Relevant bibliographies by topics / Zooxanthellae

Academic literature on the topic 'Zooxanthellae'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 April 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Zooxanthellae"

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Coates, Anthony G., and Jeremy B. C. Jackson. "Clonal growth, algal symbiosis, and reef formation by corals." Paleobiology 13, no. 4 (1987): 363–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300008988.

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The occurrence of zooxanthellae in Recent scleractinian corals is strongly correlated with their growth form, corallite size, and degree of morphological integration of corallites. The great majority of zooxanthellate corals are multiserial with small, highly integrated corallites, whereas most corals lacking zooxanthellae are solitary or uniserial colonial forms with large, poorly integrated corallites. Beginning in the Jurassic, fossil scleractinian faunas are morphologically similar to Recent faunas dominated by zooxanthellate species, strongly implying that most scleractinians contained zooxanthellae by that time. Evidence for Siluro–Devonian tabulates and Triassic scleractinians is equivocal but still suggests the presence of zooxanthellae in these corals. In contrast, morphological evidence suggests that rugosan corals lacked zooxanthellae.Most populations of Recent zooxanthellate corals contribute to reef formation, but many do not. Similarly, fossil corals interpreted to contain zooxanthellae on morphological grounds did not always form reefs. Recent reef formation depends upon a host of environmental factors that have little to do with the possession of zooxanthellae per se. Coral morphology should be a better predictor of the presence of zooxanthellae in fossil corals than their association with reefs.
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Frankowiak, Katarzyna, Ewa Roniewicz, and Jarosław Stolarski. "Photosymbiosis in Late Triassic scleractinian corals from the Italian Dolomites." PeerJ 9 (March 16, 2021): e11062. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11062.

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During the Carnian, oligotrophic shallow-water regions of the western Tethys were occupied by small, coral-rich patch reefs. Scleractinian corals, which already contributed to the formation of the reef structure, owed their position most probably to the symbiosis with dinoflagellate algae (zooxanthellae). Using microstructural (regularity of growth increments) and geochemical (oxygen and carbon stable isotopes) criteria of zooxanthellae symbiosis, we investigated whether this partnership was widespread among Carnian scleractinians from the Italian Dolomites (locality Alpe di Specie). Although corals from this locality are renowned from excellent mineralogical preservation (aragonite), their skeletons were rigorously tested against traces of diagenesis Irrespective of their growth forms, well preserved skeletons of corals from the Dolomites, most frequently revealed regular growth bands (low values of coefficient of variation) typical of modern zooxanthellate corals. Paradoxically, some Carnian taxa (Thamnasteriomorpha frechi and Thamnasteriomorphasp.)with highly integrated thamnasterioid colonies which today are formed exclusively by zooxanthellate corals, showed irregular fine-scale growth bands (coefficient of variation of 40% and 41% respectively) that could suggest their asymbiotic status. However, similar irregular skeletal banding is known also in some modern agariciids (Leptoseris fragilis) which are symbiotic with zooxanthellae. This may point to a similar ecological adaptation of Triassic taxa with thamnasterioid colonies. Contrary to occasionally ambiguous interpretation of growth banding, all examined Carnian corals exhibited lack of distinct correlation between carbon (δ13C range between 0.81‰ and 5.81‰) and oxygen (δ18O values range between −4.21‰ and −1.06‰) isotope composition of the skeleton which is consistent with similar pattern in modern zooxanthellates. It is therefore highly likely, that Carnian scleractinian corals exhibited analogous ecological adaptations as modern symbiotic corals and that coral-algal symbiosis that spread across various clades of Scleractinia preceded the reef bloom at the end of the Triassic.
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Suharsono. "ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE ENDOSYMBIOTIC DINOFLAGELLATE Symbiodinium microadriaticum LIVING IN THE SEA ANEMONE Anemonia viridis." Marine Research in Indonesia 28 (May 11, 2018): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v28i0.412.

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The zooxanthella, Symbiodinum microadriaticum, an endosymbiotic dinoflagellate shows variation in its ultrastructure within its population in the sea anemone, Anemonia viridis. Such variation included the number of thylakoid, the structure of inclusions and the structure of amphiesma. The string-like structure was also found in the nucleoplasm. Some zooxanthellae have a branching or double pyrenoid with two or three stalks. Under certain condition, which are not clearly understood, two or three zooxanthellae are enclosed within one very thick membrane.
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Ulstrup, Karin E., Michael Kühl, and David G. Bourne. "Zooxanthellae Harvested by Ciliates Associated with Brown Band Syndrome of Corals Remain Photosynthetically Competent." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 6 (January 26, 2007): 1968–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02292-06.

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ABSTRACT Brown band syndrome is a new coral affliction characterized by a local accumulation of yet-unidentified ciliates migrating as a band along the branches of coral colonies. In the current study, morphologically intact zooxanthellae (= Symbiodinium) were observed in great numbers inside the ciliates (>50 dinoflagellates per ciliate). Microscale oxygen measurements and variable chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis along with microscopic observations demonstrated that zooxanthellae within the ciliates are photosynthetically competent and do not become compromised during the progression of the brown band zone. Zooxanthellae showed similar trends in light acclimation in a comparison of rapid light curve and steady-state light curve measures of variable chlorophyll a fluorescence. Extended light exposure of steady-state light curves resulted in higher quantum yields of photosystem II. The brown band tissue exhibited higher photosynthetically active radiation absorptivity, indicating more efficient light absorption due to a higher density of zooxanthellae in the ciliate-dominated zone. This caused relatively higher gross photosynthesis rates in the zone with zooxanthella-containing ciliates compared to healthy coral tissue. The observation of photosynthetically active intracellular zooxanthellae in the ciliates suggests that the latter can benefit from photosynthates produced by ingested zooxanthellae and from photosynthetic oxygen production that alleviates diffusion limitation of oxic respiration in the densely populated brown band tissue. It remains to be shown whether the zooxanthellae form a stable symbiotic association with the ciliate or are engulfed incidentally during grazing on coral tissue and then maintained as active inside the ciliate for a period before being digested and replaced by new zooxanthellae.
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Lohr, Jayme, Colin B. Munn, and William H. Wilson. "Characterization of a Latent Virus-Like Infection of Symbiotic Zooxanthellae." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 9 (March 9, 2007): 2976–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02449-06.

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ABSTRACT A latent virus-like agent, which we designated zooxanthella filamentous virus 1 (ZFV1), was isolated from Symbiodinium sp. strain CCMP 2465 and characterized. Transmission electron microscopy and analytical flow cytometry revealed the presence of a new group of distinctive filamentous virus-like particles after exposure of the zooxanthellae to UV light. Examination of thin sections of the zooxanthellae revealed the formation and proliferation of filamentous virus-like particles in the UV-induced cells. Assessment of Symbiodinium sp. cultures was used here as a model to show the effects of UV irradiance and induction of potential latent viruses. The unique host-virus system described here provides insight into the role of latent infections in zooxanthellae through environmentally regulated viral induction mechanisms.
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van Oppen, Madeleine JH, and Ingo Burghardt. "Zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium, Dinophyceae) symbioses on coral reefs." Microbiology Australia 30, no. 2 (2009): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma09067.

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The large three-dimensional structures that make up coral reefs are primarily the product of calcium carbonate deposition by zooxanthellate scleractinian corals, i.e., stony corals living in symbiosis with dinoflagellate algae of the genus Symbiodinium (a.k.a. zooxanthellae). This photosymbiosis permits fast nutrient cycling in the generally oligotrophic tropical waters.
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Jones, Ross J., and Andrew L. Steven. "Effects of cyanide on corals in relation to cyanide fishing on reefs." Marine and Freshwater Research 48, no. 6 (1997): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf97048.

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Small fragments of the zooxanthellate corals Pocillopora damicornis and Porites lichen were subjected to a range of cyanide concentrations for various times (i.e. to various cyanide doses). Doses encompassed those likely to be experienced by corals as a result of various cyanide fishing practices. Following the highest doses, corals died; after medium doses, they lost their zooxanthellae (symbiotic algae) resulting in a discolouration or ‘bleaching’; and after the lowest doses they lost zooxanthellae but not in sufficient numbers to cause noticeable discolouration. Respiratory rates of P. damicornis were inhibited by 10–90% following exposure to cyanide but recovered to pre-exposure levels within 1–2 h after transfer to clean sea water.
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Lau, Yee Wah, Frank R. Stokvis, Yukimitsu Imahara, and James D. Reimer. "The stoloniferous octocoral, Hanabira yukibana, gen. nov., sp. nov., of the southern Ryukyus has morphological and symbiont variation." Contributions to Zoology 88, no. 1 (May 11, 2019): 54–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-20191355.

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Stoloniferan octocorals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) are a relatively unexplored fauna in the Ryukyus (southern Japan), known to be a tropical marine region of high biodiversity and endemism of species. Specimens of stoloniferous octocorals were collected during fieldwork along the coasts of two islands (Okinawa and Iriomote) in the Okinawa Prefecture. Despite their phenotypic polyp variation, this study shows their morphological and molecular uniqueness, leading to the description of a new genus with a single species: Hanabira yukibana, gen. nov., sp. nov. They are placed within the Clavulariidae and form a sister clade basally to the genus Knopia Alderslade & McFadden, 2007 and species of Clavularia Blainville, 1830. The polyps of this new species show morphological variation in both shape and sclerite density, but there is conformity in the typical overall petal shaped tentacles, which have fused pinnules (pseudopinnules). Depending on the densities of their sclerites and their photosynthetic endosymbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) of the family Symbiodiniaceae, there is a characteristic sheen present in the tentacles. Moreover, the zooxanthellae hosted by our specimens form a clear, small-scale biogeographic pattern; all H. yukibana specimens from Okinawa Island contained zooxanthellae of the genus Cladocopium Lajeunesse & H.J. Jeong, 2018 (= former Symbiodinium ‘Clade C’) and all specimens from Iriomote Island hosted zooxanthellae of the genus Durusdinium LaJeunesse, 2018 (= former Symbiodinium ‘Clade D’). These results show the potential for variation among the Symbiodiniaceae floras within octocorals, something that has not yet been investigated for the large majority of zooxanthellate octocoral species.
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LaJeunesse, Todd C. "Zooxanthellae." Current Biology 30, no. 19 (October 2020): R1110—R1113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.03.058.

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Purnomo, Pujiono Wahyu. "Zooxanthellae Life Model and Massalization Growth in the Artificial Environment Waters." Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology 6, no. 1 (February 22, 2012): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.6.1.46-54.

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Zooxanthellae are part of the phototropic dinoflagellates. This organism always live as symbiotically with several marine invertebrates. Relationship between zooxanthellae and coral are mutualistic with the transfer nutritif and phisiologis character. With this character, no coral can live without zooxanthellae. Zooxanthellae have vital control on the coral and sessile life. Model of relationship between zooxanthellae and coral are adopted in the artificial environment for take the massalization culture zooxanthellae in the artificial environment. This study was purposed to : (a) Evaluating of environment limiting factors to support optimum growth of zooxanthellae in the artificial environment; (b) Evaluating of purification culture of zooxanthellae and (c) Formulating nutritif to maintenance of maximum gorwth of zooxanthellae. The experiment took place in Natural food and Genetic laboratory of Main Centre of Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Jepara from August 2004 to September 2005. The result showed that: (a) The optimum irradiance for growth of zooxanthellae is green radiance (with comparison 490 - 550 nm); (b) The optimum temperature for growth of zooxanthellae are 20 – 25oC and (c) Adding of 200 µM NaNO3 with repeat again for 16 days, Key Words: Zooxanthellae, Life Model,Massalization Growth
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zooxanthellae"

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Hill, Ross. "Coral bleaching : photosynthetic impacts on symbiotic dinoflagellates /." Electronic version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2100/526.

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University of Technology, Sydney. Faculty of Science.
Global climate change is leading to the rise of ocean temperatures and is triggering mass coral bleaching events on reefs around the world. This involves the expulsion of the symbiotic dinoflagellate algae, known as zooxanthellae, from the coral host. Coral bleaching is believed to occur as a result of damage to the photosynthetic apparatus of these symbionts, although the specific site of initial impact is yet to be conclusively resolved. This thesis examined a number of sites within the light reactions of photosynthesis and evaluated the efficiency of photoprotective heat dissipating pathways. Upon expulsion, the capacity for long-term survivorship of expelled zooxanthellae in the water column was also assessed. A reduction in photosystem II (PSII) photochemical efficiency during exposure to elevated temperature and high light (bleaching conditions) was found to be highly dependent upon the increase in abundance of QB non-reducing PSII centres (inactive PSII centres), indicating damage to the site of the secondary electron acceptor, QB, resulting in a limited capacity for its reduction. Therefore, this reduced the rate of the reoxidation of the primary electron acceptor, QA-. Fast induction curve (FIC) analysis of the rise from minimum fluorescence to maximum fluorescence revealed a lower amplitude in the J step along this curve, which was consistent with a reduction in the rate of QA reoxidation. This photoinhibition of PSII was found to occur once the effectiveness of excess energy dissipation through energy-dependent quenching and state-transition quenching was exceeded, suggesting that these mechanisms were incapable of preventing photodamage. Antenna size heterogeneity showed little change under bleaching conditions with a significant increase in PSIIbeta only apparent in one species of coral. The thermostability of the oxygen evolving complex (OEC) and thylakoid membrane were found to increase during exposure to bleaching conditions and exceeded bleaching thresholds of corals. This rapid rise in temperature-dependent thermostability also occurred over seasons, where variation in ocean temperatures was matched by gradual shifts in OEC and thylakoid membrane thermotolerance. Variation in thermostability between species was not found to be linked to zooxanthellae genotype, and instead was related to the bleaching susceptibility of the host. Despite this capacity for resilience to bleaching conditions, the PSII reaction centres did not exhibit such a mechanism for rapid acclimatisation. Corals can only be as tolerant to bleaching conditions as their most sensitive component allows. The formation of nonfunctional PSII centres is therefore suggested to be involved in the initial photochemical damage to zooxanthellae which leads to a bleaching response. Zooxanthellae were found to be expelled irrespective of OEC function and thylakoid membrane integrity, as these sites of the photosynthetic apparatus were still intact when cells were collected from the water column. Although zooxanthellae were photosynthetically competent and morphologically intact upon expulsion, their longevity in the water column was dependent on the time of expulsion following the onset of bleaching and the ambient water temperatures. The survivorship of these zooxanthellae was restricted to a maximum of 5 days in the water column which suggests that unless expelled zooxanthellae inhabit other environs of coral reefs which may be more favourable for survival, their capacity for persistence in the environment is extremely limited. Chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements are a common tool for investigating photosynthetic impacts to in hospite zooxanthellae of corals. Pathways causing dark-reduction of the plastoquinone pool are shown to be active in corals and affect measurements which require dark-adaptation. Pre-exposure to far-red light was found to be an effective procedure to oxidise the inter-system electron transport chain and ensure determination of the true maximum quantum yield of PSII and accurate FICs. It is concluded that the trigger for coral bleaching lies in the photosynthetic apparatus of zooxanthellae and evidence is presented in support of this impact site not being the OEC or thylakoid membrane.
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Savage, Anne Margaret. "Genetic diversity and photosynthetic characteristics of zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium)." Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369298.

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Toyoshima, Junko. "Cell migration of zooxanthellae in the coral Montipora capitata." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7050.

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Squire, Louise R. "Natural variations in the zooxanthellae of temperate symbiotic Anthozoa." Thesis, Bangor University, 2000. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/natural-variations-in-the-zooxanthellae-of-temperate-symbiotic-anthozoa(a6342fd8-ff91-441e-85db-8b5b1c59167e).html.

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Few previous studies of zooxanthellae have considered temperate Anthozoan symbioses. The present study investigates how the characteristics of zooxanthellae symbiotic with temperate Anthozoa vary in response to natural variations in environmental parameters. Variations in the number (density), division rate, size and ultrastructure of zooxanthellae from the temperate anemones Anemonia viridis (Forskal) and Anthopleura ballii (Cocks) were examined in response to season, water depth and artificial irradiance (A. viridis in aquaria). In addition, variations in chlorophyll concentrations were considered in intertidal and laboratorymaintained A. viridis. Zooxanthellae from both intertidal and shallow subtidal A. viridis showed variations which correlated with seasonal variations in environmental parameters. Zooxanthella density in intertidal A. viridis showed an inverse relationship with temperature, daylength and sunshine. Higher zooxanthella density was observed in A. viridis from a shallow, subtidal habitat during February 1998 (2.06 ± 0.11 x 108 cells g"' wet weight) than during July 1998 (1.01 ± 0.09 x 108 cells g'' wet weight; T= 7.67, p< 0.001). Stereological analysis of transmission electron micrographs showed that zooxanthellae in intertidal A. viridis had significantly higher chloroplast volume fraction during February (32.1 ± 1.5 %) than July (21.8 ± 2.1 %; T= 4.07, p<0.05). The proportion of chlorophyll a per zooxanthella was significantly higher in December than all other months except January (ANOVA, F= 5.62 p<0.05). The zooxanthellae of A. viridis may thus photoadapt to low winter irradiances by increasing zooxanthellae density, chloroplast volume and the proportion of chlorophyll a per cell. By contrast, zooxanthellae from A. viridis maintained in artificial irradiances in the laboratory of 4 µmol m=2 s' and 20 pmol m2 s' showed no variation in density or ultrastructure, due either to the low irradiances used or a lack of variation in other physical parameters compared to the field. A. ballii zooxanthella density responded to both depth and season and was lower at 6m during summer than at 6m during winter and at 18 m during both summer and winter. Chloroplast volume fractions in A. ballii was not affected by depth during winter, nor by season at 18 in. Starch and lipid stores in zooxanthellae from both A. viridis and A. ballii responded to seasonal fluctuations. Lipid was present in zooxanthellae during summer (intertidal A. viridis, volume fraction 19.8 ± 3.4 %) and absent during winter, and starch volume was significantly higher from zooxanthellae in A. ballii at 6 in in winter (14.3 ± 4.2 %) than 18 min winter (4.7 ± 1.6 %) or summer (4.7 ± 1.1 %; ANOVA, F= 6.04 p< 0.05). It is concluded that the zooxanthellae of the temperate anemones A. viridis and A. ballfi show variations in zooxanthellae characteristics which correspond to variations in dayto-day weather, season and water depth.
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Wang, Jih-Terng. "Nutritional interactions between the alga Symbiodinium and sea anemone Aiptasia pulchella." Thesis, University of York, 1998. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9750/.

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Jokiel, Paul L. "The Photobiology of the Reef Coral Pocillopora damicornis and Symbiotic Zooxanthellae." Thesis, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/15318.

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Statement of purpose: The scope of this dissertation was restricted to exemplary studies on the effects of spectrum, intensity and modulation (as described above) of the photic environment of the common reef coral Pocillopora damicornis and its symbiotic dinoflagellate algae. Various aspects of its biology were investigated. In some cases direct comparison was wade with othar species to emphasize similarities or differences. The central hypothesis of this dissertation can be stated as follows: Subtle changes in the spectrum, intensity and modulation of the natural photic environment can produce a profound effect on growth, reproduction, primary production and general metabolism of the reef corals.
Typescript. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawaii, 1985. Bibliography: leaves 201-221.
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Burghardt, Ingo. "Biology, diversity and evolution of 'solarpowered' Nudibranchia (Mollusca: Gastropoda) and their symbiosis with Zooxanthellae." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983779732.

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Hancock, Harmony Alise. "One Step Closer to Non-Invasive: Quantifying Coral Zooxanthellae Pigment Concentrations Using Bio-Optics." NSUWorks, 2012. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/189.

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Due to the invasive nature of quantification techniques, baseline pigment data for coral-dwelling zooxanthellae are not known. In an attempt to develop a model for non-invasive estimation of zooxanthellae pigment concentrations from corals, field samples were taken from Porites rus and P. lutea in Apra Harbor, Guam. In-situ reflectance spectra (R400-R800) from 22 coral colonies were collected. “Coral truthing” was accomplished by extracting corresponding tissue core samples. Subsequent analysis to quantify the concentrations of 6 zooxanthellae pigments (µg cm-2) was performed using HPLC. Trials of multiple linear regressions were attempted (EJ Hochberg) and found inappropriate, despite previous success. The multivariate calibration technique partial least squares regression (PLS-R) is an excellent tool in the case of co-linear variables. Thus, PLS-R was attempted for chlorophyll c2 and peridinin after demonstration of co-linearity. This may be an appropriate approach for development of bio-optical models to estimate zooxanthellae pigment concentrations. Further, the dinoflagellate diagnostic pigment peridinin may be of great value for reef-scale remote sensing of changes in coral status in the future.
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Venn, Alexander Ashley. "Coral bleaching : the significance of the molecular diversity and photoprotective pigments of zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium)." Thesis, University of York, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423605.

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Denis, Vianney. "Capacités et modalités d’adaptation de deux espèces de coraux zooxanthellés aux perturbations climatiques et anthropiques (île de la Réunion, Sud-Ouest de l’océan Indien)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Réunion, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-04058955.

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Les communautés coralliennes récifales vont subir de profonds changements dans les prochaines décennies. Les potentiels d‟acclimatation et d‟adaptation à des changements environnementaux sont comparés entre deux espèces de coraux Scléractiniaires zooxanthellés dominantes des récifs coralliens réunionnais : le stratège K Porites lutea et le stratège r Acropora muricata. Différents traits des holobiontes (survie, croissance, régénération, biomasse des tissus, contenu en protéines, composition lipidique) et de leurs zooxanthelles (identité génétique, paramètres photosynthétiques) sont caractérisés in situ sur deux à quatre sites des platiers récifaux peu profonds, distants au plus de 11 km. Leurs conditions environnementales offrent une large gamme de variation de température, d‟éclairement, d‟hydrodynamisme et de teneurs en éléments nutritifs. P. lutea, associée à des zooxanthelles thermotolérantes Symbiodinium C15, présente un fort potentiel d‟acclimatation. Après transplantation dans un environnement nouveau, P. lutea ajuste rapidement sa croissance et son contenu en protéines, sans présenter de mortalité. En revanche, A. muricata, associée à des zooxanthelles thermosensibles C2/C3, ne présente pas de telles capacités d‟acclimatation et montre une mortalité élevée. Toutes les caractéristiques d‟A. muricata (excepté sa biomasse de tissus) ainsi que les paramètres photosynthétiques et la biomasse de tissus de P. lutea sont marqués par une « empreinte » du site originel. Cette plasticité phénotypique limitée suggère une différenciation génétique à petite échelle. Chez A. muricata, elle se traduit par une tolérance accrue aux fortes températures dans l‟environnement le plus variable. A. muricata montre également des capacités régénératrices supérieures à celles de P. lutea. Chez cette dernière, la régénération est corrélée à l‟éclairement et la température, via leur contrôle des performances photosynthétiques des zooxanthelles symbiotiques. Une alternance saisonnière autotrophie/hétérotrophie est décelée chez A. muricata dans le site le plus exposé au milieu océanique. La plasticité phénotypique de P. lutea, espèce longévive, lui permet de s‟acclimater à des conditions environnementales changeantes. Les capacités de rétablissement d‟A. muricata couplées à une capacité d‟adaptation locale permettraient aussi à cette espèce opportuniste de survivre aux modifications du milieu attendues dans le cadre du changement global, dans des limites restant à définir pour ces deux Scléractiniaires
Reef coral communities will undergo major changes in the next decades. The potentials of acclimatization and adaptation to environmental changes are compared between two zooxanthellate scleractinian corals dominant on Reunion coral reefs: the K-strategist Porites lutea and the r-strategist Acropora muricata. Different traits of the holobionts (survival, growth, regeneration, tissue biomass, protein content, lipid composition) and their zooxanthellae (genetic identity, photosynthetic parameters) are characterized in situ in two to four shallow reef flat sites, less than 11 km apart. Their environmental conditions offer a wide range of temperature, light, hydrodynamism and nutrient levels. P. lutea which is associated to the thermotolerant zooxanthellae Symbiodinium C15 has a high potential for acclimatization. After transplantation to a new environment, P. lutea quickly adjusts its growth and protein content, without suffering any mortality. In contrast, A. muricata, which is combined with the thermosensitive zooxanthellae C2/C3, does not display such a capacity for acclimatization and showed a high mortality. All the characteristics (except tissue biomass) of A. muricata and photosynthetic parameters, as well as tissue biomass of P. lutea, are marked by an "imprint" of the original site. This limited phenotypic plasticity suggests a genetic differentiation at small-scale. In A. muricata, it results in an increased tolerance to high temperatures in the most fluctuating environment. A. muricata also shows greater regenerative capacities than P. lutea. In the latter species, regeneration is correlated to solar radiation and temperature, through their control of the photosynthetic performance of symbiotic zooxanthellae. A seasonal change in autotrophy vs heterotrophy is detected in A. muricata at the site where exposition to oceanic environment is the highest. The phenotypic plasticity of P. lutea, a long-lived species, allows it to acclimatize to changing environmental conditions. Recovery capacities of A. muricata, in relation to its adaptive capacity to local conditions, would also allow this opportunistic species to live through the environmental changes that are expected in the context of global change, but within limits yet to be defined for these two scleractinian species
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Books on the topic "Zooxanthellae"

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Avise, John C. From Aardvarks to Zooxanthellae. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71625-1.

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Kegel, Kathryn A. Lab and field work with the temperate sea anomene, Anthopleura elegantissima. Bellingham, WA: Huxley College of the Environment, Western Washington University, 2005.

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Palmer, Janise. SEARUN Project. Bellingham, WA: Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Western Washington University, 2000.

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Avise, John C. From Aardvarks to Zooxanthellae: The Definitive Lyrical Guide to Nature’s Ways. Springer, 2018.

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Sheppard, Charles R. C., Simon K. Davy, Graham M. Pilling, and Nicholas A. J. Graham. Symbiotic interactions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787341.003.0004.

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Symbiosis, where different species live together for prolonged periods, is ubiquitous and extremely important on coral reefs. The most important symbiosis is between corals and the microalgae (zooxanthellae) that live in their cells, without which coral reefs would not exist. This chapter focuses on the diversity of zooxanthellae, the linkage with coral calcification and the nutrition of the symbiosis, particularly the supply of photosynthetically fixed carbon to coral, and the conservation and recycling of essential nutrients (especially nitrogen and phosphorus) by this symbiosis. The acquisition and breakdown of the symbiosis, particularly under thermal stress (i.e. coral bleaching), is described. Other important coral–microbe symbioses involve cyanobacteria, heterotrophic bacteria, viruses, protozoans and endolithic algae and fungi that live in the coral skeleton. Symbioses between sponges and bacteria or algae are also important, as are the iconic associations between fish and various invertebrates (e.g. the sea anemone–anemonefish symbiosis) or other fish species.
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Wild, Ailsa, Aviva Reed, Briony Barr, and Gregory Crocetti. Zobi and the Zoox. CSIRO Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486309610.

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With her home under threat from a warming ocean, Zobi, a brave rhizobia bacterium, teams up with a family of slow but steady Zoox (zooxanthellae). As the coral bleaches, everyone begins to starve... Can Zobi and the Zoox work together to save the day? This beautifully illustrated science-adventure story, set on the Great Barrier Reef, was originally published in 2015, but has been extensively re-written and revised to delight and captivate primary school-aged readers. Zobi and the Zoox: A Story of Coral Bleaching is the first in the new Small Friends Books series – Stories of Partnership and Cooperation in Nature.
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Dingman, Heather Christine. Environmental influence on algal symbiont populations in the sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima. 1998.

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Blevins, James K. Comparative growth and metabolism of zooxanthellate and zoochlorellate Anthopleura elegantissima. 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Zooxanthellae"

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Baker, Andrew C. "Zooxanthellae." In Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs, 1189–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2639-2_280.

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Burtscher, Martina M., Lisa A. May, Craig A. Downs, and Thomas Bartlett. "Zooxanthellae Viability Assay." In Diseases of Coral, 524–37. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118828502.ch39.

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Lampert, Kathrin P. "Cassiopea and Its Zooxanthellae." In The Cnidaria, Past, Present and Future, 415–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31305-4_26.

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Avise, John C. "Mammalogy." In From Aardvarks to Zooxanthellae, 1–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71625-1_1.

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Avise, John C. "Botany." In From Aardvarks to Zooxanthellae, 95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71625-1_10.

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Avise, John C. "Anatomy, Physiology, and Medicine." In From Aardvarks to Zooxanthellae, 97–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71625-1_11.

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Avise, John C. "Ecology." In From Aardvarks to Zooxanthellae, 107–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71625-1_12.

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Avise, John C. "Ethology." In From Aardvarks to Zooxanthellae, 113–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71625-1_13.

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Avise, John C. "Evolution." In From Aardvarks to Zooxanthellae, 121–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71625-1_14.

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Avise, John C. "Genetics." In From Aardvarks to Zooxanthellae, 129–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71625-1_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Zooxanthellae"

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Wojnar, Olek, Eric D. Swenson, and Gregory W. Reich. "Analyzing Carbohydrate-Based Regenerative Fuel Cells as a Power Source for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." In ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2008-395.

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Based on current capabilities, we examine the feasibility of creating a carbohydrate-based regenerative fuel cell (CRFC) as the primary power source for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for long endurance missions where station keeping is required. The CRFC power system evaluated in this research is based on a closed-loop construct where carbohydrates are generated from zooxanthellae, algae which create excess carbohydrates during photosynthesis. The carbohydrates are then fed to a carbohydrate fuel cell where electric power is generated for the UAV’s propulsion, flight control, payload, and accessory systems. The waste products from the fuel cell, carbon dioxide and water, are used by the zooxanthellae to create more carbohydrates, therefore mass is conserved in the process of power generation. The overall goal of this research is to examine the potential of CRFCs as a viable power source for UAV systems, to look at scaling issues related to different vehicle sizes and missions, and to identify sensitivities in the CRFC system to different system parameters, indicating the areas where technology improvements may make CRFCs a viable technology. Through simulations, a UAV is sized to determine if greater than 24 hour endurance flight is possible and these results are compared to UAVs using more traditional photo-cell based power systems. The initial results suggest that CRFCs have potential as a power system for long endurance UAVs, and could offer significant improvements to the overall system performance. The final outcome of this research is to identify the most important areas for more detailed follow-on work in designing a production-ready CRFC power system for long endurance UAVs.
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Reports on the topic "Zooxanthellae"

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Polne-Fuller, Miriam. An Amoeba/Zooxanthellae Consortium as a Model System for Animal/Algal Symbiosis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada209813.

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