Relevant bibliographies by topics / Zoo exhibits

Academic literature on the topic 'Zoo exhibits'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Zoo exhibits"

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WOURMS, EARK K. "Zoo exhibits and the role of zoo horticulture." International Zoo Yearbook 29, no. 1 (January 1989): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1090.1989.tb01077.x.

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WOURMS, EARK K. "Zoo exhibits and the role of zoo horticulture." International Zoo Yearbook 29, no. 1 (December 18, 2007): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1090.1990.tb03316.x.

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Shettel-Neuber, Joyce. "Secondand Third-Generation Zoo Exhibits." Environment and Behavior 20, no. 4 (July 1988): 452–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916588204005.

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Yılmaz, Serap, Tuğba Düzenli, and Abdullah Çiğdem. "Visitors Experiences in Different Zoo Exhibits." Current World Environment 12, no. 1 (April 25, 2017): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.12.1.03.

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Zoos help people to learn through exhibiting the relationships of animals in nature. Therefore, they have the important missions of education and protection of wild life. Most of these missions are achieved through visitors' experiences in exhibit areas. Therefore, it is important to understand visitors' experiences in the zoo and know the reasons that affect these experiences. Animals should exhibit normal behaviors actively to enable visitors to have positive experiences during their visits. For this reason, the design of exhibit areas is significant. The purpose of this study is to determine the visitors' perceptual descriptions in the zoos including different exhibit areas and their reasons to visit them. Thus, the role of the zoos in enabling visitors to learn nature protection and have environmental consciousness is explored correlating with zoo typologies. In this study, three zoos in different typologies in Turkey have been examined and it is conducted in two stages. In the first stage, the typologies of the zoos have been identified. In the second stage, a questionnaire has been conducted to find out the visitors' visiting aims, the extent they reached these aims, their level of appreciation and their perceptions on exhibit areas. The questionnaire has been performed with 450 zoo visitors, and there have been 150 visitors from each zoo. According to the results of this study, it has been explored that visitors visit the zoos mostly for "education" without considering the design approach. However, it has been found out that the design of exhibit areas affects visitors' level of appreciation and their zoo descriptions. It has been identified that as the level of appreciation increases, the level of reaching aims increases.
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Boyle, Sarah A., Nathan Berry, Jessica Cayton, Sarah Ferguson, Allesondra Gilgan, Adiha Khan, Hannah Lam, et al. "Widespread Behavioral Responses by Mammals and Fish to Zoo Visitors Highlight Differences between Individual Animals." Animals 10, no. 11 (November 13, 2020): 2108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10112108.

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The impact that humans have on zoo animals can vary based on the species of animal, exhibit design, and individual differences in behavioral responses. We independently analyzed data from 10 never-published studies that examined the impact of zoo visitors on zoo animal behavior. Of the 16 species studied, 90.9% of the mammal species and 60.0% of the fish species demonstrated a change in at least one behavior based on zoo visitor abundance or visitor behavior (e.g., noise, solicitation of interactions from zoo animals). In addition, behavioral changes associated with zoo visitors were present in animals housed in exhibits where there was direct contact with zoo visitors, as well as in exhibits where there was indirect contact and no direct contact. Individuals often varied in their behavioral responses, and some individuals appeared to seek out interactions with visitors. Our findings demonstrate that short-term research projects can provide valuable insight into individual animal-level and species-level responses to visitor abundance and visitor behavior in the zoo setting. We recommend that behavioral assessments focus on the analysis of behaviors of individual animals whenever possible, and we recommend that exhibits provide areas that allow for animals to retreat from the public view.
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Fontaine, Pierre A. "SMALL MAMMAL EXHIBITS AT DALLAS ZOO." International Zoo Yearbook 3, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1090.1962.tb03380.x.

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Klös, Heinz-Geotg. "AQUATIC EXHIBITS AT WEST BERLIN ZOO." International Zoo Yearbook 4, no. 1 (December 18, 2007): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1090.1963.tb03609.x.

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Speidel, George. "NEW LARGE MAMMAL EXHIBITS AT MILWAUKEE ZOO." International Zoo Yearbook 3, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1090.1962.tb03388.x.

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Polakowski, Kenneth J. "A design approach to zoological exhibits: The zoo as theater." Zoo Biology 8, S1 (1989): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zoo.1430080513.

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Earl, Samantha C., Lydia M. Hopper, and Stephen R. Ross. "Same Space, Different Species: The Influence of Exhibit Design on the Expression of Zoo-Housed Apes’ Species-Typical Retiring Behaviors." Animals 10, no. 5 (May 12, 2020): 836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10050836.

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Wild chimpanzees frequently make arboreal nests, while wild lowland gorillas typically nest on the ground. We aimed to understand whether zoo-housed apes’ use of elevated spaces for retiring similarly differed between species and across exhibits. Using a pre-planned exhibit switch at Lincoln Park Zoo (Chicago, USA), we compared where (elevated or terrestrial) two groups of apes (Pan troglodytes and Gorilla gorilla gorilla) performed retiring behaviors (inactive, sleeping, and nest-building behaviors). We studied a group of six chimpanzees and a group of four gorillas in two exhibits of similar size and configuration for two three-month periods (between 3 and 5 p.m.) before and after the groups switched exhibits. We predicted that chimpanzees would be more likely to retire in elevated locations compared to gorillas, irrespective of the exhibit. We found a significant effect of exhibit on where the apes retired but no effect of species, such that both species were more likely to retire in elevated locations in one exhibit but not the other. This suggests that the specific characteristics of the exhibits (e.g., number of visual barriers) influenced the expression of the apes’ retiring behaviors. These findings offer further insight in how exhibit design can influence the expression of natural behaviors in these species.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zoo exhibits"

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Kipp, Lorraine Susan. "The use of video technology to enhance zoo exhibits." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28769.

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Ridgway, Stephanie Clark. "Visitor behavior in zoo exhibits with underwater viewing: An evaluation of six exhibits in the western United States." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278753.

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The design of zoo and aquarium exhibits has a strong influence on visitor behavior in exhibit enclosures. Furthermore, zoo exhibits with underwater viewing draw large crowds. The intent of this study was to formulate significant design criteria, through post-occupancy evaluation, to be used for the design of successful underwater exhibits in zoos. This study was conducted to reveal factors significantly influencing viewing time and visitor behavior in zoo exhibits with underwater viewing. At four zoo facilities, 331 visitor groups were observed and asked to participate in a short survey at six zoo exhibits. Chi-square analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to evaluate observation and survey results. The size of the underwater viewing window, animal size, animal aquatic activity, presence of infant animals, visitor group type and crowding levels had a significant impact on visitor behavior. Recommendations for the future design of underwater zoo exhibits are discussed.
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Bennett, Nadya J. "The Use of Video in Zoo Exhibits to Convey Conservation Messages to Adult Visitors." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1253470896.

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Frede, David. "A tale of two zoos : a study in watching people watching animals." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3762.

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Zoological gardens, or zoos, keep and display wild animals, mainly for the purposes of education, conservation and biological research. However, it is evident that a significant component of zoos is the vast number of people who visit them, since without the support of visitors, zoos would not be financially viable and would cease to exist. This research investigates the behaviours of these visitors and develops an understanding of their awareness relating to what they see and do while they are in the zoo, along with their motivations for visiting. The study focuses on two major metropolitan zoos in Australia: Adelaide (in South Australia) and Taronga (in Sydney, New South Wales). A brief historical account contextualises changes, raising awareness of the significance of visitors to the livelihood of zoos. More and more zoos are integrating into their management routines different programmes that relate to the care and welfare of the animals. Despite recent growth in scientific attention, which has focused on human-animal relationships, little research has been conducted relating to the human visitor in the zoo. To date, decisions made by administrators have been based upon assumptions of the visitors’ understanding of the work of zoos rather than on actual quantitative findings. This empirical research is significant in that it uses both quantitative and qualitative methods to appraise factual data and information. The data from unobtrusive tracking observations at different exhibits, combined with the results of questionnaire surveys, are used to explore and assess the perceptions of visitors. In developing a demographic profile of the people who visit zoos, this work considers the motivations and the frequency of visitors. Various factors that influence the viewing patterns of visitors are explored to assess the popularity of exhibits, and the perceptions of visitors relating to animals and enclosures are investigated, to assess the diverse levels of satisfaction. Case studies explore the perceptions and understandings of visitors towards the use of enrichment items, the use of signs and labels, and a hypothetical approach to the feeding of carnivores in zoos. The results are important in that they contribute essential knowledge that describes the perceptions of a wide range of people who visit zoos, along with their expectations, since it is crucial for these institutions to maintain their popularity with the public.
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Frede, David. "A tale of two zoos : a study in watching people watching animals." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3762.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Zoological gardens, or zoos, keep and display wild animals, mainly for the purposes of education, conservation and biological research. However, it is evident that a significant component of zoos is the vast number of people who visit them, since without the support of visitors, zoos would not be financially viable and would cease to exist. This research investigates the behaviours of these visitors and develops an understanding of their awareness relating to what they see and do while they are in the zoo, along with their motivations for visiting. The study focuses on two major metropolitan zoos in Australia: Adelaide (in South Australia) and Taronga (in Sydney, New South Wales). A brief historical account contextualises changes, raising awareness of the significance of visitors to the livelihood of zoos. More and more zoos are integrating into their management routines different programmes that relate to the care and welfare of the animals. Despite recent growth in scientific attention, which has focused on human-animal relationships, little research has been conducted relating to the human visitor in the zoo. To date, decisions made by administrators have been based upon assumptions of the visitors’ understanding of the work of zoos rather than on actual quantitative findings. This empirical research is significant in that it uses both quantitative and qualitative methods to appraise factual data and information. The data from unobtrusive tracking observations at different exhibits, combined with the results of questionnaire surveys, are used to explore and assess the perceptions of visitors. In developing a demographic profile of the people who visit zoos, this work considers the motivations and the frequency of visitors. Various factors that influence the viewing patterns of visitors are explored to assess the popularity of exhibits, and the perceptions of visitors relating to animals and enclosures are investigated, to assess the diverse levels of satisfaction. Case studies explore the perceptions and understandings of visitors towards the use of enrichment items, the use of signs and labels, and a hypothetical approach to the feeding of carnivores in zoos. The results are important in that they contribute essential knowledge that describes the perceptions of a wide range of people who visit zoos, along with their expectations, since it is crucial for these institutions to maintain their popularity with the public.
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Plaatsman, Michelle. "Zoo exhibit design : the influence of animal visibility on visitor experience /." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09092008-063812/.

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Finlay, Theodore William. "The prediction of preference evaluations of zoo exhibits : a comparison of the informational and psychophysical theories of environmental preference." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28675.

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Tingey, Leigha. "Post-occupancy Evaluation at the Zoo: Behavioral and Hormonal Indicators of Welfare in Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus abelii)." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/901.

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An increased understanding of species-specific behavioral needs has lead zoos to focus on providing more naturalistic and stimulating environments. Scientific assessments of how changes in habitat affect animal behavior are necessary in improving overall animal welfare. This study examined the move of three orangutans housed at the Oregon Zoo into a new and innovative exhibit. Post-occupancy evaluation (POE), which offers systematic information regarding the success or failure of the built environment (Maple & Finlay, 1987), was utilized to effectively evaluate the results of the move. The collection of behavioral data and adrenal activity monitoring through collection of non-invasive saliva, urine and hair provided a comprehensive methodology for comparing changes in behavior and physiological functioning. Behavioral results showed that following the move to the new enclosure animals spent less time inactive, more time at higher elevations and utilized exhibit structures at a greater frequency. Hormonal results suggest that detection of cortisol in orangutan hair could be a useful tool for monitoring chronic stress.
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Smith, Zachary Joseph. "Mapping the Spatial Movements, Behaviors, and Interactions of Captive Orangutans using Terrestrial Laser Scanning and GIS." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5312.

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Five captive Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) were observed in order to better understand their spatial selection, behavior, and interaction with their environment and each other. A newly introduced adult male's interactions with a female group containing two adults, one adolescent, and one juvenile, was documented. Visual observations were performed to document individual behaviors, along with any interactions with silvery langur monkeys, public crowd levels, temperature, and enrichment props. Methods included 15 observation periods, 0.5-3 hours in length each, during which behaviors were verbally and visually confirmed using a HD video camera. Spatial locations of each individual were recorded every three minutes during each observation period. The orangutan enclosure was measured and mapped using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), and observed behaviors and spatial locations were georeferenced to the resulting 3D model depicting the exhibit. Results were summarized as time-activity budgets and were geo-visualized using 3D plots and density maps. This research demonstrated how the application of spatiotemporal and behavioral analysis coupled with TLS and three-dimensional modelling can be used to better study captive primates. These types of studies are important as zoos increasingly become home to great ape species.
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Holdgate, Matthew Robert. "Applying GPS and Accelerometers to the Study of African Savanna (Loxodonta africana) and Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) Welfare in Zoos." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2234.

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African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) and Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) are a focus of welfare research in zoos due to their high intelligence, complex social structure, and sheer size. Due to these challenges, some argue that zoos are inherently incapable of providing appropriate care for elephants, while others believe that zoos can fulfill the needs of these species with improved husbandry. There is a general consensus from both within and outside of zoos, however, that zoos must improve their elephant programs or cease exhibiting these animals altogether. Now more than ever, applied research on zoo elephant welfare is needed to provide context for this debate. Researchers are interested in how far zoo elephants walk due to the potential health and welfare benefits of walking in these highly mobile species. Zoo researchers recently adopted GPS technology to study elephant walking, and preliminary evidence suggests that African elephants in large zoo exhibits walk distances that correspond with wild elephants under non-extreme conditions. However, data are limited from Asian elephants and from elephants in more typically-sized exhibits. In Chapter Two, I discuss important methodological considerations of utilizing GPS in a zoo environment, including an introduction to the technology, sources of error and mitigation, methods to improve GPS performance, and possible effects of GPS device attachment on animal behavior. This review shows GPS performance is adequate for tracking zoo elephant walking when proper methodological techniques are applied, and should serve as a useful reference for zoo researchers considering using GPS. In Chapter Three, I used GPS anklets to measure outdoor daily walking distance in 56 adult female African (n = 33) and Asian (n = 23) elephants housed in 30 zoos. I collected 259 days of data and found that elephants walked an average of 5.34 km/day with no significant difference between species. Multivariate regression models predicted that elephants with more dynamic feeding regimens (more diverse feeding types and frequencies; unscheduled feeding times) will walk more. Distance walked was also predicted to be higher in elephants that spend time in a greater number of different social groups. Distance walked was predicted to decline with age. Finally, I found a significant negative correlation between distance walked and nighttime space experience. The results of the analysis suggest that zoos that want to increase walking in their elephants need not rely solely on larger exhibits, but can increase walking by adding quality and complexity to exhibits. However, my results failed to establish a definitive link between walking distance and other validated measures of elephant welfare. Thus, the direct health and welfare benefits of walking in zoo elephants remain unresolved. Resting behaviors are an essential component of animal welfare, but have received little attention in zoological research. In Chapter Four, I used accelerometers in anklets to complete the first large-scale multi-species investigation of zoo elephant recumbence. I collected 344 days of data from 72 adult female African (n = 44) and Asian (n = 28) elephants at 40 zoos. I found that African elephants are recumbent an average of 2.14 hours/day, which is significantly less than Asian elephants at 3.22 hours/day. Multivariate regression models predicted that African elephant recumbence increases when they experience more space at night, and Asian elephant recumbence increases when they spend time housed alone. Both species showed a similar response to substrate, such that African elephants spending time on all-hard substrates are predicted to be recumbent less, while Asian elephants spending time on all-soft substrates are predicted to be recumbent more. The discovery that occasional non-recumbence is a common behavior in zoo elephants also introduces a new area of research that may have important animal welfare consequences. Finally, this study established that zoos should continue their efforts to replace hard substrate with soft substrate in order to provide zoo elephants with environments that facilitate recumbence. Overall, this work assessed walking and recumbence in zoo elephants, which will allow zoos to gauge the prevalence of these behaviors in their elephants as compared to the sub-population studied here. A variety of factors that are associated with these behaviors were also identified. With this information, zoos can prioritize modifications to their facilities and animal management programs to create an environment that encourages zoo elephants to express walking and recumbence behavior, should they choose to do so. This work is one component of the Elephant Welfare Project, the largest zoo animal welfare project ever undertaken, and is unprecedented in both scope and scale. The project was funded by the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS), an independent, U.S., federal, grant-making agency that supports libraries, museums, and zoos. At the time of this writing, the first manuscripts from this project are being submitted to academic journals. These papers will describe the prevalence and distribution of a variety of elephant behaviors and welfare indicators, serve as a benchmark for future elephant welfare studies, and aid in decision making with regard to best practices in elephant management.
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Books on the topic "Zoo exhibits"

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L'exposition postcoloniale: Musées et zoos en Afrique de l'Ouest (Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso). Paris: L'Harmattan, 2014.

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Meuser, Natascha. Architektur und Zoologie: Quellentexte zur Zooarchitektur. Berlin: Dom Publishers, 2017.

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Cynthia, Vernon, Saunders Carol, and Kalina David, eds. Developing and promoting caring attitudes toward the natural world: Selections from the proceedings of a planning charrette, hosted by Brookfield Zoo and Minnesota Zoo, January 20-22, 1997. Brookfield, IL: Chicago Zoological Society, 1997.

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Die Schaulust am exotischen Tier: Studien zur Darstellung des zoologischen Gartens in der Malerei des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts. Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlag, 1999.

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inc, CLR Design. Woodland Park Zoo: Long-range physical development plan : development guidelines, non-exhibit recommendations and exhibit scenarios. [Seattle, Wash.]: Woodland Park Zoo, 2004.

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Gilles, Boetsch, ed. Zoos humains et exhibitions coloniales. Paris: Découverte, 2011.

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Nicolas, Bancel, ed. Zoos humains: Au temps des exhibitions humaines. Paris: Découverte, 2004.

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US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. Licensing and registration under the animal welfare act: Guidelines for dealers, exhibitors, transporters, and researchers. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1992.

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Gilles, Boetsch, ed. Exhibitions: L'invention du sauvage. [Arles]: Actes sud, 2011.

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Interpretive master planning: The essential planning guide for interpretive centers, parks, self-guided trails, historic sites, zoos, exhibits and programs. Tustin, Calif: Published and distributed by Acorn Naturalists, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Zoo exhibits"

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Rees, Paul A. "Zoo and exhibit design." In Key questions in zoo and aquarium studies: a study and revision guide, 21–43. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249002.0002.

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Rees, Paul A. "Aquariums and aquatic exhibits." In Key questions in zoo and aquarium studies: a study and revision guide, 44–58. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249002.0003.

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Patrick, Patricia G., and Sue Dale Tunnicliffe. "Exhibit Design." In Zoo Talk, 53–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4863-7_5.

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Dobson, John. "7. Fun, Fascination and Fear: Exploring the Construction and Consumption of Aquarium Shark Exhibits." In Zoos and Tourism, edited by Warwick Frost, 85–99. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781845411657-011.

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Rowe, Shawn, James F. Kisiel, Susan R. M. Rowe, Luisa Massarani, Rafael Velloso, Gabriela Reznik, and Tamara Galvan. "Family Talk at Live Animal Exhibits: From Biological to Ecological to Conservation Talk." In Zoos and Aquariums in the Public Mind, 145–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84942-9_10.

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"Zoo Exhibits." In Bio-Medical Telemetry. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/9780470544211.ch18.

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Kaandorp, Jacques. "Veterinary Challenges of Mixed Species Exhibits." In Fowler's Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine, 24–31. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4377-1986-4.00004-4.

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"Are We Exhibits in an Alien Zoo?" In Taxi from Another Planet, 119–31. Harvard University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2s0jf03.12.

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"9 Are We Exhibits in an Alien Zoo?" In Taxi from Another Planet, 119–32. Harvard University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4159/9780674279933-010.

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Miller, Mary. "Museums." In A Field Guide for Science Writers. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195174991.003.0050.

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Science writers at a museum, zoo, or aquarium are in a powerful position. We provide the first line of information that visitors receive about the place. The reading public comes eager to be inspired or entertained and maybe learn something about science and nature in the process. One of the most important jobs for a museum science writer is producing the text that accompanies exhibits. Exhibit writing was once the province of scientists or specialist curators, who felt no guilt about putting up dense technical prose for the visitor to either plod through or ignore. As long as the label didn't misidentify a dinosaur or a physical law of nature, all was well. Thankfully, the last 20 years have seen an evolution in museum exhibit writing. Curators and museum directors began to take pity on the visitor and started hiring professional writers to make the museum experience less mystifying. Museum developers have become aware they are not talking to themselves, but to an audience that might need some help understanding the physics exhibit, stuffed animal, or strange deep-sea jellyfish swimming in front of their eyes. It can be a challenge, especially at a museum like the Exploratorium, where successful interactive exhibits must be both operated and understood by the visitor. Few writers have so many functions to serve in so few words. A title and a tag line might call on the kinds of skills an advertising copywriter has, pulling people in before they know what they're going to be doing. Then a set of instructions helps a visitor build, experience, or do something that may or may not “work.” After that, you get to be a narrative science writer, explaining what just happened and why, translating, for instance, from the point of view of a biologist, physicist, or exhibit builder. Next, you might turn into a social commentator or a science historian, connecting the experience to the real world or pointing out the exhibit's historical significance. All in no more than 100 words, shorter than this paragraph. It's a tough job, but it can be rewarding when all the pieces come together.
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Conference papers on the topic "Zoo exhibits"

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J, Chandradass, Baskara Sethupathi P, and Ki Hyeon kim. "Self-Assembled ZnO Nanostructure by One Step Emulsion Combustion Synthesis." In International Conference on Advances in Design, Materials, Manufacturing and Surface Engineering for Mobility. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2020-28-0510.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Self- assembled ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by a simple, rapid and cost- effective emulsion combustion method. The synthesized ZnO nanostructures have a hexagonal wurtzite structure. TEM micrographs of the sample consisted of looped chains that were &lt;1 μm in length and consisted of 30-120 isometric 13-16 nm sized nanoparticles. The assembling of nanoparticles transforms from branched chain to linear network by increasing the molar concentration of oleic acid from 0.5 to 1.5. The linear network was &lt;700 nm in length and width varies from 15-35 nm respectively. The oleic acid bonding with ZnO was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The optical band gap (E<sub>g</sub>) of 3.34, 3.38 and 3.43 eV based on the absorption edge 371, 367 and 361 nm respectively. Magnetization study reveals that the ZnO sample exhibits diamagnetic behavior.</div></div>
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Masud, Md Abdulla Al, and Zoubeida Ounaies. "Dielectric Properties of Dielectrophoretically Aligned ZnO-PDMS Composites." In ASME 2016 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2016-9128.

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ZnO based polymer composite materials are of great interest because of their excellent electrical, optical, semiconductor and biocompatible properties. In this study, we synthesize anisotropic composites of aligned ZnO rods in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer and study their dielectric properties as a function of applied electric field and frequency. Submicron ZnO rods are synthesized using an inexpensive, high yield chemical route. Washed and purified ZnO rods are then aligned in uncured PDMS at different electric field and frequency. We find that under electric field, ZnO rotates with their long axis in the direction of the electric field and before coalescing form chains in the silicone elastomer. From the optical microscopy images and in situ dielectric measurements, the best alignment parameters are found at 4 kV/mm and 10 kHz. These conditions are then selected to prepare aligned ZnO-PDMS composites. Complete curing of composites is confirmed using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Our results show that aligned ZnO in uncured PDMS exhibit higher dielectric permittivity compared to random dispersion with the same composition. For the cured ZnO-PDMS composites, dielectric permittivity increases by 80% compared to random composites.
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Zhi-Zheng, Ye, and Tang Jin-Fa. "Transparent Conducting Indium-Doped ZnO Films by D.C. Reactive S-Gun Magnetron Sputtering*." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.1988.thd4.

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Transparent conducting coatings have found major applications in a number of electronic and opto-electronic devices. Among many transparent conducting coatings indium oxide films doped with tin (ITO) prepared by a number of deposition techniques have shown excellent performances in optical transparency and electrical conductivity. However, many efforts have been made to develop transparent conducting ZnO films since ZnO is a less expensive coating material than ITO. Zinc oxide thin films are transparent due to a wide band gap of about 3.2 ev, and exhibit conductivity due to a large free carrier concentration created by oxygen deficiency or intentional doping.
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Cabrera, Samuel, and Van P. Carey. "Exploration of ZnO Nanostructure Growth on Various Metal Substrates for Enhancement of Surface Wettability and Evaporation Processes." In ASME 2020 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2020 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2020 18th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2020-9114.

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Abstract Recent studies have indicated that ZnO superhydrophilic surfaces on copper and aluminum substrates enhance surface wettability and evaporation processes in droplet evaporation and pool boiling experiments. At slightly superheated surface temperatures, droplet evaporation on a nanoporous superhydrophilic surface exhibits onset of nucleation and nucleate boiling effects found in pool boiling processes. This study explores water droplet evaporation and quenching experiments conducted on nanostructured surfaces of a 45° downward facing pyramid copper, aluminum, and 304 stainless steel substrate. The nanostructured surfaces were used to conduct adiabatic droplet deposition, droplet evaporation, and quenching experiments. Through the three experiments and through surface characterization, by means of scanning electron microscopy, the underlying heat transfer performance and mechanism of droplet evaporation and pool boiling on various host metal substrates can be understood. The six surfaces tested were the following: bare copper, aluminum, and 304 stainless steel surfaces; and ZnO nanostructured surfaces on copper, aluminum, and 304 stainless steel. The experimental variables in this study were temperature and time. Through temperature and time measurements, the mean heat flux at varying superheats could be determined. Experimental results indicate the ZnO nanostructure enhances wettability and water evaporation on a variety of metal substrates. The presence of the ZnO nanostructure increases the mean heat flux and critical heat flux (CHF) in comparison to the bare metal surfaces. These results provide insight into the potential of enhancing spray cooling systems by growing a ZnO nanostructure on a heat exchanger fabricated of various metals.
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Mahmoud, Sawsan A., A. Abdel Aal, and Ahmed K. Aboul-Gheit. "Nanocrystalline ZnO Thin Film for Photocatalytic Purification of Water." In ASME 2008 2nd Multifunctional Nanocomposites and Nanomaterials International Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mn2008-47034.

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A thin film ZnO nanostructured catalyst exhibited a significantly greater superiority for the photodegradation of 2, 4, 6-TCP in water over photolysis via irradiation with UV of 254 nm wavelength. This ZnO photocatalyst was prepared via Zn metal evaporation and deposition on a glass sheet followed by calcination ature from 350 to 500 °C and the calcination time from 1 to 2h shows via SEM photography a decrease of ZnO nanoparticales sizes sheet followed by calcination (oxidation). Increasing the calcination temperature from 350 to 500 °C and the calcination time from 1 to 2h shows via SEM photography a decrease of ZnO nanoparticales sizes as well as the shape of their crystals finer needles, for which the crystallinity enhances as revealed by XRD. 2, 4, 6-Trichlorophenol was used as a model pollutant in water. Its photolysis using UV only or photocatalysis using UV irradiation in presence of the ZnO thin film catalyst indicated aromatic intermediates, which suffered of Cl by OH, addition of OH in a bare carbon in the aromatic ring, whereas in Photocatalysis deeper oxidation products, e.g., quinones and hydroquinones were also formed.
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Hijazi, Iyad, and Rui Xie. "Study of the Piezoelectric Properties of UV-Selective Optically Transparent Zn(O,S) Based Solar Cells." In ASME 2022 16th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2022 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2022-84373.

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Abstract Hybrid photovoltaic and piezoelectric structures can convert photons to electrical energy by using the photovoltaic part and mechanical energy to electrical energy by using the piezoelectric part, in the presence of rain, wind etc, where there is not enough sunlight for photo-conversion. To date, state-of-the art UV-selective solar cells are mainly based on the use of zinc oxide (ZnO) as the absorber material. ZnO presents high absorption coefficient (α(λ) &gt; 104 cm−1 for λ &lt; 390 nm) and a direct energy bandgap of 3.37 e V. By anion alloying ZnO with sulfur (S), it is possible to fabricate Zn(O,S) mixed crystals that present a bandgap energy bowing with a reported minimum value at 2.7 eV, presenting a more optimal spectral match with the UV region. These structures can be used to create UV-selective solar cells with high transparency in the visible region, that can be utilized in many applications including the development of nonintrusive building-integrated photo-voltaic (BIPV) elements as transparent solar windows and glass-based solar façades. In addition, ZnO and Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) have the ability to convert applied mechanical strain energy to harvestable electrical energy in nano/microdevice. The wurtzite ZnO and ZnS materials exhibit excellent piezoelectric property along the [0001] direction because of their non-centrosymmetric structure. Therefore, in this research we conducted molecular dynamic (MD) simulations on a selected UV-TPV Zn(O1–xSx) structures and reported their polarization and the piezoelectric constants and compared them to pure ZnO and ZnS structures. The MD results show that the polarization and piezoelectric constants values were all intermediate between those obtained for ZnO and ZnS bulk structures, indicating good piezoelectric properties for the Zn(O1–xSx) structures.
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Ma, Lili, Chengyu Cao, Amanda Young, and Naira Hovakimyan. "Motion Estimation via a Zoom Camera." In AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-7446.

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Ibrahim, Muna, Hemalatha Parangusan, Karthik Kannan, and Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni. "Corrosion Behavior of Epoxy/Zno-Nio Nanocomposite Coating on Steel Substrate." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0099.

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Corrosion is a very common natural phenomenon, which leads to huge losses especially in the building construction, turbines in the industries and several other fields. In this research we synthesized and developed new coating materials containing ZnO-NiO. The fabricated coating was characterized by using different techniques such as SEM, XRD etc. The efficiency of the coating against corrosion was examined using the Tafel experiments and it was observed that the fabricated coating exhibit excellent anti-corrosion under seawater.
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Abdul-kareem, Asma Abdulgader, Noura AlSanari, Amal Daifallah, Radwa Mohamed, Jolly Bhadra, Deepalekshmi Ponnamma, and Noora Al-Thani. "Piezoelectric Nanogenerators based on Pvdf-Hfp/Zno Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposites for Self-Powering Devices." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0054.

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Due to the rising global concern over energy catastrophe and environmental issues, attention has been diverted towards future energy. In recent times, rechargeable power and renewable energy sources have been considered as an attractive substitute for resolving the future environmental problems. Among them, mechanical energy is one of the most abundant energy sources, and easily transformable to other useful energy forms, such as electrical energy. For such purposes, piezoelectric materials with ability to convert the mechanical energy generated by various activities into electrical energy. In this research work, we have investigated the morphology, structure and piezoelectric performances of neat polyvinylidene fluoride hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP), PVDF-HFP/ZnO, PVDFHFP/ Mesoporous silica, PVDF-HFP 1% and PVDF-HFP 3% ZnO-Mesoporous silica nanofibers, fabricated by electrospinning. Both SEM and TEM images of ZnO nanoparticles shows formation of uniform flake of about 5nm diameter and Mesoporous silica shows uniform spherical morphology with average diameter of 5 μm. EDX plot justifies the presences of Zn, O and Si. An increase in the amount of crystalline β-phase of PVDF-HFP has been observed with the introduction of ZnO and mesoporous silica in the PVDF-HFP matrix are observed in FTIR spectra. All the XRD peaks observed in neat PVDF has the strongest intensity compared to rest of the other XRD peaks of polymer nanocomposite. The XRD spectra of all the nanocomposites have peaks at 17.8°, 18.6° correspond to α- crystalline phase, the peaks observed at 19°, 20.1° correspond to the γ- crystalline phase, and the peak at 20.6° corresponds to the β- crystalline phase. The flexible nanogenerator manipulated from the polymer nanocomposite with 1% ZnO-Mesoporous silica exhibits an output voltage as high as 2 V compared with the neat PVDF-HFP sample (~120 mV). These results indicate that the investigated nanocomposite is appropriate for fabricating various flexible and wearable self-powered electrical devices and systems.
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Koka, Aneesh, and Henry A. Sodano. "Energy Harvesting From Arrays of Long Barium Titanate Nanowires." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3297.

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In this paper, a piezoelectric nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) is fabricated using newly developed ultra-long (∼45μm) aligned barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanowire (NW) arrays that exhibit piezoelectric behavior for harvesting mechanical vibrational energy. The novel BaTiO3 NW NEMS is fabricated to have resonance at frequencies below 500 Hz for efficient energy harvesting since ambient mechanical vibrations typically exists in the 1 Hz to 1 kHz range. The maximum AC power harvested from the BaTiO3 NEMS is evaluated by impedance matching at resonant frequency. In addition, NEMS energy harvester comprised of seedless solution grown aligned ZnO NW arrays is also fabricated and direct vibration excitation experiments are performed to determine the peak AC power at optimal load resistor. Here, we clearly report the superior power harvesting capability from long ferroelectric BaTiO3 NW arrays than semiconducting ZnO NWs for the same electrode area when excited with the same sinusoidal base acceleration of 1g RMS at resonant frequency.
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