Literatura académica sobre el tema "2D electrophoresis display"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "2D electrophoresis display"
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Spandidos, Athanasia y Terence H. Rabbitts. "Sub-proteome Differential Display: Single Gel Comparison by 2D Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry". Journal of Molecular Biology 318, n.º 1 (abril de 2002): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00052-9.
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Michieletto, Davide, Davide Marenduzzo y Enzo Orlandini. "Topological patterns in two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of DNA knots". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, n.º 40 (8 de septiembre de 2015): E5471—E5477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1506907112.
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Gel electrophoresis is a powerful experimental method to probe the topology of DNA and other biopolymers. Although there is a large body of experimental work that allows us to accurately separate different topoisomers of a molecule, a full theoretical understanding of these experiments has not yet been achieved. Here we show that the mobility of DNA knots depends crucially and subtly on the physical properties of the gel and, in particular, on the presence of dangling ends. The topological interactions between these and DNA molecules can be described in terms of an “entanglement number” and yield a nonmonotonic mobility at moderate fields. Consequently, in 2D electrophoresis, gel bands display a characteristic arc pattern; this turns into a straight line when the density of dangling ends vanishes. We also provide a novel framework to accurately predict the shape of such arcs as a function of molecule length and topological complexity, which may be used to inform future experiments.
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Rezaei, Ali, Saeme Asgari, Samira Komijani, Seyedeh Narjes Sadat, Jean-Marc Sabatier, Davood Nasrabadi, Kamran Pooshang Bagheri et al. "Discovery of Leptulipin, a New Anticancer Protein from theIranian Scorpion, Hemiscorpius lepturus". Molecules 27, n.º 7 (22 de marzo de 2022): 2056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072056.
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Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. Unfortunately, the present anticancer chemotherapeutics display high cytotoxicity. Accordingly, the discovery of new anticancer agents with lower side effects is highly necessitated. This study aimed to discover an anticancer compound from Hemiscorpius lepturus scorpion venom. Bioactivity-guided chromatography was performed to isolate an active compound against colon and breast cancer cell lines. 2D electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF were performed to identify the molecule. A partial protein sequence was obtained by mass spectrometry, while the full-length was deciphered using a cDNA library of the venom gland by bioinformatics analyses and was designated as leptulipin. The gene was cloned in pET-26b, expressed, and purified. The anticancer effect and mechanism action of leptulipin were evaluated by MTT, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays, as well as by gene expression analysis of apoptosis-related genes. The treated cells displayed inhibition of cell proliferation, altered morphology, DNA fragmentation, and cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, the treated cells showed a decrease in BCL-2 expression and an increase in Bax and Caspase 9 genes. In this study, we discovered a new anticancer protein from H. lepturus scorpion venom. Leptulipin showed significant anticancer activity against breast and colon cancer cell lines.
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Carra, G. y R. S. Accolla. "Structural analysis of human Ia antigens reveals the existence of a fourth molecular subset distinct from DP, DQ, and DR molecules." Journal of Experimental Medicine 165, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1987): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.165.1.47.
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Structural analysis by two-dimensional peptide maps (2D-PM) of the human Ia molecular pool expressed on the cell surface of two distinct lymphoblastoid cell line, LG-2 and Raji, revealed the existence of a novel MHC class II molecular heterodimer that differs at the level of both alpha and beta subunits from the previously described DP, DQ, and DR antigens. These differences were also seen at the level of two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) of biosynthetically labeled intact molecules, although to a lesser extent, due to the intrinsic limitations of this technique in resolving fine structural differences. We have designated this new class II antigen as the fourth Ia subset. The fourth Ia subset seems to represent a small proportion of the human Ia pool. Comparative analysis by 2D-PM of the two cell lines showed the presence of structural variations in the alpha chains of the fourth Ia subset, suggesting the existence of polymorphism for these subunits. Cell surface iodination did not show appreciable labeling of the fourth subset beta chain in LG-2 cells, and this prevented analysis of the structural polymorphism of this subunit. Furthermore, for the first time, we have shown that DP alpha chains display distinct peptide maps in LG-2 and Raji cells, thus suggesting the presence of structural polymorphism for these Ia subunits also. The DQ1 alpha and beta allelic products present in LG-2 cells (DQ homozygous) did not show appreciable structural variation when compared with the homologous allelic products present in Raji cells (DQ heterozygous). Finally, we have confirmed the absence of polymorphism for the DR alpha subunits. By 2D-PM, relatively low structural variation was instead found for the highly polymorphic DR beta subunits expressed in the two cell lines, suggesting that cell surface iodination preferentially labels constant domains of DR beta chains.
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Müller, Virginia, Gustavo Bonacci, Carlos Batthyany, María V. Amé, Fernando Carrari, Jorge Gieco y Ramón Asis. "Peanut Seed Cultivars with Contrasting Resistance to Aspergillus parasiticus Colonization Display Differential Temporal Response of Protease Inhibitors". Phytopathology® 107, n.º 4 (abril de 2017): 474–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-09-16-0346-r.
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Significant efforts are being made to minimize aflatoxin contamination in peanut seeds and one possible strategy is to understand and exploit the mechanisms of plant defense against fungal infection. In this study we have identified and characterized, at biochemical and molecular levels, plant protease inhibitors (PPIs) produced in peanut seeds of the resistant PI 337394 and the susceptible Forman cultivar during Aspergillus parasiticus colonization. With chromatographic methods and 2D-electrophoresis-mass spectrometry we have isolated and identified four variants of Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor (BBTI) and a novel Kunitz-type protease inhibitor (KPI) produced in response to A. parasiticus colonization. KPI was detected only in the resistant cultivar, while BBTI was produced in the resistant cultivar in a higher concentration than susceptible cultivar and with different isoforms. The kinetic expression of KPI and BBTI genes along with trypsin inhibitory activity was analyzed in both cultivars during infection. In the susceptible cultivar an early PPI activity response was associated with BBTI occurrence. Meanwhile, in the resistant cultivar a later response with a larger increase in PPI activity was associated with BBTI and KPI occurrence. The biological significance of PPI in seed defense against fungal infection was analyzed and linked to inhibitory properties on enzymes released by the fungus during infection, and to the antifungal effect of KPI.
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Li, Shenjie, Wei Xiang, Junjie Tian, Haorun Wang, Shuiwang Hu, Ke Wang, Ligang Chen, Changren Huang y Jie Zhou. "Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentially Affect Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion: A 2D-DIGE Proteomic Analysis". BioMed Research International 2021 (11 de febrero de 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4952876.
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Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) display high tumor tropism and cause indirect effects through the cytokines they secrete. However, the effects of BM-MSCs on the biological behaviors of glioblastoma multiforme remain unclear. In this study, the conditioned medium from BM-MSCs significantly inhibited the proliferation of C6 cells ( P < 0.05 ) but promoted their migration and invasion ( P < 0.05 ). Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) proteomic analysis revealed 17 proteins differentially expressed in C6 cells exposed to the BM-MSC-conditioned medium including five upregulated proteins and 12 downregulated proteins. Among these, six differentially expressed proteins (Calr, Set, Oat, Npm1, Ddah1, and Tardbp) were closely related to cell proliferation and differentiation, and nine proteins (Pdia6, Sphk1, Anxa4, Vim, Tuba1c, Actr1b, Actn4, Rap2c, and Tpm2) were associated with motility and the cytoskeleton, which may modulate the invasion and migration of tumor cells. Above all, by identifying the differentially expressed proteins using proteomics and bioinformatics analysis, BM-MSCs could be genetically modified to specifically express tumor-suppressive factors when BM-MSCs are to be used as tumor-selective targeting carriers in the future.
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Raffenne, Jérôme, Fernando A. Martin, Rémy Nicolle, Marina Konta, Yuna Blum, Jérôme Torrisani, Francesco Puleo et al. "Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Arising in Young and Old Patients Displays Similar Molecular Features". Cancers 13, n.º 6 (11 de marzo de 2021): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13061234.
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Pancreatic ducal adenocarcinoma is classically diagnosed in the 7th decade, but approximately 10% of patients are diagnosed under 55 years (y.o.). While the genomic and transcriptomic landscapes of late-onset tumors (LOT) have been described, little is known about early-onset tumors (EOT). Ageing is known to impact DNA methylation and proteome integrity through carbonylation-related oxidative damages. We therefore aimed to assess the global molecular features of EOT. We compared 176 EOT (≤55 y.o.) and 316 LOT (≥70 y.o.) from three distinct surgical cohorts at the clinical/genomic/epigenomic/transcriptomic level. Furthermore, we assessed oxidative stress responses and oxidative proteome damages using 2D gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry protein identification. There was no consistent clinical difference between EOT and LOT across the three cohorts. The mutational landscape of key driver genes and the global methylation profile were similar in the two groups. LOT did display age-related features such as enriched DNA repair gene signatures and upregulation of oxidative stress defenses together with increased proteome carbonylation. However, these age-related differences were more preeminent in non-tumor tissues while tumor proteome and proteome damages were fairly comparable. In conclusion, this multi-omics comparison showed that EOT harbor a comparable molecular profile to that of LOT.
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Burkova, Evgeniya E., Alina E. Grigor’eva, Dmitrii V. Bulgakov, Pavel S. Dmitrenok, Valentin V. Vlassov, Elena I. Ryabchikova, Sergey E. Sedykh y Georgy A. Nevinsky. "Extra Purified Exosomes from Human Placenta Contain an Unpredictable Small Number of Different Major Proteins". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, n.º 10 (16 de mayo de 2019): 2434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102434.
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Exosomes are nanovesicles (30–100 nm) containing various RNAs and different proteins. Exosomes are important in intracellular communication, immune function, etc. Exosomes from different sources including placenta were mainly obtained by different types of centrifugation and ultracentrifugations and were reported to contain from a few dozen to thousands of different proteins. First crude exosome preparations from four placentas (normal pregnancy) were obtained here using several standard centrifugations but then were additionally purified by gel filtration on Sepharose 4B. Individual preparations demonstrated different gel filtration profiles showing good or bad separation of exosome peaks from two peaks of impurity proteins and their complexes. According to electron microscopy, exosomes before gel filtration contain vesicles of different size, ring-shaped structures forming by ferritin and clusters of aggregated proteins and their complexes. After filtration through 220 nm filters and gel filtration exosomes display typically for exosome morphology and size (30–100 nm) and do not contain visible protein admixtures. Identification of exosome proteins was carried out by MS and MS/MS MALDI mass spectrometry of proteins’ tryptic hydrolyzates after their SDS-PAGE and 2D electrophoresis. We have obtained unexpected results. Good, purified exosomes contained only 11–13 different proteins: CD9, CD81, CD-63, hemoglobin subunits, interleukin-1 receptor, annexin A1, annexin A2, annexin A5, cytoplasmic actin, alkaline phosphatase, serotransferin, and probably human serum albumin and immunoglobulins. We assume that a possible number of exosome proteins found previously using crude preparations may be very much overestimated. Our data may be important for study of biological functions of pure exosomes.
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Ni, Tie-Hua, William F. McDonald, Irene Zolotukhin, Thomas Melendy, Shou Waga, Bruce Stillman y Nicholas Muzyczka. "Cellular Proteins Required for Adeno-Associated Virus DNA Replication in the Absence of Adenovirus Coinfection". Journal of Virology 72, n.º 4 (1 de abril de 1998): 2777–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.4.2777-2787.1998.
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ABSTRACT We previously reported the development of an in vitro adeno-associated virus (AAV) DNA replication system. The system required one of the p5 Rep proteins encoded by AAV (either Rep78 or Rep68) and a crude adenovirus (Ad)-infected HeLa cell cytoplasmic extract to catalyze origin of replication-dependent AAV DNA replication. However, in addition to fully permissive DNA replication, which occurs in the presence of Ad, AAV is also capable of partially permissive DNA replication in the absence of the helper virus in cells that have been treated with genotoxic agents. Limited DNA replication also occurs in the absence of Ad during the process of establishing a latent infection. In an attempt to isolate uninfected extracts that would support AAV DNA replication, we discovered that HeLa cell extracts grown to high density can occasionally display as much in vitro replication activity as Ad-infected extracts. This finding confirmed previous genetic analyses which suggested that no Ad-encoded proteins were absolutely essential for AAV DNA replication and that the uninfected extracts should be useful for studying the differences between helper-dependent and helper-independent AAV DNA replication. Using specific chemical inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, as well as the fractionation of uninfected HeLa extracts, we identified several of the cellular enzymes involved in AAV DNA replication. They were the single-stranded DNA binding protein, replication protein A (RFA), the 3′ primer binding complex, replication factor C (RFC), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Consistent with the current model for AAV DNA replication, which requires only leading-strand DNA synthesis, we found no requirement for DNA polymerase α-primase. AAV DNA replication could be reconstituted with purified Rep78, RPA, RFC, and PCNA and a phosphocellulose chromatography fraction (IIA) that contained DNA polymerase activity. As both RFC and PCNA are known to be accessory proteins for polymerase δ and ɛ, we attempted to reconstitute AAV DNA replication by substituting either purified polymerase δ or polymerase ɛ for fraction IIA. These attempts were unsuccessful and suggested that some novel cellular protein or modification was required for AAV DNA replication that had not been previously identified. Finally, we also further characterized the in vitro DNA replication assay and demonstrated by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis that all of the intermediates commonly seen in vivo are generated in the in vitro system. The only difference was an accumulation of single-stranded DNA in vivo that was not seen in vitro. The 2D data also suggested that although both Rep78 and Rep68 can generate dimeric intermediates in vitro, Rep68 is more efficient in processing dimers to monomer duplex DNA. Regardless of the Rep that was used in vitro, we found evidence of an interaction between the elongation complex and the terminal repeats. Nicking at the terminal repeats of a replicating molecule appeared to be inhibited until after elongation was complete.
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Smith, Marjorie A., Satbinder K. Bains, Joanna C. Betts, Ernest H. S. Choy y Edward D. Zanders. "Use of Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis To Measure Changes in Synovial Fluid Proteins from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Antibody to CD4". Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 8, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2001): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.8.1.105-111.2001.
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ABSTRACT Synovial fluid proteins from microliter volumes of synovial fluid were resolved by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and detected by silver staining to investigate the feasibility of using two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis in the clinical research setting and provide global disease information of disease progression. Several hundred proteins could be resolved as spots, many of which displayed the characteristic pattern of plasma-derived glycoproteins. The lowest level of detection was approximately 0.2 ng from a total of 50 μg of protein loaded. Most of the proteins could be identified on the basis of pI and molecular weight when compared with plasma protein maps on the World Wide Web. Unknown proteins were characterized by mass spectrometry of tryptic digests and by comparison with peptide databases. Synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis were analyzed using this technique. Each subject received a fixed dose of antibody to CD4 as part of a phase II clinical trial to determine the efficacy of this immunosuppressive treatment in modifying disease activity. Synovial fluid was removed at day 0, followed by administration of antibody. Subsequent removal of synovial fluid and additional administration of antibody were carried out at different times thereafter. Changes in levels of acute-phase proteins were quantified by densitometry of silver-stained 2D polyacrylamide gels. Other parameters of disease progression such as serum C-reactive protein and physician's global assessment of clinical condition were used for comparison. In this way, changes in acute-phase proteins towards normal levels, as measured by 2D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, could be correlated with clinical improvement and conventional clinical chemistry measurements. Thus, the system can be used for quantitative analysis of protein expression in sites of autoimmune disease activity such as the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Tesis sobre el tema "2D electrophoresis display"
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Florescu, Ana-Maria. "Modélisation de l'ADN et des interactions ADN-protéine". Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENY054.
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La première partie de ma thèse porte sur la modélisation de la dénaturation de l'ADN. J'ai tout d'abord utilisé le modèle statistique de Poland-Scheraga pour montrer que, lors de l'électrophorèse 2D, on peut prédire les positions finales des fragments avec une précision meilleure que l'incertitude expérimentale. J'ai ensuite amélioré un modèle dynamique développé dans l'équipe en variant ses paramètres pour obtenir un meilleur accord avec des résultats expérimentaux nouveaux, tels la dénaturation mécanique, l'évolution de la température critique avec la longueur de la séquence, et la résolution en température. Dans la seconde partie de ce travail, je propose un modèle qui décrit les interactions non-spécifiques entre l'ADN et les protéines. Ce modèle est basé sur une description "billes et ressorts" déjà existante de l'ADN, qui inclut des interactions d'élongation, de pliage et électrostatiques, alors que je décris les interactions entre l'ADN et la protéine par des énergies électrostatiques et de volume exclu. Pour la protéine, j'ai tout d'abord considéré une simple bille, puis un réseau de treize billes interconnectées. J'ai étudié la dynamique de ce modèle en utilisant un algorithme de dynamique brownienne qui tient compte des interactions hydrodynamiques et montré qu'il donne des résultats en bon accord avec les expériences. J'ai par exemple observé que la protéine visite bien les différents sites de l'ADN par une succession de diffusion 3D et de glissement 1D le long de l'ADN. J'ai également montré que ce processus, appelé facilitated diffusion, ne peut pas accélérer beaucoup la vitesse de recherche de la protéine, contrairement à ce qui est parfois soutenuThe first part of my thesis deals with the modelling of DNA denaturation. I first used a statistical model (Poland-Scheraga) to show that one can predict the final positions of the fragments during 2D electrophoresis assays with a precision greater than experimental uncertainties. Then, I improved a dynamical model developed in our group by showing how its parameters can be varied to get predictions in better agreement with experimental results that were not addressed until now, like mechanical unzipping, the evolution of the critical temperature with sequence length, and temperature resolution. In the second part of my thesis I present a dynamical model for non-specific DNA-protein interactions. This model is based on a previously developed “bead-spring” model for DNA with elastic, bending and electrostatic interactions, while I chose to model protein-DNA interactions through electrostatic and excluded-volume forces. For the protein, I used two simple coarse-grained models: I first described the protein as a single bead and then improved this description by using a set of thirteen interconnected beads. I studied the properties of this model using a Brownian dynamics algorithm that takes hydrodynamic interactions into account, and obtained results that essentially agree with experiments. For example, I showed that the protein samples DNA by a combination of 3D diffusion in the buffer and 1D sliding along the DNA chain. I have also showed that this process, which is known as facilitated diffusion, cannot accelerate DNA sampling by proteins as much as it is sometimes believed to do
Informes sobre el tema "2D electrophoresis display"
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Eyal, Yoram y Sheila McCormick. Molecular Mechanisms of Pollen-Pistil Interactions in Interspecific Crossing Barriers in the Tomato Family. United States Department of Agriculture, mayo de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573076.bard.
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During the evolutionary process of speciation in plants, naturally occurring barriers to reproduction have developed that affect the transfer of genes within and between related species. These barriers can occur at several different levels beginning with pollination-barriers and ending with hybrid-breakdown. The interaction between pollen and pistils presents one of the major barriers to intra- and inter-specific crosses and is the focus of this research project. Our long-term goal in this research proposal was defined to resolve questions on recognition and communication during pollen-pistil interactions in the extended tomato family. In this context, this work was initiated and planned to study the potential involvement of tomato pollen-specific receptor-like kinases (RLK's) in the interaction between pollen and pistils. By special permission from BARD the objectives of this research were extended to include studies on pollen-pistil interactions and pollination barriers in horticultural crops with an emphasis on citrus. Functional characterization of 2 pollen-specific RLK's from tomato was carried out. The data shows that both encode functional kinases that were active as recombinant proteins. One of the kinases was shown to accumulate mainly after pollen germination and to be phosphorylated in-vitro in pollen membranes as well as in-vivo. The presence of style extract resulted in dephosphorylation of the RLK, although no species specificity was observed. This data implies a role for at least one RLK in pollination events following pollen germination. However, a transgenic plant analysis of the RLK's comprising overexpression, dominant-negative and anti-sense constructs failed to provide answers on their role in pollination. While genetic effects on some of the plants were observed in both the Israeli and American labs, no clear functional answers were obtained. An alternative approach to addressing function was pursued by screening for an artificial ligand for the receptor domain using a peptide phage display library. An enriched peptide sequence was obtained and will be used to design a peptide-ligand to be tested for its effect o pollen germination and tube growth. Self-incompatibility (SI) in citrus was studied on 3 varieties of pummelo. SI was observed using fluorescence microscopy in each of the 3 varieties and compatibility relations between varieties was determined. An initial screen for an S-RNase SI mechanism yielded only a cDNA homologous to the group of S-like RNases, suggesting that SI results from an as yet unknown mechanism. 2D gel electrophoresis was applied to compare pollen and style profiles of different compatibility groups. A "polymorphic" protein band from style extracts was observed, isolated and micro-sequenced. Degenerate primers designed based on the peptide sequence date will be used to isolate the relevant genes i order to study their potential involvement in SI. A study on SI in the apple cultivar Top red was initiated. SI was found, as previously shown, to be complete thus requiring a compatible pollinator variety. A new S-RNase allele was discovered fro Top red styles and was found to be highly homologous to pear S-RNases, suggesting that evolution of these genes pre-dated speciation into apples and pears but not to other Rosaceae species. The new allele provides molecular-genetic tools to determine potential pollinators for the variety Top red as well as a tool to break-down SI in this important variety.