Artículos de revistas: "620.8/2"

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Zogjani, MSc Jeton y Dr Sc Myrvete Badivuku-Pantina. "The Role and Impact of Remittances on the Economic Growth - Kosovo Case Study". ILIRIA International Review 4, n.º 2 (8 de febrero de 2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v4i2.32.

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In this research paper the role and impact of remittances on the economic growth of Kosovo in the recent years (2008 - 2013) through remittances, inflation rate, real effective exchange rate (REER) as independent variables and economic growth as depend variable is analyzed. The secondary data are used which are taken from international and domestic institutions which are analyzed through STATA software (an econometric and statistical program).The reason for writing is that in 2013 the total value of remittances in Kosovo was 620.8 million € and in 2011 Kosovo was among the top 10 countries with the highest level of remittances. The main arguments used in this research paper are: how do remittances affect in overall the economy? What is the impact of remittances on businesses? How do we use it for family consumption? In the research methodology are used secondary data and all of them are analyzed by STATA software which helps in calculation of OLS method of regression, descriptive statistic and correlation matrix.Also this paper research findings show us that if we refer to the result of variables that are included in the paper though OLS methods, the remittances (β1= - 0.017) and the exchange rate (β3= - 0.322) have negative impact and nonsignificant (T < 2) effect on economic growth but the inflation rate has positive (β2= 0.245) and significant (T > 2) effect on economic growth and the coefficient of determination (R²) is 84% then the coefficient of Durbin Watson Statistic (DW) is 2.11, it means there is no autocorrelation.

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Hussain, Muhammad Iftikhar, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Taimoor Hassan Farooq, Dunia A. Al Farraj y Mohamed Soliman Elshikh. "Comparative Plasticity Responses of Stable Isotopes of Carbon (δ13C) and Nitrogen (δ15N), Ion Homeostasis and Yield Attributes in Barley Exposed to Saline Environment". Plants 11, n.º 11 (5 de junio de 2022): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11111516.

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Salinity is a major threat to agricultural productivity worldwide. The selection and evaluation of crop varieties that can tolerate salt stress are the main components for the rehabilitation of salt-degraded marginal soils. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate salinity tolerance potential, growth performance, carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen isotope composition (δ15N), intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), harvest index, and yield stability attributes in six barley genotypes (113/1B, 59/3A, N1-10, N1-29, Barjouj, Alanda01) at three salinity levels (0, 7, and 14 dS m−1). The number of spikes m−2 was highest in Alanda01 (620.8) while the lowest (556.2) was exhibited by Barjouj. Alanda01 produced the highest grain yield (3.96 t ha−1), while the lowest yield was obtained in 59/3A (2.31 t ha−1). Genotypes 113/1B, Barjouj, and Alanda01 demonstrate the highest negative δ13C values (−27.10‰, −26.49‰, −26.45‰), while the lowest values were obtained in N1-29 (−21.63‰) under salt stress. The δ15N was increased (4.93‰ and 4.59‰) after 7 and 14 dS m−1 as compared to control (3.12‰). The iWUE was higher in N1-29 (144.5) and N1-10 (131.8), while lowest in Barjouj (81.4). Grain protein contents were higher in 113/1B and Barjouj than other genotypes. We concluded that salt tolerant barley genotypes can be cultivated in saline marginal soils for food and nutrition security and can help in the rehabilitation of marginal lands.

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Flanagan, Emily, Jasper Most, Kristen Boyle, Leanne Redman y Abby Altazan. "A Role for the Pregravid Maternal Milieu in the Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity". Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (junio de 2021): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab046_040.

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Abstract Objectives Maternal obesity increases the risk for adverse pregnancy and offspring outcomes; however, with large heterogeneity. We hypothesize that in mothers with obesity, the heterogeneity of offspring adiposity is due to prolonged exposure to excess maternal substrates, namely glucose and triglycerides, which promote fetal fat accretion. The aims of this prospective observational study were to 1) examine the maternal metabolic milieu in pregnant women with metabolically unhealthy obesity, MUO and metabolically healthy obesity, MHO; and 2) identify if these maternal metabolic phenotypes in women with obesity influence infant adiposity. Methods During early pregnancy, 51 women with obesity were classified to have MUO (n = 9) or MHO (n = 13) based on the presence of zero (MHO) or ≥ 2 (MUO) risk factors for metabolic syndrome (SBP > 130 or DBP > 85, HDL < 50 mg/dL, LDL ≥ 100 mg/dL, triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL, and glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL). Area under the pregnancy concentration curve (AUC) for glucose and triglycerides, gestational weight gain (GWG), fat accretion, and energy intake and expenditure from early (13–16 wks), mid (24–27 wks) to late (35–37 wks) pregnancy and infant fat mass were compared between groups. Results Compared to women with MHO, women with MUO were not different with respect to maternal BMI, GWG, fat accretion, energy and macronutrient intake, and energy expenditure. In both groups, maternal substrates changed similarly from ∼13 to ∼37 weeks of pregnancy, however MUO resulted in greater pregnancy AUC for glucose (+2169.7 ± 381.5 p < 0.001 mg/dL · day) and triglycerides (+12,210.5 ± 3916.1 mg/dL · day, p < 0.001). The offspring of women with MHO had significantly lower birth weight (−620.8 ± 204.6 g, p = 0.01), body fat percentage (−5.8 ± 2.1%, p = 0.02), and total fat mass (−268.8 ± 88.4 g, p = 0.01). Conclusions Differing obesity phenotypes in pregnancy may explain the heterogeneity of offspring adiposity. Metabolically unhealthy obesity resulted in a more prolonged exposure of fetal fat promoting substrates and increased adiposity at birth. This study identifies a population of women with obesity most in need of prenatal interventions and suggests that obesity phenotypes need to be considered when evaluating intervention effect on offspring outcomes. Funding Sources R01DK099175.

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Myers, Cheyanne A., Mario de Haro Marti, Mireille Chahine y Gwinyai E. Chibisa. "PSIII-11 The effect of feeding supplemental zeolite (clinoptilolite) of two different particle sizes on measures of nitrogen utilization and nutrient digestibility in finishing beef heifers". Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (8 de octubre de 2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.527.

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Abstract Clinoptilolite (CLN), could potentially improve nitrogen (N) utilization when fed to beef cattle as it can bind ruminal-ammonia-N (NH3-N), limiting its loss and subsequent detoxification into urea-N, which is released into blood and is excreted in urine. However, the effectiveness of CLN is influenced by physical properties such as particle size. Although decreasing the particle size has been shown to increase the binding of ammonium in-vitro, this remains to be evaluated in vivo. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding CLN of two different particle sizes (30 and 400 µm) on ruminal NH3-N and plasma-urea-N (PUN) concentrations, ruminal pH, and nutrient intake and apparent total-tract digestibility. Six ruminally-cannulated beef heifers (mean initial BW± SD, 620.8 ± 30.15) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 21 d periods (sample collection from d 15 to 21). Dietary treatments were: 1) finishing ration with no supplement (CON), 2) CON +30-µm CLN (CL-30), and 3) CON + 400-µm CLN (CL-400). Clinoptilolite was top-dressed (2.5% of diet DM) during morning feeding. Intake was measured daily. Ruminal fluid was collected on d 19 for NH3-N analysis and blood was collected 3 h post-feeding on d 21 for PUN analysis. Indwelling pH loggers were used to measure ruminal pH (d 15 to 21) and grab fecal samples were collected from d 19 to 21 to determine total-tract nutrient digestibility. Statistical analysis was conducted using PROC MIXED in SAS. There was no treatment effect (P ≥ 0.13) on ruminal NH3-N and PUN concentrations, ruminal pH, and nutrient (DM, OM, NDF, ADF and CP) intake and apparent total tract digestibility. In conclusion, feeding CLN to finishing heifers had no effect on measures of N utilization, ruminal pH and nutrient intake and apparent total-tract digestibility.

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Mormann, Thomas J. y Wolfgang Jeitschko. "The Silver(I) Mercury(II) Oxide Nitrate with the Empirical Formula AgHg2NO5". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 54, n.º 12 (1 de diciembre de 1999): 1489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1999-1202.

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The title compound was prepared by solid state reaction of Ag2O with Hg(NO3)2· H2O in air at 350 °C. Its crystal structure was determined from single-crystal diffractometer data: Pnma, a = 620.1(1) pm, b = 670.1(1) pm, c = 1267.5(2) pm, Z = 4, R = 0.026 for 586 structure factors and 33 variable parameters. The compound may be represented by the formula Ag(HgO)2NO3 . The mercury(II) together with the oxygen atoms form zig-zag chains with linear coordination of the mercury atoms. The oxygen atoms of these chains are linked via silver(I) atoms, thus forming two-dimensionally infinite nets, which contain the trigonal planar nitrate groups in interstices. Thus, only secondary Hg-O and Ag-O bond are formed between the nets.

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Ling, Peng, Fred G. Gmitter, Larry W. Duncan y S. Y. Xiao. "363 INHERITANCE OF CITRUS NEMATODE RESISTANCE AND ITS LINKAGE WITH RAPD MARKERS IN CITRUS". HortScience 29, n.º 5 (mayo de 1994): 483a—483. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.483a.

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A family of 63 citrus intergenemic backcross hybrids was used for this study. The parents and hybrids were multiplied by rooted cuttings, with 6 uniform replicates selected per hybrid, and each plant was inoculated with citrus nematodes (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) 5 times over 2 mo. The number of nematode female larvae per gram of fine fresh root was determind 2 mo after the last inoculation. The phenotypic variation of the hybrids was continuous and wide-ranged, from 8.0 females· g-1 of root tissue (resistant parent Swingle citrumelo=15.6) to 620.0 females· g-1 of root tissue (susceptible parent LB 6-2=540.5). Bulked segregant analysis (BSA), using RAPD fragments, was conducted with 2 DNA bulks of individuals from the extremes of the phenotypic distribution. Three hundred twenty primers were screened and 5 were found to generate repeatedly single RAPD fragments specific to the resistant bulk. The segregation of resistance-associated fragments among the individuals was examined, and the linkage between these markers and potential nematode resistance loci was estimated.

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Balagizi, Akonkwa, Ahouansou Montcho Simon, Nshombo Muderhwa y Lalèyè Philippe. "Caractérisation De La Pêche Au Lac Kivu". European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, n.º 21 (31 de julio de 2017): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n21p269.

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This study was focused on the description of fishing gears on Lake Kivu. Data were collected from March 2012 to February 2014 in Goma, Bukavu, and Kibuye fishing stations. The study findings indicate that gill nets, beach seine, lift net, trammel net composed of two panels of small and larger meshes (mosquito net attached to lift net parts), mosquito net, longline, single line, pots, and cast net were identified as fishing gears used on Lake Kivu. Longline was more selective (2 species) in terms of species selection. The lift net presented the best catch (19.4 ± 11 kg), while the trammel net showed the highest CPUE (7.9 ± 6.1 kg/h). The large dimensions of gears and the long netting duration characterized gillnets (1023.2 ± 620.1 m2 ) and longline (10.3 ± 4.6 hours) respectively. Cast-nets (20mm) showed the largest mesh size, while mosquito nets (1 ± 0.3 mm) were the smallest.

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Mahattanatawee, Kanjana, Elizabeth Baldwin, Kevin Goodner, John Manthey y Gary Luzio. "NUTRITIONAL COMPONENTS IN SELECT FLORIDA TROPICAL FRUITS". HortScience 41, n.º 3 (junio de 2006): 504E—504. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.3.504e.

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Fourteen tropical fruits from southern Florida [red guava, white guava, carambola, red pitaya (red dragon), white pitaya (white dragon), mamey, sapodilla, lychee, longan, green mango, ripe mango, green papaya and ripe papaya] were evaluated for antioxidant activity, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), total fiber and pectin. ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, radical scavenging activity) assays were used to determine antioxidant activity. The total soluble phenolics (TSP), ORAC, and DPPH ranged from 205.4 to 2316.7 μg gallic acid equivalent/g puree, 0.03 to 16.7 μmole Trolox equivalent/g puree and 2.1 to 620.2 μg gallic acid equivalent/g puree, respectively. Total ascorbic acid (TAA), total dietary fiber (TDF) and pectin ranged from 13.6 to 159.6 mg/100 g, 0.88 to 7.25 g/100 g and 0.2 to 1.04 g/100 g, respectively. The antioxidant activities, TSP, TAA, TDF and pectin appeared to be influenced by cultivar (papaya, guava and dragon fruit) and ripening stage (papaya and/or mango). Data demonstrate the potential benefits of several of these fruits for human health.

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Tekerli, M. y S. Koçak. "Relationships between production and fertility traits in first lactation and life time performances of Holstein cows under subtropical condition". Archives Animal Breeding 52, n.º 4 (10 de octubre de 2009): 364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-52-364-2009.

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Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between milk yield and calving interval in first lactation and breeding efficiency, herd life and length of productive life of 1 293 Holstein cows maintained at Ceylanpinar State Farm in Southeast Anatolia from 1990 to 2002. The least-squares means of first lactation milk yield, lactation length and calving interval were 5 620.1 ± 76.6 kg, 315.5 ± 2.0 and 386.9 ± 2.6 days. The values for breeding efficiency, herd life and length of productive life were 94.9 %, 2 095.9 ± 34.7 and 1 257.2 ± 34.4 days. The year of first lactation had significant effect (P<0.05) on all traits except for calving interval and lactation length, and breeding efficiency was only affected by age at first insemination and age at first calving (P<0.05). Heritabilities were 0.27 ± 0.08 for milk yield, 0.02 ± 0.05 for lactation length, 0.06 ± 0.05 for calving interval, 0.05 ± 0.05 for breeding efficiency, 0.30 ± 0.08 for herd life and 0.29 ± 0.08 for length of productive life. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between different traits ranged from −0.49 to 0.99 and −0.37 to 0.99 respectively.

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Shirasawa, A., Y. Nakamura, A. Ideta, Y. Oono, M. Urakawa y Y. Aoyagi. "109 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ULTRASONIC MORPHOLOGY OF CORPUS LUTEUM IN HOLSTEIN HEIFERS AND PREGNANCY RATE AFTER EMBRYO TRANSFER". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, n.º 1 (2012): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv24n1ab109.

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Recipient animals for bovine embryo transfer (ET) are routinely selected according to the morphology of the corpus luteum (CL) estimated by rectal palpation. However, rectal palpation is not a precise method of diagnosing the functional status of a CL. Ovarian ultrasonography (US) may be used to improve such diagnoses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ultrasonographic images of CL and pregnancy rates after ET in Holstein heifers to determine whether US can be used to select recipients for ET. Recipient heifers (n = 285) were selected by detection of natural oestrus or following oestrus synchronization using a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (PRID; ASKA Pharmaceutical, Tokyo, Japan). Transrectal US was performed immediately before ET, on Days 6 to 8 of the oestrous cycle (oestrus = Day 0), using a B-mode scanner (HS1500V; Honda Electronics Co. LTD, Aichi, Japan) equipped with a 7.5-MHz linear-array transducer designed for intrarectal placement. A cross-sectional image of the maximal area of the CL and luteal cavity was obtained. The areas of the CL and luteal cavity were each calculated using the formula for the area of an ellipse (height/2 × width/2 × π). (1) Ultrasonic morphology of CL was classified into 3 types: without cavity (n = 128), with cavity (n = 145) and with blood clot (n = 12). (2) The luteal cavity was categorized into 3 groups: small (<100 mm2, n = 93), medium (100 ≤ x < 200 mm2, n = 32) and large (≥200 mm2, n = 20). (3) Luteinized tissue area (total area of CL minus the area of the luteal cavity) was categorized into 3 groups: small (<250 mm2, n = 61), medium (250 ≤ x < 350 mm2, n = 128) and large (≥350 mm2, n = 84). In vivo–produced embryos were transferred nonsurgically into the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL. Pregnancy was determined by transrectal US on Days 30 to 40 of gestation. The pregnancy rates of each experimental group were analysed by logistic regression. In this study, the pregnancy rate did not differ significantly in each experimental group: (1) without cavity: 77.3% (99/128), with cavity: 75.2% (109/145) and blood clot: 75.0% (9/12); (2) small cavity: 73.1% (68/93), medium: 75.0% (24/32) and large: 85.0% (17/20). The mean area of the cavity was 100.8 ± 110.3 mm2 (mean ± standard deviation) and recipients with 0 to 539.7 mm2 sized cavities had successful pregnancies (observational range was 0 to 539.7 mm2). (3) The pregnancy rates of recipients that had small, medium and large luteinized tissue were 77.0% (47/61), 75.0% (96/128) and 77.4% (65/84), respectively. The mean area of luteinized tissue was 318.9 ± 90.3 mm2 and 155.0 to 620.0 mm2 sized luteinized tissue had pregnancy success (observational range was 132.8 to 620.0 mm2). In conclusion, the results from this study indicate that the presence of a luteal cavity or blood clot has no detrimental effect on pregnancy success after ET in Holstein heifers. Furthermore, no relationship was found between luteinized tissue area at the time of ET and pregnancy rate.

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Yastrebtseva, I. P., V. A. Krivonogov, N. N. Panueva, V. V. Belova, E. A. Bochkova y L. Yu Deryabkina. "Neurometabolic Support for Post-stroke Patients with Movement Disorders during the Second Stage of Rehabilitation". Doctor.Ru 19, n.º 9 (2020): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31550/1727-2378-2020-19-9-27-32.

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Study Objective: To evaluate dose-dependent effects of adjunctive treatment with ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate within a comprehensive course of rehabilitation, in cerebral stroke patients with movement disorders in the second stage of rehabilitation. Study Design: This was a randomized study. Materials and Methods: Forty ischemic stroke patients were examined, and divided into three groups. Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate was given intramuscularly to 18 patients: 250 mg/day (5 mL) in Group 1 (n = 9) and 100 mg/day (2 mL) in Group 2 (n = 9). In Group 3 (n = 22) patients did not receive this drug. All patients underwent a complete examination, including assessment of the following parameters: static and dynamic balance, as assessed by the Standing Balance Test and the Berg Balance Test; walking (Hauser Ambulation Index); and emotional (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), cognitive (Montreal Cognitive Assessment), and sensory (Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale) functions. Patients’ balance status was objectively assessed using stabilometric parameters. Study Results: Group 1 patients showed a significant increase in Berg Balance Test scores (from 44.00 [42.00; 47.00] to 46.00 [42.00; 49.00]) and a decrease in statokinesigram area (with eyes closed) (from 910.92 [36.20; 2,633.50] mm2 to 620.98 [213.40; 1,676.30] mm2 (p < 0.05). All groups exhibited trends toward improvement of static balance, quality of walking, and cognitive and sensory functions, but only the changes in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Group 1 were statistically significant (from 24.67 [19; 27] to 26.67 [22; 29]). Conclusion: Adjunctive ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate, 5 mL (250 mg/day), within a course of rehabilitation improved patients’ balance status and cognitive functions. Patients who received this medication at a dose of 2 mL (100 mg/day) and those who did not receive it showed no significant improvement during rehabilitation. Keywords: stroke, balance, neurometabolic therapy, ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate.

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Murray, James M., Craig W. Renfrew, Amit Bedi, Conor B. McCrystal, David S. Jones y Howard J. P. Fee. "Amsorb". Anesthesiology 91, n.º 5 (1 de noviembre de 1999): 1342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199911000-00026.

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Background This article describes a carbon dioxide absorbent for use in anesthesia. The absorbent consists of calcium hydroxide with a compatible humectant, namely, calcium chloride. The absorbent mixture does not contain sodium or potassium hydroxide but includes two setting agents (calcium sulphate and polyvinylpyrrolidine) to improve hardness and porosity. Methods The resultant mixture was formulated and subjected to standardized tests for hardness, porosity, and carbon dioxide absorption. Additionally, the new absorbent was exposed in vitro to sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane, and enflurane to determine whether these anesthetics were degraded to either compound A or carbon monoxide. The performance data and inertness of the absorbent were compared with two currently available brands of soda lime: Intersorb (Intersurgical Ltd., Berkshire, United Kingdom) and Dragersorb (Drager, Lubeck, Germany). Results The new carbon dioxide absorbent conformed to United States Pharmacopeia specifications in terms of carbon dioxide absorption, granule hardness, and porosity. When the new material was exposed to sevoflurane (2%) in oxygen at a flow rate of 1 l/min, concentrations of compound A did not increase above those found in the parent drug (1.3-3.3 ppm). In the same experiment, mean +/-SD concentrations of compound A (32.5 +/- 4.5 ppm) were observed when both traditional brands of soda lime were used. After dehydration of the traditional soda limes, immediate exposure to desflurane (60%), enflurane (2%), and isoflurane (2%) produced concentrations of carbon monoxide of 600.0 +/- 10.0 ppm, 580.0 +/- 9.8 ppm, and 620.0 +/-10.1 ppm, respectively. In contrast, concentrations of carbon monoxide were negligible (1-3 ppm) when the anhydrous new absorbent was exposed to the same anesthetics. Conclusions The new material is an effective carbon dioxide absorbent and is chemically unreactive with sevoflurane, enflurane, isoflurane, and desflurane.

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Sandra, Ferry, Janti Sudiono, Pretty Trisfilha y Deviyanti Pratiwi. "Cytotoxicity of Alpinia galanga Rhizome Crude Extract on NIH-3T3 Cells". Indonesian Biomedical Journal 9, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18585/inabj.v9i1.212.

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BACKGROUND: Alpinia galanga (A. galanga) was reported as a potential medicinal source due to its wide effect. A. galanga rhizome crude extract (ARCE) was reported to have high cytotoxic effect in cancer cells, but low in normal cells. However half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ARCE is not clearly known yet. Hence, current study was conducted to investigate the IC50 of ARCE in normal standard fibroblast cell line, NIH-3T3 cells.METHODS: Rhizomes of A. galanga were collected, peeled, dried, milled and weighed. Extraction was performed using maceration method, then filtered and evaporated. ARCE with various concentrations were applied in NIH-3T3 cells for 24 or 48 hours. Cells were documented and counted with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.RESULTS: Five hundreds grams of simplicia were macerated with ethanol and evaporated, 1 mg/mL crude extract with total volume of 114 mL was obtained. By addition of ARCE in NIH-3T3 cell culture, number of NIH-3T3 cells were shown less when treated with higher concentration of ARCE. Cell numbers of 0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50% ARCE treatment for 24 hours are 11,531, 11,352, 10,920, 10,365, 9,471, 8,360, respectively, meanwhile for 48 hours are 13,219, 12,686, 12,278, 11,390, 10,279, 8,390, respectively.CONCLUSION: IC50 of ARCE in 24 hours treatment was 620.5 mg/mL, while in 48 hours treatment was 666.6 mg/mL. Hence, ARCE is suggested to have low cytotoxic effect in NIH-3T3 cells.KEYWORDS: Alpinia galanga, ginger, extract, cytotoxic, MTT, NIH-3T3

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Nikolaev, Semen. "PSI-B-29 Breeding influence on dairy productivity of Kholmogory cattle". Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (8 de octubre de 2021): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.413.

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Abstract The Kholmogory breed of cattle is highly adapted to poor feeding and severe climate conditions of the northern part of European Russia, but a lack of dairy productivity also characterizes it. The study aims to measure the productivity of animals obtained by breeding Kholmogory and Holsteins cattle. Purebred Kholmogory (K1, n = 497), first generation` (K1/2×H1/2, n = 387), and second generation` (K1/4×H3/4, n = 384) hybrids were selected for the analysis. Dairy production for 305 days throughout 1st and 3rd lactations and also lifetime productivity were measured. Statistical processing was conducted using Statistica 10 software. The average milk yield of purebred` 1st lactation was 3501±35 kg with a fat content of 3.66±0.01%. The productivity of hybrids in the 1st lactation was higher by 728 kg (P < 0.001) with a fat content of 3.86±0.02% for K1/2×H1/2 and by 1030 kg (P < 0.001) with a fat content of 4.13±0.02 for the K1/4×H3/4 population. In the 3rd lactation, the productivity of K1 was 3948±51 kg of milk with a 3.73±0.02% of fat. This is 941 kg (P < 0.001) and 0.31% (P < 0.001) less than in K1/2×H1/2. During the same lactation in K1/4×H3/4, the average amount of milk was 5508±77 kg with 4.25±0.04% of fat. The maximum lifetime productivity was obtained from K1/2×H1/2. It made 19850±618 kg of milk and 799.6±25.3 kg of milk fat. In the K1 group, 14642±529 kg of milk and 552.6±20.3 kg of fat were obtained per life, and for K1/4×H3/4 14832±590 kg and 620.9±25.6 kg were obtained. The heterosis effect could explain the high lifetime productivity of first-generation hybrids. This is consistent because the average economic use of K1 animals was 3.53±0.11 calving, while for K1/2×H1/2, it was 4.01±0.11. Further breeding with the Holstein led to a significant decrease in the economical use duration to 2.78±0.09 calving in K1/4×H3/4.

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LEE, HYUN WOONG, In Soo Oh, HYE YOUNG CHANG, JUNG IL LEE y KWAN SIK LEE. "Serum IL-6 level may differentiate immune inactive phase from other phases in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection". Journal of Immunology 202, n.º 1_Supplement (1 de mayo de 2019): 75.23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.75.23.

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Abstract Background and Aims Previous studies have found that serum level of IL-6 was increased in HBV-infected patients. Here we evaluate the impact of IL-6 levels according to the natural history of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) infection. Method Patients(n=71) with hepatitis B virus(HBV) were enrolled between September 2016 and Feb. 2018. Treatment-naïve chronic HBV carries were recruited. IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-17A were measured by a cytometric bead assay according to manufacturer’s instructions. Soluble PD-1 and soluble CD14 were made by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The assay procedures were followed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. We studied patients with immune inactive phase (HBV DNA< 1,000 copies/ml, anti-HBe + and normal ALT, n=22), immune tolerant phase (HBV DNA > 10,000 copies/ml, HBeAg + and normal ALT, n=36), and immune active phase (elevated ALT and HBV DNA>10,000 copies/ml, n=13). Results Serum IL-6 levels in patients with immune inactive phase were significantly lower than patients with immune tolerant and immune active phases (267.3±245.6 pg/mL vs. 620.2±207.8 pg/mL and 1,815±803.2) (p<0.001). Serum TNF-α levels in patients with immune inactive phase was slightly lower than patients with immune tolerant and immune active phases (3.36±4.40 pg/mL vs. 8.74±12.91 pg/mL and 111.9±377.4) (p=0.079). However, other cytokines (serum IL-2, IL-17A, IFN-γ), soluble CD 14, and soluble PD-1 levels might not be significantly related to the natural history of CHB phase. Conclusion These results demonstrate the potential to apply serum IL-6 as a biomarker for differentiating immune inactive phase from other phases in patients with chronic HBV infection.

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Nkosi, Davies Veli, Johan Leon Bekker y Louwrens Christiaan Hoffman. "Toxic Metals in Meat Contributed by Helicopter and Rifle Thoracic Killing of Game Meat Animals". Applied Sciences 12, n.º 16 (12 de agosto de 2022): 8095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12168095.

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Processes of killing wild game meat animals could introduce toxic metals into the animal’s meat, which subsequently may pose a risk of consumer exposure to toxins during ingestion. In most cases, toxic metals occur naturally in the environment and may be found in traces in different parts of a game meat animal. However, some of these metals are also introduced to meat animals by bullets used during the hunting and killing of game meat animals. These bullets are generally made from metals such as lead, arsenic, and copper, all of which have strictly regulated limits in food products including meat. Samples of helicopter-killed impala in the area around the bullet/pellets’ wound (n = 9) and from animals killed by a single projectile (n = 9) were analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The type of bullet used influenced the mean concentration of some of these toxic metals (mg/Kg) in meat samples; helicopter killing resulted in the following levels of As (0.665, SD = 1.95); Cd (0.000, SD = 0.000); Pb (620.18, SD = 1247.6); and Hg (0.017 SD = 0.033) compared to single projectile killing that resulted in the following levels: As (0.123, SD = 0.221); Cd (0.008, SD = 0.021); Pb (1610.79, SD = 1384.5); and Hg (0.028, SD = 0.085). The number of samples per metal with levels above the EU products’ limits were Pb = 18/18 samples from both killing methods, As = 2/18 samples from helicopter killing, Cd- = 1/18 from rifle killing and Hg = 0/18. To minimise the risks of toxic metals posed by bullets, the use of lead (Pb) free bullets should be encouraged, and the control of meat animal killing methods must always be performed, especially for meat contamination prevention.

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Wang, Jue y Faguo Li. "Effect of Sm + Er and Heat Treatment on As-Cast Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 7055 Aluminum Alloy". Materials 16, n.º 13 (5 de julio de 2023): 4846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16134846.

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The 7055 aluminum alloy is an ultra-high strength aluminum alloy, which is widely used in the aerospace field and new energy automobile manufacturing industry. As it retains high strength, its plastic deformation ability needs to be improved, which limits its application in plastic processing. In this study, the cast grains of the 7055 aluminum alloy were refined by adding Sm + Er, and the proper heat treatment procedure was utilized to further precipitate the rare earth phase in order to increase the alloy’s strength and toughness. The grain size, microstructure and phase were characterized by optical microscopes (OMs), scanning electron microscopy—energy spectrum (SEM-EDS) and a XRD diffractometer (XRD). The macroscopic hardness, yield strength and tensile strength of alloy materials were measured by a hardness meter and universal electronic tensile machine. The results showed that the as-cast sample and the heat treatment sample all contained Al10Cu7Sm2 and Al8Cu4Er rare earth phases. But, after heat treatment, the volume percentage of the rare earth phase dramatically increased and the dispersion was more unified. When 0.3 wt.%Sm and 0.1 wt.%Er were added, the grain size could be refined to 53 μm. With the increase in the total content of rare earth elements, the refining effect first increased and then decreased. Under 410 °C solid solution for 2 h + 150 °C and aging for 12 h, the macroscopic hardness, yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of 0.3 wt.%Sm + 0.1 wt.%Er + 7055 as-cast samples were 155.8 HV, 620.5 MPa, 658.1 MPa and 11.90%, respectively. After the addition of Sm and Er elements and heat treatment, the grain refinement effect of 7055 aluminum alloy was obvious and the plastic property was greatly improved under the premise of maintaining its high-strength advantage.

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18

Mann, K., J. Rendl, R. Busley, B. Sailer, S. Seybold, R. Hoermann, T. Sauerbruch y W. Börner. "Systemic iodine absorption during endoscopic application of radiographic contrast agents for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography". European Journal of Endocrinology 130, n.º 5 (mayo de 1994): 498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1300498.

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Mann K, Rendl J, Busley R, Sailer B, Seybold S, Hoermann R, Sauerbruch T, Börner W. Systemic iodine absorption during endoscopic application of radiographic contrast agents for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;130:498–501. ISSN 0804–4643 Hyperthyroidism induced by contrast agents is a major problem in patients with pre-existing thyroid disease, particularly in patients with functional thyroid autonomy. The present study was undertaken to evaluate whether contrast media applied during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) may result in a significant increase of serum iodine levels and thus may be associated with the risk of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism. The courses of serum concentrations of total iodine and free iodide, as well as of urinary iodine excretion, were measured in 15 patients before and up to 21 days after ERCP. During ERCP, the non-ionic contrast medium iopamidol was instilled in amounts resulting in a total iodine load of 57.4 ± 22.8 mmol (7.3 ± 2.9 g). In all patients, ERCP resulted in a highly significant increase in serum levels of total iodine from 0.8±0.5 to 85.2 ± 116.9 μmol/l 4 h after application of the contrast agent. In parallel, serum iodide levels were raised from 0.06 ± 0.04 to 5.42 ± 6.09 μmol/l and urinary iodine excretion from 71.1 ± 35.7 μmol/mol creatinine to 621 620.9 ± 636 492.2 μmol/mol creatinine. Peak concentrations of serum iodine are well related to the total amount of iodine applied (p < 0.05). During follow-up, iodine levels returned to preexposure levels within 2–3 weeks. Levels of thyrotropin, free thyroxine, and free triiodothyronine remained unchanged during the follow-up period. In conclusion, endoscopic application of iodinated contrast agents during ERCP leads to significant increases of serum levels of total iodine and free iodide and of urinary iodine excretion. Therefore, patients with underlying thyroid disease may be at risk to develop iodine-induced hyperthyroidism. Klaus Mann, Dept. of Internal Medicine II. Klinikum Grosshadern, Marchionistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany

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Gupta, Ranju, Sirisha Perumandla, Yelena Patsiornik, Selva Niranjan y Anju Ohri. "Incidence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders." Blood 106, n.º 11 (16 de noviembre de 2005): 4935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4935.4935.

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Abstract Background: Increased incidence of cardiac involvement and pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been reported in patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD). Most studies are small and retrospective except one where majority of the patient had essential thrombocytosis (ET). Method: We conducted a study to assess the incidence of PH in patients with CMPD. Patients were excluded if they had secondary cause of PH. Diagnosis of PH was established if right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and Doppler study was ≥ 35 mmHg. 27 patients with diagnosis of CMPD established by standard criterion were included in the study. 9 patients had ET, 14 had polycythemia vera (PV) and 3 had chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Results: Diagnosis of PH was established in 14/27 patients. 2 patients were excluded form analysis because of poor ejection fraction on TTE, 1 with PV and 1 with CML, giving final diagnosis of PH in 12/25 (48%) patients. 9 patients were males and 16 were females. Mean age at diagnosis in the entire cohort was 56.2 years and that with and without PH was 54.5 vs. 57.7 years respectively. Mean duration of follow up was 8.7 years and that with and without PH was 7.8 vs. 9.9 years respectively. 7/9 ET, 5/14 PV AND 0/2 CML patients had PH, mostly of mild to moderate severity. All patients were asymptomatic at the time of their last visit within last 2 months. The results are depicted in the table 1. There was no relation of PH to duration of disease, platelet count and hematocrit at diagnosis or during follow up period for the entire group or specific diagnosis of ET or PV. Because of erratic and variable duration of aspirin use by individual patients, we could not determine its significance. Discussion: The results of our study are similar to the study reported by Garypidou et al with regard to ET. However they had only 2 patients with PV and both of them had no evidence of PH. In our study 5/14 PV (36%) patients had PH, indicating PV patients also have significant risk of having PH. Pathogenesis of PH can be reliably related to CMPD because: Cases of secondary PH were excluded TTE excluded cardiac causes of PH Incidence of primary PH is very low (0.2cases/100,000) and usually occurs in 3rd or 4th decade. Moreover autopsy studies have demonstrated the presence of atypical megakaryocytes and thrombotic material in the lung capillaries of pulmonary hypertension patients and CMPD. Increased level of thrombopoietin also has been demonstrated in pulmonary artery of patients with PH. Thus platelets are implicated in pathogenesis of PH in patients with CMPD. Since PH seems to be common in patients with CMPD, more studies are needed to study the long-term impact of PH on survival in these patients. Impact of therapy including platelet lowering agents and ASA on development and progression of PH also needs to be studied. Table 1 CMPD Total No (%) MeanAge at Dx(yrs) Duration of Ds(yrs) Mean Plt at Dx(k/muL) Mean Plt at fu(k/muL) Mean Hct at Dx(%) Mean Hct at fu(%) Dx-diagnosis, Ds-disease, yrs-years, Plt-platelet, fu-follow up, Hct-hematocrit, PH-pulmonary hypertension, +-present, − absent ET PH + 7/9(77.8) 56.3 7.2 877.7 488.6 41.1 36.7 ET PH − 2/9(22.2) 65.0 8.0 698.0 492.0 45.3 40.0 PV PH + 5/14(35.7) 52.0 10 528.8 320.4 53.9 43.2 PV PH − 9/14(64.3) 58.7 10.6 511.9 316.8 58.9 41.9 CML PH − 2/2 46.5 4.0 620.5 387.5 36.9 36.2

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20

Ghigo, E., L. Gianotti, E. Arvat, J. Ramunni, M. R. Valetto, F. Broglio, M. Rolla, F. Cavagnini y E. E. Müller. "Effects of Recombinant Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Administration on Growth Hormone (GH) Secretion, Both Spontaneous and Stimulated by GH-Releasing Hormone or Hexarelin, a Peptidyl GH Secretagogue, in Humans1". Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 84, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1999): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem.84.1.5386.

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The negative feedback exerted by insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on GH secretion occurs at the pituitary, as well as the hypothalamic level, via stimulation of SS and/or inhibition of GHRH release. In fact, recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) administration inhibits basal GH secretion, at least in fasted humans, though its effect on the GH response to GHRH is still controversial. GH secretagogues (GHS) are peptidyl and nonpeptidyl molecules that act on specific receptors at the pituitary and/or the hypothalamic level. Contrary to GHRH, the GH-releasing activity of GHS is strong, reproducible, and even partially refractory to inhibitory influences such as exogenous somatostatin. We studied the effects of rhIGF-I administration (20μ g/kg sc at 0 min) on GH secretion, either spontaneous or stimulated by GHRH (2 μg/kg iv at +180 min) or Hexarelin (HEX, 2.0 μg/kg iv at+ 180 min), a GHS, in eight normal young women (age, mean ± sem, 28.3 ± 1.2 yr; body mass index, 20.1± 0.5 kg/m2). rhIGF-I administration increased IGF-I levels (peak vs. baseline: 420.3 ± 30.5 vs. 274.4 ± 25.3 μg/L, P < 0.05) within the physiological range from +120 to +300 min. No variation in glucose or insulin levels was recorded. rhIGF-I did not reduce spontaneous GH secretion [areas under curves (AUC)0–300 min 140.6± 66.3 vs. 114.6 ± 32.1 μg/L·h], whereas it inhibited the GH response to both GHRH (AUC180–300 min 447.7 ± 159.4 vs. 715.9 ± 104.3 μg/L·h, P < 0.05) and HEX (620.3 ± 110.4 vs. 1705.9 ± 328.9 μg/L·h, P < 0.03). The percent inhibitory effect of rhIGF-I on the GH response to GHRH (41.7 ± 12.8%) was lower than that on the response to HEX (57.7 ± 11.0%). In fact, the GH response to GHRH alone was clearly lower than that to HEX alone (P < 0.05), whereas the GH responses to GHRH and HEX were similar after rhIGF-I. Our findings show that the sc administration of low rhIGF-I doses inhibits the GH response to GHRH and, even more, that to HEX; whereas, at least in this experimental design in fed conditions, it does not modify the spontaneous GH secretion. Because GHS generally show partial refractoriness to inhibitory inputs, including exogenous somatostatin, the present results point toward a peculiar sensitivity of GHS to the negative feedback action of IGF-I.

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Faria, O. A. C., L. R. O. Dias, L. Leme, G. Fernandes, A. A. G. Fidelis, L. G. B. Siqueira y J. H. M. Viana. "101 Effects of Active Immunization Against GnRH in Oocyte Donors with Cystic Ovarian Disease". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 30, n.º 1 (2018): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv30n1ab101.

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Cows intensively used as oocyte donors for in vitro embryo production (IVEP) are usually kept nonpregnant for prolonged intervals, exposed to successive hormonal treatments, and frequently become overweight. These are all risk factors for the development of endocrine unbalance and, consequently, cystic ovarian disease (COD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of active immunization against gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on (1) ovarian follicular population, and (2) development potential of oocytes used for IVEP. Nelore (Bos indicus) cows (n = 14), previously diagnosed with chronic COD (Faria et al. 2017 Anim. Reprod., in press), weighing 620.0 ± 12.8 kg and with body condition score of 4.1 ± 0.2, were assigned to control (n = 6) or treatment (n = 8) group. Cows in the treatment group received 2 SC injections of 1.0 mL of anti-GnRH vaccine (Bopriva, Zoetis, Brazil), 28 days apart (weeks 0 and 4), whereas cows in the control group received placebo on the same schedule. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed weekly from week 0 to evaluate the number and distribution of follicles among size classes, endometrial thickness, and clinical presence of mucometra. Immunization was considered effective (E-IM) when no follicles ≥5.0 mm were observed on the ovaries during a given examination. Cows having E-IM were then used as oocyte donors for IVEP. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were collected in 5 consecutive ovum pick-up weekly sessions. As a control for IVEP, oocytes from a slaughterhouse were used, with similar procedures performed on the same days and using the same semen batch. The MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) with repeated-measures statement was used to evaluate the effects of treatment, time, and interactions on ovarian endpoints; and the GLM procedure was used to analyse embryo production data. Results are shown as mean ± SEM. There were time and time × treatment effects on ovarian parameters. Treated cows had a decrease (P < 0.05) in the average diameter of the largest follicle and in the number of follicles ≥8 mm, and an increase (P < 0.05) in follicular population after week 6. Nonetheless, individual response to treatment was variable: only 50% of the cows (4 of 8) were E-IM at week 8, whereas 25% (2 of 8) still had COD (largest follicle ≥18.0 mm) at this timepoint. Overall, a negative correlation was detected between follicular population and the diameter of the largest follicle (r = –0.60, P < 0.0001) or the number of follicles ≥8 mm (r = –0.47, P < 0.0001). There was no effect (P > 0.05) of treatment on endometrial thickness or mucometra score. Cows with E-IM produced 22.2 ± 3.6 total and 12.9 ± 2.3 viable COC. Cleavage rate did not differ between E-IM and control (slaughterhouse) oocytes (70.8 ± 7.0 v. 75.1 ± 3.0%, respectively; P > 0.05); however, blastocyst rate was greater in the E-IM group compared with controls (39.7 ± 5.5 v. 20.5 ± 4.7%, respectively; P < 0.02). In summary, our results suggest that active immunization against GnRH leads to variable results in the distribution of the follicular population in cows with COD, but it does not negatively affect IVEP efficiency. This research was supported by Zoetis, CNPq, and CAPES.

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Lysie Libardi Lira Machado, K., S. T. Miyamoto, A. P. Neves Burian, L. H. Dias, F. Z. Pretti, D. Cristina Filgueira Alves Batista, J. Geraldo Mill et al. "POS0271 HETEROLOGOUS COVID-19 BOOSTER VACCINATION PRODUCED GREATER ANTIBODY TITERS IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE PATIENTS: DATA FROM MULTICENTRIC PROSPECTIVE PHASE IV SAFER STUDY". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (30 de mayo de 2023): 374.1–374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.3985.

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BackgroundThe ChAdOx1, Coronavac, BNT162B2 and Janssen vaccines are available for the primary and booster immunization of immunosuppressed patients. However, there are few studies in the literature that assess the immunogenicity and safety of the different platforms COVID-19 vaccines in patients with autoimmune diseases (AID).ObjectivesThe present study aims to evaluate the immunogenicity through anti-spike IgG antibodies 28 days after the booster dose in the heterologous boost groups compared with homologous regimen of the vaccine against COVID-19 in patients with AID.MethodsThese data are from SAFER study: “Safety and efficacy on Covid-19 Vaccine in Rheumatic Disease”, a multicentric prospective phase IV study, in real life, in Brazil, started on May 2021. Data from this analysis were from 8 centers, from all Brazilian areas, after 2 or 3 doses of vaccine against COVID-19 in patients with AID age ≥ 18 years. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, previous severe adverse events (AE) to any vaccine or other imunosuppression causes. Demographics, diagnoses and therapeutic regimens were collected via participant report through the Research Electronic Data Capture tool. Available vaccines were adenoviral vectored vaccine (ChAdOx1, Astrazeneca and Ad26.COV2-S, Janssen), mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2, Pfizer–BioNTech) or inactivated SARS-COV-2 vaccine (Coronavac). Participants were followed up by means of blood collection for measurement of IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain by chemiluminescence (SARS-CoV-2-IgG-II Quant assay, Abbott-Laboratories) at baseline and 28 days after the first, 2nd and 3rd doses. The seropositivity was defined for titers IgG-Spike ≥7.1 BAU/mL. The ANOVA, the post-hoc Tukey and pairwise comparisons tests were used to compare the IgG-S titles between the groups. An alpha level of 5% significance was used in all analyses.ResultsA total of 1096 participants were included and followed from the first dose. 709 patients AID received the complete 3-dose regimen: systemic lupus erythematosus (N=238, 33.6%), rheumatoid arthritis (N=143, 20.2%), spondyloarthritis (N=96, 13.5%), primary Sjögren’s syndrome (N=56, 7.9),), inflammatory bowel disease (N=50, 7,1%), vasculitis (N=31, 4.4%), systemic sclerosis (N=25, 3.5%), Behçet syndrome (N= 19, 2.7%) myositis (N= 12, 1.7%), other systemic AID (N= 39, 5.5%). Mean age was 41.59 (12.2), female N=556, (78.4%) and admixed race (N=370, 52.2%). Primary immunization was performed with Coronavac in 265 (37.4%), ChAdOx1 in 403 (56.8%) and Pfizer in 41 (5.8%) AID patients. After the 2nd dose (28 days), the booster was performed with Coronavac (N=10, 1.4%), ChAdOx1 (N=226, 31.9%), Pfizer (N=464, 65.4%) and Janssen (N=9, 1.3%). Anti-spike IgG antibodies were analyzed in the 657 patients who received the three doses. All patients had a substantial increase in IgG antibody concentrations 28dy after the booster vaccine with median 275.9 BAU/ml (88.8 - 1000.9) vs. 1217.2 (402.3 - 3213.7) booster vaccine. All heterologous regimens (N=515) had anti-spike IgG responses at day 28 that were superior to homologous booster (N=194) with median titers 1596.5 (543.9-3769.4) vs. 620.3 BAU/mL (180.3-1987.0), p<0.001 (figure 1). The seropositivity rates were higher and similar in both groups (Heterologous 98.4% vs. Homologous 95.9%, p=0.07).ConclusionAll vaccines administered as third dose induced an increase in IgG-S titers antibodies, which could improve protection against COVID-19 in AID patients. Heterologous booster vaccination produced greater humoral immune responses than homologous booster, which is relevant in this immunosuppressed population.Reference[1]Machado PM et al. Safety of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: results from the EULAR Coronavirus Vaccine (COVAX) physician-reported registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(5):695- 709.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.

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Schwarzbich, Mark-Alexander, Lehners Nicola, Katharina Schmidt, Christine Falk, Anthony D. Ho, Peter Dreger y Thomas Luft. "High VEGF Serum Levels on Days +50 and +100 after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Predict Severe Chronic GvHD". Blood 124, n.º 21 (6 de diciembre de 2014): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1163.1163.

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Abstract Introduction Severe chronic graft versus host disease (cGvHD) is one of the main complications following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) and a major contributor to late treatment-related morbidity and mortality. The symptoms of the condition mimic autoimmune diseases like scleroderma, Sjögren syndrome, primary biliary cirrhosis, wasting syndrome or bronchiolitis obliterans. The pathogenesis of GVHD is still poorly understood. However, increasing evidence suggests that endothelial injury and angiogenesis are involved. Chronic GvHD associates with a rarefaction of microvessels in the affected tissue. (Tichelli A. et al. 2008).We therefore hypothesized that VEGF serum levels could be used to predict occurrence of chronic GvHD. Methods Written informed consent to sample and data collection in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki was obtained from 394 patients undergoing SCT between 2002-2011 at our institution. Blood serum samples were obtained on day 0, day 50 and day 100 following transplantation. Concentrations of VEGF were quantified in patient sera by the multiplex protein array technology (Luminex) according to the manufacturer's instructions for protein multiplexing (Bio-Rad). The occurrence of mild and severe cGvHD was evaluated retrospectively by chart review using the NIH Consensus criteria in chronic Graft versus Host Disease (Filipovic et al., 2005). A score of 3 in the clinical scoring of organ systems suggested in the consensus criteria was considered severe cGvHD. In cGvHD of the lung a score of 2 and higher was considered severe. Isolated elevations of bilirubin or liver enzymes were only considered cGvHD if confirmed by histopathology. Time to onset of mild and/or severe cGvHD and organ systems involved were recorded. All statistical calculations were performed using SPSS19. The rates of mild and severe cGvHD were plotted using cumulative incidence analysis of cause-specific hazards and compared in various groups using log rank test. Results The median age of patients was 52 years (17 - 70). 242 patients (61%) were male and 152 (39%) were female. Patients were suffering from a broad range of underlying diseases (SAA 5, ALL 42, AML 119, Amyloidosis 1, CLL 29, other B-NHL 52, T-NHL 12, CML 15, other MPS 19, MDS 32, HD 5, MM 61, sarcoma 2). 148 (38%) patients had a matched family donor (MFD), 156 (40%) had a matched unrelated donor (MUD), 90 (23%) had a mismatched unrelated donor (MMUD). 308 (78%) patients received myeloablative conditioning (MAC), 86 (22%) received reduced intensity conditioning (RIC). 281 (71%) patients received ATG, 113 (29%) did not receive ATG. 166 patients (42%) developed mild cGvHD and 75 (19%) developed severe cGvHD. 24 (6%) patients developed sclerodermatous changes or fasciitis, 17 (4%) developed severe lung cGvHD and 26 (7%) developed severe gastrointestinal GvHD. The median time of onset of severe cGvHD was 11.18 months (1.4- 88.9). Median serum concentrations of VEGF on days +50 and +100 in those patients developing severe cGvHD were markedly elevated as compared to those patients developing no or only mild cGvHD: i) d+50: no cGvHD 119.5 (4.3-1577.5) pg/ml, mild cGvHD 113,8 (9.1-620.7) pg/ml, severe cGvHD 158.11 (22.5-415.3) pg/ml; p=0.044). ii) d+100: no cGvHD 107.8 (7.8-753.3) pg/l, mild cGvHD 95.4 (15.5-561.9) pg/ml, severe cGvHD 158.1 (20.2-607.2) pg/ml, p=0.048). Moreover, VEGF levels on days +50 and +100 in those patients developing severe lung GvHD, sclerodermatous lesions or severe gastrointestinal GvHD were found to be elevated (Figure 1). High serum concentrations of VEGF did not correlate with acute GvHD of any grade or steroid refractory acute GvHD. Serum concentrations of VEGF >150 pg/ml on day +100 after allogeneic stem cell transplantation were associated with a 2.1 fold higher rate of severe cGvHD (p=0.001). Conclusions These results suggest that VEGF serum levels on day +50 and day +100 after allogeneic stem cell transplantation may be useful for early prediction of severe cGvHD. One explanation for prognostic VEGF elevations occurring long before onset of clinical cGVHD could be that endothelial cell alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of severe cGvHD which develop early but become only relevant after tapering immunosuppression Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Hodjat, Parsa, Kankana Ghosh, Priyanka Priyanka, Beenu Thakral, Keyur P. Patel, Mark Routbort, Rashmi Kanagal-Shamana et al. "Mutation Analysis in 276 Cases of Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia By Next Generation Sequencing: Association with Established Prognostic Variables and MRC Risk Groups". Blood 126, n.º 23 (3 de diciembre de 2015): 1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.1392.1392.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is known to have numerous genomic aberrations that predict response to treatment and overall survival. We aimed to assess various mutations in newly diagnosed AML cases by next generation sequencing (NGS) and their association with various well-established clinicopathologic parameters and Medical Research Council (MRC) risk groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed molecular studies on DNA extracted from bone marrow aspirate specimens in 276 newly diagnosed treatment na•ve AML patients presenting at a single referral institution from 08/2013 to 03/2015 as part of routine clinical work up in a CLIA certified molecular diagnostics laboratory. Cases met criteria for AML per WHO 2008 criteria. The entire coding sequences of 28 genes (ABL1, ASXL1, BRAF, DNMT3A, EGFR, EZH2, FLT3, GATA1, GATA2, HRAS, IDH1, IDH2, IKZF2, JAK2, KIT, KRAS, MDM2, MLL, MPL, MYD88, NOTCH1, NPM1, NRAS, PTPN11, RUNX1, TET2, TP53, WT1) were sequenced using a NGS-based custom-designed assay using TruSeq chemistry on Illumina MiSeq platform. FLT3 internal tandem duplications (ITD) and codon 835/836 point mutation were detected by PCR followed by capillary electrophoresis. CEBPA mutation analysis was performed on 262 patients by PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Cases were categorized as favorable, intermediate and adverse groups as per revised MRC cytogenetic risk group classification. RESULTS Median age was 67 years. Patients included 167 (60.5%) males and 109 (39.5%) females. 38 (14%) and 6 (2%) patients had prior diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome and myeloproliferative neoplasms respectively. Hematologic parameters are as follows [median (range)]: Hb 8.7 g/dL (2.8-13.9), platelets 50.5 K/μ L (1-1109), WBC 5.4 K/μ L (0.4-620.4), ANC 0.9 K/μ L (0-145.7), AMC 0.3 K/μ L (0-98.1). Bone marrow (BM) blast % [median (range)] was 45.5% (5-96). LDH was 733 IU/dL (225-13156). Of 275 patients with cytogenetic analysis performed, 98 (35.64%) had diploid karyotype, 75 (27.27%) had one, 38 (13.82%) had two, 8 (2.91%) had three, 56 (20.36%) had > three abnormalities, 75 (27.27%) had monosomies and 62 (22.55%) had trisomies. Of 34 cases classified as AML with recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities per WHO 2008, 10 (3.64%) had t(8;21), 13 (4.73%) had inv(16), 1 (0.36%) had t(15;17), 3 (1.09%) had inv (3), 4 (1.45%) had t(9;11)(p22;q23) and 3 (1.09%) had t(6;9)(p23;q34). MRC risk categorization of the cases was as follows: favorable 24 (8.72%), intermediate 161 (58.55%) and adverse 90 (32.73%). Mutations identified by NGS are as detailed in Table 1. Of 56 patients with FLT3 mutations detected by PCR, the breakdown is as follows: FLT3 ITD (39, 14.13%), FLT3 D835 (16, 5.80%), FLT3, ITD + D835 (1, 0.36%). Of 262 patients assessed, CEBPA mutation was detected in 26 (9.92%). Thirty one (11.23%) cases had no mutations detected in the genes analyzed by NGS or PCR, 93 (33.70%) had mutations in one, 80 (28.98%) in two, 42 (15.22%) in three and 30 (10.87%) in > three genes. We found positive associations between mutated genes and various parameters as detailed in Table 2. CONCLUSIONS: AML is a heterogeneous group of myeloid neoplasms at the genetic level. Multiple genetic mutations in a large subset of cases likely indicate clonal evolution. A subset of mutations has significant association with well-established clinico-pathologic parameters like WBC. With longer follow-up, we could use this data to refine prognostic models for AML. Table 1. Genes Number of Cases Percentage of Cases FLT3 61 22.10 NPM1 48 17.39 NRAS 48 17.39 DNMT3A 47 17.03 TP53 45 16.30 IDH2 40 14.49 IDH1 33 11.96 TET2 32 11.59 ASXL1 30 10.87 RUNX1 30 10.87 PTPN11 13 4.71 KRAS 11 3.99 KIT 8 2.90 WT1 8 2.90 GATA2 7 2.54 EZH2 6 2.17 JAK2 4 1.45 MPL 2 0.72 ABL1 1 0.36 EGFR 1 0.36 GATA1 1 0.36 IKZF2 1 0.36 MDM2 1 0.36 MLL 1 0.36 MYD88 1 0.36 NOTCH1 1 0.36 Table 1. Mutated genes p value Hb NRAS, NPM1 <0.05, <0.04 Platelets TP53, IDH2 <0.03, <0.02 WBC FLT3, NRAS, TP53 <0.05, <0.05, <0.05 AMC NRAS, NPM1, TP53 <0.001, <0.02, <0.02 ABC FLT3 NPM1 <0.049, <0.02 PB blast % FLT3, NPM1, TP53, CEBPA <0.000, <0.002, <0.005, <0.000 BM blast % FLT3, NRAS, NPM1, TP53, IDH1, CEBPA >0.000, <0.0000, <0.014, <0.004, <0.002, <0.012 AMC: absolute monocyte count, ABC: absolute basophil count, PB: peripheral blood, BM: bone marrow Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Eisfeld, Ann-Kathrin, Mark Westerman, Rainer Krahl, Sabine Leiblein, Uwe Gerd Liebert, Marianne Hehme, Dietger Niederwieser y Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali. "Elevated Serum Hepcidin in Patients with AML Prior to and After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Does Not Correlate with Transfusional Body Iron, HFE Genotype or Graft Versus Host Disease and May Protect From Excessive Parenchymal Iron Loading." Blood 114, n.º 22 (20 de noviembre de 2009): 4047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.4047.4047.

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Abstract Abstract 4047 Poster Board III-982 Hepcidin (hep), a 25-amino-acid peptide, is the central regulator of iron homeostasis. Its transcription is upregulated by inflammatory cytokines and iron and is downregulated by iron deficiency, ineffective erythropoiesis, and hypoxia. Also HFE gene mutations are associated with less liver hepcidin messenger RNA. Both inherited (HFE genotype) and treatment-related factors influencing hep expression in patients (pts) with AML prior to and after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) as blood transfusions (BT), body iron and anemia were studied. The impact of chemotherapy, conditioning regimen, and Graft versus Host Disease (GvHD) on serum hep was analysed. Patients and methods 42 consecutive pts (23 male/19 female, median age 57 [range:18-70] years) with AML who underwent allogeneic HCT from February, 2008 - February, 2009 at the University of Leipzig were included. Each patient was assessed 10 days prior to and at a median of 3 (range: 3-5) months after HCT. Donors were matched related in 8 (19%) and matched unrelated (MUD) in 34 (81%) pts. Preparative regimen consisted of 12 Gy TBI/cyclophosphamid 120 mg/kg (ATG was included for unrelated HCT) in 13 (31%) and fludarabin 30 mg/m2/day for 3 days/2 Gy TBI) in 29 (69%) pts. Acute GvHD > grade II was present in 13 (31%) and chronic GvHD in 17 (40%) pts. HFE genotype prior to and after HCT was assessed by PCR technique. Body iron was assessed by serum ferritin (sf) (normal values < 400ng/mL). Serum hep was measured by hepcidin C-ELISA at Intrinsic LifeSciences LLC, La Jolla, CA.(normal values: male 29-254 ng/mL, female: 17-286 ng/mL). Hep levels of 21 age-and gender-matched healthy volunteers (6 m/15 f, median age 57 years) were used as a control. Results Median serum hep was much higher in pts both prior to [median 358 (range:56-1096) ng/ml] and after HCT [median 398 (range:172-941) ng/ml] compared with the control group [median 52 (range:8.3-131) ng/ml] (p<0.0001). Age and gender had no influence on hep values. Similarly, liver function, interval between diagnosis and HCT, number of chemotherapies, conditioning regimen, antibiotic- or antifungal-treatments had no impact on hep level. Iron overload was already seen in all pts prior to HCT with a median sf of 1945 (range: 617-6981) ng/mL after a median number of 22 units BT. Although after HCT the number of BT mounted to a median of 30 units (p<0.0001), sf with a median of 2260 ng/mL remained elevated comparable to the level prior to HCT. Lower hep levels significantly correlated with fewer BT (p=0.001), but surprisingly not with sf values. Hep correlated inversely with the degree of anemia (p=0.002). Mutations in the HFE gene were found in 19 (46%) pts prior to HCT (heterozygosity (het) for H63D, n=11, het C282Y, n=3, het S65C, n=1, and homozygosity (homo) for H63D, n=4) and in 15 (37.5%) pts after HCT reflecting donor genotype (het for H63D,n=12, het C282Y, n=1, compound-het, n=1). Mutations in the HFE gene were not associated with lower hep levels. After HCT, 19 (45%) pts showed a decline in hep level of 155 (range: 394.8-9.5) ng/ml and 23 (55%) pts had an increase in hep levels of 138 (range: 43.3- 620.9) ng/ml compared with pre-transplantaion levels. None of the above mentioned parameters could predict or correlate with these changes in serum hep. Iron overload prior to HCT strongly correlated with later extensive chronic GvHD (p=0.003) and tended to correlate with limited GvHD (p=0.06). On the other hand, hep levels at any time point did not correlate with acute or later chronic GvHD. Conclusions Serum hepcidin is highly elevated in pts with AML prior to as well as after allogeneic HCT compared with healthy controls mainly because of frequent blood transfusions leading to elevated iron stores. This suggests that hepcidin synthesis and upregulation remain intact despite intensive chemotherapy and HCT. Hepcidin normally binds to ferroportin, leading to intracellular retention of iron in macrophages and to a reduction of extracellular serum iron. This may explain why serum hepcidin correlates with blood transfusions but not with serum ferritin values. Actually, overexpression of hepcidin may play an important protective role in this setting as it may prevent an increased ferroportin-mediated iron export from macrophages thereby reducing the severity of parenchymal iron loading and damage. Disclosures: Westerman: INTRINSIC LIFESCIENCES LLC: Consultancy, Employment, Equity Ownership. Hehme:Novartis: Employment. Niederwieser:Novartis: Speakers Bureau. Al-Ali:Novartis: Research Funding.

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Kuhn, Matthew J., Julia W. Patriarche, Douglas Patriarche, Miles A. Kirchin, Massimo Bona y Gianpaolo Pirovano. "The TRUTH confirmed: validation of an intraindividual comparison of gadobutrol and gadoteridol for imaging of glioblastoma using quantitative enhancement analysis". European Radiology Experimental 5, n.º 1 (12 de octubre de 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41747-021-00240-2.

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Abstract Background Previous intraindividual comparative studies evaluating gadobutrol and gadoteridol for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain tumours have relied on subjective image assessment, potentially leading to misleading conclusions. We used artificial intelligence algorithms to objectively compare the enhancement achieved with these contrast agents in glioblastoma patients. Methods Twenty-seven patients from a prior study who received identical doses of 0.1 mmol/kg gadobutrol and gadoteridol (with appropriate washout in between) were evaluated. Quantitative enhancement (QE) maps of the normalised enhancement of voxels, derived from computations based on the comparison of contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images relative to the harmonised intensity on unenhanced T1-weighted images, were compared. Bland-Altman analysis, linear regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) determination were performed to compare net QE and per-region of interest (per-ROI) average QE (net QE divided by the number of voxels). Results No significant differences were observed for comparisons performed on net QE (mean difference -24.37 ± 620.8, p = 0.840, r = 0.989) or per-ROI average QE (0.0043 ± 0.0218, p = 0.313, r = 0.958). Bland-Altman analysis revealed better per-ROI average QE for gadoteridol-enhanced MRI in 19/27 (70.4%) patients although the mean difference (0.0043) was close to zero indicating high concordance and the absence of fixed bias. Conclusions The enhancement of glioblastoma achieved with gadoteridol and gadobutrol at 0.1 mmol/kg bodyweight is similar indicating that these agents have similar contrast efficacy and can be used interchangeably, confirming the results of a prior double-blind, randomised, intraindividual, crossover study.

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"Satellite-Based Flood Inundation and Damage Assessment". Journal of Robotics and Automation Research 3, n.º 2 (30 de mayo de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.33140/jrar.03.02.10.

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Because recurring floods in the Philippines have become more damaging throughout time, risk assessments, quantifying, and visualizing flood damages as accurately as possible become imperative. To deal with an up-todate database and a practical assessment tool, a satellite imagery-based method was used which aimed to map flood inundation and estimate damages brought by the flood during Typhoon Ulysses. This paper presents a framework for an integrated flood risk management in a river basin context with the following components as follows: 1) collection of the comprehensive database containing information relevant for flood analysis; 2) use of a satellite-imagery based method for flood inundation map using Google Earth engine; 3) validation of map accuracy through quick post-flood participatory approach. Analysis of the recent flood inundation event in November 2020 in Cagayan Valley, Philippines showed the inundation of an extensive area of 620.88 km2 affecting the Cagayan province at 55.91% and Isabela province at 44% share of inundation. The flood severely affected approximately 614.05 km2 of the total croplands. Using a participatory validation approach, the overall accuracy of datasets used is 97.78% while flood extent is 95%. Through this study, the framework, approach, and methodology can be replicated in other locations in the Philippines and in other countries which recurrently experience flooding.

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Khan, Rizwan, Muhammad Imran, Amir Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Waqas Iqbal, Sohail Mumtaz, Shaik Abdul Munnaf, Mohammad Shahidul Islam, Rida Sajjad, Nimra Muzaffar y M. Z. Yaqoob. "Synthesis of CNTs Doped Nickel Copper-Sulfides Composite Electrode Material for High-Performance Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Device". ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology, 13 de octubre de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad0326.

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Abstract The hybrid supercapacitor combines the exceptional life span and unique power characteristics of supercapacitors (SCs) with the amazing energy density properties of batteries. In this study, nickel-copper sulfide (NiCuS) was produced hydrothermally, and then physically incorporated into carbon nanotubes. The electrical characteristics of the material were carefully investigated using both a three-electrode and a two-electrode configuration. The exceptional specific capacity of 1110.0 C/g at 2 A/g in the three-electrode system was demonstrated by the NiCuS@CNT composite. The NiCuS@CNT composite was used for the positive electrode in the asymmetric device arrangement, while activated carbon was used for the negative electrode. For the NiCuS@CNT composite, the exceptional configuration resulted in a remarkable specific capacity of 620.9 C/g at a 1.5 A/g rate. The material also showed a remarkable power density of 2165.0 W/kg with an amazing energy density of 29.5 Wh/kg. This composite material is distinguished for its remarkable capacity retention, maintaining an amazing 88.2% of its capacity after 8000 cycles. This emphasizes its continued stability and the possibility of having a longer operating lifespan. By advancing energy storage technologies, this dynamic integration might provide brand-new, exciting opportunities.

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Khrbeet, H. K. "INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF ZINC ON SEED YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN SOME ALFALFA VARIETIES". IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 49, n.º 3 (1 de diciembre de 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v49i3.103.

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This study was carried out at the experimental farm College of Agriculture; Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad, Iraq during from end of march 2014 to mid of August 2015. The main objective was to find out the effect of zinc concentration (0, 30, 60 and 90) mg.L-1 on seed yield and its components of four alfalfa varieties (Local, Hamaddan, Vernal and Lodi). Layout of the experiment was R.C.B.D arranged within split –plots with three replications. Zinc concentration were used as main plot, while varieties were used as sub-plot. Results, showed that foliar application of zinc at concentration more than 30 mg.L-1 (60 and 90 mg.L-1) resulted in a significant increment in the No. of ovules floret-1, No. of seed pod-1, No. of stems m-2, No. of racemes stem-1, No. of pods raceme-1 and seed yield. Kg.ha-1 in contrast, percent of ovules abortion was significantly reduced, while 1000 seed weight was not significantly influenced by Zinc concentrations. Highest seed yield (535.0 Kg.ha-1) was obtained when Zinc added at level 60 mg.L-1. Local var. produces higher No. of ovules floret-1, No. of seed pod-1, No. of stem.m-2, and No. of racemes stem-1 and it was significantly different than other varieties except var. Hamddan. Increasing of all these traits resulted in increasing of seed yield in local var. (532.5 Kg.ha-1. There was high positive correlation between seed yield and each of seed set, No. of stem. m-2 and No. of pods raceme-1 (+ 0.75**, +0.66** and 0.78**) respectively. This result may be indicating that these traits could be used as good selection criteria for breeding and improving seed yield in alfalfa varieties. highest seed yield (620.2 Kg.ha-1) can be obtained by seeding local variety. and spray the stands with Zinc at concentration 60 mg.L-1.

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Agarwal, Saumya, Anshul Trivedi, Chandan K. Kusum, Roma Goswami y Apoorva Mowar. "A Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Effect of Abutment Materials on Stress Distribution around Peri-Implant Bone in Immediate and Delayed Loading Conditions". JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2022/55199.16523.

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Introduction: Osseointegration is important for successful dental implant treatments. Abutment materials affect the load transfer to the implant and surrounding bone thus determining the long term implant survival. Aim: Stress analysis around peri-implant hard tissue with different abutment materials and their comparative evaluation in immediate and delayed loading conditions using finite element analysis. Material and Methods: An in-vitro experimental study was carried out on a root form titanium grade IV Implant, assembled with an abutment Ø4.0-0.5GH and this test model was Threedimensional (3D) scanned, reconstructed on Computer-aided design software CREO. Six abutment groups: Group 1- Zirconia with DL (Delayed Loading), Group 2- Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) with DL, Group 3- Titanium grade Extra Low Interstitial (ELI) with DL, Group 4- Zirconia with IL (Immediate Loading), Group 5- PEEK with IL, Group 6- Titanium Grade ELI with IL, were loaded from vertical, horizontal and oblique direction. Von Mises and principal stress analysis was done on the implant and the peri-implant bone using the finite element method and the statistical analysis was done. Results: For delayed loading group, highest stresses were generated in group 1 (462.88 MPa), followed by group 3 (413.72 MPa) and least in group 2 (319.38 MPa). For immediate loading, highest to lowest stresses were in group 4 (694.32 MPa), Group 6 (620.58 MPa) and group 5 (479.07 MPa). The principal stress analysis showed significant difference between all groups in cancellous bone and cortical bone except between titanium and customised zirconia abutment in cortical bone in delayed loading (p=0.0846) and in immediate loading (p=0.1125). Conclusion: Change in abutment materials significantly affects the stress generated in and around the implant thus more studies must be carried out to reach a consensus on the most optimal material encouraging least dissipation in peri-implant hard tissues.

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Leeming, Emily R., Olatz Mompeo, Pauline Turk, Ruth C. E. Bowyer, Panayiotis Louca, Abigail J. Johnson, Tim D. Spector, Caroline Le Roy y Rachel Gibson. "Characterisation, procedures and heritability of acute dietary intake in the Twins UK cohort: an observational study". Nutrition Journal 21, n.º 1 (27 de febrero de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-022-00763-3.

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Abstract Background Estimated food records (EFR) are a common dietary assessment method. This investigation aimed to; (1) define the reporting quality of the EFR, (2) characterise acute dietary intake and eating behaviours, (3) describe diet heritability. Methods A total of 1974 one-day EFR were collected from 1858 participants in the TwinsUK cohort between 2012 and 2017. EFR were assessed using a six-point scoring system to determine reporting quality. The frequency and co-occurrence of food items was examined using word clouds and co-occurrence networks. The impact of eating behaviours on weight, BMI and nutrient intake were explored using mixed-effect linear regression models. Finally, diet heritability was estimated using ACE modelling. Results We observed that 75% of EFR are of acceptable reporting quality (score > 5). Black tea and semi-skimmed milk were the most consumed items, on an individual basis (respectively 8.27, 6.25%) and paired (0.21%) as co-occurring items. Breakfast consumption had a significantly (p = 5.99 × 10− 7) greater impact on energy (kcal) (mean 1874.67 (±SD 532.42)) than skipping breakfast (1700.45 (±SD 620.98)), however only length of eating window was significantly associated with body weight (kg) (effect size 0.21 (±SD 0.10), p = 0.05) and BMI (effect size 0.08 (±SD 0.04), p = 0.04) after adjustment for relevant covariates. Lastly, we reported that both length of eating window (h2 = 33%, CI 0.24; 0.41), and breakfast consumption (h2 = 11%, CI 0.02; 0.21) were weakly heritable. Conclusions EFR describing acute dietary intake allow for eating behaviour characterisation and can supplement habitual diet intake assessments. Novel findings of heritability warrant further investigation.

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Cherevko, O., V. Mykhaylov, A. Zahorulko, A. Zahorulko y A. Borysova. "COLOR CHARACTERISTICS OF DRIED THREE-COMPONENT FRUIT AND BERRY PASTES". Food Science and Technology 12, n.º 1 (10 de abril de 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/fst.v12i1.840.

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Color characteristics of compositions of three-component fruit and berry pastes before and after infrared drying are determined. The compositions were prepared on the basis of apples, cranberries, and hawthorn with increased nutrition value and therapeutic and prophylactic properties, according to the suggested recipe. The ratio of the components in the first composition is 60 : 30 : 10, in the second, 65 : 25 : 10, and in the third, 55 : 40 : 5. The resulting compositions were controlled by the control (apple paste). To dry the compositions obtained, it is proposed to use a roller IR dryer based on a flexible resistive film electric heater of emitting type. The prepared paste compositions are reddish-orange according to the color characteristics determined. Color characteristics of dried three-component fruit and berry pastes are also determined. The wavelength of composition 1 is 498 nm, and those of compositions 2 and 3 are 620.5 and 589.4 nm, respectively. The first composition is bluish-purple, with tone purity 34.7 %. Composition 2 is red (34.8 %), composition 3 is bluish-red (34.6 %). The comparison of the color characteristics of compositions of three-component fruit and berry pastes before and after infrared drying as for the brightness and tone purity of the samples indicates a slight change in brightness within 2—6 %. Reduction of the color purity to almost a half is due to the drying shrinkage of the mass of raw materials and obtaining a visual color of the compositions that is attractive for a consumer. According to the results of expert evaluation of the quality indices of dried three-component fruit and berry paste compositions, a certain advantage is determined of the dried composition with the following ratio of components in the recipe: apple, cranberry, hawthorn — 60 : 30 : 10 (composition 1). The suggested compositions of dried three-component fruit and berry paste are recommended for use in food rations as an independent product, as well as for manufacturing flour products, soft drinks and spirits, confectionery and bakery products.

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Sen, Anagha, Prerna Kumar y Kailash N. Pandey. "Abstract P195: Transforming Growth Factor beta 1-Mediated Repression of Guanylyl Cyclase/Natriuretic Peptide Receptor-A Gene Expression and Function Involving TGF-beta 1 and Delta EF1 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells". Hypertension 66, suppl_1 (septiembre de 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hyp.66.suppl_1.p195.

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The binding of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (ANP and BNP) to guanylyl cyclase-A/natriuretic peptide receptor-A (GC-A/NPR-A) produces second messenger cGMP, which lowers blood pressure and prevents cardiovascular events. The objective of the present study was to examine the repressive effect of transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) in the regulation of Npr1 (coding for GC-A/NPRA) gene expression and function. The rat thoracic aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (RTASMC) were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and treated with TGF-β1. The luciferase assay results showed that TGF-β1 significantly repressed Npr1 promoter activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner by 82% and 85% (2.5 ng/ml, 25.51 ± 2.2 and 24 h, 7.0 ± 0.6 vs. untreated control 70.06 ± 4.6, p < 0.001, respectively). Treatment with TGF-β1 decreased NPRA mRNA and protein levels by 62% (treated, 0.42 ± 0.05 vs. control, 0.9 ± 0.02, p < 0.01) and 55% (treated, 9603 ± 860 vs. untreated, 22211 ± 1449, p < 0.01), respectively. TGF-β1 attenuated ANP-dependent intracellular accumulation of cGMP by 59% (TGF-β1 + ANP-treated, 8.66 ± 0.9 pmol/1x 106 cells vs. ANP-treated cells 23.51 ± 2.2; p < 0.001). Chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that TGF-β1 enhanced the recruitment of transcription factor delta EF1 (δEF1) to form a transcriptional repressor complex with their binding sites in Npr1 promoter. Western blot analysis showed significant increase in δEF1 protein expression by 2.4-fold (treated, 907.9 ± 36.5. vs. untreated, 378.5 ± 10.3; p < 0.001) and phosphorylation of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 (SMAD2/3) proteins by 2.3-fold (treated, 620.9 ± 10.6 vs. untreated, 269 ± 9.7; p < 0.01) in TGF-β1-treated cells. Collectively, the present results demonstrate that TGF-β1 represses Npr1 gene transcription and expression by interactive actions of δEF1 and phosphorylated SMADs. Together, the present results suggest that TGF-β1 and δEF1 inhibit Npr1 gene expression and function, which may be critical in regulating the blood pressure and cardiovascular homeostasis.

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