Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "2016 i-590"

Abstract I surveyed the peer-reviewed literature for studies on crayfish population genetics over the last 20 years (1996 to 2015). My objectives were to determine if there is research disparities based on crayfish conservation status, ecological group, geographic location, and genetic methods used. Additionally, I wished to determine overall trends in crayfish genetics related to population variability, systematics, and technique development. An extensive literature search yielded 201 peer-reviewed articles with genetic information published on 335 of the 590 crayfish species found worldwide. The majority of peer-reviewed articles took place in Europe and Australia/Oceania despite the fact that crayfish biodiversity is greatest in North America. Crayfish within each ecological group (primary burrowers, lotic inhabitants, lentic inhabitants, and stygobitic species) are represented in these published papers. I found published articles on ~ 57% of the estimated 590 extant species. Further, of the 173 species listed as critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable, or as near threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, I found published research on ~ 62% of these species in these classifications thus indicating a knowledge gap for many imperiled species. This lack of basic genetic (and ecological) information is significant as species designation is often used to determine where we should focus our conservation actions. Understanding what constitutes a single interbreeding population and identifying taxonomic designations are priorities for defining conservation management plans.

Abstract I surveyed the peer-reviewed literature for studies on crayfish population genetics over the last 20 years (1996 to 2015). My objectives were to determine if there is research disparities based on crayfish conservation status, ecological group, geographic location, and genetic methods used. Additionally, I wished to determine overall trends in crayfish genetics related to population variability, systematics, and technique development. An extensive literature search yielded 201 peer-reviewed articles with genetic information published on 335 of the 590 crayfish species found worldwide. The majority of peer-reviewed articles took place in Europe and Australia/Oceania despite the fact that crayfish biodiversity is greatest in North America. Crayfish within each ecological group (primary burrowers, lotic inhabitants, lentic inhabitants, and stygobitic species) are represented in these published papers. I found published articles on ~ 57% of the estimated 590 extant species. Further, of the 173 species listed as critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable, or as near threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, I found published research on ~ 62% of these species in these classifications thus indicating a knowledge gap for many imperiled species. This lack of basic genetic (and ecological) information is significant as species designation is often used to determine where we should focus our conservation actions. Understanding what constitutes a single interbreeding population and identifying taxonomic designations are priorities for defining conservation management plans.

Показана возможность синтеза соединений Cu2SnS3 и Cu2SnSe3 на стеклянных подложках путём отжига в парах халькогена тонкой металлической плёнки сплава Cu:Sn = 2:1 в вакуумной графитовой камере типа квазизамкнутого объёма. Методом рентгеновской дифракции установлено, что полученные плёнки халькогенидов имеют подобную сфалериту кристаллическую структуру. Для кубической модификации Cu2SnS3 и Cu2SnSe3 преимущественными плоскостями отражений являются (111), (220) и (311). Элементный состав плёнок соответствует стехиометрии соединений Cu2SnS3 и Cu2SnSe3. Методом ИК-спектроскопии определены энергии активации прямозонных переходов для Cu2SnS3 – 0.96 eV, а для Cu2SnSe3 – 0.70 eV. ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ № 18-32-00971 – мол_а. ЛИТЕРАТУРА Milichko V. A., Shalin A. S., Mukhin I. S., et al. Usp., 2016, vol. 59, pp. 727–772. https://doi.org/10.3367/ufne.2016.02.037703 Wesley Herche. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017, vol. 77, pp. 590-595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.04.028 Rujun Suna, Daming Zhuang, Ming Zhao, et al. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2018, vol. 174, pp. 42–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2017.08.011 Orletskii I. G., Mar’yanchuk P. D., Solovan M. N., et al. Physics of the Solid State, 2016. vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 1058-1064. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063783416050188 Ren Y. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Uppsala, 2017, 85 p. URL: https://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1072439/FULLTEXT01.pdf Lokhande A. C. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, August 2016, vol. 153, pp. 84-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2016.04.003 Shelke H. D., Lokhande A. C., Patil A. M., et al. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2017, vol. 9, pp. 238-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2017.08.006 Orletskii I. G., Solovan M. N., Pinna F., et al. Physics of the Solid State. 2017, vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 801-807. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063783417040163 Mingrui He. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, April 2017, vol. 701, pp. 901-908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.01.191 Pin-Wen, GuanShun-Li Shang, Greta Lindwall. Solar Energy, 2017, vol. 155, pp. 745-757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.07.017 Ju Yeon Lee. Solar Energy, 2017, vol. 145, pp. 27-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2016.09.041 Subbotina, O. Y., Kishkoparov N. V., Frishberg I. V. High Temperature, 1999, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 198–203. URL: http://www.mathnet.ru/php/archive.phtml?wshow=paper&jrnid=tvt&paperid=2266&option_lang=rus (in Russ.) Budanov A. V., Vlasov Yu. N., Grechkina M. V., et al. Condensed Matter and Interphases, 2016, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 481–486. URL: http://www.kcmf.vsu.ru/resources/t_18_4_2016_004.pdf (in Russ.) Zhang, Huang L. L., Zhu X. G., et al. Scripta Materialia, 2019, vol. 159, pp. 46–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.09.010 Lukashev P., Lambrecht W. R. L., Kotani T., Schilfgaarde M. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys., 2007, vol. 76, p. 195202. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.76.195202

U radu su prikazani rezultati prinosa zrna (kg ha-1) pri standardnoj sjetvi hibrida kukuruza i sjetvi u udvojene redove/sjetva u trake (engl. twin row sowing). Istraživanja su provedena od 2016. do 2018. godine na pokušalištu Fakulteta agrobiotehničkih znanosti, pokraj mjesta Tenja (45°31’1,83” s. z. š.; 18°46›37,5» i. z. d.). Na standardni sustav sjetve s razmakom redova od 70 cm sjetvom i sjetvom u udvojene redove s razmakom od 22 cm posijani su hibridi FAO grupa dozrijevanja: H1 = FAO 290, H2 = FAO 380, H3 = FAO 410, H4 = FAO 450 i H5 = FAO 590. U standardnoj sjetvi hibrid H1 ostvario je prosječni prinos od 11.450 kg ha-1, a sjetvom u udvojene redove 12.243 kg ha-1 zrna, odnosno 3,77-9,66% više od standardne sjetve, ovisno o godini uzgoja. Hibrid H2 sjetvom u udvojene redove ostvario je veći prinos za 6,46 do 10,97% u odnosu na standardnu sjetvu. Hibrid H3 u standardnoj sjetvi ostvario je prosječni prinos od 11.731 kg ha-1, a kod sjetve u udvojene redove 12.763 kg ha-1 (veći prinos zrna za 3,45-9,95%). Najveća razlika u prinosa zrna između sustava sjetve utvrđena je 2018. godine kod hibrida H4, koji je ostvario veći prinos sjetvom u udvojene redove, za 11,72%. Kod hibrida H5 utvrđene su najmanje razlike u prinosu zrna s obzirom na sustav sjetve, pa je u 2018. godina sjetva u trake ostvarila manji prinos za 0,59% s obzirom na standardnu sjetvu.

SummaryAlthough factor (F) VIIIa is inactivated by activated protein C (APC) through cleavages in the FVIII heavy chain-derived A1 (Arg336) and A2 subunits (Arg562), the FVIII light chain (LC) contributes to catalysis by binding the enzyme. ELISA-based binding assays showed that FVIII and FVIII LC bound to immobilised active site-modified APC (DEGRAPC) (apparent K d ~270 nM and 1.0 μM, respectively). Fluid-phase binding studies using fluorescence indicated an estimated K d of ~590 nM for acrylodan-labelled LC binding to DEGR-APC. Furthermore, FVIII LC effectively competed with FVIIIa in blocking APC-catalysed cleavage at Arg336 (K i = 709 nM). A binding site previously identified near the C-terminal end of the A3 domain (residues 2007–2016) of FVIII LC was subjected to Ala-scanning mutagenesis. FXa generation assays and western and dot blotting were employed to assess the contribution of these residues to FVIIIa interactions with APC. Virtually all variants tested showed reductions in the rates of APC-catalysed inactivation of the cofactor and cleavage at the primary inactivation site (Arg336), with maximal reductions in inactivation rates (~3-fold relative to WT) and cleavage rates (~3 to ~9-fold relative to WT) observed for the Met2010Ala, Ser2011Ala, and Leu2013Ala variants. Titration of FVIIIa substrate concentration monitoring cleavage by a dot blot assay indicated that these variants also showed ~3-fold increases relative to WT while a double mutant (Met2010Ala/Ser2011Ala) showed a >4-fold increase in K m. These results show a contribution of a number of residues within the 2007–2016 sequence, and in particular residues Met2010, Ser2011, and Leu2013 to an APC-interactive site.

ABSTRACT Parents and early childhood educators still find it difficult to find ways to self-identify children's motor development, there needs to be innovation that measures motoric development can be easily used by parents The purpose of this study is to identify indicators of motor development in early childhood, make measuring instruments, and create a web-based measurement application. This Research and Development methodology uses mix method data analysis. This research is located in Indonesia with a sample of 590 participants. The results of the study show that valid and reliable measurement instruments for motoric development from the results of testing as many as 97 indicators are considered high value. Applications made by Information Technology experts to produce a systematic performance measurement system, making it easier for users, teachers / parents who are famous to get the results of the examination quickly and accurately. The implications of research are expected to be able to build a measuring device with the application of technology that is more developed in aspects of child development in addition to motor development, to become a facility for assessing early childhood development that makes it easier for educators to use it. Keywords: Early Childhood, Motoric Development, Web Based Application Instrument. REFERENCES Ali, A. (2012). Persepsi guru terhadap penggunaan kurikulum berasaskan bermain bagi aspek perkembangan bahasa dan literasi murid prasekolah. Malay Language Education Journal (MyLEJ), 2(1). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327953978 Azwar, S. (2014). Reliabilitas dan Validitas Edisi 4. yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Barnett, L. M., Stodden, D., Miller, A. D., Cohen, K. E., Smith, J. J., Dudley, D., … Morgan, P. J. (2016). Fundamental Movement Skills : An Important Focus Only Leads to a Limited Number, 219–225. Cairney, J., Clark, H. J., James, M. E., Mitchell, D., Dudley, D. A., & Kriellaars, D. (2018). The Preschool Physical Literacy Assessment Tool : Testing a New Physical Literacy Tool for the Early Years, 6(June), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2018.00138 Carson, H. J., Collins, D., & Carson, H. J. (2016). The fourth dimension : A motoric perspective on the anxiety – performance relationship The fourth dimension : A motoric perspective on the anxiety – performance relationship, 9858(February), 0–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2015.1072231 Griffiths, A., Toovey, R., Morgan, P. E., Spittle, A. J., & Pe, M. (2018). Psychometric properties of gross motor assessment tools for children : a systematic review, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021734 Hasnida. (2014). Analisis Kebutuhan Anak Usia Dini. Jakarta: Luxima. Helmawati. (2015). Mengenal dan Memahami PAUD. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Hiryanto. (2013). Pemetaan Tingkat Pencapaian Mutu Program Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Paud) Di Propinsi DIY. Yogyakarta. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/url? Hurlock, E. B. (1999). Perkembangan Anak Jilid I. (Erlangga, Ed.). jakarta. Loprinzi, P. D., Davis, R. E., & Fu, Y. (2015). Early motor skill competence as a mediator of child and adult physical activity Early / Middle Childhood. PMEDR, 2, 833–838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.09.015 Malina, R. M. (2003). Motor Development during Infancy and Early Childhood : Overview and Suggested Directions for Research. International Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2(5), 50–66. Retrieved from http://www.soc.nii.ac.jp/jspe3/index.htm Monnas, L. B. (2018). Insight stories : Looking into teacher support in enhancing scientific thinking skills among pre-school students. Journal of Educational Sciences., 2(1), 19–25. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/url? Pendidikan, M., Kebudayaan, D. A. N., & Indonesia, R. PERATURAN MENTERI PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 137 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG STANDAR NASIONAL PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI (2014). Purna, R. & Kinasih, A. S. (2015). Psikologi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Jakarta: PT. Indeks. Rao, N., Sun, J., Richards, B., Weber, A. M., Sincovich, A., Darmstadt, G. L., & Ip, P. (2018). Assessing Diversity in Early Childhood Development in the East Asia-Pacific. Richard, D. (2013). Aplikasi Teori Pembelajaran Motorik di Sekolah. yogyakarta: Diva Press. Rolina, N., & Muhyidin. (2015). Metode & Media Pembelajaran (jilid 4). In Ensiklopedia Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. yogyakarta: Pustaka Insan Madani. Sani, N. A., & Yunus, F. (2018). Amalan Perancangan , Pelaksanaan dan Pentaksiran dalam Proses Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Pranumerasi di Tadika Swasta. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 43(2), 101–110. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JPEN-2018-43.02-10 Amalan Santioso, L. . (2016). Tes Minat dan Bakat Anak. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya Group. Suyadi. (2014). Manajemen PAUD (TPA-KB-TK/RA). yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Hoy por hoy, la responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) es una nueva forma de enfocar las organizaciones, y de tener un poco de conciencia o respeto hacia los diferentes medios o entornos en los cuales éstas desarrollan sus actividades empresariales. Aparte de ello se puede mencionar que, aunque no existe una gran cantidad de organizaciones pertenecientes al sector secundario, encargado de transformar la materia prima en un bien final, existe una amplia cantidad de pequeñas y medianas empresas (Pymes) del sector primario en la región amazónica, que realizan actividades como la extracción de madera, carbón, peces, producción de ganado, entre otras, acciones que perjudican toda la biodiversidad de la Amazonía colombiana. El presente artículo es de enfoque cualitativo y tipo metodológico descriptivo, ya que se buscó caracterizar el impacto de la RSE en la Amazonía colombiana por parte de las pequeñas y medianas empresas. Referencias: Acero, R. (2016). Lineamientos estratégicos para la incorporación congruente de la variable ambiental en los planes y esquemas de ordenamiento territorial de Colombia (Tesis de Maestría). Universidad de Chile. Recuperado de http://mgpa.forestaluchile.cl/Tesis/Acero%20Ronald.pdf Agudelo, E. (2015). Bases científicas para contribuir a la gestión de la pesquería comercial de bagres (familia pimelodidae) en la Amazonía colombiana y sus zonas de frontera. Recuperado de https://ddd.uab.cat/record/142475 Agudelo, S. (2009). Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, Una mirada desde Colombia. Revista de Negocios Internacionales, 2(1), 3‐11. Altuna, M. (2013). Los Factores de la Responsabilidad Social: El Análisis de las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas Manufactureras Guipuzcoanas. Azkoaga, 16, 149-172. Anónimo. (s.f.). La RSE. “Modelo de Buena Práctica Empresarial”. Recuperado de https://aprendeenlinea.udea.edu.co/revistas/index.php/ tgcontaduria/article/viewFile/323512/20780676 Arenas, A., Escobar, E., Acosta, J., Monsalve, L. y Oyola, E. (2012). RSE “Moda o Compromiso Real” (Trabajo de Grado). Universidad de Medellín. Medellín, Colombia. Recuperado de http://repository.udem.edu.co/bitstream/handle/11407/357/ Responsabilidad%20social%20empresarial.%20%E2%80%9CModa% 20o%20compromiso%20 real%E2%80%9D.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Aristimuño, M. y Rodríguez, C. (2014), Responsabilidad social universitaria. Su gestión desde la perspectiva de directivos y docentes. Estudio de caso: una pequeña universidad latinoamericana. Interciencia, 39(6), 375-382. Baltera, P., Díaz, E. y Dussert, J. (2005). Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, Alcances y Potencialidades en Materia Laboral. Cuaderno de Investigación N° 25. Recuperado de http://www.dt.gob.cl/portal/1626/articles-88984_recurso_1.pdf Barrena, A. (2012). La protección de las especies silvestres, especial tratamiento de la protección en situ (Tesis doctoral). Universidad de Alicante. Recuperada de https://rua.ua.es/dspace/handle/10045/28038Bencomo, T. (2007). Desarrollo de las TIC y la formación profesional. http://www.saber.ula.ve/bitstream/handle/123456789/25149/articulo1.pdf; jsessionid=A8697326F48141C4F9366A86EA3CED46?sequence=2 Buriticá, L. (2011). La RSE y su Relación Teórica con la Gestión del Talento Humano. Universidad de Manizales (Tesis de Maestría). Universidad de Manizales. Recuperado de http://ridum.umanizales.edu.co:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/6789/297/Buritica_ Castro_Lida_Marcela_ 2011.pdf?sequence= Camejo, A. y Cejas, M. (2009). Responsabilidad social: factor clave de la gestión de los recursos humanos en las organizaciones del siglo XXI. Nómadas, Critical Journal of Social and Juridical Sciences, 21(1), 127-142. Cardona, C. y Giraldo, L. (2010). Estandarización de Indicadores de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial Propuestas por Organizaciones de Reconocimiento Mundial (Trabajo de Grado). Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Recuperado de http://repositorio.utp.edu.co/dspace/bitstream/handle/11059/1549/ 658408C268. pdf;jsessionid=A24F7FD84FFE4F942F3159EE7AB68BF7?sequence=1 Congreso de la República de Colombia. (2000). Ley 590 de 2000 “por la cual se dicta disposiciones para promover el desarrollo de las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas”. Bogotá, Colombia. Recuperada de http://www.alcaldiabogota.gov.co/sisjur/normas/Norma1.jsp?i=12672 Curatola, G. (2011). Patrones de distribución espacial de Triplaris Americana en Tambopata, Perú. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Recuperado de http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/454 De La Cuadra, F. (2013). Cambio climático, movimientos sociales y políticas públicas, una vinculación necesaria. Recuperado de https://journals.openedition.org/polis/9651 Delgado, V. y Olarte, M. (2012). Responsabilidad social corporativa en el sector de la televisión. Un estudio longitudinal de las memorias de sostenibilidad. Revista Internacional de Investigación en Comunicación aDResearch ESIC, 6(6), 112-129. Delgado, Y., Herrera, N. y Gallón, C. (2014). La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: una mirada a la aplicación en el sector transporte público automotor. Trabajos de Grado Contaduría Pública, 8(1), 1-29. Duque, Y., Cardona, M. y Rendón, J. (2013). Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: Teorías, índices, estándares y certificaciones. Cuadernos de Administración, 29(50), 196-206. Escamilla, S., Jiménez, I. y Prado, C. (2013). La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, una forma de crear valor. Madrid, España: Editorial Académica Española. Fernández, C. (2012). Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: Cultura y Medio ambiente (Tesis de Posgrado). Recuperado de http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/112084 Franco, C. (s.f.). Dinámica de construcción de una nueva sociedad desde los negocios. Recuperado de http://interamerican-usa.com/articulos/Gob-Corp-Adm/Responsabilidad%20Social%20Carolina%20Franco[1].pdf García, M. y Duque, J. (2012). Gestión Humana y Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: un enfoque estratégico para la vinculación de prácticas responsables a las Organizaciones. Libre Empresa, 17, 13-37. Gil, F. (2013). La responsabilidad social universitaria desde la perspectiva ambiental: universidad y desarrollo sustentable (Tesis de Maestría). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Recuperado de http://132.248.9.195/ptd2013/agosto/0700625/0700625.pdf Gómez, M. (2010). La Gestión y la Información sobre la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial de las PYMES: la Necesidad de Diferenciación. Contaduría Universidad de Antioquia, 56, 15-40. Gómez-Villegas, M. y Quintanilla, D. (2012). Los informes de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: su evolución y tendencias en el contexto internacional colombiano. Cuadernos de Contaduría, 13(32), 121-158. Gómez, H. (2014). Responsabilidad Social Empresarial en la municipalidad de Huehuetenango (Trabajo de Grado). Universidad Rafael Landívar. Recuperado de http://biblio3.url.edu.gt/Tesario/2014/01/01/Gomez-Helen.pdf Guerra, F., Higuera, K., Molina, F. y Villagrán, P. (2015). Estudio comparativo sobre responsabilidad social entre empresas y países. Recuperado de http://repositorio.uchile.cl/bitstream/handle/2250/131943/ Estudio%20comparativo %20sobre% 20responsa.pdf Henao, J. (2013). La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial como Estrategia de Gestión en la Organización Pranha S.A. (Tesis de Maestría). Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Recuperado de http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/12095/1/7711507.2013.pdf Lara, M. (2003). La responsabilidad social de la empresa: implicaciones contables. España: Editorial Edisofer S.L. López, I. (2014). El cambio climático, ¿reto para la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial? Revista Internacional de Organizaciones, 13, 39-53. Mantilla, M. (2012). Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y Población Indígena Colombiana. Bogotá, Colombia: Fondo de Publicaciones de la Universidad Sergio Arboleda. Méndez-Beltrán, J. y Peralta-Borray, D. (2014). Reflexiones respecto a la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y la creación de valor económico desde la perspectiva de los proveedores. Cuadernos de Contabilidad, 15(38), 625-645. Meza, A. (2007). La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial como factor de competitividad (Trabajo de Grado). Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Recuperado de http://www.javeriana.edu.co/biblos/tesis/economia/tesis27.pdf Milian, L. (2015). Responsabilidad social corporativa. Origen y evolución del concepto de RSC en el entorno empresarial europeo y español. Recuperado de https://repositorio.comillas.edu/rest/bitstreams/7232/retrieve Montoya, J. (2011). Plan de educación ambiental para el desarrollo sostenible en los colegios de la institución La Salle. Recuperado de https://www.tesisenred.net/handle/10803/41714 Montoya, B. y Martínez, P. (Coord.). (2012). Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: Una Respuesta Ética ante los Desafíos Globales. Recuperado de http://www.kas.de/wf/doc/kas_37565-1522-4-30.pdf?140425034037 Navarro, F. (2008). Responsabilidad Social Corporativa: Teoría y Práctica. Recensiones, Revista del Ministerio de Trabajo e Inmigración, 76, 193-195. Núñez, I., González, E. y Barahona, A. (2003). La biodiversidad: historia y contexto de un concepto. Interciencia, 28(7), 387-393. Observatorio de Responsabilidad Social Corporativa. Comisión Europea. (2001). Libro Verde: Fomentar un Marco Europeo para la Responsabilidad Social de las Empresas. Recuperado de https://observatoriorsc.org/libro-verde-fomentar-un-marco-europeo-para-la-responsabilidad-social-de-las-empresas/ Ortiz, P. (2009). La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial como base de la estrategia competitiva de HZX (Trabajo de Grado). Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Colombia. Recuperado de https://repository.javeriana.edu.co/handle/10554/9169 Pérez, C. (2014). Acuerdos ambientales multilaterales para la conservación de la biodiversidad. Análisis de cumplimiento en Chile (Tesis de Maestría). Universidad de Chile. Recuperado de http://mgpa.forestaluchile.cl/Tesis/Perez%20Cristian.pdf Porter, M. & Kramer, M. (2011). Creating Shared Value. Recuperado de https://hbr.org/2011/01/the-big-idea-creating-shared-value Puentes, R., Antequeras, J. y Velasco, M. (2008). La responsabilidad social corporativa y su importancia en el espacio europeo de educación superior. Recuperado de https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2740076 Rodríguez, Y., Alemán, R., Domínguez, J., Soria, S., Hernández, H. Salazar, C. y Jara, A. (2016). Efecto de dos abonos orgánicos (compost y biol) sobre el desarrollo morfológico de Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla bajo condiciones de invernadero. Revista Amazónica Ciencia y Tecnología, 5(2), 103-117. Ruiz, J. (2013). Diseño de Modelo de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial en PYME Constructora Araucana (Tesis de Maestría). Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Orinoquia. Recuperado de http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/10192/1/7709579.2013.pdf Saavedra, M. (2011). La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y las Finanzas. Cuadernos de administración, 27(46), 39-54. Sabogal, J. (2008). Aproximación y cuestionamientos al concepto RSE. Revista Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, 16(1), 179-195. Sánchez-Calero, J. (2013). La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y la buena administración. GCG Globalización, Competitividad y Gobernabilidad, 7(3), 103-114. Sanín, S. y Redondo, J. (2008). 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AbstractEUV and X-ray radiation emitted from wind-embedded shocks can affect the ionization balance in the outer atmospheres of massive stars, and can also be the mechanism responsible for producing highly ionized atoms detected in the wind UV spectra. To investigate these processes, we implemented the emission from wind-embedded shocks and related physics into our atmosphere/spectrum synthesis code FASTWIND. We also account for the high energy absorption of the cool wind, by adding important K-shell opacities. Various tests justfying our approach have been described by Carneiro+(2016, A&A 590, A88).In particular, we studied the impact of X-ray emission on the ionization balance of important elements. In almost all the cases, the lower ionization stages (O iv, N iv, P v) are depleted and the higher stages (N v, O v, O vi) become enhanced. Moreover, also He lines (in particular He ii 1640 and He ii 4686) can be affected as well.Finally, we carried out an extensive discussion of the high-energy mass absorption coefficient, κν, regarding its spatial variation and dependence on Teff. We found that (i) the approximation of a radially constant κν can be justified for r ⩾ 1.2R* and λ ⩽ 18 Å, and also for many models at longer wavelengths. (ii) In order to estimate the actual value of this quantity, however, the He ii background needs to be considered from detailed modeling.

La obesidad y la diabetes mellitus tipo II (DMT2) han sido declaradas pandemias del nuevo siglo, en virtud de su acelerado crecimiento y presencia en la población mundial. Sin embargo, el enfoque empleado en los tratamientos de estas condiciones ha radicado en la atención farmacológica de las comorbilidades asociadas, sin conseguir efectos positivos en la enfermedad en el largo plazo. En tal sentido, la investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar los parámetros básicos de atención de la obesidad y la DMT2, a través de la atención nutricional no farmacológica mediante una revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos atendiendo el contenido científico de cada estudio analizado. La evidencia científica es consistente es señalar que un tipo de alimentación con unaporte bajo en grasa, contenido moderadamente alto en proteínas, hidratos de carbono de bajo índice glucémico es adecuada para mantener y/o restablecer las condiciones de salud en este tipo de paciente. Palabras Clave: Diabetes, Obesidad, Diabesidad, Nutrición. Referencias [1]M. Mangas, A. Martínez y P. García, «“Tratamiento Farmacológico de la Diabesidad”,» Nutr. Clín. Med, vol. VI, nº 1, pp. 34-4, 2012. [2]L. Altamiro, M. Vásquez, G. Cordero, R. Álvarez, R. Añez, J. Rojas y V. Bermúdez, «Prevalencia de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y sus factores de riesgo en individuos adultos de la ciudad de Cuenca- Ecuador,» Avances en Biomedicina, vol. 6, nº 1, pp. 10-21, 2017. [3]A. Forero, J. Hernández, S. Rodríguez, J. Romero, G. Morales y G. Ramírez, «La alimentación para pacientes con diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 en tres hospitalespúblicos de Cundinamarca, Colombia,» Biomédica, nº38, pp. 355-362, 2018. [4]S. Durán, E. Carrasco y M. Araya, «Alimentación y diabetes,» Nutrición Hospitalaría, vol. 27, nº 4, pp. 1031-1036, 2012. [5]J. Hernandez, «Recomendaciones para el tratamiento médico de la obesidad exógena en el nivel primario de atención,» Rev cuba med gen integr, vol. 34, nº 3, pp. 123-144, 2018. [6]M. Acebo, «Obesidad y Salud: ¿En realidad existe el paciente obeso metabólicamente sano?,» Respyn, vol. 16, nº 2, p. 44–55, 2017. [7]T. Suarez, J. Sandoval, M. Galván, G. López, A.Olivo, A. J y M. González, «Nutracéuticos: usos potenciales en el tratamiento de la diabetes,» Educacióny Salud Boletín Científico de Ciencias de la Salud del ICSa, vol. 6, nº 12, p. doi: https://doi.org/10.29057/icsa.v6i12.3101, 2018. [8]R. Orellana, E. Salinas, D. Sánchez, J. Guajardo, E. Díaz y F. Rodríguez, «Tratamiento farmacológico de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 dirigido a pacientes con sobrepeso y obesidad,» Medicina Interna México, vol. 35, nº4, pp. 525-536, 2019. [9]O. Pereira, «Diabesidad: una epidemia del siglo XXI,» Medisan , vol. 16, nº 2, pp. 295-299, 2012. [10]S. Andino, «Evolución de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en pacientes obesos mórbidos después del by pass gástrico. Tesis para la obtención del título de posgrado de Doctor en Medicina,» Universidad Católica de Córdoba , Córdoba- Argentina , 2016. [11]A. Muñoz, M. Jiménez, R. Mora, A. Hidalgo y D. Montoya, «Glucosa: amiga o enemiga,» de Diabetes mellitus: el reto a vencer, vol. 44, México, EditorialesFT, S. A., 2013, pp. 9-24. [12]H. Bays, L. Mandarino y R. DeFronzzo, «Role of the adipocyte, free fatty acids, and ectopic fat in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus: peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor agonists provide a rational therapeutic approach,» J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol.89, nº 2, pp. 463-478, 2014. [13]C. Quintanilla y S. Zúñiga, «El efecto incretina y su participación en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2,» Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc, vol. 48, nº 5, pp. 509-520, 2013. [14]L. Baggio y D. Drucker, «Biology of incretins: GLP-1 and GIP,» Gastroenterology, vol. 132, nº 6, pp. 2131-2157, 2014. [15]Z. Cabrera y J. Díaz, «Sobrepeso - obesidad como factor de riesgo a la nefropatía en pacientes diabéticos del Hospital Víctor Lazarte Echegaray.2015,» Cientifi-k , vol. 5, nº 2, pp. 155-201, 2017. [16]F. Abbasi, J. Chu, C. Lamendola, T. McLaughlin, J. Hayden, G. Reaven y et al, «Discrimination between obesity and insulin resistance in the relationship withadiponectin,» Diabetes, vol. 53, nº 3, pp. 585-590, 2014. [17]M. Navarro, I. Jáuregui y G. Herrero, «Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria y diabetes mellitus: Tratamiento nutricional,» vol. 5, nº 9, pp. 914-1066, 2020. [18]A. Forero, J. Hernández, M. Rodríguez, J. Romero, G. Morales y G. Ramirez, «“La alimentación para pacientes con diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 en tres hospitales públicos de Cundinamarca, Colombia,» Biomédica, vol. 38, pp. 355-62, 2018. [19]S. Ramón y G. Medina, «Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas nutricionales en diabéticos tipo 2 que integran los clubes de diabéticos urbanos, Cuenca, 2015,» Recimundo, vol. 2, pp. 595-610, 2018. [20]A. Prado, M. Mazacón y T. Estrada, «Aspectos nutricionales en la atención del paciente con diabetes,» Universidad, Ciencia y Tecnología, nº 02, pp. 132-139,2019. [21]D. Cárdenas, C. Bermúdez, S. Echeverri, A. Pérez, M. Puentes, L. López, M. Correia, J. Ochoa, A. Ferreira, M. Texeira, D. Arenas, H. Arenas, M. León y D. Rodríguez, «Declaración de Cartagena. declaración internacional sobre el derecho al cuidado nutricional y la lucha contra la malnutrición Cartagena,» Nutr Hosp, vol. 36, nº 4, pp. 974-980, 2019. [22]M. Manrique, M. de la Maza, F. Carrasco, M. Moreno, C. Albala, J. García, J. Díaz y C. Liberman, «Diagnóstico, evaluación y tratamiento no farmacológicodel paciente con sobrepeso u obesidad,» Rev Méd Chile, vol. 137, pp. 963-971, 2009. [23]A. Laparra, «Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis de los diferentes enfoques dietéticos para el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2: Lectura Crítica DARE,» Revista española de nutrición humana y dietética , vol. 21, nº 4, pp. 393-396, 2017. [24]F. Represa, «Comorbilidad, control metabólico y calidad de vida en los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2,» Biblioteca Lascasas, 2016. [25]P. Riobó Serván, «“Pautas dietéticas en la diabetes y en la obesidad”,» Nutr. Hosp., vol. 35, nº 4, pp. 109-115, 2018. [26]M. Hernández, M. Batle, B. Martínez, R. San Cristobal, S. Pérez, S. Navas y J. Martínez, «Cambios alimentarios y de estilo de vida como estrategia en la prevención del síndrome metabólico y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2: hitos y perspectivas,» Anales Sis San Navarra , vol. 39, nº 2, pp. 269-289, 2016. [27]R. Li, S. QU , P. Zhang, S. Chattopadhyay , E. Gregg , A. Albright , D. Hopkins y N. Pronk, «Economic evaluation of combined diet and physical activitypromotion programs to prevent type 2 diabetes among persons at increased risk: a systematic review for the Community Preventive Services,» Ann Intern Med, vol. 163, nº 6, pp. 452-460, 2016. [28]J. López, Envejecimiento y nutrición. Intervención nutricional en pacientes diabéticos, Madrid: Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología , 2015. [29]I. Brajkovich, M. Izquierdo, R. Nieto y M. Cordero , «Tratamiento no farmacológico: aspectos nutricionales, estilo de vida y actividad física. Cirugía bariátrica,»Revista Venezolana de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, vol. 1, nº 1, pp. 47-57, 2012. [30]O. González, «Manejo nutricional en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y obesidad,» Revista Médica, vol. 4, nº1, pp. 22-31, 2014.

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya kontribusi retribusi daerah terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kota Pontianak selama periode 5 (lima) tahun yaitu tahun 2015-2019 serta kriteria efektivitasnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif atau dengan cara mengumpulkan, menyusun dan mengklasifikasikan data sehingga diperoleh gambaran yang dapat dipahami mengenai masalah yang dihadapi serta dapat ditarik sebuah kesimpulan. Penulis melakukan pengumpulan data sekunder yang diperlukan untuk penelitian. Dari hasil analisis yang telah diolah menunjukan bahwa kontribusi Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kota Pontianak dari retribusi daerah rata-ratanya adalah sebesar 8,91% sisanya yaitu sebesar 91,09% dari Pendapatan Asli Daerah bersumber dari pendapatan pajak daerah, pendapatan hasil pengelolaan kekayaan daerah yang dipisahkan dan juga pendapatan lain-lain dalam Pendapatan Asli Daerah yang sah. Tingkat efektivitas dari retribusi daerah sendiri mengalami fluktuasi dimana pada tahun 2015 mendapatkan 94,94%, tahun 2016 mendapatkan 97,60%, tahun 2017 mendapatkan 86,36%, tahun 2018 mendapatkan 91,98% dan tahun 2019 mendapatkan 104,93%. Meskipun mengalami fluktuasi dalam 5 (lima) tahun (2015-2019), retribusi daerah termasuk dalam kriteria efektif dengan rata-rata persentase efektivitasnya sebesar 95,16%. Kata Kunci: Pendapatan Asli Daerah; Retribusi Daerah; Efektivitas. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Asteria, B., (2015). Analisis Pengaruh Penerimaan Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Riset Manajemen STIE Widya Wiwaha, 51-61.Badan Pusat Statistik. (2020). Realisasi Pendapatan Daerah Otonom Kota Pontianak, 2016-2017 Actual Autonomous Income of Pontianak Municipality, 2016-2017. Pontianak: Badan Pusat Statistik.Bawuna, N. N., Kalangi, L., & Runtu, T., (2016). 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La fluctuación petrolera tiene una incidencia significativa en la economía mundial, puesto que repercute sobre los ingresos que perciben los países exportadores e influye en los costos de producción de los países importadores. Los factores políticos, económicos, fenómenos naturales y bélicos provocan movimientos inesperados en el precio del crudo. Este trabajo establece la relación entre el precio del petróleo y el PIB de Ecuador con la finalidad de presentar evidencia de la dependencia petrolera del país. Se aplicó modelos de MCO y VAR para establecer la relación entre variables. Los resultados de la investigación determinaron que ante un shock positivo en el precio del petróleo el PIB incrementa en 2% y 3% en el corto plazo. METADATA Período PIB (Millones de USD) Precio WTI petróleo (USD) 1976 I 2163 11,67 1976 II 2207 11,89 1976 III 2294 12,34 1976 IV 2424 13,02 1977 I 2598 13,91 1977 II 2731 14,40 1977 III 2821 14,46 1977 IV 2870 14,11 1978 I 2878 13,34 1978 II 2921 13,52 1978 III 3001 14,64 1978 IV 3117 16,70 1979 I 3270 19,72 1979 II 3440 23,07 1979 III 3627 26,76 1979 IV 3832 30,78 1980 I 4054 35,15 1980 II 4308 38,02 1980 III 4596 39,40 1980 IV 4916 39,28 1981 I 5269 37,66 1981 II 5482 36,38 1981 III 5557 35,44 1981 IV 5492 34,84 1982 I 5289 34,57 1982 II 5084 34,09 1982 III 4878 33,41 1982 IV 4670 32,52 1983 I 4461 31,43 1983 II 4307 30,54 1983 III 4209 29,86 1983 IV 4167 29,38 1984 I 4180 29,11 1984 II 4204 29,11 1984 III 4238 29,39 1984 IV 4283 29,95 1985 I 4339 30,78 1985 II 4340 30,00 1985 III 4286 27,59 1985 IV 4176 23,56 1986 I 4012 17,92 1986 II 3872 14,51 1986 III 3757 13,35 1986 IV 3665 14,43 1987 I 3598 17,75 1987 II 3526 19,65 1987 III 3449 20,14 1987 IV 3366 19,21 1988 I 3278 16,86 1988 II 3236 15,57 1988 III 3241 15,34 1988 IV 3291 16,16 1989 I 3387 18,03 1989 II 3459 19,44 1989 III 3507 20,38 1989 IV 3531 20,85 1990 I 3663 21,75 1990 II 3752 17,77 1990 III 3852 26,23 1990 IV 2522 32,09 1991 I 2663 21,95 1991 II 2599 20,77 1991 III 2785 21,65 1991 IV 2730 21,77 1992 I 2874 18,9 1992 II 3007 21,22 1992 III 2914 21,67 1992 IV 3013 20,48 1993 I 3278 19,85 1993 II 3100 19,75 1993 III 3039 17,81 1993 IV 3331 16,37 1994 I 3612 14,82 1994 II 3744 17,83 1994 III 3853 18,47 1994 IV 3958 17,64 1995 I 4170 18,38 1995 II 4330 19,34 1995 III 4422 17,87 1995 IV 4413 18,13 1996 I 4594 19,77 1996 II 4521 21,71 1996 III 4478 22,34 1996 IV 4680 24,63 1997 I 4783 22,81 1997 II 4853 19,92 1997 III 4841 19,8 1997 IV 4898 19,96 1998 I 4900 15,94 1998 II 4954 14,64 1998 III 5008 14,22 1998 IV 5108 12,93 1999 I 4915 13,17 1999 II 4917 17,65 1999 III 4799 21,69 1999 IV 3899 24,64 2000 I 3797 28,87 2000 II 3376 28,92 2000 III 2697 31,6 2000 IV 5190 32,06 2001 I 5904 28,76 2001 II 6070 27,92 2001 III 6160 26,7 2001 IV 6335 20,47 2002 I 6738 21,64 2002 II 7087 26,27 2002 III 7294 28,3 2002 IV 7431 28,27 2003 I 8011 34,04 2003 II 7965 28,98 2003 III 8120 30,22 2003 IV 8336 31,18 2004 I 8849 35,33 2004 II 9042 38,31 2004 III 9207 43,84 2004 IV 9493 48,14 2005 I 9858 49,9 2005 II 10221 53,11 2005 III 10646 63,31 2005 IV 10782 59,99 2006 I 11313 63,3 2006 II 11727 70,46 2006 III 11942 70,54 2006 IV 11821 59,93 2007 I 11972 58,08 2007 II 12483 64,97 2007 III 12923 75,22 2007 IV 13630 90,58 2008 I 14506 97,86 2008 II 15789 123,77 2008 III 16213 118,29 2008 IV 15254 58,68 2009 I 15022 43,14 2009 II 15589 59,61 2009 III 15780 68,08 2009 IV 16129 76 2010 I 16763 78,81 2010 II 17071 77,82 2010 III 17429 76,07 2010 IV 18293 85,22 2011 I 18923 94,07 2011 II 19728 102,02 2011 III 19968 89,49 2011 IV 20657 94,09 2012 I 21623 102,94 2012 II 21909 93,29 2012 III 22107 92,17 2012 IV 22286 88,01 2013 I 23020 94,33 2013 II 23441 94,05 2013 III 24239 105,83 2013 IV 24430 97,5 2014 I 24829 98,68 2014 II 25541 103,35 2014 III 25940 97,87 2014 IV 25416 73,21 2015 I 25053 48,48 2015 II 25086 57,85 2015 III 24780 46,55 2015 IV 24372 41,94 2016 I 24914 33,35 2016 II 24926 45,46 2016 III 24911 44,85 2016 IV 25187 49,18 2017 I 26000 51,64 2017 II 25994 48,15 2017 III 25961 48,16 2017 IV 26341 55,27 2018 I 26894 62,9 2018 II 26768 68,07 2018 III 27267 69,69 2018 IV 27469 59,59

590 Background: Biliary Tract Cancers (BTC) have poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. There is mounting evidence for biomarker-directed therapy for BTC, with several potentially actionable molecular targets reported in up to ~50% of patients and significant biological differences between intrahepatic (ICC) and extrahepatic (ECC) cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder cancer (GBC). ESMO and ASCO recommends the use of tumour multigene next generation sequencing (NGS) for CCA. Methods: This was a monocentric study assessing real-life clinical actionability of molecular alterations identified with expanded NGS for patients (pts) affected by advanced BTCs treated at Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori of Milan from January 2016 to July 2022. NGS was performed either via the “Hotspot Cancer Panel, Ion Torrent”, the “Oncomine Comprehensive Assay Plus” or the FoundationOne CDx panel; FGFR2 testing was also performed via fluorescence in situ hybridisation. Molecular alterations were classified according to ESMO Scale for Clinical Actionability of Molecular Targets (ESCAT) and correlated with targeted treatments administered and efficacy endpoints. Benefit from targeted treatment was evaluated by means of progression-free survival (PFS) ratio, as defined as the ratio of each patient’s PFS2 (i.e. PFS on molecularly informed therapy) to the PFS1 (PFS on his/her most recent previous treatment), with d for efficacy equal to 1. Results: Out of 340 pts with adequate tissue for NGS, 231 (68%) were affected by ICC, 61 (32%) by ECC and 48 (14%) by GBC. Actionable alterations as per ESCAT I-III were found in 33 % of pts (N= 113, including IDH1 mutation, FGFR2 fusions/rearrangement/mutations, MSI-H, BRAFV600E mutations, ERBB2 mutations/amplifications, BRCA1/2 mutations); 88% of these alterations were found in pts with ICC. Targeted therapy was actually started for 48 pts (14 %), with 9 pts treated with ivosidenib, 32 with FGFR2 inhibitors, 2 with PD-L1 inhibitor, 6 with BRAF+MEK inhibitor and 1 with an HER2 inhibitor). Overall response rate and disease control rate were 18% and 62%, respectively.Median PFS was 5.4 months(95% CI 3.0 - 6.4) overall and 10.12 months on BRAF+MEK inhibitors, 5.55 months on FGFR2 inhibitors, 2.92 months on ivosidenib and 6.23 months on PD-L1 inhibitors. Median PFS ratio was 1.1 (95%CI 0.7 - 1.4), with benefit rate of 51%. Of note, 5 (10%) received targeted therapy as > III line. Median overall survival of targeted therapy was 10 months. Conclusions: Expanded sequencing for BTCs is feasible in real-life and can improve treatment strategy. Analysis of PFS ratio and of treatment outcomes shows clinically meaningful benefit of targeted treatment in pretreated patients.

We aimed to investigate whether the use of intravenous paracetamol (IVP) preoperatively in intertrochanteric fracture (IF) patients aged 65 years or over receiving intramedullary fixation had significantly benefits on the pain score at discharge, delirium incidence, length of hospital stay (LOS), functional outcomes, and mortality. A retrospective analysis of all surgically treated patients presenting with IF was conducted at a single Level I trauma center in China between Jan. 2016 and Jan. 2020. The data concerning patients’ demographics, injury-related data, surgery-related data, operation-related data, in-hospital data, and postoperative outcomes were extracted. To minimize potential confounding and selection bias, the propensity score matching (PSM) method was performed via the caliper matching method by using a 1 : 1 ratio. After PSM, McNemar’s chi-square tests were used to examine the association of using IVP with outcome analyses. The Spearman correlations of IVP using, pain scores, and the factors which may influence them were also computed. After screening 2963 consecutive patients, 2166 were included finally, including 1576 in the non-IVP group and 590 in the IVP group. After PSM, 531 remained in each group. The pain scores at discharge were significantly between the two groups before and after matching (all p < 0.001 ). The differences of delirium rate and functional outcomes became significant after propensity score-based matching ( p = 0.001 and 0.033, respectively), although they were not significant before matching. No significant difference was observed in other operation-related data, LOS, and crude mortality rates at 30-day, 90-day, and 12-month before and after PSM. In conclusion, this study highlights the need for preoperative IVP use to optimize pain control, postoperative functional recovery, and minimize pain-related comorbidities such as delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture.

В работе методами растровой электронной микроскопии и ультрамягкойрентгеновской эмиссионной спектроскопии были проведены исследования особенностейформирования многослойных структур пористого кремния и установлено влияние изменения плотности тока при электрохимическом травлении монокристаллических пластин кремния на фазовый состав поверхностных слоев сформированной пористой структуры. ЛИТЕРАТУРА1. Moshnikov V., Gracheva I., Lenshin A., Spivak Yu. Porous silicon with embedded metal oxides for gassensing applications // Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2012 v. 358(3), pp. 590–595. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2011.10.0172. Pacholski C. Photonic crystal sensors based on porous silicon // Sensors, 2013, v. 13(4), pp. 4694–4713.DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s1304046943. Harraz F. Porous silicon chemical sensors and biosensors: A review // Sensors and Actuators B, 2014,v. 202, pp. 897–912. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2014.06.0484. 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Digital natives’ generation is inseparable from gadgets, less socializing, lack of creativity and being an individualist. The digital native’s generation wants things that are instant and lack respect for the process. The preoccupation of children with gadgets makes children socially alienated or known as anti-social. Preschool play an important role in the development of the digital native’s generation and in the future can help children use gadgets with parents. As it is known, the digital native’s generation is a kindergarten child. This study aims to determine the role of preschools in helping the use of gadgets in the digital native generation. This study used a descriptive quantitative approach with simple random sampling technique was obtained 25 kindergarten principals in Pekanbaru City. Data was collected in the form of a questionnaire via google form. Data analysis uses percentages and is presented in the tabular form. The results of the study indicate that the role of preschools in the use of gadgets in digital native generation children in Pekanbaru City is included in the low category. Only a few preschools have organized parenting education for parents. There are almost no rules governing children's use of gadgets at home, and few preschools educate children on how to use gadgets properly. It is expected for teachers and preschools to add special programs in the curriculum to provide information about positive gadget use and parenting programs that discuss digital native generation and collaborate with parents to establish rules such as frequency, duration and content of children using gadgets. Keywords: Digital Native, Preschool, Gadgets References: Alia, T., & Irwansyah, I. (2018). Pendampingan orang tua pada anak usia dini dalam penggunaan teknologi digital [parent mentoring of young children in the use of digital technology]. Polyglot: Jurnal Ilmiah, 14(1), 65–78. Allen, K. 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In this work, we discuss elasticity equations on a two-dimensional domain with random boundaries and we apply these equations to modelling human corneas. References R. C. Augustyn, D. Nankivil, A. Mohamed, B. Maceo, F. Pierre, and J.-M. Parel. Human ocular biometry. Exp. Eye Res. 102 (2012), pp. 70–75. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.06.009. F. Ballarin, A. Manzoni, G. Rozza, and S. Salsa. Shape optimization by free-form deformation: Existence results and numerical solution for Stokes flows. J. Sci. Comput. 60.3 (2014), pp. 537–563. doi: 10.1007/s10915-013-9807-8. S. C. Brenner and L.-Y. Sung. Linear finite element methods for planar linear elasticity. Math. Comp. 59 (1992), pp. 321–338. doi: 10.2307/2153060. M. C. Delfour and J.-P. Zolesio. Shapes and geometries. Advances in Design and Control. SIAM, Philadelphia, 2001. doi: 10.1137/1.9780898719826. J. Dick. Higher order scrambled digital nets achieve the optimal rate of the root mean square error for smooth integrands. Ann. Statist. 39.3 (2011), pp. 1372–1398. doi: 10.1214/11-AOS880. J. Dick, F. Y. Kuo, Q. T. Le Gia, and Ch. Schwab. Multilevel higher order QMC Petrov–Galerkin discretization for affine parametric operator equations. SIAM J. Num. Anal. 4.54 (2015), pp. 2541–2568. doi: 10.1137/16M1078690 A. Eilaghi, J. G. Flanagan, I. Tertinegg, C. A. Simmons, G. W. Brodland, and C. R. Ethier. Biaxial testing of human sclera. J. Biomech. 43 (2010), pp. 1696–1701. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.02.031. U. Fares, A. M Otri, M. A. Al-Aqaba, and H. S. Dua. Correlation of central and peripheral corneal thickness in healthy corneas. Cont. Lens Anterior Eye 35 (2012), pp. 39–45. doi: 10.1016/j.clae.2011.07.004. R. N. Gantner and Ch. Schwab. Computational higher order quasi-Monte Carlo integration. Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte Carlo methods. Vol. 163. Springer Proc. Math. Stat. Springer, 2016, pp. 271–288. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-33507-0_12. on p. C129). H. Harbrecht. Second moment analysis for Robin boundary value problems on random domains. Singular Phenomena and Scaling in Mathematical Models. Ed. by M. Griebel. Springer, 2014, pp. 361–381. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-00786-1_16. H. Harbrecht, M. Peters, and M. Siebenmorgen. Analysis of the domain mapping method for elliptic diffusion problems on random domains. Numer. Math. 134.4 (2016), pp. 823–856. doi: 10.1007/s00211-016-0791-4. H. Harbrecht, R. Schneider, and Ch. Schwab. Sparse second moment analysis for elliptic problems in stochastic domains. Numer. Math. 109.3 (2008), pp. 385–414. doi: 10.1007/s00211-008-0147-9. R. Hiptmair and J. Li. Shape derivatives in differential forms I: an intrinsic perspective. Ann. Matematica Pura Appl. 192 (2013), pp. 1077–1098. doi: 10.1007/s10231-012-0259-9. C. R. de Lima, L. A. Mello, R. G. Lima, and E. C. N. Silva. Electrical impedance tomography through constrained sequential linear programming: a topology optimization approach. Meas. Sci. Tech. 18.9 (2007), pp. 2847–2858. doi: 10.1088/0957-0233/18/9/014. M. Loeve. Probability theory I. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Springer-Verlag, 1978. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4684-9464-8. R. Martin, S. Jonuscheit, A. Rio-Cristobal, and M. J. Doughty. Repeatability of Pentacam peripheral corneal thickness measurements. Cont. Lens Anterior Eye 38 (2015), pp. 424–429. doi: 10.1016/j.clae.2015.05.001. R. von Mises. Mechanik der festen Körper im plastisch-deformablen Zustand. Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. Mathematisch-Physikalische Klasse 1 (1913), pp. 562–592. url: https://eudml.org/doc/58894 F. Orucoglu and E. Toker. Comparative analysis of anterior segment parameters in normal and keratoconic eyes generated by Scheimpflug tomography. J. Ophthalmol., 925414 (2015), pp. 1–8. doi: 10.1155/2015/925414. D. C. Pye. A clinical method for estimating the modulus of elasticity of the human cornea in vivo. PLOS One 15 (2020), pp. 1–19. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224824.

The effects of biochar and biochar combined with N-fertilizer on the content of soil organic matter in water-stable aggregates were investigated. A field experiment was conducted with different biochar application rates: B0 control (0 t ha-1), B10 (10 t ha-1) and B20 (20 t ha-1) and 0 (no N), 1st and 2nd levels of nitrogen fertilization on silt loam Haplic Luvisol (Dolna Malanta, Slovakia), in 2014. The N doses of level 1 were calculated on required average crop production using balance method. Level 2 included additional 100% of N in year 2014 and additional 50% of N in year 2016. The effects were investigated during the growing seasons of spring barley and spring wheat in 2014 and 2016, respectively. Results indicate that the B20N2 treatment significantly increased the proportion of water-stable macro-aggregates (WSAma) and reduced water-stable micro-aggregates (WSAmi). Aggregate stability increased only in the B20N1 treatment. The B20N2 treatment showed a robust decrease by 27% in the WSAma of 0.5-0.25 mm. On the other hand, an increase by 56% was observed in the content of WSAma with fractions 3-2 mm compared to the B0N0 treatment. The effect of N fertilizer on WSAma was confirmed only in the case of the B10N2 treatment. The proportion of WSAma with fractions 3-2 mm decreased by 42%, while the size fraction of 0.5-0.25 mm increased by 30% compared to the B10N0 treatment. The content of WSAma with fractions 1-0.5 mm decreased with time. On the contrary, the content of WSAma with particle sizes above 5 mm increased with time in all treatments except the B10N2 and B20N2 treatments. A statistically significant trend was identified in the proportion of WSA in the B10N2 and B20N2 treatments, which indicates that biochar with higher application levels of N fertilizer stabilizes the proportion of water-stable aggregates. In all treatments, the content of soil organic carbon (SOC) and labile carbon (CL) in WSAmi was lower than those in WSAma. A considerable decrease of SOC in the WSAma >5 mm and an increase of SOC in WSAmi were observed when biochar was applied at the rate of 10 t ha-1. Contents of SOC in WSAmi increased as a result of adding biochar combined with N fertilizer at first level. CL in WSA significantly increased in all size fractions of WSA.References Abiven S., Hund A., Martinsen V., Cornelissen G., 2015. Biochar amendment increases maize root surface areas and branching: a shovelomics study in Zambia. Plant Soil, 342, 1-11. Agegnehu G., Bass A.M., Nelson P.N., and Bird M.I., 2016. Benefits of biochar, compost and biochar–compost for soil quality, maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions in a tropical agricultural soil. Sci. Tot. Environ., 543, 295-306. Angers D.A., Samson N., Legere A., 1993. Early changes in water-stable aggregation induced by rotation and tillage in a soil under barley production. Can. J. Soil Sci., 73, 51-59. Atkinson Ch.J., Fitzgerald J.D., Hipps N.A., 2010. Potential mechanisms for achieving agricultural benefits from biochar application to temperate soils: a review. Plant Soil, 337, 1-18. Balashov E., Buchkina N., 2011. Impact of short- and long-term agricultural use of chernozem on its quality indicators. Int. Agrophys., 25, 1-5. Barrow C.J., 2012. Biochar: potential for countering land degradation and for improving agriculture. Appl. Geogr., 34, 21-28. Barthes B.G., Kouakoua E.T., Larre-Larrouy M.C., Razafimbelo T.M., De Luca E.F., Azontonde A., Neves C.S.V.J., De Freitas P.L., Feller C.L., 2008. Texture and sesquioxide effects on water-stable aggregates and organic matter in some tropical soils. Geoderma, 143, 14-25. Benbi D.K., Brar K., Toor A.S., Sharma S., 2015. Sensitivity of labile soil organic carbon pools to long-term fertilizer, straw and manure management in rice-wheat system. Pedosphere, 25, 534-545. Benbi D.K., Brar K., Toor A.S., Singh P., Singh H., 2012. Soil carbon pools under poplar-based agroforestry, rice-wheat, and maize-wheat cropping systems in semi-arid India. Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys., 92, 107-118. Blanco-Canqui H., Lal L., 2004. Mechanisms of carbon sequestration in soil aggregates. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci., 23, 481-504. Brevik E.C., Cerda A., Mataix-Solera J., Pereg L., Quinton J.N., Six J., Van Oost K., 2015. The interdisciplinary nature of SOIL. SOIL, 1, 117-129. Brodowski S., John B., Flessa H., Amelung W., 2006. Aggregate-occluded black carbon in soil. Eur. J. Soil Sci., 57, 539-546. Bronick C.J., Lal R., 2005. The soil structure and land management: a review. Geoderma, 124, 3-22. Chenu C., Plante A., 2006. 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Geoderma, 245-246, 56-64. Herath H.M.S.K., Camps-Arbestain M., Hedley M., 2013. Effect of biochar on soil physical properties in two contrasting soils: an Alfisol and an Andisol. Geoderma, 209-210, 188-197. Hillel D., 1982, Introduction to soil physics. Academic Press, San Diego, CA , 364 p. Chenu C., Plante A., 2006. Clay-sized organo-mineral complexes in a cultivation chronosequence: revisiting the concept of the “primary organo-mineral complex”. Eur. J. Soil Sci., 56, 596-607. IUSS Working Group WRB., 2014. World reference base for soil resources 2014. International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps. World Soil Resources Reports, 106, FAO, Rome., 112p. Jeffery S., Verheijen F.G.A., Van der Velde M., Bastos A.C., 2011. A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis. Agr. Ecosys. Environ., 144, 175-187. Jien S.H., Wang Ch.S., 2013. Effects of biochar on soil properties and erosion potential in a highly weathered soil. Catena, 110, 225-233. Kammann C., Linsel S., Goßling J., Koyro H.W., 2011. Influence of biochar on drought tolerance of Chenopodium quinoa Willd and on soil-plant relations. Plant Soil, 345, 195-210. Kodesova R., Nemecek K., Zigova A., Nikodem A., Fer M., 2015. Using dye tracer for visualizing roots I pact on soil structure and soil porous system. Biologia, 70, 1439-1443. Krol, A., Lipiec, J., Turski, M., J. Kuoe, 2013. Effects of organic and conventional management on physical properties of soil aggregates. Int. Agrophys., 27, 15-21. Kurakov A.V., Kharin S.A., 2012. The Formation of Water-Stable Coprolite Aggregates in Soddy-Podzolic Soils and the Participation of Fungi in This Process. Eur. Soil Sci., 45, 429-434. Loginow W., Wisniewski W., Gonet S.S., Ciescinska B., 1987. Fractionation of organic carbon based on susceptibility to oxidation. Pol. J. Soil Sci., 20, 47-52. Lynch, J.M., and E. 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Per Israelson om ROGER WHITSON & JASON WHITTAKERWILLIAM BLAKE AND THE DIGITAL HUMANITIES. COLLABORATION, PARTICIPATION AND SOCIAL MEDIANew York: Routledge 2013, 211 s. James Spens om MATS MALMPOESINS RÖSTER. AVLYSSNINGAR AV ÄLDRE LITTERATURStockholm/Höör: Brutus Östlings Bokförlag Symposion 2011, 240 s. Andreas Hellerstedt om LARS BURMANELOQUENT STUDENTS. RHETORICAL PRACTICES AT THE UPPSALA STUDENT NATIONS 1663–2010Uppsala: Acta universitatis upsaliensis, 2012, 212 s. Jan Balbierz om MARTIN HELLSTRÖM (RED.)TRON ÄR MITT LOKALBATTERI. RELIGION OCH RELIGIOSITET I AUGUST STRINDBERGS LIV OCH VERKSkellefteå: Artos 2012, 233 s. Anna Cavallin om MIRANDA LANDENOCH NU BÖRJAR HISTORIEN.HJALMAR SÖDERBERGS NOVELLKONSTStockholm: Bokförlaget Atlantis 2013, 591 s. Erik Erlanson om ANNE GRY HAUGLANDNATUREN I ÅNDEN. NATURFILOSOFIEN I INGER CHRISTENSENS FORFATTERSKABKøbenhavn: Institut for nordiske studier og sprogvidenskab, Københavns universitet 2012, 237 s. (diss. København) Mikael van Reis om ULF OLSSONSPRÅKMASKINEN. OM LARS NORÉNS FÖRFATTARSKAPGöteborg: Glänta Produktion (Hardcore 06), 2013, 176 s. Greger Andersson om ANEŽKA KUZMICˇOVÁMENTAL IMAGERY IN THE EXPERIENCE OF LITERARY NARRATIVE. VIEWS FROM EMBODIED COGNITIONStockholm: Stockholm University 2013, 177 s. (diss. Stockholm) Erik van Ooijen om CECILIA ÅSBERG, MARTIN HULTMAN & FRANCIS LEE (RED.)POSTHUMANISTISKA NYCKELTEXTERLund: Studentlitteratur 2012, 233 s. Johan Gardfors om WOLFGANG ERNSTDIGITAL MEMORY AND THE ARCHIVE. EDITED AND WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY JUSSI PARIKKAMinneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press 2013, 265 s.

Ressenya sobre els llibres: Pere Villalba i Varneda, «Ramon Llull. Escriptor i filòsof de la diferència. Palma de Mallorca, 1232-1316», Bellaterra, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016, 596 pp., ISBN: 978-84-490-5164-7. Pere Villalba i Varneda, «Ramon Llull. Vida i obres. Volum I. Anys 1232-1287/1288. Obres 1-37», Barcelona, Institut d’Estudis Catalans, 2015, 1001 pp., ISBN: 978-84-9965-259-7.

El estado franquista, en su afán por vincularse a las épocas “gloriosas” del pasado, encontró en los castillos un argumento más para su discurso nacionalista. Esta significación simbólica se tradujo en todo un relato textual y visual que arranca de períodos anteriores, pero que cobra una nueva dimensión con la importancia económica del turismo durante la década de los sesenta. A lo largo de las siguientes páginas identificamos las claves de este discurso simbólico a través de los textos (fuentes impresas y hemerográficas) y la documentación de archivo procedente de los procesos de restauración monumental y políticas turísticas. Singular importancia tuvo el mundo de la fotografía como herramienta múltiple de identificación y vehículo de publicidad turística. Gracias a ello podemos rastrear las instituciones promotoras y las sinergias con otros agentes sociales imbricados en la dictadura. Palabras clave: historia de la restauración, historia de la fotografía, turismo, castillos, nacionalismoTopónimo: EspañaPeriodo: franquismo ABSTRACTThe Francoist state, in its eagerness to associate itself with the “glorious” times of the past, found in castles further support for its nationalist discourse. This symbolic significance translated into an entire textual and visual narrative that had begun earlier but acquired a new dimension with the economic importance of tourism during the 1960s. The following pages identify the keys to this symbolic discourse through texts (printed sources and journalistic sources) and documentation from the archives of processes of monumental restoration and tourism policies. Particular importance was attached to the world of photography as a multiple tool for identification and as a vehicle for tourist publicity. Thanks to the latter, it is possible to trace the promoting institutions and the synergies with other social agents involved in the dictatorship. Keywords: history of restoration, history of photography, tourism, castles, nationalismPlace names: SpainPeriod: francoism REFERENCIASAlares, G., Políticas del pasado en la España franquista (1939-1964). Historia, nacionalismo y dictadura, Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2017.Almarcha, E. y Villena, R., “Los castillos, ¿destino turístico?”, en De Marco Polo al low cost. Perfiles del turismo contemporáneo, Madrid, La Catarata de los Libros, 2020, pp. 69-90.— “La impresión de lo moderno. Los volúmenes provinciales de los XXV años de paz”, en XXV Años de Paz Franquista. Sociedad y cultura en España hacia 1964, pp. 271-307.— “Las tarjetas postales como registro de la memoria histórica”, La Tadeo de Arte, 5, (2019), pp. 178-203.Almarcha, E., García, M. P. y Villena, R. (coords.), Spain is different. 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Sociedad y cultura en España hacia 1964, Madrid, Sílex Universidad, 2017.Chenovart, J., “La heroína histórica en el cine franquista: La princesa de los Ursinos, Agustina de Aragón y La leona de Castilla”, Filmhistoria Online, 30, (2020), https://revistes.ub.edu/index.php/filmhistoria/article/view/33112 (Consulta: 22-12-2021).Correyero, B., “El papel de la publicidad turística en la construcción de la imagen de España (1900-1936)”, en Los orígenes del turismo moderno en España el nacimiento de un país turístico: 1900-1939, Madrid, Sílex, 2018, pp. 471-507.Domeño, A., La fotografía de José Ortiz-Echagüe: técnica, estética y temática, Pamplona, Gobierno de Navarra, 2000.Erro, C., Ortiz-Echagüe, el empresario fotógrafo, Madrid, EADS, 2012.Esteban, M. y De la Calle, M. D. (eds.), Procesos de nacionalización en la España contemporánea, Salamanca, Universidad, 2010.Fontana, F., “Miedo a la historia”, El País (16-07-2006).Fuentes, A., Bienvenido Mr. Turismo. Cultura visual del boom en España, Madrid, Cátedra, 2017.García, M. P., Almarcha, E. y Hernández, A. (coords.), Historia, restauración y reconstrucción monumental en la posguerra española, Madrid, Abada Editores, 2012.García, M. P., Almarcha, E. y Hernández, A. (coords.), Restaurando la memoria. España e Italia ante la recuperación monumental de posguerra, Gijón, Trea, 2010.García-Gutiérrez, J., “A propósito de paradores y de la intervención en edificios históricos en la España Contemporánea”, Estudios Turísticos, 217-218, (2019), pp. 57-65.Garris, Á., “La reconstrucción de la arquitectura militar como imagen del régimen franquista”, XVII Congreso Nacional de Historia del Arte, Atrio-U. de Barcelona-CEHA, 2017, pp. 577-590.Garris, Á., “La restauración de la arquitectura militar mudéjar bajo la bandera franquista”, XI Simposio Internacional de Mudejarismo, Teruel, Instituto de Estudios Turolenses-Centro de Estudios Mudéjares, 2009, pp. 149-160.Gómez de Terreros, M. V. (ed.), La arquitectura de las órdenes militares en Andalucía: conservación y restauración, U. de Huelva, 2011.Hernández, A., “Francisco Íñiguez Almech y Leopoldo Torres Balbás, ¿vidas paralelas?”, en Torres Balbás y la restauración científica: ensayos, Granada, Patronato de la Alhambra y Generalife / Sevilla, Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico, 2013, pp. 449-476.Kurtz, G. y Ortega, I., 150 años de fotografía en la Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, El Viso, 1989.Larrinaga, C. y Vallejo, R. (dirs.), Los orígenes del turismo moderno en España el nacimiento de un país turístico: 1900-1939, Madrid, Sílex, 2018.Latorre, J., Santa María del Villar. Fotógrafo turista. En los orígenes de la fotografía artística española, Pamplona, Institución Príncipe de Viana, 1998.Lavaur, L., El turismo en su historia, Madrid, Editur, 1974.Moreno, J. y Núñez, X. M. (eds.), Ser españoles: imaginarios nacionalistas en el siglo XX, Barcelona, RBA, 2013.Ordóñez, J., “Restauración arquitectónica en la autarquía. La Alcazaba de Málaga: entre la reconstrucción nacional y la escenografía historicista”, en Dos décadas de cultura artística en el franquismo (1936-1956), U. de Granada, 2001, pp. 587-616.Ortiz-Echagüe, Madrid, La Fábrica, 1998.Pack, S., La invasión pacífica. Los turistas y la España de Franco, Madrid, Turner, 2009.Paz, J., Castillos y fortalezas, Madrid, Revista de Archivos, Bibliotecas y Museos, 1914.Pérez Gallardo, H., Fotografía y arquitectura en el siglo XIX. Historia y representación monumental, Madrid, Cátedra, 2015.Pérez Garzón, J. S., “¿Qué historia aprendían ‘Los chicos del PREU’ en 1964?”, XXV Años de Paz Franquista. Sociedad y cultura en España hacia 1964, Madrid, Sílex Universidad, 2017, pp. 127-159.— “Evolución y rasgos de las historiografías de los nacionalismos en España”, en Procesos de nacionalización e identidades en la Península Ibérica, Cáceres, Universidad de Extremadura, pp. 47-74.Poutet, H., Images touristiques de l’Espagne: de la propagande politique à la promotion touristique, París, L’Harmattan, 1995.Riego, B. (coord.), España en la tarjeta postal, Barcelona, Lunwerg, 2010.Rodríguez, D. y Pérez Gallardo, H. (coords.), Mirar la arquitectura fotografía monumental en el siglo XIX [exposición, del 3 de julio al 4 de octubre de 2015], Madrid, Ministerio de Cultura / Biblioteca Nacional, 2015.Rodríguez, M. J. y García-Gutiérrez, J., “De lo inexpugnable a lo accesible. Correlación entre valores patrimoniales y turismo en los castillos de la Red de Paradores”, erph_: Revista electrónica de Patrimonio Histórico, 19, (2016), pp. 22-53.Sánchez Vigil, J. M. (coord.), La fotografía en España. De los orígenes al siglo XXI. Summa Artis, vol. XVII, Madrid, Espasa Calpe, 2001.Saz, I., España contra España. Los nacionalismos franquistas, Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2003.Shubert, A., Espartero, el Pacificador, Barcelona, Galaxia Gutenberg, 2018, .epub.Sougez, M. L. (coord.), Historia general de la fotografía, Madrid, Cátedra, 2007.Storm, E., “Patrimonio local, turismo e identidad nacional en una ciudad de provincias: Toledo a principios del siglo XX”, Hispania, 244, (2013), pp. 349-376.Vega, C., Fotografía en España (1839-2015). Historia, tendencias, estéticas, Madrid, Cátedra, 2017.Villaverde, J. y Galant, I. (eds.), ¿El turismo es un gran invento? Usos políticos, identitarios y culturales del turismo en España, Valencia, Institució Alfons el Magnànim-CSIC, 2020.Villena, R., “Envíos con sabor español. Tarjetas postales, traje y nación”, Imaginarios en conflicto: "lo español" en los siglos XIX y XX, Madrid, CSIC, 2017, pp. 79-96.Villena, R., “Una nación efímera. Soportes visuales para el nacionalismo español contemporáneo”, Spain is different. Restauración monumental y desarrollismo en España 1959-1975, Cuenca, Genueve, 2019, pp. 9-34.Vives, A., “Tourism and Nationalism in the Production of Regional Culture: The Shaping of Majorca”, Nations and Nationalism, 24, 3, (2018), pp. 695-715.

The purpose of this study was to specify the occurrence and prevalence of Babesia microti in hard ticks removed from dogs in Warsaw (central Poland). Among 590 collected ticks, 209 were identified as Ixodes ricinus, and 381 as Dermacentor reticulatus. B. microti DNA was detected in 11 out of 590 (1.86%) samples of ticks. The DNA of the parasite was detected only in lysates from female I. ricinus ticks (11 out of 193; 5.7%). The result of this study is the first evidence of B. microti in I. ricinus ticks in Warsaw.

Early childhood emotional dysregulation is critical in recognizing and preventing psychological well-being disorders, laying the groundwork for developing healthy emotional behaviors early on. This study aims to determine the direct influence of smartphone addiction, executive function, and the mother-child relationship on emotional dysregulation in early childhood in West Sumatra. This research method is a quantitative survey. The data collection technique in this research uses a questionnaire design on 309 parents who were selected using a simple random sampling method. This data processing tool uses the SmartPLS software. The results of the study indicate that smartphone addiction has a significant impact on emotional dysregulation in early childhood, executive function has a positive and significant effect on emotional dysregulation in early childhood, and the mother-child relationship has a positive and significant influence on emotional dysregulation in early childhood. The findings of this research can offer valuable insights into improving the understanding of the factors that influence emotional dysregulation in early childhood and intervention strategies to address the issues that arise as a result. Keywords: smartphone addiction, executive function, mother-child relationship, emotional dysregulation, early childhood References: Aisyah, Salehudin, M., Yatun, S., Yani, Komariah, D. L., Aminda, N. E. R., Hidayati, P., & Latifah, N. (2021). Persepsi Orang Tua Dalam Pendidikan karakter Anak Usia Dini Pada Pembelajaran Online di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. PEDAGOGI: Jurnal Anak Usia Dini Dan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(1), 60–75. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/pedagogi.v7i1.6593 Allison, S. Z. (2023). Islamic Educational Provisions in South Korea and Indonesia : A Comparison. Journal of Islamic Education Students, 3, 50–61. https://doi.org/10.31958/jies.v3i1.8772 Anggraini, E. (2019). Mengatasi Kecanduan Gadget Pada Anak. Serayu Publishing. Annisa, N., Padilah, N., Rulita, R., & Yuniar, R. (2022). Dampak Gadget Terhadap Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 3(9), 837–849. https://doi.org/10.36418/japendi.v3i9.1159 Annisavitry, Y., & Budiani, M. S. (2006). Hubungan antara Kematangan Emosi dengan Agresivitas pada Remaja. 1–6. Anzani, R. W., & Intan Khairul Insan. (2020). Perkembangan sosial emosi pada anak usia prasekolah. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Dakwah, 02, 180–193. APJII. (2019). Pengguna Internet Indonesia Hampir Tembus 200 Juta di 2019. Asosiasi Pengguna Jasa Internet Indonesia (APJII). https://blog.apjii.or.id/index.php/2020/11/09/siaran-pers-pengguna-internet-indonesia-hampir-tembus-200-juta-di-2019-q2-2020/ Aryanti, Z. (2017). Kelekatan dalam perkembangan anak. Arbawiyah: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan. Ashari, L. F., & Anwar, F. (2022). Moral Problems and Mothers’ Efforts to Educate Children in Single Parent Families. 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RESUMENLos monasterios femeninos nacen en beaterios en muchos casos. Así los beaterios son el primer paso de la reclusión pero, al mismo tiempo el modelo de rechazo. Por otro lado, con el Concilio de Trento, la Contrarreforma fue la imposición de la reforma religiosa con una renovación espiritual, pero reproduce la subordinación femenina y la clausura. Nuevamente se renuevan los rechazos en este caso el modelo son los conventos de Toledo y el monasterio de San Clemente. Este estudio examina la importancia de los beaterios en las fundaciones conventuales en Toledo.Y analiza la oposición y acciones de rechazo de las beatas y monjas de las distintas comunidades monásticas y mendicantes frente a las reformas de vida claustral, incluido la normativa del Concilio de Trento. Utilizando para ello las fuentes documentales localizadas durante la elaboración de mi tesis doctoral.PALABRAS CLAVE: Beaterios, conventos, oposición, Toledo, Edad ModernaABSTRACTWomen’s monasteries often began as beatorios. These beaterios were thus the first step in confinement but at the same time the model of rejection. Meanwhile the Council of Trent and Counterreformation represented the imposition of religious reform with spiritual renewal, but reproduced female subordination and cloister. Again renew rejects in this case the model are convents in Toledo and the monastery of Saint Clemens. This study examines the importance of beaterios in the founding of convents in Toledo. And it analyses how pious women and nuns of the different monastic and mendicant orders opposed and rejected resist reforms of cloistered life, including the Council of Trent legislation. Using to this end documents studied during the preparation of my doctoral thesis.KEY WORDS: Beaterios convents, opposition, Toledo, Modern Age. BIBLIOGRAFÍAAbad Pérez, A., Soledad Sonora. Convento de San Antonio de Padua, Talavera-Toledo, 1980.Alemán Ruiz, E., Inicios de la clausura femenina en Gran Canaria: el Monasterio de la Concepción, 1592-1634, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 2000.Álvarez, T., Cultura y mujer en el siglo XVI: el caso de Santa Teresa de Jesús, Ávila, 2006.Atienza, A., “De beaterios a conventos: nuevas perspectivas sobre el mundo de las beatas en la España Moderna”, Historia Social, 57 (2007), pp. 145-168.Atienza, A., “Los límites de la obediencia en el mundo conventual femenino en la Edad Moderna: políticas de clausura en la Corona de Aragón, siglo XVII”, Studia Histórica, Historia Moderna, 40/1 (2018), pp. 125-157.Atienza López, A., Tiempo de conventos. Una historia social de las fundaciones en la España Moderna, Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2008.Burrieza Sánchez, J., (ed.), El alma de las mujeres. Ámbitos de espiritualidad femenina en la modernidad (siglos XVI-XVII), Valladolid, Universidad de Valladolid, 2015.Burrieza Sánchez, J., “La percepción jesuítica de la mujer (siglos XVI- XVIII)”, Investigaciones Históricas, 25 (2005), pp. 85-116.Bueno, M. L., “Las mujeres de Santa María de las Dueñas de Zamora. La realidad humana”, El cristianismo medieval, Madrid, Almudayna, 1991, pp. 231-245.Callado Estela, E., “Mujeres, reforma y resistencia. Las dominicas valencianas de Santa María Magdalena en los siglos XVI y XVII”, en La vida cotidiana y la sociabilidad de los dominicos: entre el convento y las misiones (s. XVI-XVII-XVIII), Arpegio, 2013, pp. 73-103.Canabal Rodríguez, L., “La aplicación de Trento en la vida regular: el convento femenino de San Clemente de Toledo”, Cistercium, 232 (2003), pp 571-596.Canabal Rodríguez, L., “Beaterio y convento. Origen, evolución y desarrollo de las comunidades regulares de la Orden Franciscana de Toledo”, en Congreso Internacional. El Franciscanismo: identidad y poder, Baeza, Priego de Córdoba, 2015, pp. 317-330.Canabal Rodríguez, L., “Clausura en el siglo XVII: el convento dominicano de Jesús y María en Toledo”, Toletana. Cuestiones de Teología e Historia, 14 (2006) pp. 137-160.Canabal Rodríguez, L., “Las comunidades religiosas femeninas de Toledo. Implantación y características generales de su patrimonio fundacional (siglos XII- XVII)”, Toletana. Cuestiones de Teología e Historia, 9 (2003), pp. 287-322.Canabal Rodríguez, L., Los conventos femeninos en Toledo. Siglos XII- XVI, Madrid, Universidad Complutense, 1997, (tesis doctoral inédita).Canabal Rodríguez, L., “Constituciones de una comunidad concepcionista. El monasterio de la Concepción de Toledo”, en I Congreso Internacional del Monacato femenino en España, Portugal y América (1492-1992), León, Universidad de León, 1993, vol. 3, pp. 203-211.Canabal Rodríguez, L. “Conversos toledanos en un espacio de poder, la Catedral Primada. Don Francisco Álvarez de Toledo, canónigo y mecenas (ss.XV-XVI)”, Espacio, Tiempo y Forma, Serie IV, Historia Moderna, 24 (2011), pp. 13-32.Canabal Rodríguez, L., “Don Francisco Álvarez de Toledo, maestrescuela de la catedral y benefactor del convento de San Miguel de los Ángeles de Toledo”, Archivo Ibero-Americano, 66 (2006) pp. 269-290.Canabal Rodríguez, L., “Dos reinados y dos cortes. Una dama portuguesa en la corte castellana. Doña Beatriz de Silva y Meneses (1447-1491)”, en Reinas e infantas en los reinos medievales ibéricos. Contribuciones para su estudio, Santiago, Universidad de Santiago, 2015, pp. 361-385.Canabal Rodríguez, L., “Educación femenina en la Edad Moderna: constituciones del Colegio de Doncellas Nobles de Nuestra Señora de los Remedios, Toledo (siglo XVI)”, Estudios Humanísticos. Historia, 12 (2013), pp. 127-154.Canabal Rodríguez, L., “La fe de san Francisco y su voz. Continuidad y diversidad fundacional de las ramas femeninas en la Ciudad Imperial (siglos XIII- XVII)”, Sémata: Ciencias sociais e humanidades, 26 (2014), pp. 193-219.Canabal Rodríguez, L., “Felipe II y su política religiosa: el convento de San Clemente de Toledo”, en Felipe II (1527-1598): Europa y la Monarquía católica, Madrid, Parteluz, 1998, vol. III, pp. 139-158.Canabal Rodríguez, L., “Fundación y dotación de una comunidad franciscana femenina por un linaje converso. 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RESUMENLa pretensión de este artículo es ofrecer una serie de reflexiones y valoraciones metodológicas sobre la historia medieval de la Iglesia y la religiosidad partiendo de algunos aspectos destacados de la producción historiográfica reciente y esbozar ciertas propuestas en la misma clave metodológica. Este ensayo reflexiona sobre temas, enfoques y perspectivas, sobre los niveles de estudio de lo religioso y sobre la integración de la historia de la Iglesia y la historia social, y aboga por una historiasocial de la Iglesia.PALABRAS CLAVE: Historia Medieval, Historia de la Iglesia y la vida religiosa en la Edad Media, Metodología histórica, Liturgia y sociedad, Tendencias historiográficas.ABSTRACTThe aim of this article is to offer a series of reflections and methodological evaluations on the medieval history of the Church and religiosity based on some outstanding aspects of recent historiographical production, and to outline certain proposals in the same methodological vein. This essay reflects on themes, approaches and perspectives, on the levels of study of the religious and on the integration of the history of the Church and social history, and advocates a social history of the Church.KEY WORDS: Medieval History, History of the Church and religious life in the Middle Ages, historical methodology, liturgy and society, historiographical trends. BIBLIOGRAFÍAAbad Ibáñez, J. A., La celebración del misterio cristiano, Pamplona, Eunsa, 1996.Andrés-Gallego, J., “Historia religiosa en España”, Anuario de historia de la Iglesia, 4 (1995), pp. 259-270.Araus Ballesteros, L. y Prieto Sayagüés, J. A. (coords.), Las tres religiones en la Baja Edad Media peninsular. Espacios, percepciones y manifestaciones, Madrid, La Ergástula, 2018.Arranz Guzmán, A., “Amores desordenados y otros pecadillos del clero”, en Carrasco Manchado, A. I. y Rábade Obradó, M. del P. (coords.), Pecar en la Edad Media, Madrid, Sílex, 2008, pp. 227-262.Asensio Palacios, J. 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Silicon germanium nanostructures (SiGe NSs) have acquired today a prominent role in several cutting-edge research topics in nanoscience, thanks to the most recent advances in synthesis, processing and characterization [1-4]. The physical properties of such nanosystems are strictly related not solely to the size of the system (as in pure Si and Ge NSs), but also to the relative composition of Si and Ge atoms as well as to the geometry of Si/Ge interface. The investigation of these materials with experimental techniques is, however, complicated by several factors not always well controlled which can hide the right comprehension of the fundamental properties. In this context first principles theoretical modeling is extraordinarily important as it can complement or augment experimental observations. Here, I will present an overview of the ab initio computational modeling of various types of SiGe nanosystems (nanowires [5], nanodots [6] and slabs [7-8]). I will outline how by bringing together two similar elements –Si and Ge, neighbors in the periodic table–, a broad variety of new chemical and physical properties emerge, stimulating both fundamental and application-driven research in nanoscience. Indeed, I will show that substituting some of the atoms of a pure Si NS with Ge in configurations of distinct compositions and dimensionalities, can strongly affect some fundamental properties such as band gap, band offsets, work function and impurity doping levels. Bibliography [1] M. Amato, M. Palummo, R. Rurali, S. Ossicini, Chem. Rev. 114, 1371 (2014) [2] I. Berbezier, A. Ronda, Surf. Sci. Rep., 64, 47 (2009) [3] J.-N Aqua, I. Berbezier, L. Favre, T. Frisch, A. Ronda, Phys. Rep., 522, 52 (2013) [4] D. J. Paul, Semicond. Sci. Technol. 19, R75–R108 (2004) [5] M. Amato, S. Ossicini and R. Rurali, Nano Lett. 11, 2, 594-598 (2011) [6] I. Marri, M. Amato, S. Ossicini, S. Grillo, O. Pulci, Interplay of quantum confinement and strain effects in type I to type II transition in Ge/Si core-shell nanocrystals (submitted, 2022) [7] I. Marri, M. Amato, M. Bertocchi, A. Ferretti, D. Varsano, S. Ossicini, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 22, 25593-25605 (2020) [8] S. Pouch, M. Amato, M. Bertocchi, S. Ossicini, N. Chevalier, T. Mélin, J.M. Hartmann, O. Renault, V. Delaye, D. Mariolle, L. Borowik, J. Phys. Chem. C 119, 26776-26782 (2015)

Tujuan artikel ini untuk menjelaskan tentang kepemimpinan demokratis yang tepat untuk diterapkan di Madrasah. Masalah yang urgen di madrasah saat ini kepemimpinan belum menunjukkan yang demokratis. Adapun Metode pengumpulan data di penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan mengumpulkan jurnal, hasil penelitian, buku yang mendukung tema penelitian, diantaranya literatur tentang kepemimpinan yang meliputi bentuk kepemimpinan demokratis, dan model kepemimpinan demokratis. Sedangkan hasil penelitian ini mengambarkan bahwa kepemimpinan demokratis sangat dibutuhkan dan penting untuk mengatasi serta mewujudkan madrasah bermutu dimasa depan. Kata Kunci : kepemimpinan demokratis, madrasah DAFTAR RUJUKAN Akbar, N. (2017). Tipe dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Pendidikan dan Dakwah. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknik Dakwah Vol. 05 No. 09 , 41-62. Bass, Bernard M., dan Riggio, Ronald E. (2006). Transformational Leadership. New Jersey: Lawrence Elrbaun Associates, New York: Simmon and Schuster Basri.H. (2014). Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah. Pustaka Setia Fauzi, A., & Muali, C. (2018). Menelusuri Jejak dan Kiprah Kiai Mohammad Hasan Genggong; Dalam Membangun Kepemimpinan Spritual-Transformatif. Islam Nusantara , LTN PBNU, 2(1), 17–31 Gunawan, R. N. D. Dan L. (2018). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Performa: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Start-Up Bisnis, 3(3), 1. Hefniy. (2016). Kyai Leadership in Improving Organizational PErformance in Pesantren. Proceeding, 2nd ICET Theme:“Improving The Quality Of Education And Training Through Strengthening Networking,” 324 Hakim, A. R., & Yahya, M. (2014). Analisis Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi Kerja, Dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Guru (Studi Kasus Di SMA PPMI Assalam Surakarta). Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial, 24(1), 67–77 Hardono, Haryono, A. Y. (2017). Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah , Supervisi Akademik , Dan Motivasi Kerja Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru. Jurnal Unnes. Idawati. (2013). Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Dan Kinerja Guru. Jurnal Eklektika, 1(2), 162. Indra Yugusna, Azis Fathoni, A. T. H. (2016). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Dan Kedisiplinan Karyawan. Journal Of Management, 2(2), 1. Idris. M (2016). Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kedisiplinan Guru. Manajer Pendidikan, 10(04), 411–415. Kusmanto, (2013) Kepemimpinan Demokratis Kepala Sekolah Berbasis Ketamansiswaan, Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, Vol. 8, No. 2, Hal 122 – 148 Karwati, & Priansa, D. J. (2013). Kinerja Dan Profesionalisme Kepala Sekolah: Membangun Sekolah Yang Bermutu. Bandung: Alfabeta Kusmintardjo, Ubaidillah. M, Imron. A, & Budi.B. (2016). Principal Visionary Leadership In Organizational Culture. Proceeding ICET Vol.02 . Hal. 597-603 Laliasa, G., Nur, M., & Tambunan, R. (2018). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis , Lingkungan Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Perkebunan Dan Hortikultura Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Journal Of Economic And Business. Natalia. R, Djunaedi, dan Gunawan. L. (2018). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan demokratis terhadap kinerja karyawan. Performa: Jurnal Manajemen dan Start-Up Bisnis Volume 3, Nomor 3 Priyono, & Rahayu. A. (2016). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Pengembangan Karier Guru Smk Di Kabupaten Boyolali. E-Jurnal Ekonomi, 4(1), 25–44. Rohmat, (2010). Kepemimpinan Pendidikan Konsep Dan Aplikasi. Purwokerto: Stain Press. Susanti. Y. (2015). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Kantor Kecamatan Sungai Pinang Kota Samarinda. E-Journal Ilmu Administrasi Negara Vol.3 No. 1. Setiawan, A. (2017). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Partisipatif Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Motivasi Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja. AGORA Vol. 5 No. 3 Syamsidar, dan Listiya Y. (2019). Kepemimpinan demokratis dalam upaya meningkatkan motivasi kerja pegawai. Prosiding seminar nasional pendidikan program pascasarjana universitas pgri Palembang Sukma, O., & Hidayati. (2020). Analisis Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Terhadap Kinerja Guru Di Sdn 2 Bencah Kabupaten Bangka Selatan. Jurnal Administrasi Pendidikan, 27(2), 258–265. Https://Doi.Org/10.17509/Jap.V27i2.26429 Ubaidillah. M, & Wijoyo. I . (2016). Visionary leadership in entrepreneurship. The Third International Conference on Entrepreneurship. Hal. 355- 361 Ubaidillah, M. (2017). The competence head of junior high school national standard pondok pesantren based. International Research-Based Education Journal, Vol. 1 No. 2, Ubaidillah, U, Imron, A, Budi. B, Arifin, A. (2019). Inovation Leadership In Improving The Quality Of Quality Of Education. Jurnal IJMET. Vol.08. Hal.1288-199 Wahab, & Umiarso. (2011). Kepemimpinan Pendidikan dan Kecerdasan Spiritual. Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruz Media. Yunita. S, Khosiah. S, & Maryani. K. (2020) Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis Kepala Sekolah Terhadap Kinerja Guru PAUD. Jurnal Golden Age, Universitas Hamzanwadi Vol. 04 No. 1, Hal. 20-29 E-ISSN : 2549-7367

In the last years, nanostructures are widely used as dopants in liquid crystals to manipulate either their electrical or optical properties. In this work, we have analyzed the electrical response of a planar cell filled with a mixture of E7 liquid crystal doped with TiO2 nanoparticles. The effect of these dopants on the effective permittivity and conductivity of the cell has been studied in a wide frequency range at different temperatures. Full Text: PDF ReferencesP.J. Pinzón, I. Pérez, C. Vázquez and J.M.S. Pena, "Reconfigurable ????×????1×2 wavelength selective switch using high birefringence nematic liquid crystals", App.Opt. 51, pp.5960-5965 (2012) CrossRef C. Carrasco-Vela, X. Quintana, E.Otón, M.A. Geday, J.M. Otón, "Security devices based on liquid crystals doped with a colour dye", Opto?Electron. 19, pp.496-500 (2011). CrossRef J. Torrecilla, E. Ávila-Navarro, C. Marcos, V. Urruchi, J.M.S. Pena, J. Arias, M.M Sánchez-López, "Microwave Tunable Notch Filter Based on Liquid Crystal Using Spiral Spurline Technology", Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 55, 2420-2423 (2013). CrossRef G.B. Hadjichristov, Y. G. Marinov, A. G. Petrov, E. Bruno, L.Marino, N. Scaramuzzab, "Electro-Optics of Nematic/Gold Nanoparticles Composites: The Effect from Dopants", Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 610, 135?148 (2015). CrossRef T. Miyama, J. Thisayukta, H. Shiraki, Y. Sakai, Y. Shiraishi, N. Toshima, S. Kobayashi, "Fast Switching of Frequency Modulation Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Display Fabricated by Doping Nanoparticles and Its Mechanism", Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43, 2580 -2584 (2004). CrossRef W. T. Chen, P. S. Chen, C. Y. Chao, "Effect of Doped Insulating Nanoparticles on the Electro-Optical Characteristics of Nematic Liquid Crystals", Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48, 015006 (2009) CrossRef A. Siarkowska, M. Chychłowski, T.R. Woliński and A.Dybko. "Titanium nanoparticles doping of 5CB infiltrated microstructured optical fibers", Phot. Lett. Poland 8, 29-31 (2016). CrossRef O. Buchnev, A. Dyadyusha,M. Kaczmarek, V.Reshetnyak, Y. Reznikov, "Enhanced two-beam coupling in colloids of ferroelectric nanoparticles in liquid crystals", J. Opt. Soc. Am. 24, 1512-1516 (2004). CrossRef A. García-García, R. Vergaz, J.A. Algorri, X. Quintana, J.M. Otón, Beilstein J. "Electrical response of liquid crystal cells doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes", Nanotechnol. 6, 396?403 (2015). CrossRef R. Pratibha, K. Park, I.I. Smalyukh and W. Park, "Tunable optical metamaterial based on liquid crystal-gold nanosphere composite", Opt. Express 17,19459-19469 (2009). CrossRef J.C. Torres, B. Garcia-Camara, I. Perez, V. Urruchi, J.M. Sanchez-Pena, "Temperature-Phase Converter Based on a LC Cell as a Variable Capacitance", Sensors 15, 5594 ? 5608 (2015). CrossRef P. Kumar, A. Kishore and A, Sinha, "Effect of different concentrations of dopant titanium dioxide nanoparticles on electro-optic and dielectric properties of ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture ", Adv. Mater. Lett. 7, 104-110 (2016). CrossRef R.K. Shukla, C.M. Liebig, D.R. Evans, and W. Haase, "Electro-optical behaviour and dielectric dynamics of harvested ferroelectric LiNbO3 nanoparticle-doped ferroelectric liquid crystal nanocolloids", RSC Adv. 4, 18529-18536 (2014). CrossRef

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kepemimpinan transformasional kepala SDN 5 Menteng Palangka Raya yang dalam kurun waktu 3 tahun mampu merubah image sekolah “kumuh” menjadi sekolah kondusif untuk proses belajar dan mengajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan pola interaktif data meliputi: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Pengecekan keabsahan data yang diperoleh dilakukan dengan menggunakan derajat kepercayaan (credibility) melalui teknik triangulasi baik sumber maupun metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepala sekolah transformasional yang fokus dalam berpikir dan bertindak untuk mewujudkan pencapaian visi dan tujuan sekolah yang direalisasikan melalui berbagai program sekolah yang kreatif dan inovatif mampu meningkatkan kualitas sekolah sekaligus meningkatkan citra baik sekolah di mata masyarakat. Abstract: This study aims to describe the transformational leadership of the principal of SDN 5 Menteng Palangka Raya who is able within 3 years to change the image of a "slum" school into a conducive school for teaching and learning. This study used a qualitative approach with case study design. The data collection technique was done by means of observation, interviews, and studi of document. Data analysis using interactive data patterns includes: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Checking the validity of the data obtained is done by using a degree of trust (credibility) through triangulation techniques both sources and methods. The results showed that transformational school principals who focus on thinking and acting to achieve the vision and goals of the school which are realized through various creative and innovative school programs are able to improve the quality of the school as well as improve the good image of the school in the eyes of the community. References: Abu, S, N. (2014). Pembinaan Guru oleh Kepala Sekolah dalam Pengelolaan Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar. Bahana Manajemen Pendidikan, 2(1), 704-712. doi: https://doi.org/10.24036/bmp.v2i1.3816. Arcaro, J. (2007). Pendidikan Berbasis Mutu: Prinsip-Prinsip Perumusan dan Tata Langkah Penerapan. Terjemahan Yosai Triantara.Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Balyer, A. (2012). Transformational Leadership Behavior of School Principals: A Qualitative Research Based on Teachers’ Perceptions’. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 4(3), 581-591. Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational Leadershiop (2nd Eds). 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Visionary Leadership; Menuju Sekolah Efektif. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. Kuswaeri, I. (2016). Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah. TARBAWI, 2(2), 1-13. Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Analisis Data Kualitatif Buku Sumber Tentang Metode-Metode Baru. Jakarta: UI Press. Mulyasa, E. (2011). Menjadi Kepala Sekolah Professional. Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya. Nurdin. (2011). Manajemen Sekolah efektif dan Unggul. Jurnal Administrasi Pendidikan, 13(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.17509/jap.v13i1.6387. Octaviana, M., & Silalahi, D. K. (2016). Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah. Polyglot, 12(1), 1-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.19166/pji.v12i1.376. Rosita, R., Rahmat, M., & Hermawan W. (2016). Usaha Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Islam (Studi Kasus di MTS Al-Inayah Bandung). TARBAWY, 3(1), 75-89. Sadler, P. (1997). Leadership. London: Kogan Page Limited. Sunardi., Nugroho, P. J., & Setiawan. (2019). Kepemimpinan Instruksional Kepala Sekolah. 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Digital storytelling is often used in various contexts today, especially in the world of education. Many educators have followed this trend in early childhood education (ECE). This study examines the application of digital storytelling in ECE in Indonesia. Using a systematic literature review (SLR) a method, this research is a qualitative approach which is also known as a meta-synthesis. The literature reviewed was 15 articles from 56 articles that researchers found in the Google Scholar database. The results show that digital storytelling serves as an important method and medium to ensure children's learning experiences are enjoyable. In general, it is used in ECE in Indonesia through simple technology. This technology can enhance a story or fairy tale by making it more fun, interesting, communicative, and dramatic. However, the findings of this review of studies and methodological gaps have implications for ECE policy, practice, and research in Indonesia. Keywords: digital storytelling, early childhood education, storytelling trend in Indonesia References: Agosto, D. E. (2016). Why storytelling matters: Unveiling the literacy benefits of storytelling. Children and Libraries, 14(2), 21–26. Ahmad, I. F. (2022). Urgensi Literasi Digital di Indonesia pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis. Nusantara: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 2(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.14421/njpi.2022.v2i1-1 Aisha, I., & Kaloeti, D. V. S. (2021). Digital Storytelling Intervention on Prosocial Behavior Improvement among Early Childhood. Psympathic: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 7(2), 185–196. https://doi.org/10.15575/psy.v7i2.5713 Boltman, A., & Druin, A. (2001). Children’s storytelling technologies. Differences in Elaboration and Recall. Chambers, G. J., & Yunus, M. M. (2017). Enhancing Learners’ Sentence Constructions via ‘Wheel of Grammar’. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 25(4). 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Digital Storytelling Implementation for Enhancing Students’ Speaking Ability in Various Text Genres. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(4), 3147–3151. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.d8002.118419 Sadik, A. (2008). Digital storytelling: A meaningful technology-integrated approach for engaged student learning. Educational Technology Research and Development, 56(4), 487–506. Shelton, C. C., Archambault, L. M., & Hale, A. E. (2017). Bringing digital storytelling to the elementary classroom: Video production for preservice teachers. Journal of Digital Learning in Teacher Education, 33(2), 58–68. Smith, P. L., & Ragan, T. J. (2005). Instructional Design. John Wiley & Sons. Sulistianingsih, E. (2017). Efektifitas Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Dongeng Digital Untuk Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Emosi Peserta Didik. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, 34(2), 121–126. Tahriri, A., Tous, M. D., & MovahedFar, S. (2015). The impact of digital storytelling on EFL learners’ oracy skills and motivation. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 4(3), 144–153. Tatli, Z., Uğur, N., & Çakiroğlu, Ü. (2018). Peer assessment through digital storytelling: Experiences of pre-service IT teachers. The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology. Tri Aprilia, W., & Hasibuan, R. (2021). Pengaruh Dongeng Digital Terhadap Kemampuan Kosakata Bahasa Jawa Krama Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di Tk Dharma Wanita Ngimbang Lamongan. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 2(7), 1283–1294. https://doi.org/10.36418/japendi.v2i7.230 Tridinanti, G. (2017a). English Introduction Through Digital Storytelling in Early Childhood. Ijlecr - International Journal of Language Education and Culture Review, 3(1), 49–55. https://doi.org/10.21009/ijlecr.031.06 Tridinanti, G. (2017b). Enhancing Children’S English Vocabulary Acquisition Through Digital Storytelling of Happy Kids Kindergarten of Palembang. 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Advanced energy storage technologies such as lithium-ion batteries have enabled the development of ubiquitous portable electronic devices and are critical to the development and widespread adoption of practical electric vehicles. While lithium-ion batteries represent the most advanced energy storage technology currently available commercially, the desire for significant improvement in energy density and cost has led to a strong interest in so-called “beyond lithium-ion” batteries such as sodium, lithium-air, lithium-sulfur, multivalent batteries and solid-state batteries. In this talk, I will guide you on an odyssey toward post li-ion batteries. In particular, we will travel through the peaks and valleys of multivalent1-4, lithium-sulfur5-8, and all-solid-state batteries9-12. References: Kim, H. S.; Arthur, T. S.; Allred, G. D.; Zajicek, J.; Newman, J. G.; Rodnyansky, A. E.; Oliver, A. G.; Boggess, W. C.; Muldoon, J. Nat. Commun. 2011, 2, 427. Muldoon, J.; B. Bucur, C.; G. Oliver, A.; Sugimoto, T.; Matsui, M.; Soo Kim, H.; D. Allred, G.; Zajicek, J.; Kotani, Y. Energy & Environmental Science 2012, 5 (3), 5941–5950. Muldoon, J.; Bucur, C. B.; Gregory, T. Chem. Rev. 2014, 114 (23), 11683–11720. Bonnick, P.; Muldoon, J. Advanced Functional Materials 2020, 30 (21), 1910510. Bucur, C. B.; Muldoon, J.; Lita, A. Energy Environ. Sci. 2016, 9 (3), 992–998. Bonnick, P.; Nagai, E.; Muldoon, J. Electrochem. Soc. 2018, 165 (1), A600. Bonnick, P.; Muldoon, J. Energy Environ. Sci. 2020, 13 (12), 4808–4833. Osada, N.; Bucur, C. B.; Aso, H.; Muldoon, J. Energy Environ. Sci. 2016, 9 (5), 1668–1673. Bonnick, P.; Niitani, K.; Nose, M.; Suto, K.; S. Arthur, T.; Muldoon, J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7 (42), 24173–24179. Bonnick, P.; Muldoon, J. Energy Environ. Sci. 2022, 15, 1840-1860. Muldoon, J.; Bucur, C. B.; Boaretto, N.; Gregory, T.; Di Noto, V. Polym. Rev. 2015, 55 (2), 208–246. Suto, K.; Bonnick, P.; Nagai, E.; Niitani, K.; Arthur, T. S.; Muldoon, J. Mater. Chem. A 2018, 6 (43), 21261–21265.

1. Vlasov Yu. L. Problemy tlumachennia norm prava : avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: spets. 12.00.01 «Teoriia ta istoriia derzhavy i prava; istoriia polit. i pravovykh vchen». Kyiv, 2000. 17 s. 2. Malenta V. S. Neofitsiine tlumachennia norm prava : avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: spets. 12.00.01 «Teoriia ta istoriia derzhavy i prava; istoriia polit. i pravovykh vchen». Kyiv, 2010. 16 s. 3. Molyboha M. P. Tlumachennia (interpretatsiia) pravovykh norm: naukove ta praktychne znachennia : avtoreferat dys.… kand. yuryd. nauk: spets. 12.00.01 «Teoriia ta istoriia derzhavy i prava; istoriia polit. i pravovykh vchen». Kyiv,2010. 20 s. 4. Paleshnyk S. I. Tlumachennia v sudovii praktytsi: poniattia, osoblyvosti, vydy : avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: spets. 12.00.01 «Teoriia ta istoriia derzhavy i prava; istoriia polit. i pravovykh vchen». Kharkiv, 2016. 19 s. 5. Pryima S. V. Pryntsypy tlumachennia norm prava : avtoreferat dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: spets. 12.00.01 «Teoriia ta istoriia derzhavy i prava; istoriia polit. i pravovykh vchen». Kharkiv, 2011. 18 s. 6. Chulinda L. I. Yurydychno-linhvistychne tlumachennia tekstiv normatyvno-pravovykh aktiv : avtoref. dys. … kand.yuryd. nauk: spets. 12.00.01 «Teoriia ta istoriia derzhavy i prava; istoriia polit. i pravovykh vchen». Kyiv, 2003. 20 s. 7. Slidenko I. D. Tlumachennia Konstytutsii Ukrainy: pytannia teorii i praktyky v konteksti svitovoho dosvidu : avtoref.dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: spets. 12.00.02 «Konstytutsiine pravo». Odesa, 2001. 22 s. 8. Bohdanevych T. S. Ofitsiine tlumachennia Osnovnoho Zakonu Konstytutsiinym Sudom Ukrainy : dys. … d-ra filosofii za spets. (081-Pravo). Kyiv, 2019. 256 s. 9. Kontseptsiia administratyvnoi reformy v Ukraini: Zatverdzhena Ukazom Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 22 lypnia 1998 roku № 810/98. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/810/98?find=1&text=%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80#w13 (data zvernennya 19.06.2021) 10. Kontseptsiia derzhavnoi rehionalnoi polityky: Zatverdzhena Ukazom Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 25 travnia 2001 roku № 341/2001. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/161/2010?find=1&text=%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80 (data zvernennya 19.06.2021). 11. Zakon Ukrainy «Pro zasady derzhavnoi rehionalnoi polityky» vid 5 liutoho 2015 roku. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2015. № 13. st. 90. 12. Kontseptsiia derzhavnoi movnoi polityky: Skhvalena Ukazom Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 15 liutoho 2010 roku№ 161/2010. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/161/2010?find=1&text=%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80 (data zvernennia 19.06.2021). 13. Zakon Ukrainy «Pro zabezpechennia funktsionuvannia ukrainskoi movy yak derzhavnoi» vid 25 kvitnia 2019 roku. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2019. № 21. St. 81. 14.Kalakura Ya. S. Ukrainska sobornist yak istoriohrafichna problema. Sobornist yak chynnyk ukrainskoho derzhavotvorennia (do 90-richchia Aktu zluky) : zbirnyk materialiv Vseukrainskoi naukovoi konferentsii (m. Kyiv, 21 sichnia 2009 r.). Kyiv, 2009. S. 63–67. 15. Ukrainsko-rosiiski vidnosyny: Test na politychnu zrilist. Analitychna dopovid. URL: https://ukraine-russia.wf.org.ua/4/?fbclid=IwAR2iCBmeAMxCUtNT_faSiCJxYptmhTAR0bRqro7DlxwGasry85NCWGSPMY0(data zvernennia 19.06.2021). 16. Dugin A. G. Osnovy geopolitiki. Moskva : Arktogeya, 1997. 591 s.

The influence of family, school and peers on students' emotional social development is very important as a starting point for the design of school activities that will also improve student development in an integral way. The Star of the Week program was developed with the aim of helping students apply the knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to socialize and understand and manage emotions. This study uses the Thiagarajan model stages, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate (4D). The results of the validity test from the experts show that this program has workable value with 91.1% material aspects, 90% emotional development aspects and 92% presentation aspects. For the practicality test results through teacher questionnaires obtained scores of 90%, and 88.67% through teacher observations of children who are in the high practical category. The results of the program effectiveness test showed a value of 89.08% on children's social-emotional development, because it showed an increase in values ​​before and after the intervention. The implication of further research is that it is hoped that various kinds of learning methods will develop aspects of child development based on cooperation and peer relationships. Keywords: Early Childhood, Peer Relationships, Star of the Week Program, Social Emotional References Acar, I. H., Hong, S. Y., & Wu, C. R. (2017). Examining the role of teacher presence and scaffolding in preschoolers’ peer interactions. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 25(6), 866–884. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2017.1380884 Acar, I. H., Rudasill, K. M., Molfese, V., Torquati, J., & Prokasky, A. (2015). Temperament and preschool children’s peer interactions. Early Education and Development, 26(4), 479–495. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2015.1000718 Akhir, K., & Wisz, M. S. (2018). 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Climate change induced sea-level rise (SLR) is on its increase globally. Regionally the lowlands of China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, and islands of the Malaysian, Indonesian and Philippine archipelagos are among the world’s most threatened regions. Sea-level rise has major impacts on the ecosystems and society. It threatens coastal populations, economic activities, and fragile ecosystems as mangroves, coastal salt-marches and wetlands. This paper provides a summary of the current state of knowledge of sea level-rise and its effects on both human and natural ecosystems. The focus is on coastal urban areas and low lying deltas in South-East Asia and Vietnam, as one of the most threatened areas in the world. About 3 mm per year reflects the growing consensus on the average SLR worldwide. The trend speeds up during recent decades. The figures are subject to local, temporal and methodological variation. In Vietnam the average values of 3.3 mm per year during the 1993-2014 period are above the worldwide average. Although a basic conceptual understanding exists that the increasing global frequency of the strongest tropical cyclones is related with the increasing temperature and SLR, this relationship is insufficiently understood. Moreover the precise, complex environmental, economic, social, and health impacts are currently unclear. SLR, storms and changing precipitation patterns increase flood risks, in particular in urban areas. Part of the current scientific debate is on how urban agglomeration can be made more resilient to flood risks. Where originally mainly technical interventions dominated this discussion, it becomes increasingly clear that proactive special planning, flood defense, flood risk mitigation, flood preparation, and flood recovery are important, but costly instruments. Next to the main focus on SLR and its effects on resilience, the paper reviews main SLR associated impacts: Floods and inundation, salinization, shoreline change, and effects on mangroves and wetlands. The hazards of SLR related floods increase fastest in urban areas. This is related with both the increasing surface major cities are expected to occupy during the decades to come and the increasing coastal population. In particular Asia and its megacities in the southern part of the continent are increasingly at risk. The discussion points to complexity, inter-disciplinarity, and the related uncertainty, as core characteristics. An integrated combination of mitigation, adaptation and resilience measures is currently considered as the most indicated way to resist SLR today and in the near future.References Aerts J.C.J.H., Hassan A., Savenije H.H.G., Khan M.F., 2000. Using GIS tools and rapid assessment techniques for determining salt intrusion: Stream a river basin management instrument. 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Ключові слова: Російська імперія першої половини XVIIІ ст., реформи Петра І, самодержавство,абсолютна монархія, мілітаризм. На основі аналізу історичних досліджень поданий неупереджений погляд на передумови, хід, наслідкиспроб Петра І модернізувати Російську державу й суспільство на початку XVIIІ ст. Аналізується еволюціяпоглядів істориків різних епох щодо особистості Петра, причин, умов, характеру, мотиваційних чинників, щовпливали на прийняття ним тих чи інших рішень щодо проведення реформ.У результаті проведеного дослідження визначені основні риси суспільно-політичних трансформацій вРосійській імперії першої половини XVIIІ ст., акцентовано увагу на спростування радянських та сучаснихросійських міфів щодо розвитку імперської, самодержавної моделі Росії, показані тенденції в економіці,державному управлінні, характері влади, взаєминах між владою та її підданими, у культурі, ментальності, яківизначали поведінку тодішньої «еліти» та населення країни, і надалі є характерними для сучасної Росії(імперське мислення, неповага до закону, обмеження прав і свобод громадян, панування в суспільстві страху,насилля, віри в непогрішність влади, культурне невігластво тощо). Посилання Аnderson, 1997 – Anderson M. S. Petr Velikij / per. s angl. V.P. Belonozhko. [Peter the Great]. 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ABSTRAK Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki secara empiris pengaruh dari variabel makroekonomi, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM), dan jumlah penduduk terhadap penghimpunan zakat di ASEAN periode 2010-2020. Faktor makroekonomi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi Inflasi dan Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB). Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan regresi data panel untuk mengestimasi model empiris dengan melibatkan empat negara di ASEAN diantaranya Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura, dan Brunei Darussalam. Dalam artikel ini juga menemukan bahwa model terbaik yang digunakan yakni Fixed Effect Model. Hasil penelitian artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel IPM dan jumlah penduduk memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penghimpunan zakat pada empat negara di ASEAN. Sementara untuk variabel makroekonomi yang diproksikan dengan inflasi dan PDB menunjukkan hasil bahwa tingkat inflasi tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan, sedangkan PDB memiliki pengaruh negatif dan secara statistik signifikan terhadap penghimpunan zakat. Adapun rekomendasi yang diungkapkan dalam artikel ini yang ditujukan untuk lembaga pengelola zakat masing-masing negara adalah dengan menciptakan sebuah program kerja zakat yang dapat memaksimalkan potensi zakat masing-masing negara, namun harus disertai dengan adanya dukungan dari pemerintah melalui kebijakan yang dikeluarkan sehingga dapat memaksimalkan penghimpunan zakat di empat negara tersebut. Kata kunci: Penghimpunan Zakat, Makroekonomi, Indek Pembangunan Manusia, Jumlah Penduduk. ABSTRACT This article aims to empirically investigate the effect of macroeconomic variables, the Human Development Index (HDI), and population on zakat collection in ASEAN for the 2010-2020 period. Macroeconomic factors used in this study include Inflation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The approach used in this study is quantitative using panel data regression to estimate the empirical model involving four countries in ASEAN including Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei Darussalam. This article also finds that the best model used is the Fixed Effect Model. The results of this article show that the HDI variable and population have a positive and significant influence on zakat collection in four ASEAN countries. Meanwhile, the macroeconomic variables proxied by inflation and GDP show that the inflation rate does not have a significant effect, while GDP has a negative and statistically significant effect on zakat collection. The recommendations expressed in this article aimed at zakat management institutions in each country are to create a zakat work program that can maximize the zakat potential of each country, but must be accompanied by support from the government through policies issued so as to maximize the collection of zakat. zakat in these four countries. Keywords: Collection of Zakat, Macroeconomics, Human Development Index, Population. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Afifah, N. (2017). Pengaruh produk domestik bruto (PDB) dan indeks pembangunan manusia (IPM) terhadap jumlah penghimpunan dana zakat, infaq dan shadaqah (ZIS) di Indonesia tahun 2010 - 2015. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Tulungagung: UIN SATU. Ahmad, Z. M. (2011). Pengaruh indikator makroekonomi terhadap besarnya jumlah zakat yang terkumpul di lembaga amil zakat dompet dhuafa republika tahun 1993 – 2009. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Depok: Universitas Indonesia. Ahmaddien, I., & Susanto, B. (2020). Eviews 9: Analisis regresi data panel. 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Knowledge about clean and healthy life in children needs to be given early to shape behavior in everyday life. Knowledge about healthy living can be provided at school through various learning programs. This study aims to find the effectiveness of health promotion programs (JUMSIH) to increase children's knowledge about clean and healthy living. The research method is a pre-experimental one-shot case study design. The respondents of this study were 68 students aged 7-8 years. The results showed that the JUMSIH program can help children have knowledge about healthy living. Based on data analysis, n = 15 generally obtained scores above 2.6. It was concluded that healthy living skills are often performed by students such as hand washing, bathing, and toothbrush behavior which are basic skills for children to be able to live healthy lives. Suggestions for further research which is the development of various programs to increase awareness of clean and healthy living from an early age. 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The article deals with issues related to colored lighting occurring in urban space. On the example of the Colosseum Amphitheatre 3D model, applications of colorful illumination were shown and the rationale for using color in individual cases was discussed. The aim of the article is to draw attention to proper planning and modernization of lighting to limit the negative interference of light in the ecosystem. Full Text: PDF ReferencesP. R. Boyce, "The benefits of light at night", Building and Environment, 151, 356-367 (2019) CrossRef Y. Hu,T. Zhang ,J. Chen, D. Ma ,C. Cheng, " Hybrid Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Low Color-Temperature and High Efficiency for Physiologically- Friendly Night Illumination", Israel Journal of Chemistry, 54, 979-985 (2014) CrossRef W. Jernarczyk, "Dwa oblicza światła", Kosmos, 64, 625-632 (2015) DirectLink J.D.Bullough, M.S Mies, "The blue-light hazard:A review", Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society,29, 6-14 (2013) CrossRef M. Rivas., P.T. Santidrian, J. U. Dieguez, A. Marco, " Leatherback hatchling sea-finding in response to artificial lighting:Interaction between wavelenght and moonlight", Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 463, 143-149 (2015) CrossRef S. Marcinkowska, E. Tęgowska, "Oddziaływanie światła o różnym spectrum na bezkręgowce zmierzchu I pełnego dnia", Kosmos, 64, 589-597 (2015) DirectLink P. Jakubowski, "Wpływ rozkładu widmowego mocy promienistej ulicznych opraw oświetleniowych typu LED na zanieczyszczenie światłem otoczenia", Kosmos, 64, 643-653 (2015) DirectLink K. Skarżyński, "Iluminacja obiektów architektonicznych a zanieczyszczenie środowiska światłem", Kosmos, 64, 553-562 (2015) DirectLink P. Tabaka, I. Fryc, "Zależność poziomu zanieczyszczenia otoczenia światłem od kształtu krzywej użytkowanej oprawy oświetleniowej", Kosmos, 64, 669-677 (2015) DirectLink W.Żagan, K.Skarżyński, "Analysis of light pollution from floodlighting: Is there a different approach to floodlighting?", Light and Engineering, 25, 75-82 (2017) DirectLink J.Kowalska, "Zanieczyszczenie światłem barwnym obrazu miast", Polish Journal for Sustainable Development, 21, 69-76 (2017) CrossRef C.Gardner, "The use and misuse of coloured lighting in the urban enviroment", Optics&Laser Technology, 38, 366-376 (2006) CrossRef

[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT Historical analysis made by the author shows that the emergence of new t ransport communications contributes to creation of new major economic and cultural centers, while traditional centers, which turned away from traffic flows, lose their meaning. Research of transport conditions in pre-Columbian America (absence of wheel, horse-drawn, with the exception for the Central Andean region, and horse transport, a lower level of water communications development in comparison with the Old World) allows us to conclude that the lack of vehicles and the lack of private initiative in transport sector essentially limited the possibilities of social and economic growth in ancient civilizations. Keywords: transport, socio-economic development, communication lines, ancient civilization, economic history, institutions. REFERENCES 1. Mises, L. von. Socialism. 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Ensuring that Older People have good quality of life is one of the major goals of any caregiver. Caregivers, which includes nurses, must be holistic in their provision of care to meet such a goal. Since one of the dimensions of quality of life is spirituality, these researchers sought to describe if any relationship exists between the caregivers’ spiritual care practices and the quality of life of the older people in their care. Institutionalized older people were surveyed using the Nurse Spiritual Care Therapeutics scale and WHO Quality of Life for Filipino Older People to measure the spiritual care practices of caregivers and the quality of life of Older People, respectively. Results show no significant relationship between the two variables, which may be due to the fact that quality of life is composed of several dimensions, in which spirituality is only one, and is multi-factorial in nature; suggesting that quality of life is influenced by several factors and how these factors interplay ultimately determine the quality of life of Older People. The researchers recommend that a mixed-method approach be used to further understand the lack of direct relationship between the two variables. References Abbasi, M., Farahani-Nia, M., Mehrdad, N., Azamgivari, and Haghani, H. (2014). Nursing students’ spiritual well-being, spirituality and spiritual care. Iran Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research. 2014 May-Jun; 19(3): 242-247.Almeida-Brasil, C. C., Silveira, M. R., Silva, K. R., Lima, M. G., Faria, C. D. C. de M., Cardoso, C. L., Menzel, H.-J. K., Ceccato, M. das G. B. (2017). Qualidade de vida e características associadas: aplicação do WHOQOL-BREF no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 22(5), 1705-1716. doi:10.1590/1413-81232017225.20362015Bai, M., & Lazenby, M. (2015). A systematic review of associations between spiritual well-being and quality of life at the scale and factor levels in studies among patients with cancer. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 18(3), 286-298. doi:10.1089/jpm.2014.0189Baldacchino, D. R. (2006). Nursing competencies for spiritual care. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 15(7), 885-896. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01643.xBerman, A., and Snyder, S. (2012). Kozier & Erb’s Fundamentals of nursing: concepts, process, and practice, 9th ed. WY: Pearson Canada, A. L., Murphy, P. E., Fitchett, G., & Stein, K. (2015). Reexamining the Contributions of Faith, Meaning, and Peace to Quality of Life: a Report from the American Cancer Society’s Studies of Cancer Survivors-II (SCS-II). Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 50(1), 79-86. doi:10.1007/s12160-015-9735-yCarpenter, K., Girvin, L., Kitner, W., & Ruth-Sahd, L. A. (2008). Spirituality. dimensions of critical care nursing, 27(1), 16-20.doi:10.1097/01.dcc.0000304668.99121Chen, J., Lin, Y., Yan, J., Wu, Y., and Hu, R. (2018). The effects of spiritual care on quality of life and spiritual well-being among patients with terminal illness: A systematic review. Palliative Medicine, 1-13. doi: 10.1177/0269216318772267 Chen, Y.-H., Lin, L.-C., Chuang, L.-L., & Chen, M.-L. (2017). The relationship of physiopsychosocial factors and spiritual wellbeingin elderly residents: Implications for evidence-based practice. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 14(6), 484-491. doi:10.1111/wvn.12243Counted, V., Possamai, A., & Meade, T. (2018). Relational spirituality and quality of life 2007 to 2017: an integrative research review.health and quality of life outcomes, 16(1). doi:10.1186/s12955-018-0895-xCrimmins, EM (2015). Lifespan and healthspan: Past, preseny, promise. Gerontologist, 55(6):901-11. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnv130De Araújo, A. A., Rebouças Barbosa, R. A. S., de Menezes, M. S. S., de Medeiros, I. I. F., de Araújo, R. F., & de Medeiros, C. A. C. X. (2015). Quality of life, family support, and comorbidities in institutionalized elders with and without symptoms of depression. Psychiatric Quarterly, 87(2), 281-291. doi:10.1007/s11126-015-9386-yDe Almeida Moreira, P., Roriz, A. K. C., Mello, A. L., & Ramos, L. B. (2015). Quality of life of institutionalized elderly in Brazil. SocialIndicators Research, 126(1), 187-197. doi:10.1007/s11205-015-0888-7Fernández-Mayoralas, G., Rojo-Pérez, F., Martínez-Martín, P., Prieto-Flores, M.-E., Rodríguez-Blázquez, C., Martín-García, S., Rojo-Abuín, J.-M. and Forjaz, M.-J. (2015). Active ageing and quality of life: factors associated with participation in leisure activities among institutionalized older adults, with and without dementia. Aging & Mental Health, 19(11), 1031-1041. doi:10.1080/13607863.2014.996734Garcia, L.M.R., and Navarro, J.M.R. (2018). The impact of quality of life on the health of older people from a multidimensional perspective. Journal of Aging Research. 2018: 4086294. doi: 10.1155/2018/4086294Goldberg, B. (1998). Connection: an exploration of spirituality in nursing care. Journal of advanced nursing, 27(4):836-42. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1998.00596.x Haugan, G. (2014). The relationship between nurse–patient interaction and meaning-in-life in cognitively intact nursing home patients.Journal of Advanced Nursing 70(1), 107-120. doi: 10.1111/jan.12173Jacobs, J. (2009). Quality of life: what does it mean for general practice? British Journal of General Practice, 59(568), 807-808. doi:10.3399/bjgp09x472854Kalish, N. (2012). Evidence-based spiritual care: a literature review. 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Este artículo de reflexión es el resultado de la revisión analítica, interpretativa y crítica de los documentos, leyes y jurisprudencia relacionada con el derecho al olvido de los pederastas, la pedofilia y la pederastia, cumpliendo con los objetivos principales de clarificar los conceptos objeto de discusión y formular posibles alternativas frente a las escasas limitaciones para la vinculación al mercado laboral de quienes han sido condenados por delitos sexuales contra menores de catorce años. Mediante la utilización del tipo de investigación dogmática, descriptiva y de análisis estático de precedente se logró concluir que la pedofilia, al ser una enfermedad incurable, debe ser tratada con el fin de evitar su materialización en la pederastia y, como medida preventiva de delitos, el Congreso de la República de Colombia ostenta la misión de reglar el manejo de las bases de datos de los condenados por estos delitos a través de una ley estatutaria. Referencias American Psychiatric Association. (2014). DSM-5. Guía de Consulta de los Criterios Diagnósticos del DSM-5. Argentina: Editorial Médica Panamericana.Bertini, C., De Luca, S., Fariña, N., Ganduglia, A. y Sisini, N. (2005). El maltrato hacia los niños. En Giberti, E. (Comp.), Abuso sexual y malos tratos contra niños, niñas y adolescentes. Perspectiva psicosocial y social (239-258). Buenos Aires, Argentina: Espacio Editorial.Bohórquez, L. y Bohórquez, J. (2008). Diccionario Jurídico Colombiano (8a. ed.). Bogotá, Colombia: Editora Jurídica Nacional.Botero Martínez, J. (2014). Sobre la Inimputabilidad: ¿Algo más que decir? ¿Los estados similares son una causal autónoma o amplificadora de la inimputabilidad? Sentido y alcance de los “estados similares”. Opinión Jurídica, 13(25), 207-208.Botero Bernal, J. (Comp.). (2018). Código Penal Colombiano (Ley 599 de 2000). Recuperado de http://perso.unifr.ch/derechopenal/assets/files/legislacion/l_20160208_02.pdfCastillero, O. (s.f.). Diferencias entre pedofilia y pederastia. Recuperado de https://psicologiaymente.net/clinica/diferencias-pedofilia-pederastiaCongreso de la República de Colombia. (s.f.). Proyecto de Ley “por el cual se tutela el derecho al libre desarrollo sexual de las niñas y niños menores de 14 años”. Recuperado de http://www.legisaldia.com/BancoMedios/Archivos/pl-041-16c-base-de-datos-pedofilos.pdf-------. (1991). Ley 12 de 1991 “por medio de la cual se aprueba la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño adoptada por la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas el 20 de noviembre de 1989”. Recuperado de https://www.unidadvictimas.gov.co/sites/default/files/documentosbiblioteca/ley-12-de-1991.pdf-------. (1993). Ley 65 de 1993 “por la cual se expide el Código Penitenciario y Carcelario”. Recuperado de http://wp.presidencia.gov.co/sitios/normativa/leyes/Documents/Juridica/Ley%2065%20de%201993.pdf-------. (2000). Ley 599 de 2000 “por la cual se expide el Código Penal”. Recuperado de https://www.unodc.org/res/cld/legislation/can/codigo-penal_html/Codigo_Penal.pdf-------. (2002). Ley 734 de 2002 “por la cual se expide el Código Disciplinario Único”. Recuperado de http://secretariageneral.gov.co/transparencia/marco-legal/normatividad/ley-734-2002-------. (2004). Ley 890 de 2004 “aplicable a procesos de Ley 600 de 2000”. Recuperado de http://www.cortesuprema.gov.co/corte/index.php/2018/05/10/ley-890-de-2004-aplicable-a-procesos-de-ley-600-de-2000/-------. (2006). Ley 1098 de 2006 “por la cual se expide el Código de la Infancia y la Adolescencia”. Recuperado de https://www.icbf.gov.co/cargues/avance/docs/ley_1098_2006.htm-------. (2008). Ley 1236 de 2008 “por medio de la cual se modifica algunos artículos del Código Penal relativos a delitos de abuso sexual”. Recuperado de http://www.oas.org/dil/esp/ley_1236_de_2008_colombia.pdf-------. (2009). 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В статье дается новая попытка прочтения древнетюркских рунических надписей Кулжабасы I и II, а также обсуждаются возможности их датировки и атрибуции на основе комплексного анализа имеющихся данных. Авторами анализируются особенности надписей и археологический контекст их обнаружения. Предпринята попытка выделить особенности графического фонда надписей Кулжабасы в общем контексте памятников древнетюркской рунической письменности азиатского ареала. В составе археологического ландшафта гор Кулжабасы обе рунические надписи локализуются в двух обособленных районах концентрации средневековых памятников (зимних стоянок кочевников, могильников, ритуальных оград с изваяниями, петроглифов «престижной» тематики), вблизи крупных стоянок, отмеченных наскальными изображениями однотипных знаков (тамга). Археологический контекст Кулжабасы I позволяет датировать надпись не ранее второй половины VIII в. или IX–X вв. 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AbstractIn this chapter the authors discuss the personal scope of the Directive on the Posting of Workers (Dir 96/71/EC) and the implementation thereof in the Member States. The comparative findings are based on two studies conducted by the authors on behalf of the European Commission in 2010/2011. The authors argue that the concepts of ‘posting’ and ‘posted worker’ are crucial for a proper understanding of the scope of application of the Directive and its interaction with the Rome I Regulation on the applicable law to contractual obligations (Reg 593/2008). A clear and enforceable demarcation of the personal scope will help the Member States to combat abuse of the freedom to provide services and to distinguish more clearly between posting and other types of labour mobility. The proposal submitted by the European Commission to that effect (COM (2012) 131) is judged to be an important step in the right direction.

Context: The advent of Web-based sports injury surveillance via programs such as the High School Reporting Information Online system and the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program has aided the acquisition of boys' and men's soccer injury data. Objective: To describe the epidemiology of injuries sustained in high school boys' soccer in the 2005–2006 through 2013–2014 academic years and collegiate men's soccer in the 2004–2005 through 2013–2014 academic years using Web-based sports injury surveillance. Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting: Online injury surveillance from soccer teams of high school boys (annual average = 100) and collegiate men (annual average = 41). Patients or Other Participants: Boys' or men's soccer players who participated in practices and competitions during the 2005–2006 through 2013–2014 academic years in high school and the 2004–2005 through 2013–2014 academic years in college, respectively. Main Outcome Measure(s): Athletic trainers collected time-loss (≥24 hours) injury and exposure data. Injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs), injury rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and injury proportions by body site and diagnosis were calculated. Results: High School Reporting Information Online documented 2912 time-loss injuries during 1 592 238 AEs; the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program documented 4765 time-loss injuries during 686 918 AEs. The injury rate was higher in college than in high school (6.94 versus 1.83/1000 AEs; IRR = 3.79; 95% CI = 3.62, 3.97). Injury rates increased with smaller school size for high schools and were higher in Division I than in Divisions II and III. The injury rate was higher during competitions than during practices in both high school (IRR = 3.55; 95% CI = 3.30, 3.83) and college (IRR = 3.45; 95% CI = 3.26, 3.65). Most injuries were to the lower extremity. However, concussion was a common injury, particularly in collegiate goalkeepers and at all positions for high school players. Concussions accounted for more than one-fifth of injuries in high school games. Conclusions: Injury-prevention interventions should be tailored to reflect variations in the incidence and type of injury by level of competition, event type, and position.

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Bullying behaviour can have a negative impact on a child's physical and psychological health. Bullying in the classroom is a challenge for early-childhood educators. Preschool is the first place outside the home where children face social challenges when interacting with their classmates. Child-Friendly Class is the first step and part of the Children Friendly School (CSF) as a UNICEF program and an important Indonesian government policy to prevent the emergence of child bullying behaviour. This study aims to identify needs in the process of developing a Child-Friendly Classroom Management model to anticipate bullying behaviour. This research and development method uses an adaptation of the Rowntree model which includes three stages of the process and data collection techniques using interviews, questionnaires, and observation. The results of this study indicate that the preparation of an effective classroom management guidebook to create child-friendly classes needs to be followed up immediately. Several findings related to teachers' perceptions of classroom management, and child-friendly classes prove that child-friendly classes have not been implemented properly in PAUD institutions, with bullying behaviour still appearing in early childhood in PAUD institutions. PAUD teachers understand that it is important to implement classroom management but so far there has been no manual on how to manage effective classrooms as well as training related to the implementation of effective classroom management. The creation of child-friendly classes is believed to be able to help teachers suppress the emergence of bullying behaviour in early childhood. Keywords: Child-Friendly Classroom Management, Bullying Prevention, Early Childhood Education References: Allday, R. A., Hinkson-Lee, K., Hudson, T. M., Neilsen-Gatti, S., Kleinke, A., & Russel, C. S. (2012). Training General Educators to Increase Behavior-Specific Praise: Effects on Students with EBD. Behavioral Disorders, 37, 87–98. Alsaker, F. D., & Valkanover, S. (2012). The Bernese Program against Victimization in Kindergarten and Elementary School. New Directions for Youth Development, 2012(133), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/yd.20004 Arseneault, L., Walsh, E., Trzesniewski, K., Newcombe, R., Caspi, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (2006). Bullying Victimization Uniquely Contributes to Adjustment Problems in Young Children: A Nationally Representative Cohort Study. PEDIATRICS, 118(1), 130–138. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-2388 Benedict, E., Horner, R. H., & Squires, J. (2007). Assessment and Implementation of Positive Behavior Support in Preschools. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 27, 174–192. Boz, Y. (2008). Turkish student teachers’ concerns about teaching. 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(2003). “This is kind of giving a secret away...”: Students’ perspectives on effective class management. Teaching and Teacher Education, 19(4), 435–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-051X(03)00027-1 Cross, D., Monks, H., Hall, M., Shaw, T., Pintabona, Y., Erceg, E., Hamilton, G., Roberts, C., Waters, S., & Lester, L. (2011). Three‐year results of the Friendly Schools whole‐of‐school intervention on children’s bullying behaviour. British Educational Research Journal, 37(1), 105–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/01411920903420024 Cross, D., Pintabona, Y., Hall, M., Hamilton, G., & Erceg, E. (2004). Validated Guidelines for School-Based Bullying Prevention and Management. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 6(3), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2004.9721937 Cross, D., Runions, K. C., Shaw, T., Wong, J. W. Y., Campbell, M., Pearce, N., Burns, S., Lester, L., Barnes, A., & Resnicow, K. (2019). Friendly Schools Universal Bullying Prevention Intervention: Effectiveness with Secondary School Students. International Journal of Bullying Prevention, 1(1), 45–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-018-0004-z Evertson, C. M., & Weinstein, C. S. (2012). Handbook of Classroom Management: Research, Practice, and Contemporary Issues. Fox, B. H., Farrington, D. P., & Ttofi, M. M. (2012). Successful Bullying Prevention Programs: Influence of Research Design, Implementation Features, and Program Components. Research Design, 6, 10. Georgiou, S. N. (2008). Bullying and victimization at school: The role of mothers. The British Journal of Educational Psychology, 78 Pt 1, 109–125. Hammarberg, T. (1998). A School for Children with Rights. UNICEF International Child Development Centre. Hymel, S., & Swearer, S. M. (2015). Four decades of research on school bullying: An introduction. American Psychologist, 70(4), 293–299. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038928 Johansen, A., Little, S. G., & Akin-Little, A. (2011). An Examination of New Zealand Teachers’ Attributions and Perceptions of Behaviour, Classroom Management, and the Level of Formal Teacher Training Received in Behaviour Management. King, E. (2020). Implications for the child friendly schools policy within Cambodia’s cultural and primary school context. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 48(4), 375–388. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359866X.2019.1645811 Kirves, L., & Sajaniemi, N. (2012). Bullying in early educational settings. Early Child Development and Care,182(3–4), 383–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2011.646724 MacSuga, A. S., & Simonsen, B. (2011). Increasing Teachers’ Use of Evidence-Based Classroom Management Strategies through Consultation: Overview and Case Studies. Beyond Behavior, 20, 4–12. Maida, P. (2006). Child-Friendly-School-Manual. UNICEF. Modipane, M., & Themane, M. (2014). Teachers’ social capital as a resource for curriculum development: Lessons learnt in the implementation of a Child-Friendly Schools programme. South African Journal of Education, 34(4), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.15700/201412052105 Monks, C. P., Smith, P. K., & Swettenham, J. (2005). Psychological correlates of peer victimisation in preschool: Social cognitive skills, executive function and attachment profiles. Aggressive Behavior, 31(6), 571–588. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.20099 Olweus, D. (1994). Bullying at School: Basic Facts and Effects of a School Based Intervention Program. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35(7), 1171–1190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01229.x O’Neill, S. C., & Stephenson, J. (2011). Classroom behaviour management preparation in undergraduate primary teacher education in Australia: A web-based investigation. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 36(10). https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2011v36n10.3 O’Neill, S., & Stephenson, J. (2012). Does classroom management coursework influence pre-service teachers’ perceived preparedness or confidence? Teaching and Teacher Education, 28(8), 1131–1143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2012.06.008 Osher, D., Kelly, D. L., Tolani-Brown, N., Shors, L., & Chen, C.-S. (2009). American Institutes for Research 1000 Thomas Jefferson Street , NW Washington, DC 20007-3835. 13. Perren, S., Stadelmann, S., & Von Klitzing, K. (2009). Child and family characteristics as risk factors for peer victimization in kindergarten. Swiss Journal of Educational Research, 36(1), 13–32. https://doi.org/10.24452/sjer.36.1.4806 Reinke, W. M., Lewis-Palmer, T., & Merrell, K. (2008). The Classroom Check-up: A Classwide Teacher Consultation Model for Increasing Praise and Decreasing Disruptive Behavior. School Psychology Review, 37(3), 315–332. PubMed. Repo, L., & Sajaniemi, N. (2015). Prevention of bullying in early educational settings: Pedagogical and organisational factors related to bullying. 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To help diagnose and initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥95% of all persons living with HIV (PLHIV), the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends offering HIV testing to biological children, and sexual and needle-sharing partners of all PLHIV (index-client testing, ICT). Many index clients, however, do not identify or have contactable partners, and often substantially fewer than 95% of HIV-positive partners initiate ART soon after index testing. To help improve early HIV diagnosis and ART initiation in Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), we implemented a community-based HIV testing and peer-delivered, linkage case management program (CommLink) that provided ICT as part of a comprehensive package of WHO recommended linkage services. CommLink was implemented June 2015 –March 2017 (Phase I), and April 2017 –September 2018 (Phase II). In addition to biological children and partners, HIV testing was offered to adult family members (Phases I and II) and high-risk associates including friends and acquaintances (Phase II) of CommLink index clients. Compared with Phase I, in Phase II proportionally more CommLink clients disclosed their HIV-infection status to a partner or family member [94% (562/598) vs. 75% (486/652)], and had ≥1 partners, family members, or high-risk associates (contacts) tested through CommLink [41% (245/598) vs. 18% (117/652)]. Of 537 contacts tested, 253 (47%) were HIV-positive and not currently in HIV care, including 17% (17/100) of family members aged <15 years, 42% (78/187) of non-partner family members aged ≥15 years, 60% (73/121) of sexual partners, and 66% (85/129) of high-risk associates. Among 210 HIV-positive contacts aged ≥15 years who participated in CommLink, nearly all received recommended linkage services including treatment navigation (95%), weekly telephone follow-up (93%), and ≥3 counseling sessions (94%); peer counselors resolved 76% (306/404) of identified barriers to care (e.g., perceived wellness); and 200 (95%) initiated ART at a healthcare facility, of whom 196 (98%) received at least one antiretroviral refill before case-management services ended. To help countries achieve ≥90% ART coverage among all PLHIV, expanding ICT for adult family members and high-risk associates of index clients, and providing peer-delivered linkage case management for all identified PLHIV, should be considered.