Tesis sobre el tema "3D skin model"
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Nun, Nicholas. "Improving Skin Wound Healing Using Functional Electrospun Wound Dressings and 3D Printed Tissue Engineering Constructs". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1617985844538101.
Texto completoGkouma, Savvini. "Engineering Vascularized Skin Tissue in a 3D format supported by Recombinant Spider Silk". Thesis, KTH, Proteinteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-283605.
Texto completoHaridas, Parvathi. "In vitro characterisation of melanoma progression in a melanoma skin equivalent model". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/118574/1/Parvathi_Haridas_Thesis.pdf.
Texto completoHassan, Asha. "The novel interactions of Necator americanus with the innate immune system and the development of a 3D immunocompetent model of human skin". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50382/.
Texto completoLebeko, Maribanyana Robert. "The use of in vitro 2d co-culture models to determine the optimal keratinocyte: melanocyte ratio to be used in the development of pigmented 3d skin model". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16564.
Texto completoBurn injuries are among the most devastating of all injuries and a major global public health crisis, with fire related burns accounting for approximately 265 000 deaths annually. The African continent, most especially Sub-Saharan Africa, has the second highest mortality rates (15% of global mortality rates). In South Africa, 3.2 % of the total population sustains burn injuries, with 50 % of these cases as children under the age of20 years. Studies have also shown that most of these incidences are prevalent within the age groups of 0-5 years, and account for the 3rd most common cause of mortality in children under the age of 15 years. In depth knowledge and understanding of cellular facets of wound healing has allowed for a greater stance in the interventions aimed at circumventing problems associated with development of effective wound defects treatment regimen. Burn treatment options are largely dependent on the degree and extensiveness of burns. A wide body of literature exists with regards to traditional as well as current treatment options. These include, for instance the use of various forms of skin auto-grafts. Despite such great success with all kinds of innovative ideas surrounding the use of autologous skin grafting, lack of available donor sites for skin grafts still remains a problem, more so in cases where patients suffer burns spanning more than 70% TBSA. This therefore has inspired the design and use of bioengineered skin substitutes as well as cultured/non-cultured autologous epidermal cells. Unfortunately, to date, no tissue engineering technique has fully been able to recapitulate the anatomy and physiology of the skin, or has attained the biological stability as well as achieving the aesthetic outcome. Several hurdles are yet to be overcome to achieve this. Amongst many, inclusion of melanocytes, other skin appendages as well as potential progenitor cells is some of the attributes of an ideal 3D skin equivalent. Therefore pigmented 3D skin constructs are of great interest as they address not only the issues of complete wound healing, but also the aesthetic outcomes. In light of this, correct keratinocyte to melanocyte ratios are also of great importance in designing such pigmented 3D constructs. Therefore the major aim of this study was to isolate skin melanocytes and keratinocytes, and co-culture them at different ratios in order to attain optimal pigment production and/or consequent improved wound healing outcome. To determine the best keratinocyte to melanocyte ratio to use in developing pigmented3D skin constructs, the following co-culture ratios were used: 5:1, 10:1 and 20:1.Proliferation assays were employed to further elucidate the growth dynamics of both human skin melanocytes and keratinocytes in either mono- or co-culture system. Secondly, FACS was used to develop a reliable technique to be used to separate the two cell types from a co-culture system in order to perform downstream analyses. Thirdly, to establish the roles of the co-cultured cells in wound healing (with regards to proliferation and migration), scratch wound healing assays were employed. Lastly, FACS was used to infer the effect of such ratios on pigment production. Our results demonstrated that keratinocytes, compared to melanocytes mono-cultures have higher proliferation capacity. On the contrary melanocyte's proliferation is up-regulated by the presence of keratinocytes in a co-culture, whereas higher numbers of melanocytes in co-culture with keratinocytes resulted in less proliferative keratinocyte phenotype. The FACS separation technique worked excellently in identifying keratinocyte population from melanocytes, with an almost 100% accuracy. This is shown by melanocytes being sorted as 93% of MART-1 + cells in a mono-culture, followed by an approximately 5:1 separation of keratinocytes from melanocytes (77% Kc and 17% Mc). In vitro scratch assays demonstrated that none of the co-culture ratios was significantly superior with regards to wound healing capacities and pigment production, in the absence of fibroblast-conditioned medium. In conclusion, the 5:1 co-culture ratio seemed to yield a non-significant, yet best outcome with regards to wound healing capacity (only in the presence of fibroblast-derived factors), thus conferring it as a potential optimal ratio of keratinocytes to melanocytes, to be used in development of our pigmented 3D constructs.
Ali-, von Laue Cherine Mohamed Ossama Mohamed [Verfasser]. "Novel Polymerase Inhibitors : characterisation of a nanocarrier and activity testing in a 3D non-melanoma skin tumour model / Cherine Mohamed Ali (Ali- von Laue)". Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1026358027/34.
Texto completoGörig, Michal. "Výpočet dynamických sil jističe 250A". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221262.
Texto completoLemmens, Joseph M. H. "3D reconstructed skin equivalent models for irritant testing". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13807/.
Texto completoLumpkins, Sarah B. "Space radiation-induced bystander signaling in 2D and 3D skin tissue models". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70817.
Texto completoPage 157 blank. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-156).
Space radiation poses a significant hazard to astronauts on long-duration missions, and the low fluences of charged particles characteristic of this field suggest that bystander effects, the phenomenon in which a greater number of cells exhibit damage than expected based on the number of cells traversed by radiation, could be significant contributors to overall cell damage. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate bystander effects due to signaling between different cell types cultured within 2D and 3D tissue architectures. 2D bystander signaling was investigated using a transwell insert system in which normal human fibroblasts (A) and keratinocytes (K) were irradiated with 1 GeV/n protons or iron ions at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory using doses from either 2 Gy (protons) or 1 Gy (iron ions) down to spacerelevant low fluences. Medium-mediated bystander responses were investigated using three cell signaling combinations. Bystander signaling was also investigated in a 3D model by developing tissue constructs consisting of fibroblasts embedded in a collagen matrix with a keratinocyte epidermal layer. Bystander experiments were conducted by splitting each construct in half and exposing half to radiation then placing the other half in direct contact with the irradiated tissue on a transwell insert. Cell damage was evaluated primarily as formation of foci of the DNA repair-related protein 53BP1. In the 2D system, both protons and iron ions yielded a strong dose dependence for the induction of 53BP1 in irradiated cells, while the magnitudes and time courses of bystander responses were dependent on radiation quality. Furthermore, bystander effects were present in all three cell signaling combinations even at the low proton particle fluences used, suggesting the potential importance of including these effects in cancer risk models for low-dose space radiation exposures. Cells cultured in the 3D constructs exhibited a significant reduction in the percentages of both direct and bystander cells positive for 53BP1 foci, although the qualitative kinetics of DNA damage and repair were similar to those observed in 2D. These results provide evidence that the microenvironment significantly influences intercellular signaling and that cells may be more radioresistant in 3D compared to 2D systems.
by Sarah B. Lumpkins.
Sc.D.
Henriksson, Matilda. "Second Skin : To wear a space". Thesis, Konstfack, Inredningsarkitektur & Möbeldesign, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-6957.
Texto completoRaza, Ahtasham. "Development of 3D skin models for the detection of human melanoma using phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9330/.
Texto completoBlahož, Vladimír. "Vizualizace 3D scény pro ovládání robota". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236501.
Texto completoPečenka, Michal. "3D animace postavy v počítačové grafice". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235981.
Texto completoPawar, Gopal. "Exploring the utility of 3D-skin models to evaluate trans-dermal uptake of flame retardants from indoor dust and consumer products". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7690/.
Texto completoLu, Biao. "Evaluation of physico-chemical properties of biorefinery-derived amphiphilic molecules and their effects on multi-scale biological models". Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2218/document.
Texto completoNowadays, a wide variety of new molecules can derive from biomass. Among them, the family of sugar-based surfactants, which are considered as alternatives to fossil-based surfactants, due to their relatively high biodegradability and biocompatibility, exhibit interesting properties both in terms of their self-assembly and their ability to induce biological responses. In the study, for the purpose to analyse these properties, different methodologies have been established. In this work, physico-chemistry and cellular biology methodologies are associated to analyse the properties of pre-selected molecules characterized by gradua) structure modifications. Firstly, we have screened synthesized sugar-based surfactants according to their solubility and their ability to reduce surface tension of water. Four pre-selected molecules, with a C8 chain linked to a glucose or maltose head through an amide functional group, either under the form of carbamoyl (carbohydrate scaffold bearing the carbonyl) or alkylcarboxamide (the alkyl chain bearing the carbonyl), were then dissolved in water/ cell culture media for surface tension measurements. Their behaviors in solutions were characterized by Krafft points, Critical Micellar Concentrations or self-assembling properties through different methods. To evaluate the cytotoxic/ irritant effects of these molecules on cells and tissues, 3 in-vitro models were established: I) 2D cell culture mode! (L929 cell monolayer) II) 3D ce!! culture mode! (L929 cells embedded in collagen gel) and III) Reconstituted human epidermis (differentiated human keratinocytes). Corresponding experiments were carried out on these models with increasing complexity. Results show that the synthesized sugar-based surfactants, GlulamideC8, Glu6amideC8, Glu6amideC8' and MallamideC8 can reduce the surface tension of water solution to the came level as standard surfactants (Tween 20 and Hecameg). In the meantime, GlulamideC8, Glu6amideC8' and MallamideC8 present Iess cytotoxicity effects on L929 cells both in the monolayer model and the 3D mode! than Tween 20 and Hecameg. All synthesized and standard surfactants (GlulamideC8, Glu6amideC8, Gu6amideC8', MallamideC8, Tween 20 and Hecameg) have no significant cytotoxic/ irritant effects on reconstituted human epidermis at 1000 ig/mL after 48 h of topical application. Discussions have been made according to the results of experiments to establish possible structures/ physico-chemical properties - cytotoxicity relationships of these surfactants
El, Sayed Abdul Rahman. "Traitement des objets 3D et images par les méthodes numériques sur graphes". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMLH19/document.
Texto completoSkin detection involves detecting pixels corresponding to human skin in a color image. The faces constitute a category of stimulus important by the wealth of information that they convey because before recognizing any person it is essential to locate and recognize his face. Most security and biometrics applications rely on the detection of skin regions such as face detection, 3D adult object filtering, and gesture recognition. In addition, saliency detection of 3D mesh is an important pretreatment phase for many computer vision applications. 3D segmentation based on salient regions has been widely used in many computer vision applications such as 3D shape matching, object alignments, 3D point-point smoothing, searching images on the web, image indexing by content, video segmentation and face detection and recognition. The detection of skin is a very difficult task for various reasons generally related to the variability of the shape and the color to be detected (different hues from one person to another, orientation and different sizes, lighting conditions) and especially for images from the web captured under different light conditions. There are several known approaches to skin detection: approaches based on geometry and feature extraction, motion-based approaches (background subtraction (SAP), difference between two consecutive images, optical flow calculation) and color-based approaches. In this thesis, we propose numerical optimization methods for the detection of skins color and salient regions on 3D meshes and 3D point clouds using a weighted graph. Based on these methods, we provide 3D face detection approaches using Linear Programming and Data Mining. In addition, we adapted our proposed methods to solve the problem of simplifying 3D point clouds and matching 3D objects. In addition, we show the robustness and efficiency of our proposed methods through different experimental results. Finally, we show the stability and robustness of our methods with respect to noise
Morais, Ana Elisa Sousa. "Cellulose nanofibril-cell adhesive peptide conjugates for 3D printed skin tissue model". Master's thesis, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/88425.
Texto completoMorais, Ana Elisa Sousa. "Cellulose nanofibril-cell adhesive peptide conjugates for 3D printed skin tissue model". Dissertação, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/88425.
Texto completoBaumbach, Christina-Marie. "Organotypic co-culture of bovine keratinocytes and fibroblasts as a 3D skin model for studying the pathogenesis of digital dermatitis". 2016. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A37774.
Texto completoBovine digital dermatitis (DD) is a worldwide occurring, infectious disease in cattle primarily affecting the plantar skin above the coronary band near the interdigital cleft on hind feet. Painful ulceroproliferative lesions with acute and chronic appearances lead to behavioral changes and lameness. Hence, DD has a major impact on animal welfare and performance. Substantial efforts in investigating the etiology of the disease revealed a synergistic origin with evidence for a multibacterial infection and the strong involvement of bacteria from the genus Treponema. As the interaction between host, pathogen and environment is not negligible, surrounding circumstances such as housing, general hygiene and genetic predispositions have been investigated intensively. Nevertheless, infection reservoirs, transmission routes and pathomechanisms remain widely unclear. To better understand the cellular and molecular events during Treponema-infection of bovine skin, it was the specific aim of this study to establish an organotypic in vitro skin model, which could be challenged with the causative agent of the disease. A technique to reliably and reproducibly isolate primary keratinocytes and fibroblasts from the site of infection was established. Appropriate cell culture media for the long-term cultivation and storage of bovine skin cells were identified. Two different methods to develop the skin model were compared. The second strategy in which keratinocytes were directly seeded on top of a dermal equivalent, i.e. a bovine collagen type I pad with embedded post-mitotic fibroblasts, gave rise to a promising organotypic skin equivalent. The incorporated post-mitotic fibroblasts showed a characteristic cell morphology with intact nuclei. The terminal differentiation of the keratinocytes on top of the dermal equivalent was shown with anti-K14 and anti-Dsg1 immunofluorescence stainings. The results of initial Treponema-experiments proved that the skin equivalent is a suitable model to investigate the underlying mechanisms during Treponema-infection of bovine skin and hence, the pathogenesis of DD.
Teixeira, Maria Beatriz Costa. "Development of 3D epidermal models: towards the development of a skin model for studies of the autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS)". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/49398.
Texto completoThe skin is a complex organ mainly responsible for protecting the body from external threats and maintaining homeostasis. It is a complex three-dimensional structure that is composed of two main compartments, the dermis and the epidermis. Due to increasing ethical and legal pressure on animal usage in research, reconstructed 3D human skin models have been gaining popularity. These models mimic human skin architecture in vitro and allow relatively easy manipulation to meet specific needs. Some rare diseases remain poorly studied and could take advantage of this technology. One example is the Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) which is an early-onset neurological disease that was first described in Quebec, Canada, but cases have been reported worldwide. Patients suffer from spasticity and lack of coordination of muscle movements, resulting in an early wheelchair dependence and premature death. ARSACS is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the SACS gene, leading to a defective sacsin protein. Sacsin loss of function has been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormalities in the organization of intermediate filaments, but the complete picture is still unclear. Evidence of abnormalities in the skin of ARSACS patients has been reported, making this disease an interesting candidate to be studied using in vitro skin models. In this work, two different human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT and N/TERT-1) were used to create new human epidermal models using a polycarbonate inert matrix. The localization of different keratins and other markers (keratins 10, 14 and 15, and involucrin) were studied to characterize epidermal differentiation and stratification. Sacsin expression was analyzed in different cell lines and sacsin knockdown was attempted in HaCaT keratinocytes using lentiviral shRNAs. The HaCaT cell line was unable to recreate the normal multi-layer architecture of native skin nor the stratum corneum. This cell line expressed low amounts of the sacsin protein, and no difference was observed between the knockdown and the control by western blot. N/TERT-1 keratinocytes generated a stratified epidermis with all the normal layers present, including the stratum corneum. Complete epidermal differentiation was confirmed by the differential expression of epidermal markers. K14 expression was limited to the basal layer, while K10 was expressed in the upper layers, as expected. Involucrin was mostly expressed in the stratum granulosum and K15 expression was overall very low, indicating a successful differentiation. Sacsin expression was verified in different skin cells (HEKn, HDFn, and N/TERT-1), and N/TERT-1 expressed sacsin in amounts slightly lower than primary human keratinocytes. These findings suggest that the N/TERT-1 cell line has more potential to produce an epidermal skin model with an ARSACS phenotype, which can prove an important tool in future research. Despite the existing knowledge about sacsin structure and function, a lot is still unknown about this protein and how it causes the symptoms underlying ARSACS disease. Advances in this topic could contribute to the development of therapies that could cure or tackle some of ARSACS symptoms to ensure a better quality of life for the patients.