, based on 91% assembled Hereford cow genome sequence, where both functional VH and pseudogenes are identified on chromosome 7 and 21. Of a total of 13 VH genes identified unambiguously, 6 VH genes are located on chromosome 21 and 7 VH genes are present on chromosome 7. Interestingly, the functional VH genes are distributed on both chromosome 7 and 21 raising questions about VDJ recombination occurring on two different chromosomes (Hosseini, A. et al. 2004. Int. Immunol.16:843) or via as yet unidentified mechanism that possibly permitted allelic exclusion. The presence of 10 DH-genes in the Hereford genome is confirmed as earlier reported by our laboratory (Koti, M. et al. 2010. Mol Immunol. 47:2119). Come cryptic recombination signal sequences (RSS) seem to exist within the VH encoding region requiring elucidation of their role in VDJ recombination. Nevertheless, V-gene expression in bovine B cells is influenced by the composition of RSSs. These findings, especially the presence of variable heavy chain locus on two chromosomes, raise fundamental questions about the phenomenon and mechanisms of allelic exclusion in bovine B cells.
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Buxton, Michelle, Michael Bessell y Bob Watson. "The MSSSO Wide Field CCD Hα Imaging Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 15, n.º 1 (1998): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as98024.
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AbstractA wide-field Hα survey of the Galactic Plane has been initiated by Mount Stromlo & Siding Spring Observatories in collaboration with the University of Sydney. The primary aim of the survey is to obtain images of the Galactic Plane in Hα and red continuum filters which will be compared with radio continuum images at 843 MHz from the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST). The secondary aim is to obtain images in [OIII] and [SII] to provide additional information on the nature of excitation in HII regions. Thirdly, additional images will be taken in B, V and I of interesting areas suitable for general publications as coloured reproductions. The images are taken with a 400 mm f/4·5 Nikkor-Q lens in conjunction with a 2K×2K SITe thinned CCD. The resolution is 12″ per pixel and the pixel size is 24 μm giving a 7°×7° field of view. Hα and red continuum observations are expected to be completed by the end of 1997. It is planned to make the results from the survey available on CD ROM and possibly video.
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Rojewski, Alana M., Lisa M. Fucito, Stephen Baldassarri, Andrew Hyland, K. Michael Cummings y Benjamin A. Toll. "Nicotine Replacement Therapy Use Predicts Smoking and Drinking Outcomes among Heavy-Drinking Smokers Calling a Tobacco Quitline". Journal of Smoking Cessation 12, n.º 2 (10 de mayo de 2016): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jsc.2016.12.
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Introduction: Suboptimal use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) may pose a significant barrier to smokers attempting to quit. We examined NRT use as a predictor of smoking abstinence and heavy drinking in a randomised trial of hazardous drinkers who contacted the NY State Smokers’ quitline for smoking cessation assistance.Methods: Participants (N = 1,948) received either Tobacco Only Counselling or Alcohol + Tobacco Counselling (ATC), both in addition to a 2-week supply of NRT. NRT use, smoking status, and heavy drinking days were assessed by self-report at the 7-month follow-up.Results: Of those smokers who completed the 7-month follow-up (N = 843), 53.1% used all of the NRT and 40.6% used some. Those who used all of the NRT were more likely to be abstinent from smoking than those who used some, and more likely to report no heavy drinking days than those who used some or none.Conclusions: Approximately half of the heavy drinking smokers calling the quitline are willing to use the 2-week supply of free NRT, and most will at least try it. Those who reported using all of the NRT were more likely to report smoking abstinence and no heavy drinking days at the 7-month follow-up.
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Ayzel, Georgy. "OpenForecast v2: Development and Benchmarking of the First National-Scale Operational Runoff Forecasting System in Russia". Hydrology 8, n.º 1 (6 de enero de 2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8010003.
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Operational national-scale hydrological forecasting systems are widely used in many countries for flood early warning systems and water management. However, this kind of system has never been implemented in Russia. OpenForecast v2—the first national-scale operational runoff forecasting system in Russia—has been developed and deployed to fill this gap. OpenForecast v2 delivers 7 day-ahead streamflow forecasts for 843 gauges across Russia. The verification study has been carried out using 244 gauges for which operational streamflow data were openly available and quality-controlled for the entire verification period (14 March–6 July 2020). The results showed that the developed system provides reliable and skillful runoff forecasts for up to one week. The benchmark testing against climatology and persistence forecasts showed that the system provides skillful predictions for most analyzed basins. OpenForecast v2 is in operational use and is openly available on the Internet.
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Derahman, Aishah y Zurina Zainal Abidin. "Optimization of the Epoxidation Process Parameters of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters using RSM Central Composite Design". Scientific Research Journal 19, n.º 1 (28 de febrero de 2022): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v19i1.14105.
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The objective of this study was to optimize the epoxidation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) derived from Jatropha oil. This experiment was carried out with peracetic acid generated in situ by using hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid. A response surface methodology (RSM) central composite design (CCD) was used, with one response variable, the percentage (%) of epoxidation yield. The factors evaluated were temperature (50-80°C), the molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide (HP) to unsaturation (1.1-2 mol), the molar ratio of acetic acid (AA) to unsaturation (0.5-0.8 mol), and time (2-7 hours). The optimum percentage of epoxidation yield (90.98%) was at the condition of 65°C reaction temperature, HP to unsaturation molar ratio of 2.19, AA to unsaturation molar ratio of 0.65 for 6 hours. The formation of epoxides product (oxirane) was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy oxirane peaks (doublet) at 825 and 843 cm-1. The result showed good agreement with the predicted values from the RSM model.
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Telek, Béla, László Rejtő, Péter Batár, Zsófia Miltényi, Gyula Reményi, Zsófia Simon, Zsófia Ujj et al. "Az akut myeloid leukaemia gyógyszeres kezelése. Jelenlegi lehetőségek, jövőbeli kilátások". Orvosi Hetilap 157, n.º 22 (mayo de 2016): 843–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2016.30433.
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Acute myelogenous leukemia is a heterogeneous disease. Recent molecular mutational analysis techniques have shed more light on different, genetically well characterised types of the disease. Treatment approach is uniform except for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Application of the “3 + 7” induction treatment has been the gold standard in the past 40 years. While the dose of cytarabine has not been changed, escalating daunorubicine dose in younger (<60 years) patients with good performance status to 90 mg/m2 had a positive impact on overall survival. High dose chemotherapy is tolerated poorly in patients older than 60 years of age and, as treatment is not curative in the elderly, improvement of overall survival and quality of life remains the main goal of management in these patients. Low intensity treatment is beneficial and can provide additional advantage over supportive care. Innovative and targeted therapy approaches might give promise to better management of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(22), 843–848.
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Subbulakshmi, S. "Effect of early sowing on growth and yield of blackgram varieties under rainfed condition". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 18, n.º 1 (15 de enero de 2022): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/18.1/489-495.
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The field experiments was conducted during 2014-15 in Rabi season (October - December) at Agricultural Research station, Kovilpatti to identify the optimum time of sowing and best suitable blackgram variety for rainfed vertisols. Experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications. The treatment combinations comprised of three dates of sowing viz., 39th, 41st and 43rd standard weeks (pre- monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon sowing, respectively) in main plot with four different black gram varieties viz., Vamban (Bg) 6 and Vamban (Bg) 7, NUL 7 and CO 5 in the sub plot. The results revealed that sowing during 39th standard week (pre- monsoon-D1) registered increased growth and yield parameters viz., plant height (26.8 cm), DMP (2455 kg ha-1), LAI (4.0), No. of pods/plant (20.4 nos.), No. of seeds/pod (4.2 nos.), 100 seed weight (4.5 g), which reflected on increased grain yield. Accumulated Growing Degree Day (AGDD) (1247) and Accumulated Helio Thermal Unit (AHTU) (5845), total amount of rainfall (293.5) received also higher under pre-monsoon sown crop which results in higher biomass and increased grain yield (885 kg ha-1). Similarly among the varieties tried, CO 5 registered higher growth and yield attributes which reflected on increased grain yield (843 kg ha-1) which was followed by NUL 7 (790 kg ha-1).
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Bartkowiak, Sylwia, Jan M. Konarski, Ryszard Strzelczyk, Jarosław Janowski, Małgorzata Karpowicz y Robert M. Malina. "Physical Fitness of Rural Polish School Youth: Trends Between 1986 and 2016". Journal of Physical Activity and Health 18, n.º 7 (1 de julio de 2021): 789–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2020-0712.
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Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate secular changes in the physical fitness of rural school youth, 7–15 years, in west-central Poland between 1986 and 2016. Methods: The fitness of cross-sectional samples of school youth resident in the same 10 communities was evaluated in 4 decennial surveys: 1986—1417 boys/1326 girls; 1996—979 boys/947 girls; 2006—871 boys/843 girls; and 2016—1189 boys/1105 girls. Five tests evaluated speed (5-m run), agility (figure 8 run), explosive power (vertical jump), flexibility (stand and reach), and cardiovascular fitness (modified Harvard step test). Age- and sex-specific descriptive statistics were calculated by survey, while differences among surveys were compared in 3 broad age groups (7–9, 10–12, and 13–15 y) using analysis of variance with age and age squared as covariates. Results: Speed and flexibility declined, while the jump and step test index changed variably across surveys. Although agility improved across surveys, the major improvement occurred between 1986 and 1996. Conclusions: Performances of rural school youth on 5 tests of physical fitness changed significantly, but, variably, between 1986 and 2016. The results were generally consistent with other studies of Polish school youth that spanned a similar interval.
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Pearson, David. "Imagery. John T. E. Richardson. The Psychology Press, Hove, East Sussex, 1999. No. of pages 168. ISBN 0-86377-843-7. Price £11.95 (paperback)." Applied Cognitive Psychology 13, n.º 5 (octubre de 1999): 491–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0720(199910)13:5<491::aid-acp644>3.0.co;2-h.
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JANIEC, J., M. R. EVANS, D. R. THOMAS, G. H. DAVIES y H. LEWIS. "Laboratory-based surveillance ofCampylobacterandSalmonellainfection and the importance of denominator data". Epidemiology and Infection 140, n.º 11 (5 de enero de 2012): 2045–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268811002822.
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SUMMARYLaboratory data are the cornerstone in surveillance of infectious disease. We investigated whether changes in reported incidence ofCampylobacterandSalmonellainfection might be explained by changes in stool sampling rates. Data were extracted from a national database on 585 843 patient stool samples tested by microbiology laboratories in Wales between 1998 and 2008.Salmonellaincidence fell from 43 to 19 episodes/100 000 population butCampylobacterincidence after declining from 111/100 000 in 1998 to 84/100 000 in 2003 rose to 119/100 000 in 2008. The proportion of the population sampled rose from 2·0% in 1998 to 2·8% in 2008, mostly due to increases in samples from hospital patients and older adults. The proportion of positive samples declined for bothSalmonellaandCampylobacterfrom 3·1% to 1·1% and from 8·9% to 7·5%, respectively. The decline inSalmonellaincidence is so substantial that it is not masked even by increased stool sampling, but the recent rise inCampylobacterincidence may be a surveillance artefact largely due to the increase in stool sampling in older people.
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Stonkutė, Rima y Vladas Vansevičius. "Subaru Suprime-Cam Wide-field BVI Stellar Photometry of the M33 Galaxy". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 273, n.º 2 (24 de julio de 2024): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad566e.
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Abstract We have surveyed the complete extent of the disk of M33—a gas-rich low-mass dwarf spiral galaxy in the Local Group. The B-, V-, and I-passband (the Johnson–Cousins system) CCD images (typical seeing ∼0.″8) were obtained with the Subaru Telescope equipped with the Suprime-Cam mosaic camera. The wide-field (∼1.°0 × 1.°5) catalog of 803,095 (15 ≤ V ≤ 25) starlike objects, measured using the point-spread function and aperture photometry techniques, is presented. We determined the distance modulus of M33 using the tip of the red giant branch (I TRGB = 20.64 ± 0.02) as a reference point of (m − M)0 = 24.63 ± 0.02stat ± 0.06syst (843 kpc). We found young (≲100 Myr) stellar populations residing up to the deprojected radius of ∼10 kpc. The scale length of the young main-sequence (MS) star surface-number density in the range of radial distances from 7 to 9 kpc is 0.53 ± 0.03 kpc. The youngest MS stars (≲15 Myr) reside up to the radius of ∼8 kpc. This distribution of stellar populations may suggest an outside-in scenario of recent star formation in the disk of M33.
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Chen, X. B., S. A. Abdulrazak, W. J. Shand y E. R. Ørskov. "The effect of supplementing straw with barley or unmolassed sugar-beet pulp on microbial protein supply in sheep estimated from urinary purine derivative excretion". Animal Science 55, n.º 3 (diciembre de 1992): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100021103.
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AbstractFour sheep (live weight 39 to 42 kg) fitted with rumen cannulas were offered ammonia-treated barley straw alone (control) or supplemented with unmolassed sugar-beet pulp or rolled barley at 0·20 or 0·40 of the total diet on a fresh weight basis (SBP20, SBP40, B20 and B40, respectively) using a 4 × 5 randomized block design. Total diet intakes were 710, 873, 1054, 843 and 1021 g dry matter per day for control, SBP20, SBP40, B20 and B40 respectively. The intake of straw was depressed significantly with SBP40 and B40 (P < 0·05). Rumen pH and ammonia concentration decreased, and total volatile fatty acid concentrations increased (P < 0·05) with increasing level of supplementation for both supplements. Rumen liquid outflow rate was affected little by the supplementation although this measurement for B40 was significantly higher than that for the other treatments. Microbial protein supply, estimated from urinary excretion of purine derivatives, increased significantly with the increasing amounts of supplements (4·5, 6·7, 8·5, 7·1 and 9·0 (s.e.d. 0·73) g N per day for control, SBP20, SBP40, B20 and B40 respectively) (P < 0·05). The calculated efficiency of microbial protein production was 12·8, 14·2, 14·3, 15·7 and 14·5 (s.e.d. 1·45) g N per kg digestible organic matter intake (DOMI) for the five treatments. Although this value was lowest with the control, differences between treatments were not significant (P > 0·05). It seems that microbial protein yield per unit DOMI for a diet based on ammonia-treated straw could not be improved substantially by supplementation with sugar-beet pulp or barley.
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Meggendorfer, Manja, Christiane Eder, Sabine Jeromin, Claudia Haferlach, Wolfgang Kern, Torsten Haferlach y Susanne Schnittger. "Comprehensive Analysis Of U2AF1 Mutations In 843 Patients With Myeloid Neoplasms With Respect To Other Genetic Alterations". Blood 122, n.º 21 (15 de noviembre de 2013): 4973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.4973.4973.
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Abstract Introduction Genes affecting the splicing machinery have been found to be frequently mutated in MDS patients. U2AF1 codes for one of these splicing components, showing two distinct mutational hot spots at amino acids Ser34 and Gln157. Mutations in U2AF1 induce global abnormalities in RNA splicing, producing intron containing unspliced RNAs. U2AF1 has been shown to be most frequently mutated in MDS cases (7-11%), but was so far investigated only in small subsets of AML and MPN and was found rarely mutated. Aim To determine the frequency of U2AF1 mutations (U2AF1mut) in different myeloid entities and to evaluate the correlation of U2AF1mut with other gene mutations, cytogenetics and clinical features. Patients and Methods The total cohort consisted of 843 patients, whereof 74 were diagnosed as AML, 201 as MDS, 243 as MPN, and 325 as MDS/MPN overlap. 331 patients were female, 512 male. Cytogenetics was available in 830 patients and these were grouped by the following karyotypes: normal karyotype (n=561), +8 (n=39), -7 (n=15), del(20q) (n=95), -Y (n=29), other aberrations (n=59), and complex karyotype (n=32). Based on the previously described association of U2AF1mut with del(20q) there was an intended selection bias to this abnormality. Mutational analyses for U2AF1 were performed by either melting curve analyses or next generation sequencing. In subcohorts we investigated mutations in ASXL1 (n=505), CBL (n=647), CEBPA (n=68), CSF3R (n=213), DNMT3A (n=260), ETV6 (n=129), EZH2 (n=355), FLT3-ITD (n=352), FLT3-TKD (n=239), IDH1/2 (n=367 and 286, respectively), JAK2 (n=681), KITD816 (n=244), KRAS (n=393), MLL-PTD (n=384), MPLW515 (n=612), NPM1 (n=477), NRAS (n=509), RUNX1 (n=516), SETBP1 (n=336), SF3B1 (n=839), SRSF2 (n=784), TET2 (n=428), and TP53 (n=239) by Sanger sequencing, next generation sequencing, gene scan, or melting curve analysis. Results In the total cohort we detected U2AF1 mutations in 55/843 (6.5%) patients, the two mutational hot spots were equally affected with 29 p.Ser34 and 26 p.Gln157 mutations, respectively. Mutation frequencies were 10.9% in MDS, 9.5% in AML, 7.1% in MDS/MPN overlap and 1.2% in MPN. U2AF1mut patients were older (median: 72.6 vs. 71.8 years; p=0.012), the mutation was more frequent in males (42/512 (8.2%) vs. 13/331 (3.9%) in females; p=0.015) and associated with lower hemoglobin levels (median: 9.5 vs. 11.0g/dL; p<0.001), and platelet counts (median: 78x109/L vs. 179x109/L; p=0.002). Regarding cytogenetics we found a high association of U2AF1mut to del(20q): in 18 of 95 cases (18.9%) with del(20q) a U2AF1 mutation was detected compared to 37 U2AF1mut in 735 cases (5.0%) with any other karyotype (p<0.001). This was true for AML (5/16 vs. 2/56; p=0.005), MDS (11/49 vs. 11/150; p=0.007) and MDS/MPN overlap cases (1/8 vs. 21/309; p=0.441). In contrast in MPN none of the 21 del(20q) patients showed a U2AF1 mutation compared to 18/74 in all other entities (p=0.01). Mutations in the two other genes of the splicing machinery, SF3B1 and SRSF2, occurred in 122/839 (14.5%) and 198/784 (25.3%) cases and were mutually exclusive with U2AF1mut. Only one case each showed an U2AF1mut and a SF3B1 (p=0.002) or SRSF2 (p<0.001) mutation. We furthermore analyzed a number of other gene mutations frequently mutated in myeloid entities and their association to U2AF1mut. There was no correlation to mutations in NPM1, FLT3-ITD and FLT3-TKD, MLL-PTD, and CEBPA in AML patients. In MDS patients there was also no correlation to mutations in ASXL1,ETV6, EZH2, TP53, RUNX1, NRAS, and KRAS. This was also true for JAK2, MPL, CBL, and TET2 mutations in MPN. However in MDS/MPN overlap patients U2AF1mut were more frequently found in cases with ASXL1mut (14/115 (12.2%) in ASXL1mut vs. 7/179 (3.9%) in ASXL1wt; p=0.01) and together with KITD816mut (3/10 (30%) in KITD816mut vs. 15/212 (7%) in KITD816wt; p=0.038). Conclusion 1) U2AF1 is most frequently mutated in MDS, followed by AML and MDS/MPN overlap and in contrast rarely mutated in MPN. 2) U2AF1mut highly correlates with del(20q) in MDS, AML and MDS/MPN overlap but not in MPN cases. 3) In MDS/MPN overlap U2AF1mut associates significantly with ASXL1mut and KITD816mut. Disclosures: Meggendorfer: MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Eder:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Jeromin:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Haferlach:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment, Equity Ownership. Kern:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment, Equity Ownership. Haferlach:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment, Equity Ownership. Schnittger:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment, Equity Ownership.
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Bashkatov, D. A., D. S. Mordovkin, I. N. Chmyrev y E. S. Zakharov. "Stage fuel combustion as an effective method to decrease metal losses in reheating furnaces". Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 75, n.º 7 (8 de agosto de 2019): 840–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2019-7-840-843.
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In the process of metal reheating before rolling, its losses as a result of high temperature oxidation (metal losses) reach 1–2%. At that the heat transfer for the flame jet to the metal decreases, which results in an increase of fuel consumption and increase of danger of surface defects formation. One of the ways to decrease metal losses in the form of scale during heating due to the organization of the stage burning of fuel considered. This principle implies creation of a neutral or reducing atmosphere of the furnace in the end zones in the direction of metal movement. This is achieved by supplying less amount of air to these zones than necessary for the complete combustion of the fuel. Afterburning of fuel occurs in the first zones of the furnace. Thus, the amount of air required for complete combustion of the fuel does not change and there is no increase in the formation of CO emissions. The technology implementation has been carried out on a reheating furnace equipped with instruments for monitoring the atmospheric composition along the entire furnace length. The values of the excess air factors were varied within the existing process schedule. The application of the stage mode on three walking beam furnaces of a wide-strip hot rolling mill made it possible to reduce metal losses to scale by an average of 9.3% (1.3 kg/t). At the same time, there were no cases of deterioration of other parameters of the heating process, such as fuel consumption, heating quality, formation of hard-to-remove scale.
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Batsokin, A. O. "Practical aspects of artificial intelligence application in formation of competence model (on the example of railway industry)". Economics and Management 29, n.º 7 (18 de agosto de 2023): 843–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2023-7-843-850.
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Aim. To determine the potential of practical application of neural networks as a tool to form a model of competencies of JSC “RZD” employees who provide operation of railway infrastructure objects.Tasks. To estimate the quality of the structure, description and level of detail of the competence model formed by a neural network by means of comparison with traditional sources containing requirements to the competence of a track mounting workman position.Methods. The theoretical (analysis, modeling, specification, classification) and empirical (comparison, description, content analysis) general scientific research methods formed the methodological basis. The generation of the competence model by means of artificial intelligence was carried out with the help of the software complex based on neural networks.Results. The structure and description of the competencies generated by the neural network correspond on the whole to the competency model of a track fitter and unified corporate requirements for the employees of JSC “RZD”. At the same time, the description of some professional competences is insufficient, which indicates the need to form an additional clarifying query to the neural network. The corporate competencies, defined by the neural network, are described in detail and contain more competencies, than the existing model of JSC “RZD” employees’ competencies.Conclusions. In order to prepare a competency model, neural networks serve as an effective tool, which allows to ensure the proper quality of competency structure generation and description. The universality of this approach lies in the possibility to generate a competency model for any position regardless of the industry. The level of inclusiveness of neural networks increases with the development of digital environment, which ensures their accessibility in practice.
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Albani, Viviana, Laurie T. Butler, W. Bruce Traill y Orla B. Kennedy. "Fruit and vegetable intake: change with age across childhood and adolescence". British Journal of Nutrition 117, n.º 5 (14 de marzo de 2017): 759–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114517000599.
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AbstractEating fruit and vegetables (FV) offers important health benefits for children and adolescents, but their average intake is low. To explore if negative trends with age exist as children grow, this study modelled differences in FV consumption from childhood to young adulthood. A pseudo-panel was constructed using years 1–4 (combined) of the Rolling Programme of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) (2008/2009–2011/2012). Intake of FV in the NDNS was recorded using 4-d unweighted food diaries. The data consisted of 2131 observations of individuals aged 2–23 years. Age-year-cohort decomposition regression analyses were used to separate age effects from year and cohort effects in the data. Total energy intake was included to account for age differences in overall energy consumption. Fruit intake started to decrease from the age of 7 years for boys and girls, and reached its lowest level during adolescence. By 17 years, boys were consuming 0·93 (P=0·037) less fruit portions compared with the age of 2 years. By 15 years, girls were consuming 0·8 fruit portions less (P=0·053). Vegetable intake changed little during childhood and adolescence (P=0·0834 andP=0·843 for change between 7 and 12 years, boys and girls, respectively). There was unclear evidence of recovery of FV intakes in early adulthood. Efforts to improve FV intake should consider these trends, and focus attention on the factors influencing intake across childhood and adolescence in order to improve the nutritional quality of diets during these periods.
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Fu, Jian, Yi Gao y Li Shi. "Combination therapy with rifaximin and lactulose in hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis". PLOS ONE 17, n.º 4 (26 de abril de 2022): e0267647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267647.
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Rifaximin and lactulose are widely used in patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE); however, data on whether the combined use of rifaximin and lactulose could yield additional benefits for patients with HE are limited and inconclusive. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the treatment effectiveness of rifaximin plus lactulose versus lactulose alone in patients with HE. Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched for eligible RCTs from their inception until November 2020. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to calculate pooled effect estimates for the treatment effectiveness of rifaximin plus lactulose versus lactulose alone by using the random-effects model. Sensitivity, subgroup, and publication bias analyses were also performed. We included 7 RCTs enrolling 843 patients with HE. We noted that the use of rifaximin plus lactulose was associated with an increased incidence of effective rate than lactulose alone (RR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10–1.53; P = 0.002). Moreover, the use of rifaximin plus lactulose was associated with a reduced risk of mortality as compared with lactulose alone (RR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.41–0.80; P = 0.001). This study found that the use of rifaximin in combination with lactulose could provide additional benefits in terms of increased effective rate and decreased mortality than lactulose alone in patients with HE.
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Fu, Jian, Yi Gao y Li Shi. "Combination therapy with rifaximin and lactulose in hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis". PLOS ONE 17, n.º 4 (26 de abril de 2022): e0267647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267647.
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Rifaximin and lactulose are widely used in patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE); however, data on whether the combined use of rifaximin and lactulose could yield additional benefits for patients with HE are limited and inconclusive. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the treatment effectiveness of rifaximin plus lactulose versus lactulose alone in patients with HE. Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched for eligible RCTs from their inception until November 2020. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to calculate pooled effect estimates for the treatment effectiveness of rifaximin plus lactulose versus lactulose alone by using the random-effects model. Sensitivity, subgroup, and publication bias analyses were also performed. We included 7 RCTs enrolling 843 patients with HE. We noted that the use of rifaximin plus lactulose was associated with an increased incidence of effective rate than lactulose alone (RR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10–1.53; P = 0.002). Moreover, the use of rifaximin plus lactulose was associated with a reduced risk of mortality as compared with lactulose alone (RR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.41–0.80; P = 0.001). This study found that the use of rifaximin in combination with lactulose could provide additional benefits in terms of increased effective rate and decreased mortality than lactulose alone in patients with HE.
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Suárez Suárez, Miguel Ángel, Roser Calaf Masachs, Sué Gutiérrez Berciano y Antonio Urbano Contreras. "Investigación evaluativa de visitas escolares: hacia la profesionalización del educador de museos". Revista Complutense de Educación 32, n.º 4 (7 de julio de 2021): 515–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rced.70725.
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En la última década en España se ha producido, dentro de la Educación Patrimonial, un impulso notable en la investigación evaluativa aplicada a programas educativos de museos y otras instituciones patrimoniales. Sin embargo, uno de los ámbitos que aún no se han desarrollado tiene que ver con la profesionalización de los educadores de museos. En este sentido, se plantea un estudio que indaga en las visitas guiadas y la interacción educador-públicos escolares. El objetivo es identificar factores que intervienen en su desarrollo para contribuir a la definición de un colectivo que, aun siendo esencial, no goza de reconocimiento profesional pleno. Así, contando con 3 observadores no participantes, se han realizado 40 seguimientos de visitas guiadas en 7 museos de Asturias de temática histórica. Los participantes han sido grupos escolares desde 1º de Primaria a 2º de Bachillerato (843 estudiantes) y 18 educadores. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la importancia de a) la formación inicial de los educadores y su coherencia con la temática del museo; b) la experiencia profesional en el museo y la estabilidad laboral; c) el curso de los escolares y la vinculación entre el trabajo del aula y la temática del museo. Estos hallazgos pueden servir para abrir nuevas líneas de investigación que profundicen en la profesionalización de los educadores y contribuyan a mejorar la calidad educativa en contextos no formales.
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Farah, W., C. Flynn, M. Bailes, A. Jameson, T. Bateman, D. Campbell-Wilson, C. K. Day et al. "Five new real-time detections of fast radio bursts with UTMOST". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 488, n.º 3 (4 de julio de 2019): 2989–3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1748.
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Abstract We detail a new fast radio burst (FRB) survey with the Molonglo Radio Telescope, in which six FRBs were detected between 2017 June and 2018 December. By using a real-time FRB detection system, we captured raw voltages for five of the six events, which allowed for coherent dedispersion and very high time resolution (10.24 $\mu$s) studies of the bursts. Five of the FRBs show temporal broadening consistent with interstellar and/or intergalactic scattering, with scattering time-scales ranging from 0.16 to 29.1 ms. One burst, FRB181017, shows remarkable temporal structure, with three peaks each separated by 1 ms. We searched for phase-coherence between the leading and trailing peaks and found none, ruling out lensing scenarios. Based on this survey, we calculate an all-sky rate at 843 MHz of $98^{+59}_{-39}$ events sky−1 d−1 to a fluence limit of 8 Jy ms: a factor of 7 below the rates estimated from the Parkes and ASKAP telescopes at 1.4 GHz assuming the ASKAP-derived spectral index α = −1.6 (Fν ∝ να). Our results suggest that FRB spectra may turn over below 1 GHz. Optical, radio, and X-ray follow-up has been made for most of the reported bursts, with no associated transients found. No repeat bursts were found in the survey.
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Bolod, Svetlana O., Lyudmila A. Karasaeva y Yulia V. Mechtanova. "Analysis of the need for rehabilitation measures for children with disabled living in boarding schools in Moscow". Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation 26, n.º 1 (29 de noviembre de 2023): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/mser610626.
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BACKGROUND: The low efficiency in restoring impaired functions and overcoming of limitations in daily activity in children with disabilities living in children’s psychoneurological boarding houses in Moscow determined the relevance of the study.
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to examine the contents of individual rehabilitation or habilitation programs developed in the Federal State Institution “Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in the Moscow Region” of the Ministry of Labor of Russia for 2019–2021 for disabled children living in children’s psychoneurological boarding houses and determine the need for rehabilitation services to make changes and additions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included a population of disabled children in the Moscow’s children’s homes (n=843) (sources: certificates of examination, individual rehabilitation or habilitation programs for 2019–2021, and statistical reporting forms № 7-D [Sobes]). An analysis of the contents of individual rehabilitation or habilitation programs and the need for rehabilitation measures was conducted.
RESULTS: The contingent of children with disabilities living in children’s psychoneurological boarding houses included children with varying degrees of disability, resulting from persistent disorders impairing body function. The dynamics of 2019–2021 revealed need for complex rehabilitation, including medical, sociopsychological, and sociocultural rehabilitation measures.
CONCLUSION: The obtained data indicate the need to study ways to improve the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures to assess implementation results at each stage and their timely actualization.
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Ayed Alshammary, Sami, Yahya Assiri, Reema AlRasheed, Yacoub Abuzied, Igbal Abelati Mahgoub y Khalid Alqumizi. "Satisfaction and Experience of Palliative Patients with 24/7 Hotline Service During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia". Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies 3 (6 de enero de 2022): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-8808/085.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted a number of shifts on healthcare. Conventional face-to-face visits were shifted during lockdown to virtual ones. Palliative care (PC) virtual visits have had high satisfaction rates, especially with patients in remote areas. Due to a number of factors, further studies are needed to develop tools that can be helpful and cost effective in improving patient’s quality of life. Objective: Our aim is to learn the main reasons palliative patients in Saudi Arabia sought help via calling the free 24/7 hotline and to discuss the hotline’s satisfaction and effectiveness in solving the palliative patient’s concerns during COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional sample analysis was obtained from 214 patients from different regions in Saudi Arabia. A total number of 843 calls were made to the 24/7 PC hotlines from the period of 17 April 2020 to 28 February 2021, shortly after COVID-19 pandemic began. The purpose of the call, the caller's relationship to the patient, the status of the complaint, and the satisfaction rate were collected at the end of the call through a voluntary phone survey. Results: The primary reasons that palliative patients called the hotline were: 30% for medication refills, (n=247), 24.7% for medical complaints, (n=205), 15.8% were for booking a new appointment (n=131). Patients themselves accounted for 27.8% of the callers and patient’s sons/daughters accounted for 51.3%. 85% of patients said that their issue had been resolved by the end of the call and 89% of our sample were happy with the service provided through the hotline. Conclusion: The 24/7 hotline service for PC patients in Saudi Arabia was successful in its application and resulted in a high level of satisfaction among a wide sample of participants. The main reasons palliative patients reached out were to request medication refills, seek assistance with a medical complaint, and to book a new appointment. Our hotline service effectively solved 85% of patients' issues.
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Kim, Sang-A., Ji-Won Kim, Koung Jin Suh, Jin Won Kim, Heung-Kwon Oh, Jai Young Cho, Duck-Woo Kim et al. "Liver and/or lung metastasectomy after cetuximab or bevacizumab+FOLFIRI chemotherapy in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, n.º 4_suppl (1 de febrero de 2018): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.843.
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843 Background: Some mCRC pts who have liver and/or lung metastases (LLMs) could achieve cure after palliative chemotherapy and conversion surgery (CS) including metastasectomy. Though targeted agents including bevacizumab and cetuximab significantly improved outcomes in mCRC pts, the effect of targeted agents on cure rate after CS has not yet been thoroughly investigated. Methods: We analyzed clinical data of mCRC pts who initially had unresectable LLMs regardless of their size and number and underwent first-line cetuximab or bevacizumab+FOLFIRI. Pts who had metastasis other than liver and lung were excluded. Results: From January 2013 to May 2016, 87 pts (male, 56) were consecutively enrolled: liver-limited metastasis in 42 pts (48.3%), lung-limited metastasis in 17 pts (19.5%), and both liver and lung metastases in 28 pts (32.2%). Median age was 62 years (range, 37-85). K-RAS or N-RAS mutation was detected in 39 pts (46.4%) and B-RAF in 2 pts (3.1%) among mutation evaluated pts. Among them, 35 pts (40.2%) received cetuximab+FOLFIRI and the others (N = 52, 59.8%), bevacizumab+FOLFIRI. Median follow-up time was 20.0 months (range, 1.9-49.1). Response rate was 65.7% in the cetuximab group (CET) and 42.3% in the bevacizumab group (BEV) ( p= 0.032). Median progression-free survival was 19.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.2-27.1) in CET and 14.1 months (95% CI, 11.5-16.8) in BEV ( p= 0.249). CS was performed in 24 pts (27.6%) after median 8.7 months (range, 2.5-27.3) after initiation of chemotherapy. In CET, 11 pts (31.4%) including 8 pts with partial response (PR) and 3 pts with stable disease (SD) underwent CS and all (100%) attained R0. In BEV, 13 pts (25%) including 6 pts with PR and 7 pts with SD received CS and 11 of them (84.6%) achieved R0. Among pts with R0 resection, median disease-free survival (DFS) was 8.8 months (95% CI, 4.9-12.7) in CET and 3.2 months (95% CI, 0.0-7.4) in BEV ( p= 0.326). Conclusions: A substantial proportion of pts could receive CS after cetuximab or bevacizumab+FOLFIRI chemotherapy. CET tended to show higher rate of CS. However, the median DFS after R0 resection was not significantly different between the two groups.
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O'Halloran, D. J., P. M. Jones, M. A. Ghatei y S. R. Bloom. "Rat anterior pituitary neuropeptides following chronic prolactin manipulation: a combined radioimmunoassay and mRNA study". Journal of Endocrinology 131, n.º 3 (diciembre de 1991): 411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1310411.
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ABSTRACT Prolactin secretion is highly regulable, and the possibility exists that there are local intrapituitary factors controlling prolactin secretion. Recently, the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), galanin and substance P (SP) have been co-localized to the lactotroph in the female rat. We investigated the effects of alterations in prolactin status in vivo on pituitary and hypothalamic expression of these peptides by specific radioimmunoassays and mRNA analysis. In the anterior pituitary, following haloperidol treatment, the contents of both VIP and galanin were suppressed to below detectable levels. Similarly, after bromocriptine treatment, the content of VIP was decreased to below the detection limit of the assay while galanin (14·2±1·3 vs control 21·0±2·1 fmol/mg, P < 0·05) also showed a significant reduction. The levels of VIP mRNA and galanin mRNA in these groups showed the same qualitative change as their respective peptides. Concurrent treatment with highdose oestrogen modified the VIP peptide response to bromocriptine (1368·7 ±149·2 vs bromocriptine 843·4±82·7 fmol/mg, P<0·05) but not to haloperidol. Oestrogen-induced decreases in galanin content were not influenced by either treatment. The pituitary content of SP showed a fall after oestrogen treatment (1·1±0·01 vs control 6·4±0·8 fmol/mg, P<0·05) which was not significantly altered by either bromocriptine or haloperidol. Likewise, SP mRNA levels in the pituitary were decreased by 90% following oestrogen treatment. Hypothalamic expression of these peptides did not change with any of the treatments. This study demonstrates the tissue and peptide specific influences of prolactin status in regulating anterior pituitary VIP, galanin and SP at the pretranslational level. The results of this study suggest that prolactin status and/or dopaminergic influences are important in the regulation of anterior pituitary neuropeptides. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 131, 411–419
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Ferreira, Fabrícia Geralda, Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol, Danielle Cristina Guimarães da Silva y Giana Zarbato Longo. "Visceral adiposity index is a better predictor of unhealthy metabolic phenotype than traditional adiposity measures: results from a population-based study". Public Health Nutrition 22, n.º 09 (6 de diciembre de 2018): 1545–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001800335x.
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AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate whether the visceral adiposity index (VAI) is an effective predictor to identify unhealthy metabolic phenotype by comparing normal-weight and overweight individuals.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study. Data were collected by interviews, anthropometric evaluation, dietetic, clinical and laboratory tests. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) and prevalence ratio (PR), obtained from Poisson regression, were used to compare the predictive capacity of the obesity indicators evaluated (VAI, BMI, waist and neck circumference, waist-to-height and waist-to-hip ratios) and their association with the unhealthy metabolic phenotype. All analyses were stratified by sex and by nutritional status.SettingViçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.ParticipantsA total of 854 Brazilian adults (20–59 years old) of both sexes.ResultsVAI was the best predictor for unhealthy metabolic phenotype among men (AUC = 0·865) and women (AUC = 0·843) at normal weight. VAI also had the best predictive capacity among overweight women (AUC = 0·903). Among overweight men, its accuracy (AUC = 0·830) was higher than that of waist-to-hip ratio. In the adjusted regression models, VAI was the indicator most strongly associated with the unhealthy metabolic phenotype, especially among those with normal weight (PR = 6·74; 95 % CI 3·15, 14·42 for men; PR = 7·14; 95 % CI 3·79, 13·44 for women).ConclusionsVAI has better predictive capacity in detecting unhealthy metabolic phenotype than conventional anthropometric indicators, regardless of nutritional status and sex.
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Ellis, Mark. "William R. Taylor (ed.), Inventing Times Square: Commerce and Culture at the Crossroads of the World (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1991, $39.95 cloth). Pp. 467. ISBN 0 87154 843 7." Journal of American Studies 27, n.º 1 (abril de 1993): 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002187580003276x.
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Kunnath, Sashi K. "Editor's Note". Journal of Structural Engineering 129, n.º 7 (julio de 2003): 843–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2003)129:7(843).
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Kinnell, P. I. "Discussion on “GIS Based Distributed Model for Soil Erosion and Rate of Sediment Outflow from Catchments” by Manoj K. Jain, Umesh C. Kothyari, and Kittur G. Ranga Raju". Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 133, n.º 7 (julio de 2007): 843–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2007)133:7(843).
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Lazzaro, A., D. Vallisa, C. F. Moroni, R. Bertè, P. Bernuzzi, E. Anselmi, A. Arcari et al. "Efficacy and safety of echoguided catheterisation approach in oncological and hematological patients. Report on 843 consecutive patients". Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, n.º 18_suppl (20 de junio de 2007): 19581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.19581.
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19581 Background: A central venous catheter (CVC) represents the most frequently adopted intravenous line for patients undergoing infusional chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and parenteral nutrition. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and safety of CVC insertion under ultrasound (US) control. US offers the advantage of real-time, multiplanar imaging as well as Doppler analysis. Methods: The echoguided approach allowed us to insert CVC in right supraclavicular site nearby the clavicular head of sternocleidomastoid muscle. Using a 7.5-MHz probe we were able to perform a real time control of the hip of the needle while it was inserted in the last side of internal jugular vein. At the end of the procedure chest Rx was executed to evaluate CVC position and to detect pneumotorax. Mainly Sekalon Seldy, Becketon Dickinson was employed. For PBSC collection, 14-gauge Arrow double lumen revealed to be highly efficacious (46 PBSC collections, no one failure). Results: From November 1999 to December 2006 the echoguided CVC insertion method was applied 1003 times in 843 patients. The procedure was applied 288 times in haematological malignancies, in 698 solid tumors, in 3 neurological autoimmune diseases. Among solid tumors colon carcinoma was the first indication, while gastric carcinoma the second. Among haematological patients: non-Hodgkin lymphoma was the first indication, then acute leukemia. Ten patients underwent allogenic BMT and 92 autologous BMT. Nine in 1003 procedures failed (1%). Failures were caused by: arterial puncture in 3, CVC dislocation in 1, vein collapse in 3 and no efficacious “eco window” in 2. No pneumotorax was registered. The safety of this procedure was confirmed by 35 catheterisations obtained with platelets under 20000/μl, by 7 procedure with prothrombin activity under 50%. In 44 patients catheter was inserted with neutrophil count below 100/μl and in 66 below 500/μl without any increase in infections. Mean time of catheter permanence was 151 days with 1,7 infectious events every 1000 days of permanence. Symptomatic deep veins thrombotic complications were 9 (1%). Conclusions: This procedure is safe, cheap with high accuracy and success rate, and above all US-guidance avoids pneumothorax. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Wang, Lu, Mengxi Du, Frederick Cudhea, Christina Griecci, Heesun Eom, Dominique Michaud, Dariush Mozaffarian y Fang Fang Zhang. "Disparities in Health and Economic Burden of Cancer Attributable to Suboptimal Diet in the United States". Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (29 de mayo de 2020): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa044_059.
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Abstract Objectives Suboptimal diet contributes to substantial health disparities among low-income and racial and ethnic minorities, but influences on cancer disparities are not well established. We quantified the health and economic burdens of cancer attributable to suboptimal diet among US adults overall and in key demographic subgroups. Methods Using a probabilistic cohort state transition model, we incorporated national representative demographics and dietary data, national cancer incidence and cancer survival, diet-cancer etiologic associations, and cancer-related healthcare costs to estimate new cancer cases, cancer deaths, and cancer costs attributable to suboptimal intakes of 7 dietary factors (fruits, vegetables, dairy, whole grains, processed meats, red meats, sugar sweetened beverages) among US adults aged 20 + years over their lifetime. Uncertainties in inputs were incorporated using probabilistic sensitivity analyses in 1000 simulations. Results Suboptimal intakes of these 7 dietary factors were estimated to jointly cause 1.76 (95% UI: 1.69–1.81) million new cancer cases, representing 4.6% (4.5–4.8%) of total cases of these cancers, 1.04 (1.00–1.08) million cancer death, and $215B (206–223) cancer-related healthcare costs in US adults over their lifetime. The top 3 diet-attributable cancers were colorectal (n = 824,000 new cases, 17% of the total), oral cavity and pharynx (n = 204,000, 8.4%), and endometrial cancer (n = 175,000, 5.8%). Among subgroups, diet-attributable new cancer cases per 100,000 population were 16% higher for men (805 [777–843]) than women, 20% higher for non-Hispanic blacks (939 [901–954]) than non-Hispanic white, 12% higher for below college educated (771[727–817]) than college graduates, 14% higher for lower income individuals (income-to-poverty ratio < 1.3: 810 [771–839]) and 21% higher for SNAP participants (872 [830–920]) compared to high income individuals. Similar patterns were observed for diet-associated cancer death and cancer costs. Conclusions Our novel findings suggest that suboptimal intakes of 7 dietary factors are contributing to substantial cancer burdens and healthcare costs in the US, with major additional disparities among key population subgroups. These results help inform dietary and policy priorities to reduce diet-related cancer and disparities in the US. Funding Sources NIH/NIMHD.
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Šimat, Vida, Imen Hamed, Sandra Petričević y Tanja Bogdanović. "Seasonal Changes in Free Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Compositions of Sardines, Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792): Implications for Nutrition". Foods 9, n.º 7 (2 de julio de 2020): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9070867.
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The aim of this study was to clarify the seasonal variation in the proximate composition of the free amino acid (AA) and fatty acid (FA) profiles of the European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) from the Adriatic Sea and to better understand the nutritive value needed to organize more effective industrial processing, aquaculture use and to ensure the health benefits for consumers through available bioactive compounds such as omega-3 FA and essential AA. The lipid content ranged from 1.18 to 10.58% during the year, being the highest from July to September. For the first time, this paper reports the monthly variation in AA content in sardines. The highest total AA content was measured during the winter period, from January (843 mg/100 g fillet) to March (953 mg/100 g) with histidine, arginine and threonine being the most dominant. The total content of essential free AA (histidine, threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and lysine) ranged from 137 to 571 mg/100 g fillet (wet weight), recorded in May and March, respectively. The fatty acid profile analyses revealed the major saturated FA as palmitic (C16:0), followed by myristic (C14:0), and stearic (C18:0) acids, and the predominant monosaturated FA as oleic (C18:1n–9) and palmitoleic (C16:1n–7). The high concentrations of polyunsaturated FA in sardines were omega-3 FA, particularly eicosapentaenoic (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA; 20:6n-3) FA. From July to September, their content was the highest (>3.5 g/100 g of sardine fillets), confirming that these species are excellent sources of bioactive lipids.
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Cadilhac, Dominique A., Nadine E. Andrew, Monique F. Kilkenny, Kelvin Hill, Brenda Grabsch, Natasha A. Lannin, Amanda G. Thrift et al. "Improving quality and outcomes of stroke care in hospitals: Protocol and statistical analysis plan for the Stroke123 implementation study". International Journal of Stroke 13, n.º 1 (15 de septiembre de 2017): 96–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747493017730741.
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Rationale The effectiveness of clinician-focused interventions to improve stroke care is uncertain. Aims To determine whether an organizational intervention can improve the quality of stroke care over usual care. Sample size estimates To detect an absolute 10% difference in overall performance (composite outcome), a minimum of 21 hospitals and 843 patients per group was determined. Methods and design Before and after controlled design in hospitals in Queensland, Australia. Intervention Externally facilitated program (StrokeLink) using outreach workshops incorporating clinical performance feedback, patient outcomes (survival, quality of life at 90–180 days), local barrier assessments to best practice care, action planning, and ongoing support. Descriptive and multivariable analyses adjusted for patient correlations by hospital (intention-to-treat method). Context Concurrent implementation of financial incentives to increase stroke unit access and use of the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry for performance monitoring. Study outcome(s) Primary outcome: net change in composite score (i.e. total number of process indicators achieved divided by the sum of eligible indicators for each cohort). Secondary outcomes: change in individual indicators, change in composite score comparing hospitals that did or did not develop action plans (per-protocol analysis), impact on 90–180-day health outcomes. Sensitivity analyses: hospital self-rated status, alternate cross-sectional audit data (Stroke Foundation). To account for temporal effects, comparison of Queensland hospital performance relative to other Australian hospitals will also be undertaken. Discussion Twenty-one hospitals were recruited; however, one was unable to participate within the study time frame. Workshops were held between 11 March 2014 and 7 November 2014. Data are ready for analysis.
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Kim, Yong-Min, Seok-Joo Ha, Ha-Seung Seong, Jae-Young Choi, Hee-Jung Baek, Byoung-Chul Yang, Jung-Woo Choi y Nam-Young Kim. "Identification of Copy Number Variations in Four Horse Breed Populations in South Korea". Animals 12, n.º 24 (12 de diciembre de 2022): 3501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12243501.
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In this study, genome-wide CNVs were identified using a total of 469 horses from four horse populations (Jeju horses, Thoroughbreds, Jeju riding horses, and Hanla horses). We detected a total of 843 CNVRs throughout all autosomes: 281, 30, 301, and 310 CNVRs for Jeju horses, Thoroughbreds, Jeju riding horses, and Hanla horses, respectively. Of the total CNVRs, copy number losses were found to be the most abundant (48.99%), while gains and mixed CNVRs accounted for 41.04% and 9.96% of the total CNVRs, respectively. The length of the CNVRs ranged from 0.39 kb to 2.8 Mb, while approximately 7.2% of the reference horse genome assembly was covered by the total CNVRs. By comparing the CNVRs among the populations, we found a significant portion of the CNVRs (30.13%) overlapped; the highest number of shared CNVRs was between Hanla horses and Jeju riding horses. When compared with the horse CNVRs of previous studies, 26.8% of CNVRs were found to be uniquely detected in this study. The CNVRs were not randomly distributed throughout the genome; in particular, the Equus caballus autosome (ECA) 7 comprised the largest proportion of its genome (16.3%), while ECA 24 comprised the smallest (0.7%). Furthermore, functional analysis was applied to CNVRs that overlapped with genes (genic-CNVRs); these overlapping areas may be potentially associated with the olfactory pathway and nervous system. A racing performance QTL was detected in a CNVR of Thoroughbreds, Jeju riding horses, and Hanla horses, and the CNVR value was mixed for three breeds.
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Bukar, P. H. y M. A. Onoja. "ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus) CULTIVATED THROUGH IRRIGATION, IN MAIDUGURI, NIGERIA". Open Journal of Environmental Research (ISSN: 2734-2085) 1, n.º 1 (26 de junio de 2020): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ojer.v1i1.117.
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The contamination of the environment with heavy metals is one of the challenges that constitute Nigeria’s environmental problem with urbanization being one of the major causes; due to the unavailability of proper waste dumpsites and landfills for infrastructural development thereby resulting in the polluting rivers and streams. The cultivation of vegetables along channels and rivers that transcend major cities have been a source of concern globally in recent decades due to accumulation of heavy metals and introduction of heavy metals into the food chain. This study therefore assessed the level of concentration of heavy metals namely; Aluminum, Iron, Lanthanum, Manganese, Chromium, Rubidium, Antimony, Scandium, Barium, Samarium and Zinc in Okra (Abelmoschus esclentus) samples obtained on farmlands along the bank of river Ngadda and Alau dam cultivated through irrigation. The samples were analyzed using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) analytical technique with the aim of assessing their level of accumulation with heavy metals. The objective was to ascertain the food safety status of the vegetable by comparing the values obtained with maximum permissible limit (MPL) recommended by FAO/WHO for vegetables. The study results show that the concentration levels ranged from below detection limit (BDL) for Aluminum, Chromium, and Antimony (843 ± 16 ppm, 1.3 ± 0.2 ppm and 0.26 ± 0.03 ppm respectively) to Barium (7 ± 1.0 to 12 ± 1.0 ppm, Iron 11 ± 0.4 to 303 ± 36 ppm), Lanthanum (0.203± 0.03 to 1.93± 0.05 ppm), Manganese (22.9 ± 0.2 to 40.2 ± 0.2 ppm), Rubidium (7 ± 1 to 13± 1 ppm), Scandium (0.02± 0.00 to 0.05 ± 0.01 ppm), Samarium (0.02 ± 0 to 0.24± 0.01ppm), and Zinc (8± 1.0 to 24±0.1 ppm). This result also indicates that the maximum concentration value of Manganese exceeds the 25.95 ppm value of MPL recommended by FAO/WHO for vegetables therefore the consumption of Okra (Abelmoschus esclentus) cultivated from the study site has a potential health risk due to the presence of Manganese above recommended value.
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Tucker, David J. "Review Essay: Patricia Leavy, Method Meets Art: Arts-based Research Practice. New York: The Guilford Press, 2009. 286 pp. ISBN 978—1—59385—843—8 (hbk); ISBN 978—1—59385—259—7 (pbk)". Qualitative Social Work: Research and Practice 8, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2009): 527–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14733250090080040702.
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Madhavan, Ramesh, Chi Tang, Pratik Bhattacharya, Fadi Delly y Maysaa M. Basha. "Evaluation of Documentation Patterns of Trainees and Supervising Physicians Using Data Mining". Journal of Graduate Medical Education 6, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2014): 577–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-13-00267.1.
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Abstract Background The electronic health record (EHR) includes a rich data set that may offer opportunities for data mining and natural language processing to answer questions about quality of care, key aspects of resident education, or attributes of the residents' learning environment. Objective We used data obtained from the EHR to report on inpatient documentation practices of residents and attending physicians at a large academic medical center. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study of deidentified patient notes entered over 7 consecutive months by a multispecialty university physician group at an urban hospital. A novel automated data mining technology was used to extract patient note–related variables. Results A sample of 26 802 consecutive patient notes was analyzed using the data mining and modeling tool Healthcare Smartgrid. Residents entered most of the notes (33%, 8178 of 24 787) between noon and 4 pm and 31% (7718 of 24 787) of notes between 8 am and noon. Attending physicians placed notes about teaching attestations within 24 hours in only 73% (17 843 of 24 443) of the records. Surgical residents were more likely to place notes before noon (P < .001). Nonsurgical faculty were more likely to provide attestation of resident notes within 24 hours (P < .001). Conclusions Data related to patient note entry was successfully used to objectively measure current work flow of resident physicians and their supervising faculty, and the findings have implications for physician oversight of residents' clinical work. We were able to demonstrate the utility of a data mining model as an assessment tool in graduate medical education.
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Singh, Avinish, Kriti Mohan, Balram Ji Omar, Swathi Chacham, Jaya Chaturvedi, Sriparna Basu y Rahul Bhakat. "Congenital Malaria in Newborns Delivered to Malaria-infected Mothers in the Hilly Region of Northern India: Is it Deadly?" Current Pediatric Reviews 18, n.º 1 (febrero de 2022): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573396317666211102093324.
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Background: Malaria is endemic in many states of India. Though there are reports of maternal and congenital malaria from endemic areas, however, there remains a paucity of data from hilly terrains. The present study evaluated the prevalence, clinical and microbiological spectrum of maternal and congenital malaria at a tertiary health care facility in Northern India over a period of 18 months. Methods: In this observational study, mothers along with their newborns were evaluated for malaria by maternal, placental, and cord blood smear examination and rapid point-of-care diagnostic serological tests. Positive cases were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. Mother-newborn duos were followed up till discharge from the hospital. Results: A total of 843 mothers delivered during the study period and were screened along with their newborns and placentae. A total of Ten (1.18%) mothers had evidence of malarial parasitemia (Plasmodium vivax, n=7 and Pl. falciparum, n=3), however, none of the placental and cord blood samples were positive for malaria. Overall, 127 (15.1%) neonates required admission in neonatal intensive care unit for various morbidities. Incidence of small for gestational age (SGA) was high (n=210; 24.9%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated maternal malaria to be an independent contributor for SGA [Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval), 10.7 (2.06 - 49.72)]. However, only 2% variance of SGA could be explained by maternal malaria alone. Conclusions: We report an encouragingly lower incidence of maternal malaria in mothers attending for delivery and a ‘Zero’ incidence for placental and congenital malaria during the study period as compared to national data (upto 7.4% in non-immune mothers), although maternal malaria could be a causative factor for SGA.