Literatura académica sobre el tema "330.15/3"

The aim was to assess costs and cost-effectiveness of additional acupuncture treatment in patients with headache compared with patients receiving routine care alone. A randomized, controlled trial was conducted, including patients (≥18 years old) with primary headache (more than 12 months, at least two headaches/month). Outcome parameters were quality of life (Short Form 36), direct and indirect costs differences during the 3-month study period and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of acupuncture treatment. A total of 3182 patients (1613 acupuncture; 1569 controls) with headache were included (77.4% women, mean age and standard deviation 42.6 ± 12.3; 22.6% men, 47.2 ± 13.4). Over 3 months costs were higher in the acupuncture group compared with the control [€857.47; 95% confidence interval 790.86, 924.07, vs. €527.34 (459.81, 594.88), P < 0.001, mean difference: €330.12 (235.27, 424.98)]. This cost increase was primarily due to costs of acupuncture [€365.64 (362.19, 369.10)]. The ICER was €11 657 per QALY gained. According to international cost-effectiveness threshold values, acupuncture is a cost-effective treatment in patients with primary headache.

Nigeria's Jebba sub-basins are synonymous to frequent flooding, high rate of erosion, depletion of soil nutrients and unsustainable water use. The uncontrolled flooding may be a result of numerous factors related to topography, geology, climate and human activity. The present work was an attempt to describe the application of Geographical Information System (GIS) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the estimation of morphometric characteristics of eight sub-basins in the upstream watershed of Jebba reservoir, Nigeria. Morphometric characteristics such as topographic, areal, relief and network were determined. Soil Conservation Service (SCS) technique was applied to estimate hydrographs. The study revealed that sub-basin number 3 had the lowest time of concentration and maximum depth of runoff while sub-basin number 2 had maximum ratio of circulation of 1.8 and it is tagged as the area that is highly prone to flood. The peak runoff in the sub-basins ranged between 330.10 and 924.86 m3/s (25-year return period) and for 100-year intervals ranged between 502.69 to 1408.40 m3/s. The estimated peak runoffs can be adopted for designing and constructing erosion control structures in the catchment area.

This research aims to calculate the production capability of loading and conveyance equipment used in coal mining activities, find out what factors affect the non-achievement of coal production suggestions, and then make efforts to increase the production of loading and conveyance equipment so that the targets that have been set can be achieved. . In this study, observation and retrieval of data in the field directly (primary data) and indirectly (secondary data) will then be carried out data processing. Based on the results of calculations, it can be concluded that the production of Komatsu PC400LC Excavator loading equipment is 18,651.11 Tons / month and the production of 4 units of Nissan CWB450HD Dump Truck conveyance is 18.325,66 Tons / month. Factors that cause non-achievement of production targets on loading equipment and conveyance are low work efficiency due to loss of working time and non-optimal distribution time due to road conditions that do not meet the standards. Efforts to increase the production of load tools were made by increasing work efficiency from 63.56% to 64.32%, so that the production target increased to 20,761.54 tons / month. For conveyance, the first alternative that can be done to increase production is to increase work efficiency from 63.34% to 64.10% and optimize the distribution time of conveyance from 359.77 seconds to 330.10 seconds, so that production increases to 20.212,45 Tons / month. The second alternative that can be done is to increase the work efficiency and increase the number of bucket fillings from 3 times to 4 times, so that production increases to 21.986,50 Tons / month.

Introduction: To determine if the upper part of the lower segment of the uterus is a better site for cesarean incision then the traditionally used lower end. Methods: This is a case-control study (1:1 ratio) conducted from 1st October 2012– 30th September 2013 observed between transverse incision at the upper part of the lower segment versus traditional lower segment of the uterus. Two hundred caesarean sections were performed via a transverse uterine incision at the upper part of the lower segment and equal numbers of uterine incision was performed at traditional lower segment. To obtain less intraoperative bleeding high incision made at thicker wider muscular part at of the upper part of lower segment about 2-3 cm distances from vesico-uterine serosa. Results: The estimated volume of blood loss in high incision 188±60.1 ml was significantly less compared to traditional incision 330.1± 86.5 ml (p<0.05). Duration of operation 30.5± 6.6 minute versus 45.3±7.2 minute and tearing the uterine incision was significantly less with the high incision versus traditional incision. Other procedural and patient benefits are noted. Conclusions: An incision at the upper part of the lower segment reduces blood loss, enhances uterine retraction, predisposes to fewer complications, is easier to repair, precludes bladder adhesion to the suture line and reduces operation time. Keywords: caesarean section; higher incision technique; traditional uterine incision technique.

The studies were carried out on the management of foot and root rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. of betelvine (Piper betle L.) during April, 2017 to April, 2018 in a betelvine orchard (baroj) in the experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. There were 10 treatments, namely Provax 200, Tilt 250 EC, Score 250 EC, Pencozeb 80 WP, Garlic clove extract, Allamanda leaf extract, Poultry waste, Vermi-compost, Trichoderma harzianum and Control. The in-vivo evatuation, plant was inoculated by S. rolfsii after six month of plantation. The evaluation revealed that the lowest disease incidence of 8.33% was found in Provax 200 whereas the highest disease incidence of 91.67 was recorded under the untreated control treatment. The maximum of 90.91% reduction in disease incidence over control was found under Provax 200, which was significantly higher compared to all other treatments. Among the treatments, Provax 200 was noted as the most effective fungicide followed by Score 250 EC. The highest yield (7.57 t/ha) at 120 days after inoculation was found in case of Provax 200 which was 330.1% increased over untreated control. Stem and soil treated with Provax 200 including spraying at 3 days after inoculation, then sprayed at 7 days’ intervals minimized disease incidence and increased yield. Among the eco-friendly approach, Garlic clove extract, Trichoderma harzianum and soil amended with Vermi-compost also showed better performance in controlling foot and root rot disease of betelvine as compared to control. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(4): 669-677, December 2019

The composite-particle scenario is a phenomenology that can organize the data of the "sharp lepton problem" posed by heavy-ion and (β+ + atom) studies. It hypothesizes a new composite particle (of mass ~3mc2) as the source of the observed sharp energy (e+e−) decay pairs. Available data rule out the possibilities that the source is a new elementary particle or that it is a quasi-bound state of (e+e−). Occam's razor therefore currently favors the quadronium structure, Q0 = (e+e+e−e−). Implications of quadronium for high-precision quantum electrodynamics (QED) are considered, and calculated and (or) measured deviations in QED that are sensitive to the existence of Q0 are identified. In particular, for the electron magnetic-moment anomaly, a(e) = (ge − 2)/2, a Q0–pole effects a small correction to the contributions of O(α4), which is therefore small compared to the largest current (theoretical) uncertainty. For photon–photon scattering, Q0 corrects the leading order matrix element, and allows resonant Q0 creation in photon–nucleus scattering. Finally, a Q0 bound state corrects the O(α) correction to the leading 3γ annihilation rate of triplet positronium. Therefore Q0 may contribute significantly to this decay rate, which is currently in a 10σ discrepancy with experiment. A current experimental gap is the lack of corroborative data on the sharp (Γ ≤ 2.1 keV) 330.1 keV electrons reported by Sakai from irradiations of U and Th with β+-decay positrons. A study of these (and (or) their expected partner positrons of the same energy) in collisions of (~3 MeV) beam positrons (or electrons) upon high-Z neutral atoms could fill this gap. Similar studies with positrons of 660–795 keV would test the expectation that recoilless resonance creation of the Q0 source of these pairs is also possible.

BackgroundAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a typical autoimmune disease, which can be classified into primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (SAPS) based on the presence or not of other autoimmune diseases. Disorders of peripheral blood lymphocyte and CD4+T cell subsets, especially Th17 and Treg cell subsets, may be involved in the pathogenesis of APS.ObjectivesTo investigate the differences of peripheral blood lymphocyte and CD4+T cell subsets between patients with primary and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome and healthy controls, and to evaluate the correlation of antiphospholipid antibody titers and Th17/Treg values in PAPS and SAPS groups, as well as the correlation of cytokines and clinical characteristics in APS patients.MethodsA total of 67 APS patients (12 PAPS patients, 55 SAPS patients) and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Retrospectively collected clinical and laboratory data of these patients. The absolute numbers of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and CD4+ T cell subsets were detected by flow cytometry, and serum cytokine levels were detected by flow cytometry bead array.ResultsCompared with healthy control group, the absolute values of T [689.26 vs. 1239.00, p＜0.001], B (104.69 vs. 177.50, p＜0.001), NK (98.97 vs. 300.00, p＜0.001) and CD4+T (330.16 vs. 628.50, p＜0.001) cells in SAPS group were decreased. While only the NK cells (151.30 vs. 300.00, p＝0.002) in the PAPS group were lower than that in healthy control group. However, the absolute values of T (1295.41 vs. 689.26, p＝0.001), B (184.44 vs. 104.69, p＝0.012), NK (151.30 vs. 98.97, p＝0.023) and CD4+T cells (698.34 vs. 330.16, p＝0.002) in PAPS group were significantly higher than those in SAPS group. For CD4+T cell subsets, PAPS patients and SAPS patients showed the same trend compared with healthy controls, showing increased Th1(111.50 vs. 23.47, p=0.002 and 71.43 vs. 23.47, p=0.001, respectively), decreased Th2(6.97vs.12.43, p=0.037 and 2.49 vs. 12.43, p＜0.001, respectively) and, more importantly, decreased Treg (18.77 vs. 29.53, p=0.031 and 12.01 vs. 29.53, p＜0.001, respectively), with increased Th17/Treg ratio (0.39 vs. 0.17, p=0.001 and 0.42 vs. 0.17, p＜0.001, respectively). Meanwhile, Th2(6.97 vs. 2.46, p＝0.006), Th17 (8.42 vs. 4.00, p＝0.042) and Treg (18.77 vs. 12.01, p＝0.020) cells in PAPS group were higher than those in SAPS group. As for the correlation study, we concluded that both aCL (r=0.6061, p=0.0405) and aβ2GPI (r=0.6900, p=0.0158) were positively correlated to Th17/Treg ratio in PAPS group. In addition, for APS patients, IL-2 (r=-0.420, p=0.010), IL-4 (r=-0.392, p=0.016), IL-10 (r=-0.331, p=-0.046), IL-17 (r=-0.479, p=0.006), and IFN-γ (r=-0.339, p=0.040) were negatively correlated with titers of aCL. And IL-6 is also associated with ESR (r=0.469, p=0.004) and CRP (r=0.670, p＜0.001).ConclusionWhether PAPS or SAPS patients, detection and balancing of lymphocyte and CD4+T subsets, especially Th17 and Treg subsets, may help correct immune disorders. Of course, the immune function of primary and secondary APS patients is not completely consistent, at least in terms of immune cells. Also, the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of APS should not be ignored.Figure 1.Comparison of lymphocyte absolute values and CD4+ T cell subsets in PAPS group, SAPS group and healthy control group.Figure 2.The correlation analysis between the value of Th17/Treg and the titer of aCL and aβ2GPI in PAPS group and SAPS group, respectively.Figure 3.Heatmap of correlation of the serum cytokine levels of a variety of cytokines with clinical and laboratory characteristics of APS patients.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared

In this study nutrient content and In vitro digestibility of Mistletoe were determined in order to find out its potential to be used in the diets of ruminants. Mistletoe was collected by pruning shears during fruiting period from apricot (Purunus genus) and almond (Amygdalus communis L.) trees around the Bor road in Niğde. Four samples were taken for each tree species and later samples were divided in to four sub samples as whole plant, stalks, leaves and fruits to evaluate feed value. For the assessment of the feed value by In vitro gas production technique, rumen liquor and content was taken from a slaughter house nearby the laboratory. Mistletoe was incubated in 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Crude protein, crude fat, ADF and NDF content of different parts of Mistletoe plant (whole plant, stalks, leaves and fruits) collected from apricot tree were in the ranges of 90.25 and 120.82, 80.05 and 100.13, 190.29 and 330.17, 280.85 and 500.86 g kg- 1 DM, respectively while those of Mistletoe plant collected from almond trees were 100.37and 140.67, 80.42 and 100.35, 200.45 and 360.87, 340.29 and 530.10 g kg- 1 DM respectively. In vitro organic matter digestibility (DOM), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy lactation (NEL) values of Mistletoe collected from apricot trees were ranged between 0.60 and 0.74, 9.0 and 11.17 ME kg- 1 DM and 6.08 and 7.71 NEL kg-1 DM, respectively while those of Mistletoe collected from almond trees were ranged between 0.63 and 0.76, 9.40 and 11.26 ME kg- 1 DM and 6.39 and 7.98 NEL kg- 1 DM, respectively. There were statistically differences in the DOM, ME and NEL values of different parts of the Mistletoe. In general, the mistletoe was moderate in protein and in fibre, and high in crude fat content compared with forages and very good in ME and NEL content. In conclusion, unless its harmful effects on health and performance are shown in feeding trials, mistletoe has good potential as a feed ingredient in the diets of ruminants.

La thèse s’intéresse au lien étroit qu’établit la théorie économique standard entre les concepts d’efficacité et de concurrence. Les deux notions y sont systématiquement pensées et utilisées conjointement. Au cours du 20ème siècle le lien entre efficacité et concurrence a d’abord pris la forme spécifique d’un énoncé qui affirme l’efficacité de la concurrence, avant de se transformer en véritable identité des deux notions d’efficacité et de concurrence. Après avoir été construite par glissements, déplacements, approximations, et changements terminologiques successifs, cette identification de l’efficacité à la concurrence apparait plutôt comme une doctrine que comme un résultat. Cet aspect doctrinal est le résultat d’un processus de co-construction dans lequel sont engagés la théorie néoclassique et le néolibéralisme, qui sont appréhendés comme deux discours qui s’établissent sur des registres différents, mais compatibles. Les interactions entre théorie néoclassique et néolibéralisme aboutissent à la définition d’une économie standard qui se présente comme une synthèse de ces deux approches. La démonstration est opérée par le biais d’une histoire du critère de Pareto depuis 1894 jusqu’à la période contemporaine. Ce critère, initialement introduit comme « maximum d’ophélimité pour la collectivité » a subi plusieurs transformations sémantiques, épistémologiques et théoriques avant de s’imposer comme critère d’efficacité. Indexé depuis ses origines sur le modèle de l’équilibre général concurrentiel, il est intrinsèquement lié au fonctionnement concurrentiel des marchés. Celui-ci peut cependant être défini et opérationnalisé de manières différentes, et l’indétermination théorique de la notion de concurrence contribue à rendre incertaines la signification et la portée de l’énoncé d’efficacité de la concurrence
Efficiency and competition are systematically connected in mainstream economics. During the 20th century, this connection has evolved from the assertion of the efficiency of competitive markets to the belief that efficiency is the competitive design in itself. This identification results from various changes of perspectives, approximations, and semantic changes in the various streams of mainstream economics, thus contributing to the doctrinal aspect of the identification of efficiency to competition. This doctrinal characteristic is the result of a co-construction by neoclassical economics and neoliberalism. These theories are apprehended as two specific approaches, different but compatible. Interactions between neoclassical economics and neoliberalism lead to the definition of mainstream economics as a synthesis of these two approaches. The demonstration is based on a history of the Pareto criterion, from 1894 to contemporary economics. The criterion, initially named « maximum of ophelimity for the community » has undergone several theoretical, epistemological and semantic transformations, before becoming widely used as an efficiency criterion. Elaborated upon the properties of the competitive general equilibrium, it is intrinsically linked to the competitive design. But competition can be described and operated in many different ways, and the theoretical indetermination of the economic concept of competition conveys a strong uncertainty regarding the scope and meaning of the assertion of competition’s efficiency