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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "20th century american history"

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Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 26 de julio de 2024

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1

Corwin, Jay. "History, Mythology, and 20th Century Latin American Fiction". Theory in Action 14, n.º 4 (31 de octubre de 2021): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2126.

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The history of the Americas from the colonial period is marked by a large influx of persons from Europe and Africa. Fiction in 20th Century Latin America is marked by ties to the Chronicles and the history of human melding in the Americas, with a natural flow of social and religious syncretism that shapes the unique literary aesthetics of its literatures as may be witnessed in representative authors of genuine merit from different regions of Latin America.

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2

Falk, Julia S. "Turn to the history of linguistics". Historiographia Linguistica 30, n.º 1-2 (16 de septiembre de 2003): 129–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.30.1.05fal.

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Summary In the 1940s and 1950s, the leading proponents of American synchronic linguistics showed little interest in the history of linguistics. Some attention to historiography occurred in subfields of linguistics closest to the humanities – linguistic anthropology, historical linguistics, modern European languages – but the ‘science of language’ developed by Leonard Bloomfield and his descriptivist followers demanded autonomy from other disciplines and from the past. Increasing American contact with European linguistics during the 1950s culminated in the 1962 Ninth International Congress of Linguists in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Here Noam Chomsky presented a plenary session paper that appeared in print in four versions between 1962 and 1964, each version incorporating an increasing amount of discussion of the early 20th-century precursors to the descriptivists and a number of 17th- and 19th-century studies of language and mind. Charles Hockett responded by organizing his 1964 presidential address to the Linguistic Society of America as a history of linguistics, emphasizing periods, figures, and ideas not included in Chomsky’s work. Historiographers of the time recognized a surge of American interest in the history of linguistics beginning in the early 1960s and most attributed it largely to Chomsky’s work. Historiographic publication increased significantly among the descriptivists; at the same time it emerged among the generativists, most of whom followed Chomsky in exploring pre-20th-century philosophical ideas or reconsidering concepts and practices of the descriptivists’ forerunners. The resulting visibility and impetus to the history of linguistics contributed to the foundation upon which linguistic historiography matured in North America in the later decades of the 20th century.

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3

Blake, Casey N. y Michael Kammen. "American Culture, American Tastes: Social Change and the 20th Century". Journal of American History 87, n.º 4 (marzo de 2001): 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2674740.

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4

Mascareño, Dr Aldo. "The Limits of Functional Differentiation under Populist Rule in Latin America". Soziale Systeme 23, n.º 1-2 (1 de junio de 2018): 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sosys-2018-0004.

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Abstract Populism has been one of the most outstanding features of Latin American politics throughout the 20th century. By controlling political and economic operations and appealing to the semantic construction of pueblo (the people), populism has succeeded in shaping a regional variant of functional differentiation. This process is analyzed along three phases of Latin American history, the pre-populist age of caudillos, the classic populism in the 20th century, and the neo-populist period in the 21st century. The article concludes with a reflection on the consequences of populism for the institutional framework in Latin America.

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5

Ivanov, Nikolai. "The Monroe Doctrine and Anglo-American Rivalry in Latin America, 19th – early 20th centuries". Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, n.º 5 (2023): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640028070-5.

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In the article, the author analyses the issues related to the US adoption of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823 in the context of Anglo-American confrontation and rivalry in Latin America. The author examines the relations between the USA and Great Britain during the Spanish American wars of independence, the main aspects of the policy of “neutrality”, the actual support of Latin American patriots in their struggle against the Spanish metropole. Despite the common interest in preventing European competitors from entering South America, the Americans did not sign a joint document with the British, despite repeated proposals from London. The Doctrine was put into effect under conditions unfavourable to the US, characterised by Britain's unchallenged world domination in military and economic power. However, by the end of the nineteenth century, the situation changed dramatically in favour of the USA. The author analyses the content of the Doctrine (“America for the Americans”), its adjustment in the course of the rivalry between the USA and Great Britain in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and the concessions made by the UK in its rivalry with its strategic competitor. In all events related to the Anglo-American rivalry in Latin America, the Monroe Doctrine was the “starting point’ for the actions and statements of American politicians, and it is not by chance that President Woodrow Wilson stated at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference that the doctrine should be extended to the whole world.

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6

Barke, M., R. Fribush y P. N. Stearns. "Nervous Breakdown in 20th-Century American Culture". Journal of Social History 33, n.º 3 (1 de marzo de 2000): 565–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jsh.2000.0001.

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7

De Santis, Marcelo Domingos. "A bibliographic review of the history of Dexiinae (Diptera, Tachinidae) taxonomy in the Neotropical Region with bibliographic notes on Dominik Bilimek and Fritz Plaumann". Arquivos de Zoologia 53, n.º 4 (1 de diciembre de 2022): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/2176-7793/2022.53.04.

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The knowledge of Dexiinae and Tachinidae diversity in the Neotropical Region, in contrast to other regions, e.g., the Palaearctic Region, is in a poor condition. The history of these taxa has gradually increased since the 18th Century from the works of European and North American authors such as Johan C. Fabricius, Christian R.W. Wiedemann, Jean B. Robineau-Desvoidy, Pierre J.-M. Macquart, Jacques M.F. Bigot, Francis Walker, Victor von Röeder, Ermanno Giglio-Tos, Friedrich M. Brauer and Julius E. Bergenstamm, Frederik M. van der Wulp, Charles H. Curran, John M. Aldrich, Charles H.T. Townsend, Henry J. Reinhard and William R. Thompson. It was only in the first half of the 20th Century that scientists born or established in South America began to enter tachinidology. Dipterists like Jean Brèthes and Everardo E. Blanchard from Argentina, Rául E. Cortés Peña from Chile and José H. Guimarães from Brazil, are the most memorable names for, not only to Neotropical Dexiinae, but, indeed for the whole family. Herein, a brief chronological review of tachinidology, with emphasis on Dexiinae and based on a literature review, is given. The history is divided into four periods: the pre-Linnaean period of the 16th and 17th Centuries, the 18th Century, the 19th Century and the first half of the 20th Century. After the first half of 20th Century, the emphasis is focused on European and North American dipterists with an overview of their contributions on Dexiinae taxonomy. Later, with presence of the South American dipterists, the emphasis is directed to them. Then a few notes are given on the Czech Dominik Bilimek, a poorly known collector from the 19th Century and Fritz Plaumann, a well-known German immigrant who collected in Brazil during the earlier 20th Century. Finally, some notes and perspectives about the 21st Century dexiinidology from the Neotropics is briefly discussed.

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8

Khrenov, Nikolai A. "Civilizations in competition for leadership in history: America as a type of civilization in the 20th century (a cultural aspect)". Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin 2, n.º 25 (2021): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2499-9679-2021-2-25-187-199.

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The article is a fragment of a bigger work on the relationships of three civilizations – America, China and Russia – at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries, based on the principle of the «Other». It focuses on the formation of America as aspecial type of civilization in the pace of the past century. It is recorded that in the twentieth century America ceased to be a mere part of the Old World and became an independent type of civilization, and, beginning with Hiroshima, claimed the status of a civilization-leader in geopolitics. The aim of this article is to give an answer to the cultural and philosophical question of where America stands during the early decades of the 20th century from a civilizational perspective. The author proposes a new methodological and conceptual way of reflection connected with shifting from the ideas of O. Spengler, who did not include America in the list of independent civilizations, and extrapolating E. Gibbon's conclusion with regard to the Roman civilization (which America is often compared with) that its fall began at the peak of its development. On the basis of representative empirical material of American cinema (F. F. Coppola's Apocalypse Now, A. Penn's Little Big Man) the author identifies and analyzes the intentions of American culture, showing its transition to the next stage of its history with such signs as the dramatic ideological confrontation between the images of the «empire of trust» and the «empire of evil», the degradation of personality and society affected by the imperial complex, the awareness of the apocalyptic genocide of the ancient Indian civilization. The study provides convincing evidence that contemporary American cinema is becoming a powerful means of both diagnosing the situation of America as it is today and de-mythologizing American «heroic» history. Thus, cinema brings Americans back from their own virtual history-simulacrum to reality, opening up the possibility of a deeper understanding of America both as a civilization type and as a specific collective identity of Americans. Understanding no longer from the point of view of its ruling elite, but simply of a human being. This fact gives hope for establishing deeper human relationships between America and other civilizations which it views as the «Others».

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9

Núñez Valdés, Juan, Fernando de Pablos Pons y Antonio Ramos Carrillo. "Pioneering Black African American Women Chemists and Pharmacists". Foundations 2, n.º 3 (2 de agosto de 2022): 624–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foundations2030043.

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10

Alm, Martin. "American-European Relations in U. S. World History Textbooks, 1921-2001". American Studies in Scandinavia 44, n.º 2 (1 de septiembre de 2012): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v44i2.4918.

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This article studies U.S. views of the historical relationship between the U.S. and Europe as conceived during the 20th century. This is examined through U.S. World history text books dating from 1921 to 2001. The textbooks view relations within a general teleological narrative of progress through democracy and technology. Generally, the textbooks stress the significan ce of the English heritage to American society. From the American Revolution onwards, however, the U.S. stands as an example to Europe. Beginning with the two world wars, it also intervenes directly in Europe in order to save democracy. In the Cold War, the U.S. finally acknowledges the lea ding role it has been assigned in the world. Through its democratic ideals, the U.S. historically has a spe cial relationship with Great Britain and, by the 20th century, Western Europe in general. An American identity is established both in conjunction with Western Europe, by emphasizing their common democratic tradition, and in opposition to it, by stressing how the Americans have developed this tradition better than the Europeans, creating a more egalitarian and libertarian society. There is a need for Europe to become more like the U.S., and a Europe that does not follow the American lead is viewed with suspicion.

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11

Fleisher, Mark S. "Historical Roots of Chicago’s Contemporary Violence: An Interpretation of Chicago’s Early Sociologists’ Texts on Black Assimilation". Journal of Black Studies 50, n.º 8 (noviembre de 2019): 767–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021934719883358.

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Early 20th-century Chicago witnessed an in-migration of foreign-born immigrants and Black American migrants fleeing slavery. As the Black Americans’ population increased and dispersed across urban neighborhoods, Whites’ anti-Black aggression and violence intensified. This article outlines the mechanisms that account for this discord through an examination of sociological texts. We propose that, first, contemporary racial discord has diachronic origins; second, 21st-century synchronic analysis of racial discord, absent of historical insight, cannot adequately account for a century of racial violence by attributing it to poverty and employment going overseas; and, third, a century of racism cannot be mitigated by replacing personnel in administrative agencies, retraining law enforcement personnel, and tightening police oversight. Mitigation of systemic law enforcement violence toward Black Americans must first recognize the contemporary effects of the history of law enforcement agencies’ institutionalized racism documented by sociologists a century ago. A synchronic account of the origin of that racism lays deeply buried in the intellectual history of early 20th-century social science when decades of social researchers misinterpreted the influence of culture and biology on racial behavior.

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12

Panov, S. I. y O. Y. Panova. "Materials of 20th-century American writers in Moscow archives 1917–1941". Voprosy literatury, n.º 2 (6 de mayo de 2022): 165–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2022-2-165-197.

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This analytical overview of materials located in Moscow archives is devoted to the history of American literature and the Soviet-American literary connections in the years before World War II (1917–1941). These materials document American writers’ contacts with Soviet and international communist organisations, personally with Joseph Stalin, with cultural and literary institutions. The USSR closely monitored the sentiment among American writers, as evidenced by the corpus of correspondence between Soviet literary functionaries and their informants in the USA. Archives of Soviet publishers offer insights into the process of translating and editing American literature as well as creation of theatrical and film adaptations. Readers’ letters from the 1930s demonstrate the mass audience’s enthusiasm for American literature.

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13

Piatakov, A. N. "The relations between Turkey and Mexico: a comparative analysis, history and modernity". Cuadernos Iberoamericanos 8, n.º 1 (23 de agosto de 2020): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2020-8-1-97-107.

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The author analyzes the history of formation and current state of Turkey-Mexico political and economic relations in the context of Ankara intercontinental relations with the Latin American region. Comparative analysis of the two powers in their geo-economic ‘weight’, international activity, and other aspects is carried out. Evaluation of historical aspect of bilateral relations is specially emphasized. For the first time in Russian Latin American studies the evolution of Turkey-Mexico diplomatic relations in the 20th century is studied in their phases, including political contacts dynamics at the turn of the 20th and 21st century. The author also analyzes current state of countries’ trade and economic relations, as well as their interaction at the international arena.

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14

Lombardo, Giovanni Pietro y Renato Foschi. "The concept of personality in 19th-century French and 20th-century American psychology." History of Psychology 6, n.º 2 (2003): 123–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1093-4510.6.2.123.

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15

de Sousa Santos, Boaventura. "Nuestra America". Theory, Culture & Society 18, n.º 2-3 (junio de 2001): 185–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02632760122051706.

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According to Hegel, universal history goes from the East to the West. This idea underlies the dominant conception of the 20th century as the European American Century. In this article, I submit that there has been another, subaltern 20th century, the Nuestra AmericaAmerican Century. The European American Century carries into the new millennium its empirical arrogance in the form of neoliberal globalization; the Nuestra AmericaAmerican Century, to be reinvented, bears the seeds of counter-hegemonic globalization. Counter-hegemonic globalization is understood as a set of transnational alliances and struggles focused on the dynamic equilibrium between the principle of equality and the principle of difference. The article identifies five main themes in which the clash between the two alternative globalizations will occur in the next decades.

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16

Chireau, Yvonne. "Looking for Black Religions in 20th Century Comics, 1931–1993". Religions 10, n.º 6 (25 de junio de 2019): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10060400.

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Relationships between religion and comics are generally unexplored in the academic literature. This article provides a brief history of Black religions in comic books, cartoons, animation, and newspaper strips, looking at African American Christianity, Islam, Africana (African diaspora) religions, and folk traditions such as Hoodoo and Conjure in the 20th century. Even though the treatment of Black religions in the comics was informed by stereotypical depictions of race and religion in United States (US) popular culture, African American comics creators contested these by offering alternatives in their treatment of Black religion themes.

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17

Elfman, Lois. "Discussing crucial race issues by examining beauty pageants". Enrollment Management Report 27, n.º 12 (20 de febrero de 2024): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/emt.31204.

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Earlier this year, Brittany Lee Lewis, an adjunct professor at George Washington University in D.C. and Wilmington University in Delaware, appeared on the A&E docuseries “Secrets of Miss America,” discussing issues that African American women have faced in the beauty pageant world. While Lewis teaches courses about African American, urban and U.S. 20th‐century history, there's another reason the TV show sought her expertise. Nine years ago, Lewis was crowned Miss Delaware 2014 and she competed in the Miss America contest.

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Elfman, Lois. "Discussing crucial race issues by examining beauty pageants". Successful Registrar 24, n.º 1 (18 de febrero de 2024): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tsr.31261.

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Earlier this year, Brittany Lee Lewis, an adjunct professor at George Washington University in Washington, D.C., and Wilmington University in Wilmington, Delaware, appeared on the A&E docuseries Secrets of Miss America discussing issues that African American women have faced in the beauty pageant world. While Lewis teaches courses about African American, urban, and 20th‐century U.S. history, there's another reason the TV show sought her expertise. Nine years ago, Lewis was crowned Miss Delaware 2014, and she competed in the Miss America contest.

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19

Opatrný, Josef. "Central Europeans and Latin America in the 16th - 19th Centuries". Geografie 103, n.º 1 (1998): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie1998103010046.

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The article gives a historical overview of Czech travellers to Latin America. The history of Czech interests in this region is outlined. The author focuses on the period between 1506 (when the first Czech-written information on the American continent was probably published) and the end of the 19th century. Contacts between Central Europe and Latin America entered a new period at the beginning of the 20th century. While in between the 16th - 19th centuries contacts between Bohemia and Latin America were mostly realized by individuals and small groups, since 1900 Latin America has become an integral part of the Czech society.

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20

Sidoní López y Hanane Belali. "Native American Theater: A Concise History". Miscelánea: A Journal of English and American Studies 54 (15 de diciembre de 2016): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_misc/mj.20166882.

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This paper provides a concise and brief history of Native American theater from its beginnings in indigenous oral traditions to its consolidation in the 21st century. To start with, the essay will deal with the origins of American Indian theater in Native oral traditions through storytelling and its performance. The paper will then explore the dark period of Native American drama during the emergence of Native American writing in the 18th and 19th centuries. In like manner, the essay will deal with the emergence of contemporary Native American theater as a genre during the second part of the 20th century through the numerous and multiple Native theater companies and plays. Finally, the paper will conclude with the path towards the consolidation of contemporary indigenous theater during the new millennium and will attempt to shed light on the collections and anthologies of Native American plays, a considerable body of scholarship which has just started to gain momentum, and the promotion of the genre through different institutions, companies and festivals across the country. As will be demonstrated, although Native drama is a relatively new phenomenon in the American literary landscape, the history of its development is long, complex and still developing.

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21

Morozova, Irina V. "Humanistic Traditions of American Literature. (Osipova, Elvira P. The American Accent. Essays of the 19th–20th Century US Writers. Saint-Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya Publ., 2023. 216 p.)". Literature of the Americas, n.º 15 (2023): 346–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-7894-2023-15-346-355.

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A book by a well-known Russian scholar and literary critic Elvira P. Osipova is a collection of essays written by the author at different times and dedicated to the works of the most significant American writers of the 19–20th centuries. The researcher focuses on the problems of philosophical and social views of writers, the connection of their works with the sociocultural context, and their sense of the tradition of American Romanticism and its humanistic emphasis. The essays are presented in chronological order — from Edgar Allan Poe to the writers of the late 20th century, the principle that allows to trace the humanistic emphasis of American literature throughout its two century history.

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Tau, Victor. "Zwischen dem spanisch-amerikanischen kolonialen Recht und dem des Nationalstaats in Argentinien (16.–20. Jahrhundert)". Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Germanistische Abteilung 133, n.º 1 (1 de octubre de 2016): 442–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/zrgga-2016-0112.

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Abstract Inbetween the Spanish-American colonial law and the law of the national state of Argentina (16th to 20th century). The article provides an overview on nearly six decades of investigation on Latin-American traditions in legal history. It serves two purposes: At first, to understand derecho indiano, its connections with local urban milieus and governments and royal acts, in short a world of casuismo. Secondly, to explain the later history and the fundamental change of this legal culture since the 19th century.

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23

Frazier, Denise. "The Nickel: A History of African-Descended People in Houston’s Fifth Ward". Genealogy 4, n.º 1 (24 de marzo de 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy4010033.

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This paper will chronicle the unique stories that have come to exemplify the larger experience of Fifth Ward as a historically African American district in a rapidly changing city, Houston. Fifth Ward is a district submerged in the Southern memory of a sprawling port city. Its 19th century inception comprised of residents from Eastern Europe, Russia, and other religious groups who were fleeing persecution. Another way to describe Fifth Ward is much closer to the Fifth Ward that I knew as a child—an African American Fifth Ward and, more personally, my grandparents’ neighborhood. The growing prosperity of an early 20th century oil-booming Houston had soon turned the neighborhood into an economic haven, attracting African Americans from rural Louisiana and east Texas. Within the past two decades, Latino communities have populated the area, transforming the previously majority African American ward. Through a qualitative familial research review of historic documents, this paper contains a cultural and economic analysis that will illustrate the unique legacies and challenges of its past and present residents. I will center my personal genealogical roots to connect with larger patterns of change over time for African Americans in this distinct cultural ward.

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24

Oh, Sang Mee. "‘Why Korea Failed?’: The American Discourse of Korea’s Historical Failure at the Turn of the 20th Century". Journal of American-East Asian Relations 29, n.º 4 (19 de diciembre de 2022): 341–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-29040002.

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Abstract The discourse of Korea’s failed history has been mostly a production of Japanese colonial scholarship, but the early texts that American authors produced were what guided the Western understanding of Korean history during the long 20th Century. Despite the importance of these texts that left significant imprints on later academic works and policy decisions, scholars have not as yet examined properly the American discourse of failure in Korean history. This article analyzes the representative American books on Korean history of authors William E. Griffis and Homer B. Hulbert to describe the emergence of the American discourse of Korea’s failed history in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries. It argues that early American authors of accounts of Korean history wrote them in a specific narrative structure that depicted Korea’s past as a story of gradual decline that ended with failure. These works identify three major themes – isolation, victimization, and dependency – as explanations for why Korea failed. Then, the article examines the doctoral dissertations of Harold J. Noble and George M. McCune to show how this early narrative framework during the 1930s and the 1940s continued thereafter to shape U.S. understanding of Korea even into the 1950s, informing both policymakers and scholars.

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McCawley, James D. "Syntactic concepts and terminology in mid-20th century American Linguistics". Historiographia Linguistica 26, n.º 3 (31 de diciembre de 1999): 407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.26.3.13mcc.

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Summary This paper deals with the notions and terminology that figure in the syntactic works of Bloomfield, Fries, Hockett, Gleason, and early Chomsky. Notwithstanding Bloomfield’s commitment to constituent structure and his profound influence on syntactic research in the United States, constituency had a surprisingly peripheral role in such works as Fries (1952) “Immediate constituents” (is the last of its syntactic chapters) and notions of dependency structure a much more central role. Many false generalizations by descriptivists (e.g., treatments of Therer-insertion as inversion) result from a failure to consider complex expressions as constituents of the various constructions. Notwithstanding descriptivists’ denunciations and generativists’ endorsements of traditional grammar, it is the descriptivists whose syntactic category notions came closer to those of traditional grammar. The unusual category scheme of Fries did not deviate all that much from traditional schemes, and its innovations were not applied consistently. 1960s generative syntax shared with Fries’s approach a conception of gender features and referential indices in English as borne by Ns rather than by NPs, and a failure to treat inter- and intra-saentential anaphora uniformly. Gleason (1965) is the most honorable exception to the dismal quality of this era’s literature on parts of speech.

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Betsey A. Robinson. "Hydraulic Euergetism: American Archaeology and Waterworks in Early-20th-Century Greece". Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens 82, n.º 1 (2013): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2972/hesperia.82.1.0101.

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Cooper, B. Lee. "Which Side Are You On? 20th Century American History in 100 Protest Songs". Popular Music and Society 43, n.º 1 (13 de octubre de 2019): 114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03007766.2020.1678330.

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Meng, Aaron, Roland Segal y Eric Boden. "American juvenile justice system: history in the making". International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health 25, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2013): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2013-0062.

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Abstract The original theory behind separating juvenile offenders from adult offenders was to provide care and direction for youngsters instead of isolation and punishment. This idea took hold in the 19th century and became mainstream by the early 20th century. In the 1950s and 1960s, public concern grew because of a perceived lack of effectiveness and lack of rights. The Supreme Court made a series of rulings solidifying juvenile rights including the right to receive notice of charges, the right to have an attorney and the right to have charges proven beyond a reasonable doubt. In the 1980s, the public view was that the juvenile court system was too lenient and that juvenile crimes were on the rise. In the 1990s, many states passed punitive laws, including mandatory sentencing and blanket transfers to adult courts for certain crimes. As a result, the pendulum is now swinging back toward the middle from rehabilitation toward punishment.

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Ch'maj, Betty E. M. "Foreword: The Strange Inscrutable Career of Uncle Tom's Cabin in China". Prospects 18 (octubre de 1993): 507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300004993.

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The straightforward account by Tao Jie of the history of Uncle Tom's Cabin in China raises questions of great interest to contemporary American Studies scholarship. To the old question - how shall we represent America's “usable past?” - is added another: “Usable to whom?” This question, now being asked by a wide variety of multiculturalists reexamining our literature and history from revisionist perspectives, is the central issue raised by Tao's essay. Here we are given a specific case study for cross-cultural comparison that allows us to contrast the America we imagine we have been exporting to the America other cultures reinvent. Equally important, Tao provides us with the opportunity to examine one of the most compelling of our cultural documents from the perspective of 20th-century Chinese history and see how, stage by stage, the translators interpreted the story to respond to changing forces in Chinese cultural history.

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30

Fields, Marjory Diana. "Women in American Labour Movement". International Journal of Public and Private Perspectives on Healthcare, Culture, and the Environment 3, n.º 2 (julio de 2019): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijppphce.2019070104.

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In this article, the author examines the history of exclusion and sex-based discrimination against U.S. women workers seeking to join unions established by men. The author describes how groups of women and girls working in fabric mills in the 19th Century took strike action against work speed up and increased production requirements, making demands for higher wages, equal pay with men, improved working conditions, clean water, health care and time off. Then, in the early 20th century, women teachers formed their own unions to gain increased pay and pension plans, and for social justice. These unions continue to the present seeking also social justice and exercising political power.

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31

Salmi, Hannu. "Gregory Nava's On the American Dream in the 20th Century: The American Tapestry". Film & History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Film and Television Studies 30, n.º 1 (marzo de 2000): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/flm.2000.a400202.

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32

Holloway, Karla F. C. "Cultural Narratives Passed On: African American Mourning Stories". College English 59, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1997): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ce19973608.

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Rehearses some 20th-century narratives as they have appeared in United States history and as they have been represented in African-American literature. Suggests that some of these narratives are insufficiently critical in their construction of stereotypes or in their over-romanticized notions of racial memory, which mask the complications of color and racial identity in the United States.

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33

Siuda-Ambroziak, Renata y Rodrigo Coppe Caldeira. "Editorial — Transformations of Latin American Catholicism Since the Mid-20th Century". International Journal of Latin American Religions 5, n.º 2 (15 de noviembre de 2021): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41603-021-00153-3.

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34

Vogan, Travis. "Rivals! The Ten Greatest American Sports Rivals of the 20th Century". Journal of Sport History 38, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2011): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jsporthistory.38.1.145.

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35

Blue, Ethan. "National Vitality, Migrant Abjection, and Coercive Mobility: The Biopolitical History of American Deportation". Leonardo 48, n.º 3 (junio de 2015): 268–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01027.

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The United States has one of the world’s most extensive systems of mass removal. Its historical roots draw on 19th century biopolitical traditions of border control and internal anti-immigrant policing. In the early 20th century, rail technologies enabled an economical assemblage of steel and law, of racism and politics, attempting national purification by expelling ‘undesirable aliens.’ The process differentiated between the categories of privileged citizenship and abject alienage. The possibilities of national cleansing through deportation allowed new modes of sovereign governance, defined territories, and controlled populations—foundational aspects of modern nationhood.

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36

Bessonova, Maryna y Dmytro Tryukhan. "The Influence of Historical Trauma on Traditional Approaches to the Interpretation of American History in the United States". Kyiv Historical Studies 17, n.º 2 (2023): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2023.23.

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The publication highlights the impact of historical trauma on collective memory and the formation of interpretations of national history in the United States. The trauma studies is one of the most important and disputable vectors of today’s historical researches in the USA. The traumatic events of American history, and especially of its certain communities (such as Afro-Americans, Native Americans), significantly influenced the formation of traditional historical narratives. Slavery, colonialism, violations of the rights of the indigenous population of the modern USA have been postponed in the collective memory of the multicultural American society and reflected on traditional approaches to the interpretation of history and its coverage in school textbooks. Almost a century, from the emergence of the first own history textbooks to the middle of the 20th century. traumatic events were glossed over and a whitewashed version of the past was presented, with a distorted interpretation of slavery and other sad moments in American history. It was discovered that there were many discussions in the American society focused on history interpretations and teaching of history at schools. Both North and South of the USA were trying to transform main narratives of the American History by their own vision. However, we can state the evolution of traditional approaches: at the beginning of the constructing of own historical narratives such issues as slavery and conquest of the Native Americans were silenced as a problematic issues, but now these issues as well as history of the other social groups (except of dominated narratives about white free men) are essential part of modern narratives. Opened discussion is a manifestation of awareness and collective work on historical traumas which are aimed at the consolidation of American society.

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37

Lembré, Stéphane. "LAUZON (Glenn P.) (éd.), Educating in a Working Society. Vocationalism in 20th century American Schooling". Histoire de l'éducation, n.º 152 (31 de diciembre de 2019): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/histoire-education.4943.

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38

Emanuel, Pereira. "History of the Taxonomic Studies of Marine Isopoda (Crustacea: Peracarida) from Argentina". International Journal of Zoology and Animal Biology 6, n.º 3 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/izab-16000477.

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The order Isopoda is one of the most speciose and morphologically diverse order within the Crustacea worldwide, and the Southwest Atlantic is not the exception. The knowledge of the marine isopod fauna in the Argentine Continental Shelf and Slope spans almost two centuries. It began during the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, when European and North American scientists directed their research to this part of world. Subsequently, some Argentine researchers continued the taxonomic studies on the Isopoda, focused mainly on intertidal and shallow waters species of the continental shelf. Currently, the taxonomic knowledge of Isopoda has significantly expanded due to the access to deep-sea environments. In the present contribution, the history of the taxonomic studies of Isopoda from Argentina is reviewed.

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39

Sanderfer Doss, Selena. "Looking for Better: A History of Black Southern Migrations". Midwest Social Sciences Journal 24, n.º 1 (28 de diciembre de 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22543/0796.241.1071.

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A broad overview of migrations affecting black southerners is presented, including the Atlantic slave trade, the domestic slave trade, colonization movements to Sierra Leone and Liberia, the Exoduster movement, the Great Migration, and the Return South migration. Emigrants convey their experiences and motivations through testimonies and personal accounts. Surviving the trauma of forced migrations, black southerners organized numerous migration movements both outside and within American polities in search of better opportunities. In the late 20th century, black southerners also initiated a return migration to the American South and have since achieved notable socioeconomic and political progress.

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40

Eshita, Ichiko. "American History and Landscape in the preservation movement in the beginning of 20th Century". Reports of the City Planning Institute of Japan 3, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2004): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/reportscpij.3.1_27.

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41

Murray, Elisabeth. "Nancy Deihl, ed., The Hidden History of American Fashion: Rediscovering 20th-Century Women Designers". Textile History 50, n.º 2 (3 de julio de 2019): 268–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2019.1653647.

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42

Brody, J. J. "Retrospection, Memory and Imagination in the Study of 20th-century Native American Art History". Museum Anthropology 24, n.º 2-3 (septiembre de 2000): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mua.2000.24.2-3.17.

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43

Gural-Sverlova, Nina y Roman Gural. "History of the penetration of anthropochorous mollusc species to western Ukraine". Proceedings of the State Natural History Museum, n.º 37 (1 de enero de 2022): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36885/nzdpm.2021.37.161-172.

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Analysis of literary sources and materials of the malacological collection of the State Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in Lviv revealed that at the end of the 19th century in western Ukraine could be present only some anthropochorous species of slugs, especially Limax maximus. Instead, mentions of a number of species not belonging to the indigenous malacofauna of Ukraine and its western region, made from the second half of the 19th to the middle of the 20th century, could most likely be based on the erroneous identification of other, native species. The process of intensive penetration into western Ukraine of alien species of land molluscs began, apparently, not earlier than the middle – second half of the 20th century and significantly accelerated at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. The latter could be due to both climate change, which facilitated adaptation to local climatic conditions for more thermophilic species, and the active import of seedlings of ornamental plants from other European countries. In particular, a dangerous pest from the complex Arion lusitanicus s.l. could enter the territory of Ukraine in this way. No less indicative are the relatively young colonies of Cepaea nemoralis, which are increasingly found in western Ukraine. Since the end of the 20th century, species of Caucasian origin and those that were previously observed only for the southern part of the country are increasingly registered in western Ukraine. Compared to the great taxonomic diversity of land anthropochorous molluscs and the widespread distribution of some of them, a relatively small number of freshwater species (up to 8), alien to this area, are still known in western Ukraine. For most of them, only a few finds are still known, made in the early 21st century. The exception is only one species (Physella acuta), which began to be mentioned for various areas in western Ukraine in the second half of the 20th century. Among the alien freshwater molluscs are a group of small species imported to Europe from other continents: New Zealand Potamopyrgus antipodarum, North American Menetus dilatatus, Physella heterostropha and possibly also Physa skinneri and Physella acuta. Representatives of the Dreissena genus came here from the Black Sea territories in the south of Ukraine.

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44

Butenina, Evgeniya M. "Russian Classics in the USA Transcultural Canon". Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 18, n.º 2 (15 de diciembre de 2021): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2021-18-2-165-175.

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The issue of the canon (the most studied and taught classics) is one of the most important in the world literature system. The paper briefly outlines the formation of the USA literary canon since the middle of the 19th century and details the formation of the Russian segment in the transcultural canon since the late 20th century. In the history of the USA canon formation, the institutional or sociological model (Jonathan Culler, Stanley Fish, Paul Lauter), which argues that social institutions respond to ideological demands, and the aesthetic model embodied by Harold Blooms Shakespeare-centered Western Canon stand out. An up-to-date approach to the canon assumes taking both models into account, as well as the perception of the canon as cultural memory. Anthologies are most important sources of documenting the canon. For the 20th century American literature researchers distinguish three phases formed by the leading literary trends: historiographic (1919-1946), new critical (1947-1967) and multicultural (1967- present). Based on the analysis of Norton and Longman anthologies, as well as a popular textbook The Bedford Introduction to Literature since the late 20th century to the present, the paper highlights the Russian core in the USA transcultural canon, which became the source of creative reinterpretation in contemporary literature. The present research is to be continued through the study of the Russian literature canon in specialized editions to outline a comprehensive history of the Russian-American cultural transfer.

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45

Pells, Richard. "From Modernism to the Movies: The Globalization of American Culture in the 20th Century". American Studies in Scandinavia 35, n.º 2 (1 de septiembre de 2003): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v35i2.4435.

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46

Chernega, Jennifer. "Jon C. Teaford's The 20th Century American City: Problems, Promises, and Reality". American Studies in Scandinavia 49, n.º 2 (31 de octubre de 2017): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v49i2.5683.

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47

Pyatov, M. L. "The Last Russian Balance Scientist of the 20th Century". Vestnik NSUEM, n.º 2 (19 de junio de 2021): 46–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.34020/2073-6495-2021-2-046-078.

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The main stages of creative career of professor of Saint Petersburg State University Valery Viktorovich Kovalev (1948–2020), who restored the national school of accounting study which treated the balance sheet as a financial model of the company, are shown. The paper characterizes the specifics of the Soviet school of analysis of economic activities of enterprises formed by the start of Perestroika in the USSR. The scope of the methodological tasks placed before accountant theorists by new business environment in the conditions of the development of post-Soviet economy in Russia is shown. The paper reveals the methodological basis of the methods, suggested by V.V. Kovalev, of analysis of accounting reporting of legally independent business entity in the conditions of market economy, as synthesis of the developments of national accountants of the early 20th century and conceptual framework of English-American school of corporate finance of the late 20th century. The relation of the content of the works by Kovalev to the provisions made by A.P. Rudanovsky (1863–1931) is characterized. The paper presents the influence of several personal qualities of professor Kovalev as a researcher on the development of his ideas ranging from the set of indicators of dynamic analysis of accounting reporting to a new national school of financial management which united the concepts of the Continental European and English-American accounting traditions for the first time. The paper characterizes educational activities of V.V. Kovalev in the 1990s and reveals the content of his works regarding the history of financial science. The success of Kovalev as a propagandist of accounting as science is explained.

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48

Miller, Tiffany Jones. "FREEDOM, HISTORY, AND RACE IN PROGRESSIVE THOUGHT". Social Philosophy and Policy 29, n.º 2 (julio de 2012): 220–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052511000276.

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AbstractScholarly discussions of the turn of the 20th century progressive movement frequently ignore or give but glancing attention to the progressives’ racial views and policies. Those who do pay greater attention to them nonetheless tend to dismiss them as being somehow “paradoxical” or inconsistent with what they regard as the movement’s core, “democratic” principles. The purpose of this paper, accordingly, is to explain the origin and nature of the movement’s core principles, and to show how the reformers’ racial views and policies, far from being inconsistent with these principles, were in fact their natural outgrowth. The progressives’ support for the colonial subjugation of the Filipinos, as well as the disfranchisement and segregation of American blacks, reflects, in other words, the transformation in the character or content of public policy necessitated by the reformers’ rejection of the “individualism” of the American founding in favor of a new conception of “individualism” chiefly inspired by early 19th century German idealism.

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49

Thomas, Margaret. "The monolingual approach in American linguistic fieldwork". Historiographia Linguistica 47, n.º 2-3 (31 de diciembre de 2020): 266–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.00078.tho.

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Summary In the first decades of the 20th century, fieldwork — collection of language data through direct interaction with a native speaker — was foundational to American linguistics. After a mid-century period of neglect, fieldwork has recently been revived as a means to address the increasing rate of language endangerment worldwide. Twenty-first century American fieldwork inherits some, but not all, of the traits of earlier fieldwork. This article examines the history of one controversial issue, whether a field worker should adopt a monolingual approach, learning and using the target language as a medium of exchange with native speakers, as opposed to relying on interpreters or a lingua franca. Although the monolingual approach is not widely practiced, modern proponents argue strongly for its value. The method has been popularized though ‘monolingual demonstrations’ to audiences of linguists, which, curiously, are not wholly consistent with the character of 21st-century fieldwork.

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50

Stearns, Peter y Ruthann Clay. "American Guilt: a challenge for contemporary emotions history". Social and Education History 6, n.º 3 (22 de octubre de 2017): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/hse.2017.2927.

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This article assesses the unexpected increase of references to guilt in American culture, from the mid-20th century onward. The increase came against a pattern of decline over the previous hundred years, and also runs counter to many interpretations of growing American individualism and self-indulgence. The article deals also with the increasing criticisms of guilt, as damaging and unpleasant, that became increasingly common from the 1920s onward. A focus on guilt associated with parenting brings these themes into clearer focus, helping to explain the rise in guilt references – with causes that are fairly clear in the area of parenting – but also the disconcerting combination with resentments about guilt as harmful and unfair. Several parental reactions, particularly by the 1990s, followed from the tensions over patterns of guilt.

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