Literatura académica sobre el tema "342.240 8"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "342.240 8"
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Li, Songsen, Xiaohua Niu, Guangjie Pan y Huili Chen. "Relationship Between Polymorphism of Adiponectin Gene SNPS+276 and Coronary Heart Disease". Heart Surgery Forum 21, n.º 5 (13 de agosto de 2018): E337—E340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1532/hsf.2015.
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Background: This study aims to investigate the relationship between polymorphism of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene SNPS+276 and the severity of coronary heart disease (CHD) and coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods: A total of 582 inpatients were enrolled and divided into Group CHD (342 cases) and the control group (CON, 240 cases), according to their angiographic results from June 2014 to April 2016 for the genotype (G/T) analysis of ADIPOQ SNPs+276 by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).
Results: Group CHD: GG 110 (32%), GT 205 (59%), and TT27 (8%); Group CON: GG 36 (15%), GT 161 (67%), and TT 43 (18%) (P < .05). The frequency of allele G in group CHD was 62.1% and 48.5% in group CON (P < .05). The frequencies of genotype GG, GT, and TT were 67 (33.3%), 107 (53.2%), and 27 (13.5%), respectively, in the group with single vascular lesion, and 64 (45.4%), 53 (37.6%), and 24 (17%), respectively, in the group with multiple vascular lesions. There was statistical significance between the two groups (P < .05).
Conclusions: The 276G gene of adiponectin may be a susceptibility gene of CHD, and the genotype GG may be related to the severity of this disease.
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Vlasova, Natalia N., N. I. Prokhorov, S. V. Kuznetsov, A. A. Danilina, N. I. Nikolashvili y K. K. Mnatsakanyan. "CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF ORAL DEBRIDEMENT AND TEETH BLEACHING SAFETY IN PATIENTS WITH TEETH ABFRACTIONS AND GINGIVAL RECESSION". Hygiene and sanitation 98, n.º 3 (29 de abril de 2019): 339–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-3-339-342.
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Introduction. The most of dental practitioners have some doubts about teeth bleaching safety in patients with teeth abfractions and gingival recession. Aim. Assessment of professional oral debridement and teeth bleaching safety in patients with teeth abfractions and gingival recession. Material and methods. Randomized controlled trial was done in two groups of 30 patients with teeth abfractions and gingival recession. In group 1 oral debridement and professional dental bleaching were performed. Abfractions and recessions were isolated with a liquid dam. In group 2 oral debridement was made. The vertical size of recession, Tooth Wear Index and Schiff air sensitivity index were evaluated. Results. After 12 months the enlargement of wedge defects was pronounced in 5 teeth in group 1 and in 7 teeth in group 2. The enlargement of the gingival recession was marked in 6 teeth in group 1 and in 8 teeth in group 2. No statistical difference between groups was seen. In group 1 after teeth bleaching the sensitivity was present in 240 teeth (40%), after 14 days amount of teeth with sensitivity reduced to 110 (18.3%). In group 2 after oral debridement, the sensitivity was present in 250 teeth (41.7%), after 14 days amount of teeth with sensitivity reduced to 239 (39.8%). Conclusion. The teeth bleaching has no effect on dental abfractions and gingival recession.
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Barra, Lillian, Vivian Bykerk, Janet E. Pope, Boulos P. Haraoui, Carol A. Hitchon, J. Carter Thorne, Edward C. Keystone y Gilles Boire. "Anticitrullinated Protein Antibodies and Rheumatoid Factor Fluctuate in Early Inflammatory Arthritis and Do Not Predict Clinical Outcomes". Journal of Rheumatology 40, n.º 8 (1 de febrero de 2013): 1259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.120736.
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Objective.In inflammatory arthritis, rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) are believed to be associated with more severe clinical outcomes. Our objective was to determine whether ACPA and RF remain stable in early inflammatory arthritis and whether their trajectories over time or baseline levels predicted clinical outcomes.Methods.The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Canadian Early Arthritis Cohort Study with baseline and at least 12-month followup values of RF and ACPA. Primary outcomes were Disease Activity Score (DAS) remission and the presence of erosions at 12 and 24 months. Other objectives included swollen joint count, Health Assessment Questionnaire score, and DAS.Results.At baseline, 225/342 (66%) patients were ACPA-positive and 334/520 (64%) were RF-positive. At 24 months, 15/181 (8%) ACPA-positive patients became negative. A larger number of patients changed from ACPA-negative to positive: 13/123 (11%). For RF, fluctuations were more common: 67/240 (28%) reverted from positive to negative and 21/136 (18%) converted from negative to positive. RF and ACPA fluctuations did not predict disease outcomes. Patients who remained ACPA-positive throughout followup were more likely to have erosive disease (OR 3.86, 95% CI 1.68, 8.92).Conclusion.RF and ACPA have the potential to revert and convert during the early course of disease. Fluctuations in RF and ACPA were not associated with clinical outcomes.
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Batista, Luiz Fernando Dias, Madeline E. Rivera, Egleu D. M. Mendes, Keara O'Reilly y Luis O. Tedeschi. "342 Effectiveness of Liver Abscess-Controlling Antibiotic on Rumen Kinetics of Beef Steers Consuming a High-Grain Diet". Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_3 (6 de noviembre de 2023): 270–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad281.324.
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Abstract Virginiamycin (VM) possesses antimicrobial properties due to its blocking of protein synthase in Gram-positive bacteria, allowing it to reduce lactic acidosis and the incidence of liver abscesses in ruminants. Ruminal acidosis is a common metabolic disorder that affects feedlot and dairy cattle and occurs when the supply of organic acids from fermentation exceeds its absorption and degradation, accumulating acid content in the rumen. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different doses of VM administration on in vivo and in vitro ruminal digestion kinetics of beef steers consuming a high-grain diet [metabolizable energy (ME): 2.99 Mcal/kg; Crude Protein (CP): 15.2 % dry matter basis (DM)]. Nine ruminally cannulated British-crossbred steers (596 ± 49 kg) were assigned to this experiment. Animals were housed in three pens (n = 3/pen) equipped with a Calan gate feed system and water trough. Pens were enrolled in a 3×3 Latin square design containing three periods of 16 d, and a 5-d washout interval between periods. Dietary treatments consisted of VM administration at 0 mg/d (VM0), 180 mg/d (VM180), and 240 mg/d (VM240). During d 15 and 16 of each period, about 600 mL of rumen fluid was collected before (0 h) and at 4, 8, 12, and 16 h relative to the morning feed (0730 h) pH and redox potential (Eh) measurements were taken immediately after collection using a portable pH and redox meter, and subsamples were taken for volatile fatty acids (VFA), and NH3-N analyses. During the 4-h post-morning feed rumen collection, rumen inoculum was utilized to perform in vitro gas production (IVGP) measurements. All statistical procedures were performed using SAS software where steer was considered the experimental unit, and period and square were included as random. Acetate, propionate, and total VFA did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.50), whereas butyrate increased linearly (P = 0.033) as the VM dose increased. Acetate:propionate ratio did not differ among treatments (P = 0.273). Lactate concentration decreased linearly (P = 0.027) as the VM dose increased; likewise, pH increased linearly (P = 0.019) as the VM dose increased. Branched-chain VFA and NH3-N concentrations increased linearly (P ≤ 0.056) as the VM dose increased. The total and rate of gas production were similar among treatments (P ≥ 0.161). However, second-pool gas production increased linearly as VM inclusion increased (P = 0.023). The in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility did not differ among treatments (P = 0.984). The provision of VM altered the rumen dynamics in a dose-dependent manner. Animals consuming high-grain diets will likely promote rumen health through a more stable pH and fermentation profile.
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Besford, R. T., B. Thomas, N. S. Huskisson y G. W. Butcher. "Characterization of Conformers of D 1 of Photosystem II Using Site-Directed Antibodies". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 45, n.º 6 (1 de junio de 1990): 621–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1990-0610.
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Abstract Antibodies have been raised to synthetic peptides, corresponding to a region in the loop spanning helices 4 and 5 of D 1 protein (Ala 250-Phe 265) and to a region anticipated to be near the C terminus of mature D 1 (His 332-Ala 345). Polyclonal antibodies to the sequence His 332-Ala 345 reacted with a 32 kDa polypeptide in thylakoid preparations identified as D 1 from its resistance (pea) or susceptibility (wheat) to lysine-C degradation. A monoclonal antibody to His 332-Ala 345 reacted preferentially with a faster migrating polypeptide in SDS electrophoresis, a putative conformer of D 1. Polyclonal antibodies to the sequence Ala 250- Phe 265 also reacted with the faster running polypeptide but not with the population of molecules running at 32 kDa. The putative conformer of D 1 from wheat appears to be more resistant than the main D1 population to lysine-C degradation. Peptide analyses by Takahashi et al. [(1988) FEBS Lett, 240, 6 - 8 ] suggest Asn 335-Ala 344 lies at the processed C terminus. The present report provides immunological confirmation that this sequence is retained in mature D 1.
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Spoudeas, H. A., P. C. Hindmarsh, D. R. Matthews y C. G. D. Brook. "Evolution of growth hormone neurosecretory disturbance after cranial irradiation for childhood brain tumours: a prospective study". Journal of Endocrinology 150, n.º 2 (agosto de 1996): 329–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1500329.
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Abstract To determine the aetiopathology of post-irradiation growth hormone (GH) deficiency, we performed a mixed longitudinal analysis of 56 24 h serum GH concentration profiles and 45 paired insulin-induced hypoglycaemia tests (ITT) in 35 prepubertal children, aged 1·5–11·8 years, with brain tumours in the posterior fossa (n=25) or cerebral hemispheres (n = 10). Assessments were made before (n = 16), 1 year (n = 25) and 2 to 5 years (n = 15) after a cranial irradiation (DXR) dose of at least 30 Gy. Fourier transforms, occupancy percentage, first-order derivatives (FOD) and mean concentrations were determined from the GH profiles taken after neurosurgery but before radiotherapy (n = 16) and in three treatment groups: Group 1: neurosurgery only without DXR (n = 9); Group 2: ≥30 Gy DXR only (n = 22); Group 3: ≥30 Gy DXR with additional chemotherapy (n = 9). Results were compared with those from 26 short normally growing (SN) children. Compared with SN children, children with brain tumours had faster GH pulse periodicities (200 min vs 140 min) and attenuated peak GH responses to ITT (24·55 (19·50–30·20) vs 8·32 (4·57–15·14) mU/I) after neurosurgery, before radiotherapy. However, spontaneous GH peaks (19·05 (15·49–23·44) vs 14·13 (9·12–21·38) mU/l), 24 h mean GH (5·01 (4·37–5·62) vs 3·98 (2·63–5·89) mU/l) and FODs (1·43 (1·17–1·69) vs 1·22 (0·88–1·56) mU/l per min) were similar. The abnormalities present before radiotherapy persisted in group 1 children at 1 year when 24 h mean GH (2·45 (1·17– 5·01) mU/l) and FODs (0·73 (0·26–1·20) mU/l per min) were additionally suppressed, although partial recovery was evident by 2 years. With time from radiotherapy, there was a progressive increase in GH pulse periodicity (Group 2: 200 min at 1 year, 240 min at ≥2 years; Group 3: 140 min at 1 year, 280 min at ≥2 years) and a decrease in 24 h mean GH (Group 2 vs Group 3 at ≥2 years: 2·45 (1·70–3·47) vs 1·86 (1·32–2·69) mU/l) and FODs (Group 2 vs Group 3 at ≥2 years; 0·56 (0·44–0·69) vs 0·44 (0·27–0·61) mU/l per min). Initial discrepancies between measures of spontaneous and stimulated (ITT) GH peaks were lost by 2 or more years (spontaneous vs ITT; Group 2: 7·76 (5·89–9·77) vs 3·80 (0·91–15·84) mU/l; Group 3: 6·03 (4·27–8·32) vs 3·80 (0·31–46·77) mU/l). After cranial irradiation, a number of changes evolved within the GH axis: faster GH pulse periodicities and discordance between physiological and pharmacological tests of GH secretion before irradiation gave way to a slow GH pulse periodicity, decreased GH pulse amplitude and rate of GH change (FOD) and, with time, eventual concordance between physiological and pharmacological measures. The evolution of these disturbances may well reflect differential pathology affecting hypothalamic GH-releasing hormone and somatostatin. Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 150, 329–342
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BOSWORTH, R. J. B. "THE ITALIAN NOVECENTO AND ITS HISTORIANS". Historical Journal 49, n.º 1 (24 de febrero de 2006): 317–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x05005169.
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The politics of Italian national identity. Edited by Gino Bedani and Bruce Haddock. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2000. Pp. vii+296. ISBN 0-7083-1622-0. £40.00.Fascist modernities: Italy, 1922–1945. By Ruth Ben-Ghiat. Berkeley, University of California Press, 2001. Pp. x+317. ISBN 0-520-22363-2. £28.50.Le spie del regime. By Mauro Canali. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2004. Pp. 863. ISBN 88-15-09801-1. €70.00.I campi del Duce: l'internamento civile nell'Italia fascista (1940–1943). By Carlo Spartaco Capogreco. Turin: Einaudi, 2004. Pp. xi+319. ISBN 88-06-16781-2. €16.00.The American South and the Italian Mezzogiorno: essays in comparative history. Edited by Enrico Dal Lago and Rick Halpern. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. Pp. 256. ISBN 0-333-73971-X. £28.50.Disastro! Disasters in Italy since 1860: culture, politics, society. Edited by John Dickie, John Foot, and Frank M. Snowden, Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. Pp. ix+342. ISBN 0-312-23960-2. £32.50.Remaking Italy in the twentieth century. By Roy Palmer Domenico. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2002. Pp. xiv+181. ISBN 0-8476-9637-5. £16.95.Twentieth century Italy: a social history. By Jonathan Dunnage. Harlow: Pearson, 2002. Pp. xi+271. ISBN 0-582-29278-6. £16.99.Milan since the miracle: city, culture and identity. By John Foot. Oxford: Berg, 2001. Pp. xiv+240. ISBN 1-85973-550-9. £14.99.Squadristi: protagonisti e tecniche della violenza fascista, 1919–1922. By Mimmo Franzinelli. Milan: Mondadori, 2003. Pp. 464. ISBN 88-04-51233-4. €19.00.For love and country: the Italian Resistance. By Patrick Gallo. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2003. Pp. viii+362. ISBN 0-7618-2496-0. $55.00.The struggle for modernity: nationalism, futurism and Fascism. By Emilio Gentile. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003. Pp. xix+203. ISBN 0-275-97692-0. $69.95.Italy and its discontents. By Paul Ginsborg. Harmondsworth: Allen Lane, 2001. Pp. xv+521. ISBN 0-713-99537-8. £25.00.Silvio Berlusconi: television, power and patrimony. By Paul Ginsborg. London: Verso, 2004. Pp. xvi+189. ISBN 1-84467-000-7. £16.00.Fascists. By Michael Mann. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. x+429. ISBN 0-521-53855-6. £15.99.Mussolini: the last 600 days of Il Duce. By Ray Moseley. Dallas: Taylor Trade publishing, 2004. Pp. vii+432. ISBN 1-58979-095-2. $34.95.Lo stato fascista e la sua classe politica, 1922–1943. By Didier Musiedlak. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2001. Pp. 585. ISBN 88-15-09381-8. €32.00.Italy's social revolution: charity and welfare from Liberalism to Fascism. By Maria Sophia Quine. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. Pp. xv+429. ISBN 0-333-63261-3. £55.00.La seduzione totalitaria: guerra, modernità, violenza politica (1914–1918). By Angelo Ventrone. Rome: Donzelli, 2003. Pp. xvi+288. ISBN 88-7989-840-X. €24.00.With its winning of an American Academy Award, the film Life is beautiful (1997), brought its director and leading actor, Roberto Benigni, global fame. Benigni's zaniness and self-mockery seemed to embody everything that has convinced foreigners that Italians are, above all, brava gente (nice people). Sometimes, this conclusion can have a supercilious air – niceness can easily be reduced to levity or fecklessness. In those university courses that seek to comprehend the terrible tragedies of twentieth-century Europe, Italians seldom play a leading role. German, Russian, Polish, Yugoslav, and even British and French history are each riven with death and disaster or, alternatively, with heroism and achievement. In such austere company, brava gente can seem out of place.
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Kuroda, Yoshiyuki, Shohei Takatsu, Tatsuya Taniguchi, Yuta Sasaki, Ikuo Nagashima, Akihiko Inomata, Yoshinori Nishiki et al. "Β-Feooh Nanorods As a Highly Active Self-Repairing Anode Catalyst for Alkaline Water Electrolysis Powered By Renewable Energy". ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, n.º 26 (9 de octubre de 2022): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02261020mtgabs.
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The use of renewable energy as a primary energy source is urged because of the rapid progress of global warming. Because the renewable energy is unevenly distributed in terms of place and time, the production of hydrogen from renewable energy is crucial. Alkaline water electrolysis is a cost-effective technology for this purpose, though the degradation of electrodes under fluctuating power of renewable energy is recently regarded as a crucial problem. We have recently reported that a in-situ repair of anode catalyst (self-repairing catalyst), supplying fresh catalyst from electrolyte is quite useful to improve the lifetime under unsteady operation [1]. A hybrid cobalt hydroxide nanosheet (Co-ns) was used as the self-repairing catalyst, whereas its electrocatalytic activity is moderate. In this study, we demonstrate the use of β-FeOOH nanorods (β-FeOOH-nr) as a highly active and durable self-repairing catalyst. Because β-FeOOH-nr consists of iron as a metallic element, it is promising for its low cost and resource abundance. β-FeOOH-nr was synthesized by the coprecipitation of Fe3+ with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, followed by heating at 80 °C. The width and length of β-FeOOH-nr were 3–6 nm and 4–200 nm, respectively. The Fe K-edge XANES analysis showed that β-FeOOH-nr consists of Fe3+ species. Electrochemical tests were performed in a three-electrode PFA cell, using a nickel wire, a nickel coil, and a reversible hydrogen electrode, as working, counter, and reference electrodes, respectively. The β-FeOOH-nr was dispersed in 1 M KOH as an electrolyte. β-FeOOH-nr was first deposited on the nickel wire electrode by constant current electrolysis at 1 A·cm–2 for 240 min (30 min × 8 cycles). β-FeOOH-nr formed a thin layer of bundled nanorods and exhibited the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotential of 320 mV at 100 mA cm–2, while previously reported Co-ns exhibited 342 mV. In addition, the activation of β-FeOOH-nr-coated electrode is almost finished at the first 30 min of the electrolysis, whereas Co-ns required 240 min for the activation. Because β-FeOOH-nr-coated electrode exhibited high OER activity with a small amount of β-FeOOH-nr deposited on the electrode, β-FeOOH-nr could activate electrode with shorted electrolysis time. The β-FeOOH-nr-coated electrode indicated the redox peak due to Ni2+/Ni3+ at 1.44 V vs. RHE which is at higher potential than that of a bare nickel electrode, implying that β-FeOOH-nr formed composite with active nickel species, such as Ni(OH)2 as highly active materials. The durability of the catalyst-coated electrode was examined in the presence of β-FeOOH-nr in the electrolyte by the newly reported shutdown-based accelerated durability test (SD-ADT) [2]. SD-ADT consists of multiple cycles of constant current electrolysis at 600 mA·cm–2 for 1 min and potential retainment at low potential of 0.5 V vs. RHE for 1 min. A bare nickel electrode is degraded only within 50 cycles by the SD-ADT (OER overpotential reached 640 mV at the 200th cycle), whereas β-FeOOH-nr-coated nickel electrode retained its low OER overpotential of 285 mV in at least 4000 cycles. Comparing with the SD-ADT in the absence of β-FeOOH-nr in the electrolyte, it was shown that β-FeOOH-nr was deposited during the SD-ADT to repair degraded electrode. In conclusion, β-FeOOH-nr was shown to be a useful anode catalyst for alkaline water electrolysis powered by fluctuating renewable energy. By dispersing β-FeOOH-nr in an electrolyte, the alkaline water electrolyzer can establish self-repairing system with very long lifetime under frequent potential change. The synchrotron radiation experiments were performed at the BL16B2 of SPring-8 with approval of the Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) (Proposal No. 2021A5310). This work was supported by the JSPS KAKENHI (grant number 20H02821) from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) Japan. Part of this study uses outcomes of the development of fundamental technology for the advancement of water electrolysis hydrogen production in the advancement of hydrogen technologies and utilization projects (grant number JPNP14021) commissioned by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) in Japan. References [1] Y. Kuroda, T. Nishimoto, S. Mitsushima, Electrochim. Acta, 323, 134812 (2019). [2] A. Abdel Haleem, K. Nagasawa, Y. Kuroda, Y. Nishiki, A. Zaenal, S. Mitsushima, Electrochemistry, 89, 186 (2021). Figure 1
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Taylor, Lloyd W. H., Michael Kodysz y Davide Bianchini. "A Catalogue of New Varieties". KOINON: The International Journal of Classical Numismatic Studies 4 (31 de diciembre de 2021): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/k.v4i.1119.
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1. Seleukid Kingdom, Seleukos I Nikator, 312-281 BC, Babylonia Uncertain Mint 6A (Opis).
2. Uncertain Eastern Seleukid Satrapy, c. 300-250 BC.
3. Uncertain East, Sogdiana (?), c. 240-200 BC.
4. Uncertain East, Sogdiana (?), c. 240-200 BC.
5. Septimius Severus, Emesa
6. Septimius Severus, Emesa
7. Septimius Severus, Emesa
8. Julia Domna, Emesa
9. Elagabalus, Rome
10. Elagabalus, Rome
11. Elagabalus, Eastern (usually attributed to Antioch)
12. Severus Alexander, Eastern (usually attributed to Antioch)
13. Volusian as Augustus, Antioch mint.
14. Claudius II, Siscia mint.
15. Claudius II, Antioch mint.
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Borad, M. J., E. G. Chiorean, J. R. Molina, A. C. Mita, J. R. Infante, W. R. Schelman, A. M. Traynor, G. Vlahovic, D. S. Mendelson y S. G. Reddy. "Clinical benefits TH-302, a tumor-selective, hypoxia-activated prodrug, and gemcitabine in first-line pancreatic cancer (PanC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, n.º 4_suppl (1 de febrero de 2011): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.265.
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265 Background: Gemcitabine (G) is the standard treatment for first- line PanC. PanC is one of the most hypoxic solid tumors. TH-302 is an inert prodrug of brominated isophosphoramide mustard and undergoes selective activation in deep hypoxia. As a single agent, tumor responses were reported in patients (pts) with metastatic melanoma, SCLC, and head/neck cancer at TH-302 weekly doses of 480-575 mg/m2. Methods: Eligible pts for the PanC expansion of this phase I/II study ( NCT00743379 ) had ECOG <1, locally advanced or metastatic PanC previously untreated with systemic chemotherapy other than adjuvant G, 5FU, and/or radiation. IV TH-302 was dosed at 240-575 mg/m2 (240 or 340 in expansion) with standard dose G (1000 mg/m2) on days 1, 8 and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Serum protein and microRNA hypoxia biomarkers were analyzed at baseline, start of cycle 3 and end of study. Results: 46 PanC subjects (12 locally advanced, 34 distant mets); median age: 63 (range 41-83); 24 male; ECOG 0/1 in 29/17 pts; RECIST response rate (RR) of 21%, median PFS of 6.1 mo (95%CI 4.8, 7.7) and median survival of 11.4 mo (95%CI 6.0, not reached) were observed. RR was 23% with median survival of 7.4 mo in pts with distant mets. 52% of pts had a >50% decrease in CA19-9. Common adverse events were skin or mucosal toxicity, nausea, fatigue and vomiting; most grade 1/2. Grade 3/4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and anemia in 68%, 64%, and 20% of pts respectively. The dose intensities at 240 mg/m2 and 340 mg/m2 were similar and related to hematologic toxicities. Skin toxicities were less common at 240 mg/m2. A TH-302 dose response was present with higher RR and PFS at 340 mg/m2. Initial serum hypoxia biomarkers did not identify a preferential pt population. Conclusions: The activity and clinical benefits of the combination of TH-302 with G in first line PanC are promising as compared to previous studies of G alone. TH-302 adds to the hematologic toxicity of G, but the regimen is well tolerated. The safety and activity provided rationale for comparing TH-302 plus G versus G alone in a randomized phase II trial ( NCT01144455 ) and indicate TH-302 may complement G by penetrating into the hypoxic regions of the PanC tumors where activation induces cytotoxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Tesis sobre el tema "342.240 8"
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Rumple, John Glenn. "Take up the cross (Mark 8:34 and par.) : the history and function of the cross saying in earliest Christianity". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3476.
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The principal contention of this thesis is that the earliest Christians viewed the crucifixion of Jesus as paradigmatic for discipleship, confirmation of which can be found in the history and function of a particular saying ascribed to Jesus, namely the ‘cross saying’ (Mk 8:34 and par.). To verify this claim, I explore both the literary tradition and material culture of early Christianity as they relate to the cross saying, explicating the various ways that “taking up the cross” functioned to ensure unwavering loyalty to Jesus. Taking a traditional exegetical approach, I also engage recent work on sapiential literature (mainly Q) and Historical Jesus studies, observing the diverse ways in which the first several generations of Jesus’ followers adapted this saying—both as an aphorism for inclusion in gospels, and in the development of cognate versions useful in more theological settings (e.g., Gal 2:20). Proceeding diachronically via a textual analysis of the cross saying in Q, the Synoptics, and then the Gospel of Thomas, I trace the ways in which the composers of these texts addressed the different social situations of their audiences in an effort to secure commitment to Jesus (or, in the case of Gos. Thom., conformity to his enlightened teachings). Then, turning from the literature to the social and political environment of the New Testament, I note the radical reversal, occurring early in Christian thought, which transformed the crucifixion of Jesus from a shameful social experience into one of honour, and worthy of emulation. Even more significant in terms of current research, I break from the opinions of several New Testament scholars in finding little evidence that the cross saying (presuming it was dominical) functioned as a call to political insurrection. Rather, as evidenced in Christian material culture from the second and third centuries (symbols, the orant prayer posture, making the ‘sign of the cross,’ and so on), the association of crucifixion with discipleship was understood primarily in terms of religious devotion to Jesus.
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Schnaars, Mareike. "Selective transfer of exosomes from oligodendrocytes to microglia by macropinocytosis". Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B17E-8.
Texto completoLibros sobre el tema "342.240 8"
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Friedemann, Jan C. 200 Tipps für Verkäufer im Außendienst. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-91213-8.
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Gilmore, Stephen y Lisa Glennon. Hayes & Williams' Family Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811862.001.0001.
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Hayes and Williams’ Family Law, now in its sixth edition, provides critical and case-focused discussion of the key legislation and debates affecting adults and children. The volume takes a critical approach to the subject and includes ‘talking points’ and focused ‘discussion questions’ throughout each chapter which highlight areas of debate or controversy. The introductory chapter within this edition provides a discussion of the law’s understanding of ‘family’ and the extent to which this has changed over time, a detailed overview of the meaning of private and family life within Article 8 of the ECHR, and a discussion of the Family Justice Review and subsequent developments. Part 1 of this edition, supplemented by the ‘Latest Developments’ section, outlines the most up-to-date statistics on the incidence of marriage, civil partnerships and divorce, discusses recent case law on the validity of marriage such as Hayatleh v Mofdy [2017] EWCA Civ 70 and K v K (Nullity: Bigamous Marriage) [2016] EWHC 3380 (Fam), and highlights the recent Supreme Court decision (In the Matter of an Application by Denise Brewster for Judicial Review (Northern Ireland) [2017] 1 WLR 519) on the pension rights of unmarried cohabitants. It also considers the litigation concerning the prohibition of opposite-sex civil partnership registration from the judgment of the Court of Appeal in Steinfeld and Keidan v Secretary of State for Education [2017] EWCA Civ 81 to the important decision of the Supreme Court in R (on the application of Steinfeld and Keidan) (Application) v Secretary of State for International Development (in substitution for the Home Secretary and the Education Secretary) [2018] UKSC 32. This edition also provides an in-depth discussion of the recent Supreme Court decision in Owens v Owens [2018] UKSC 41 regarding the grounds for divorce and includes discussion of Thakkar v Thakkar [2016] EWHC 2488 (Fam) on the divorce procedure. Further, this edition also considers the flurry of cases in the area of financial provision on divorce such as Waggott v Waggott [2018] EWCA Civ 722; TAB v FC (Short Marriage: Needs: Stockpiling) [2016] EWHC 3285; FF v KF [2017] EWHC 1903 (Fam); BD v FD (Financial Remedies: Needs) [2016] EWHC 594 (Fam); Juffali v Juffali [2016] EWHC 1684 (Fam); AAZ v BBZ [2016] EWHC 3234 (Fam); Scatliffe v Scatliffe [2016] UKPC 36; WM v HM [2017] EWFC 25; Hart v Hart [2017] EWCA Civ 1306; Sharp v Sharp [2017] EWCA Civ 408; Work v Gray [2017] EWCA Civ 270, and Birch v Birch [2017] UKSC 53. It also considers the recent decision of the Supreme Court in Mills v Mills [2018] UKSC 38 concerning post-divorce maintenance obligations between former partners, and the Privy Council decision in Marr v Collie [2017] UKPC 17 relating to the joint name purchase by a cohabiting couple of investment property.Part 2 focuses on child law, examining the law on parenthood and parental responsibility, including the parental child support obligation. This edition includes discussion of new case law on provision of child maintenance by way of global financial orders (AB v CD (Jurisdiction: Global Maintenance Orders)[2017] EWHC 3164), new case law and legislative/policy developments on section 54 of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 (parental orders transferring legal parenthood in surrogacy arrangements), and new cases on removing and restricting parental responsibility (Re A and B (Children: Restrictions on Parental Responsibility: Radicalisation and Extremism) [2016] EWFC 40 and Re B and C (Change of Names: Parental Responsibility: Evidence) [2017] EWHC 3250 (Fam)). Orders regulating the exercise of parental responsibility are also examined, and this edition updates the discussion with an account of the new Practice Direction 12J (on contact and domestic abuse), and controversial case law addressing the tension between the paramountcy of the child’s welfare and the protected interests of a parent in the context of a transgender father’s application for contact with his children (Re M (Children) [2017] EWCA Civ 2164). Part 2 also examines the issue of international child abduction, including in this edition the Supreme Court’s latest decision, on the issue of repudiatory retention (Re C (Children) [2018] UKSC 8). In the public law, this edition discusses the Supreme Court’s clarification of the nature and scope of local authority accommodation under section 20 of the Children Act 1989 (Williams v London Borough of Hackney [2018] UKSC 37). In the law of adoption, several new cases involving children who have been relinquished by parents for adoption are examined (Re JL & AO (Babies Relinquished for Adoption),[2016] EWHC 440 (Fam) and see also Re M and N (Twins: Relinquished Babies: Parentage) [2017] EWFC 31, Re TJ (Relinquished Baby: Sibling Contact) [2017] EWFC 6, and Re RA (Baby Relinquished for Adoption: Final Hearing)) [2016] EWFC 47).
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "342.240 8"
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Frohnhofen, Achim y Heinz Schmitz. "Mit ‚sozialarbeiterischem Blick‘8 besehen — ein Plädoyer für einen lebens- und alltagsweltorientierten Entwurf zur ASD-Arbeit". En Schule und Jugendforschung zum 20. Jahrhundert, 282–96. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-81020-5_15.
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Block, Geoffrey. "Reminiscences of Richard Rodgers". En The Richard Rodgers Reader, 303–25. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195139549.003.0045.
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Abstract The longest selection in the Reader is excerpted from an extended interview with Kenneth Leish, arranged in twelve parts (392 double-spaced pages of typescript and a two-page index of names). Although only the first four parts include dates, It is clear from references to current productions at places like the Music Theater at Lincoln Center that the final portions of the interview did not extend much beyond Summer and Fall 1968.* In a portion of the Reminiscences not reprinted here readers learn that the press suppressed Hart’s excessive drinking as well as his homosexuality, not because Rodgers threatened the publisher of a scandal rag when confronted with questions about Hart’s sexuality, but “because the newspaper people were all crazy about him” (p. 200}. Also in this section Rodgers discloses that For the archivally curious this footnote offers topics, dates (when provided in the interviews), and page numbers for each section: (I) Rodgers’s current activities (December I4, I967), I-39; (2) Background (December I9, I967), 40-84; (3) Producing Avanti and The Garrick Gaieties through A Connecticut Yankee (February 2I, I968), 85-u8; (4) I927-I932 (March I, I968), II9-43; (5) I932-I936, I44-67; (6) Working with Hart, I68-203 [marked on the title page “closed during lifetime”]; (7) Pal Joey and Oklahoma!, 204-46; (8) State Fair and Carousel, 247-78; (9) Allegro and South Pacific, 279-307; (IO) The King and I, Victory at Sea, and Me and Juliet, 308-36; (II) Pipe Dream and The Sound of Music, 337-62; (I2) After Hammerstein, 363-92.
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"208 To Felicia". En Letters, Volume 5 (204–270) (The Fathers of the Church, Volume 32), 24–28. Catholic University of America Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt32b3qb.8.
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Li, Jie Jack, Chris Limberakis y Derek A. Pflum. "Carbon−Carbon Bond Formation". En Modern Organic Synthesis in the Laboratory. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195187984.003.0011.
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Reviews: (a) Vicarion, J. L.; Badia, D.; Carillo, L.; Reyes, E.; Etxebarria, J. Curr. Org. Chem. 2005, 9, 219-235. (b) Mahrwald, R. Ed. In Modern Aldol Reactions; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2004; Vol. 1., pp. 1-335 (c) Mahrwald, R. Ed. In Modern Aldol Reactions; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2004; Vol. 2., pp. 1-345.(d) Machajewski, T. D.; Wong, C.-H. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 1352-1375. (e) Carriera, E. M. In Modern Carbonyl Chemistry; Otera, J.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2000; Chapter 8: Aldol Reaction: Methodology and Stereochemistry, 227-248. (f) Paterson, I.; Cowden, C. J.; Wallace, D. J. In Modern Carbonyl Chemistry; Otera, J.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2000; Chapter 9: Stereoselective Aldol Reactions in the Synthesis of Polyketide Natural Products, pp. 249-298. (g) Franklin, A. S.; Paterson, I. Contemp. Org. Synth. 1994, 1 317-338. (h) Heathcock, C. H. In Asymmetric Synthesis; Morrison, J. D., Ed.; Academic Press: Orlando, Fl.; 1984; Vol. 3., Chapter 2: The Aldol Addition Reaction, pp. 111-212. (i) Mukaiyama, T. Org. React. 1982, 28, 203-331. Since the early 1980s, aldol condensations involving boron enolates have gain great importance in asymmetric synthesis, particularly the synthesis of natural products with adjacent stereogenic centers bearing hydroxyl and methyl groups. (Z)-Boron enolates tend to give a high diastereoslectivity preference for the syn-stereochemistry while (E)-boron enolates favor the anti-stereochemistry. Because the B-O and B-C bonds are shorter than other metals with oxygen and carbon, the six membered Zimmerman–Traxler transition state in the aldol condensation tends to be more compact which accentuates steric interactions, thus leading to higher diastereoselectivity. When this feature is coupled with a boron enolate bearing a chiral auxillary, high enantioselectivity is achieved. Boron enolates are generated from a ketone and boron triflate in the presence of an organic base such as triethylamine. Reviews: (a) Abiko, A. Acc. Chem. Res. 2004, 37, 387-395. (b) Cowden, C. J. Org. React. 1997, 51, 1-200.
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Terra, José Cláudio C. y Renée Almeida. "VAREJO 2.0: ROI, É POSSÍVEL". En Varejo 2.0, 137–56. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-85-352-5109-8.50009-8.
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"ANEXO". En Varejo 2.0, 185–86. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-85-352-5109-8.50012-8.
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de la Torre Díez, Isabel. "A Web-Based Application to Exchange Electronic Health Records and Medical Images in Ophthalmology". En Handbook of Research on Distributed Medical Informatics and E-Health, 152–64. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-002-8.ch010.
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This chapter describes a Web -based application to store and exchange Electronic Health Records (EHR) and medical images in Ophthalmology: TeleOftalWeb 3.2. The Web -based system has been built on Java Servlet and Java Server Pages (JSP) technologies. Its architecture is a typical three-layered with two databases. The user and authentication information is stored in a relational database: MySQL 5.0. The patient records and fundus images are achieved in an Extensible Markup Language (XML) native database: dbXML 2.0. The application uses XML-based technologies and Health Level Seven/Clinical Document Architecture (HL7/CDA) specifications. The EHR standardization is carried out. The main application object is the universal access to the diabetic patients EHR by physicians wherever they are.
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Wahi, Ashok Kumar y Rajnish Kumar Misra. "Success in the Web 2.0 Ecosystem". En Application Development and Design, 1466–90. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3422-8.ch062.
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As Web 2.0 based systems and applications get adopted by organizations, it is imperative that they bring along both benefits and challenges. As users and beneficiaries of the new means of communication, all of us need to be sensitive to the different factors that could and do affect the success of major Web 2.0 applications and initiatives. This study tries to explore the determinants of success in converting a traditional business organization into an Enterprise 2.0 through defining the “external variables” in the Technology Acceptance Model of Davis (1989). This was done using a survey questionnaire in a wide variety of Indian business organizations. It attempts to verify the relationship of success in the Web 2.0 world with the awareness of IT tools and data analysis capabilities present in the organization, the approach taken by the organization and the departments that take the lead in the implementation of Web 2.0 initiatives. The paper concludes with suggestions and implications for organizations.
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Maganuco, Anna. "Riuso ed evoluzione della τις-Rede in Euripide". En METra 2 Epica e tragedia greca: una mappatura. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-738-8/009.
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This essay analyses how Euripides reused the epic pattern of the so-called τις-Rede or tis-speech, used by Homer sometimes to make a character speculate about what someone might say, other times to give a single and anonymous example of a crowd’s opinion. Euripides uses both the traditional epic models in his tragedies: potential τις-Reden (Alc. 954-61, 995-1005; Her. 26-30, 515-9; Pho. 578-83; fr. 708 K.) and actual τις-Reden (Andr. 1104-6; Hel. 1589-91; HF 950-2). The quoted passages are all studied, together with some other passages mentioned for comparison purposes (Ba. 204-5; Hec. 313-6; HF 1286-90; IT 1358-61; Or. 1416-24; Suppl. 314-6, 343-6).
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Lal, Prerna. "Leveraging Web 2.0 for Online Learning". En Application Development and Design, 1225–39. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3422-8.ch051.
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The emergence of the Internet and Web 2.0 has introduced enormous opportunities for a rising generation of tech-savvy young adults, students, and life-long learners. This chapter examines the various Web 2.0 tools, such as blogs, wikis, RSS (Real Simple Syndication), podcasts, mashups, and social networks, that can help make the online learning environment more interactive and interesting. The chapter provides an overview on the role of Web 2.0-based tools and technologies in providing a comprehensive structure for interactions and interconnections between three key components of a learning environment: the learner, the teacher, and the interface. Furthermore, the chapter explores how these tools can be used in exchanging knowledge, aggregating content, and collaborating with peers in online learning environments.
Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "342.240 8"
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Mombaerta, P., V. Ballegeer, P. Declerck, F. A. Van Assche y D. Collen. "FIBRINOLYTIC RESPONSE TO VENOUS OCCLUSION, AND FIBRIN FRAGMENT D-DIMER AND FIBRONECTIN LEVELS IN NORMAL AND COMPLICATED PREGNANCY". En XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643143.
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The fibrinolytic response to venous occlusion was assessed in pregnant women with measurements of total and free t-PA, using specific ELISAs based on monoclonal antibodies.Total t-PA levels increased after venous occlusion with 11±8 ng/ml (mean ± SD) in healthy fertile non-pregnant women (n=6), with 0.8 ± 1.3 ng/ml in 2nd trim. (n=5) and with 3.8 ± 3.9 ng/ml in 3rd trim. (n=4) healthy pregnant women. The increase in free t-PA was 12 ± 11; 1.2 ± 0.9 and 0 ng/ml respectively. The difference in post- and pre-occlusion levels in 3rd trim, pregnant women with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus IDDM (n=4) was 3.2 ± 4.2 ng/ml, with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) (n=4) 2.6 ± 3.0 ng/ml and with preeclampsia (n=5) 3.2 ± 3.5 ng/ml for total t-PA and 0, 0 and 0 ng/ml for free t-PA.Fibrin fragment D-dimer levels in plasma measured with a specific ELISA were 130 ± 36 ng/ml in healthy fertile non-pregnant women (n=8). A significant increase was found in 4 out of 5 1st trim., 25 out of 25 2nd trim, and 21 out of 22 3rd trim, normal pregnant women. In these groups, plasma levels were 340 ± 160, 400 ± 170 and 440 ± 220 ng/ml respectively.Fibronectin levels, measured with a Laurell electroimmunoassay and expressed as percentage of pooled human plasma (=330 yg/ml) were 83 ± 26% in 2nd trim, patients (n=24) and 102 ± 35% in 3rd trim, patients (n=17). Normal fibronectin levels were found in 4 patients with IDDM and in 6 with IUGR, whereas in 6 out of 8 preeclamptic patients significantly increased levels were observed.These results confirm, with the use of a newly developed free t-PA assay, that the fibrinolytic response to venous occlusion is completely inhibited in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. A reduced release of t-PA from the vessel wall during venous occlusion and/or an increased inhibition of released t-PA were observed. No difference was found in the fibrinolytic response between normal and complicated pregnancy. D-dimer levels are significantly elevated during pregnancy. Finally, the usefulness of fibronectin for the diagnosis of preeclampsia is confirmed.
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Antonarakis, E. "The Molecular Genetics of Hemophilia A Stylianos". En XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643980.
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Hemophilia A is a common X linked hereditary disorder of blood coagulation due to deficiency of factor 8. The gene for factor 8 has been cloned and characterized (Nature 312:326-342, 1984). It is divided into 26 exons and 25 introns and spans 186 kb of DNA. The CGNA is 9 kb and codes for 2351 amino acids. The first 19 amino acids comprise the secretory leader peptide and the mature excreted polypeptide consists of 2332 amino acids. The nucleotide sequence of the exons and the exon-intron junctions is known and the complete amino acid sequence has been deducedSeveral laboratories have used cloned factor 8 DNA sequences as probes to characterized mutations that are responsible for hemophilia A in certain pedigrees. These mutations have been characterized by restriction analysis, oligonucleotide hybridization, cloning and sequencing of DNA from appropriate patientsIn about 500 patients with hemophilia A examined, the molecular defect has been recognized in 39. Both gross alterations (mainly deletions) and point mutations of the factor 8 gene have been found.A total of 19 different deletions have been observed. No two unrelated pedigrees share the same exact deletion.The size of the deleted DNA varies from 1.5 kb to more than 210 kb. All but one of these deletions are associated with severe hemophilia A. A deletion of 6 kb that contains exon 22 only is associated with moderate hemophilia. Some deletions are present in patients with inhibitors to factor 8. No correlation of the size or the position of the deletions can be found with the presence of inhibitors to factor 8.A total of 20 point mutations have been characterized. All are recognized by restriction analysis and involve Taq I sites. All are mutations of CpG dinucleotides and generate nonsense or missence codons. Unrelated pedigrees have the same single nucleotide change because of independent origin of the same mutation. In many instances de novo occurrence of a point mutation has been observed. CpG dinucleotides are hot spots for mutation to TG or CA presumably because of spontaneous deamination of methylcytosine. Some point mutations are present in patients with inhibitors but no correlation of the site of mutation and inhibitor formation has been found. The nonsense mutations are present in patients with severe hemophilia A. A missense mutation (Arg Gin) in exon 26 was found in a patient with mild hemophilia while another Arg Gin mutation in exon 24 has been observed in a patient with severe disease. The creation of a donor splice site in IVS 4 of factor 8 gene has been observed in a patient with mild hemophilia.Few DNA polymorphisms within the factor 8 gene and two other closely linked polymorphisms have been used for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia A. These DNA markers are useful in more than 90% of families at risk for hemophilia A.The author thanks Drs. Gitschier, Din, Olek, Pirastou, Lawn for communication of their data prior to publication.The hemophilia project at Johns Hopkins was supported by an Institutional grant and NIH grant to S.S.A. and Haig H. Kazazian, Jr.
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Chen, Xiang (Frank), Kevin G. Field, Richard Howard, Caleb P. Massey y Andrew T. Nelson. "Post-Irradiation Fracture Toughness Characterization of Generation II FeCrAl Alloys". En ASME 2022 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84517.
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Abstract FeCrAl alloys are promising candidate materials for the accident tolerant fuel (ATF) cladding application due to their exceptional resistance to oxidation in elevated temperature steam environments. Currently, limited fracture toughness data are available for the FeCrAl alloys, including the FeCrAl alloys newly developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) under the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Fuels Campaign (AFC) program. In this study, two Generation II candidate FeCrAl alloys, i.e., C06M (81.8Fe-10Cr-6Al-0.03Y-2Mo-0.2Si) and C36M (78.8Fe-13Cr-6Al-0.03Y-2Mo-0.2Si), were irradiated in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at ORNL to assess the fracture characteristics of these alloys after neutron irradiation. A total of six rabbit capsules were irradiated in HFIR at target temperatures of 200°C, 330°C, and 500°C up to target damage doses of 8 displacements per atom (dpa) and 16 dpa. Post-irradiation fracture toughness testing was performed following the Master Curve method in the ASTM E1921 standard. The main findings of this study are: 1) Both the C06M and C36M alloys exhibited a similar response to irradiation concerning irradiation hardening and embrittlement. 2) The irradiation temperature played different roles in terms of irradiation hardening and embrittlement for both C06M and C36M: after irradiation between 166°C and 204°C, both materials exhibited significant irradiation hardening and embrittlement; after irradiation between 315°C and 343°C, both materials showed small irradiation hardening without irradiation embrittlement. After irradiation between 501°C and 507°C, however, the irradiation softening without irradiation embrittlement was observed in both materials. 3) Comparing the microhardness and Master Curve reference temperature T0q before and after neutron irradiation, we did not observe a linear correlation between the two parameters for both C06M and C36M steels. This should be mainly due to a flat response of the Master Curve reference temperature T0q to the irradiations at 166–204°C and 315–343°C ranges 4) C06M showed a lower T0q, meaning better toughness, than C36M at the unirradiated condition, and such trend was kept even after neutron irradiation except for the 166–204°C irradiation after which both materials had similar T0q. 5) In terms of hardening and embrittlement, the irradiation effect on both C06M and C36M appeared to saturate after an irradiation dose of 7 dpa.
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Urban, Martin y Hubert Andrée. "Gas Turbine Driven Reciprocating Compressors for a Natural Gas Storage Plant". En ASME 1988 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/88-gt-322.
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A major expansion phase is underway at the Ruhrgas natural gas storage plant at Epe on the border between West Germany and the Netherlands. The plant already has 8 caverns with a total working capacity of approx. 350 × 106 m3 (n). 28 caverns are to be added, to bring the total to approx. 1.0 × 109 m3 (n). In view of the increase in capacity, it was necessary to raise the power installed for driving gas compressors from the existing figure of approx. 3,000 kW to a total of 12,000 kW in phase II. A minimum of 2 units were required for this figure of 9,000 kW. Epe is already the second largest natural gas storage facility in West Germany and is designed to store both low BTU and high BTU natural gas. The facilities are operated at a wide range of pressures and flow rates. The new compressor units will be used only for gas injection at well head pressures of up to 200 bar.
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Singh, Amarjit, Li Song y Roger A. Lessard. "Hologram recording in Se1-x/Gex films". En OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.wg6.
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Hologram recording was performed in Se1- x /Ge x films for different compositions, where x = 0, 3, 5, 8, and 12-wt. % Ge. These films 3400 Å thick were deposited on glass substrates by thermal evaporation from a tantalum crucible. The expo sure characteristics such as diffraction efficiency were determined for different exposure power. It was found that selenium films alloyed with germanium showed significant improvement in their exposure characteristics. The best result for the diffraction efficiency was obtained for Se97Ge3 composition. A maximum efficiency of 3.2 % was obtained for an exposure power 910 mW cm-2, beam ratio k = 1.07, and spatial frequency of 220 lines mm-1. However, increasing the exposure power and the concentration of germanium only leads to a decrease in the diffraction efficiency. Optical constants were calculated from the transmittance and reflectance data.
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Константинов, К. В., М. Ю. Плетнев, В. В. Веткин, В. А. Образцова y Е. П. Юмашева. "THE USE OF THE METHOD OF BIOACOUSTIC CORRECTION IN THE MEDICAL AND SOCIAL REHABILITATION OF DRUG ADDICTS". En Антология российской психотерапии и психологии. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54775/ppl.2023.72.47.001.
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У наркозависимых проводились групповые психотерапевтические занятия в сочетании с биоакустической коррекцией (БАК). Обследован 31 человек в период восстановления (19 мужчин и 12 женщин), средний возраст 39 лет. Стаж употребления: от 5 до 20 лет. Средний срок трезвости 8,7 месяца. Процедуры БАК заключались в прослушивании больными акустических сэмплов, скоррелированных с текущей ЭЭГ. Продолжительность процедуры 20 минут, курс – от 8 до 22 процедур. До и после курса БАК проводилось тестирование по десятибальным шкалам. Статистический анализ проводился с использованием Microsoft Excel 2010 и «Statistica 6.0». В ходе коррекции наблюдалось достоверное снижения «эмоциональной лабильности» с 6,6±2,3 до 3,2±2,2 балла (p<0,001), «агрессивности» с 4,8±3,0 до 2,0±1,8 (p<0,001), «времени засыпания» с 4,4±3,0 до 2,2±1,6 (p<0,01), «чуткости сна» с 5,1±2,6 до 2,8±2,5 (p<0,01), «страхов» с 4,9±3,4 до 2,7±2,5 (p<0,05), «колебаний артериального давления» с 2,5±2,9 до 1,4±1,4 (p<0,05), улучшение «концентрации внимания» с 4,5±1,6 до 7,3±1,9 (p<0,001), уменьшение «потливости» с 3,0±3,0 до 1,4±1,7 (p<0,05), «головокружения» с 2,0±2,4 до 1,1±1,4 (p<0,05), «головных болей» с 2,7±2,8 до 1,8±1,8 (p<0,05), «нарушений памяти» с 4,9±2,3 до 3,3±2,5 (p<0,01), «утомляемости» с 6,0±2,8 до 3,6±2,5 (p<0,001) и «метеозависимости» с 4,6±3,2 до 3,7±3,1 балла (p<0,05). Так же снижался уровень тревоги, неконтролируемые приступы ярости и «градус тяги». Со слов пациентов после процедур уменьшалось «напряжение мозга» и «прерывистость мыслей», что существенно увеличивало эффективность групповых психотерапевтических занятий. Наиболее заметные изменения наблюдались после 5-6 процедуры и ближе к концу курса БАК. Представляется перспективным дальнейшие наблюдения за восстановлением функций центральной нервной системы у наркозависимых с применением метода биоакустической коррекции.
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Wang, Yunjin, Fujian Zhou, Ying Zhang, Guchang Zhang, Qing Wang, Guanghao Shi, Tingxue Jiang y Rencheng Dong. "Prediction of Diverting Performance of VES Acid Based on SVM and Coupled Rheology-Reaction Model". En 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0452.
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ABSTRACT Viscoelastic-surfactant (VES) acid is widely used in heterogeneous carbonate reservoir as an important acid system for uniform acidizing. Temperature is a significant parameter that affects the rheological properties and reaction rate of VES acid. However, existing rheological models of VES acids do not consider the effect of temperature, and the diverting performance of VES acid at different reservoir conditions and injection technology is still unclear. Here, the relationship between the rheology of spent VES acid and temperature was studied, and the rheological model of VES acid was optimized. A coupled model of temperature field and two-scale continuum acidizing model was established. Based on this model, the effects of temperature, injection velocity and permeability contrast on the diverting performance were investigated. In addition, a support vector machine (SVM) model was introduced to train and predict the diverting results. The results showed that the viscosity of spent VES acid increased and then decreased with the increase of temperature. With the temperature increasing to 313 K, the viscosity of spent acid reached the maximum of 453.1 mPa·s. The higher the temperature, the worse the diverting performance of VES acid. When the temperature was higher than 343 K, the distance of wormhole propagation was significantly reduced. When the temperature is high, the diverting performance of VES acid can be improved by appropriately increasing the injection velocity. However, when the injection velocity is higher than 0.005 m/s, the uniform dissolution due to the excessive injection velocity will reduce the acidizing efficiency. The higher the permeability contrast, the worse the diverting performance. The maximum diverting permeability contrast of VES is not a constant. The maximum diverting permeability contrast of VES acid at a temperature of 323 K and 343 K is about 10 and 8, respectively. The SVM model has high accuracy for diverting performance prediction of diverting acid, with an overall average correct prediction rate of 87.5% for 200 repetitions of training and prediction. This work quantifies the effects of temperature, injection velocity, and permeability contrast on diverting performance, and proposes a diverting performance prediction model for diverting acid system.
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"PS-040 - RELEVANCIA DE LA PATOLOGÍA DUAL EN LA INFECCIÓN DEL VHC EN PACIENTES INGRESADOS EN LA UNIDAD DE HOSPITALIZACIÓN BREVE DE PSIQUIATRÍA DE SALAMANCA". En 24 CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA DUAL. SEPD, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/abstractbooksepd2022.ps040.
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La prevalencia de hepatitis C es claramente superior en pacientes con adicciones y se ha demostrado la relevancia de la presencia de patología dual en unidades de subagudos de Psiquiatría. Existen pocos datos de su prevalencia y relevancia en Unidades de Hospitalización Breve. Se estudia una muestra de 1841 ingresos realizados entre el enero del 2017 y octubre del 2021. Un 40% eran reingresos de pacientes por lo que se incluyen 1096 pacientes distintos (52,1% eran mujeres), edad media de edad 49,62 (DT=16,27). 340 sujetos (31,3%) padecían Trastornos psicóticos, 180 depresivos (17%), 105 Trastornos de Ansiedad (10,1%), 46 Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (4,4%), 72 T. Personalidad (6,9%), 34 tenían CI bajo (3,3%). Hasta 112 pacientes tenían diagnóstico principal de T. por consumo de sustancias (10.2%). 15 pacientes fueron positivos en el análisis de Sífilis (1,5%), 47 sujetos para Hepatitis B (4,7%), 28 pacientes para Hepatitis C (2,8%) y 15 fueron positivos para VIH (1,5%). Los pacientes con T. por consumo de sustancias se asociaron a la presencia de hepatitis C p-valor=0,054 y VIH p-valor=0,044. La presencia de pacientes con serología positiva para la hepatitis C en Unidades de Hospitalización Breve Psiquiátrica es muy superior a la esperable para población general y parece estar vinculada a pacientes duales. Roncero, C., Buch-Vicente, B., Martín-Sánchez, Á. M., Álvarez-Navares, A. I., Andrés-Olivera, P., Gamonal-Limcaoco, S., Lozano-López, M. T., Aguilar, L., Sánchez-Casado, F., & García-Ullán, L. (2022). Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with chronic mental disorders: The relevance of dual disorders. Gastroenterologia y hepatologia, S0210-5705(22)00172-8. Braude, M. R., Phan, T., Dev, A., & Sievert, W. (2021). Determinants of Hepatitis C Virus Prevalence in People With Serious Mental Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 83(1), 21r14079.
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Демидова, Т. Ю., К. Г. Лобанова y А. С. Кочина. "КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПАЦИЕНТОВ С САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПА, ГОСПИТАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ В ЦЕНТР СПАСЕНИЯ КОНЕЧНОСТЕЙ В 2019-2020 ГГ." En X (XXIX) НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ КОНГРЕСС ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГОВ с международным участием «Персонализированная медицина и практическое здравоохранение». ФГБУ «НМИЦ эндокринологии» Минздрава России, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/cong23-26.05.23-100.
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Поражение нижних конечностей (НК) при сахарном диабете (СД) является частой причиной ампутации,
что приводит к значительному снижению качества жизни пациентов. Несмотря на широкий спектр совре-
менных методов лечения СД, прогрессивный рост количества ампутаций у данных пациентов является
актуальной проблемой.
ЦЕЛЬ: изучить клинико-лабораторные характеристики пациентов центра спасения конечностей (ЦСК)
с сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД2).
МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: проведен ретроспективный анализ 729 историй болезни пациентов, имею-
щих СД2 и госпитализированных в ЦСК ГБУЗ ГКБ им. В.П. Демихова в период с 2019 по 2020 гг.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: всего в анализ вошло 729 пациентов. Медиана возраста – 66,0 лет [59,0; 73,0]. У 50,89%
(n=371) пациентов стаж СД2 более 10 лет. Средний ИМТ составил 31,82±0,43 (95% ДИ 30,96-32,67).
Наиболее частой сопутствующей патологией являлась артериальная гипертензия (АГ) – 89,57% (n=653).
У 63,24% (n=461) пациентов имелась ИБС, из них у 19,62% (n=143) был инфаркт миокарда в анамнезе.
У 16,87% (n=123) наблюдалось острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения, у 44,31% (n=323) – хрони-
ческая болезнь почек (ХБП).
Медиана гликированного гемоглобина (HbA1c) составляла 7,8% [6,7; 9,1]. Медиана гликемии –
9,9 [7,2; 13,8] ммоль/л.
На инсулинотерапии находились 75,99% (n=554) пациентов, из них 14,9% получали только инсулин
(n=83), а 85,01% (n=471) – базальный инсулин и пероральные сахароснижающие препараты (ПССП). Только
ПССП получали 14,95% (n=109) пациентов. 14,13% (n=103) получали метформин, 6,31% (n=46) – ингиби-
торы дипептидилпептидазы-4 (иДПП-4), 0,41% (n=3) – агонисты глюкагоноподобного пептида (аГПП-1),
3,70% (n=27) – ингибиторы натрий-глюкозного ко-транспортера (иНГЛТ-2), 16,46% (n=120) – препараты
сульфонилмочевины. Лечение статинами получали 38,59% пациентов (n=225). Среди имевших АГ терапия
ингибиторами ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы была назначена 79,46% (n=472) пациентам,
блокаторами кальциевых каналов – 20,55% (n=128).
При поступлении у 72,7% пациентов (n=530) был диагностирован СДС. У 27,2% (n=199) – облитериру-
ющий атеросклероз артерий НК, из них у 66% (n=133) – критическая ишемия НК. У 26% пациентов с СДС
(n=244) имела место гангрена, у 34,5% (n=183) – язва, у 23,9% (n=127) – флегмона, у 9,05% (n=48) – абсцесс,
остеомиелит встречался у 11,8 (n=63) пациентов данной группы.
В отделении 15,5% (n=113) пациентам провели реваскуляризацию, 14,4% (n=105) было проведено стен-
тирование, 1,1% (n=8) – шунтирование. Ампутация НК была выполнена 51% пациентов (n=372), из них 9,95%
(n=37) – высокая ампутация, 90,05% (n=335) – низкая ампутация. Среди пациентов с СДС только местное
лечение получили 33,5% (n=244), антибактериальную терапию получали 7,2% пациентов (n=53). Выписаны
с улучшением 98,5% (n=718) пациентов, летальность стала исходом госпитализации в 1,5% случаев (n=11).
ВЫВОДЫ: большинство пациентов ЦСК с СД2, госпитализированных в 2019-2020 г., были старше 60 лет
(68,86% (n=502)), имели ожирение (64,14% (n=127)), а также атеросклеротические сердечно-сосудистые за-
болевания (АГ – 89,57% (n=653), ИБС – 63,24% (n=461), ОНМК в анамнезе – 16,87% (=123)). У 50,89% (n=371)
пациентов стаж СД2 составлял более 10 лет, у 44,31% (n=323) имелась ХБП. Исходом 51% (n=372) госпита-
лизаций стала ампутация НК, что требует более тщательного подхода к профилактике и своевременной
диагностике поражения НК у пациентов с СД.
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Qi, Zhenbang, Li Jiang, Maroghoke Emakpor, Suzanne Stewart, Jonathan Abbott y Ali Abedini. "Critical Evaluation of Chemical Additives in Reducing the Minimum Miscibility Pressure for Gas Injection Process". En SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214953-ms.
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Abstract It is highly desirable to achieve minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) between injection gas and reservoir crude oil phase under the reservoir pressure in the gas injection (Huff-n-Puff) process, despite the obvious challenges, in order to gain more productive sweep efficiency and hence higher oil recovery yield. Here, we report on the evaluation of the performance of five discrete chemical additives in lowering the MMP of a hydrocarbon gas mixture with a representative crude oil through utilization of a microfluidic MMP measurement device. In the current study, a microfluidic platform was developed to accurately measure the MMP of a hydrocarbon gas and crude oil system in the presence and absence of chemical additives at 77°F and 150 °F, respectively. The gas stream consists of 70 mol% methane and 30 mol% propane, representing a typical hydrocarbon gas used for gas injection operations. A group of selected chemical additives were individually premixed with the oil phase at 1 wt% loading prior to the microfluidic testing to quantify the reduction in the MMP. The highly sensitive fluorescent microscopy was also employed to provide real-time insight into the porescale of the oil displacement during the gas injection process. The MMP of the gas and oil system was measured to be 3060 Psia at 77 °F. All the chemical additives demonstrated an effective reduction in the MMP within in a range of 9–21% with one of the additives outperformed the best, lowering the MMP to 2410 Psia. The direct fluorescent optical access into the microfluidic porous structure, however, showed considerable deposition occurred during injection for some of these chemical additives, a potential concern for formation damage. The top two chemical additives were then tested at 150 °F and compared with the gas–oil MMP with no chemical additive (3785 Psia at 150 °F). The selected two chemical additives lowered the MMP to 3425 Psia (10% reduction) and 3495 Psia (8% reduction) with no depositions observed in the porous media. The use of selected chemical additives to lower the MMP can make a significant contribution to the gas injection EOR processes in depleted reservoirs that can in turn potentially improve the performance of the reservoir-scale productions. This work reveals critical insight in chemical additive selection, plus dosages, for effective MMP reduction. Although the extent of MMP reduction was decreased at higher temperature, 10% reduction is nevertheless remarkable, given its low dosage, and can be improved further by adjusting the chemical loadings for high pressure operations. The microfluidic MMP testing platform is advantageous over the conventional slim tube method in significantly shortened turnaround time and minimized fluid consumption.
Informes sobre el tema "342.240 8"
1
Sakhare, Rahul Suryakant, Howell Li, Jijo K. Mathew, Jairaj Desai, Deborah Horton y Darcy M. Bullock. Indiana Interstate Speed Profiles 2018–2022. Purdue University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317589.
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Systemwide interstate performance measures that detail hours and location of congestion on an interstate provide important information for decision makers to plan capital projects and assess operations. This report presents summary of mile-hours of congestion across 8 Indiana interstates and the Indiana toll road. Hours of operation by speed bins (0 to 14 mph, 15 mph to 24 mph, 25 mph to 34 mph, 35 mph to 44 mph, 45 mph to 54 mph, 55 mph to 64 mph, more than 65 mph) for every 0.1 mile of the interstates across a month were tabulated for every hour of every day during the month. The quantities of those six different speed bins are plotted as a stacked bar plot from lower to higher speeds by mile marker for each month. The vertical axis shows the mile marker of the interstate. Horizontally, these stacked bars are cropped at maximum of 250 hours (a little more than 10 days) per month to focus on the lower speeds. To produce these plots, approximately 60 billion records from INRIX across 5 years were analyzed. These speed profiles help identify areas with congestion at system level as well as regions impacted by severe winter storms and construction projects.
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Becher, Julie, Samuel Beal, Susan Taylor, Katerina Dontsova y Dean Wilcox. Photo-transformation of aqueous nitroguanidine and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one : emerging munitions compounds. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), agosto de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41743.
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Two major components of insensitive munition formulations, nitroguanidine (NQ) and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), are highly water soluble and therefore likely to photo-transform while in solution in the environment. The ecotoxicities of NQ and NTO solutions are known to increase with UV exposure, but a detailed accounting of aqueous degradation rates, products, and pathways under different exposure wavelengths is currently lacking. We irradiated aqueous solutions of NQ and NTO over a 32-h period at three ultraviolet wavelengths and analyzed their degradation rates and transformation products. NQ was completely degraded by 30 min at 254 nm and by 4 h at 300 nm, but it was only 10% degraded after 32 h at 350 nm. Mass recoveries of NQ and its transformation products were >80% for all three wavelengths. NTO degradation was greatest at 300 nm with 3% remaining after 32 h, followed by 254 nm (7% remaining) and 350 nm (20% remaining). Mass recoveries of NTO and its transformation products were high for the first 8 h but decreased to 22–48% by 32 h. Environmental half-lives of NQ and NTO in pure water were estimated as 4 and 6 days, respectively. We propose photo-degradation pathways for NQ and NTO supported by observed and quantified degradation products and changes in solution pH.
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Pavlovic, Noel, Barbara Plampin, Gayle Tonkovich y David Hamilla. Special flora and vegetation of Indiana Dunes National Park. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302417.
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The Indiana Dunes (comprised of 15 geographic units (see Figure 1) which include Indiana Dunes National Park, Dunes State Park, and adjacent Shirley Heinze Land Trust properties) are remarkable in the Midwest and Great Lakes region for the vascular plant diversity, with an astounding 1,212 native plant species in an area of approximately 16,000 acres! This high plant diversity is the result of the interactions among postglacial migrations, the variety of soil substrates, moisture conditions, topography, successional gradients, ?re regimes, proximity to Lake Michigan, and light levels. This richness is all the more signi?cant given the past human alterations of the landscape resulting from logging; conversion to agriculture; construction of transportation corridors, industrial sites, and residential communities; ?re suppression; land abandonment; and exotic species invasions. Despite these impacts, multiple natural areas supporting native vegetation persist. Thus, each of the 15 units of the Indiana Dunes presents up to eight subunits varying in human disturbance and consequently in ?oristic richness. Of the most signi?cant units of the park in terms of number of native species, Cowles Dunes and the Dunes State Park stand out from all the other units, with 786 and 686 native species, respectively. The next highest ranked units for numbers of native species include Keiser (630), Furnessville (574), Miller Woods (551), and Hoosier Prairie (542). The unit with lowest plant richness is Heron Rookery (220), with increasing richness in progression from Calumet Prairie (320), Hobart Prairie Grove (368), to Pinhook Bog (380). Signi?cant natural areas, retaining native vegetation composition and structure, include Cowles Bog (Cowles Dunes Unit), Howes Prairie (Cowles Dunes), Dunes Nature Preserve (Dunes State Park), Dunes Prairie Nature Preserve (Dunes State Park), Pinhook Bog, Furnessville Woods (Furnessville), Miller Woods, Inland Marsh, and Mnoke Prairie (Bailly). Wilhelm (1990) recorded a total of 1,131 native plant species for the ?ora of the Indiana Dunes. This was similar to the 1,132 species recorded by the National Park Service (2014) for the Indiana Dunes. Based on the nomenclature of Swink and Wilhelm (1994), Indiana Dunes National Park has 1,206 native plant species. If we include native varieties and hybrids, the total increases to 1,244 taxa. Based on the nomenclature used for this report?the Flora of North America (FNA 2022), and the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS 2022)?Indiana Dunes National Park houses 1,206 native vascular plant species. As of this writing (2020), the Indiana Dunes is home to 37% of the species of conservation concern in Indiana (241 out of 624 Indiana-listed species): state extirpated = 10 species, state endangered = 75, and state threatened = 100. Thus, 4% of the state-listed species in the Indiana Dunes are extirpated, 31% endangered, and 41% threatened. Watch list and rare categories have been eliminated. Twenty-nine species once documented from the Indiana Dunes may be extirpated because they have not been seen since 2001. Eleven have not been seen since 1930 and 15 since 1978. If we exclude these species, then there would be a total of 1,183 species native to the Indiana Dunes. Many of these are cryptic in their life history or diminutive, and thus are di?cult to ?nd. Looking at the growth form of native plants, <1% (nine species) are clubmosses, 3% (37) are ferns, 8% (297) are grasses and sedges, 56% (682) are forbs or herbs, 1% (16) are herbaceous vines, <1% (7) are subshrubs (woody plants of herbaceous stature), 5% (60) are shrubs, 1% (11) are lianas (woody vines), and 8% (93) are trees. Of the 332 exotic species (species introduced from outside North America), 65% (219 species) are forbs such as garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata), 15% (50 species) are graminoids such as phragmites (Phragmites australis ssp. australis), 2% (seven species) are vines such as ?eld bindweed (Convulvulus arvensis), <1% (two species) are subshrubs such as Japanese pachysandra (Pachysandra terminalis), 8% (28 species) are shrubs such as Asian bush honeysuckle (Lonicera spp.), 1% (three species) are lianas such as oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus), and 8% (23 species) are trees such as tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissimus). Of the 85 adventive species, native species that have invaded from elsewhere in North America, 14% (11 species) are graminoids such as broom sedge (Andropogon virginicus), 57% (48 species) are forbs such as fall phlox (Phlox paniculata), 5% (six species) are shrubs such as Carolina allspice (Calycanthus floridus), 3% (two species) are subshrubs such as holly leaved barberry (Berberis repens), 1% (one species) is a liana (trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans), 3% two species) are herbaceous vines such as tall morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea), and 17% (15 species) are trees such as American holly (Ilex opaca). A total of 436 species were found to be ?special? based on political rankings (federal and state-listed threatened and endangered species), species with charismatic ?owers, and those that are locally rare.
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McDonagh, Marian S., Jesse Wagner, Azrah Y. Ahmed, Rongwei Fu, Benjamin Morasco, Devan Kansagara y Roger Chou. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), octubre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer250.
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Objectives. To evaluate the evidence on benefits and harms of cannabinoids and similar plant-based compounds to treat chronic pain. Data sources. Ovid® MEDLINE®, PsycINFO®, Embase®, the Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS® databases, reference lists of included studies, submissions received after Federal Register request were searched to July 2021. Review methods. Using dual review, we screened search results for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of patients with chronic pain evaluating cannabis, kratom, and similar compounds with any comparison group and at least 1 month of treatment or followup. Dual review was used to abstract study data, assess study-level risk of bias, and rate the strength of evidence. Prioritized outcomes included pain, overall function, and adverse events. We grouped studies that assessed tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or cannabidiol (CBD) based on their THC to CBD ratio and categorized them as high-THC to CBD ratio, comparable THC to CBD ratio, and low-THC to CBD ratio. We also grouped studies by whether the product was a whole-plant product (cannabis), cannabinoids extracted or purified from a whole plant, or synthetic. We conducted meta-analyses using the profile likelihood random effects model and assessed between-study heterogeneity using Cochran’s Q statistic chi square and the I2 test for inconsistency. Magnitude of benefit was categorized into no effect or small, moderate, and large effects. Results. From 2,850 abstracts, 20 RCTs (N=1,776) and 7 observational studies (N=13,095) assessing different cannabinoids were included; none of kratom. Studies were primarily short term, and 75 percent enrolled patients with a variety of neuropathic pain. Comparators were primarily placebo or usual care. The strength of evidence (SOE) was low, unless otherwise noted. Compared with placebo, comparable THC to CBD ratio oral spray was associated with a small benefit in change in pain severity (7 RCTs, N=632, 0 to10 scale, mean difference [MD] −0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.95 to −0.19, I2=28%; SOE: moderate) and overall function (6 RCTs, N=616, 0 to 10 scale, MD −0.42, 95% CI −0.73 to −0.16, I2=24%). There was no effect on study withdrawals due to adverse events. There was a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation and a moderate increased risk of nausea (dizziness: 6 RCTs, N=866, 30% vs. 8%, relative risk [RR] 3.57, 95% CI 2.42 to 5.60, I2=0%; sedation: 6 RCTs, N=866, 22% vs. 16%, RR 5.04, 95% CI 2.10 to 11.89, I2=0%; and nausea: 6 RCTs, N=866, 13% vs. 7.5%, RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.78, I2=0%). Synthetic products with high-THC to CBD ratios were associated with a moderate improvement in pain severity, a moderate increase in sedation, and a large increase in nausea (pain: 6 RCTs, N=390 to 10 scale, MD −1.15, 95% CI −1.99 to −0.54, I2=39%; sedation: 3 RCTs, N=335, 19% vs. 10%, RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.63, I2=0%; nausea: 2 RCTs, N=302, 12% vs. 6%, RR 2.19, 95% CI 0.77 to 5.39; I²=0%). We found moderate SOE for a large increased risk of dizziness (2 RCTs, 32% vs. 11%, RR 2.74, 95% CI 1.47 to 6.86, I2=0%). Extracted whole-plant products with high-THC to CBD ratios (oral) were associated with a large increased risk of study withdrawal due to adverse events (1 RCT, 13.9% vs. 5.7%, RR 3.12, 95% CI 1.54 to 6.33) and dizziness (1 RCT, 62.2% vs. 7.5%, RR 8.34, 95% CI 4.53 to 15.34). We observed a moderate improvement in pain severity when combining all studies of high-THC to CBD ratio (8 RCTs, N=684, MD −1.25, 95% CI −2.09 to −0.71, I2=50%; SOE: moderate). Evidence on whole-plant cannabis, topical CBD, low-THC to CBD, other cannabinoids, comparisons with active products, and impact on use of opioids was insufficient to draw conclusions. Other important harms (psychosis, cannabis use disorder, and cognitive effects) were not reported. Conclusions. Low to moderate strength evidence suggests small to moderate improvements in pain (mostly neuropathic), and moderate to large increases in common adverse events (dizziness, sedation, nausea) and study withdrawal due to adverse events with high- and comparable THC to CBD ratio extracted cannabinoids and synthetic products in short-term treatment (1 to 6 months). Evidence for whole-plant cannabis, and other comparisons, outcomes, and PBCs were unavailable or insufficient to draw conclusions. Small sample sizes, lack of evidence for moderate and long-term use and other key outcomes, such as other adverse events and impact on use of opioids during treatment, indicate that more research is needed.
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Putriastuti, Massita Ayu Cindy, Vivi Fitriyanti, Vivid Amalia Khusna y Inka B. Yusgiantoro. Crowdfunding Potential: Willingness to Invest and Donate for Green Project in Indonesia. Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center, agosto de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33116/pycrr-1.
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Highlights • Individual investors prefer to have an investment with high ROI rather than a low-profit investment with environmental and social benefits. • Males invest and donate more money than females in terms of quantity and frequency. • People with a level of education above an associate degree (D3) have a significantly higher level of willingness to invest and donate to green project, compared to people with a lower level of education. • In general, people with a higher income level have a higher willingness to invest. However, there is no proof on the relationship between level of income and willingness to donate. • The age increases have a positive correlation with the willingness to invest in green project. Nevertheless, people >44 years old are more interested in donating than investing. • The younger generation (<44 years) tends to pick higher returns and short payback periods compared to the older generations (>44 years). • The respondents tend to invest and donate to the project located in the frontier, outermost, and least developed region (3T) even though the majority of the respondents are from Java, Madura, and Bali. • A social project such as health and education are preferable projects chosen by the respondents to invest and donate to, followed by the conservation, climate crisis, region’s welfare, and clean energy access. • Clean energy has not been seen as one of the preferred targets for green project investors and donors due to the poor knowledge of its direct impact on the environment and people’s welfare. • The average willingness to invest and donate is IDR 10,527,004 and IDR 2,893,079/person/annum with desired return on investment (ROI) and payback period (PP) of 5–8% 24 months, respectively. • Respondents prefer to donate more money to reward donations than donations without reward. • There is an enormous potential of crowdfunding as green project alternative financing, including renewable energy. The total investment could reach up to IDR 192 trillion (USD 13.4 billion)/annum and up to IDR 46 trillion (USD 3.2 billion)/annum for donation. • The main bottlenecks are poor financial literacy and the lack of platforms to facilitate public participation. • COVID-19 has decreased willingness to pay and invest due to income reduction and the uncertain economic recovery situation. However, it makes people pay more attention to the sustainability factor (shifting paradigm in investment).
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Albright, Jeff, Kim Struthers, Lisa Baril, John Spence, Mark Brunson y Ken Hyde. Natural resource conditions at Glen Canyon National Recreation Area: Findings & management considerations for selected resources. National Park Service, abril de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293112.
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Glen Canyon National Recreation Area (GLCA) encompasses more than 0.5 million ha (1.25 million ac) and extends over 322 km (200 mi) from its northern boundary in southern Utah to its southern boundary in northern Arizona. It is one of the most rugged, remote, and floristically diverse national parks on the Southern Colorado Plateau (Thomas et. al 2005) and has more than 4,900 km (3,045 mi) of waterways flowing through its eight Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC 8) watersheds. GLCA’s larger perennial rivers include the Colorado, Escalante, Dirty Devil, San Juan, and Paria, with smaller perennial and intermittent streams flowing into each of these rivers. After the creation of the Glen Canyon Dam, Lake Powell formed, covering 13% of the park’s total land area when full and the national recreation area attracts over 4 million visitors annually, and in 2019 GLCA ranked 19th highest in recreational visits out of all national parks. The National Park Service Natural Resource Condition Assessment Program selected GLCA to pilot its new NRCA project series. NRCA projects evaluate the best available science to provide park managers with reliable, actionable information pertaining to natural resource conditions in their park. For the park-selected focal study resources, this includes consideration of drivers and stressors known or suspected of influencing resource conditions; assessment of current conditions and trends for indicators of condition; and potential near-term and future activities or actions managers can consider, improving their knowledge and management of natural resources in parks. For focal resources that lack adequate data to assess current conditions, a gap analysis is provided (in lieu of a condition assessment) to highlight the present status of knowledge of the resource and to suggest useful indicators, data, and studies for further consideration and investigation. Park managers are encouraged to identify information needs and pose questions during the NRCA scoping process, with the understanding that information will be provided to help address those needs and answer those questions when possible. For a comprehensive list of GLCA managers’ questions and needs, please refer to Appendix A, Table A-1. The focus of GLCA’s NRCA study was the water-dependent resources—tinajas, springs & seeps, including water quality, riparian zone, amphibians, including the northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens), and small, native fishes—that are found off the mainstem Colorado River. Managers were interested in these particular environments and the natural resources that depend on them because they are less studied, and the habitats are “biodiversity hotspots” due to the intersection of complex desert and freshwater ecosystems in a region limited by water. The following summaries highlight the key findings of GLCA’s focal resource drivers and stressors (Chapter 2), states (Chapter 3), and manager responses (Chapter 4).
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Schneider, Julia y Märit Jansson. Lekplatsers kvalitet och kvantitet över tid - Ett projekt inom fortlöpande miljöanalys. Institutionen för landskapsarkitektur, planering och förvaltning, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.7n85nd798h.
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Offentliga lekplatser är viktiga för barns lek och hälsa som en del av en barnvänlig bebyggd miljö. Det har tidigare saknats en nationell överblick över svenska lekplatsers kvalitet och kvantitet. I detta miljöanalysprojekt har antalet allmänna, kommunala lekplatser i Sverige beräknats och jämförts med tidigare insamlade data om antal i ett urval kommuner för att se förändring över tid. Ett forskningsbaserat verktyg för att analysera lekplatsers kvalitet har också testats och utvärderats. Antalet lekplatser i Sverige som är öppna för allmänheten utan inskränkning i tid samt förvaltas av kommuner har sammanställts med hjälp av kommunhemsidor och e-post eller telefonkontakt med tjänstepersoner. Antalet uppskattas vara 9590 stycken hösten 2022. Tre grupper av tidigare insamlad data möjliggör att se förändring i antal lekplatser i ett urval kommuner under två decennier. Från 2001 till 2022 beräknas antalet lekplatser i de norrländska kommunerna ha minskat med 48 %. Från 2005 till 2022 har antalet lekplatser i 20 andra kommuner minskat med 32 %, och från 2017 till 2022 har antalet hos totalt 52 kommuner minskat med 8 %. Även om vissa lekplatser kan ha tagits över av annan förvaltning, tyder sammanställningen på en tydlig minskning av antalet lekplatser förvaltade av svenska kommuner under 2000-talet, möjligen med hälften. Vad minskningen beror på har inte undersökts närmare i studien, men kommentarer från tjänstepersoner vittnar om en kombination av besparingar, eftersatt underhåll och nya krav på säkerhet och tillgänglighet. Det har ofta lett fram till lokala strategier som främjar färre lekplatser. Verktyget för att bedöma lekplatsers kvalitet är baserat på en sammanställning av forskning från 2010 och har vidareutvecklats i flera steg. I projektet har det testats av tjänstepersoner på 28 lekplatser i 11 kommuner, där spridningen i resultat var stor. Detta ger också grund för fortlöpande analys av kvalitet på just dessa 28 lekplatser. Med utgångspunkt i återkoppling från tjänstepersoner som har testat verktyget, har det justerats och presenteras här i sin senaste version, kallad Analysverktyg för lekmiljöer, ALM. Verktyget har visat sig vara användbart i flera faser. Dock kan användningen av verktyg för att analysera kvalitet hos lekplatser problematiseras då det riskerar att bland annat främja likformighet. Resultaten och diskussioner med projektets referensgrupp samt inspel från tjänstepersoner har stakat ut flera möjliga vägar framåt för fortsatta studier om lekplatser. Dessa kan omfatta mer detaljerade studier av olika typer och storlekar, av olika förvaltningsformer eller av de analyser som ligger bakom förändringar hos olika kommuner.
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Chou, Roger, Azrah Y. Ahmed, Christina Bougatsos, Benjamin J. Morasco, Rebecca Holmes, Terran Gilbreath y Rongwei Fu. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain: 2022 Update—Surveillance Report 2. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), enero de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer250.2022updatesr2.
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Objectives. To update the evidence on benefits and harms of cannabinoids and similar plant-based compounds to treat chronic pain using a living systematic review approach. Data sources. Ovid® MEDLINE®, PsycINFO®, Embase®, the Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS® databases; reference lists of included studies; and submissions received after Federal Register request were searched to October 24, 2022. Review methods. Using dual review, we screened search results for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of patients with chronic pain evaluating cannabis, kratom, and similar compounds with any comparison group and at least 1 month of treatment or followup. Dual review was used to abstract study data, assess study-level risk of bias, and rate the strength of evidence (SOE). Prioritized outcomes included pain, overall function, and adverse events. We grouped studies that assessed tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or cannabidiol (CBD) based on their THC to CBD ratio and categorized them as comparable THC to CBD ratio, high-THC to CBD ratio, and low-THC to CBD ratio. We also grouped studies by whether the product was a whole-plant product (cannabis), cannabinoids extracted or purified from a whole plant, or a synthetic product. We conducted meta-analyses using the profile likelihood random effects model and assessed between-study heterogeneity using Cochran’s Q statistic chi square test and the I2 statistic. Magnitude of benefit was categorized as no effect or small, moderate, and large effects. Results. From a total of 3,568 abstracts, 21 RCTs (N=1,905) and 9 observational studies (N=15,079) assessing different cannabinoids were included; none evaluated kratom. Studies were primarily short term, and 60 percent enrolled patients with neuropathic pain. Comparators were primarily placebo or usual care. The SOE was low unless otherwise noted. Compared with placebo, comparable THC to CBD ratio oral spray was associated with a small benefit in pain severity (7 RCTs, N=632, 0 to 10 scale, mean difference [MD] −0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.95 to −0.19, I2=39%; SOE: moderate) and overall function (6 RCTs, N=616, 0 to 10 scale, MD −0.42, 95% CI −0.73 to −0.16, I2=32%). There was no effect on study withdrawals due to adverse events. There was a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation, and a moderate increased risk of nausea (dizziness: 6 RCTs, N=866, 31.0% vs. 8.0%, relative risk [RR] 3.57, 95% CI 2.42 to 5.60, I2=0%; sedation: 6 RCTs, N=866, 8.0% vs. 1.2%, RR 5.04, 95% CI 2.10 to 11.89, I2=0%; and nausea: 6 RCTs, N=866, 13% vs. 7.5%, RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.77, I2=0%). Synthetic products with high-THC to CBD ratios were associated with a moderate improvement in pain severity, a moderate increase in sedation, and a large increase in nausea (pain: 6 RCTs, N=390, 0 to 10 scale, MD −1.15, 95% CI −1.99 to −0.54, I2=48%; sedation: 3 RCTs, N=335, 19% vs. 10%, RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.63, I2=28%; nausea: 2 RCTs, N=302, 12.3% vs. 6.1%, RR 2.19, 95% CI 0.77 to 5.39; I²=0%). We also found moderate SOE for a large increased risk of dizziness (2 RCTs, 32% vs. 11%, RR 2.74, 95% CI 1.47 to 6.86, I2=40%). Extracted whole-plant products with high-THC to CBD ratios (oral) were associated with a large increased risk of study withdrawal due to adverse events (1 RCT, 13.9% vs. 5.7%, RR 3.12, 95% CI 1.54 to 6.33) and dizziness (1 RCT, 62.2% vs. 7.5%, RR 8.34, 95% CI 4.53 to 15.34); outcomes assessing benefit were not reported or insufficient. We observed a moderate improvement in pain severity when combining all studies of high-THC to CBD ratio (8 RCTs, N=684, MD −1.25, 95% CI −2.09 to −0.71, I2=58%; SOE: moderate). Evidence (including observational studies) on whole-plant cannabis, topical or oral CBD, low-THC to CBD, other cannabinoids, comparisons with active products or between cannabis-related products, and impact on use of opioids was insufficient to draw conclusions. Other important harms (psychosis, cannabis use disorder, and cognitive effects) were not reported. Conclusions. Low to moderate strength evidence suggests small to moderate improvements in pain (mostly neuropathic), and moderate to large increases in common adverse events (dizziness, sedation, nausea) with high and comparable THC to CBD ratio extracted cannabinoids and synthetic products during short-term treatment (1 to 6 months); high-THC to CBD ratio products were also associated with increased risk of withdrawal due to adverse events. Evidence for whole-plant cannabis and other comparisons, outcomes, and plant-based compounds was unavailable or insufficient to draw conclusions. Small sample sizes, lack of evidence for moderate and long-term use and other key outcomes, such as other adverse events and impact on use of opioids during treatment, indicate that more research is needed.
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Vadmand Jensen, Victor, Rikke Hagensby Jensen, Kristina Laursen y Maria Kjærup. Sektorkobling via Energifællesskaber: Værdi-Sensitivt Design i Energifællesskab Avedøre (Forskningsnotat). Aalborg University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau519439365.
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Projektet “Sektorkobling via Energifællesskaber” undersøger, hvordan digital teknologi kan supportere lokale energifællesskaber, der gerne vil indgå som samlepunkt for forskellige energi og forsyningssektorer (el, varme, og vand). Problemejerne for projektet er Energifællesskab Avedøre (EFA), der er Danmarks første borgerdrevet energifællesskab [8]. Da borgerne er vigtige aktører i energifællesskaber, er det derfor relevant at sætte menneskelige værdier i centrum for at forstå, hvordan supporterende digitale teknologier kan udformes med mulige etiske udfordringer for øje. I dette forskningsnotat afrapporterer vi på et brugerstudie udført af medarbejdere fra forskningsgruppen Human-Centered Computing på Institut for Datalogi, Aalborg Universitet. Som en del af dette studie, har vi benyttet Værdi-Sensitivt Design (VSD) [10] til at kortlægge socio-tekniske [16, 37] værdier, der på spil for medlemmer og aktører i EnergiFælleskab Avedøre. Vi mener, at identifikationen af disse værdier kan spille en vigtig rolle i at forstå, hvilke socio-tekniske værdier der udspiller sig – og eventuelt er i konflikt – i dette nyoprettet energifællesskab. Desuden bidrager denne viden med at forstå hvordan værdier kan supporteres gennem udvikling af digitale teknologier. Som en del af dette arbejde har vi udført en analyse af værdier identificeret i litteraturen omkring bæredygtig omstilling og digitale platforme. Dernæst har vi gennem en tematisk analyse [4] af interviews med forskellige aktører i EFA, undersøgt forventningerne til EFA, og hvordan disse forventninger kobler sig på forskellige værdier. Dette arbejde har resulteret i et dybdegående indblik i, hvilke værdier er vigtige at holde for øje, når der skal udformes nye digitale energi-platforme til sektorkobling via energifællesskaber. Baseret på denne analyse har vi gennem samarbejde med FlexShape udviklet en informationsskærm til opsætning på Hvidovre Gymnasium, som håndterer udvalgte værdier. Vi rapporterer udvalgt på denne informationsskærm fra et VSD-perspektiv. Vi mener, at værdierne præsenteret i denne rapport, er vigtige af flere grunde. Idet værdier implicit bliver indskrevet i teknologier [34], så kan designere og udviklere også implicit promovere uønskede værdier og forhindre ønskede værdier. Værdierne beskrevet i denne rapport kan fungere som ”ledesten”, som kan holdes for øje i fremtidig design og udvikling. Med de mange interesser i et energifællesskab, så er det også fordelagtigt at have disse værdier ved hånden. Med disse, så kan der foretages bevidste afvejninger af værdier, både i teknisk udvikling såvel som social organisering [16, 37]. Arbejdet beskrevet i denne rapport er blevet finansieret af Den Europæiske Regionale Udviklingsfond: RFD-16-0024. Vi takker alle informanterne for deres deltagelse og interessante perspektiver, såvel som FlexShape1, EBO Consult2 og Hvidovre Gymnasium & HF3 for samarbejdet om design og udvikling. Dele af arbejdet er blevet forskningspeer-reviewet med udgivelse i 2023 [24]
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Larramendy, Peter, Linnea Hall y Annie Little. Landbird trends 2016–2021, and 2021 annual report: Channel Islands National Park. National Park Service, agosto de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299629.
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The National Park Service (NPS) began monitoring landbirds at Channel Islands National Park in 1993 as part of its long-term inventory and monitoring program. The park’s landbird monitoring later became part of the NPS Inventory and Monitoring Division’s Mediterranean Coast Network long-term monitoring programs. Consequently, landbird monitoring has been conducted during every breeding season since 1993. In this report, we summarize data collected during the 2021 breeding season and we analyze trends in a select number of species. Landbird monitoring was conducted between 10 March and 22 May 2021. Using distance-based sampling methods in a standardized protocol, birds were counted on 334 of 338 permanent point count stations (99%) across the Channel Islands monitored for landbirds. These surveys were conducted at 29 of 33 points on Santa Barbara Island, 8 of 8 on East Anacapa Islet, 112 of 112 on Santa Cruz Island, 40 of 40 on San Miguel Island, and 145 of 145 on Santa Rosa Island. Four points on Santa Barbara Island were not counted due to nesting California Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) and Western Gulls (Larus occidentalis); 3 of 4 points (i.e., 17, 19, and 20) were also not counted in 2016–2021 to avoid disturbing breeding pelicans. This was the first monitoring season that the permanent line transects on Santa Barbara, East Anacapa, and San Miguel Islands were not surveyed. During the 2021 monitoring season, Channel Islands National Park decided to stop using line transects and focus on point count stations only, based on an external review of the landbird monitoring program. Fifty-six bird species were counted at point count stations across all of the islands in 2021. Parkwide, 40 of these species are breeders in Channel Islands National Park. Parkwide, the 10 most detected breeding landbirds in 2021 were, in descending order: Spotted Towhee, Song Sparrow, Bewick’s Wren, Orange-crowned Warbler, House Finch, Western Meadowlark, Horned Lark, Common Raven, Island Scrub-Jay, and Pacific-slope Flycatcher (scientific names in Table 2 and Appendix A). On East Anacapa Islet, 26 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 7 species were counted in 2021. No new transient species were detected in 2021; 6 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island overall since 1993. On Santa Barbara Island, 50 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 13 species were counted in 2021. Lincoln’s Sparrow was a new transient species counted in 2021 on Santa Barbara; 23 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Cruz Island, 78 landbird species have been counted since 2013; 45 species were counted in 2021. Hermit Warbler, Lawrence’s Goldfinch and Warbling Vireo were new transient species counted in 2021 on Santa Cruz Island; 21 transient or visiting species have been counted on this island since 2013. On San Miguel Island, 70 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 10 were counted in 2021. No transient species were counted in 2021; 32 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Rosa Island, 78 landbird species have been counted since 1994; 39 were detected in 2021. No new transient species were counted in 2021 on Santa Rosa; 21 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1994. Nonnative and invasive birds were counted on only 1 of the 5 islands in 2021: 23 European Starlings on Santa Rosa Island. However, anecdotal sightings of nonnative species occurred more frequently (i.e., outside of survey times) on Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa Islands in 2021. The highest numbers of nonnative species detections occurred on Santa Rosa Island, with 25 detections of Eurasian Collared Dove (primarily at the Historic Ranch), 18 detections of European Starling (Historic Ranch), 2 detections of Brown-headed Cowbird, and 1 Rock Pigeon detection (Historic Ranch). Other species were not reported by Channel Islands National Park landbird monitors or in eBird in 2021. This was the first annual monitoring report since the Coonan and Dye (2016) trend report to incorporate density estimates for particular species across Channel Islands National Park. Parkwide, 13 species were analyzed using the Distance Package in R. Of the 13 species analyzed, 5 had either increasing or decreasing densities from 2016 to 2021. All park islands except for Santa Barbara had a species that showed an increasing or decreasing trend from 2016 to 2021. Horned Lark and House Finch on San Miguel Island were the only species to show decreasing trends from 2016 to 2021, which is opposite from the trend presented by Coonan and Dye (2016).