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MATHU, SHARON. "Essays in Macro-Finance." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/291152.
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Questa tesi contiene tre saggi di macroeconomia e finanza. Il capitolo 1 è un'indagine sulle tecniche utilizzate per risolvere economie di agenti eterogenei con attriti finanziari in tempo continuo. Il capitolo 2 studia l'impatto delle imprese zombi sull'economia. Il capitolo 3 esplora come l'impatto delle non banche sull'economia.This dissertation contains three essays in macroeconomics and finance. Chapter 1 is a survey of the techniques used to solve heterogeneous-agent economies with financial frictions in continuous time. Chapter 2 studies the impact of zombie firms on the economy. Chapter 3 explores how the impact of nonbanks on the economy.
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Dias, Marina Santos. "Determinants of zombie firms in the eurozone." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/23400.
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Mestrado Bolonha em FinançasEste trabalho pretende analisar os determinantes de empresas zombie. Empresas zombie são empresas que sobrevivem apesar de apresentarem resultados negativos continuamente. Este estudo utiliza uma definição principal (empresa deve ter mais de 10 anos e apresentar uma taxa de cobertura de juros inferior a 1 por três anos consecutivos) e uma definição alternativa (definição principal e apresentar um rácio Tobin’s q e um ROE inferior à média do sector, por três anos consecutivos). Empresas zombie representam um fenómeno negativo, pois resultam em efeitos negativos sobre a produtividade e crescimento de outras empresas. Assim, a questão principal é: “Quais são os determinantes de empresas zombie na Zona Euro?”. As conclusões poderão ajudar a identificar, prever e evitar empresas zombie. Concluímos que empresas zombie são frequentemente pequenas e médias empresas, com 40 anos e que laboram em Consumo, Indústria, Saúde e Tecnologia. A probabilidade de uma empresa ser zombie cresce com corrupção, rácio de dívida e intangíveis e decresce com competitividade, ROA e rácio de liquidez. Concluímos também que cerca de 11% e 5.5% das observações são empresas zombie, sob a definição principal e alternativa, respetivamente.
This paper aims to study zombie firms’ determinants. Zombie firms are firms who manage to survive although they keep reporting negative equity. This paper uses a primary zombie definition (firm over 10 years old with an ICR below 1 for three years in a row) and an alternative definition (primary definition and a Tobin’s q ratio and an ROE below-median within the sector, for three years in a row). Zombie firms are a negative phenomenon who result in negative effects on other firms’ productivity and growth. Thus, the research question is: “What are the determinants of zombie firms in the Eurozone?”. Conclusions can be used to identify, predict, and avoid zombie firms. We find that zombie firms are often SME, around 40 years old and mostly present in the Consumer Cyclicals, Industrials, Healthcare and Technology. The probability of a firm being a zombie grows with corruption, debt ratio and intangibles and decreases with competitiveness, current ratio, and ROA. We also find that zombie firms represent around 11% and 5.5% of our observations under the primary and alternative definitions, respectively.
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Olivieri, Jennevie A. "Generation Z (#Zombies)." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2015. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/162.
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Maye, Valerie Renee. "Reviving the Romantic and Gothic traditions in contemporary zombie fiction." Thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10255511.
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This paper combines concepts from Romantic and Gothic literature with ecocriticism in order to discuss eco-zombies in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein as well as the film, 28 Days Later and the texts that follow the film: the graphic novel, 28 Days Later: The Aftermath by Steve Niles, and the comic books series, 28 Days Later, by Michael Alan Nelson. Throughout this paper, nature, primarily through the eco-zombie interpretation of it, is read as a character in order to determine how much agency nature has over the human characters within the texts and film being discussed. The use Todorov’s narrative theory, in this paper, depicts the plots of these stories, specifically the changes to the lives of these characters and how they are affected by nature in various ways, to depict nature’s ever growing assertiveness over the humans that encounter it as well as how those humans attempt to overcome the disruptions that nature places on their sense of self. Both Frankenstein’s monster and the infected in 28 Days Later, when seen as eco-zombies, and therefore granting agency to nature, exert power of humans through physically affecting them as well as mentally.
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Limberg, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Fremderscheinungen : Der Zombie in Film, Literatur und Ethnologie / Sebastian Limberg." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1175444537/34.
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Sanna, Sandro <1989>. "Zombie firms in China: characteristics and effects on the economy." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17058.
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The phenomenon of zombie firms has been deeply analysed in the recent years, mostly regarding their involvement in Japan’s economic stagnation in the 1990s. Nowadays is becoming a reason for concern all around the world, but its causes, the actors involved and their effects on the economy may vary wildly from country to country. The aim of this work is to analyse the characteristics of this type of entities in Mainland China, the identification methodology and recent attempts in managing the phenomenon.
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Murphy, Kayleigh F. "(Un)dead Japan: A genre analysis of the Japanese zombie film." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/89741/4/Kayleigh_Murphy_Thesis.pdf.
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This study is an in-depth examination of the stylistic and generic characteristics of the Japanese zombie film and its relations to Japanese horror cinema and the conventions and tropes of Western zombie movies more generally. Through generic analysis of key Japanese zombie films released over the last 15 years, this study establishes the sub-genre's ties to transnational production practices and cult cinema. The first monograph length study of this kind, this study provides insight into the growing sub-genre of Japanese zombie films while concurrently broadening current scholarship and understanding of the zombie film genre.
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Montali, Margherita <1992>. "Zombie Economy in China: A research on Chinese firms’ financial statements." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/13285.
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With China’s economy growing at its slowest pace in 26 years, Chinese government has to deal with its huge, inefficient and indebted state-owned companies in order to reduce industrial overcapacity and make broader effort to restructure the economy.
As much as the 13% of the Chinese listed companies are considered to be “zombie enterprises”: companies that continue to operate even though they are insolvent or near bankruptcy. This phenomenon has its roots in the misallocation of resources and capital, issue that is becoming crucial in post-industrial China. This has the consequence of distorting competition, as privately held firms do not have access to such sources of debt and cannot keep pace with their competitors’ low prices.
My dissertation project is divided in two big section: the aim of the first one is to give an overview on the Chinese economy, analysing the China debt and the transition towards privatisation and a more market driven economy, in addition to a focus on the “zombie enterprises” phenomenon along with their distribution across regions, ownership and sectors. The second section focuses on the analysis and interpretation of Chinese zombie SOEs’ financial statement in order to underline possible trends and government interventions in the enterprises’ governance.
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Green, Jr Alan Edward. "the post- 9/11 aesthetic: repositioning the zombie film in the horror genre." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4798.
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This dissertation explores a body of films produced after the events of 9/11, and while examining this specific point of departure, the author presents the argument on the vast cultural relevancy of the omnipresent zombie. These films are interrogative and complex, offering the viewing audience a rich tapestry of interwoven meanings. Furthermore, the author suggests that the zombie trope has, in fact, left the genre altogether, reinserted into a style of films he labels as "non-zombie appropriation." Chapter 1 introduces the zombie genre as both part of the larger horror genre aesthetic and as its' own legitimate subgenre. The zombie has a rich cinematic history, going back more than seven decades; heretofore, the last decade continues to see an unabated release of the viewing world's favorite creature. Chapter 2 examines 28 Days Later and the sequel 28 Weeks Later as critical films functioning as works that refocus the zombie for the twenty-first century. As no serious discussion of filmic zombies can occur without the immeasurable significance of George A. Romero, chapter 3 concentrates on the auteur reclaiming a genre he helped to invent with his films Land of the Dead and Diary of the Dead. These two works show a director that refuses to rest on his laurels by encoding these films with rich post-9/11 concerns. In chapter 4, the examination of the disparate films Equilbruim and The Happening discuss the utilization of non-zombie appropriations, films with no discernible zombies, but for all intents and purpose, imitate that specific narrative. By way of conclusion, chapter 5 continues the non-zombie trope with the abstract (and indeed postmodern) They Came Back. The chapter ends with an augmentation of the framework and with other concerns for the argument. This dissertation should be of interest to both horror scholarship overall and zombie films in particular. It aims to provide a refined reading of a significant body of works and add to the current and critical legitimization to this important style of cinematic artistry.
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O'Donnell, Stephen. "The revenant signifier : the zombie in comics and cinema." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2015. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/f415dc63-7ab3-4772-a697-54aa922547e2.
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This thesis explores the zombie’s rise to prominence in popular culture, with a focus on its development within the comics medium. The zombie is not just a ‘floating signifier’ (according to Jerrold E. Hogle), but a revenant signifier, actively and aggressively linking with existing concepts, and transforming them. The thesis also considers both the zombie figure and zombie genre within the parameters of several media – comics, television, film, and literature. The medium of comics is examined in detail as it has evolved through the influence of the zombie just as the zombie has been reshaped by each new representation. In contemporary horror comics, The Walking Dead series is not just commercially successful, it exploits properties of the medium (including panel arrangement, transitions, repetition, and the liminal space within the gutter) to thoroughly explore the metaphors and allusions that have been associated with the zombie. I discuss these metaphors by charting the zombie’s development. A lack of pre-twentieth century literary texts featuring this creature frustrates easy comparison with the monsters of Gothic fiction. Rather than evolving within the novel form, as its rival horror icons have done, the zombie has maintained a visual and visceral identity, maturing with each new incarnation, and becoming ever more gruesome: the walking corpses of ancient texts; a symbol of eternal slavery within Haitian Voodoo folklore; and its modern interpretation as violent and virulent monster. The recent notion of a zombie plague has redefined the creature as a representation of modern fears, and has led to ‘zombie apocalypse’ becoming a commonly-used fantasy scenario. The zombie’s connection to apocalyptic literature is simultaneously ancient and contemporary, with the creature being a signifier of social disorder and disrupted identity. While the emphasis throughout is on the shifting relations between media, comics are the main focus of this study. The symbolism present in the zombie, and the political and cultural ideas stemming from its slow maturation are revealed within The Walking Dead and sustained through the functions of the comics medium. Through the application of Scott McCloud’s comics theory, the closure between panels and the transition within the gutter enhance these ideas, and provide further understanding of the zombie as depicted in comics. The visual/textual relationship within comics is compared with Jacques Lacan’s modalities of consciousness, and the psychoanalytic reading provided here explores the crises of identity within the zombie, and within the fragmented narrative of the comics medium. Alternative psychoanalytic readings, and the physiology/pathology of the zombie itself are undertaken, revealing the creature to be responsive to Julia Kristeva’s concept of the abject, and Slavoj Zizek’s postmodern reworking of Lacanian ideas. The thesis also returns to notions of the Gothic, haunted spaces, and the role of suburbia in the zombie narrative. This is augmented with a study of intertextuality and the “revenant” status of the zombie, and of comics. Through incorporating the critical theory of Kristeva, Mikhail Bakhtin, and Jacques Derrida, and by positioning in parallel comics theorist Thierry Groensteen’s concepts of braiding and arthrology, I emphasise the operations of the zombie figure in the comic book, and other media, asserting that the zombie is a revenant signifier continually returning and transforming, never resting, but endlessly cannibalising and reconstructing debate about identity, morality, and society.
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Morelock, Jeremiah. "Elements of Authoritarian Populism in Diseased Others Science Fiction." Thesis, Boston College, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108572.
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Thesis advisor: Stephen PfohlThis work addresses the globally urgent need to understand the social origins of the recent surge in authoritarian and populist social movements across Europe and the Americas. It analyzes how themes of tribalism, confidence in medical science, and confidence in military violence changed over the years in the retelling of stories in popular culture. The focus is I Am Legend and Day of the Dead – two series of American film remakes of popular science fiction stories that feature pandemic disease and the threat of what are here referred to as “Diseased Others” – the transformed, humanoid Others who have caught the disease. The qualitatively-driven approach exhibits an original methodological contribution to the discipline of sociology, offering several innovations via the coding schemes used and an adaptation of grounded theory for multiple sample sets of films. The data consulted include transcriptions of dialogue from films, reviews in popular news sources, interviews with cast and crew, box office data, and data from the General Social Survey. Within these examples of “Diseased Others” science fiction, themes of tribal morality and confidence in medical science and the military have followed a discernible trajectory. This trajectory is of narrowing moral scope toward loyalty to one’s own in opposition to outside groups, and embracing military violence as a positive solution to threats to the “normal” population. In general, medical science is also increasingly positioned as dangerous and blameworthy (even if also capable of positive intervention). This trajectory thus displays a heightening of what are identified for the present study as three “elements of authoritarian populism”: tribalism, distrust of rational institutions, and willingness to resort to violence
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2019
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Sociology
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Magalhães, Cloé Leal de. "How bank lending affects firms' lifecycle : a Markov chain approach." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19182.
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Mestrado em Econometria Aplicada e PrevisãoEsta dissertação analisa o impacto da concessão de crédito adicional a empresas não rentáveis sobre a sua probabilidade de se manterem não rentáveis, recuperarem para empresas rentáveis ou para saírem do mercado. Esta avaliação é efetuada através da estimação de um processo de Markov condicional à existência de crédito adicional, usando as estimativas do modelo logit multinomial. A aplicação deste modelo aos dados ao nível da empresa e do banco para Portugal entre 2011 e 2015 mostra que a concessão de crédito adicional teve um impacto positivo nas taxas de sobrevivência e recuperação das empresas não rentáveis, em contradição com alguma investigação recente sobre o tema.
This dissertation analyses how additional loans granted to non-profitable firms affect their probability to remain non-profitable, recover to profitable or exit the market. This assessment is carried out through the estimation of a Markov process conditional to the existence of additional bank loans, using the multinomial logit model estimates. Applying this model to Portuguese firm and bank level data from 2011 to 2015, the results point to a positive effect of additional bank loans over survival and recovery rates of non-profitable firms, contradicting some recent research on this topic.
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Baird, David. "Zeitgeist incarnate : a theological interpretation of postapocalyptic zombie fiction." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16978.
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This thesis attempts to take seriously the claims made by many postapocalyptic zombie narratives to represent the world as it truly is, analyzing and then assessing the theological value of their depictions of the human predicament. The approach is both formal and what Gary Wolfe calls transmedial, examining the recurring narrative structures and themes of texts across several media and eras as part of 'a popular aesthetic movement and not just a body of works of fiction on similar themes', with special attention given to the films and television of the new millennium. The aim is twofold: to extend the relevance of postapocalyptic zombie fictions beyond the relatively narrow vogue of a cultural moment, and to prompt a richer appreciation of the significance of the Christian faith within contemporary society. To this end, Chapter One contextualizes the complexity of these texts' relationship to Christianity by examining first the most prominent obstacles and then the implicit promise of these texts for theological reflection. It places special emphasis on the interior tension in many of these fictions between, on the one hand, aggressively emphasizing the apparent absence of the supernatural, while on the other, frequently claiming to disclose a dimension of human experience in excess of what can be ordinarily perceived by the senses. Chapters Two and Three extend this analysis to the complex content of what these stories depict. Chapter Two considers the multilayered symbolism of decline in their conspicuous spectacles of disaster, disintegration, and death. Chapter Three examines the countervailing symbolic motifs of residual integrity and regeneration that are exhibited most prominently by characters who attempt to live genuinely human lives in spite of these circumstances. The first half of the thesis concludes by proposing a composite postapocalyptic view of the human predicament, which represents the world as ambiguous, dramatic and quite possibly, although not certainly, absurd. Chapter Four begins the theological reflection upon this kind of postapocalyptic perspective, proposing how such depictions might be illuminated by Christian theological descriptions, particularly the absurd existential circumstances brought about by the original sin. Chapter Five, reciprocally, suggests some of the ways the dramatic images of these texts might enrich theological reflection by eliciting fresh insights into the significance of the central mysteries of Christianity, especially the paradoxical already-and-not-yet of eschatological expectation. The thesis concludes by offering a final evaluation of whether, all told, the world can be truly considered postapocalyptic from a Christian perspective, arguing that although there are significant differences, postapocalyptic fictions and Christianity put forward strikingly similar pictures of the deeply self-conflicted circumstances of the common human predicament.
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McKnight, Brent. "Hitchhiking Through the Fire." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1329.
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Ten years after the outbreak of an aggressive, fast-acting virus that kills then reanimates those infected, the world has become a bleak, hostile place. Water and food are scarce, valuable commodities, and survivors cluster together for safety in isolated enclaves where life is cheap and debauchery is king. In the middle of this grim hell-on-earth, Huxley, a young boy, lives with his idealistic father. When the father is killed, Huxley falls in with Bracken, a rugged gun-forhire, a desperado in every sense of the word. Against his instincts, Bracken is compelled to deliver Huxley to safety, all the while being pursued by a ruthless warlord of the wasteland. Through their association, Bracken discovers that he still has the capacity for feeling, emotion, and empathy, something he thought long dead.
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Pepin, Amélie. "Du mythe à la subversion trois manifestations de la figure du zombie filmique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5666.
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L'apparente pérennité de la figure du zombie, sa résurrection périodique à des moments charnières de l'histoire et son évolution suggère qu'elle pourrait jouer un rôle symbolique au sein de la société où elle prend forme. Le mandat de cette étude consiste donc d'abord à dresser un portrait du zombie contemporain en clarifiant la provenance ainsi que les origines du mythe et en prenant bien soin de définir les caractéristiques récurrentes du monstre à travers les époques et nations. Ensuite, il tient à étudier trois différents films provenant de trois différentes époques soient : White Zombie (1932) de Victor Halperin, Dawn of the Dead (1978) de George A. Romero et 28 Days Later (2002) de Danny Boyle et Alex Garland. Ces films sont analysés en fonction de l'attitude du zombie, de ses caractéristiques, des motivations apparentes, de son pouvoir et impact sur la population. En somme, l'objectif vise ici à établir un portrait de la figure du zombie au cinéma, à donner un aperçu de son évolution, et à déterminer la nature du rôle, qu'il semble exercer sur la société représentée où il sévit.
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Nilsson, Tom, and Carl Fristedt. "Land of the dead : Mer än bara zombies." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för studier av samhällsutveckling och kultur, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-78464.
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Vår uppsats kommer beröra Zombies på film och fokusera på filmen Land of the Dead. Många människor upplever zombies som inget mer än monster, en fara för karaktärerna att klara sig undan. Vi vill uppmärksamma att all populärkultur i varierande utsträckning gestaltar verklighet, och analysera hur Zombies används för att gestalta aspekter av vårt samhälle.
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Rhee, Soue-Won. "L'autre visible dans l'oeuvre de Jacques Tourneur de 1942 à 1948." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030043.
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Les films de Tourneur sont mentionnés d'ordinaire en rapport avec le hors-champ. Cette perspective accentue surtout l'invisibilité de l'objet terrifiant. Or, le sentiment de l'invisible dû à l'intérêt du cinéaste au surnaturel persiste aussi dans le champ, nourrissant le potentiel de l'autre visible. L'autre visible chez Tourneur provient de l'ascèse du visuel et du sonore, remarquable dans des moments de terreur du genre fantastique mais aussi plus généralement dès que le fantastique cinématographique devient sensible. Cette étude cherche à saisir, à travers l'analyse détaillée des passages précis, le chant second du réel, miracle propre au cinéma, d'où émane le temps spectral d'une autre visibilité. Cette étude porte sur l'oeuvre de Tourneur de 1942 à 1948, notamment sur la trilogie produite par Lewton. Elle prend en compte l'environnement du tournage de la série B et l'effet engendré par le dispositif même. Un réalisme fondé sur le fantastique pourrait émerger à la fin de ce parcoursTourneur's films are mentionned usually in relation with the off. This view focuses on the invisibility of the terrifying object. Yet the sense of the invisible, due to the director's interest in the supernatural, persists also in the frame, intensifing the potential of the other visible. The other visible in Tourneur's works come from the abstinence of the visual and the auditory, especially notable in moments of terror in the genre of fantastique but also more generally when the cinematographic fantasticality becomes perceptible. A detailed analysis of the extracts strives to catch the second song of the real, a unique miracle of the cinema, from which the spectral time of an athor visibility emerges. This study examines Tourneur's works from 1942 to 1948, especially the fantastique trilogy produced by Lewton. It takes into consideration the filming environment of B movies and the cinema's own effect. This journey leads to the possibility of a realism based on the fantastique
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Hurst, Stephanie Louise. "The Susceptibility of the Circumpolar North to Zombie Wildfire : An Exploratory Case Study of Sweden." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Miljövetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45577.
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Climate change is warming the North and exposing its immense carbon stores not only to wildfire disturbances, but overwintering, or zombie, fire. These remnants of summer fires can spend months smouldering under the surface, hidden under the protection of layers of snow, burning through immense amounts of carbon, which is then released into the atmosphere, further exacerbating climate change. In order to prevent these potential megafires, areas that are prone to their occurrence need to be identified so that detection and management protocols can be put into place. Using a GIS approach, this paper attempts to identify any areas in the northern circumpolar country of Sweden that are currently susceptible to zombie fire and any that might be susceptible in 2050 using a RCP8.5 scenario projection. Based on spatial and climatic variables, the results found 88 km2 of land that is currently susceptible, 20.19 km2 of which is most prone due to mild winter and spring conditions. In the 2050 projection, most regions were found to have a decrease in susceptibility due to warmer winters reducing snow coverage. However, three counties in the north were found to have an increased susceptibility due to the earlier arrival of spring. Climate projections still contain uncertainties and how the annual precipitation of Sweden will be affected by climate change varies greatly between models, which naturally effects the likelihood of future wildfires, and ensuing zombie fires. There is a need for more research surrounding zombie fires, particularly with regards to snow depth and coverage and how this affects the mechanisms of smouldering combustion and smouldering to flaming transition. This paper is an example of how regions can be assessed for hazardous events if they have some spatial and temporal predictability.Klimatförändringarna värmer upp Norden och utsätter dess enorma kolsänkor inte bara för skogsbrandstörningar utan också för övervintrande (eller zombie-) bränder. Dessa gamla sommarbränder kan spendera månader under ytan, gömda under skydd av snötäcke, brännande enorma mängder kol, som sedan släpps ut i atmosfären, vilket ytterligare förvärrar klimatförändringarna. För att förhindra dessa potentiella megaeldar (eng. megafires) måste områden med benägenhet för dess inträffande identifieras så att detektions- och hanteringsprotokoll kan införas. Med hjälp av ett GIS-tillvägagångssätt försöker denna uppsats att identifiera alla områden i Sverige som för närvarande är i riskzonen för zombiebränder och alla områden som kan vara i riskzonen 2050 med hjälp av en RCP8.5-scenarioprojektion. Baserat på rumsliga och klimatvariabler fann resultaten att 88 km2 mark för närvarandet är i riskzonen, varav 20,19 km2 är mest benägen på grund av milda vinter- och vårväder. I 2050-projiceringen visade sig de flesta regioner ha en minskad risk på grund av varmare vintrar som minskade snötäckningen. Men tre län i norr hade en ökad risk på grund av vårens tidigare ankomst. Klimatprognoser innehåller fortfarande osäkerheter och hur den årliga nederbörden i Sverige kommer att påverkas av klimatförändringen varierar kraftigt mellan olika modeller, vilket naturligtvis påverkar sannolikheten för framtida skogsbränder och således zombiebränder. Det finns ett behov av mer forskning kring zombiebränder, särskilt med avseende på snödjup och täckning och hur detta påverkar mekanismerna för pyrande förbränning och pyrande-till-flammande-övergång. Denna uppsats är ett exempel på hur regioner kan utvärderas för faror om de har viss rumslig och tidsmässig förutsägbarhet.
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Wagenheim, Christopher Paul. "From Night to Dawn: The Cultural Criticism of George A. Romero." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3823.
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Analyzing George A. Romero's Night of the Living Dead (1968) and Dawn of the Dead (1978) in relation to the early works of Marshal McLuhan, Erich Fromm, and Herbert Marcuse reveals an ideological parallel that can be explicated using Antonio Gramsci's theory of cultural hegemony. While McLuhan, Marcuse, and Fromm observe, in order to critique, social manifestations of power in a consumerist system, Romero presents a model of hegemony in his films that he exposes to extreme stress thereby allowing viewers to observe such manifestations of power for themselves. These analyses are significant because although Marcuse, McLuhan, Fromm, and Romero present congruous ideologies, scholars of Dawn of the Dead and Night of the Living Dead have failed to recognize cultural hegemony as the source of the psychosocial criticism within each film.
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Swenson, Sean Michael. "Masculinity, After the Apocalypse: Gendered Heroics in Modern Survivalist Cinema." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5136.
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Emerging out of a tradition of dystopic and apocalyptic cinema, the survivalist film has arisen as a new subgenre owing to a collision of several divergent modes of cinema. While the scholarly discourse has been preoccupied largely with the task of setting up the parameters of this new cinematic line little attention has been paid to unraveling what the new modes of masculine performance within the films mean in the post-9/11 moment in which they have emerged. This paper looks at the ways in which the gendered heroics on the screen are indebted to the slasher and zombie subgenres in offering alternatives to performing and reclaiming masculinity in the modern survivalist film. Looking towards the collapse of society within these films and the historical preoccupation with these film's ancestral sources at moments when masculinity is threatened in new ways, I argue that when society collapses on the screen so too collapses the character's understanding of "proper" gender performance as well as the audiences expectations of appropriate response to this subversion. I find that survivalist films offer a new mode for exploring gender through the ways in which masculinity is performed, received, and reclaimed. Owing largely to the meeting of horror subgenres within these films masculinity can be encountered by the audience in a way that has until now not been possible for the spectator, presenting an opportunity to reevaluate how we recognize and regulate expectations of gender both on and off screen.
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Doyle, Kelly Ann. "Zombification versus reification at the end of the world : exploring the limits of the human via the posthuman zombie in contemporary horror film." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54832.
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The zombie figure is ubiquitous in contemporary horror film—particularly in the United States—and has prompted me to explore why zombie films have regained popularity post-9/11, why the zombie has become a figure in flux, evolving from slow to fast, from un-dead to living, and from decaying to mutating body, and finally, to explore the practical use of an allegory of the zombie at the end of the world. My fascination with horror film has bloomed into an analysis of the ways in which the zombie figure in film troubles and in part reifies the human figure delineated by classical humanism and anthropocentrism; how posthumanism serves as a critical lens through which the zombie figure not only threatens ontology, but also the ideological constructs of speciesism, racism, and sexism that depend upon the fantasy figure of the human to justify dehumanization and atrocities. Zombie films’ apocalyptic narratives warn of ecological crisis, of over-consumption, of ends that are always near yet always deferred. They are intertextual, historically and politically resonant, and draw particularly though not singularly on America-centric fear and trauma. It is particularly significant as a genre when one considers the 9/11 attacks as a benchmark. Extant criticism has focused on examining the political and cultural critiques of American society in George A. Romero’s canonical films, and others, to conclude that “they” are “us”. Moreover, it often suggests that zombies provide a background against which humans reach their full potential—re-endorsing humanism and anthropocentrism—or alternatively, they highlight essential flaws and the aggressive, ‘animalistic’ nature of humans. By contrast, I argue that these films do more than mediate terror; they profoundly affect political life since 9/11 by insisting that posthumanism must be addressed if we are to understand the ways in which the human subject is mapped and remapped by such events.Graduate Studies, College of (Okanagan)
Graduate
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Lindholm, Anne. "Evolution of the Dead : Stil, social funktion och realism i modern zombiefilm." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Humanities, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2613.
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Inledning
The horror of the zombie movie comes from recognizing the human in the monster; the terror of the zombie movie comes from knowing there is nothing to do about it but destroy what is left; the fun comes from watching the genre continue to develop. Although zombies are technically dead, their cinematic genre is a living, breathing entity that continues to grow and evolve.
Citatet taget ur Kyle Bishops artikel ”Raising the dead” öppnar upp för en intressant diskussion angående utvecklingen av zombiefilm. De flesta i en skräckfilmspublik kan på ett fåtal sekunder med säkerhet peka ut en zombie på vita duken. Även filmad i long shots och i extreme long shots kan till och med den åskådare som är relativt ny för genren känna igen zombien. De tydliga rörelsemönstren med långsamma släpande steg och ryckiga rörelser tillhör förväntningarna kring hur zombies ska bete sig, men ser zombien verkligen ut så idag? Om en publik förväntar sig se dessa stildrag när de bänkar sig för att titta på en zombiefilm gjord under 2000-talet är det vad de möter? Visst kan man ännu se grunden till dessa manér även i zombies av idag men dock med ett flertal modifieringar. Den klassiska bleka sminkningen tillsammans med ett lika klassiskt rörelsemönster som sedan Night of the Living Dead (George A. Romero, 1968) har definierat zombien inom filmens värld befinner sig i en ständig transformation. Denna uppsats kommer att granska film och litteratur i ett försök att bena ut de olika stilistiska och sociala förändringar som zombien genomgått från 1968 fram till idag.
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McDougald, Melanie. "Where I am, There (Sh)it will be: Queer Presence in Post Modern Horror Films." unrestricted, 2009. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07162009-154006/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2009.Title from file title page. Margaret Mills Harper, committee chair; Calvin Thomas, Mary Hocks, committee members. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 14, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-48); filmography (p. 49-51).
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Hedström, Julia. "La marche des morts-vivants : une sociologie praxéologique de la médiation critique." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30008/document.
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En remontant à la genèse de la réception de La Nuit des Morts-vivants (Romero, 1968) dans la presse américaine entre 1967-1971, la présente recherche vise à élucider sa trajectoire médiatique et, ce faisant, montrer le caractère progressif de sa consolidation en tant que film culte, œuvre d’art et phénomène digne d’intérêt public. L’investigation cherche ainsi à comprendre comment un film qualifié d’« orgie sadique » par sa première critique nationale dans le magazine Variety devient digne d’une projection au Musée d’Art Moderne à New York et donne naissance à de nombreuses interprétations, lancées en 1970 par sa critique européenne. La Nuit sera compris comme un reflet métaphorique à peine déguisé des conflits internes (tensions raciales, l’affaiblissement du patriarcat traditionnel) et externes (guerre du Vietnam) traversés par la société américaine. Au-delà l’immédiateté de ses images violentes de cannibalisme, son contenu sera jugé comme socialement subversif. Au final, ce petit film d’horreur produit par une équipe d’inconnus de Pittsburgh deviendra partie intégrale du patrimoine culturel des États-Unis et donc de la mémoire nationale. C’est dire que le travail des critiques fait bien davantage que d’informer une communauté de lecteurs, spectateurs, auditeurs, au sujet d’une nouvelle sortie culturelle. La tâche journalistique consistant à informer des publics anonymes est également une opération de médiation. En présentant La Nuit des Morts-vivants comme un miroir de la société, les critiques font de l’imaginaire une source de réflexion sur le vivre ensemble. Ce faisant, ils permettent à une collectivité nationale d’une société démocratique caractérisée par la communication de masse de se donner à voir à elle-même et d’avoir prise sur son passé et ses propres actionsThe present research follows George A. Romero’s Night of the Living Dead’s reception in the American press between 1967 and 1971. The analysis of the film’s media career shows how it progressively becomes consolidated as a public phenomenon, cult film and a work of art. The aim of the investigation is to understand by what means a film qualified by its first national review in Variety as an “orgy of sadism” becomes worthy of projection at New York’s Museum of Modern Art and the object of numerous interpretations, initiated by European critics in 1970. Night will be interpreted as a barely disguised metaphor of interior and exterior conflicts that shook the United States in the late Sixties (racial tensions, weakening of the traditional patriarchy, Vietnam War). Beyond the immediacy of its violent imagery of cannibalism, its content will be seen as socially and politically subversive. In the end, this little horror film made by some Pittsburgh-based amateurs will be integrated into United States’ cultural heritage, i.e. the national memory. This indicates that (film) critics do more than just inform their readership about new cultural releases. A journalist’s job consisting of spreading information to anonymous audiences is also an operation of mediation. By presenting Night of the Living Dead as a mirror of the American society, the critics take up the imaginary as a source for reflection on the commonly shared world. By doing so, they enable a national collectivity of a democratic society characterized by mass communication to see itself and to have control on its own history and actions
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Osterhold, Christian. "Should we fear the walking dead? The role of zombie firms for productivity developments in Portugal." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/32317.
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Productivity growth is slowing down among OECD countries. A recent strand of literature
focuses on the role of unviable firms, so-called “zombie firms”, to explain the slowdown.
Using comprehensive firm-level data, we find that by being unproductive and by obstructing
the rest of the economy through resource misallocation, zombie firms stifle firm performance
in Portugal. This is a precarious finding as the share of zombie firms in Portugal has
risen steadily from 2008 to 2013, exceeding the OECD average. Furthermore, we show that
recent structural reforms in Portugal have potentiated the exit of zombie firms by reducing
policy-induced exit barriers.
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Pita, João Afonso Pereira. "Fear the walking dead: the epidemic of zombie firms in Portugal." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/64963.
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Dissertação de mestrado em EconomicsThis study explores firms called “zombies” in the Portuguese economy. These firms are defined as old firms and have persistent problems in paying interest on bank loans and sidetrack labor productivity from healthy companies. The theme of zombie firms has been analyzed from the case of Japan in the 1990s to the most recent on OECD countries (i.e. Portugal). Several authors have studied this theme, the most well-known being Caballero et al. (2008). First the idea of Caballero et. al (2008) being applied, then the simplified formula of McGowan et al. (2018) was used to compute the regression. The present study shows that, between 2010 and 2018, in the Portuguese economy we had zombie firms following a less restricted and a more restricted analysis. In the first, on average, during the years of analysis we have about 12.8% while in the second this number decreases to 7.4%. In the less restrictive analysis, firms need to be, at least, 10 years old to remove bias using newest firms (for example start-ups) and the interest coverage rate is less than 1 per cent. for at least 3 consecutive years. In the more restrictive, it has been implemented to previous financial ratios such as: Return on Assets and the total debt ratio. It was also confirmed by using Ordinary Least Squares, Fixed Effects and Random Effects models, as well as a Probit model, that zombie companies tend to be related to specific sectors of the economy, certain areas of the country and their size (number of employees). These zombie companies have significant implications for healthy companies operating in the same industry, reducing employment and profit margin.
Este estudo explora as empresas denominadas “zombies” na economia portuguesa. Estas empresas são definidas sendo empresas antigas e que tem problemas persistentes em pagar os juros de empréstimos bancários e desviam a produtividade do trabalho de empresas saudáveis. O tema das empresas zombies já foi analisado desde o caso do Japão na década de 90 até aos mais recentes sobre países da OCDE (nomeadamente Portugal). Vários autores estudaram este tema sendo o mais conhecido Caballero et al. (2008). Primeiro foi usado a ideia de Caballero et al. (2008) sendo aplicada a fórmula simplificada de McGowan et al. (2018). O presente estudo mostra que, entre 2010 e 2018, na economia portuguesa temos empresas zombies seguindo uma análise menos restrita e outra mais restrita. Na primeira, em média, durante os anos de analise temos cerca de 12.8% enquanto que na segunda este número diminui para 7.4%. Na análise menos restrita foi somente tomado em consideração o facto de a empresa ter, pelo menos, 10 anos de idade para remover da análise as novas empresas (start-ups, por exemplo) e a taxa de cobertura dos juros ser inferior a 1 por, pelo menos, 3 anos consecutivos. Na mais restrita, foi implementado a anteriores rácios financeiros tais como: o retorno sobre o Ativo e o rácio total da divida. Foi também confirmado recorrendo aos modelos Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários, Efeitos fixos e Efeitos aleatórios e, ainda, um modelo Probit, que as empresas zombies tendem a estar relacionados com setores específicos da economia, com certas zonas do país e o seu tamanho (número de empregados). Estas empresas zombies tem implicações significativas nas empresas saudáveis a operar no mesmo setor, reduzindo o emprego e a margem de lucro.
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Lopes, Joana Raquel Simões. "The Walking Dead: An analysis of the role of different creditors in zombie firms in Portugal." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/94701.
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Trabalho de Projeto do Mestrado em Economia apresentado à Faculdade de EconomiaO fenómeno das empresas zombie tem sido amplamente estudado, mas apenas na perspetiva em que o financiamento é proveniente da banca. O caso do Japão foi particularmente investigado na sua estagnação macroeconómica dos anos noventa. Empresas zombie são caracterizadas pela sua frágil situação financeira, incapazes de se suportarem autonomamente.As empresas zombie têm efeito negativo nas empresas saudáveis, comprovados por diversos autores ao longo do tempo. Estas empresas afetam negativamente a produtividade dos setores, reduzem o investimento e também são responsáveis por criarem barreiras à entrada a empresas que querem entrar no mercado. Porém, as investigações existentes baseiam-se apenas no financiamento bancário. A estas empresas são associados juros baixos, na esperança delas se recuperarem.Este estudo explora a hipótese de as empresas zombie serem financiadas por outros credores, particularmente o caso dos fornecedores, entre 2010 e 2017. Na ausência de investigações focadas neste objeto de estudo, será relevante realizá-lo, pois há indícios de que a prevalência de empresas zombie por via dos fornecedores seja considerável.Foram encontradas evidências sobre o financiamento de fornecedores a estas empresas, reforçando a literatura com o facto de as empresas zombie afetarem negativamente as empresas não-zombie no mercado. Os resultados revelam ainda que os fornecedores, ao contrário do setor bancário, tem menos probabilidade de suportar uma empresa zombie, levando a mesma à falência mais facilmente. O facto de a estrutura as dívidas serem diferentes, entre dívida bancária e dívida a fornecedores, não podemos compará-las de forma exata. Mas podemos afirmar que as empresas zombie são suportadas pelos fornecedores num número significativo.
The zombie firm’s phenomenon has been widely studied, but only from the perspective of financing that comes from banks. The Japanese case was particularly investigated regarding its macroeconomic stagnation in the 1990s. Zombie firms are characterized by their fragile financial situation, unable to support themselves freely.Zombie firms harm healthy firms, which, thought the years, it been proven by numerous authors. These firms negatively affect the productivity of the sectors, reduce investment, and are also responsible for creating barriers of entry for firms that want to join the market. However, current investigations base their work only on bank financing. Low-interest rates are associated with these firms in hopes that they will recover.The hypothesis explored for this study will be if zombie firms were financed by other creditors, particularly by suppliers, between 2010 and 2017. In the absence of investigations that focus on this object of study, it will be relevant to carry it out, as there are indications that the prevalence of zombie firms via suppliers is considerable.By reinforcing the literature with the fact that zombie firms negatively affect non-zombie firms in the market, evidence was found on financing suppliers to these firms. The results further reveal that suppliers, unlike the banking sector, are less likely to endure a zombie firm, leading to bankruptcy more easily. We can't compare bank debt and debt to suppliers, because these two concepts belong to a different debt structure and, therefore, we can't associate them with one another. What we can say is that suppliers support zombie firms, in a significant number.
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Lipciuc, Lucian Cristian. "The rise of zombie firms and the slow recovery of the portuguese economy." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/65775.
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Dissertação de mestrado em EconomicsThe slowdown in the economic growth of developed countries, the last financial crisis and the slow economic recovery have raised a lot of controversy as population is gradually more educated and technological innovations are getting each time faster. Thus, the study of zombie firms and their impact on the Portuguese economy is extremely important because of the link between these three major problems. This paper aims to determine the main causes of the appearance, fixation and increase of this type of firms in Portugal; its evolution and importance in the Portuguese business structure and the effects on healthy companies and the economy in general at different levels. The results demonstrate two important things: i) the zombie firms represent a congestion of market resources (mainly labor and capital), harming the other companies in the economy on both levels; ii) the higher the zombie share in a given industry, the greater will be the difference in productivity between the most dynamic companies and the laggards. That is worrisome because as the multi-factor productivity (MFP) gap increases, the greater is be the competition in the industry, and the harder it will be for new companies to enter in the market and replace the zombie ones. This is one of the barriers to enter in the market caused by the congestion of zombie firms and may be related to a slower recovery of the Portuguese economy after the financial crisis.
A desaceleração do crescimento económico dos países desenvolvidos, a última crise financeira e a lenta recuperação económica geraram muita polémica, uma vez que a população é gradualmente mais instruída e as inovações tecnológicas são cada vez mais rápidas. Assim, o estudo das empresas zombie e o seu impacto na economia portuguesa é extremamente importante devido ao vínculo entre esses três problemas principais. Este trabalho pretende determinar as principais causas do aparecimento, fixação e aumento deste tipo de empresas em Portugal; a sua evolução e importância na estrutura empresarial portuguesa e os efeitos nas empresas saudáveis e na economia em geral a vários níveis. Os resultados demonstram duas coisas importantes: i) as empresas zombie representam um congestionamento de recursos de mercado (principalmente tabalho e capital), prejudicando as outras empresas da economia nos dois níveis e levando a uma forte emigração da população ativa portuguesa; ii) quanto maior a percentagem de zombies em um determinado setor, maior será a diferença de produtividade entre as empresas mais dinâmicas e as empresas com fraco desempenho. Esse resultado é preocupante, uma vez que à medida que aumenta a diferença de MFP, maior é a concorrência no setor e mais difícil será a entrada de novas empresas no mercado e a substituição de zombies. Esse é um dos obstáculos à entrada no mercado causados pelo congestionamento das empresas zombies e pode estar relacionado a uma recuperação mais lenta da economia portuguesa após a crise financeira.
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Alves, Beatriz Maria da Cruz Ferreira. "Empresas Zombie em Portugal: Análise da incidência à luz do regime de insolvência." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/90052.
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Trabalho de Projeto do Mestrado em Economia apresentado à Faculdade de EconomiaNa última década, as atenções da comunidade científica têm tomado como foco o prolongamento da vida das empresas Zombie como fenómeno que tem vindo a contribuir para a desaceleração da produtividade das economias europeias. A elevada incidência destas empresas tem-se mostrado uma barreira à alocação eficaz de recursos, bem como, ao investimento das empresas com maior lucro. Tal desfecho advém dos efeitos caraterísticos do fenómeno Zombie: sclerosis e scrambling - situação na qual, respetivamente, as empresas não sobrevivem sem os empréstimos concedidos pelos bancos e o congestionamento de empresas ineficientes que impede a entrada de empresas jovens, inovadoras e mais produtivas.Os diferentes modelos de Regime de Insolvência têm sido apontados como uma possível barreira à saída e/ou à restruturação destas empresas das economias. Consequentemente, têm surgido as primeiras investigações que tentam analisar esta possível relação. Assim, o que se pretende com este Trabalho de Projeto é perceber a influência do regime de insolvência na mobilidade das empresas Zombie na economia portuguesa, analisando em detalhe as sucessivas alterações que foram tendo lugar no Regime de Insolvência em Portugal, bem como, o regime vigente na atualidade e concretizando esta pesquisa com análise de uma base de dados constituída por todas as empresas em Portugal para o período temporal de 2004 a 2016.Após a análise de resultados, constatou-se que existe uma influência do regime de insolvência na saída e na restruturação das empresas Zombie, o que acarreta uma urgência na criação de políticas públicas de ação conjunta, chamando todas as áreas de intervenção, para que se possam apresentar soluções objetivas e concretizáveis para esta temática que já é por muitos apelidada de “Japonização da economia europeia”.
In the last decade, the attention of the scientific community has focused on extending the life of Zombie firms as a phenomenon that has contributed to the slowdown in productivity in European economies. The high incidence of these companies has been a barrier to the efficient allocation of resources as well as to the investment of the companies with greater profit. Such an outcome stems from the characteristic effects of the Zombie phenomenon: sclerosis and scrambling - a situation in which, respectively, businesses do not survive without the loans granted by banks and the congestion of inefficient firms that prevents the entry of young, innovative and more productive enterprises.The different models of Insolvency Regime have been pointed out as a possible barrier to the exit and / or restructuring of these companies from the economies. Consequently, the first investigations that have tried to analyze this possible relationship have appeared. The intention of this Project Work is to understand the influence of the insolvency regime on the mobility of Zombie firms in the Portuguese economy, analyzing in detail the successive changes that were taking place in the Insolvency Regime in Portugal, as well as the regime currently in force and carrying out this research with analysis of a database made up of all companies in Portugal for the period from 2004 to 2016.After analyzing results, it was verified that there is an influence of the insolvency regime on the exit and restructuring of Zombie firms, which entails an urgency in the creation of public policies of joint action, calling all the intervention areas, so that can present objective and practical solutions to this issue, which is already called "Japonization of the European economy" by many.
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Hemmings, Jonathan Michael. "Dead reckoning : an analysis of George Romero's 'Living dead' series in relation to contemporary theories of film genre and representations of race, class, culture and violence." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/302.
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This thesis is an in-depth analysis of George Romero's 'Living Dead' tetralogy of films, comprising Night of the Living Dead (1968), Dawn ofthe-Bead (1978), Day of the Dead(\985) and Land of the Dead (2005), examined through the lensf of contemporary film genre theory. The project focuses specifically on issues of the representation of race, class, culture and violence in the four films, and how these representations, along with the concomitant social critique evident in Romero's work, change in response to the upheavals and developments which have occurred in the American social, cultural and political climate over the past four decades. It also focuses on how Romero's films respond to changes in the horror genre, and how Romero both structures his films on the binary oppositions which are central to the genre and deconstructs these oppositions, and the implications that this deconstruction (most notably that of the figure of the zombie, which occupies a zone of constantly shifting liminality between the human and the monstrous) has in relation to Romero's socio-cultural and political commentary implicit in the films.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2008