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陳聰富, 陳聰富. "債務人為第三人行為負責". 月旦法學雜誌 321, n.º 321 (febrero de 2022): 6–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/1025593132101.
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<div>民法第224條規定債務人須為履行輔助人之行為負責，擴大債務人之責任範圍，在現代社會分工現象普遍化的時代，具有重要意義。本文檢討各國債務人為第三人負責之法例，就履行輔助人之意義，認為不以債務人得以監督或指揮第三人為必要。在共同使用人之情形，應容許使用人相互主張與有過失法則之適用。就債之履行的範圍，應包含使用人利用職務上之機會，侵害債權人固有利益之行為。至於商品供應商提供瑕疵商品，出賣人亦應負賠償責任。</div> <div><br /></div>
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FAN, Ruiping. "研究方法論的轉向 (代導言)". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 7, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2009): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.71467.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese本期論文是從香港浸會大學應用倫理學研究中心舉辦的第三屆「建構中國生命倫理學」研討會中挑選出來的有關儒家生命倫理學的論文。這些論文各具特點：有的側重探索理倫層面，有的主要關注實踐領域；有的討論一般問題，有的則試圖解決具體問題；有的分析外來主張是否同中國文化相互適應，有的則用中國倫理評判國際宣言。這些論文的共同之處，是以儒家的倫理學說為基礎來構建自己的論證；在“理論”方面，都帶有鮮明的中國特色。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 30 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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ZHANG, Ellen Y. "導言: 中國生命倫理學——詮釋、理解與應用". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 10, n.º 2 (1 de enero de 2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.101517.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese以原則主義為基礎的生命倫理學系統一直是生命倫理學討論中的主導話題。而這一產生於上世紀70 年代美國的倫理學思想，如何被詮釋、理解並應用於中國文化之傳統與現實，是一個值得深思的議題。正是基於這個原因，香港浸會大學應用倫理學研究中心在過去6 年的每個暑期都舉辦一場中國生命倫理學的研討會。今年的研討會的關鍵議題包括：(1) 從西方文化與經濟的危機中看生命倫理學原則的一般性與特定性；(2) 生命倫理學的一般原則在當今中國實際應用中的困境；(3) 建構中國生命倫理學的必要性與方法論。本刊物收集了今年暑期研討會的部分論文。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 88 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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貞妤, 劉., 陳. 浩然 y 吳. 鑑城. "人文社會科學語料庫與學術搭配詞檢索系統之建置與專業華語教學". Chinese as a Second Language Research 8, n.º 1 (24 de abril de 2019): 143–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/caslar-2019-0006.
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提要：有鑑於專業華語的研究與教材仍為不足，本研究基以人文社會科學領域之高頻詞，應用以網路為語料庫的概念，自網頁擷取了約 4 千 3 百萬字之語料建置人文社會科學語料庫，並據此建置學術搭配詞檢索系統，可提供豐富搭配詞資訊與例句為教學與教材編纂所用。與收錄一般語料之中央研究院平衡語料庫相比亦發現，本系統可提供較多學術相關之搭配詞，彰顯此語料庫之學術色彩，亦顯示此種語料庫建置方式有其效用，可應用於未來專業華語之探究。
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邱信智, 邱信智. "淺談鈍感彈藥發展-論我國軍彈藥整備作為之省思". 陸軍後勤季刊 112, n.º 2 (mayo de 2023): 047–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230674382023051122004.
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ZHANG, Ellen Y. "前言: 當代生命倫理學所面臨的問題: 共性與殅性". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 17, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.171661.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese當代生命倫理學有幾個具有時代印記的問題，如老年化社會的危機，醫學生物科技的挑戰，醫患關係的重新定位，從傳統醫學治療（medical treatment）轉向健康護理（healthcare）所引發的醫療費用的增長等等。我們對這些問題的倫理思考，既需要文化普遍性的考量，也需要文化特殊性的斟酌。本期所刊登的文章，部分來自香港浸會大學應用倫理學中心於2019年5月在廣州舉辦的第十三屆「建構中國生命倫理學」研討會。其中不少問題仍然涉及到如何看待西方生命倫理學原則在中國語境下的應用與踐。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 38 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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倫, 杜佳. "論「抴/曳」與「掣」的源流關係及其在閩南、閩東若干方言的發展演變". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 12, n.º 2 (27 de mayo de 2020): 149–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-01202002.
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提要 本文藉由彙整、析論古漢語「抴/曳」與「掣」的語義用法及其所處語詞孳生脈絡，對照閩南、閩東若干方言相關語詞的語義用法及其發展演變，閩南方言以廈門話、台灣閩南語為例，閩東方言則以福州話、馬來西亞詩巫閩清話為例，進而探究兩者之間密切的源流關係以及方言內部的個別發展。我們一方面彙整閩南方言tsʰua7、tsʰuaʔ4 具體的語義用例，同時也列舉閩東方言相應語詞的語義用例；另一方面藉由爬梳古漢語文獻來詳細探究漢語詞「抴/曳」與「掣」的語義用法以及其音義孳乳關係；最後從歷史音韻規則與語義對應關係，辨析漢語詞「抴/曳/掣/泄」在閩語的發展與演變。
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甘, 炳光. "引入服務使用者參與的社工教學方法". Hong Kong Journal of Social Work 56, n.º 01n02 (enero de 2022): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219246222000092.
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近代在推行社工服務的過程中，都開始著重服務使用者有更大的參與。但是，在本地的社工教學中，服務使用者參與並未得到應有的重視和推廣，社工教育未有多思考和討論如何引入服務使用者參與去促進社工教學。本文的目的就是探討服務使用者參與和社工教學的關係，討論服務使用者參與對社工專業訓練的作用，更會介紹筆者在香港引入服務使用者參與的社工教學方法和經驗，分析應用這些方法的成效，最後總結引入服務使用者參與的社工教學方法對社工教育的啟示。
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ZHANG, Ellen Y. "導言". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 6, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2008): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.61451.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese2008 年暑期，香港浸會大學應用倫理學研究中心舉辦了第二屆「建構中國生命倫理學」研討會，這是繼首屆應用倫理學研討會成功之後又一次重要的學術活動。與會學者從不同的角度著重探討當代生命倫理學所面臨的具體問題，與此同時，研討會涉及了中國傳統倫理價值系統（尤其是儒家）與當代生命倫理學互動互利的可能性。本期刊物呈現給讀者的文章，均由這屆研討會中的論文選編而成。另外，本期還附加羅秉祥教授的一篇論文，他是這次研討會主講人之一。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 150 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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連世昌, 連世昌. "贈與規劃與稅捐規避行為之探討──評釋最高行政法院109年裁字第383號裁定【月旦時論】". 月旦財稅實務釋評 43, n.º 43 (julio de 2023): 017–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/270692572023070043002.
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陳龍昇, 陳龍昇. "由歐盟Fack Ju Göhte案探討歐盟商標規則公序良俗條款之判斷". 中正財經法學 26, n.º 26 (enero de 2023): 099–148. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/207873752023010026002.
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<p>歐盟商標規則第7條第1項第(f)款規定，商標違反公共秩序或善良風俗者，不予註冊。公共秩序與善良風俗乃一抽象法律概念而不易判斷，其範圍界定需考量國內的風俗文化，解釋亦應謹慎為之以避免逾越表意與言論自由之範疇。是以，應依如何標準而認定，以避免流於個人主觀好惡，即為重要。2019年歐盟法院於「Fack Ju Göhte」判決就前揭規定之適用見解，對於歐盟商標實務具有相當重要性。公共秩序與善良風俗之概念會隨時間、社會環境、文化發展背景差異而有不同的範圍，在解釋時應採較為嚴格的定義，界定真正為斯時社會大眾所認知、接受的道德規範。審查申請註冊之商標是否有妨害公共秩序或違反善良風俗時，應就該商標之實際使用情形與各項客觀使用事證綜合考量，並依商標所用語言界定相關大眾，依商標使用時的社會環境，綜合考量所有事證，依一般合理相關大眾之認知，審酌系爭商標是否有牴觸一般合理社會大眾所能接受的道德觀感與社會價值。</p> <p> </p>
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張志偉, 張志偉. "憲法財產權保障的陰影－論徵收收回權的解釋困境". 中正財經法學 26, n.º 26 (enero de 2023): 149–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/207873752023010026003.
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<p>大法官歷年來多次強調，財產權應予保障，然於行政實務上仍難發揮撥亂反正之效。何故？之所以我國仍多有浮濫徵收之情況，位居徵收補償制度末端但絕非不重要的收回權制度不彰，應為原因之一。收回權原始之制度目的本在於，防止政府假公益之名，濫用土地徵收權，但卻因歷年來立法文本、行政實務、法院裁判（例），乃至於決議及大法官解釋嚴格以對，形成因「立法條文－行政函釋－最高行判例及決議－大法官解釋」極度限縮收回權，因而造成濫用徵收機制之可能。本文之作，即針對徵收收回權的解釋困境，提出不同的解釋可能。</p> <p> </p>
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王榮進, 王榮進, 余文德 Rong-Jin Wang, 廖珗洲 廖珗洲, 張憲寬 張憲寬 y 林子怡 林子怡. "AIoT影像感測器在建築物安全應用與效益研究". 建築學報 122, n.º 122 (diciembre de 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/101632122022120122001.
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因應近年來人工智慧深度學習技術在電腦視覺、影像辨識上快速發展，使得原本必須透過雲端平台進行決策判斷之任務，已經可以由AIoT感測器端的邊緣運算來提供即時影像辨識結果，不但加速決策之即時性，亦有助於改善資訊之安全性。本研究探討如何應用AIoT影像感測器（AIoT-IS）提升智慧建築之效能，及其在未來智慧生活空間之應用潛力。本文透過次級資料分析、專家訪談與效益分析模型設計，共歸納AIoT-IS於建築生命週期四個階段18種可能應用情境類型；並提出｢建築智慧科技應用成本效益分析模式CAMITA）｣以做為AIoT-IS之應用效益分析方法。經兩個模擬案例效益評估試算發現：在｢建築施工中工地安全監控｣案例中，淨現值指標（NPVI）為20.21%，而益本比（BCR）則為5.10；另外，在｢建築使用營運階段之智慧社區安全管理｣案例中，其NPVI為12.63%，而BCR則為2.10；可見AIoT-IS在建築物安全應用確實具有明顯效益。另外，透過專家訪談亦發現，AIoT-IS之應用也存在著潛在之社會風險；不同利害關係人對於AIoT-IS於建築物安全應用之期待效益、成本接受度、未來發展潛力，以及社會風險之感受度亦皆有不同。本文最後針對建築安全之利害關係人對於AIoT-IS於建築物安全應用之相關議題，歸納出具體建議，以提供建築工程不同參與單位之參考。Thanks to the fast development of Deep Learning and Computer Visualization, the traditional cloud-based decision-making can be carried out with the edge-computing of AIoT Image Sensors (AIoT-IS), and thus improve the timeliness and security of image recognition. This study aims to investigate the potential scenarios and the associated benefits of AIoT-IS applications. Through literature review, expert interviews, and benefit analysis model development, this study summarizes 18 AIoT-IS application scenarios categorizedinto four different phases of building lifecycle and a ''Cost/benefit Analysis Model for Intelligent building Technology Adoption, CAMITA)'' is proposed for benefit evaluation of AIoT-IS for building safety monitoring. According to the results of two simulated case studies, AIoT-IS achieves significant benefits, with Net Present Value Index (NPVI) of 20.21% and Benefit/Cost Ratio (BCR) of 5.10 in ''Case (I)-AIoT image sensing for construction site safety monitoring'', and also achievesNPVI of 12.63% and BCR of 2.10 in ''Case (II)-AIoT images sensing adoption in the security control of smart community.'' The interviews with the domain experts also point out potential threats and risks while adopting AIoT image sensing in building safety monitoring. Different interviewees (stakeholders of buildings) have different perspectives on the benefits and risks of such an innovative technology from the angles of their priority issues, expected benefits, application limitations and implementation obstacles. Finally, suggestions are summarized for stakeholders of buildings regarding the safety monitoring the application of AIoT-IS to provide references for different interested parties of building projects.
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CHEUNG, Peggy PY. "Review of Various Step Test Protocols for Use in Assessing Aerobic Fitness in Schools". Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 18, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2012): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.181849.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
Among the commonly used field tests, the step test is a practical field assessment that provides acceptable validity and resolves the concerns on space and time requirement for implementation in Hong Kong schools. The present paper reviews various step test protocols and discusses the concerns on step test implementation. Recommendation on step test implementation in assessing children’s aerobic fitness in school setting was discussed.
在眾多的場地測試中，台階測試是其中一項適合作為應用在學校之心肺耐力測試的方法，本文旨在介紹不同台階測試的模式，以及討論有關研究及應用台階測試之相關事項。
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黃, 天樹. "殷墟卜辭“其”字及其搭配和對舉". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 13, n.º 2 (16 de diciembre de 2020): 323–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-01302009.
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摘要 以往講殷墟卜辭“其”字的論著，大都討論單音虛詞“其”字，對“其”字跟其它虛詞（或實詞）的搭配和對舉討論較少。本文重點討論跟語氣副詞“其”字有關的搭配和對舉。本文認為語氣副詞“其”字主要表示以下四種語氣：第一，表將要語氣；第二，表疑惑語氣；第三，表不願意語氣；第四，表能否應驗的語氣。于省吾（1979）認為：“甲骨文的其字除去用作句首發語詞外，其餘的均作助動詞的該字用。”從卜辭內容看，難以成立。同時，本文討論了“‘其’字規則”、“驗辭無‘其’規則”。
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黃, 大傑, 仲康 梁, 斯曉 鍾, 毅寧 伍 y 達裕 游. "單次諮詢於男士服務中的應用及成效". Hong Kong Journal of Social Work 57, n.º 01n02 (enero de 2023): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021924622330007x.
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酆景文, 酆景文 y 萬毓澤 萬毓澤. "演化思維與社會理論：以Steven Pinker與Jared Diamond的暴力論述為例". 社會分析 18, n.º 18 (diciembre de 2020): 101–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/221866892020120018004.
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<p>Steven Pinker和Jared Diamond先後提出「現代社會較傳統社會和平」的觀點，並大量使用（演化）生物學與認知科學概念來建構理論，引發社會學、人類學界的許多批評。部分爭議來自於他們將一般被視為生物學範疇的演化思維運用於解釋人類社會。然而，近年來的許多研究已告訴我們：以變異、遺傳（複製）、選擇等抽象原則構成的「一般化達爾文主義」等理論架構，已能應用於生物現象「之外」的人文社會現象。據此，本文藉助「一般化達爾文主義」的架構，細緻地勾勒Pinker和Diamond如何將演化思維應用在暴力理論，並處理人文社會學界對他們的批評。此外，本文也嘗試提出演化思維可能如何啟發社會科學界對暴力與現代性等議題的思考。</p> <p> </p><p>Steven Pinker and Jared Diamond successively advanced the thesis that modern society is more peaceful than traditional society. They employed extensive arguments from evolutionary biology and cognitive science to develop their theories, which have received criticism from sociologists and anthropologists alike. Some believe that employing evolutionary theory to explain human society is highly controversial. Nevertheless, “generalized Darwinism,” a framework characterized by three abstract principles variation, inheritance, and selection has been applied to other disciplines. Thus, on the basis of a framework of generalized Darwinism, this study illustrates how Pinker and Diamond construct theories of violence through evolutionary thinking and how they are criticized by sociologists and anthropologists. Additionally, in this paper, evolutionary thinking is highlighted as an inspiration for reconsidering violence, modernity, and their interrelation.</p> <p> </p>
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IP, King Tak. "儒家家庭價值的應用與生物科技倫理". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 12, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2014): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.121554.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.隨着科技的發展，當代社會出現了好些新的道德議題。學者嘗試從不同的宗教、哲學及文化傳統，如儒家角度，回應這些議題。部分學者在詮釋儒家傳統時，卻往往只選取某些儒家的重要概念，或引用某些儒家重要的經典，然後論證儒家在回應某議題的適切性。但是，儒家並非僅僅是一套哲學的系統。儒家在過往千多年，一直為中國社會提供生活的指導原則。所以，我們關注的，應是如果將儒家這些原則應用到今天相關議題時，將出現怎樣的狀况；以及這些原則在歷史上的應用又能否為當代建構儒家倫理提供在概念與經典外的資源。本文探索的，正是建構儒家倫理的方法問題。筆者嘗試從儒家的婚姻家庭價值及其在歷史上的具體應用，看它對當代中國在生物科技方面的抉擇帶來什麼影響。如果儒家是一個活傳統，其價值觀在過往的應用亦應可為今日的處境帶來洞見，同時亦展現出儒家倫理歷久不變的價值。In response to the challenges presented by ever-emerging moral issues in contemporary society, ethicists try to obtain input from different religious, philosophical and cultural traditions, and Confucianism is a popular choice. In following Confucian ethics, people grasp important Confucian concepts, quote important passages from the Classics and engage in exegesis to argue for the contemporary relevancy of Confucianism and Confucian ethics. However, because Confucianism is a living tradition that has guided Chinese life for years, other questions must be addressed when considering Confucian ethics. How have Confucian principles been applied historically to handle similar issues? Can these past applications serve as a source for addressing contemporary Confucian ethics? This paper considers how people adhere to Confucian ethics. The author determines how select Confucian family values have been applied in the past to help the Chinese to achieve major objectives related to marriage and family, and shows how they apply to the use of biotechnology in contemporary China. The paper contends that if Confucianism remains a living Chinese tradition, its past applications should give insights, however heuristic, into how people currently adhere to Confucian ethics.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 538 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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Jacques (向柏霖), Guillaume. "How Many *-s Suffixes in Old Chinese? (古漢語有多少個 -s 後綴?)". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 9, n.º 2 (22 de junio de 2016): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-00902014.
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This paper presents potential cognates of the qusheng derivations in more conservative languages of the Trans-Himalayan family, in particular Rgyalrongic and Kiranti. It is suggested in particular that the valency-increasing uses of the qusheng could be related to the applicative -t suffix and that its valency-decreasing uses may be a trace of the reflexive -si suffix. 本文將去聲構擬為*-s或*-t，並提出去聲別義可能與漢藏語系存古語言中的不同後綴同源，去聲的使動和應動的用法可能對應基蘭梯語的應動-t後綴，而被動和反被動的功能則可能是反身後綴-si的痕跡。(This article is in English.)
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石塚翔, 石塚翔 y 田中宏昌 田中宏昌. "作為〝民族誌研究者〞的跨文化商務實踐人：在COVID-19的環境下跟〝類似的他人〞一起工作". 語文與國際研究期刊 27, n.º 27 (junio de 2022): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/181147172022060027007.
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<p>跨文化交際的能力被認為是在國際化環境下工作的人應具備的基本特質之一。最近的研究表明，培養民族誌技能會幫助員工提高跨文化交際能力。民族誌學者接受過專業訓練，通過仔細觀察來理解〝他人〞的文化。然而，很少有研究揭示商務實踐者如何應用民族誌的手法進行跨文化溝通。本研究的數據取自長期在日中跨文化環境下工作的研究參加者。中國人和日本人既有許多共同點也同時存在很多差異。兩者之間的文化差異用現有的文化差異緯度模式是不容易解釋的。為了探究研究參加者在這種複雜的跨文化環境下的行為，筆者進行了三年以上的定期深入採訪。由於採訪期間經歷了COVID-19的大流行，收集的資料也體現了COVID-19的制約給研究參加者帶來的影響。本研究提出兩個研究問題：其一，〝商務實踐者如何使用民族誌手法去理解文化相近的他人？〞其二，〝COVID-19的大流行對研究參加者的努力有了怎樣的影響？〞研究結果表明，研究參加者使用持久觀察，建立暫定假說，同事和第三方驗證，以及自己的實踐應用等手法來解決他們遇到的跨文化障礙。</p> <p> </p><p>The ability to communicate interculturally is considered a primary attribute in people conducting business globally. Recent studies suggest that training in ethnographic techniques helps people develop intercultural communication competence. Ethnographers are trained to observe and attempt to understand cultural "others" carefully. However, few studies demonstrate how business practitioners use ethnography for intercultural communication. This study analyzes data collected by longitudinal engagement with people who work in China-Japan intercultural workplaces. Chinese and Japanese share commonalities as well as differences. The relationship of the two cultural groups is not easily understood by applying ready-made cultural dimensions. To examine the participants’ behavior in this complex interculturality, in-depth unstructured interviews were conducted periodically over three years. Since the data collection period included the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the data also illustrate how the pandemic-induced constraints influenced the ethnographer-business practitioners. Two research questions were posed: "How do the business practitioners use ethnographic techniques to understand the "culturally similar" others? Moreover, “How does the pandemic situation influence their efforts?" The data demonstrate the participants’ use of persistent observation, working hypotheses building, data validation by peer debriefing and triangulation, and their application of the findings to their practice.</p> <p> </p>
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AU, CHOR-FAI. "DESIGNING WEB-BASED SOCIAL SERVICE PROGRAMMES: EXPERIENCE LEARNT FROM THE CYBER-PARENTING PROJECT". Hong Kong Journal of Social Work 38, n.º 01n02 (enero de 2004): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219246204000117.
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As the home computer and the Internet are becoming more and more popular, social service agencies in Hong Kong are beginning to show interests in making use of the new technology to extend social welfare services to the community. This paper presents the results of an empirical study to evaluate the Cyber-Parenting Project as a pioneer attempt in providing parenting education through the Internet and gives recommendations for future attempts of similar nature. The discussion covers the conceptualisation, design, implementation and utility of the Cyber-Parenting Project, and the recommendations include issues on system design, provision, testing, and monitoring of web-based social service programs. 由於家用電腦及萬維網的應用日益普及，本港的社會服務機構亦開始思考如何應用這新科技去進一步延展社會福利服務到社區；而“Cyber親職教育網”便是利用萬維網去提供親職教育的一項創新計劃。本文就對該計劃進行的實證研究結果去評估該計劃在構思、設計、執行、及效用各方面的得失，並因應評估結果作出關乎系統設計、提供、測試、及監控等多方面的建議，供有興趣發展網上服務的福利機構及人仕參考。
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ZHANG, Ellen Y. "導言: 從經典文本到現實議題". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 12, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.121552.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese本期論文選自《醫學與哲學》雜誌社和香港浸會大學應用倫理學研究中心於今年暑期在承德合辦的“第八屆建構中國生命倫理學研討會”。大多數論文圍繞當今中國醫學倫理學出現的具體問題與實踐，從中國生命倫理學與西方生命倫理學的雙重面向探討有關醫師職業道德、傳統醫術與醫德、醫患關係、器官移植、終極關懷等諸方面的問題。同時對於這些倫理議題的討論也涉及到對傳統文化的認識與詮釋的問題。本期選入的論文從不同的議題回應建構中國生命倫理學的可能性與現實性。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 62 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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林保全, 林保全. "陸德明《經典釋文．序錄》所反映的經學觀念". 中正漢學研究 33, n.º 33 (junio de 2019): 029–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/2306036020190600330002.
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<p>本篇論文旨在藉由《經典釋文．序錄》，考察陸德明如何對秦漢以來的經學流衍提出梳理原則，從而析釐出〈序錄〉中的經學觀念。</p> <p>首先，陸德明針對了經典的範圍重新定義，以「經典」一詞命名，回應經典範圍逐漸擴大的經學議題。其次，提出自己判斷經典次第的標準，回應經學史上經典次第的安排議題。第三，提出具體的選擇標準，用以選擇今、古文的底本。第四，利用音注與義注選取的偏重，回應先秦以來掌握經典旨意的入手次第。</p> <p> </p><p>This paper seeks to investigate the way Lu De-Ming compiled Jingdian Shiwen (Textual Explanations of Classics and Canons) in the Tang Dynasty. On a more specific basis, how did he systematically collate various issues concerning the history of the study of Confucian classics since the Qin, Han and Six Dynasties in Jingdian Shiwen, and thereby presented integrated and unified research findings? </p> <p>The general principles and methods that Lu applied to accomplishing this monumental task include: (1) redefine the scope of classics; (2) establish the criteria for ordering the classics; (3) transcend the dichotomy between archaic scripts and new-text Confucianism; and (4) grasp the connotation and significance of classics by correcting the pronunciation of the keywords in annotated classics.</p> <p> </p>
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沈怡汝, 沈怡汝, 郭博仁 郭博仁, 盧俊泰 盧俊泰 y 林益弘 林益弘. "影響靜態植牙導引板準確度之可能原因與預防方法：文獻回顧". 臺灣牙周病醫學會雜誌 28, n.º 2 (diciembre de 2023): 073–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/102799622023122802001.
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<p>數位導引植牙手術在當今贋復導向的植牙手術中，已日趨重要。伴隨數位牙科發展及軟硬體的優化，靜態植牙導引板具有廣泛的臨床運用性，然而導板製作過程中的每個步驟，從患者資料收集、影像取得、導引板設計輸出到手術執行等各個層面，皆可能影響最終植牙置入位置的準確性；逐步已有許多文獻研究及臨床試驗，探討可能影響導引手術準確性的相關原因及其對應的處理方式，因此本文根據靜態植牙導引板的製作階段，討論其中可能影響植牙準確度之因子和處理方式，達到提高靜態植牙導引板於臨床應用之效益。</p> <p> </p>
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Tianhong (李天虹), Li. "Interpreting the Warring States Graphs Zi 才 and Chui in Light of the Yancang Chu Slips (由嚴倉楚簡看戰國文字資料 中“才”、“”兩字的釋讀)". Bamboo and Silk 1, n.º 1 (11 de octubre de 2018): 32–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24689246-00101002.
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Scholars have previously suggested that the characters 才 and in a variety of published Warring States texts may be interpreted as fractions: 才 has been read as zi 錙, meaning “one fourth”; has been read as chui 錘, meaning “one third.” The Yancang Chu slips, excavated in 2010 but not yet published, contain a number of similar uses of these graphs that more fully substantiate these readings as fractions. How the graphs originally came to be used as fractions awaits further research. 已公佈戰國文字資料中散見用作數詞的“才”字和“”字，有學者認爲“才”應當讀爲“錙”，表示四分之一；“”應當讀爲“錘”，表示三分之一。2010年出土、尚未公布的嚴倉楚簡中，多見相同用法的“才”和“”，爲此説提供了比較豐富的例證。錙、錘何以有這種用法，尚有待進一步探討。
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甘, 炳光. "殘疾人士與倡導工作". Hong Kong Journal of Social Work 53, n.º 01n02 (enero de 2019): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219246219000081.
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本文主要探討殘疾人士與倡導工作的關係，指出若要打破主流社會對殘疾人士的負面定型及對殘疾的定義，社工要多反思傳統的個人或病態模式對殘疾的定義所帶來的問題。社工應要採用社會模式及社會建構殘疾的角度去看殘疾問題，將著重點由關心個人適應轉化為去改變環境，令殘疾不再被視為個人問題，反而是社會環境及社會政策出現的障礙所做成的問題。要移除和打破環境及社會政策的障礙，倡導工作是不可或缺及要積極推動的工作。要有效地協助殘疾人士推動倡導工作，社工要多採用「權利為本」及「強項為本」的工作模式。本文會重點討論倡導工作的意義和作用，以及提出倡導工作為殘疾人士帶來充權效果。
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HU, Xin-He. "中國文化視野中遺傳知識的應用". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 2, n.º 4 (1 de enero de 1999): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.21383.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.本篇論文由四部分組成。第一部分旨在探討那些在猶太－基督教文化中形成的有關遺傳學問題的倫理學原則，在被應用於非基督教文化傳統中的這些問題時的情形；第二部分將討論有關遺傳知識應用的某些價位和預設；第三和第四部分中，要分析在遺傳知識的應用中，尤其是遺傳檢測和基因治療中的的某些具體倫理問題。The solutions or resolutions of ethical issues in genetic screening and testing as well as in other fields are shaped by a framework of ethical principles. Now the three (or four) basic ethical principles, i.e. beneficence (or plus nonmaleficence), autonomy and justice which were developed in a medical context of Judeo-Christian culture have been widely accepted in the world as well as in some countries with non-Judeo-Christian culture. So it can be said that these principles form a common framework in the international community, and more or less became universal principles in the world. However, when applying these principles to address ethical issues in developing countries there are some tensions between the principles and traditional values emerging there.Each belief system or value system outlines an ideal world in which people behave according to the norms shaped by the system. Belief systems or value systems in different cultures outline different ideal worlds that are overlapping, but never identical. The basic ethical principles were developed mainly in a personal medical relationship between physicians and patients under an individualism-oriented and right-focused socio-political philosophy. In the most of developing countries whose cultural traditions are non-Judeo-Christian the individualistic orientation and right approach are underdeveloped and emphasis is put more on collectives (family, community, society) and duties, and their priority of values and understanding of these ethical principles are different from their developed counterparts.Cases show that 1) for many Chinese intellectuals as well as many ordinary Chinese, his/her own action should not be only out of his/her own interests, or cannot be justified ethically only by the interests the action would bring to him/herself. In some cases, they are even willing to make sacrifice to save the other's life or release the other's suffering. 2) As shows in clinical settings a patient's decision is rarely an individual personal decision, but usually a family decision. Sometimes, the community is also involved in the decision. So we can say that in any medical decision there are individual, personal elements as well as collective elements (family, community). When there is a conflict between individual and community, no rule-neither individualistic rule which prescribes that the priority should be always put to the individual, nor communitarian rule which prescribes that the priority should be always put to the community- is universally applicable. What the priority is put to should be judged case by case.Any action of using genetic knowledge is predicated on the presumptions of these dichotomies, such as nature vs. nurture, biological determinism vs. social determinism. With the development of human genetics, innatism and biological determinism seem to prevail. However, except a few human traits, many of them are the result of interaction between multi-genes and environment. For some of them, such as mentality, the role of socio-cultural environment cannot be ignorable.Genetic screening and testing should be voluntary in general according to the principle of autonomy or respect. However, "voluntary" means informed choice. Screening newborns can be compulsory when treatment is available for those affected by genetic disorders, because both parents and medical professionals have the obligation to protect the health and life of newborns; testing the sex of the fetus, unrelated to genetic diseases should be prohibited. The potential benefits of genetic screening and testing must outweigh the potential harm, risks or costs according to the principle of beneficence. If genetic screening involves a group or some groups the benefits and costs should be distributed fairly intra-group or inter-groups according to the principle of justice. Genetic screening and testing should be restricted to conditions that seriuously affect the health of the individual and may be particularly appropriate to those conditions that result in death before adulthood; it is inappropriate to screen for conditions that do not seriously affect health and/or which fall within the normal range of human traits; and it will be appropriate to screen for late-onset diseases for which preventive treatment is available, but it is unlikely to be appropriate for any testing to be done before adulthood in most cases. All clinically relevant genetic information to patients and family members after screening or testing should be fully disclosed to them, except two kinds of cases: XY genotype in a female, and a woman's husband being not the biological father of her child, and the disclosure of genetic information to patients and family members should be followed counselling and education according to the principles of beneficence and autonomy. Counselling should be non-directive according the principle of autonomy. However, non-directive counselling does not mean geneticists should take a passive attitude to their clients. On the contrary, they should help their clients to know all relevant facts, understand their implications to them and their family, and encourage them to consider the facts in the context of their beliefs and values according to the principles of beneficence and autonomy. Efforts should be made against genetic discrimination in insurance and employment, delivery of genetic services, and eugenics abuse. Any action the state may take to protect collective "gene pool", or "genetic cleansing", or positive eugenics should be prevented. The state or society has the responsibility to provide genetic services including genetic screening and testing which are accessible, quality-guaranteed, effective, and affordable to its people. However, in the developing countries with rare resources it can only be achieved gradually. They should have a programme to develop genetic services step by step but steadily, insistently, and progressively.The following suggestion was discussed either: Somatic gene therapy is permissible, regulated as an experimental therapy. Its use for enhancement purposes may be widely prohibited, but it should not be categorically disapproved as unethical in all imaginable circumstances. Germline gene therapy is indefensible at present, but it should not be categorically disapproved. The use of germline gene therapy for enhancement purposes should be categorically prohibited.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 11 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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Yates (葉山), Robin D. S. "Evidence for Qin Law in the Qianling County Archive: A Preliminary Survey (遷陵縣檔案中秦法的證據：初步的研究)". Bamboo and Silk 1, n.º 2 (6 de abril de 2018): 403–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24689246-00102003.
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This paper reviews the various types of Qin legislation found in the documents published so far that were excavated from Well no. 1, Liye, Hunan Province. They provide insight into the actual functioning and application of the law in the context of local administration in China’s first imperial dynasty. 本文回顧了已發表的湖南省里耶 1 號井出土文獻中的各類秦法。它們可以讓人們了解在中國第一帝國時期的地方行政管理中，法律實際上是如何運行和應用的。
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吳威廷, 吳威廷 y 林朝興 林朝興. "影像辨識神經網路應用於愛文芒果不良品分析與預測". 理工研究國際期刊 12, n.º 2 (octubre de 2022): 091–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/222344892022101202007.
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<p>本研究採用Mask R-CNN影像辨識演算法模型以及Detectron2框架，應用於愛文芒果影像進行五類不良品分類。主旨在於針對愛文芒果五類不同病種進行多物件實例分割影像辨識，五類病種分別為著色不良、炭疽病、乳汁吸附、機械傷害以及黑斑病，總共五類不良病種。因廠商提供之資料集(training set + validation set共計59650張)資料雜訊嚴重，在資料清洗(Data Cleaning)以及資料前處理(Data Preprocessing)階段花費超過500小時以上，以及將不良資料汰除8995張，最終資料集共為50655張。資料集蒐集不易以及資料雜訊多的情形，為人工智慧應用於真實場域所會面臨的挑戰。為求辨識精準度而非速度，此研究主要應用技術為深度神經網路影像辨識演算法 Mask R-CNN以及基於COCO Dataset Pretrained Model應用遷移式學習(Transfer Learning)。再運用GrabCut演算法，在資料前處理階段使實例分割(Instance Segmentation)達到99.9%的精準度。以及應用X101-FPN骨幹，以增加神經網路深度，相較R50-PFN，使辨識精準有效提升90%，最終達成67.2之AP。</p> <p> </p><p>This paper used the image recognition algorithm model and Detectron2 framework to detect five types of defective Irwin mangos. The principal object was to recognize five different diseases concerning Irwin mangos by multi-object instance segmentation. There are five diseases respectively, poor coloration, anthrax, latex attached, mechanical harming and ink spot disease. We spent over 500 hours on data cleaning and data pre-processing due to the dataset (training set + validation set totally 59650 images) offered by vendor is inferior in quality. We also eliminated 8995 bad images. Finally, the dataset remained 50655 images. Data collection and data hazard are the significant challenges will face when apply AI to the real-world. Our research mainly used Mask R-CNN which is the image recognition algorithm of deep neural networks and transfer learning based on COCO Dataset Pretrained Model makes the detection results more precise. Then, we used Grabcut algorithm which makes accuracy of instance segmentation up to 99.9% in data pre-processing stage. Further, we applied X101-FPN backbone for making neural network deeper which compared to R50-FPN was effectively improved 90% accuracy. Eventually, we achieve the 67.2 AP in ours experiment.</p> <p> </p>
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封昌宏, 封昌宏. "兩年未入境被戶政機關除籍的稅務問題【月旦時論】". 月旦財稅實務釋評 27, n.º 27 (marzo de 2022): 055–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/270692572022030027007.
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連毅昇, 連毅昇. "後疫情時代營利事業分期繳稅規定【月旦時論】". 月旦財稅實務釋評 46, n.º 46 (octubre de 2023): 015–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/270692572023100046002.
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何蕎若, 何蕎若, 李明忠 Chiao-Jo Ho, 邱文璽 Ming-Zhong Li y 鄭夙芬 Wen-Hsi Chiu. "行動應用程式於護理教育的研發與運用". 台灣專科護理師學刊 9, n.º 2 (diciembre de 2022): 012–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/2410325x2022120902002.
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<p>Z世代（又稱I Generation）的學生成長於網路科技快速發展的環境，習慣依賴網路來搜尋資訊，學習偏向視聽刺激，較不喜歡閱讀或聆聽講述。近年來行動應用程式在教育的領域中使用頻率越來越多，學生可以透過行動應用程式隨時隨地取用各種學習資訊。行動應用程式（App）應用到護理教學中，不僅能符合學生的學習需求，更可提高學習成效。多數App設計都是要寫程式，護理教師只能提供課程專業知識 （know how），其App相關內容則需要仰賴科技人設計，設計成本貴，大多需要倚賴經費支援。本文將從行動應用程式談起，說明製作免編程App的操作技巧，探討其優點與限制，同時說明護理教育者如何在有限的資源下，製作一個創新有趣的行動應用程式App。期望未來護理教育者能發展出一個專屬自己的行動學習App，激發學生學習動機，提升學習成效。</p> <p> </p><p>Generation Z students (also known as I Generation) grew up in a rapidly developing environmentof Internet technology. They prefer to search information from the Internet rather than reading and listening to the lecture. Recently, mobile applications have been adopted frequently in education. Stu-dents can use different apps to get information and learn without limits. The application of Mobile applications (App) can not only meet the learning needs of students, but also improve the effectiveness of learning in nursing. Most Apps design requires programming. However, nursing educators can only provide professional knowledge (know how). App-related tasks need to be performed by technologists. The cost is expensive and financial support is required. The article starts with a brief introduction of mobile apps, and then explained the operating skills of making programming-free apps. Finally, the advantages and limitations of Apps are discussed, and how nurse educators could make an innovative and interesting mobile app with limited resources is explained. It is hoped that nurse educators can develop their own mobile learning Apps to increase students’ learning motivations and to improve learning effectiveness in the future.</p> <p> </p>
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林素卿, 林素卿. "文化性回應校本評鑑模式於學校本位課程之應用". 教育研究月刊 330, n.º 330 (octubre de 2021): 083–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/168063602021100330006.
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林素卿, 林素卿. "文化性回應校本評鑑模式於學校本位課程之應用". 教育研究月刊 330, n.º 330 (octubre de 2021): 083–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/168063602021100330006.
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WANG, Jianguang. "技術生命的“道”“用”之思". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 8, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2010): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.81483.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.隨著現代科學技術的發展，生命技術已經將人與技術的傳統物化關係和對象化的二元關係變成了一種“技術人”的關係。這種技術人一方面豐富了傳統的“人”的生物學屬性，另一方面也挑戰著人的社會角色和道德的主體屬性。生命的傳統價值內涵及其歷史主體性地位也因之受到弱化、虛化或被改寫。這不僅影響到人的生存方式，而且道德行為的虛幻化也侵蝕了人的責任和義務的道德基石，模糊了人的法律責任和道德自律性。在此基礎上，使人應當承擔的道義責任變成了一種可以進行技術性解讀的智識化命題。這種因技術而改寫的生命形象也挑戰著傳統的應用倫理原則。中國生命倫理學的建設，不應脫離中國歷史文化的語境和社會現實，並在此基礎上對現代生命技術和技術生命的倫理內涵進行創造性的解讀。它要反映中國文化在新的技術作用下對“人”的內涵進行的一種倫理模式的檢討。這種解讀也應當重視那種從當下的“百姓日用”的角度進行的道用之思。這種道用之思不僅要堅持道用一致、體用相即的原則，更是要植根於中國文化的人生觀、價值觀中，以體現出對現代技術與人的關係的倫理把握。在某種意義上，人類社會倫理的發展史就是不斷地否定和放棄一些舊道德而接受和適應新道德及其標準的過程。因此，中國生命倫理學的建構也就必須重視生命倫理內涵和標準的發展性。Biotechnology is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in areas such as engineering, technology, and medicine. This paper discusses the relationship between the Dao (i.e., the essence) of biotechnology and the function of biotechnology. In describing the situation in China today with regard to the exploration and development of biotechnology, this paper explicates the necessity of paying attention to the ethical implications and moral principles of science and technology. It is the author’s contention that we must put “humanity” and “human flourishing” (i.e., the common good of the Dao) first before we talk about the utility of science and technology. As China tries to catch up with the world in biotechnological technology such as stem cell research, xenotransplantation, regenerative medicine, and the use of genetically modified organisms, we need to be careful not to overstep our ethical boundaries.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 49 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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ZHANG, Ellen Y. "導言: 儒家傳統、知情同意與公正原則". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 11, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.111526.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese本期論文選自今年暑期由中國內地《醫學與哲學》雜誌社和香港浸會大學應用倫理學研究中心聯合主辦的第七屆“建構中國生命倫理學研討會”的部分演講報告。大多數論文圍繞當今中國醫學倫理學出現的具體問題與實踐，從儒家生命倫理學與西方生命倫理學的雙重面向探討有關知情同意、醫療公正、家庭醫療儲蓄和中國傳統醫學知識論等諸方面的問題。本期每一篇論文都是在面對人們早已熟知的普世價值觀及倫理原則的同時如是發問：什麼是中國生命倫理學所應有的“中國特色”？DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 39 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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Hsin-Chih Lin, 林信志. "素養導向之校長專業指標建構：模糊德菲法與IDA之應用". 教育研究月刊, n.º 325 (mayo de 2021): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/168063602021050325004.
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本研究目的旨在建構我國中小學校長專業素養，應用模糊德菲法、重要性與困難度分析（IDA）等方法，獲致研究發現如下：一、本研究建構中小學校長七個專業素養及21項指標。二、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長專業素養具高度重要性且難易度適中。三、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應優先強化「實踐適性揚才，保障學習權益」與「善用行政領導，展現學校效能」之專業素養。四、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應次優先強化「擘劃學校願景，領導校務發展」與「引領課程發展，精進教學成效」之專業素養。五、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應積極維持「恪守倫理規範，樹立專業形象」之專業素養。六、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應持續維持「優化學習情境，構築未來學校」與「經營公共關係，建立互信文化」之專業素養。
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FAN, Ruiping. "導言 中國生命倫理研究: 良好開端，大有可為". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 5, n.º 2 (1 de enero de 2007): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.51441.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese2007 年1 月9-10 日， 香港浸會大學應用倫理學研究中心成功舉辦了第一屆「建構中國生命倫理學」研討會， 與會學者們應邀從中國傳統倫理觀出發， 就當代社會面臨的一些重要道德問題展開了富有成效的討論。呈現在讀者面前的本期期刊， 就是由這屆研討會中的論文選編和修改以後組成的。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 34 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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DU, Zhizheng. "導言". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 2, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1999): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.21356.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese當今，衛生保健體制的問題，已經成為包括發達國家，發展中國家等不同類型國家朝野上下共同關心的社會問題。醫療新技術的廣泛應用，老年人口的激增，慢性病及非感染性疾病等無窮無盡的救治，使得醫療保健費用飛漲，政府， 企業和個人都不堪重負。醫療費用的飛漲，不僅危及醫療保健的覆蓋面，而且威脅着許多醫療機構的生存，因而不約而同地呼籲保健體制的改革。問題是同一的，但開出的藥方卻大相徑庭。保健體制改革的目標是什麼？醫療保健服務體制改革的基礎和價值是什麼？保健服務是否應當充分運用市場？政府應否干預？在保健體制改革中如何尊重個人的自由？本期發表中美學者的幾篇文章，向讀者提供了這一討論的概貌。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 15 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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JOHNS, David P. y Amy Sau Ching HA. "Methodological Problems in Direct Observation of Children's Dietary and Activity Behaviors". Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 5, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 1999): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.51214.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of this research paper is to report the methodological difficulties which resulted from a study first conducted in the US and replicated in Hong Kong. Using the Behavior of Eating and Activity for Children's Health Evaluation System (BEACHES). Forty participants between the age of 6 and 8 drawn from middle income areas of the city were selected. Eight research assistants set up 4 1-hour home observations and 6 20-minute observations in the school during the recess period. The implication of the present study is that the instrumentation and the method created interference to the extent that the research interval, in which the participants were observed, failed to represent the normal behavior patterns especially those related to dietary behaviors. Specifically, the interactive impact and the cultural differences undetected by the research instrument are significant problems which demand consideration for future direct observational research.本研究旨在討論應用「直接觀察法」在學童飮食及活動行爲研究時所出現的問題。採用BEACHES研究工具直接觀察本地四十位6至8歲學童在學校小息及家庭中的行爲模式。研究結果顯示在使用直接觀察法及BEACHES工具時所遇到的問題，體育同工在選擇應用同類的研究方法及工具時，應注意有關文化差異等問題。
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朱, 歧祥. "由文例對比論卜辭「其—祭牲」的句意". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 13, n.º 2 (16 de diciembre de 2020): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-01302007.
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摘要 本論文強調使用比較方法研究甲骨文的語法，就甲骨談甲骨。一是先由常態的句型分析，對比變異句型的產生原因和彼此的差異，而不是直接由變異句型入手去拆句子; 一是由早期句型分析，透過句型流變來了解晚出句型的特性，而不是單獨的由晚出句例看問題。這種反覆對比的觀察，才能客觀掌握甲文句型的具体用意。本文以晚期卜辭單獨應用的「其—祭牲」句為例，對比大量歲字句的用法，發現它是源出自歲字類祭祀卜辭。正確的理解這類句型，是句前省略了歲字類句意的祭祀陳述句，句後又省略了卜問祭祀宜否、時王安否或雨否等的詢問句，只保留著中間的一段陳述分句。這是目前所見簡略的「其一祭牲」句作為變異句型的演變過程。
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邱于平, 邱于平 y 張巧欣 Yu-Ping Chiu. "NFT網路相關文章對閱聽眾之影響研究-以創新抵制理論之觀點". 行銷科學學報 20, n.º 1 (abril de 2024): 093–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/181666012024042001004.
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<p>NFT自2021年蓬勃發展到2022年急速下跌，依然受到許多大眾關注。本研究發現，當前學術研究中較少針對NFT網路負面文章進行探討，透過內容分析法，釐清網路負面文章會否實際影響閱聽眾認知與應用。本研究從創新抵制理論（IRT）學術角度出發，探討哪些內容要素會影響消費者對NFT認知與應用。研究結果顯示NFT網路負面文章中功能障礙（使用障礙、價值障礙及風險障礙）和心理障礙（傳統障礙、心理障礙）各項不同子類目中出現佔比多數具顯著差異。研究結果於學術面有助提供後續研究人員探討消費者對NFT新創服務的抵制行為研究之參考依據；在實務面，相關從業人員了解網路負面文章可能導致消費者抵制行為產生，故應分享正面文章或針對負面內容進行解釋，降低消費者疑慮。</p> <p> </p><p>The NFT market experienced a flourishing period from 2021 to a rapid decline in 2022, yet it continues to capture widespread attention. This study identifies a gap in current academic research, which has insufficiently explored negative NFT-related online articles. Through content analysis, it aims to clarify whether negative online articles indeed affect audience perceptions and usage. This research adopts an academic perspective rooted in Innovation Resistance Theory (IRT) to investigate which content elements influence consumers’ understanding and utilization of NFTs.</p> <p>The study’s results reveal significant differences in the prevalence of various subcategories of functional barriers (usage barriers, value barriers, and risk barriers) and psychological barriers (traditional barriers and image barriers) within negative NFT-related online articles. From an academic standpoint, these findings provide valuable reference points for future researchers examining the resistance behaviors of consumers to NFT innovations. It is crucial for industry professionals to understand that negative online articles can lead to consumer resistance. Therefore, sharing positive articles and providing explanations for negative content can ease consumer concerns.</p> <p> </p>
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何明城, 何明城. "商業模式的會計問題【會計稅務教室】". 月旦會計實務研究 51, n.º 51 (marzo de 2022): 077–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/252260962022030051009.
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古承宗, 古承宗. "集合體作為歸責主體（譯文）". 月旦法學雜誌 349, n.º 349 (junio de 2024): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/1025593134908.
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歸責概念源自啟蒙時期，並且承認集合體作為歸責主體。本文解釋了「道德性的人格」(persona moralis composita)此一必要概念，同時展示了其各種應用，特別是法人的可罰性。The concept of imputation, as emerged in the Enlightenment, also recognises collectives as subjects of imputation. The article explains the necessary concept of persona moralis composita and shows various applications. In particular, the criminal liability of legal persons can be justified in this way.
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盧惠敏, 盧惠敏, 姚良居 Hui-Min Lu, 林俊廷 林俊廷 y 劉思如 劉思如. "航空攝影測量應用在原民舊社聚落建築群的測繪研究──以台灣屏東縣瑪家鄉舊排灣為例". 建築學報 126, n.º 126 (diciembre de 2023): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/101632122023120126006.
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本論文探討航空測量技術應用在台灣原住民舊社的聚落與石板屋的測繪調查工作。有著千年歷史的台灣原住民舊社遺跡廣泛分布於台灣的深山，幅員廣大，交通不便，在進行文化資產的基礎資料建構時，實在必須應用新科技來進行有效率且精確的聚落的測繪工作。本論文以台灣舊排灣為例，進行聚落約11公頃的航空測量，所得之正射影像圖作為繪製聚落配置圖的重要依據，建置之地形地貌三維資訊是後續保存維護規劃的基礎。本研究結果顯示，在大尺度的聚落調查上，航空測量技術在聚落的地形與建物的空間資訊建構，大大的增加調查測繪工作的效率與精準度，對於原民舊社聚落建築群的保存與發展上可被廣泛應用。This paper discusses the application of aerial surveying technology for mapping a Taiwanese aboriginal settlement with slate houses. The relics of old Taiwanese aboriginal settlements with a history of thousands of years are widely distributed in deep mountains with inconvenient transportations. When constructing the basic data of cultural assets, especially in the mountain area, it is necessary to apply new technologies to carry out efficient and accurate settlement surveying and mapping. Taking Supayuan, an ancient Paiwan aboriginal settlement, an example, an aerial survey of about 11 hectares is carried out. The orthophoto map obtained serves as an important basis for drawing the settlement layout map. The constructed three-dimensional information of topography and landforms is the basis for subsequent preservation planning. The results of this study show that in large-scale settlement surveys, aerial surveying technology can greatly increase the efficiency and accuracy of survey and mapping work in constructing spatial information on the terrain of settlements and architecture. It can be widely used in preservation and development of the old aboriginal settlements.
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李文瑜, 李文瑜, 林英杰 林英杰 y 莊秋蘭 莊秋蘭. "系統思考能力的分析架構、評量與教學：K-12科學教育相關實徵性研究之文獻回顧". 師資培育與教師專業發展期刊 15, n.º 1 (abril de 2022): 058–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/207136492022041501003.
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<p>研究旨在透過文獻分析，回顧過去國外科學教育領域中的系統思考能力相關研究，歸納其適用年級與學科、系統思考能力分析架構，以及評量與教學的趨勢並提出建議。研究者於SCOPUS與Web of Science資料庫搜尋2000年到2019年的英文期刊論文，經有系統篩選後，針對20篇文章進行分析。分析結果發現，系統思考的研究對象以國、高中生為主，有些研究以小學生為對象，其學習成效主要在基礎系統思考能力的獲得。涉及的學科領域則以生態、生物以及地科最為常見，所回顧的文獻中並沒有應用於物理領域，顯示系統思考並非適合融入所有自然科學領域。對於系統思考能力的分析架構，共可歸納出組件連結模式、階層發展模式、複雜系統模式及內容導向模式等四種類型。在系統思考量測方法上許多研究採多元評量，最常被採用的是開放性試題與晤談。至於教學策略，許多研究都採取了多元的教學活動，且多半包含知識統整活動，部分研究則採用電腦模擬進行教學。由於文獻中已有較為完整的系統思考能力分析架構，未來建議可以進行學習進程或是縱貫性研究，並將資訊科技應用於系統思考評量上。最後，我們對系統思考在教學與評量的實務建議包含有：教學上應優先嘗試初階的組件連結模式；教學方法則以明示教學法協助學生建立系統思考概念鷹架、嘗試採用多元的活動設計、引進科技輔助以及引導學生廣泛地將系統思考應用於各種生活情境中；評量方面則是建議以概念圖、概念繪圖及概念填空題進行，容易實施且能獲得較多訊息。</p> <p> </p><p>The aim of this research was to review past empirical studies about systems thinking in science education in order to understand the applied grade levels and subject areas, the analytical framework for systems thinking, and its trends in teaching and assessment. We searched for research articles published from 2000 to 2019 in the SCOPUS and Web of Science database and found 20 qualified studies. The results showed that most studies were conducted at junior high schools and senior high schools. Some studies were conducted at the elementary school level and found gains in fundamental competence of systems thinking. The most frequently applied subject areas were ecology, biology, and earth science. In this review, no studies applied systems thinking in physics. This indicates that systems thinking might not be suitable for all subject areas of science. In terms of the analytical framework for systems thinking, different studies invented different frameworks. The common features of the systems thinking framework include components recognition, as well as the mutual interactions and influence of different components. Regarding assessment for systems thinking, some studies used multiple assessments, and the most commonly used types of assessments were open-ended questions and interviews. Many studies adopted a variety of teaching activities and included knowledge integration activities. Some studies also used computer simulations to support learning. For future research, we suggest investigating the learning progression of systems thinking or conducting longitudinal studies by applying the available analytical framework of systems thinking. Future studies can also apply computer technology in the assessment of systems thinking. Finally, we offer some specific suggestions for teaching and assessments of systems thinking.</p> <p> </p>
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汪, 鋒. "語義演變、詞彙競爭與詞彙分層". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 13, n.º 2 (16 de diciembre de 2020): 378–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-01302001.
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摘要 新事物出現後，語言系統常用與之密切相關的舊詞來稱代，導致舊詞的語義演變；另一種策略是直接從其他語言借來詞彙。如果一個語言系統之下的不同群體採用不同策略，最終會造成該語言系統的詞彙競爭。競爭的結果要麼是一勝一敗，要麼各自佔據不同的使用領域，帶上語體色彩（文白/雅俗）。現代漢語“茗”“茶”二詞雅俗分層使用的格局就經歷了這樣複雜的歷史過程。本文考察了二詞在漢語史上演變、競爭和分層的過程，“茶”與“茗”經過漢魏南北朝的競爭，在唐代時，“茶”取得了核心地位，且一直保持至今，而“茗”並沒有在漢語中消失，還在古雅的場合中使用，其背後的社會文化動因源自明清時期沖泡方式的改變，及由此造成的區分飲茶雅俗的需要，“茗”因此獲得了新的生命力，這可以說明語言系統具有適應社會文化的協調機制。通過這一考察，還可以澄清茶文化史上的一些問題，如：“茗”源自漢語內部，與南亞語（原始德昂語）中的*miəm‘茶’無涉；飲茶文化的南北不同；亦可以為文本理解提供重要證據，如：《世說新語》中任育長問“為茶為茗”的“紕漏”何在。
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XU, Hanhui. "「知情同意」視角下人工智能用於醫療診斷的透明度問題". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 17, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2019): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.171664.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.隨著人工智能技術在醫療診斷中得到了越來越廣泛的應用，對於其“不透明性”的擔心也日益加重。這種擔心來自人們對人工智能系統的工作機制尚不清楚。在我們還無法知道其内部工作原理的情況下，根據它的診斷對患者進行治療是否可行？本文嘗試從患者知情同意權的角度去論證，應用於醫療診斷的人工智能系統應該更加透明，以避免對患者造成可能的傷害。Since the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in medical diagnosis, ethical issues have emerged. One of these concerns is the "black box," which can only be seen in terms of inputs and outputs, with no way to understand the AI algorithm. This is problematic because patients, physicians, and even designers do not understand why or how a treatment recommendation is produced by AI technologies. In this paper, I argue that AI technologies should be explained on the grounds that patients have a right to informed consent.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 54 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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FAN, Ruiping. "導言: 中國生命倫理學前途何在？". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 9, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.91495.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese本期所刊論文均以儒家傳統倫理為出發點，探討新的生殖技術所帶來的道德挑戰以及軍隊醫學在當代所面臨的道德問題，故以“儒家傳統與新的挑戰” 為題。論文曾在今年7 月香港浸會大學應用倫理學研究中心舉辦的第五屆「建構中國生命倫理學」研討會上交流，後經編者評議和作者修改而成。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 51 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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鍾昀縈, 鍾昀縈, 唐正 唐正 y 黃良吉 黃良吉. "雷射治療牙本質敏感之臨床應用：文獻回顧". 臺灣牙周病醫學會雜誌 28, n.º 2 (diciembre de 2023): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/102799622023122802004.
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<p>先前的研究顯示，未治療的牙周疾病或急性牙周發炎都會發生牙本質敏感症。除此之外，當代的證據證實牙周病治療包括非手術治療以及牙周手術之後，病患也有發生牙本質敏感的可能。雖然臨床上有許多治療選項或去敏劑可以選擇，其中雷射治療是過去十年來開始嘗試應用在牙本質敏感治療的其中一個選項。本篇文章在於回顧整理相關研究文獻探討雷射治療牙本質敏感的臨床效益以及各種雷射之間的優勢以及臨床使用的效果。此外，釐清每種雷射的臨床表徵以利牙科治療。</p> <p> </p>