Tesis sobre el tema "3D skin infection model"
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IDREES, AYESHA. "Development of 3D skin model and 3D skin infection model, as advanced testing tools for the bio-evaluation of antimicrobial biomaterials for wound healing". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2743229.
Texto completoNun, Nicholas. "Improving Skin Wound Healing Using Functional Electrospun Wound Dressings and 3D Printed Tissue Engineering Constructs". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1617985844538101.
Texto completoOble, Darryl. "A TCR transgenic model of infection-induced autoimmune psoriasiform skin disease". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31199.
Texto completoScience, Faculty of
Microbiology and Immunology, Department of
Graduate
Gkouma, Savvini. "Engineering Vascularized Skin Tissue in a 3D format supported by Recombinant Spider Silk". Thesis, KTH, Proteinteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-283605.
Texto completoHaridas, Parvathi. "In vitro characterisation of melanoma progression in a melanoma skin equivalent model". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/118574/1/Parvathi_Haridas_Thesis.pdf.
Texto completoHassan, Asha. "The novel interactions of Necator americanus with the innate immune system and the development of a 3D immunocompetent model of human skin". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50382/.
Texto completoAli-, von Laue Cherine Mohamed Ossama Mohamed [Verfasser]. "Novel Polymerase Inhibitors : characterisation of a nanocarrier and activity testing in a 3D non-melanoma skin tumour model / Cherine Mohamed Ali (Ali- von Laue)". Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1026358027/34.
Texto completoRontard, Jessica. "Evaluation expérimentale du risque prion lié aux porteurs asymptomatiques chez l'Homme et le macaque". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLET008/document.
Texto completoThe detection of abnormal prion protein in the lymphoid tissues of UK patients suggests that after exposure to the agent of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), more than 99% of contaminations may remain clinically silent. These data highlight a risk of secondary transmission through blood transfusion. In parallel to the classical vCJD forms, our experimental models in mice and macaques revealed another group which avoids the current diagnostic criteria, including the absence of abnormal prion protein (PrPres).The main goal of our work was to experimentally assess the risk of blood through retransmission studies and characterization of the abnormal replication of classical and atypical strains examined at peripheral and central levels.We observed a high heterogeneity of the distribution of the abnormal PrP in the lymphoid tissues of vCJD transfused macaques. The global level of contamination in lymphoid tissues seems proportional to the blood infectivity in these animals and to the risk of in vivo transmission of the disease. Regarding atypical forms, despite an absence of replication in lymphoid tissues, these phenotypes are experimentally transmissible. Transmissions to immunodeficient mice reveal that atypical strains are transmissible through peripheral routes in the absence of functional immune system.An alternative to animal testing has been achieved using to "mini-brains" mimicking the complexity of the human nervous system. These organoids cultured in three dimensions are sensitive to at least one prion isolate associated with human sporadic forms. Thus, mini-brains could constitute a new tool for studying prion diseases and improve the characterization of atypical strains
Lebeko, Maribanyana Robert. "The use of in vitro 2d co-culture models to determine the optimal keratinocyte: melanocyte ratio to be used in the development of pigmented 3d skin model". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16564.
Texto completoBurn injuries are among the most devastating of all injuries and a major global public health crisis, with fire related burns accounting for approximately 265 000 deaths annually. The African continent, most especially Sub-Saharan Africa, has the second highest mortality rates (15% of global mortality rates). In South Africa, 3.2 % of the total population sustains burn injuries, with 50 % of these cases as children under the age of20 years. Studies have also shown that most of these incidences are prevalent within the age groups of 0-5 years, and account for the 3rd most common cause of mortality in children under the age of 15 years. In depth knowledge and understanding of cellular facets of wound healing has allowed for a greater stance in the interventions aimed at circumventing problems associated with development of effective wound defects treatment regimen. Burn treatment options are largely dependent on the degree and extensiveness of burns. A wide body of literature exists with regards to traditional as well as current treatment options. These include, for instance the use of various forms of skin auto-grafts. Despite such great success with all kinds of innovative ideas surrounding the use of autologous skin grafting, lack of available donor sites for skin grafts still remains a problem, more so in cases where patients suffer burns spanning more than 70% TBSA. This therefore has inspired the design and use of bioengineered skin substitutes as well as cultured/non-cultured autologous epidermal cells. Unfortunately, to date, no tissue engineering technique has fully been able to recapitulate the anatomy and physiology of the skin, or has attained the biological stability as well as achieving the aesthetic outcome. Several hurdles are yet to be overcome to achieve this. Amongst many, inclusion of melanocytes, other skin appendages as well as potential progenitor cells is some of the attributes of an ideal 3D skin equivalent. Therefore pigmented 3D skin constructs are of great interest as they address not only the issues of complete wound healing, but also the aesthetic outcomes. In light of this, correct keratinocyte to melanocyte ratios are also of great importance in designing such pigmented 3D constructs. Therefore the major aim of this study was to isolate skin melanocytes and keratinocytes, and co-culture them at different ratios in order to attain optimal pigment production and/or consequent improved wound healing outcome. To determine the best keratinocyte to melanocyte ratio to use in developing pigmented3D skin constructs, the following co-culture ratios were used: 5:1, 10:1 and 20:1.Proliferation assays were employed to further elucidate the growth dynamics of both human skin melanocytes and keratinocytes in either mono- or co-culture system. Secondly, FACS was used to develop a reliable technique to be used to separate the two cell types from a co-culture system in order to perform downstream analyses. Thirdly, to establish the roles of the co-cultured cells in wound healing (with regards to proliferation and migration), scratch wound healing assays were employed. Lastly, FACS was used to infer the effect of such ratios on pigment production. Our results demonstrated that keratinocytes, compared to melanocytes mono-cultures have higher proliferation capacity. On the contrary melanocyte's proliferation is up-regulated by the presence of keratinocytes in a co-culture, whereas higher numbers of melanocytes in co-culture with keratinocytes resulted in less proliferative keratinocyte phenotype. The FACS separation technique worked excellently in identifying keratinocyte population from melanocytes, with an almost 100% accuracy. This is shown by melanocytes being sorted as 93% of MART-1 + cells in a mono-culture, followed by an approximately 5:1 separation of keratinocytes from melanocytes (77% Kc and 17% Mc). In vitro scratch assays demonstrated that none of the co-culture ratios was significantly superior with regards to wound healing capacities and pigment production, in the absence of fibroblast-conditioned medium. In conclusion, the 5:1 co-culture ratio seemed to yield a non-significant, yet best outcome with regards to wound healing capacity (only in the presence of fibroblast-derived factors), thus conferring it as a potential optimal ratio of keratinocytes to melanocytes, to be used in development of our pigmented 3D constructs.
Görig, Michal. "Výpočet dynamických sil jističe 250A". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221262.
Texto completoMorais, Ana Elisa Sousa. "Cellulose nanofibril-cell adhesive peptide conjugates for 3D printed skin tissue model". Master's thesis, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/88425.
Texto completoMorais, Ana Elisa Sousa. "Cellulose nanofibril-cell adhesive peptide conjugates for 3D printed skin tissue model". Dissertação, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/88425.
Texto completoCrompton, R., H. Williams, David M. Ansell, Laura Campbell, K. Holden, S. Cruickshank y M. J. Hardman. "Oestrogen promotes healing in a bacterial LPS model of delayed cutaneous wound repair". 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17812.
Texto completoWound infection is a major clinical problem, yet understanding of bacterial host interactions in the skin remains limited. Microbe-derived molecules, known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns, are recognised in barrier tissues by pattern-recognition receptors. In particular, the pathogen-associated molecular pattern, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of microbial cell walls and a specific ligand for Toll-like receptor 4, has been widely used to mimic systemic and local infection across a range of tissues. Here we administered LPS derived from Klebsiella pneumoniae, a species of bacteria that is emerging as a wound-associated pathogen, to full-thickness cutaneous wounds in C57/BL6 mice. Early in healing, LPS-treated wounds displayed increased local apoptosis and reduced proliferation. Subsequent healing progression was delayed with reduced re-epithelialisation, increased proliferation, a heightened inflammatory response and perturbed wound matrix deposition. Our group and others have previously demonstrated the beneficial effects of 17β-estradiol treatment across a range of preclinical wound models. Here we asked whether oestrogen would effectively promote healing in our LPS bacterial infection model. Intriguingly, co-treatment with 17β-estradiol was able to promote re-epithelialisation, dampen inflammation and induce collagen deposition in our LPS-delayed healing model. Collectively, these studies validate K. pneumoniae-derived LPS treatment as a simple yet effective model of bacterial wound infection, while providing the first indication that oestrogen could promote cutaneous healing in the presence of infection, further strengthening the case for its therapeutic use.
Jahanshahi, Maryam. "Engineered infected epidermis model for in vitro study of the skin proinflammatory response". Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/11507.
Texto completoGraduate
Baumbach, Christina-Marie. "Organotypic co-culture of bovine keratinocytes and fibroblasts as a 3D skin model for studying the pathogenesis of digital dermatitis". 2016. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A37774.
Texto completoBovine digital dermatitis (DD) is a worldwide occurring, infectious disease in cattle primarily affecting the plantar skin above the coronary band near the interdigital cleft on hind feet. Painful ulceroproliferative lesions with acute and chronic appearances lead to behavioral changes and lameness. Hence, DD has a major impact on animal welfare and performance. Substantial efforts in investigating the etiology of the disease revealed a synergistic origin with evidence for a multibacterial infection and the strong involvement of bacteria from the genus Treponema. As the interaction between host, pathogen and environment is not negligible, surrounding circumstances such as housing, general hygiene and genetic predispositions have been investigated intensively. Nevertheless, infection reservoirs, transmission routes and pathomechanisms remain widely unclear. To better understand the cellular and molecular events during Treponema-infection of bovine skin, it was the specific aim of this study to establish an organotypic in vitro skin model, which could be challenged with the causative agent of the disease. A technique to reliably and reproducibly isolate primary keratinocytes and fibroblasts from the site of infection was established. Appropriate cell culture media for the long-term cultivation and storage of bovine skin cells were identified. Two different methods to develop the skin model were compared. The second strategy in which keratinocytes were directly seeded on top of a dermal equivalent, i.e. a bovine collagen type I pad with embedded post-mitotic fibroblasts, gave rise to a promising organotypic skin equivalent. The incorporated post-mitotic fibroblasts showed a characteristic cell morphology with intact nuclei. The terminal differentiation of the keratinocytes on top of the dermal equivalent was shown with anti-K14 and anti-Dsg1 immunofluorescence stainings. The results of initial Treponema-experiments proved that the skin equivalent is a suitable model to investigate the underlying mechanisms during Treponema-infection of bovine skin and hence, the pathogenesis of DD.
Yeh, Chao-Wei y 葉昭緯. "IL-15 splice variant has effects on skin inflammation and CD8+ T cell activation after HSV-1 infection in an ENU mutagenesis mouse model". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17996035142374704659.
Texto completo臺灣大學
免疫學研究所
98
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays an important role in mediating innate and adaptive immunity in the host. The pedigree 191 (P191) of the ENU-mutagenized mice, generated by the Mouse Mutagenesis Program Core Facility (MMPCF) has been identified and predominantly express an alternatively spliced IL-15 mRNA called IL-15 ∆E7. Infection of P191 mutant mice via flank skin with herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) showed a much more severely disrupted lesional skin than in B6 wildtype mice accompanied with enhanced HSV viral protein expression as well as elevated expressions of IL-1β and IL-6 in P191 lesional skin by cDNA microarray and real-time PCR analysis. How the function of IL-15 is affected and/or regulated by IL-15 ∆E7 and thus results in the altered inflammatory response against HSV-1 infection will be further investigated. Consistent with the depressed CD44 expression on CD8+ T cells in P191, we also found that the percentages of CD8+ T cells from lymph nodes, spleen and peripheral blood expressing CD44hiCD122hi were reduced in P191 mice by flow cytometric analysis. Using Kb-HSV-gB498-505 tetramer reagent, we found that gB-specific CD8+ T cells were generated in a delayed kinetics in P191 as compared to wildtype mice. However, these gB-specific CD8+ T cells significantly expanded in the spleen of P191 on day 10 after infection and the absolute numbers of gB-specific CD8+ T cells were higher than these in B6 mice, indicating that these cells efficiently proliferated in P191 spleen on early times of infection. In proliferation experiment, CFSE-labeled T cells were stimulated with gB498-505 peptide in rIL-2 and rIL-15. Whereas HSV-primed CD8+ T cells from B6 mice proliferated to gB antigen in vitro, proliferation of HSV-primed CD8+ T cells from P191 was significantly reduced given with sufficient IL-15. This suggested that gB-specific CD8+ T cells generated in P191 were poorly responsive to recall antigen. Using FlowCytomix to profile cytokine expression in B6 and P191 mice after HSV-1 infection, we have found that the level of IFN-γ in spleen was significantly reduced in P191 as compared to B6 spleen. How the reduced production of IFN-γ is associated with less proliferation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells from P191 requires further investigation. Results from current experiments have shown that inflammatory response in skin and the properties of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells induced by HSV-1 infection are both altered in P191. How expression of IL-15 splice variant is involved in the control of these phenotypes remains to be clarified.
Teixeira, Maria Beatriz Costa. "Development of 3D epidermal models: towards the development of a skin model for studies of the autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS)". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/49398.
Texto completoThe skin is a complex organ mainly responsible for protecting the body from external threats and maintaining homeostasis. It is a complex three-dimensional structure that is composed of two main compartments, the dermis and the epidermis. Due to increasing ethical and legal pressure on animal usage in research, reconstructed 3D human skin models have been gaining popularity. These models mimic human skin architecture in vitro and allow relatively easy manipulation to meet specific needs. Some rare diseases remain poorly studied and could take advantage of this technology. One example is the Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) which is an early-onset neurological disease that was first described in Quebec, Canada, but cases have been reported worldwide. Patients suffer from spasticity and lack of coordination of muscle movements, resulting in an early wheelchair dependence and premature death. ARSACS is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the SACS gene, leading to a defective sacsin protein. Sacsin loss of function has been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormalities in the organization of intermediate filaments, but the complete picture is still unclear. Evidence of abnormalities in the skin of ARSACS patients has been reported, making this disease an interesting candidate to be studied using in vitro skin models. In this work, two different human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT and N/TERT-1) were used to create new human epidermal models using a polycarbonate inert matrix. The localization of different keratins and other markers (keratins 10, 14 and 15, and involucrin) were studied to characterize epidermal differentiation and stratification. Sacsin expression was analyzed in different cell lines and sacsin knockdown was attempted in HaCaT keratinocytes using lentiviral shRNAs. The HaCaT cell line was unable to recreate the normal multi-layer architecture of native skin nor the stratum corneum. This cell line expressed low amounts of the sacsin protein, and no difference was observed between the knockdown and the control by western blot. N/TERT-1 keratinocytes generated a stratified epidermis with all the normal layers present, including the stratum corneum. Complete epidermal differentiation was confirmed by the differential expression of epidermal markers. K14 expression was limited to the basal layer, while K10 was expressed in the upper layers, as expected. Involucrin was mostly expressed in the stratum granulosum and K15 expression was overall very low, indicating a successful differentiation. Sacsin expression was verified in different skin cells (HEKn, HDFn, and N/TERT-1), and N/TERT-1 expressed sacsin in amounts slightly lower than primary human keratinocytes. These findings suggest that the N/TERT-1 cell line has more potential to produce an epidermal skin model with an ARSACS phenotype, which can prove an important tool in future research. Despite the existing knowledge about sacsin structure and function, a lot is still unknown about this protein and how it causes the symptoms underlying ARSACS disease. Advances in this topic could contribute to the development of therapies that could cure or tackle some of ARSACS symptoms to ensure a better quality of life for the patients.
Nan, Lin Ming y 林名男. "A Computer Simulation Model for the Disease Natural History and Cost-effectiveness Analysis for Prevention of Tuberculosis: Is It Worthwhile for Tuberculin Skin Test and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Taiwan?" Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15603287374248245040.
Texto completo國立臺灣大學
流行病學研究所
89
Background: The complicated disease natural history of tuberculosis in relation to tuberculosis skin test (TST) with the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) given the high coverage rate of BCG vaccination has not been fully addressed. Objective: The aims of this study are to assess the relative contributions of exogenous disease due to re-infection and endogenous and to perform a cost-effectiveness analysis for the use of TST plus LTBI by different screening regimes given the current BCG vaccination in the general population and in the high-risk group. Methods: A computer simulation model using the Markov model was proposed to model the disease natural history of TB. Markov cycle tree and Monte Carol simulation were employed to assess the relative contributions of exogenous disease, re-infection and endogenous reactivation. Cost-effectiveness analysis was performed to calculate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for averting TB cases and deaths by different screening regimes starting from 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 years of age. Results: The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios to achieve an additional life-year in the screening regimes starting from 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 years of age against no screening are calculated as $6410, $4072, $2858, $3863 and $13416, respectively, for the general population and $2183, $1506, $1126, $1567and $4913, respectively, for the high-risk group. The sensitivity analysis shows if the effectiveness of INH is dropped to 30% TST screening is no longer cost-effective. Conclusion: the present study develops a computer simulation model for elucidating the disease natural history of TB and cost-effectiveness analysis for TST with the treatment of LTBI. The results suggest that TST screening regime may be the most cost-effective at the start of 40 years of age for the selected high-risk group.