Literatura académica sobre el tema "2012 a-186"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "2012 a-186"
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Pereira Lima Carvalho, Magda Wacemberg y Nadia Pereira Da Silva Gonçalves de Azevedo. "A ESCRITA NA AFASIA: DA PERDA À RECONSTITUIÇÃO DA LINGUAGEM". Revista do GEL 14, n.º 2 (3 de septiembre de 2017): 27–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21165/gel.v14i2.1595.
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Considerando que na afasia o quadro sintomático de linguagem é marcado pela “insistência/persistência de uma diferença” (LIER-DE VITTO, 2006, p. 186, grifos da autora), este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender o processo de reconstituição da escrita de um sujeito em estado de afasia, cuja linguagem foi gravemente perturbada. De natureza exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa tem como corpus seis textos produzidos durante o período em que o sujeito esteve hospitalizado. O aporte teórico advém fundamentalmente de estudiosos da Afasiologia, da Aquisição e das Patologias de Linguagem, dentre os quais estão Freud ([1891] 1977; 2012); Jakobson ([1954] 2008); Morato (2012; 2013); Santana (2002); Lemos (1992; 2002; 2006); Lier-De Vitto (2006); Arantes (2006; 2009); Borges (2006; 2010); e Bosco (2010). Os resultados revelaram que o movimento de (re) composição da escrita do sujeito em questão foi marcado pela interação com o outro (terapeuta ou familiar), que como portador do texto-discurso conduziu o sujeito à escrita; significou e interpretou seus textos, por meio de atividades que envolviam situações cotidianas, (re) inserindo-o, com isso, no funcionamento linguístico-discursivo.
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Šarkauskienė, Asta, Sigita Derkintienė y Šarūnas Paplauskas. "NON-FORMAL PHYSICAL EDUCATION OF CHILDREN: INCREASE FACTOR OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND PHYSICAL FITNESS". Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences 3, n.º 102 (2016): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v3i102.64.
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Background. Studies on physical activity, which is positively associated with physical fitness, reveal that children’s activity is not sufficient (BHFNC, 2010; Chen, Zheng, Yi, & Yao, 2014; Currie et al., 2012), and their physical fitness deteriorates (Volbekienė & Kavaliauskas, 2002; Мирошниченко & Астраханцев, 2005; Синявский, Власов, & Сергеев, 2009). Non-formal physical education (NFPE) is one of the means to increase children’s physical activity and physical fitness. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of NFPE on the physical fitness of 6th grade pupils. Methods. The research was conducted in May, 2013; 356 six-graders (48.0% of girls) from four Klaipėda city comprehensive schools participated in the research. As many as 56.5% of children (48.3% of girls) participated in NFPE in school and out of school. The participants completed five physical fitness tests. Results. Independent t test revealed that the results of boys who attended the NFPE group of cardiorespiratory fitness, t(180) = −2.093, p = .038; upper body muscular strength and endurance, t(182) = 2.413, p = .017; abdominal muscular strength and endurance, t(186) = 3.282, p = .001; explosive leg power, t(183) = 1.967, p = .049, and girls’ results of abdominal muscular strength and endurance, t(172) = 2.687, p = .008 were significantly higher than those in the NFPE non attended group. Conclusion. Non-formal physical education is a meaningful educational form for increasing children’s, particularly boys’, health related physical fitness; therefore it is purposeful to encourage children to participate in physical activities in school and after classes.
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Rawal, Namrata, Praswas Thapa y Yadav Bista. "The Prevalence of Mental Disorders among Serving Soldier Requiring Admission". Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital 11, n.º 2 (5 de abril de 2013): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i2.7902.
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Introduction: Numerous studies have been done to study the psychiatric conditions in army personnel but none have been done in Nepalese army personnel. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of common mental disorders among Nepalese Army Personnel who were admitted in psychiatric ward. Methods: Retrospectively 186 case records of Nepalese Army Personnel, who received treatment at the inpatient psychiatric ward over a period of one year (15th May 2010 to 15th May 2011) , were included in this study. Descriptive analysis of their demographic data and types of psychiatric disorders was done using SPSS v16. Results: Among the 186 patients who were admitted during the study period, 184 (98.92 %) were male. The most common age range was 21-30 years (70.43%). The prevalence of the first ten rank of mental disorders among Nepalese Army Personnel were Major Depression (25.27%), Alcohol dependence (22.58%), Schizophrenia (14.67%), Bipolar disorder (8.6%), Anxiety disorder(6.52%), Substance induced psychotic disorder(4.35%), Schizoaffective disorder(3.26%), Deliberate self harm (2.72%), Malingering(2.72%) and Poly substance dependence (2.72). Conclusions: The most common prevalence of mental disorders among inpatient of Nepalese Army Personnel in psychiatric department in the year 2010-11 were Major depressive disorder, Alcohol dependence and Schizophrenia.Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; July-December 2012/vol.11/Issue2/14-17 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i2.7902
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Sklair, Leslie. "Leech, Gary. Capitalism: A Structural Genocide 2012 Zed Books 186 pp. £12.99 (Paperback)". British Journal of Sociology 64, n.º 1 (marzo de 2013): 182–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12012_5.
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Herawati, Anita, Linda Kusumawati y Ahmad Hidayat. "Hubungan Siklus Menstruasi Dengan Angka Kista Ovarium Pada Pasien RSUD “X” Banjarmasin". DINAMIKA KESEHATAN JURNAL KEBIDANAN DAN KEPERAWATAN 10, n.º 1 (2 de enero de 2020): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33859/dksm.v10i1.405.
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Latar Belakang : Berdasarkan Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2013 angka kejadian kista ovarium sebanyak 37,2% yang sering terjadi pada perempuan umur antara 20 – 40 tahun. Kista ovarium ini sering disebut dengan silent killer dimana sekitar 60% - 70% pasien datang dalam keadaan sudah terdiagnosis stadium lanjut. Kejadian kista ovarium di Indonesia mengalami kenaikan yang signifikan dari tahun ketahun. Di RSUD X Banjarmasin, kejadian kista ovarium berfluktuasi pada tahun 2012 sebanyak 243 kasus, tahun 2013 sebanyak 103 kasus dan tahun 2014 sebanyak 186 kasus.Tujuan : untuk mengkaji hubungan kejadian kista ovarium dengan siklus menstruasi di RSUD X Banjarmasin.Metodologi : Desain penelitian yang di gunakan desain Case control dengan jumlah kasus 186 pasien dengan kista ovarium dan kontrol 186 pasien yang tidak kista ovarium. Analisis data dengan analisis diskriptif analitik dengan chi square, regresi logistik berganda, data penelitian yang digunakan data sekunder dari tahun 2012 -2014.Hasil penelitian : umur perempuan berisiko memiliki 5 kali kemungkinan terkena kista ovarium yaitu sebesar 29,1%, siklus menstruasi yang tidak teratur memiliki risiko 2 kali dengan probabilitas 5,8%, status pernikahan memiliki kontribusi sebanyak 9 kali lebih berisiko yaitu 6,8%, paritas pada ibu yang pernah melahirkan akan mengurangi risiko kista ovarium sebesar 69,5%, dengan kontribusi 2%. Obesitas memiliki resiko 3 kali dengan probability 19,5%, keluarga yang memiliki riwayat kista ovarium memiliki risiko 1 kali dengan kontribusi 1,4%. Menarche tidak berhubungan dengan kista ovarium.Kata kunci : Kejadian kista ovarium, siklus menstruasi, pernikahan. ABSTRACTBackground: Based on the 2013 Indonesian Health Demographic Survey, the incidence of ovarian cysts, which amounted to 37.2%, often occured in women aged between 20-40 years. Ovarian cysts are often called the silent killer where around 60% - 70% of patients come under the diagnosis of an advanced stage. The incidence of ovarian cysts in Indonesia has increased significantly from year to year. In RSUD X Banjarmasin, the incidence of ovarian cysts fluctuates; in 2012 there were 243 cases, in 2013 there were 103 cases and in 2014 there were 186 cases.Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the incidence of ovarian cysts and the menstrual cycle in Banjarmasin X Hospital.Methodology: The study design used was Case-control design with 186 cases of patients with ovarian cysts and control of 186 patients who did not have ovarian cysts. The analysis of the data applied is analytical descriptive analysis with chi-square, multiple logistic regression, the research data used is secondary data from 2012 -2014.Results: Age of women at risk of having 5 times the likelihood of developing ovarian cysts is 29.1%, irregular menstrual cycles have 2 times the risk with a probability of 5.8%, marital status has a contribution as much as 9 times more risk which is 6.8 %, parity in mothers who have given birth will reduce the risk of ovarian cysts by 69.5%, with a contribution of 2%. Obesity has a risk 3 times with a probability of 19.5%, families that have a history of ovarian cysts have a one-time risk with a contribution of 1.4%. Menarche is not associated with ovarian cysts.Keywords : Occurrence of ovarian cysts, menstrual cycle, marriage.
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Basford, P. J., G. R. Longcroft-Wheaton y P. Bhandari. "PWE-186 iScan in the evaluation of small colonic polyps: outcomes, learning curve from a large propective series: Abstract PWE-186 Table 1". Gut 61, Suppl 2 (28 de mayo de 2012): A372.1—A372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302514d.186.
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Castañeda Porras, Oneida, Omar Segura y Aida Yadira Parra Rodríguez. "Prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, Trinidad-Casanare, 2012-2014". Revista Médica de Risaralda 24, n.º 1 (4 de abril de 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22517/25395203.14631.
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Objetivo. Establecer la prevalencia de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) en el municipio de Trinidad-Casanare durante 2012-2014.Métodos. Estudio descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo a partir de datos consignados en los Registros Individuales de Prestación de Servicios (RIPS). Análisis realizado mediante estadística descriptiva con Epi-Info 7.2.0.Resultados. El 11,6%(1.032/8.934) de registros fueron ECNT, en 2012(317; 30,7%), 2013(299; 29,0%) y 2014(416 (40,3%); área urbana 757(73,3%), rural 230(22,2%), sin datos 45(4,3%); hombres 466(45,2%) y mujeres 566(54,8%); edad promedio 40 ±25,8(rango=0,2-106); razón hombre/mujer 4:5. Prevalencia por sistema: respiratorio 301(29,1%), digestivo 253(24,5%), circulatorio 186(18,0%), endocrino 57(5,5%), genitourinario 155(15,0%), trastornos mentales/orgánicos 29(2,8%), osteomuscular/tejido conectivo 20(1,9%); hematológico/anemia 11(1,1%), nervioso 10(1,0%), oncológico/neoplasias 6(0,6%), genético 4(0,4%).Conclusiones. Se evidencia un incremento en el número de personas atendidas durante el período a estudio con predominio del sexo femenino. Se recomienda la vigilancia de estas condiciones en aras de definir prioridades a mediano y largo plazo para la Salud Pública local.
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Moreno, Hilda. "A contrastive analysis of rhetorical patterns in English and Spanish expository journal writing: A study for contrastive rhetoricians, teachers of second language composition, and translators". Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal 15, n.º 1 (15 de julio de 2013): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/udistrital.jour.calj.2013.1.a09.
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Sanchez-Escobar, A. (2012). A contrastive analysis of rhetorical patterns in English and Spanish expositoryjournal writing: A study for contrastive rhetoricians, teachers of second language composition, and translators(2nd ed.). Jaén, Spain: Lengua Española Aplicada a la Enseñanza.186 pages ISBN: 9781479382118
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HE, QIONG y RUI-LIANG ZHU. "Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 48. Drepanolejeunea longifolia, a new synonym of Drepanolejeunea angustifolia (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae)". Phytotaxa 162, n.º 4 (17 de marzo de 2014): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.162.4.7.
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Drepanolejeunea (Spruce 1884: 186) Stephani (1891: 209), with about 110 currently accepted species, is the fourth largest genus of Lejeuneaceae (following Cololejeunea (Spruce 1884: 291) Stephani (1891: 208), Lejeunea Libert (1820: 373), and Cheilolejeunea (Spruce 1884: 251) Stephani (1890: 284) (He et al. 2012). Although Drepanolejeunea is a diverse pantropical genus, it is characterized and easily distinguished from other related genera by the 1) erect to widely divergent lobes of underleaves without a basal disc, 2) transverse section of stem with 7 cortical cells and 3 medullary cells, 3) presence of ocelli at least at base of leaf lobe), 4) proximal hyaline papilla, 5) pycnolejeuneoid leaf sequence of gynoecial innovation (if present), 6) inflated perianths usually with various projections near apex, and 7) asexual reproduction by means of cladia or caducous leaves (Zhu & So 2001; He et al. 2012; Pócs et al., 2013). The genus has been classified in a separate subtribe, Drepanolejeuneinae Gradstein (2013: 14), together with Vitalianthus Schuster & Giancotti (1993: 447).
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Luftman, Jerry, Hossein S. Zadeh, Barry Derksen, Martin Santana, Eduardo Henrique Rigoni y Zhengwei (David) Huang. "Key Information Technology and Management Issues 2011–2012: An International Study". Journal of Information Technology 27, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2012): 198–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jit.2012.14.
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The importance of the impact of IT for organizations around the world, especially in light of a very slow recovery from the global financial crisis, has amplified the need to provide a better understanding of the specific geographic similarities and differences of IT managerial and technical trends. Going beyond identifying these influential factors is also the need to understand the considerations for addressing them in light of recognizing the respective local characteristics, especially when operating in a globally linked environment, although somehow heavily influenced locally. By comparing and contrasting IT trends from different geographies, this paper presents important local and international factors (e.g., management concerns, influential technologies, budgets/spending, organizational considerations) necessary to prepare IT leaders for the challenges that await them. It can also serve as an indicator as the respective geographies evolve from the economic conundrum. The research is based on data from four geographic regions (United States (US), Europe, Asia, and Latin America). The same questionnaire (although translated for the respective respondents), based on the lead authors well-respected and long-running Society for Information Management survey, was applied across the geographies. This paper presents the major findings based on survey responses from 620 respondents (275 US, 100 European, 59 Asian, and 186 Latin) in mid-2011. The top five management concerns were: (1) IT and business alignment; (2) business agility and speed to market; (3) business process management and business process reengineering; (4) business productivity and cost reduction; (5) IT reliability and efficiency. The five most influential technologies were: (1) business intelligence; (2) enterprise resource planning systems; (3) cloud computing; (4) mobile and wireless applications; (5) customer relationship management.
Tesis sobre el tema "2012 a-186"
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Robinson, Thomas William. ""Just before a mighty earthquake" : three Southwest Georgia counties during the Secession Crisis, November 1860-January 1861 /". Full-text of dissertation on the Internet (660.68 KB), 2010. http://www.lib.jmu.edu/general/etd/2010/masters/robinnstw/robinstw_masters_04-21-2010.pdf.
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Castro, Duarte Nuno Magalhães de. "Imagens do Porto: os guias turísticos de 1864 a 2011". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/10681.
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Mestrado em Gestão e Planeamento em TurismoA presente dissertação procura analisar a produção de guias turísticos editados no, e para o Porto. Com o fim de apurar as possíveis imagens transmitidas pelos mesmos nos últimos séculos, é efectuado um enquadramento teórico, sobre o turismo, o guia turístico e a própria cidade do Porto. Compreendendo o levantamento de fontes documentais nos períodos respeitantes aos séculos XIX, XX e XXI, a análise de conteúdo foi aplicada aos guias escolhidos através do modelo de recorte de texto inspirado em Eduardo Brito Henriques no seu estudo Lisboa Turística de 1996. A imagem que se identifica aqui não se faz através da opinião dos turistas, mas da expressão dos próprios guias. Desta forma, a imagem da cidade do Porto evolui durante os três últimos séculos, demonstrando a própria vida da cidade a nível cultural, social e mesmo urbanístico..
This thesis looks to analyze the production of guidebooks published in and for Oporto. Its purpose is to discover the possible images transmitted by them in recent centuries, making a theoretical framework on tourism, on the tour guide and the city of Oporto. Content analysis was applied to the guides chosen by the model “text-clipping” (inspired by Eduardo Brito Henriques, in his study Lisboa Turística, 1996), through the understanding of the documentary sources related to the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The concept is not identified through the review of the tourists, but the expression of their own tour guides. This way, the image of Oporto evolves during the last three centuries, providing a new cultural, social and even urban view.
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Starnes-Vincent, Carolyn Ann. "A history of the music department at Emory College/University, 1836-2010". Thesis, Boston University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/11056.
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Thesis (D.M.A.)--Boston UniversityEmory University has a well-established music department with a long and important history, which was not documented until the present research. The history is also interwoven with the history ofthe establishment of the college. On December 10, 1836 the Georgia General Assembly granted the Georgia Methodist Conference a charter to Emory College. The school re-located to the suburban area of Atlanta known as Druid Hills in DeKalb County and was re-chartered as Emory University in 1915. Emory University's reputation rests on the fame of its medical school; however, since the 1800s, music has had an important role in the life ofthe college and university community. It holds a rich heritage, which continues to be shared around the world. The research is an historical study of the Emory University Music Department, 1836- 2010. It focuses on the founding of the music curriculum prior to the actual organization ofthe department, the circumstances under which the department was developed, the historical role music has played at Emory over the course of one hundred seventy-four years, how the music curriculum has evolved as the university has grown, and the influential individuals in the Emory University music department. The study will describe both past and current music curricula, including the implementation of the baccalaureate and master's degree programs in music and sacred music. Music class offerings, as well as the development of degree requirements, will be documented through information obtained in college and course catalogues from 1927 to 2010. Catalogues published prior to 1927 will be reviewed for music course offerings, and it will be determined whether these were credit or non-credit courses. The study is historical in nature, utilizing primary sources found in the archives at the Emory at Oxford campus and Emory University. The primary sources will include individual documents such as personal letters, scrapbooks, photographs, flyers, yearbooks, newspaper clippings, programs, and recordings. Oral history sources will include interviews with faculty and students, both past and present. Recorded interviews will be completed through audio and electronic mail methods. Secondary sources will include books, Emory alumni newsletters/magazines, and electronic information describing music programs and events at Emory College/University. These procedures will illustrate the historic role of music at Emory College/University, Emory's affiliation with the Methodist/United Methodist Church, and the music department's correlation with music education.
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Tabe, Fidelis Ebot. "Street trading in the central business district of Cape Town 1864- 2012: a study of state policies". University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4151.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThis thesis seeks to examine the making of official policies on street trading in Cape Town’s city centre and the impact of such policies. It covers an extensive period from colonial times to the Union era and from apartheid to democracy. The local government and its role in controlling the trade is the centre of focus but the thesis also explores how the oral testimonies of street traders in the city centre contribute to our understanding of the activity as well as the impact of policy. This thesis poses several questions. What influences policy? What is the impact of policy? Are there continuities or discontinuities in policy? How does one understand street trading and the impact of policy from the perspectives of street traders themselves? Given that there are significant studies of street trading in other municipalities, how does a history of street trading in Cape Town compare? Is there anything distinctive about Cape Town?` Several factors have influenced policy. These have been similar to other local authorities. These have been the desire to raise revenue for the city, to protect the interest of established businesses who feared competition from street traders, the city’s desire to maintain a clean, beautiful and orderly city, as well as traffic and sanitation considerations. Like other local authorities, strategies have included: issuing licenses to street traders and the development and implementation of street trading regulations which either restricted or prohibited street trading. In contrast to studies of other cities, this thesis explores the practice of registration as a measure of control which nonetheless confers rights. This thesis marks the 1980s as representing a decisive shift in policy from one characterized by the prosecution of street traders to a more sympathetic and supportive approach towards street traders. The post-apartheid context saw significant changes in policy motivated by the desire to seek solutions to unemployment and poverty alleviation. Thus permanent stands for street traders in the city centre have been provided, traders have been involved in decision making and power has been devolved to associations. The latter practice has been significant in Cape Town. This thesis has also found that out of the major South African cities, Cape Town comes after Johannesburg in having progressive street trader policies. This measure of progressive is seen in the number of street traders, in the provision of infrastructure such as stands and the encouragement of the sector. While the Cape Town city council has a developmental continuum plan which sees street trading leading to formal businesses, it has yet to put resources to further this. Oral histories have been particularly useful in highlighting that street trading is not only the occupation of the urban poor. This thesis highlights individuals with skills and education and who see the sector as bearing many advantages. The thesis points to the sector as being differentiated. Further, the distinction between the formal and informal gets blurred in the contemporary era. This thesis highlights the hereditary nature of street trading in Cape Town thus challenging ideas of street trading as a transitory occupation. With regard to policy, interviews highlighted the negative impact of policy during apartheid. While traders see the advantages of the democratic era, they nonetheless argue too that the encouragement of the sector has seen an increase in the number of street traders but no significant increase in a customer base. There is thus some nostalgia for the pre-1994 years. This study has allowed one to track continuity and discontinuity and to explore the idea of a progressive policy and to make comparisons with other cities drawing from official and oral sources.
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Van, Acker Wouter. "Universalism as Utopia: A Historical Study of the Schemes and Schemas of Paul Otlet (1868-1944)". Doctoral thesis, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/241589.
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This doctoral dissertation is an intellectual biography which discusses the projects and utopian visions of Paul Otlet (1868-1944). Paul Otlet formulated the concept of ‘documentation’, a field incorporating both study and practice that evolved out of bibliography before developing into information science. He was also a sociologist, an internationalist and indefatigable promoter of his conception of ‘universalism’ or ‘mondialism’, and of the Mundaneum and the Cité Mondiale. The major source that is used to throw new light on Otlet as a utopian thinker is an impressive collection of thousands of unpublished schemas. By means of an historical analysis of his schemas and writings, this thesis aims to identify the fundamental universalistic character of his utopian vision of knowledge organization and international organization. Universalism was a phenomenon incorporating complex personal ideals and social objectives, assuming different meanings in the fields of science, culture and politics, and reflecting the historical circumstances and undertakings of the time. By exploring how Paul Otlet and others dealt with the issue, this dissertation aims to contribute to the history of the idea of ‘universalism’.info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Considine, Jennifer Irene. "The evolution of the Russian oil industry (1860-2012) : a search for a long-run crude oil supply forecasting model". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1999. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU111661.
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This thesis presents an analysis of the development and future prospects for the Russian oil industry (1860-2012). The objective of this study is to develop a 'supply forecasting' methodology that is sufficiently flexible to model and explain the historical evolution of the Russian oil industry-despite the diverse nature of the economic and political regimes that have governed its development-and to produce a reliable forecast for the future development of the industry under a variety of assumptions regarding the fiscal environment that might be expected to prevail in the future. The Russian Federation crude oil supply curve, and 'fiscal and pricing' model is a variation of the rate of effort approach developed by A.D. Zapp (1962). The rate of effort curve is based on the existence of an 'objective' empirical relationship between drilling activity and discoveries, so that the model is insensitive to political and economic influences. The exogenous driving variable-the number of wildcats-may be determined by central command, the specifications of multi-lateral lending agencies, the level of investment funds devoted to the exploration effort, and/or the principles of perfect competition. A time series representing the evolution of exploration effort and cumulative discoveries for the entire history of the Russian oil industry (1860-1998) is used in the estimation of the parameters. The main contribution of this study is the use of the Russian Federation crude oil supply curve and 'fiscal and pricing' model to assess the evolution of the regulatory and fiscal (tax) regime governing petroleum operations in the Russian Federation. In the years 1991-1997, the development of the Russian oil industry has been repressed by an inefficient, revenue-based tax system. Given the potential for profits-economic rents-in the Russian oil industry, an infinite number of petroleum rent schemes may be devised for the collection and distribution of these rents. The interests of the Russian Federation will be best served by the development of a tax regime that promotes self-sufficiency in the upstream petroleum industry.
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Soares, Carlos Vinicius Ludwig Viegas. "A influência dos Estados Unidos no desenvolvimento econômico canadense : uma análise histórica (1867-2010)". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49937.
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Neste trabalho é feita uma análise histórica das relações econômicas entre Canadá e Estados Unidos, visando mostrar a influência americana sobre o desenvolvimento econômico canadense. O trabalho apresenta como foco principal dois períodos distintos. O primeiro inicia com a Confederação (1867) e vai até o final da II Guerra Mundial e é marcado por diversas tentativas protecionistas canadenses, destacando-se neste sentido, a National Policy, visando um desenvolvimento autônomo em relação aos Estados Unidos e até mesmo buscando evitar a anexação de seu território pelo país vizinho. O segundo período, compreendido entre 1945 até os dias atuais é marcado pela aproximação canadense em relação aos Estados Unidos e um amplo domínio americano sobre a economia canadense, tanto no que diz respeito às relações de comércio e de investimentos, assim como na desestruturação do modelo econômico canadense, notadamente mais focado em questões sociais do que o americano. O auge da dependência canadense ocorre com a entrada em vigor dos tratados de livre comércio, principalmente com o Free Trade Agreement (FTA), em 1989 e o North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) em 1994. No entanto, no início do século XXI, a ascensão do conservadorismo americano, os custos econômicos gerados pelo enrijecimento das fronteiras aliados às divergências culturais e sociais entre os dois países, que voltaram à tona na última década, contribuíram novamente para a busca da redução da dependência canadense, através de novas parcerias comerciais e de investimentos com outros países. Estas parcerias, mesmo que ainda incipientes, vem reduzindo de forma lenta a dependência econômica em relação aos Estados Unidos e criando opções de diversificação de suas relações econômicas, até então não verificadas na história do Canadá.This study presents a historical analysis of the economic relations between Canada and the United States aiming to demonstrate the US influence over the Canadian economic development. The work focuses mainly on two distinct periods. The first, starting with the Confederation (1867) and lasting until the end of World War II, is marked by various Canadian protectionist attempts, with emphasis, in this sense, on the National Policy, which sought an autonomous development in relation to the United States, even seeking to avoid the attachment of its territory by the neighboring country. The second period, from 1945 until the present days, is marked by the Canadian approximation in relation to the United States and a large American dominance over the economy of that country, both in regards to trade and investment relations and the disintegration of the Canadian economic model, noticeably more focused on social issues than the US model. The apex of Canada’s dependency occurs with the free trade treats coming into force, especially with the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) in 1989, and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994. However, at the start of the 21st century, the ascension of the American conservatism, the economic costs generated by stiffening the frontier lines, together with the cultural and social differences between the two countries, which reemerged in the last decade, contributed again for the pursuit of reducing Canadian dependency, through new commercial partnerships and investments with other countries. These partnerships, even if still incipient, have been slowly decreasing the economic dependency in relation to the United States and creating options for diversifying its economic relations, which, until then, were not observed in the history of Canada.
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HERNÁNDEZ, RUZ Emil José. "A morfologia de Stenocercus dumerilii Steindachner (1867) (Squamata, Iguanidae) e suas implicações filogenéticas". Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/4215.
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O estudo teve por objetivo incluir Stenocercus dumerilii (Steindachner, 1867) no contexto dos estudos filogenéticos recentes realizados com Tropidurinae*. Apresenta-se uma descrição da escutelação, crânio, cintura escapular, esqueleto abdominal e hemipênis, com ênfase nos caracteres utilizados na literatura em análises filogenéticas envolvendo o gênero Stenocercus. O estudo baseou-se em 65 exemplares fixados, dois exemplares diafanizados e dois hemipénis evertidos. Constatou-se que S. dumerilii apresenta as características utilizadas para definir o gênero Stenocercus, dentro de sua definição atual, assim como os táxons hierarquicamente superiores que o incluem. Algumas diferenças observadas são um único par de costelas xifisternais, cauda deprimida, escamas pós-supraciliares projetadas em forma de "chifre" (também presente em S. tricristatus) e escamas parietais, pós-parietais e occipitais aumentadas, em seqüência longitudinal. Ao contrário do que tem sido considerado anteriormente, a espécie não apresenta grande parte das características do denominado "grupo Opkyoessoides". As principais características de S. dumerilii que o separam deste grupo são o arranjo das escamas supraoculares e posteriores da cabeça e a distância entre os pares de costelas pós-xifisternais. Conclui-se que S. dumerilii se enquadra bem nos Tropidurinae* e no gênero Stenocercus, mas não faz parte do chamado "grupo Ophryoessoides".
The objetive of this study was to include the lizard Stenocercus dumerilii (Steindachner, 1867) in the phylogenetic context of Tropidurinae*. Scale morphology, cranial anatomy, scapular girdle, abdominal skeleton, and hemipenis are described. Emphasis is given to characters used in phylogenetic studies including the genus Stenocercus. Sixty-five preserved specimens, two cleared and stained specimens, and two distended hemipenis have been examined. The characteristics studied agree with the generic placement of the species, considering its present definition. On the other hand, the species is unique within the genus Stenocercus by having only one pair of xiphisternal ribs, a depressed tail, postsupraciliar scales projected in the form of a horn (together with S. tricristatus), and enlarged parietal, postparietal and occipital scales forming a longitudinal sequence. Contrary to what has been generally considered, this species does not agree with the characteristics o f the informal "Ophryoessoides group". The main characteristics of S. dumerilii that exclude it from this species group are the arrangement of supraoculars and posterior head scales, and the distance between the pairs of post-xiphisternal ribs. It is concluded that S. dumerilii fits well within Tropidurinae* and the genus Stenocercus, but it is not part of the "Ophryoessoides group".
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Aleixo, João Miguel Romero Chagas Viegas. "O culto a Nossa Senhora da Piedade, Mãe Soberana dos Louletanos, em Loulé (1806-2013)". Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/12222.
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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em História ContemporâneaO trabalho agora apresentado constitui uma dissertação de mestrado em História Contemporânea, no domínio historiográfico da História Religiosa. Nele, pretende-se estudar a evolução do culto a Nossa Senhora da Piedade, em Loulé, ao longo dos séculos XIX e XX. Nesse sentido procedeu-se à consulta de fontes primárias em quatro diferentes arquivos (paroquial, municipal, distrital e diocesano), assim como à consulta de artigos e de reportagens publicados em cerca de cem diferentes periódicos (locais, regionais e nacionais). Conclui-se que o culto a Nossa Senhora da Piedade passou por um processo de consolidação a nível local nos séculos XVIII e XIX, para, no decorrer do século XX, se consolidar a nível nacional. Em finais do século XIX, princípio do século XX, nomeadamente até às «aparições» de Fátima, a Festa da Piedade era já uma das maiores manifestações religiosas a Sul do Douro. Passando, após as «aparições» de 1917, a ser uma das maiores celebrações religiosas, se não mesmo a maior, celebrada a Sul de Fátima. Demonstra-se como este culto, no início da segunda metade do século XX, adquire o estatuto de uma das mais importantes devoções Marianas à escala nacional, juntamente com as invocações Marianas cultuadas em Vila Viçosa, Sameiro e Fátima.
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LIMA, Alexandre Martins de. "Pelos trilhos dos bondes: cidade, modernidade e tensões sociais em Belém de 1869 a 1947". Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/2890.
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FIDESA - Fundação Instituto para o Desenvolvimento da Amazônia
UNAMA - Universidade da Amazônia
A presente pesquisa objetiva analisar as mudanças sociais e espaciais ocorridas em Belém, através dos bondes, no período de 1869 a 1947. Neste contexto, os carris surgem como símbolos de modernidade e locus privilegiado de observação de fenômenos sociais que se desenrolam cotidianamente, como as relações de gênero, de dominação e resistência, a territorialização do espaço urbano – em parte oriunda do processo de gentrificação – e as estratégias de legitimação de posse dos mesmos, os diversos graus de sociabilidade, as afetividades estabelecidas, os comportamentos sociais instituídos de maneira tácita ou determinados normas e/ou códigos de postura. Desta forma, objetivando a análise dos processos interativos que produzem o sentido “prático” da realidade o materialismo histórico é utilizado como principal suporte metodológico. Questões relativas à distinção entre grupos sociais, lutas de classificações e poder simbólico foram analisadas através de conceitos e categorias trabalhadas por Bourdieu. A sociologia processual de Norbert Elias também foi utilizada como viés interpretativo de fenômenos sociais, o que deu à pesquisa um caráter linear. A investigação deteve-se em eixos: a história da cidade, a história do cotidiano e a história dos bondes. Como meio de interpretação da história da cidade e do cotidiano utilizou-se a literatura, principalmente a regional, e os discursos oficiais – da Municipalidade, das empresas concessionárias, o discurso midiático e os relatos de memória. Conclui-se que os bondes alteraram as percepções do binômio espaço-tempo de seus usuários, reproduziram as diferenças existentes entre os grupos sociais, proporcionaram novas formas de sociabilidade, fomentaram o crescimento da cidade e promoveram a conexão entre os territórios de uma Belém gentrificada.
This investigation aims to analyze the spatial and social changes that happened in belém, through the tramway perspective, from 1869 to 1947. In this context, tramways appear as symbols of modernity and as locus where daily social phenomena could be observed, such as gender relations, social dominations and resistance, territorialization of urban space – partially generated by the gentrification process – the varying degrees of sociability and affectivities and social behaviors tacitly established, or imposed by posture codes. Thus, historical materialism is used as the main methodological support. Subjects like social distinction, social classification and symbolic power were analysed using Bourdieu´s concepts and categories. The processual sociology of Norbert Elias was also used to interpretate social phenomena, wich gave linearity to this investigation. The investigation has focused on three axes: the city´s history, the everyday life´s history, and tramway´s history. As a mean of interpreting the city´s history and daily life, the literature was used, regional mainly, and official reports from the city and tram companies, the media discourse and memory stories. We concluded that tramways changed their user´s perception of space and time, reproduced social group´s differences, provided new forms of sociability, fostered the growth of the city and connected the territories of a gentrified city.
UNAMA - Universidade da Amazônia
Libros sobre el tema "2012 a-186"
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College, Terenure, ed. Terenure College, 1860-2010: A history. Dublin: Terenure College, 2009.
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Percy, André Maxime, arranger of music, Percy, Jean Joseph Eval, interviewee y Jardin Folklorique, eds. Il y a deux cents ans: Simon Bolivar aux Cayes :1815/1816-2015/2016. Haiti]: C3 Éditions, 2016.
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Kahneman, Daniel. Thinking, fast and slow. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011.
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Kahneman, Daniel. 思考，快与慢. Beijing Shi: 中信出版社, 2012.
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Kahneman, Daniel. Thinking, fast and slow. Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 2011.
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Kahneman, Daniel. Kuai si man xiang. Taibei Shi: Tian xia yuan jian chu ban gu fen you xian gong si, 2012.
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Veneri, Maria Eugenia. Consoli e ambasciatori a Torino, 1861-2011. Milano: Nuovi autori, 2011.
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A short history of Bulawayo 1868-2017. Harare: Pigeon Press, 2018.
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Pappalardo, Francesco. 1861-2011: A centocinquant'anni dall'unità d'Italia : quale identità? Siena: Cantagalli, 2011.
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Pappalardo, Francesco. 1861-2011: A centocinquant'anni dall'unità d'Italia : quale identità? Siena: Cantagalli, 2011.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "2012 a-186"
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Soteropoulos, Aggelos, Emilia M. Bruck, Martin Berger, Alexander Egoldt, Arne Holst, Thomas Richter y Zoltán László. "Automation, public transport and Mobility as a Service: Experience from tests with automated shuttle buses". En AVENUE21. Planning and Policy Considerations for an Age of Automated Mobility, 75–105. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-67004-0_6.
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AbstractAutomated driving will fundamentally transform future mobility and will also affect public transport. In this context, there is often talk of a further shift of the boundaries between classic public transport and motorized individual transport, with an area of transition in public individual transport with automated vehicles, or an individualization of public transport (cf. Lenz/Fraedrich 2015: 189; Röhrleef 2017: 15; Bruns et al. 2018: 12; Barillère-Scholz et al. 2020: 16): already today, mobility is becoming differentiated through new forms of services such as car sharing and ride hailing.
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Saif, Abdulwahid, Aref Al-Shamiri y Abdulnour Shaher. "Development of new bread wheat resistant mutants for Ug99 rust disease (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici)." En Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 312–19. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0032.
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Abstract M3 derived mutants from two bread wheat varieties, namely, 'Giza 186' and 'Saha 93', were screened for resistance to the rust Ug99 at two locations in Njoro (Kenya) and in Tihama (Yemen). At Tihama, two mutants of 'Giza 186' (G-M2-2010-1-28 and G-M2-2010-41-52) and four mutants of 'Saha 93' (S-M2-2010-16-12, S-M2-2010-21-13, S-M2-2010-22-14 and S-M2-2010-27-15) were seen to be resistant at both seedling and adult stages while their parents were resistant at seedling stage and susceptible at adult stage. In Kenya, the resistance score of the mutants was slightly different from those obtained at Tihama. The mutants G-M2-2010-1-28 and G-M2-2010-41-52 were stable in their level of resistance recorded at Tihama, but only two mutants of 'Saha 93' (S-M2-2010-16-12 and S-M2-2010-27-15) were resistant at both growth stages. S-M2-2010-22-14 and S-M2-2010-21-13 were resistant at the seedling stage while susceptible at adult stage. Further selection on these mutants for yield potential, agronomic performance and yellow rust disease resistance, as well as on selected mutants of both 'Giza 186' and 'Saha 93', at M5-M6 stages identified superior mutant lines compared with the two parents 'Saha 93' and 'Giza 186'. These included the line Erra-010-GM2w-41-52-40, which ranked first in yield (3768 kg/ha), followed by the lines Erra-010-SwM2-16-12-19, Erra-010-GM2w-1-28-18 and Erra-010-SwM2-22-14-6. Moreover, it can be concluded that Erra-010-GM2w-41-52-40 and Erra-010-SwM2-16-12-19 are highly recommended for their resistance to stem and yellow rust diseases as well as for yield potential and preference by farmers. Therefore, efforts are in progress to increase their seeds for dissemination over a wide range of farmers and wheat areas where rust diseases are an epidemic, and for registration of the lines as improved mutant varieties.
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Díez-Minguela, Alfonso, Julio Martinez-Galarraga y Daniel A. Tirado-Fabregat. "A Potted History: Spain 1860–2015". En Regional Inequality in Spain, 25–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96110-1_2.
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Kanter, Douglas. "The Campaign Against Over-Taxation, 1863–65: A Reappraisal". En Taxation, Politics, and Protest in Ireland, 1662–2016, 227–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04309-4_9.
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Barillari, D. K., J. V. Vaz, R. C. Barber y K. S. Sharma. "Atomic mass determinations in the region A = 183 to 201". En Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses, 50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55560-2_17.
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Koulgi, Pradeep y M. D. Madhusudan. "Conservation II—Assessing Agricultural Intensification Near Protected Areas". En Cloud-Based Remote Sensing with Google Earth Engine, 1213–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26588-4_55.
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AbstractProtected Areas (PAs) in many densely populated tropical regions are often small in area, and are enormously influenced by the broader production landscapes in which they are found. Changes in the agricultural matrix surrounding a PA can have a profound impact on the PA’s wildlife and on neighboring resident human communities. In this chapter, we will examine greening trend changes in the exteriors of 186 PAs in Western India from 2000 to 2021 using MODIS Terra vegetation indices, a Sen’s slope linear trend estimator, and other summary techniques available in Earth Engine. We will use these techniques to investigate how these greening trends are distributed in relation to the precipitation regimes of a given PA site.
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Grilli, Antonella y Fabrizio Rozzi. "Analisi del questionario per la rilevazione degli obiettivi conseguiti dal TDDI". En Strumenti per la didattica e la ricerca, 93–109. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-587-5.9.
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In August 2021, a questionnaire was sent to all those who had participated in the presentation meetings of the Integrated Digital Direct Internship Experimental Project (TDDI), a questionnaire to identify the objectives achieved. The survey was sent to 99 schools, 238 subjects including teachers, trainees and headteachers and to 18 university tutors of the Course of Studies in Primary Education at the University of Florence. The survey obtained 186 responses and allowed an initial evaluation of the results in relation to the target actually involved and informed of the experimental path. The focus is to detect the level of satisfaction of the subjects actually involved and to highlight how much TDDI can meet the expectations of school managers, teachers, students.
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Plumtree, James. "A Telling Tradition: Preliminary Comments on the Epic of Manas, 1856–2018". En Medieval Stories and Storytelling, 239–301. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.mnt-eb.5.121610.
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Sadownik, Alicja R. y Adrijana Višnjić Jevtić. "(Re)theorisation of More-Than-Parental Involvement: New Directions and Hopes". En International Perspectives on Early Childhood Education and Development, 191–203. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38762-3_12.
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AbstractWhen engaging in the re-theorisation of parental involvement (PI), we searched for theories that would (1) embrace more-than-parents as potential collaboration partners, (2) recognise the role of the family in the child’s (educational) life, and (3) allow for the possibility of overcoming the “democratic deficit” (Van Laere et al., Eur Early Childhood Educ Res J 26(2):187–200. , 2018, p. 189), by which we mean the possibilities for families to co-create the modalities of their engagement with ECEC settings. The literature review presented in Chap. 2 mapped out the theories employed in research on PI and showed that those theories and models born out of interpretivist aims (i.e. to understand) and critical objectives (i.e. to challenge unjust power relations) have the potential to capture the increasing diversity of families and embrace the unfolding modalities of their engagement in diverse social, cultural, and material contexts. Based on the review, particular theories were chosen and explored in later chapters of this book. In this concluding chapter, we provide a theoretical overview by pointing to new directions for the theocratisation of more-than-parental involvement that are relevant to the ECEC field and the creation of sustainable futures.
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Shen, Ruichao, Nathan O. Fuller, Jed L. Hubbs, Wesley F. Austin y Brian S. Bronk. "Discovery and Development of the Natural Product Derivative SPI-1865 as a Gamma Secretase Modulator for Alzheimer’s Disease". En Comprehensive Accounts of Pharmaceutical Research and Development: From Discovery to Late-Stage Process Development Volume 1, 271–80. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2016-1239.ch011.
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Tlaisi, A., A. Akinturk, A. S. J. Swamidas y M. R. Haddara. "Crack Detection in Shaft Using Lateral and Torsional Vibration Measurements and Analyses". En ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-69921.
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In this paper experimental and numerical investigations are carried out to identify the presence of a crack in a cylindrical overhanging shaft with a propeller at the free end. In the experimental study, cracks of different depths are located at the (un-cracked) maximum bending moment position. Shaft response parameters for lateral (using an accelerometer) and torsional vibrations (using shear strain gages fixed at three different locations) are obtained using the modal analysis software, LMS Test Lab™. The experimental results are used to validate the numerical results obtained using the three-dimensional isoparametric elements (element types 186 and 187) available in the ANSYS FEM program; the open crack is embedded in the shaft and the mesh generation is suitably modified to incorporate the stress intensity effects present at the crack tip. From the results it is observed that the rate of change of torsional frequencies that occur during initial crack growth can be better used to detect crack presence in rotating shafts than bending frequencies.
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Costa, Georgia Velozo Andrade, RAYANNE CRISTINA DO ROSÁRIO CARVALHO, ANA DÉBORAH COSTA PRADO, MELL GOMES MARQUES y JOSÉ JACKSON DO NASCIMENTO COSTA. "O DISPOSITIVO INTRAUTERINO COMO FATOR IMPORTANTE PARA GRAVIDEZ ECTÓPICA". En I Congresso Brasileiro de Estudos Epidemiológicos On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/epidemion/6950.
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Introdução: A gravidez ectópica (GE) é aquela em que o blastocisto é implantado e se desenvolve fora da cavidade uterina, frequentemente na tuba uterina, representando 90% a 95% dos casos. Apresenta elevada morbimortalidade, estando relacionada a síndromes hemorrágicas na gravidez. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura a respeito da associação do uso do Dispositivo Intrauterino (DIU) com a gravidez ectópica entre os anos de 2012 e 2021. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e retrospectiva. Foram pesquisados artigos completos publicados entre 2017 a 2022, escritos nos idiomas inglês, que associam ou refutam a associação do uso de DIU com o desenvolvimento de gravidez ectópica. Foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: U. S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) e Research Gate, utilizando-se os descritores: “Dispositivo Intrauterino (DIU)”, “Gravidez Ectópica” e “Fatores de Risco”. Resultados: Após avaliação dos trabalhos publicados, foram selecionados 3 artigos para embasamento do trabalho. No estudo de Graner et al. (2019) foram incluídas mulheres que faziam uso de DIU e foram diagnosticadas com GE. Identificou-se 35 casos de GE em mulheres com DIU de levonorgestrel (13,5mg) em 18488 mulheres-ano expostas e 13 casos de mulheres com DIU de levonorgestrel (52mg) em 50246 mulheres-ano expostas. Heinemann et al. (2015) relataram 118 falhas contraceptivas, ao avaliá-las, 21 foram ectópicas, em 61448 mulheres que utilizavam DIU. Um outro estudo de caso controle foi realizado pelo mesmo grupo, utilizando-se da mesma metodologia. Após exclusão de pacientes com histórico médico incompleto, ficaram 181, 184 e 189 no grupo de GE, gestação intrauterina e não gestantes respectivamente. Do grupo de GE, 163 tiveram apenas 1 GE prévia, 15 tiveram 2 e 3 tiveram 3. Do grupo de gestação intrauterina, 3 apresentaram 2 GEs prévias e 16 do grupo não gestantes tiveram 2 GEs depois. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir, com base na análise dos estudos, que, mesmo o DIU sendo um método contraceptivo eficiente, o seu uso pode aumentar as chances de uma gravidez ectópica. Portanto, é importante que as mulheres sejam devidamente informadas da existência desse risco ao optar pelo uso como método de contracepção.
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Costa, Georgia Velozo Andrade, RAYANNE CRISTINA DO ROSÁRIO CARVALHO, ANA DÉBORAH COSTA PRADO, MELL GOMES MARQUES y JOSÉ JACKSON DO NASCIMENTO COSTA. "O DISPOSITIVO INTRAUTERINO COMO FATOR IMPORTANTE PARA GRAVIDEZ ECTÓPICA". En I Congresso Brasileiro de Estudos Epidemiológicos On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/epidemion/6950.
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Introdução: A gravidez ectópica (GE) é aquela em que o blastocisto é implantado e se desenvolve fora da cavidade uterina, frequentemente na tuba uterina, representando 90% a 95% dos casos. Apresenta elevada morbimortalidade, estando relacionada a síndromes hemorrágicas na gravidez. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura a respeito da associação do uso do Dispositivo Intrauterino (DIU) com a gravidez ectópica entre os anos de 2012 e 2021. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e retrospectiva. Foram pesquisados artigos completos publicados entre 2017 a 2022, escritos nos idiomas inglês, que associam ou refutam a associação do uso de DIU com o desenvolvimento de gravidez ectópica. Foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: U. S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) e Research Gate, utilizando-se os descritores: “Dispositivo Intrauterino (DIU)”, “Gravidez Ectópica” e “Fatores de Risco”. Resultados: Após avaliação dos trabalhos publicados, foram selecionados 3 artigos para embasamento do trabalho. No estudo de Graner et al. (2019) foram incluídas mulheres que faziam uso de DIU e foram diagnosticadas com GE. Identificou-se 35 casos de GE em mulheres com DIU de levonorgestrel (13,5mg) em 18488 mulheres-ano expostas e 13 casos de mulheres com DIU de levonorgestrel (52mg) em 50246 mulheres-ano expostas. Heinemann et al. (2015) relataram 118 falhas contraceptivas, ao avaliá-las, 21 foram ectópicas, em 61448 mulheres que utilizavam DIU. Um outro estudo de caso controle foi realizado pelo mesmo grupo, utilizando-se da mesma metodologia. Após exclusão de pacientes com histórico médico incompleto, ficaram 181, 184 e 189 no grupo de GE, gestação intrauterina e não gestantes respectivamente. Do grupo de GE, 163 tiveram apenas 1 GE prévia, 15 tiveram 2 e 3 tiveram 3. Do grupo de gestação intrauterina, 3 apresentaram 2 GEs prévias e 16 do grupo não gestantes tiveram 2 GEs depois. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir, com base na análise dos estudos, que, mesmo o DIU sendo um método contraceptivo eficiente, o seu uso pode aumentar as chances de uma gravidez ectópica. Portanto, é importante que as mulheres sejam devidamente informadas da existência desse risco ao optar pelo uso como método de contracepção.
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Queiroz, Maisa Leitão de, Lívia Karoline Torres Brito, Isla Lopes de Azevedo Rodrigues, Edglesy Carneiro Aguiar, Juliana Sampaio Santos, Morgana Boaventura Cunha, Luana Duarte Wanderley Cavalcante, Raquel Ferreira Gomes Brasil, Livia de Paulo Pereira y Vanessa da Frota Santos. "Prevalência de sífilis congênita nos últimos cinco anos em uma maternidade pública do município de Fortaleza". En XIII Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de DST - IX Congresso Brasileiro de AIDS - IV Congresso Latino Americano de IST/HIV/AIDS. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/dst-2177-8264-202133p041.
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Introdução: A sífilis congênita constitui um problema mundial de saúde. Milhares de gestantes se infectam a cada ano. A sífilis congênita, quando não tratada precocemente, desencadeia vários problemas, como: parto prematuro, aborto, morte fetal, entre outros. O crescente número de novos casos relaciona-se com a baixa escolaridade, múltiplos parceiros, uso de drogas, baixa condição socioeconômica. Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência de sífilis congênita nos últimos cinco anos em uma maternidade pública do município de Fortaleza (CE). Métodos: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, realizado em uma maternidade do município de Fortaleza. Os dados foram coletados em consulta aos registros dos sistemas de informação do serviço durante o mês de maio de 2021. Adotaram-se os casos confirmados entre os anos de 2016 e 2020. Esta pesquisa foi aprovada pelocomitê de ética em pesquisa com parecer n. 1.899.089. Resultados: Identificaram-se 1.113 casos de sífilis congênita nos últimos cinco anos na referida maternidade, sendo esses distribuídos da seguinte forma: no ano de 2016, foram notificados 187 casos, correspondendo a 17% do total do período; em 2017, foram registrados 250 casos (22,4%); no ano de 2018, houve 262 casos (23,5%); no ano de 2019, ocorreram 181 casos (16,2%); até dezembro de 2020, foram notificados 233 casos (21%). Observou-se que ocorreu uma diminuição no número de casos no ano de 2019 quando comparado aos demais anos, podendo ser justificado pelo diagnóstico e tratamento precoce da sífilis ainda no pré-natal. Notou-se que houve um acréscimo de 52 casos no ano de 2020 quando comparado ao ano de 2019 e que isso pode estar relacionado com o início do período pandêmico, que dificultou o acesso ao pré-natal e consequente diagnóstico precoce. Conclusão: Identificou-se um elevado número de casos, o que pode estar relacionado à carência na assistência do pré-natal e falta de intervenções educativas e medidas de prevenção da infecção.
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Silveira, Taline Pereira y Carmen Lieta R. dos Santos. "PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE ZIKA EM UMA CIDADE DO SUDOESTE BAIANO". En I SIMPÓSIO MARANHENSE DE GENÉTICA E GENÔMICA EM SAÚDE. Doity - Plataforma de Eventos, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55664/simaggens2022.008.
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INTRODUÇÃO: O zika vírus é do gênero flavivírus, e caracteriza-se por arbovirose transmitida pelo aedes aegypti. Essa patologia pode ocasionar malformações neurológicas ao feto e Síndrome de Guillain Barré. OBJETIVO: Evidenciar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos notificados de zika em uma cidade do sudoeste baiano no período de 2017 a 2021. MÉTODOS: Caracteriza-se por estudo descritivo, exploratório e com abordagem quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada em abril de 2022, a partir das informações disponíveis pelo Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) a respeito dos casos notificados de zika vírus em Vitória da Conquista – Bahia, de 2017 a 2021. Os critérios de inclusão adotados foram as notificações de zika vírus em Vitória da Conquista no ano de 2017 a 2021. Já os critérios de exclusão correspondem aos dados socioeconômicos. Mediante a seguinte pergunta norteadora: Qual é o perfil epidemiológico dos casos notificados de zika vírus em Vitória da Conquista no período entre 2017 a 2021? RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Notificou-se 1894 casos de zika vírus, sendo 674 (35,59%) somente em 2020. Referente a faixa etária e ao sexo, predominou os indivíduos de 20 a 39 anos e em mulheres, com 639 (33,74%) e 1123 (59,29%) respectivamente. No que tange a classificação clínica, prevaleceu os casos inconclusivos, com 1526 (80,57%) e 183 (9,66%) foram detectados com zika vírus. Em relação a forma do diagnóstico, 202 (10,67%) obtiveram a detecção por exames laboratoriais. No entanto, em 1568 (82,79%) dos indivíduos não houve o preenchimento do tipo de diagnóstico utilizado. Referente ao acometimento da zika vírus em gestantes, 37 (1,95%) foram identificadas com a infecção no 2º trimestre gestacional, houve o preenchimento na ficha de notificação de 426 (22,49%) em branco e 300 (15,84%) grávidas não foram infectadas por essa patologia. A respeito da evolução clínica dos pacientes, 186 (9,82%) evoluíram para a cura, porém 1701 (89,81%) foram ignorados em relação ao desfecho clínico. Os achados do presente estudo se assemelham a pesquisa efetuada no Piauí entre 2015 a 2020. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo revela uma lacuna no preenchimento adequado da ficha de notificação do SINAN em relação aos casos de zika vírus. Portanto, é imprescindível capacitar a equipe multiprofissional de saúde a respeito da importância de efetuar o preenchimento completo da ficha de notificação compulsória. Contribuindo assim, para compreender o panorama epidemiológico das patologias e minimizar as falhas dos serviços de saúde nesse processo assistencial.
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Watkins, T., J. Najafov, E. K. Watson y S. Livescu. "Reducing Emissions for Extended-Reach Well Stimulation - Preexistent Sleeve Nozzle Design for Targeted Planar Propagation as a Counter to Stress Shadowing in Hydraulic Fracturing". En SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214837-ms.
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Abstract Fracturing bedrock formations using a pressurized fluid to increase hydrocarbon production has been around since 1866 (Hicks 2013). It has been used in unconventional formations for over six decades since George Mitchell started using it for shale formations (New York Times 2013). For most wells in North America, hydraulic fracturing is usually performed by plug-and-perf (Lehr 2021). To reduce operational complexity, time, and cost time and meet Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) goals, operating companies are in a continuous search for alternative innovative fracturing systems. A new approach to traditional hydraulic fracturing was recently presented, together with several case histories from Texas, the U.S., and Alberta, Canada showing significantly improved project economics and lower environmental impact (Watkins et al. 2023a, b). Plug-and-perf uses a perforating shape charge gun (Simpson 2017) to trigger charges to create channels through the casing into the adjacent rock formation (Renpu 2011). When the downhole plug seals the well, the high-pressure fracturing fluid is diverted into the channels to fracture the shale formation. While the plug-and-perf method has successfully increased hydrocarbon production, there are areas that can be improved. One key area overdue for efficiency improvement is the perforation cluster efficiency (PCE) of the fracture formation since it is estimated that one-third of perforation clusters fail to extend and have low production efficiencies (Miller et al. 2011; Wheaton et al. 2014). A key problem is stress shadows (Nagel. 2015; Wang et al. 2022), where stresses play a considerable role in fracture formation. Perforations are placed in areas that the producers believe will result in maximum production, but the fracture propagates following underground conditions. This is typically away from earlier fractures. Consequently, the more stages near one another, the more skewed the stress shadows and the more inefficient the well due to the poor fracture network. If stress shadowing can be neutralized, it is likely that a well’s estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) or lifetime production could be one-third greater (Miller et al. 2011; Wheaton et al. 2014). The magnitude of the problem, especially considering the current ESG trend, means companies should investigate ways to enhance resource extraction—especially if it can be done without incurring additional operating expenses. A fracture follows the path of least resistance unless it is forced otherwise. When conventional perforating guns trigger a fracture, they "create long spiral-patterned perforations that leave the formation undertreated because fluid and proppant tend to flow and settle below the wellbore. Multiple spiral perforations also create competing fractures near the well that impede proppant and fluid penetration during treatment." (Dailey 2002; Li et al. 2022). This creates a bottom-heavy three-dimensional pattern that does not fully leverage the placement of the clusters within the target stage. This paper explores a newly developed and recently field deployed technology (Watkins et al. 2023a, b) that produces very long fractures in a two-dimensional pattern within a single plane in both limited entry and single-point entry fracturing. This new fracturing system described previously becomes a more efficient alternative to traditional plug-and-perf technology. This process forces fractures to stay in the targeted locations much further to significantly reduce the tendency for a fracture to intrude into adjacent fractures. The net result of keeping fractures within a single plane is a higher EUR over a well’s lifetime for a given unit of fracturing costs since the fractures form in the ideal locations that the producers identified beforehand.
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Wu, Xiaoya, Yiqun Zhang, Chengyu Hui, Haochen Huang, Yawen Tan y Gensheng Li. "Study on the Collapse Behaviors of a Single Cavitation Bubble Near a Concave Wall". En 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0373.
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ABSTRACT The enormous power emitted from cavitation bubbles has been positively utilized in drilling rate improvement and increasingly comes into prominence in oceanic hydrate recovery. Previous studies mentioned that the collapse process of a cavitation bubble near a wall is seriously affected by the wall shape. In present study, the dynamics of a single cavitation bubble near a concave wall with hydrate properties are numerically investigated. The evolutions of the bubble profile varying with the defined parameter θ have been computed. Then, the effect of θ on the bubble volume and collapse time was discussed. Moreover, the cavitation damage towards the concave wall was preliminarily revealed. The simulated results show that the shrinkage process of a cavitation bubble near a concave wall mainly includes a jet penetration stage and a collapse stage. Increasing θ leads to the reduction of bubble shrinkage rate and the extension of collapse time. With the θ varying from 0° to 180°, the pressure at wall center emitted by shock wave increases gradually, while the impinging pressure induced by micro-jet reaches its maximum when θ = 90°. The thermal effect is greatest when θ = 90° due to its higher generated temperature and micro-jet velocity. INTRODUCTION Cavitation demonstrates that the vapor bubbles occur in liquid as the local pressure decreases below the saturated pressure value (Brennen, 2014; Franc & Michel, 2006; Zhang et al., 2017). The source of severe erosion on warship propellers, hydraulic pumps and turbines originates from the collapse of cavitation bubble clouds, in which process the instantaneous high pressure and high temperature are generated (Choi & Chahine, 2016; Franc et al., 2011). Generally, when the bubbles collapse in the vicinity of a wall, they will release shock waves and micro-jets with high velocity. Once its aggressiveness exceeds the threshold determined by the material properties, it will cause deformation, pits and craters on the surface of the material (Choi et al., 2014; Hsiao et al., 2014; Pöhl et al., 2015). Although the cavitation phenomenon is undesirable in many hydraulic engineering situations, the extreme energy generated by cavitation bubbles has been positively used in some technologies. For example, the cavitation jet producing cavitation bubble in flows, has been adopted for pipes cleaning (Bukharin et al., 2020; Peng et al., 2018), drilling rate improvement (Li et al., 2002; Li et al., 2005; Li et al., 2007), and metal peening (Soyama, 2020; Soyama et al., 2011; Soyama et al., 2020).
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Watkins, T., J. Najafov, E. K. Watson y S. Livescu. "Preexistent Sleeve Nozzle Design for Targeted Planar Propagation as a Counter to Stress Shadowing in Hydraulic Fracturing". En ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215999-ms.
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Abstract Fracturing bedrock formations using a pressurized fluid to increase hydrocarbon production has been around since 1866 (Hicks 2013). It has been used in unconventional formations for over six decades since George Mitchell started using it for shale formations (New York Times 2013). For most wells in North America, hydraulic fracturing is usually performed by plug-and-perf (Lehr 2021). To reduce operational complexity, time, and cost time and meet Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) goals, operating companies are in a continuous search for alternative innovative fracturing systems. A new approach to traditional hydraulic fracturing was recently presented, together with several case histories from Texas, the U.S., and Alberta, Canada, showing significantly improved project economics and lower environmental impact (Watkins et al. 2023a, b). Plug-and-perf uses a perforating shape charge gun (Simpson 2017) to trigger charges to create channels through the casing into the adjacent rock formation (Renpu 2011). When the downhole plug seals the well, the high-pressure fracturing fluid is diverted into the channels to fracture the shale formation. While the plug-and-perf method has successfully increased hydrocarbon production, there are areas that can be improved. One key area overdue for efficiency improvement is the perforation cluster efficiency (PCE) of the fracture formation since it is estimated that one-third of perforation clusters fail to extend and have low production efficiencies (Miller et al. 2011; Wheaton et al. 2014). A key problem is stress shadows (Nagel. 2015; Wang et al. 2022), where stresses play a considerable role in fracture formation. Perforations are placed in areas that the producers believe will result in maximum production, but the fracture propagates following underground conditions. This is typically away from earlier fractures. Consequently, the more stages near one another, the more skewed the stress shadows and the more inefficient the well due to the poor fracture network. If stress shadowing can be neutralized, it is likely that a well’s estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) or lifetime production could be one-third greater, given around half of all perforations do not propagate (see Fig. 1 cf. Miller et al. 2011; Wheaton et al. 2014). The magnitude of the problem, especially considering the current ESG trend, means companies should investigate ways to enhance resource extraction—especially if it can be done without incurring additional operating expenses. Figure 1 Many perforations do not propagate, and a minority produces most of the production (Bere 2020; Rahim 2017). A fracture follows the path of least resistance. When conventional perforating guns trigger a fracture, they "create long spiral-patterned perforations that leave the formation undertreated because fluid and proppant tend to flow and settle below the wellbore. Multiple spiral perforations also create competing fractures near the well that impede proppant and fluid penetration during treatment." (Dailey 2002; Li et al. 2022). This creates a bottom-heavy three-dimensional pattern that does not fully leverage the placement of the clusters within the target stage. This paper explores a newly developed and field-deployed technology that produces very long fractures in a two-dimensional pattern within a single plane in both limited entry and single-point entry fracturing. This new fracturing system described previously (Watkins et al. 2023a, b) becomes a more efficient alternative to traditional plug-and-perf technology. This process forces fractures to stay in the targeted locations much further to significantly reduce the tendency for a fracture to intrude into adjacent fractures. The net result of keeping fractures within a single plane is a higher EUR over a well’s lifetime for a given unit of fracturing costs since the fractures form in the ideal locations that the producers identified beforehand. In addition, the new technology utilizes much lower carbon emissions during completions than plug and perf, especially when cradle-to-grave CO2 emissions are considered.
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Odom, Brent A., Carlos A. Ortiz y Patrick E. Phelan. "Critical Heat Flux in Microchannels With an Adjustable Inlet Orifice". En ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2012-58335.
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The benefits of eliminating instabilities in two-phase microchannel flow with inlet orifices come with costs. This study describes the tradeoffs between microchannels with and without inlet orifices, focusing on results from critical heat flux data obtained for various orifice sizes and mass fluxes. An adjustable inlet orifice controlled with a micrometer was placed in front of an array of 31 parallel microchannels each with a hydraulic diameter of 0.235 mm and a length of 1.33 cm. For mass fluxes ranging from 186 kg m−2 s−1 to 847 kg m−2 s−1, critical heat flux (CHF) data were obtained for 7 different orifice sizes. For low flow rates that provided a low quality saturated inlet condition, the difference in CHF values was found to be minimal between open and almost closed orifice conditions. The smallest orifice achieved a CHF value of 5 W cm−2 less than the largest orifice size for a mass flux of 186 kg m−2 s−1, and 7 W cm−2 less for a mass flux of 433 kg m−2 s−1. For mass fluxes higher than 433 kg m−2 s−1, subcooled conditions were present at the orifice inlet, and the highest CHF values occurred with an orifice hydraulic diameter of 35 percent of fully open. For the higher mass flux cases, orifice sizes in the range of 1.8 percent to 28 percent of fully open caused CHF to occur at lower values than less restrictive orifice sizes. This was due to loss of cooling capacity from rapid pressure drop through the orifice. Slightly higher average channel pressures also decrease the refrigerant’s latent heat of vaporization. For the orifice sizes from 35 to 70 percent of unrestricted flow, a very minimal increase in pressure drop over fully open inlet conditions occurred and the general trend was higher CHF values. Very small inlet orifices are beneficial for steady state conditions that do not approach CHF; however, overly restricting the flow at the inlet to microchannels reduces cooling capacity significantly and will cause early onset of CHF. A slightly restrictive inlet orifice will increase CHF.
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Kiss, Vladimir, Viliam Barek y Oliver Obrocnik. "THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE JUGLANS REGIA L. IN THE SPRING MONTHS IN SLOVAKIA". En 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/5.1/s20.34.
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Several organizations warn of the increase in temperature and the associated extreme climatic conditions for life on Earth. The aim of this article is to point out the influence of climatic conditions on the development of walnut (Juglans regia L.) in the spring months (11.5. � 18.6.) in the years 2018 � 2019, which were above-normal to temperature-normal (compared to the climatic normal 1991 � 2020) and in the years 2021 � 2022, which were below normal temperatures. The impact of the amount of precipitation was also compared. Diameter Dendrometer Small dendrometers (Ecomatik) were used for the research on irrigated and non-irrigated variants. The results showed that in 2018 and 2019, at higher temperatures and also with a short-term lack of precipitation, the increase in averages was higher. However, in the years 2021 and 2022, with the below normal temperature period in the spring and the lack of moisture, especially in the June, with additional irrigation with micro sprinklers did not help, and the increases are low for both the irrigated and non-irrigated variants. Climate change is currently present in all sectors of the economy, and such research is necessary for better adaptation of humans and plants on Earth.
Informes sobre el tema "2012 a-186"
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Flores, Rubén, Gonzalo Rondinone, Carmine Paolo De Salvo y Gonzalo Muñoz. Políticas agropecuarias, acuícolas y pesqueras en Ecuador: análisis y cuantificación de los apoyos en 2017-2021 y su vinculación con las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, octubre de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005174.
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Este documento presenta una actualización y revisión del análisis de políticas públicas de apoyo al sector agropecuario de Ecuador para el periodo 2017-2021. Entre 2011 y 2021, el sector agropecuario representó el 8,1 % del producto interno bruto, con un crecimiento anual promedio de 2,3 %, mientras que la acuacultura y la pesca representaron un 1,1 % del PIB. A partir de 2017, el sector agropecuario experimentó una disminución en su crecimiento promedio anual, situación que se agravó con la pandemia de la COVID-19 en 2020. El total anual de apoyos de política que recibió el sector agropecuario promedió USD 581 millones durante el período 2017-2021, que se compara con los USD 923 millones registrados en el periodo 2013-2016. Se destaca, en particular, una fuerte reducción del Estimado de Apoyo Total en 2021, cuando alcanzó su mínimo, USD 94 millones. El Estimado de Apoyo al Productor (EAP) representó, en promedio, el 6,59 % de los ingresos percibidos por el sector agropecuario en 2017-2021, lo que se compara con el 9,10 % del periodo 2013-2016, inferior en ambos casos al promedio de América Latina y el Caribe (12,5 %), y sustancialmente menor que el nivel de apoyos brindados en los países de la OCDE (18 %). Además, el indicador de Apoyo a Servicios Generales (EASG) presenta una reducción del 58%, cuyo promedio para el período 2017-2021 fue de USD 59 millones, comparado con el promedio de USD 140 millones del período 2013-2016. Se profundizó el análisis de los apoyos por productos y su contribución al total de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, lo que permitió concluir que las políticas agropecuarias que generan diferencias entre los precios al productor y la referencia internacional están dirigidas a actividades con menor impacto en el cambio climático en el país. En este estudio se presenta, por primera vez para Ecuador, el cálculo del Estimado de Apoyo a la Pesca (FSE). El sector pesquero y acuícola en Ecuador ha ganado importancia debido a su dinámica productiva, especialmente en las capturas de atún y camarón, que representan más del 70 % del valor agregado bruto del sector. El apoyo total ha experimentado un incremento del 20 %, pasando de USD 22,61 millones en 2017 a USD 30,64 millones en 2021. Las transferencias presupuestarias han aumentado de USD 14,7 millones en 2017 a USD 17,2 millones en 2021 y se destinan, en gran medida, a la gestión de recursos pesqueros, investigación y desarrollo, provisión de infraestructura y ordenamiento pesquero. La sistematización de datos aquí provista sobre el apoyo recibido por el sector permite identificar oportunidades para optimizar la asignación de recursos, lo que implica identificar posibles áreas de mejora en cuanto a la eficiencia y efectividad del uso de los recursos disponibles.
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Gray, Cheryl y Monika Huppi. Approach Paper: Evaluation of IDB-9 Commitments. Inter-American Development Bank, junio de 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010679.
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The IDB-9 Agreement included a requirement that the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) conduct a mid-term review to determine to what extent IDB was implementing the IDB-9 mandates fully and effectively. OVE undertook the reviewduring 2012 and delivered it to the Board in December 2012. The institutional strategy laid out in the IDB-9 agreement extended until 2015, at which time the accomplishments under the strategy and the IDB-9 Results Framework were to be evaluated and a follow-on strategy was to be adopted. The Results Framework specified 2015 as the target date for achieving many IDB-9 mandates, in line with the strategy period. In 2016, the Board of Directors requested that OVE include an IDB-9 evaluation in its 2017-18 work program, to be delivered before the Annual Meetings in Mendoza, Argentina in March 2018. OVE's Mid-Term Evaluation was intended as an early progress report, and as such it focused primarily in detail on the first three years of implementation of the IDB-9 mandates. This evaluation intends to take a broader approach to focus not only on implementation but also on IDB's achievements to date under IDB-9 and their implications going forward.
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Rincón-Castro, Hernán. ¿Cuánto tributan efectivamente el consumo, el trabajo y el capital en Colombia? Cálculos con las Cuentas Nacionales base 2015. Banco de la República, mayo de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1161.
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A partir de un análisis que no es contable ni financiero sino económico, Rincón-Castro y Delgado-Rojas (2017) calculan para Colombia las tasas efectivas promedio de tributación sobre el consumo y los factores de producción trabajo y capital para el período comprendido entre 1994 y 2016. Para su estudio los autores utilizan las Cuentas Nacionales del DANE bases 1994 y 2005. El objetivo del presente estudio es realizar los mismos cálculos y con la misma metodología para el período 2005-2019, pero con las Cuentas Nacionales base 2015. Los resultados indican que el cambio de base produjo una reducción sustancial de las tasas efectivas del trabajo y del capital. Por ejemplo, para 2016, la tasa efectiva promedio del trabajo se redujo en 3 puntos porcentuales y del capital en 6 puntos porcentuales. ¿Cuál es la explicación? Los cambios de las bases tributarias que introdujo la nueva base de la contabilidad nacional, ya que la metodología de cálculo, las definiciones de las tasas, los parámetros y los supuestos no cambian. Entre 2017 y 2019 se suman los efectos de las leyes de reforma tributaria 819 de 2016 y 1943 de 2018. Los cálculos para 2019 indican que la tasa efectiva promedio de tributación del consumo es 12,7%, del trabajo es 18% y del capital es 15%. La desagregación de la tasa del trabajo muestra que la tasa de los salarios es 2,3%, de la nómina es 2,7% y de la seguridad social es 13%. La desagregación de la tasa del capital muestra que la de los hogares, quienes son los dueños del capital, es 3,8%, mientras que la de las sociedades es 21,1%. Así, los impuestos en Colombia no son efectivamente tan altos, pero tampoco tan bajos ni tan bien repartidos.
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Gachot, Sebastien, Carmine Paolo De Salvo y Gonzalo Rondinone. Analysis of Agricultural Policies in Jamaica (2015-2019). Inter-American Development Bank, diciembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003901.
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The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in Jamaicas economic development by contributing to employment (15.93% of the active population in 2019; higher than the regional average) and exports (18% of total exports in 2019). This monograph offers an update of the Producer Support Estimate (PSE) methodology applied to Jamaica for the period 2015-2019 and documents the evolution of agricultural policies-related GHG emissions over the same period. Between 2015 and 2019, the market price support remained, by far, the main PSE component in Jamaica, heavily concentrated in the poultry subsector, followed by sugar. The positive trend in non-distorting General Service Support Estimate (GSSE) observed between 2012 and 2014 came to a halt. %GSSE even slightly decreased between 2015 and 2019, making Jamaica lag even further behind other countries. Concerning the GHG emissions, the picture has not changed significantly either. The poultry and sugar subsectors remained those that received most policy support and those that emitted the most. Several policy recommendations arise from this report, such as a shift away from an over-reliance of policy support on MPS and an increased focus on less-distortive forms of support, such as GSSE. Additional R&D investments, physical infrastructures, climate risk management systems would help address some of the agricultural sectors most pressing productivity and profitability issues. Lastly, it is advisable to diversify and rebalance the support provided by agricultural policies across subsectors to better align agricultural policy goals with GHG emissions reduction objective.
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Sheridan, Anne. Annual report on migration and asylum 2016: Ireland. ESRI, noviembre de 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/sustat65.
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The Annual Report on Migration and Asylum 2016 provides an overview of trends, policy developments and significant debates in the area of asylum and migration during 2016 in Ireland. Some important developments in 2016 included: The International Protection Act 2015 was commenced throughout 2016. The single application procedure under the Act came into operation from 31 December 2016. The International Protection Office (IPO) replaced the Office of the Refugee Applications Commissioner (ORAC) from 31 December 2016. The first instance appeals body, the International Protection Appeals Tribunal (IPAT), replacing the Refugee Appeals Tribunal (RAT), was established on 31 December 2016. An online appointments system for all registrations at the Registration Office in Dublin was introduced. An electronic Employment Permits Online System (EPOS) was introduced. The Irish Short Stay Visa Waiver Programme was extended for a further five years to October 2021. The Second National Action Plan to Prevent and Combat Human Trafficking was published. 2016 was the first full year of implementation of the Irish Refugee Protection Programme (IRPP). A total of 240 persons were relocated to Ireland from Greece under the relocation strand of the programme and 356 persons were resettled to Ireland. Following an Oireachtas motion, the Government agreed to allocate up to 200 places to unaccompanied minors who had been living in the former migrant camp in Calais and who expressed a wish to come to Ireland. This figure is included in the overall total under the IRPP. Ireland and Jordan were appointed as co-facilitators in February 2016 to conduct preparatory negotiations for the UN high level Summit for Refugees and Migrants. The New York Declaration, of September 2016, sets out plans to start negotiations for a global compact for safe, orderly and regular migration and a global compact for refugees to be adopted in 2018. Key figures for 2016: There were approximately 115,000 non-EEA nationals with permission to remain in Ireland in 2016 compared to 114,000 at the end of 2015. Net inward migration for non-EU nationals is estimated to be 15,700. The number of newly arriving immigrants increased year-on-year to 84,600 at April 2017 from 82,300 at end April 2016. Non-EU nationals represented 34.8 per cent of this total at end April 2017. A total of 104,572 visas, both long stay and short stay, were issued in 2016. Approximately 4,127 persons were refused entry to Ireland at the external borders. Of these, 396 were subsequently admitted to pursue a protection application. 428 persons were returned from Ireland as part of forced return measures, with 187 availing of voluntary return, of which 143 were assisted by the International Organization for Migration Assisted Voluntary Return Programme. There were 532 permissions of leave to remain granted under section 3 of the Immigration Act 1999 during 2016. A total of 2,244 applications for refugee status were received in 2016, a drop of 32 per cent from 2015 (3,276). 641 subsidiary protection cases were processed and 431 new applications for subsidiary protection were submitted. 358 applications for family reunification in respect of recognised refugees were received. A total of 95 alleged trafficking victims were identified, compared with 78 in 2015.
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Frost, Jennifer J., Jennifer Mueller y Zoe H. Pleasure. Trends and Differentials in Receipt of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in the United States: Services Received and Sources of Care, 2006–2019. Guttmacher Institute, junio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1363/2021.33017.
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Key Points Seven in 10 U.S. women of reproductive age, some 44 million women, make at least one medical visit to obtain sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services each year. While the overall number of women receiving any SRH service remained relatively stable between 2006–2010 and 2015–2019, the number of women receiving preventive gynecologic care fell and the number receiving STI testing doubled. Disparities in use of SRH services persist, as Hispanic women are significantly less likely than non-Hispanic White women to receive SRH services, and uninsured women are significantly less likely to receive services than privately insured women. Publicly funded clinics remain critical sources of SRH care for many women, with younger women, lower income women, women of color, foreign-born women, women with Medicaid coverage and women who are uninsured especially likely to rely on publicly funded clinics. Among women who go to clinics for SRH care, two-thirds report that the clinic is their usual source for medical care. Among those relying on both private providers and public clinics, the proportion of women who reported receiving a combination of contraceptive and STI/HIV care increased between 2006–2010 and 2015–2019. Implementation of the Affordable Care Act has likely contributed to some of the changes observed in where women receive contraceptive and other SRH services and how they pay for that care: The share of women receiving contraceptive services who go to private providers rose from 69% to 77% between 2006–2010 and 2015–2019, in part because more women gained private or public health insurance coverage and there was a greater likelihood that their health insurance would cover SRH services. There was a complementary drop in the share of women receiving contraceptive services who went to a publicly funded clinic, from 27% in 2006–2010 to 18% in 2015–2019. For non-Hispanic Black women, immigrant women and uninsured women, there was no increase in the use of private providers for contraceptive care from 2006–2010 to 2015–2019. Among women served at publicly funded clinics between 2006–2010 and 2015–2019, there were significant increases in the use of both public and private insurance to pay for their care.
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Tian, Nan, Siemon T. Wezeman, Pieter D. Wezeman, Aude Fleurant y Alexandra Kuimova. Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2018. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, marzo de 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/sxak9616.
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The volume of international transfers of major arms in 2014–18 was 7.8 per cent higher than in 2009–13 and 23 per cent higher than in 2004–2008. The five largest exporters in 2014–18 were the United States, Russia, France, Germany and China. The five largest importers were Saudi Arabia, India, Egypt, Australia and Algeria. The flow of arms to the Middle East increased by 87 per cent between 2009–13 and 2014–18, while there was a decrease in flows to all other regions. From 11 March 2019 the freely accessible SIPRI Arms Transfers Database includes updated data on arms transfers for 1950–2018. Based on the new data, this Fact Sheet highlights global and regional trends and selected issues related to arms transfers.
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Jacinto, Miguel, Anabela Pereira dos Santos de Vitorino, Rui Matos, Diogo Mendes y Teresa Bento. Effects of a physical exercise program on the quality of life in individuals with intellectual disability: systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, noviembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0025.
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Review question / Objective: The objective of the present study is, through the methodology of systematic review, to identify the benefits in QoL, starting from a PE program in individuals with ID and relate them to the model of Schalock et al. (2002). Condition being studied: In individuals with ID, characterized by a deficit of intellectual and adaptive functioning in the conceptual, social and practical domains, identified with mild, moderate, severe and profound degrees and develops before 18 or 22 years old (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Schalock et al., 2010; 2021), measuring QoL allows: i) to understand their degree of satisfaction; ii) understand personal perceptions; iii) support decision-making; iv) evaluate the intervention; v) evaluate theoretical models. This measurement allows us to direct the individual to the life he likes and values (Schalock & Verdugo, 2002). Thus, the objective of the present study is, through the methodology of systematic review, to identify the benefits in QoL, starting from a PE program in individuals with ID and relate them to the model of Schalock et al. (2002).
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Larramendy, Peter, Linnea Hall y Annie Little. Landbird trends 2016–2021, and 2021 annual report: Channel Islands National Park. National Park Service, agosto de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299629.
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The National Park Service (NPS) began monitoring landbirds at Channel Islands National Park in 1993 as part of its long-term inventory and monitoring program. The park’s landbird monitoring later became part of the NPS Inventory and Monitoring Division’s Mediterranean Coast Network long-term monitoring programs. Consequently, landbird monitoring has been conducted during every breeding season since 1993. In this report, we summarize data collected during the 2021 breeding season and we analyze trends in a select number of species. Landbird monitoring was conducted between 10 March and 22 May 2021. Using distance-based sampling methods in a standardized protocol, birds were counted on 334 of 338 permanent point count stations (99%) across the Channel Islands monitored for landbirds. These surveys were conducted at 29 of 33 points on Santa Barbara Island, 8 of 8 on East Anacapa Islet, 112 of 112 on Santa Cruz Island, 40 of 40 on San Miguel Island, and 145 of 145 on Santa Rosa Island. Four points on Santa Barbara Island were not counted due to nesting California Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) and Western Gulls (Larus occidentalis); 3 of 4 points (i.e., 17, 19, and 20) were also not counted in 2016–2021 to avoid disturbing breeding pelicans. This was the first monitoring season that the permanent line transects on Santa Barbara, East Anacapa, and San Miguel Islands were not surveyed. During the 2021 monitoring season, Channel Islands National Park decided to stop using line transects and focus on point count stations only, based on an external review of the landbird monitoring program. Fifty-six bird species were counted at point count stations across all of the islands in 2021. Parkwide, 40 of these species are breeders in Channel Islands National Park. Parkwide, the 10 most detected breeding landbirds in 2021 were, in descending order: Spotted Towhee, Song Sparrow, Bewick’s Wren, Orange-crowned Warbler, House Finch, Western Meadowlark, Horned Lark, Common Raven, Island Scrub-Jay, and Pacific-slope Flycatcher (scientific names in Table 2 and Appendix A). On East Anacapa Islet, 26 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 7 species were counted in 2021. No new transient species were detected in 2021; 6 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island overall since 1993. On Santa Barbara Island, 50 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 13 species were counted in 2021. Lincoln’s Sparrow was a new transient species counted in 2021 on Santa Barbara; 23 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Cruz Island, 78 landbird species have been counted since 2013; 45 species were counted in 2021. Hermit Warbler, Lawrence’s Goldfinch and Warbling Vireo were new transient species counted in 2021 on Santa Cruz Island; 21 transient or visiting species have been counted on this island since 2013. On San Miguel Island, 70 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 10 were counted in 2021. No transient species were counted in 2021; 32 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Rosa Island, 78 landbird species have been counted since 1994; 39 were detected in 2021. No new transient species were counted in 2021 on Santa Rosa; 21 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1994. Nonnative and invasive birds were counted on only 1 of the 5 islands in 2021: 23 European Starlings on Santa Rosa Island. However, anecdotal sightings of nonnative species occurred more frequently (i.e., outside of survey times) on Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa Islands in 2021. The highest numbers of nonnative species detections occurred on Santa Rosa Island, with 25 detections of Eurasian Collared Dove (primarily at the Historic Ranch), 18 detections of European Starling (Historic Ranch), 2 detections of Brown-headed Cowbird, and 1 Rock Pigeon detection (Historic Ranch). Other species were not reported by Channel Islands National Park landbird monitors or in eBird in 2021. This was the first annual monitoring report since the Coonan and Dye (2016) trend report to incorporate density estimates for particular species across Channel Islands National Park. Parkwide, 13 species were analyzed using the Distance Package in R. Of the 13 species analyzed, 5 had either increasing or decreasing densities from 2016 to 2021. All park islands except for Santa Barbara had a species that showed an increasing or decreasing trend from 2016 to 2021. Horned Lark and House Finch on San Miguel Island were the only species to show decreasing trends from 2016 to 2021, which is opposite from the trend presented by Coonan and Dye (2016).
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Tian, Nan, Aude Fleurant, Alexandra Kuimova, Pieter Wezeman y Siemon Wezeman. Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2018. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, abril de 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/ufdk7864.
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World military expenditure is estimated to have been $1822 billion in 2018. It was 2.6 per cent higher in real terms than in 2017 and 5.4 per cent higher than in 2009. Global military spending has been gradually rising following a post-2009 low in 2014. It is now 76 per cent higher than the post-cold war low in 1998. This Fact Sheet presents regional and selected national military expenditure data for 2018 and trends over the decade 2009–18. The data is from the updated SIPRI Military Expenditure Database, which provides military expenditure data by country for the years 1949–2018.