Academic literature on the topic 'Zoonoses'
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Journal articles on the topic "Zoonoses"
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Avishek, Bardhan. "Fish-borne parasites proficient in zoonotic diseases: a mini review." Insights in Veterinary Science 6, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 005–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.ivs.1001035.
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Fish-borne parasitic zoonoses are primarily found in people living in developing and underdeveloped countries. The parasites that cause such zoonoses like Trichinella and Taenia are well-known in developed nations, but few people are familiar with fish-borne parasitic zoonoses, which are largely caused by helminths and protozoans. In general, parasitic zoonoses transmitted by fish are rarely life-threatening, although cases and reports of such infestations have increased over the world. The list of parasitic organisms is extensive. This article attempts to provide a complete overview of the many fish-borne parasites that can cause zoonosis among humans and animals alike.
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Issah, B., T. Ansah, and H. A. Alagma. "AWARENESS OF ZOONOTIC DISEASES AMONG PET OWNERS IN WA MUNICIPALITY OF GHANA." UDS International Journal of Development 7, no. 2 (February 24, 2021): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47740/497.udsijd6i.
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Cats and dogs are the most common household pets. Although their importance cannot be over emphasized, their interactions with humans may result in the infection of zoonotic diseases. The awareness of zoonosis is a prerequisite for an efficient disease prevention. The study was conducted to determine the awareness of zoonotic diseases among pet owners in Wa municipality. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire, among different groups of respondents within Wa municipality, consisting of two urban and two rural localities. Out of the 100 respondents who were interviewed, about 76 (76%) of the respondents indicated their awareness of zoonoses of dogs and cats. Majority (98.7%) of those who indicated their awareness of zoonoses of dogs and cats, could only mention rabies. Most (93.3%) of the respondents who stated rabies as zoonosis were able to list some of the symptoms of the disease. The overall results suggest that the level of knowledge of zoonoses of cats and dogs in Wa municipality is low. From the results, there is the need for awareness creation on zoonoses of dogs and cats as well as proper management of these pets, with efforts from veterinary, human and public health professionals as the main actors. Keywords: Awareness, Cat, dog, Knowledge, Zoonoses
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Alves, Nilza Dutra, Karla Karielly De Souza Soares, Camila Pontes Landim, Paula Vivian Feitosa dos Santos, Gardênia Silvana de Oliveira Rodrigues, Francisco Marlon Carneiro Feijó, Alysson Leno Marques de Oliveira, and Caio Sérgio Santos. "CONHECIMENTO DE CRIANÇAS DE ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DE MOSSORÓ/RN SOBRE ZOONOSES." Revista de Agroecologia no Semiárido 4, no. 3 (July 19, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35512/ras.v4i3.4451.
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<p><span style="font-size: medium;">As zoonoses são doenças transmissíveis entre os animais e os humanos, sendo a educação em saúde essencial para sua prevenção. A escola é um ambiente propício para abordar o tema, visto que a noção das crianças sobre zoonoses é um ponto essencial na saúde pública, pois assumem papel de difusoras de informação. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o conhecimento de crianças de escolas públicas sobre zoonose. Foram entrevistados 80 alunos de escolas públicas em Mossoró/RN, entre 8 a 11 anos. Foi aplicado um questionário sobre o conceito de zoonose. Depois, foram realizadas atividades educativas sobre o tema e reaplicação dos questionários. Antes da realização das atividades, 100% responderam não conhecer zoonose. Após a reaplicação, 61,25% conheciam zoonose, porém 38,75% continuavam a não conhecer. Visto que houve alteração positiva no padrão de respostas dos alunos após as atividades em sala de aula, as ações educativas podem ser importantes na construção do conhecimento sobre zoonoses.</span></p>
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Brito, Rafaely de Almeida, Nancyleni Pinto Chaves Bezerra, Danilo Cutrim Bezerra, and Viviane Correa Silva Coimbra. "PERCEPÇÃO E ATITUDES SOBRE ZOONOSES DAS FAMÍLIAS ASSISTIDAS PELAS ESTRATÉGIAS DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA NO MUNICÍPIO DE CAJARI, MARANHÃO." HOLOS 1 (June 15, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15628/holos.2021.9351.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a percepção do conhecimento sobre zoonoses das famílias assistidas pelas Estratégias de Saúde da Família no município de Cajari, Maranhão. Realizou-se um estudo observacional descritivo por meio de 288 entrevistas baseadas em um roteiro composto por cinco blocos de perguntas: i) características socioeconômicas; ii) informações sobre os animais residentes com as famílias; iii) conhecimentos sobre zoonoses (raiva, leishmaniose, toxoplasmose e leptospirose); iv) conhecimentos sobre ações preventivas; e v) preferências para participação de ações educativas. No bloco características socioeconômicas verificou-se que a maioria dos entrevistados é do sexo feminino (54,17%), >50 anos (27,43%) e possui o ensino médio completo (36,11%). Em relação aos conhecimentos sobre as principais zoonoses, 78,82% dos entrevistados não sabem o que é uma zoonose, só conhecem o termo, porém não entendem o que significa. Sobre os conhecimentos de ações preventivas, 48,61% dos entrevistados não sabem como se prevenir das zoonoses, 93,06% sabem como proceder se observar sinais de alguma zoonose nos seres humanos e 54,17% dos entrevistados afirmam saber o que fazer diante de um animal com sinais de zoonose. No que se refere às preferências para participação de ações educativas, 59,38% têm preferência por palestras para receber essas informações e 32,29% relataram que o dia mais apropriado para essas palestras é no sábado. Conclui-se que a população do município de Cajari - MA possui carência de informações e orientações sobre as zoonoses, ressaltando a importância de atividades de educação em saúde para a população.
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TOKER, Fidel, and Fatma Nur BARAN AKSAKAL. "Risk Perception of Zoonoses for Outdoor Recreational Activities." Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi 34, no. 1 - Ön Yayımdaki Makaleler (January 1, 2023): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17123/atad.1052492.
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According to the United Nations World Health Organization data, as an animal-borne disease which occurs through direct contact between animals and humans or through the usage of food, water and environment, Zoonoses infects 2,5 billion individuals annually leading to the death of 2,7 million individuals. As the last pandemic originated from zoonoses, COVID-19 has caused the infection of 280 million of individuals from the first transmission of the disease to humans and death of 5,5 millions of individuals. Zoonoses can pose a risk particularly for individuals who participate in outdoor recreational activities, for health purposes. This study was carried out to measure the knowledge level of individuals about zoonosis, and the effect of the zoonosis risk perception on the participation to outdoor recreation. A survey was carried out by interviewing 474 adults in person who applied to the Family Health Centers near Mogan and Eymir Lake in the Gölbaşı district of Ankara, which are among the wetlands with high risk potential. Study findings report zoonosis is not perceived as a risk and does not create any reservations in participation in outdoor recreational activities despite the awareness of individuals.
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Barros Rodrigues, Dálity Keffelen, Evellin Damerie Venâncio Müller, and Maria Cecilia Leite de Moraes. "ANÁLISE DO CONHECIMENTO SOBRE AS PRINCIPAIS ZOONOSES TRANSMITIDAS POR GATOS." Multitemas 23, no. 55 (October 16, 2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20435/multi.v23i55.1775.
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Objetivou-se identificar o conhecimento dos indivíduos sobre as principais zoonoses transmitidas por gatos, seus mecanismos de transmissão, grupo de risco e meios de comunicação utilizados para informação sobre zoonoses. O estudo foi realizado com frequentadores de uma Policlínica Universitária em São Paulo, através da aplicação de um questionário estruturado. Na amostra constituída por 80 pessoas, 29% afirmaram conhecer a palavra zoonose e apenas 1% conheciam a esporotricose. Uma parcela significativa dos entrevistados desconhecia as formas de transmissão (39%), grupos mais vulneráveis para a toxoplasmose (39%) e raiva (21%). Os postos de saúde (41%) seguido da internet (29%) foram os meios mais utilizados para obter informações sobre zoonoses. Diante dos resultados, evidenciou-se a necessidade da difusão de conhecimento sobre zoonoses através de novas estratégias educativas em saúde de caráter preventivo, bem como a capacitação dos profissionais envolvidos nesse processo.
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Starič, Jože, Risto Rautiainen, Jarkko Leppälä, Nataša Janev Holcer, Jožica Ježek, Kristina Drusany Starič, and Jaka Jakob Hodnik. "Safety culture regarding zoonoses on domestic ruminant farms." Veterinarska stanica 51, no. 2 (March 27, 2020): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.46419/vs.51.2.10.
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Veterinarians in buiatric practice, alongside veterinary care and animal welfare, are also responsible for protecting assisting personnel and those working on the holding from zoonoses. Therefore, they need to be knowledgeable about common zoonotic diseases of ruminants, in particular, and protection from their contraction. Veterinarians should know which zoonotic diseases are present in their country and neighbouring countries to be prepared to advise. Zoonotic diseases of ruminants often show no typical clinical presentation, so awareness of self-protective behaviour when dealing with animals in the prevention of zoonoses is very important. This article provides a review of the common zoonoses of domestic ruminants in South-East Europe that are transmitted when handling animals, and their manner of transmission to humans. Safety culture in ruminant production relates to employee attitudes and behaviour concerning health and safety, which also has a significant impact on zoonosis prevention. Improving the safety culture among livestock sector workers and worker behaviours that prevent the risk of zoonoses are also discussed.
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Yamada, Akio. "Zoonoses." Uirusu 54, no. 1 (2004): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2222/jsv.54.17.
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Mackenzie, John S., and David Williams. "Zoonoses." Microbiology Australia 41, no. 1 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma20002.
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The selection of papers included in this issue of Microbiology Australia present a broad brush of zoonotic diseases, from those known or described in ancient times such as rabies, first described in the Eshnunna cuneiform law tablets from ancient Mesopotamia dating back to the 18th–19th centuries BC, and glanders, thought to be first described in donkeys by Aristotle in Ancient Greece in 420–450 BC and subsequently by the Romans, to some discovered or recognised as zoonotic within the past 30 years, such as the recently described zoonotic bat-borne pathogens in Australia, and Clostridium difficile, only recently recognised as a zoonotic pathogen. The selection of papers also demonstrates the wide range of zoonotic origins, including arthropod-borne viruses and potentially seafood-borne parasites.
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Hart, C. A., M. Bennett, and M. E. Begon. "Zoonoses." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 53, no. 9 (September 1, 1999): 514–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.53.9.514.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Zoonoses"
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Hooper, Nicola. "Zoonoses - A Visual Narrative." Thesis, Griffith University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/388639.
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A zoonosis (zoonoses pl.) is classified as an infection or infectious disease that is transferred from an animal host to a human. Up to seventy per cent of all new diseases have their genesis in animal hosts.2 My practice-led research uses drawing as a narrative tool, to consider human fear of animal hosts in the context of their association with zoonoses, and draws parallels between the representation of animals in fairy tales, myths, and rhymes.
Three main areas of investigation inform and underpin my outcomes. The first area is the exploration of zoonotic diseases. Here I examine human culpability in the spread of zoonotic pathogens, our representation of animals in popular culture, and the resulting perception of animals in the context of fear of disease. This perception is informed through theorist Steve Baker’s concepts of “animal-endorsed” and “animal-skeptical”3 and sociologist Kay Pegg’s perceptions of ‘good’ and ‘bad’ animals.4 Contemporary artists Roger Hiorns and Patricia Piccinini’s works inspired by zoonotic diseases/viruses or pathogens provide a contextual basis for examining the role of contemporary visual art in addressing these concerns. The second area of investigation references the role of fairy tales and rhymes, both historically and as a tool to subversively relay information in the present. I investigate the work of artists Katarina Fritsch, Paula Rego, and Kiki Smith who have explored myth, fairy tales, and rhymes as iconology within their practices. The third area addresses sociologist Stanley Cohen’s concepts of moral panic, social anxiety, and states of denial as outcomes of the media’s representation of zoonotic outbreaks.
This research has resulted in the creation of lithographic diptychs, sculptures, and artist books containing created rhymes and wallpapers. These works use fairy tales, myths, and rhymes as a metaphor to discuss zoonotic outbreaks in a non-threatening and gentle manner. I employ these tropes within my studio practice and in the methodology that I share with Rego and Smith. By focusing on the narrative possibilities associated with various host animals, I argue that we can use fairy tales and rhymes and associated anthropomorphism to both discuss and educate about zoonotic viruses and various animal hosts in a way that generates greater understanding of the natural world.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Visual Arts (DVA)
Queensland College of Art
Arts, Education and Law
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Freitas, Sheila Pereira Barbosa. "Ocorrência de infecções por Encephalitozoon spp. em coelhos do estado de São Paulo, Brasil /." Araçatuba, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151491.
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Orientador: Gisele Fabrino MachadoBanca:Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani
Banca: Paulo Ricardo Dell'Armelina Rocha
Resumo: A encefalitozoonose é uma doença zoonótica causada por microsporídios do gênero Encephalitozoon e acomete uma ampla gama de aves, répteis e mamíferos, incluindo os coelhos, principal hospedeiro da espécie Encephalitozoon cuniculi. Esse estudo teve como objetivo investigar a ocorrência da presença do DNA de Encephalitozoon spp. em coelhos de granjas e residências do interior do e estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram colhidas 429 amostras por conveniência, que passaram por extração e posterior amplificação de DNA por meio da PCR convencional para o gênero Encephalitozoon. O método utilizado permitiu a detecção do parasito em 11 amostras (2,56%). Há presença do esporo do parasito em algumas destas granjas, mas nenhum coelho doméstico apresentou positividade. A baixa porcentagem de DNA detectado nas amostras analisadas pode indicar uma baixa ocorrência desta infecção nos animais presentes nas granjas analisadas. Esta é a primeira pesquisa sobre o gênero Encephalitozoon em granjas de coelhos e residências no estado de São Paulo.
Abstract: Encephalitozoonosis is a zoonotic disease caused by microsporidia of the genus Encephalitozoon and affects a wide range of birds, reptiles and mammals, including rabbits, the main host of the species Encephalitozoon cuniculi. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of the DNA of Encephalitozoon spp. in rabbits from farms and residences at cities in state of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 429 samples of feces were collected for convenience, from rabbits living at farms and residences from the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The DNA was extracted and amplified by conventional PCR for the genus Encephalitozoon. The parasite was detected in 11 samples (2.56%). That showed there's the presence of the parasite spore in some of these farms, but no domestic rabbit showed positivity. The low percentage of DNA detected in the analyzed samples, may indicate a low occurrence of this infection in the animals present in the analyzed farms. This is the first research on the genus Encephalitozoon in farms of rabbits and residences in the state of São Paulo.
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Maxwell, Melody J. "Building the road to a regional zoonoses strategy: a survey of zoonoses programs in the Americas." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1460630934.
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Osman, Marwan. "Caractérisation génétique et phénotypique de cryptosporidium : de la souris à l’homme." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL2S068/document.
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Les parasites du genre Cryptosporidium comprennent des espèces infectant le tractus gastro-intestinal ou respiratoire d’un grand nombre de vertébrés y compris l'homme. Ces protistes intracellulaires sont les agents d’une zoonose cosmopolite à transmission oro-fécale, la cryptosporidiose. Au vu des travaux de notre laboratoire, nous savons à présent que Cryptosporidium parvum est également capable d’induire des néoplasies digestives chez un modèle murin SCID (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency mice), traitées ou pas par la dexaméthasone. Alors que C. muris, une autre espèce de Cryptosporidium, induit une infection chronique non associée à des transformations néoplasiques.Pour toutes ces raisons, il nous est apparu intéressant d’effectuer un travail de thèse articulé autour de trois axes principaux, l’épidémiologie, la transmission et la pathogénicité du parasite Cryptosporidium. Nous nous sommes intéressés dans un premier temps à l’épidémiologie moléculaire et la biodiversité génétique de Cryptosporidium dans des populations humaines de la région du Nord-Liban. Ceci nous a permis de mettre en évidence une prévalence de 5% de Cryptosporidium chez la population générale avec une prédominance de C. hominis. Ce qui constituait les premières données épidémiologiques de la cryptosporidiose au Liban. Ensuite d’autres études nous ont permis de montrer que cette prévalence pouvait atteindre même 10% chez les patients symptomatiques et les enfants.Dans un second temps, nous avons voulu étudier le mode de transmission du parasite et les facteurs de risque pouvant y être associés. Pour ce faire, une recherche du parasite a été réalisée aussi bien au Liban qu’en France chez des animaux d’élevage, sauvages, de compagnie et en captivité. Une première étude a été réalisée chez des patients et des bovins du Nord-Liban. L’ensemble des données rapportées nous permettent de suggérer un mode de transmission de la cryptosporidiose majoritairement anthroponotique au Liban, mais les résultats du génotypage ne permettent pas d’exclure la présence d’une transmission zoonotique. D’autres études réalisées en France, notamment sur des échantillons de selles collectées auprès des zoos de la Palmyre (à Royan) et de Lille ont montré un taux de prévalence de Cryptosporidium spp inférieur à 1%. Ces animaux ne semblent donc pas être un réservoir potentiel de cette infection. Alors que chez les poissons sauvages, nous avons pu identifier la présence entre autre de l’espèce zoonotique C. parvum dans l’estomac et l’intestin des poissons. Ceci nous permet de considérer les poissons comme étant une source de contamination potentiel pour l’homme, l’animal mais également pour l’environnement.Enfin le troisième axe avait pour but d’étudier la pathogénicité de ce parasite. Pour commencer nous avons voulu explorer les mécanismes de la cancérogénèse induite par la souche IOWA de C. parvum au niveau de la région iléocæcale des souris SCID traitées par la dexaméthasone (SCID-D). Pour ce faire nous nous sommes intéressés à quatre marqueurs de voies de signalisation cellulaires impliquées dans la survenue de cancers colorectaux (APC, Bêta-caténine, P53 et K‐ras). Nous avons ainsi pu montrer que la voie Wnt était impliquée dans ce processus. Ensuite nous avons voulu étudier l’association entre la pathologie cancéreuse et le parasitisme par Cryptosporidium chez l’homme. Une recherche du parasite a donc été réalisée dans des biopsies d’origines coliques et gastriques inclues en paraffine appartenant à des patients atteints ou non de cancers digestifs. Une différence significative a été rapportée entre la prévalence de la cryptosporidiose retrouvée chez la population de patients présentant des lésions cancéreuses (17%) et celle du groupe control constitué de patients non cancéreux mais présentant des symptômes (7%) p-value = 0.03. L’ensemble de ces données obtenues chez l’animal et chez l’homme montre que ce parasite a un impact important en santé humaine et animaleParasites of the genus Cryptosporidium comprise species infecting the gastrointestinal or respiratory tract of a wide variety of vertebrates including humans. These intracellular protists are the agents of a cosmopolitan zoonosis, with féco-oral transmission, cryptosporidiosis. Recent work from our laboratory, showed that the zoonotic species Cryptosporidium parvum is capable to induce digestive neoplasia in a SCID Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Mice (SCID) model, treated or not with dexamethasone. However C. muris, another species of Cryptosporidium, induces chronic infection in this rodent model but is not associated with neoplastic transformation.For all these reasons, it seemed interesting to carry out a thesis project articulated around three different axes: epidemiology, transmission and pathogenesis of the Cryptosporidium infection. We focused initially on the molecular epidemiology and genetic biodiversity of this parasite among human populations in North Lebanon. We found a Cryptosporidium prevalence of 5% among the general population, being C. hominis the predominant species. This prevalence could reach until 10% in symptomatic patients and children. This is the first epidemiological data about cryptosporidiosis in this country.Secondly, we studied the transmission routes and the main risk factors associated with the transmission of this parasite. To do this, a first study was conducted in parallel among animal populations in North Lebanon and France. The reported data suggest a predominance of an anthroponotic route of transmission for cryptosporidiosis in Lebanon, but the results of genotyping does not exclude the presence of zoonotic transmission. Other studies conducted in France, especially based on collection of stool samples in the zoos of Palmyre (Royan) and Lille showed that Cryptosporidium spp were present in less than 1% of captivity animals. The low prevalence strongly demonstrates that these animals play a negligible role as potential reservoirs of infection. While in wild fish, we could identify the presence of C. parvum, a zoonotic species, in the stomach and the gut of fish. These data suggest that the fish could be a natural host of C. parvum and a potential source of contamination for humans, animals but also for the environment.Finally, the third topic aimed to study the pathogenicity of this parasite. Firstly, we explored metabolic pathways potentially involved in the development of C. parvum-induced ileo-caecal oncogenesis in the SCID model treated with dexamethasone (SCID-D). We searched for alterations in genes or proteins commonly involved in cell cycle, differentiation or cell migration, such as β-catenin, Apc, E-cadherin, Kras and p53. We were able to show that the Wnt pathway was involved in this process. Finally, we wanted to study the association between digestive cancer and parasitism with Cryptosporidium in humans. Cryptosporidium molecular detection was therefore carried out in colonic and gastric biopsies belonging to patients with and without digestive cancers of recent diagnosis collected in North Lebanon. A statistically significant difference was observed between the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis found among the population of patients with digestive cancer (17%) and that of the control group consisting of non-cancer patients but with digestive symptoms (7%) (p-value = 0.03). All these data obtained in animals and humans strengthens the importance of this parasite in public health
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Souza, Milena Sato de. "Production of Cryptosporidium parvum recombinant proteins aiming the development of diagnostic methods /." Araçatuba, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151397.
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Orientador: Marcelo Vasconcelos MeirelesResumo: Cryptosporidium spp. são parasitos protozoários que infectam principalmente as células epiteliais do trato digestivo em vários animais, incluindo humanos. Este protozoário causa doença entérica, que se caracteriza como diarréia auto-limitante em indivíduos saudáveis, ou mesmo doença fatal em pacientes imunodeficientes. Cryptosporidium parvum é a principal causa de infecção em mamíferos e é o principal responsável pela criptosporidiose zoonótica. Novos métodos de detecção, prevenção, tratamento e estratégias de controle para criptosporidiose em seres humanos são cada vez mais necessários. Anticorpos e proteínas recombinantes têm potencial para o desenvolvimento de medicamentos, vacinas ou podem ser usados para desenvolver técnicas de diagnóstico mais acessíveis com alta sensibilidade e especificidade. Neste estudo, o objetivo principal foi a expressão da proteína recombinante CP41 de C. parvum em Escherichia coli e produção de um anticorpo específico para CP41 recombinante (rCP41), visando a detecção de oocistos de Cryptosporidium por imunofluorescência.
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Monchâtre-Leroy, Élodie. "Épidémiologie descriptive et analytique des orthohantavirus chez les rongeurs sauvages en France." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1255.
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Les orthohantavirus sont des virus, généralement zoonotiques, présents dans la plupart des zones d’habitat des rongeurs, espèces réservoirs. En Europe, le virus Puumala (PUUV) est l’orthohantavirus qui provoque le plus grand nombre de cas humains, appelées néphropathies épidémiques (NE). L’Homme se contamine le plus souvent de façon indirecte via un contact avec des déjections de campagnol roussâtre (Myodes glareolus) qui est le réservoir spécifique du PUUV. Le rongeur se contamine de façon indirecte comme l’Homme ou de façon directe lors d’interactions avec un campagnol infecté. En France, la zone d’endémie des cas humains se situe dans le quart Nord-Est du pays. Au sein de cette zone, plusieurs foyers ont été identifiés parmi lesquels le nombre de cas varie en fonction des zones, des saisons et des années. L’épidémiologie des cas de NE est intimement liée à celle des infections à PUUV des campagnols. Cependant, la simple présence d’une population de campagnols infectée n’explique pas la disparité spatiale du nombre de cas humains, avec des zones restant indemnes de NE malgré une séroprévalence parfois élevée chez les rongeurs. L’objectif général de cette thèse est de mieux comprendre les facteurs qui expliquent cette disparité en comparant une zone de faible endémie qu’est l’Alsace à une zone de forte endémie que sont les Ardennes. Une première étude a permis d’investiguer le lien entre le risque pour l’Homme et le nombre de rongeurs infectés et donc potentiellement excréteurs, via un suivi de la séroprévalence chez le rongeur dans le temps et dans l’espace en Alsace. En comparaison avec de précédentes études réalisées dans des zones de forte endémie, nos résultats montrent qu’en Alsace le nombre limité de cas humains est associé à une faible séroprévalence des rongeurs. Outre le nombre de rongeurs infectés, l’importance de la contamination environnementale et donc le risque de contamination humaine, dépendent du niveau d’excrétion virale par les rongeurs, qui est modulée pour partie par le variant viral. Aussi, dans un deuxième temps, une étude phylogénétique a été conduite pour évaluer la microévolution du virus entre plusieurs sites des Ardennes. Cette microévolution s’est avérée très différente en fonction du nombre de cas de NE associé à chaque site et était en lien avec les caractéristiques du renouvellement des individus (via la survie et les migrations) au sein de chaque population de rongeurs. Enfin, le troisième volet de ce travail a visé à déterminer l’impact de l’environnement sur la démographie et l’infection des rongeurs dans les Ardennes. Cette partie a débuté par une revue exhaustive de la littérature afin d’identifier le rôle des conditions climatiques, de l’habitat des rongeurs et de la disponibilité alimentaire sur la séroprévalence des rongeurs et sur le nombre de cas de NE. Dans un second temps, des analyses à l’aide de modèles de régression ont permis d’examiner l’influence de ces différents facteurs sur le risque d’infection des rongeurs, estimé par deux indicateurs : la séroprévalence, communément utilisée dans de telles études, et le taux d’incidence, bien plus sensible du moment de l’infection. Logiquement, nos résultats ont montré que la séroprévalence et le taux d’incidence ne sont pas influencés par les mêmes facteurs ; ceux-ci sont discutés au regard des résultats des précédentes études. Nos études suggèrent que l’hétérogénéité spatiale des cas de NE est en partie liée au nombre de rongeurs infectés et à la diversité des souches de PUUV, qui dépendent des caractéristiques démographiques des populations de rongeurs et de l’environnement. Ces résultats sont à approfondir et d’autres hypothèses doivent être explorées, comme l’influence de l’immunité des rongeurs sur le niveau d’excrétion virale et la modulation de leur risque de contamination par leur comportement. Tous ces apports pourraient être utilisés dans des modèles épidémiologiques afin de mieux évaluer le risque pour l’HommeOrthohantavirus are viruses, mostly zoonotic, present in most places inhabited by rodents, which are the reservoir species. In Europe, Puumala virus (PUUV) is the orthohantavirus that causes the highest number of human disease cases, called nephropathia epidemica (NE). The virus is transmitted to humans indirectly via excretions of bank vole (Myodes glareolus), which is the reservoir species of PUUV. Infection of bank voles occurs by indirect contamination as in humans or by direct contact with another infected rodent. In France, the endemic area is located in the north-eastern part of the country. In this area, several outbreaks were identified among which the number of cases varies depending on locations, years and seasons. The epidemiology of human cases is closely related to PUUV infections in bank voles. However, the presence of an infected bank vole population alone does not explain the heterogeneous spatial distribution of human cases, with some areas remaining free of NE cases in spite of a high rodent seroprevalence. The main goal of this PhD was to better understand the factors that explain this discrepancy by comparing a low endemic area, that is Alsace, and a high endemic area, that is Ardennes. A first study evaluated the link between the risk for humans and the number of infected, and thus potentially excreting, rodents via the monitoring of rodent seroprevalence in space and time in Alsace. In comparison with studies conducted in highly endemic areas, our results show that in Alsace the limited number of human cases is associated with a low rodent seroprevalence. In addition to the number of infected rodents, the importance of environmental contamination and by this way the contamination risk for humans are impacted by the quantity of virus excreted by bank voles, which is partially modulated by the virus strain. Then, in a second phase, a phylogenetic study was conducted to assess the microevolution of virus in several sites in Ardennes. This microevolution was found to be very different depending on the number of NE cases associated to each site and was related to the characteristics of individual turnover (through survival and movements) in each rodent population. At last, the third phase of this thesis aimed to determine the impact of the environment on the demography and infection of rodents in Ardennes. This part started with an exhaustive literature review to identify the role of climatic conditions (temperatures, precipitations, snow) and food availability on rodent seroprevalence and on the number of human cases. Then, analyses with regression models allowed investigating the impact of these different factors on the risk of infection of rodents, estimated by two indicators: the seroprevalence, which is commonly used in such studies, and the incidence rate, which is a better indicator of the time of infection. Logically, our results showed that seroprevalence and incidence rate were not influenced by the same factors; the role of those factors is discussed in view of results from previous studies. Our studies suggested that the spatial heterogeneity of NE cases was partly related to the number of infected rodents and to the diversity of PUUV strains, which depend on the demographic characteristics of the rodent populations and their environment. These insights require further studies and other hypotheses need to be explored, such as the influence of rodent immunity on the level of viral excretion and the modulation of their contamination risk by their behaviour. All those inputs could be used in epidemiological models to better evaluate the risk for humans
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Cook, Elizabeth Anne Jessie. "Epidemiology of zoonoses in slaughterhouse workers in western Kenya." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10510.
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Slaughterhouses are places where animals are slaughtered for food. In developing countries a lack of appropriate facilities and limited resources mean the slaughter industry is poorly regulated. Poor hygiene practices in slaughterhouses can result in the transmission of diseases from animals to people called zoonoses. Slaughterhouse workers are generally considered at increased risk of being exposed to such diseases due to their close contact with animals and animal products. The aims of this study were: to assess the current conditions in slaughterhouses and the knowledge, attitudes and practices of workers in ruminant and pig slaughterhouses in western Kenya; to determine the exposure of slaughterhouse workers to different zoonotic pathogens; to investigate the risk factors associated with exposure to these pathogens and to quantify the risk of zoonotic disease exposure for slaughterhouse workers compared to the general population. Slaughterhouses in western Kenya were visited between May 2011 and October 2012. Seven hundred and thirty-eight workers were recruited from 142 slaughterhouses. Overall, the slaughterhouses lacked facilities, with 65% (95% CI 63–67%) of slaughterhouses having a roof, cement floor and solid sides, 60% (95% CI 57–62%) had a toilet and 20% (95% CI 18–22%) hand-washing facilities. Less than half of workers 32% (95% CI 29–34%) wore personal protective clothing. Antemortem inspection was practiced at 7% (95% CI 6–8%) of slaughterhouses and 18% (95% CI 16–19%) of workers reported slaughtering sick animals. Slaughterhouse workers were screened for five zoonotic diseases. The unadjusted seroprevalence of the zoonotic diseases were: brucellosis 0.1% (95% CI 0.007– 0.8%); leptospirosis 13.4% (95% CI 11.1–16.1%); Q fever 4.5% (95% CI 3.2–6.2%); Rift Valley fever (RVF) 1.2% (95% CI 0.6–2.3%); taeniasis 1.8% (95% CI 1.0– 3.0%); and cysticercosis 2.6% (95% CI 1.7–4.0%). Risk factors for leptospirosis and Q fever were examined by multivariable logistic regression. Risk factors associated with leptospirosis seropositivity included: having wounds (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.4–5.3); smoking at work (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1–3.0); eating at work (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2–3.6); and cleaning the intestines (OR 3.8; 95% CI 1.8–8.2). Protective factors were: working at a slaughterhouse where antemortem inspection was performed (OR 0.6; 95% CI 0.4–0.9). The risk factors significantly associated with Q fever seropositivity included: being intoxicated at work (OR 3.2; 95% CI 1.1–9.4). The odds ratio for leptospirosis seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers was determined to be 2.3 (95% CI 1.6–3.4) times that of the community. For Q fever the odds ratio for seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers was 1.9 (95% CI 1.0–3.8) times that of the community. This is the first report of a range of zoonotic pathogens in slaughterhouse workers in Kenya. This study indicated the potential risk factors for zoonotic disease exposure in slaughterhouses. The current working conditions in slaughterhouses in western Kenya are far below the recommended standard. Improvements need to be made to facilities and practices in all slaughterhouses. Training is recommended to improve awareness for workers, managers and inspectors of the risks of zoonotic disease exposure and methods to reduce it.
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Meditsch, Renata Gonçalves Martins. "O médico veterinário, as zoonoses e a saúde pública." Florianópolis, SC, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/89049.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde PúblicaMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T16:13:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 226459.pdf: 1277909 bytes, checksum: e140c43508ee050bd2bacc13c2e2b64b (MD5)
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Nasser, Jeanette Trigo 1970. "A leishmaniose tegumentar americana em Campinas : contribuições da analise espacial e do sensoriamento remoto orbital." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311099.
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Orientador: Maria Rita de Camargo Donalisio CordeiroDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T00:14:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nasser_JeanetteTrigo_M.pdf: 6738554 bytes, checksum: 5c27e29a18055208148559337213b2c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o perfil epidemiológico e a distribuição geográfica dos casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) ocorridos em Campinas no período de 1992 a 2003. Para este fim foram utilizadas informações sobre os casos notificados de LTA em Campinas e os respectivos locais prováveis de infecção (LPI) obtidas na base de dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Agravos Notificáveis (SINAN), de fichas de investigação epidemiológicas disponibilizados pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Campinas e Superintendência de Controle de Endemias regional - SUCEN-Campinas. Variáveis sociodemográficas e epidemiológicas foram estudadas. Estes dados foram georreferenciados mediante a coleta de coordenadas dos LPIs através de GPS (Global Position System). Datum: Córrego Alegre Projeção: UTM. Foram identificadas áreas com maior concentração de casos (clusters) no município, por meio do estimador de densidade kernel. Imagens do satélite Landsat 5 sensor TM 219/76 destas áreas foram processadas procurando identificar padrões de uso e ocupação do solo relacionados com o perfil epidemiológico da doença. O processamento das imagens constou de: registro, segmentação e classificação em classes temáticas (tipos de uso e ocupação do solo). Foi realizada a tabulação cruzada entre estas classes temáticas para se analisar mudanças no ¿tempo e espaço¿ das áreas de estudo. O software utilizado foi o Spring 4.01 Beta. A LTA em Campinas concentra-se em duas áreas do município (Leste e Sudoeste) diferentes entre si tanto no aspecto de uso e ocupação do solo como nas condições socioeconômicas. Na área Leste não se verificou desmatamento nos anos que precederam o surto. Na área Sudoeste essa doença é endêmica. Apresentando ciclos epidêmicos a cada 9-10 anos. O uso do sensoriamento remoto pode contribuir para compreender a dinâmica dessa enfermidade, bem como de outras de transmissão vetorial
Abstract: The aim of this work was to study the epidemiological profile and geographical distribution of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) cases occurring in Campinas between 1992 and 2003. Information on notified ATL cases in Campinas and the respective probable infection locations (PIL) were obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (NDIS), epidemiological investigation forms available from Campinas Municipal Health Secretary, and the SUCEN-Campinas region Superintendent of Endemic Disease Control. Socio-demographic and epidemiological variables were studied. These data were georeferenced by recording PIL coordinates using GPS (Global Position System). Datum: Córrego Alegre Projection: UTM. Areas with high case concentrations (clusters) in the municipal area were identified using a kernel density estimator. Landsat 5 TM 219/76 sensor satellite images of these areas were processed to identify use, occupation and soil patterns related to the disease¿s epidemiological profile. This image processing consisted of: recording, segmenting, and classifying into theme classes (types of soil use and occupation). Cross tabulation was performed between these theme classes to analyze time and space changes in the study areas. The software used for this was Spring 4.01 Beta. The ATL in Campinas is concentrated in two areas of the city (East and Southwest) which differ from each other in aspects concerning occupation and use of the soil and socio-economic conditions. In the Eastern area, deforestation was not verified in the years that had preceded the outbreak. In the Southwestern area, this illness is endemic presenting epidemic cycles every 9-10 years. Remote Sensing can contribute to understanding the dynamics of this and other vector transmitted diseases
Mestrado
Epidemiologia
Mestre em Saude Coletiva
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Mascolli, Roberta. "Leishmaniose, leptospirose, brucelose, toxoplasmose, neosporose e doença de Chagas na população canina da Estância Turística de Ibiúna, São Paulo: inquérito de prevalência e fatores de risco." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-05102012-153539/.
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Foi efetuado um inquérito epidemiológico do potencial zoonótico da população canina da Estância Turística de Ibiúna, SP. As zoonoses investigadas foram: leishmaniose, leptospirose, brucelose (B.canis), toxoplasmose, neosporose e doença de Chagas. As características analisadas foram: ocorrência, prevalência, distribuição espacial e fatores de risco. As colheitas de sangue foram efetuadas no período de 2007 a 2008 de uma amostra representativa (n=570), aleatória e estratificada da população canina do município. Por ocasião das colheitas de sangue os proprietários dos animais responderam a um questionário elaborado para permitir o cálculo dos fatores de risco. Os 48 bairros do município foram agrupados em quatro regiões caracterizadas por: região 1 composta por áreas mistas de urbanização recente, sem infra-estrutura adequada e com deficiência de serviços e áreas rurais formadas por pequenas propriedades agrícolas; região 2 de característica predominantemente rural formada por pequenas propriedades agrícolas e sítios circundados por áreas de mata; região 3 formada por área urbanizada que dispõe infra-estrutura organizada; região 4 também apresenta o predomínio de pequenas propriedades rurais para plantio e lazer, circundadas por áreas de mata. Não foram examinados animais do Parque Estadual de Jurupará. A leptospirose foi investigada pela técnica de soroaglutinação microscópica, com uma coleção de 24 sorovariedades de leptospiras, a leishmaniose por uma reação imunoenzimática, a brucelose (B.canis) por cultivo microbiológico e toxoplasmose, neosporose e doença de Chagas por imunofluorescência indireta. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados pelo teste de qui quadrado ou exato de Fisher, quando indicado, o nível de significância adotado foi o de 0,05. Foram encontrados animais reatores para as seis zoonoses estudadas, com taxas de prevalência de: 1,1%, 2,3%, 6,1%, 7,0%, 32,8% e 55,1%, respectivamente para: brucelose por (B.canis), leishmaniose, doença de Chagas, neosporose, leptospirose e toxoplasmose. As variantes sorológicas de leptospiras predominantes em ordem decrescente de ocorrência foram: Pyrogenes, Autumnalis e Canicola. As variáveis sexo masculino, idade adulta, presença de roedores, permanência nas vias públicas, ingestão de carne crua e atividade sexual foram caracterizadas como fatores de risco para leptospirose e toxoplasmose; a permanência nas vias públicas foi caracterizada como fator de risco para brucelose; sexo masculino, idade adulta e atividade sexual foram caracterizados como fatores de risco para neosporose; contato com carrapatos foi caracterizado como fator de risco para doença de Chagas. As prevalências de leishmaniose, leptospirose, brucelose, toxoplasmose e neosporose não diferiram segundo área rural ou urbana bem como nas quatro regiões em que o município foi dividido. A prevalência da doença de Chagas foi idêntica em área rural ou urbana, mas o valor observado na região 4 (bairros: Campo Verde, Rio Una de Cima, Ressaca e Paruru) foi superior ao encontrado nas demais.A seroepidemiologic survey was performed aiming to evaluate the zoonotic potential of the canine population of the tourist city of Ibiúna, São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. The frequency of the occurrence, spatial distribution and associated risk factors of leishmaniasis, leptospirosis, brucellosis (Brucella canis), toxoplasmosis, neosporosis and Chagas' disease were investigated during the period of 2007 to 2008, in 570 blood samples gathered randomly from a stratified canine population, divided in 48 districts of the municipality which were grouped into four main regions characterized as: region 1 consists of mixed areas of recent urbanization without adequate infrastructure and services and rural areas formed by small properties; region 2 predominantly agricultural characteristic with small rural farms and properties surrounded by forest areas; region 3 formed by urbanized area with organized infrastructure, region 4 also presents the predominance of small country properties for planting and leisure, surrounded by forest areas. The animals of the State Park of Jurupará were not examined. During the blood collection, a questionnaire was applied to the owners of animals, in order to afford the epidemiological profile of the population and to carry out statistical analysis of risk factors. Leptospirosis was investigated by microscopic serum agglutination technique using a collection of 24 leptospira serovars, for leishmaniasis it was employed the ELISA technique and for brucellosis, by microbiological cultivation of B. canis and the toxoplasmosis, neosporosis and Chagas' disease, by using the indirect immunofluorescence techniques. The results were analyzed by the qui square (X2) test or by the Fisher's exact test, when indicated, using the significance level of α = 0.05. Positive reactant animals were found for leishmaniasis, leptospirosis, brucellosis, toxoplasmosis, neosporosis and Chagas' disease, with positive rates respectively of 2.3%, 32.8%, 1.05%, 55.1%, 7.0% and 6.1%. The most frequent serovars of leptospires, in decreasing order of occurrence were: Pyrogenes, Autumnalis and Canicola. Variables like "Male sex", "age", "presence of rodents", "permanence in streets", "ingestion of raw meat" and "sexual activity" were characterized as risk factors for the occurrence of leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis. Permanence in streets" was characterized as a risk factor for the occurrence of brucellosis. "Male sex", "age" and "sexual activity" were characterized as risk factors for the occurrence of neosporosis. The "contact with ticks" was characterized as a risk factor for the occurrence of Chagas' disease. The frequencies of occurrence of leishmaniasis, leptospirosis, brucellosis, toxoplasmosis and neosporosis were similar in rural and urban areas as well as in the four regions studied in Ibiúna. The positive rates of Chagas' disease was similar both in rural and urban areas, however, frequencies of Chagas' disease was significantly higher in region 4.
Books on the topic "Zoonoses"
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Shakespeare, Martin. Zoonoses. London: Pharmaceutical Press, 2002.
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Bauerfeind, Rolf, Alexander von Graevenitz, Peter Kimmig, Hans Gerd Schiefer, Tino Schwarz, Werner Slenczka, and Horst Zahner. Zoonoses. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819262.
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Shakespeare, Martin. Zoonoses. 2nd ed. London ; Chicago: Pharmaceutical Press, 2009.
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Geerts, S., V. Kumar, and J. Brandt, eds. Helminth Zoonoses. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3341-5.
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Fong, I. W. Emerging Zoonoses. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50890-0.
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Dhaliwal, B. B. Singh, and Prayag Dutt Juyal. Parasitic Zoonoses. New Delhi: Springer India, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1551-6.
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S, Geerts, Kumar V, Brandt J, and International Colloquium on Helminth Zoonoses (1986 : Antwerp, Belgium), eds. Helminth zoonoses. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987.
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W, Beran George, ed. Viral [zoonoses]. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1994.
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Epizootics, International Office of, ed. An update on zoonoses: Le point sur les zoonoses : Actualización en el campo de las zoonosis. Paris: Office International des Epizooties, 2000.
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Weese, J. Scott, and Martha B. Fulford, eds. Companion Animal Zoonoses. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470958957.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Zoonoses"
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Zachvatkin, Yuri A. "Zoonosis (pl. zoonoses)." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 4308. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_2333.
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Braun-Falco, Otto, Gerd Plewig, Helmut H. Wolff, and Richard K. Winkelmann. "Zoonoses." In Dermatology, 211–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00181-3_6.
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Grace, Delia, Silvia Alonso, Bernard Bett, Elizabeth Cook, Hu Suk Lee, Anne Liljander, Jeff Mariner, et al. "Zoonoses." In The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute, 302–37. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241853.0302.
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Abstract This book chapter focuses on zoonoses that are not transmitted primarily through food. Establishing systematic data collection is the first step to manage zoonoses. Management is complicated by heterogeneity: zoonoses may have a significant and debilitating effect on some communities but not on others. Understanding the spatial distribution of the burden of zoonoses is important to better focus control efforts. A significant constraint is the lack of collaboration between medical and veterinary authorities: institutionally speaking, zoonoses typically find themselves homeless and ignored. There is a need for one-health thinking and research to overcome inter-sectoral barriers to effective control of zoonoses.
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Ogden, Nick H., L. Robbin Lindsay, and Michael A. Drebot. "Zoonoses." In Climate Change and Animal Health, 141–55. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003149774-7.
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Lauderdale, Lisa. "Zoonoses." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_419-1.
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Lauderdale, Lisa. "Zoonoses." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 7380–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_419.
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Narayan, Krishna Gopal, Dharmendra Kumar Sinha, and Dhirendra Kumar Singh. "Zoonoses." In Veterinary Public Health & Epidemiology, 21–33. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7800-5_2.
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Stull, Jason W. "Zoonoses." In The Routledge International Handbook of Human-Animal Interactions and Anthrozoology, 373–87. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032153346-26.
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Cichon, R., A. Platt-Samoraj, and J. Uradziński. "ZOONOSES." In Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 6284–89. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-12-227055-x/01311-0.
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Lamb, Lucy, and Robert Davidson. "Zoonoses." In Antibiotic and Chemotherapy, 797–808. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7020-4064-1.00061-0.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Zoonoses"
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Joiner, Gary N. "Zoonoses and Enclosed Environments." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/911513.
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Francisco, Flávia de Almeida. "PRECISAMOS FALAR SOBRE ZOONOSES." In I Congresso Brasileiro On-line de Atenção Básica a Saúde. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/conabs2024/30606.
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ABURAYA, JIM HEIJI, and LEA HARUMI KAWAKAMI. "ZOONOSES NA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA." In I Congresso Nacional de Saúde da Família On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/conasf/19014.
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Souza, Isaias Sena Moraes. "FATORES RELACIONADOS ÀS ZOONOSES EMERGENTES: REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Parasitologia Humana On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/903.
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Introdução: As zoonoses são comorbidades naturalmente transmissíveis entre os animais e o homem, causadas por vírus, bactérias, protozoários, fungos, helmintos ou príons. Essas enfermidades são de grande relevância pública, pois podem ameaçar a economia, segurança e a saúde global, uma vez que representam 60.3% das doenças que acometem os humanos. Objetivo: Abordar os principais fatores relacionados à emergência de zoonoses no âmbito global e possíveis medidas preventivas para sua contenção. Material e métodos: Pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO de artigos científicos que tratam sobre a emergência de zoonoses e fatores intensificadores. Foram incluídos os termos “zoonoses, globalização, microrganismos”. Resultados: Conforme a humanidade e a revolução técnico-científica expandiam-se, o mundo tornou-se mais globalizado. As relações intraespecíficas entre pessoas de todo o globo e interespecíficas, entre humanos e outras espécies, elevaram-se através de fatores, como: a expansão da pecuária; domesticação e interação com animais selvagens; alimentação exótica; alterações demográficas e comportamentais, além do comércio e viagens internacionais. Os fatos enunciados levaram ao aumento da susceptibilidade da população e da transmissão de doenças, que, por sua vez, ocasionaram na emergência e reemergência de doenças infecciosas. A dificuldade em desenvolver vacinas para as comorbidades existentes, adaptação de microrganismos e a pobreza de países subdesenvolvidos, apresentam-se como agentes impulsionadores diferenciais. No último século, é possível destacar enfermidades como: ebola; febre amarela; tuberculose; SARS; Zika e dengue, que levaram a grandes perdas econômicas e humanas. A detecção precoce de patógenos, presença de uma rede informativa internacional, vigilância de variantes virais e bacterianas resistentes, formulação de estratégias de contenção, ademais, recursos globais bem distribuídos, são pontos-chave para uma prontaresposta eficaz. Conclusão: A globalização e o contato interespecífico ocorrem de modo contínuo. A possibilidade do surgimento ou reemergência de comorbidades com potencial de causar pandemias, está sempre presente, sendo necessária, portanto, a realização de esforços globais de identificação e contenção.
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Schimit, Eduarda Chiamolera. "ZOONOSES TRANSMITIDAS POR PASSERIFORMES VÍTIMAS DE TRÁFICO." In I Congresso On-line Nacional de Clínica Veterinária de Pequenos Animais. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/2396.
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Introdução: Passeriformes são aves pequenas, conhecidos como passarinhos, reconhecidas pela presença de quatro dedos ao mesmo nível. Seu canto agradável e variação de cores atrai interesse pela criação doméstica, tornando-os importantes disseminadores de patógenos virulentos. Dentre as mais de 5.000 mil espécies destacam-se os curiós, canários e thraupidae como desejados pelos humano. Objetivo: Com este resumo objetivou-se identificar a zoonose mais frequente em aves vítimas de tráfico no Brasil e seus aspectos ambientais associados. Material e Métodos: O método adotado foi de revisão bibliográfica das publicações do Periódicos CAPES nos últimos dez anos, resultando na análise de cinco artigos. Resultados: A comercialização de passeriformes no Brasil, se dá principalmente pelo tráfico, que se configura ilegal no pais, conforme a lei nº 9.605/98, Art.º 29. Independente da ilegalidade, estudos apontam que cerca de 38 milhões de animais silvestres são vendidos como pets, aumentando os índices de mortalidade, transmissão de doenças e resistência de patógenos, muito motivado pelas péssimas condições higiênica-sanitárias, de captura e manejo, assim como o estresse submetidas. Dentre os cinco artigos analisados a Escherichia coli esteve como coadjuvante ou protagonista, dos agente etiológicos que permeiam essa atividade ilegal. Para os teóricos estudados é possível caracterizar a E. coli como a enterobactéria oportunista de maior impacto e relevância no trato de animais em cativeiro, sobretudo aves, associada a doenças sistêmicas, síndrome do saco aéreo e sepses. As quais possuem a capacidade de infectar humanos, causando lesões no epitélio intestinal, infecções urinárias e diarreia. Os passeriformes tem como padrão uma dieta granívora e frugívora, que lhes garante a competência da microbiota entérica para manter homeostase e balancear a ação de agentes patogênicos, como a E. coli, porém essa eficácia é anulada pelas condições da comercialização. Além do aumento da contaminação, é reconhecido o efeito na mutação desse agente em consequência do uso indiscriminado de medicação, elevando sua resistência antimicrobiana. Conclusão: Com o exposto conclui-se que o tráfico leva ao adoecimento, sofrimento e óbito das aves, desequilíbrio ecológico dos habitat que foram retirados e que podem ser inseridos, e problemas de saúde pública pelo adoecimento de seres humanos que entram em contato com animais infectados, principalmente por Escherichia coli.
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Souza, Samuel Pagoto de, and LUCIANO MENEZES FERREIRA. "PRINCIPAIS ZOONOSES DE INTERESSE NA MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA." In III Congresso Brasileiro de Estudos Epidemiológicos. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/epidemion2024/36064.
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Novak, Mikhail, and Alexandra Novak. "RUSSIAN FEDERATION PARASITIC ZOONOSES IN TERMS OF GLOBALIZATION." In Globalistics-2020: Global issues and the future of humankind. Interregional Social Organization for Assistance of Studying and Promotion the Scientific Heritage of N.D. Kondratieff / ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-89-92.
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The wide spread of parasitic zoonosis in the Russian Federation requires regular epidemiological and epizootic monitoring. Only relying on accurate data of the people morbidity rates, the peculiarities of the epidemic, epizootic process and their relationship, mapping of hotbeds of zooanthroponosis, the formation of social responsibility and a high cultural and educational level of the population, it becomes possible to implement a system of effective preventive, sanitary and recreational measures.
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Oliveira, Natally Costa, and ALEXANDRA SANCHES. "AGENTES INFECCIOSOS E PARASITÁRIOS CAUSADORES DE ZOONOSES NA REGIÃO DO ALTO PARANAPANEMA, SÃO PAULO- REVISÃO DE LITERATURA." In II Congresso Brasileiro de Biodiversidade Virtual. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e meio ambiente, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/ii-conbiv/5465.
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Introdução: O termo zoonoses refere-se a doenças ou infecções transmissíveis entre animais, que podem ser domésticos, exóticos ou silvestres e o homem. Tais doenças, causam impactos significativos não apenas voltados para a saúde pública, mas também para a conservação da fauna silvestre, principalmente quando as ações antrópicas geram a ampliação da cadeia de transmissão entre reservatórios e portadores de agentes etiológicos, gerando impactos sobre a biodiversidade, como a perda de espécies. Os focos de ocorrência estão atrelados a regiões menos desenvolvidas, com condições médico-sanitárias, econômicas e educacionais baixas Por esta razão, a região do Alto Paranapanema, localizada no sudoeste do estado de São Paulo, torna-se mais suscetível por apresentar tais características. Objetivo: Dessa forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar, por meio da revisão da literatura, os principais agentes transmissores encontrados na fauna silvestre que são potencialmente causadores da manutenção e propagação de zoonoses na região do Alto Paranapanema. Material e Métodos: A revisão da literatura foi realizada através da plataforma eletrônica “google acadêmico\" em duas etapas. A primeira, utilizando os descritores “Zoonoses” e “Alto Paranapanema” e a segunda utilizando “Zoonoses” juntamente com o nome de cada um dos 36 municípios que constituem a localidade de estudo. Resultados: De acordo com o levantamento realizado até o momento, 31% dos dados obtidos tratam-se das zoonoses em animais silvestres, os agentes Lyssavirus, Flavivírus e Toxoplasma spp. são os mais citados, sendo os quirópteros e primatas não humanos os indivíduos com mais destaque. Os dados sobre animais domésticos representam 47% da totalidade, sendo os agentes mais citados o Leptospira spp, Toxoplasma spp e Lyssavirus, nesse caso bovinos e cães são os que mais aparecem. Os demais trabalhos, tratam das duas categorias de forma conjunta ou analisam tais indivíduos de forma indireta. Conclusão: A crescente conversão de paisagem para a agricultura, fragmentação e perda de habitats, leva à aproximação dos humanos e animais silvestres, bem como destes com animais domésticos. Esse contato gera o aumento da disseminação de zoonoses, o que pode demonstrar a razão da convergência entre os agentes citados para ambas as categorias, visto que a localidade do estudo tem grande participação no mercado agrícola.
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Couto, Isabelle dos Santos Barreto, TEMÍSIA SILVA DE JESUS, ROBSON BAHIA CERQUEIRA, DYANDRA FERNANDES ROCHA BROTAS, and TAINÁ SILVA RIBEIRO. "SENSIBILIZAÇÃO SOBRE AS PRINCIPAIS ZOONOSES ATRÁVES DAS REDES SOCIAIS." In I Congresso Brasileiro On-line One Health. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/i-onehealth/8247.
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Oliveira, Vanessa Siqueira Batista de, MARIA GRAZIELLE ALEXANDRE SILVA RIBEIRO, GABRIELA CARVALHO DIAS DA FONSECA, LÍCIA MOREIRA DE QUEIROGA, and LETÍCIA CRISTINA RIBEIRO. "ZOONOSES: PRINCIPAIS FATORES DE RISCO QUE INFLUENCIAM SEU SURGIMENTO." In I Congresso Brasileiro On-line One Health. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/i-onehealth/8876.
Full textReports on the topic "Zoonoses"
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Dy, Cecilia. Policy Brief: Socioeconomic impacts of FMD at the household level in Cambodia. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/standz.2783.
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Funded by the Australian Government through the Stop Transboundary Animal Diseases and Zoonoses (STANDZ) Programme managed by the OIE SRR-SEA, the study was conducted by the Centre for Development Oriented Research in Agriculture and Livelihood Systems (CENTDOR) in 12 villages of Kampong Speu and Takeo provinces in September 2013.
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Edwards, Matthew. GI Zoonoses in Companion Pets of the Homeless: The Effects of Environment, Behavior and Veterinarians on the Prevalence of GI Parasites. Portland State University Library, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.247.
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Thanda Kyaw, Ai. Socio-Economic Impacts of Foot and Mouth Disease Among Cattle Farmers in Sagaing and Mandalay Areas, Myanmar. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), May 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/standz.2784.
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The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Sub-Regional Representation for South East Asia (OIE SRR-SEA) implemented the Stop Transboundary Animal Diseases and Zoonoses (STANDZ) Programme funded by AusAID to strengthen the veterinary services and effectively manage the control and eradication of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in Cambodia, Lao PDR and Myanmar. The purpose of the study is to understand how FMD outbreaks impact smallholder farmers, both men and women, at the household and village level and how control and eradication of FMD would benefit them. Specific aims are to estimate the direct and indirect socio-economic costs associated with the outbreaks of FMD as well as of the measures taken by farmers to deal with such outbreaks and to identify issues that contributed to the socio-economic impacts of FMD outbreaks and opportunities to reduce them.
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Bolis, Mónica. Legislación y Control de Riesgos de Salud en América Latina y el Caribe. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011857.
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Este estudio analiza la legislación en Latín América y el Caribe con el propósito de determinar en qué medida contribuyen, o no, a la eliminación de riesgos para la salud. Los países incluidos son: Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Dominicana, Trinidad y Tobago, Uruguay y Venezuela. La investigación se centró en las áreas de medicamentos, seguros privados de salud, certificación de profesionales y hospitales, contaminación ambiental, protección de alimentos, salud y seguridad ocupacionales, y bancos de sangre y servicios de transfusión. Para este estudio se investigó la legislación vigente hasta el 1 de abril de 2001 contenida en la base de datos LEYES, en varias bases de datos legislativas, nacionales y regionales y las bases de datos especializadas producidas da el Instituto Panamericano de Protección de Alimentos y Zoonoses (INPPAZ) y el Centro Panamericano de Ingeniería Sanitaria y Ciencias del Ambiente (CEPIS). Cada capítulo presenta una tabla que identifica los temas cubiertos y los vacíos que presentan las legislaciones de acuerdo con la información analizada.
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Fraser, Juliette, Michel Counott, and Ron Bergevoet. Behavioural drivers in farmer compliance for zoonotic threat prevention : A literature review looking at compliance in farmers through psychological theory, in the context of prevention of zoonoses outbreaks in the Dutch animal agriculture sector. Wageningen: Wageningen Economic Research, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/651919.
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Gordoncillo, Mary Joy N., Ronello C. Abila, and Gregorio Torres. The Contributions of STANDZ Initiative to Dog Rabies Elimination in South-East Asia. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/standz.2789.
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A Grant Agreement between the Government of Australia and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), the Stop Transboundary Animal Diseases and Zoonoses (STANDZ), initiative includes a rabies component with an overarching intended outcome of reducing dog rabies incidence in targeted areas. This initiative envisaged regional rabies activities in South-East Asia as well as specifically designed pilot projects in the Philippines, Myanmar and Cambodia. While remaining anchored to the envisioned outcome, its implementation from 2013 to 2016 also leveraged on the resources made available through the initiative to strategically generate tools, materials and examples that can potentially bridge long-standing gaps on dog rabies elimination in the region. This included developing approaches on rabies communication strategy, risk-based approach for the prioritization of mass dog vaccination, rabies case investigation, post-vaccination monitoring, building capacity through pilot vaccination projects, One Health operationalization at the grass-root level, and reinforcing high-level political support through regional and national rabies strategy development. These are briefly described in this paper and are also further detailed in a series of publications which individually document these approaches for future utility of the countries in the region, or wherever these may be deemed fitting. The STANDZ rabies initiative leaves behind a legacy of materials and mechanisms that can potentially contribute in strategically addressing rabies in the region and in achieving the global vision of eliminating dog-mediated human rabies by 2030.
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Hernáez, Bruno. Mpox (viruela del mono): una zoonosis que se volvió viral. Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18567/sebbmrev_219.202403.dc004.
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ISODA, N. Zoonosis and food safety – improving collaboration between animal and public health professionals to achieve a better outcome. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/tt.2988.
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Hernandez Arenas, Diana Paola. Parásitos en la salud pública. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/notas.6621.
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La parasitología, estudia la relación existente entre los organismos parásitos y sus huéspedes, pudiendo o no causar daños a su hospedador. Al igual que los parásitos, los sistemas de producción se desarrollan en un medio físico, biológico y social; y es en este último en donde suele influir de manera significativa para la salud pública de las regiones y poblaciones consolidándose como un factor importante en la presentación de enfermedades zoonóticas parasitarias y por ende causal del detrimento sanitario de las poblaciones que se ven afectadas. Por ello, la parasitología tomada desde el punto de vista de la salud pública, proporciona herramientas que permiten conocer y fortalecer la prevención y el control de los agentes parasitarios que afectan la población humana y animal debido a su carácter zoonótico, ayudando a reducir el impacto que ocasionan dichas zoonosis parasitarias en la salud pública; Sin embargo, es poco frecuente hallar bibliografía actualizada que logre demostrarlo claramente. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, la parasitología se instaura dentro del proceso académico de los estudiantes de Zootecnia como un eje encaminado a la comprensión no solo del ciclo de vida del parasito, sino también de las consecuencias que pueden traer para las explotaciones productivas y la población, por tanto, la presente nota de campus tiene como finalidad dar a conocer al estudiante las generalidades de las zoonosis vistas desde la salud pública, dando a conocer algunos aspectos concernientes con el impacto de la parasitología en esta, así como algunos de los parásitos zoonóticos más frecuentes. Inicialmente, se presenta el concepto de zoonosis parasitarias, los factores asociados a su transmisión y otros conceptos fundamentales que enmarca la temática, la cual se desglosa en cada uno de los capítulos que incluye el documento. Dicho contenido que puede ser usado como apoyo en el curso de Parasitología, el cual hace parte del componente disciplinar de la malla curricular de los programas de Zootecnia y Tecnología en Producción Animal.
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Petro Hernández, Victor Gerardo, Arianny Juliza Cotes Saucedo, Angélica María Paul Blanco, María Adelaida Acosta Usta, and Jenny Alexandra Portillo Paba. Parásitos gastrointestinales con potencial zoonótico en caninos con propietario que asisten a la clínica veterinaria UDES-Valledupar. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/ecapma.6914.
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Contextualización: Los parásitos gastrointestinales son comunes en perros y pueden representar un riesgo para la salud pública debido a la transmisión potencial a los humanos. Estos parásitos son un desafío en la medicina veterinaria debido a sus graves signos clínicos en perros infectados. Vacío de conocimiento: a partir de la necesidad de estudios continuos y diversificados en diferentes poblaciones caninas para comprender mejor la prevalencia de parásitos gastrointestinales y su impacto en la salud pública. Propósito: El propósito principal del estudio fue analizar la prevalencia de parásitos gastrointestinales zoonóticos en perros atendidos en una clínica veterinaria específica (UDES). El estudio busca identificar los parásitos presentes y su potencial para afectar la salud pública. Metodología: El estudio se llevó a cabo mediante un enfoque descriptivo de corte transversal que implicó la recopilación y análisis de muestras de heces caninas para determinar la presencia de parásitos. Las técnicas utilizadas se incluyeron en Excel y el programa SPSS. Resultados y Conclusiones: Los resultados mostraron una prevalencia del 38.2% de parásitos gastrointestinales en los perros estudiados, con un 30.9% de estos parásitos siendo potencialmente zoonóticos. Los nematodos, como Toxocara canis y Anquilostomas spp., fueron los más destacados en términos de zoonosis. Se destaca la necesidad de realizar más estudios, incluyendo diferentes poblaciones de perros, y se sugiere la implementación de enfoques One Health para abordar eficazmente el diagnóstico, tratamiento, control y prevención de estos parásitos.