Academic literature on the topic 'Zn fertilizers'
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Journal articles on the topic "Zn fertilizers"
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Wang, Shuzhuan, Lei Xu, and Mingde Hao. "Impacts of Long-Term Micronutrient Fertilizer Application on Soil Properties and Micronutrient Availability." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 16358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316358.
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Deficiencies of micronutrients in calcareous soils have been reported in different areas of China’s Loess Plateau. The objective of this research was to study the influence of the continuous application of micronutrient fertilizers on soil properties and micronutrient availability in this region. The micronutrient fertilizer field plot experiment began in 1984. It included Zn, Mn and Cu fertilizer treatments and the control treatment. The crop system was continuously cropped winter wheat. The soil properties and available Zn, Mn, Cu and Fe were measured. Their relationships were analyzed through correlation and path analysis. After 31 years, the soil pH, CaCO3 and available P levels decreased; in contrast, the organic matter, fulvic acid, reducing substances and soil moisture levels in the surface soil increased in the micronutrient fertilized treatments compared to the control treatment. Cu and Zn fertilizers promoted the available Cu and Zn levels in the surface and deep soil, but available Mn was not significantly affected by Mn fertilizer. It can be seen from the interaction between the micronutrient availability and micronutrient fertilizers that Zn, Cu and Mn fertilizers can increase the available Fe level; Mn fertilizer can increase the available Cu level, and Cu and Mn fertilizers can increase the available Zn level. This means that Fe, Cu and Zn availability were easy to implement, whereas the soil-available Mn was difficult to improve in calcareous soils on the Loess Plateau. Fulvic acid and organic matter showed a significant and direct effect on the available Zn; the available Mn and Fe were mainly affected by the soil CaCO3 and moisture; the available Cu was mainly affected by the soil organic matter, available P and reducing substances. These results indicate the importance of organic matter in calcareous soils; it can not only directly affect the availability of micronutrients but also indirectly affect their availability through the indirect interaction with fulvic acid, reducing substances, available P and CaCO3. The above conclusions suggest that the long-term micronutrient fertilizers changed some important soil properties and increased the micronutrient availability in the loess-derived soil.
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Modaihsh, A. S., A. E. Abdallah, and A. S. Mashhady. "Micronutrients as Impurities of Inorganic Fertilizers Marketed in Saudi Arabia." Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences [JAMS] 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2000): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jams.vol5iss2pp91-95.
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Inorganic fertilizers with major nutrients are likely to be contaminated with some micronutrients. Fertilizers, utilized in Saudi Arabia, were analyzed for their total and water-soluble content of Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu. They represented three categories namely: phosphatic, solid multiple nutrient fertilizers (SMNF) and water-soluble multiple nutrient fertilizers (WSMF). Total iron content in examined fertilizers was higher in phosphatic fertilizers and lower in WSMF. Nevertheless, only a very small portion of the total iron content is likely to be available to plants. It was estimated, on the basis of total content, that almost 2 g of iron would be applied to soil for each added kg of phosphatic fertilizer. The highest total content of Zn was recorded for phosphatic fertilizers. The data suggested that less than half kg of Zn would be accumulated in soil if 500 kg of phosphatic fertilizers were applied in one year. This value however, fell dramatically, to one fourth of the value, when only the available forms of Zn were considered. Fertilizer content of manganese and copper were lower than both Fe and Zn. Micronutrient impurities present in inorganic fertilizers might not have an immediate influence on plant nutrition due to their lower solubility.
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Fu, Xing-Zheng, Fei Xing, Li Cao, Chang-Pin Chun, Li-Li Ling, Cai-Lun Jiang, and Liang-Zhi Peng. "Effects of Foliar Application of Various Zinc Fertilizers with Organosilicone on Correcting Citrus Zinc Deficiency." HortScience 51, no. 4 (April 2016): 422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.51.4.422.
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To compare the effects of various zinc (Zn) foliar fertilizers on correcting citrus Zn deficiency and to explore an effective correcting method, three common Zn fertilizers, Zn sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO4.7H2O), Zn chloride (ZnCl2), and Zn nitrate hexahydrate [Zn(NO3)2.6H2O], were selected to spray the Zn-deficient citrus leaves, tested at different concentrations, with or without organosilicone surfactant. Zn content, chlorophyll levels, and photosynthesis characteristics of leaves were analyzed. Leaf Zn content was significantly increased with increase of the sprayed Zn concentration of the three Zn fertilizers. However, when the sprayed Zn concentration of ZnSO4.7H2O exceeded 200 mg·L−1, and Zn concentration of ZnCl2 or Zn(NO3)2.6H2O exceeded 100 mg·L−1, obvious necrotic spots formed on leaves. This necrosis disappeared when 0.025% organosilicone was added to the three Zn fertilizer solutions, even at a Zn concentration of 250 mg·L−1. Meanwhile, the Zn contents of leaves increased one to four times for these treatments. Furthermore, foliar application of the three Zn fertilizers significantly improved chlorophyll levels and photosynthetic capacity of Zn-deficient leaves. The data of chlorophyll and photosynthesis characteristics indicate that the correcting effect of ZnCl2 and Zn(NO3)2.6H2O is better than that of ZnSO4.7H2O, and could be further improved via supplement of organosilicone. In conclusion, ZnCl2 or Zn(NO3)2.6H2O containing 250 mg·L−1 of Zn and supplemented with 0.025% organosilicone is a safe and effective formulation of Zn foliar fertilizer for correcting citrus Zn deficiency.
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Sajwan, K. S., and W. L. Lindsay. "Response of flooded rice to various sources of zinc." Journal of Agricultural Science 111, no. 1 (August 1988): 197–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600083039.
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Zinc deficiency has been one of the major micronutrient disorders of flooded rice. Several researchers have reported that Zn deficiency could be corrected by the application of various Zn fertilizers to soil (Mikkelsen & Brandon, 1975), to seedling root (Yoshida et al. 1970; Katyal & Ponnamperuma, 1975) or to plants as foliar spray. Also there has been much speculation about the most suitable form of Zn fertilizer for correcting Zn deficiency of flooded rice. A glasshouse study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of various Zn fertilizers for rice grown under flooded conditions.
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Islam, GMM, M. Hossain, SMA Iqbal, and MRA Mollah. "Assessment of Quality Status of Zinc Sulfate (hepta hydrate) Fertilizers Available in the Markets of Jessore Sadar Upazila." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 8, no. 1 (August 24, 2015): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v8i1.24674.
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An experiment was conducted in the Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during January to December, 2012 to see the quality status of Zinc Sulfate (hepta hydrate) fertilizers available in the markets of Jessore sadar upazila. For this purposes Zinc Sulfate (hepta hydrate) fertilizer samples were randomly collected from all union of the upazila. Fifteen unions and a pourashava in this upazila were included the experiment. Three composite samples were collected from each of the unions. Therefore, 48 composite samples were ready for 16 unions including pourashava. In this study 79% Zinc Sulfate (heptahydrate) fertilizer was adulterated and 21% was qualified according to government specification. 40% of them were ten to fifty percent of required Zn content and 2% of them were same level of S content. Only 21% of total fertilizers contained hundred percent of required Zn. Whereas, 96% fertilizers contained the same level of required S and only four percent of the fertilizers was found as sulfur deficient. The highest nutrient value of S and Zn were 17.75% and 23.03% respectively. On the other hand, the lowest value of them was 5.2% and 1.30%. Further 27% of them contained above eighty percent of required Zn. No unique relation between sulfur and zinc content of those fertilizers was found.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 69-71 2015
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Tóth, Brigitta, Makoena Joyce Moloi, Seyed Mohammad Nasir Mousavi, Árpád Illés, Csaba Bojtor, Lóránt Szőke, and János Nagy. "The Evaluation of the Effects of Zn, and Amino Acid-Containing Foliar Fertilizers on the Physiological and Biochemical Responses of a Hungarian Fodder Corn Hybrid." Agronomy 12, no. 7 (June 25, 2022): 1523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071523.
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The benefit of applying foliar fertilizers is that crops can uptake them faster than soil fertilizers. The aim of this study was to test and valuate the effects of one zinc (Zn) and two amino acids-containing (AS) foliar fertilizers on a fodder corn hybrid’s physiological and biochemical processes. The experiment was conducted in field conditions. The following parameters of a fodder maize hybrid were measured one, two, three, four, five, and six weeks after the treatments (WAT): physiological (relative chlorophyll content and the effectiveness of PSII); biochemical (activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD); ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD); the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA); and proline. The yield increased by 10%, 6%, and 10% at Zn, Zn+AS1, and Zn+AS2 treatments. The yield parameters, such as grain/cob and ear weight, were also significantly higher under the applied three treatments relative to the control. The relative chlorophyll content was significantly higher one, two, and four weeks after Zn-treatment, and some changes were also observed when Zn and amino acid-containing fertilizer were applied in combination. The latter sampling did not show any notable changes. In addition, the activity of SOD increased when Zn-containing fertilizer was applied, although the effect of AS-containing fertilizer did not show. There was a correlation between the SOD activity and some of the yield parameters. The increasing SOD activity indicated a higher yield (t/ha) and a higher cob weight.
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Recena, Ramiro, Ana M. García-López, and Antonio Delgado. "Zinc Uptake by Plants as Affected by Fertilization with Zn Sulfate, Phosphorus Availability, and Soil Properties." Agronomy 11, no. 2 (February 22, 2021): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020390.
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Zinc (Zn) deficiency constrains crop yield and quality, but soil factors influencing Zn availability to plants and reactions of applied Zn fertilizer are not fully understood. This work is aimed at studying Zn availability in soil and the use efficiency of Zn fertilizers by plants as affected by soil properties and particularly by soil available P. We performed a pot experiment involving four consecutive crops fertilized with Zn sulfate using 36 soils. The cumulative Zn uptake and dry matter yield in the four crops increased with increased initial diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid extraction of Zn (DTPA-Zn) (R2 = 0.75 and R2 = 0.61; p < 0.001). The initial DTPA-Zn increased with increased Olsen P (R2 = 0.41; p < 0.001) and with increased ratio of Fe in poorly crystalline to Fe in crystalline oxides (R2 = 0.58; p < 0.001). DTPA-Zn decreased with increased cumulative Zn uptake, but not in soils with DTPA-Zn < 0.5 mg kg−1. Overall, the available Zn is more relevant in explaining Zn uptake by plants than applied Zn sulfate. However, in Zn-deficient soils, Zn fertilizer explained most of the Zn uptake by crops. Poorly crystalline Fe oxides and P availability exerted a positive role on Zn availability to plants in soil.
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Sadiq, Maqsood, Usama Mazhar, Ghulam Abbas Shah, Zeshan Hassan, Zahid Iqbal, Imran Mahmood, Fahad Masoud Wattoo, et al. "Zinc Plus Biopolymer Coating Slows Nitrogen Release, Decreases Ammonia Volatilization from Urea and Improves Sunflower Productivity." Polymers 13, no. 18 (September 18, 2021): 3170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13183170.
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Currently, the global agriculture productivity is heavily relied on the use of chemical fertilizers. However, the low nutrient utilization efficiency (NUE) is the main obstacle for attaining higher crop productivity and reducing nutrients losses from these fertilizers to the environment. Coating fertilizer with micronutrients and biopolymer can offer an opportunity to overcome these fertilizers associated problems. Here, we coated urea with zinc sulphate (ZnS) and ZnS plus molasses (ZnSM) to control its N release, decrease the ammonia (NH3) volatilization and improve N utilization efficiency by sunflower. Morphological analysis confirmed a uniform coating layer formation of both formulations on urea granules. A slow release of N from ZnS and ZnSM was observed in water. After soil application, ZnSM decreased the NH3 emission by 38% compared to uncoated urea. Most of the soil parameters did not differ between ZnS and uncoated urea treatment. Microbial biomass N and Zn in ZnSM were 125 and 107% higher than uncoated urea, respectively. Soil mineral N in ZnSM was 21% higher than uncoated urea. Such controlled nutrient availability in the soil resulted in higher sunflower grain yield (53%), N (80%) and Zn (126%) uptakes from ZnSM than uncoated fertilizer. Hence, coating biopolymer with Zn on urea did not only increase the sunflower yield and N utilization efficiency but also meet the micronutrient Zn demand of sunflower. Therefore, coating urea with Zn plus biopolymer is recommended to fertilizer production companies for improving NUE, crop yield and reducing urea N losses to the environment in addition to fulfil crop micronutrient demand.
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Kurešová, Gabriela, Ladislav Menšík, Jan Haberle, Pavel Svoboda, and Ivana Raimanova. "Influence of foliar micronutrients fertilization on nutritional status of apple trees." Plant, Soil and Environment 65, No. 6 (June 19, 2019): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/196/2019-pse.
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The effect of leaf-applied fertilizers on nutritional status and yields of apple cv. Rubinola grown on two soil types (Luvisol, Cambisol) differing in yield levels was studied in a three-year experiment at the orchard in Vanovice, Czech Republic. Two fertilizers, A (containing N, Mg, Ca, B and Zn) and B (N, B, Zn, Mn and Fe) were applied after blooming, leaves and fruit were analyzed. Zn and B concentrations increased significantly in leaves and fruit in both soils after the application of solution A compared to the control. Foliar fertilizer B increased the concentration of Zn and Mn significantly both in leaves and fruit compared to the control. The content of Mn in dry leaf matter increased almost 4 times (from the control level about 30 mg/kg), of B up to 1.5 times (from 28 mg/kg) and the content of Zn even more than 10 times (from 15 mg/kg). The application of foliar fertilizers was more efficient in the Cambisol orchard section with worse soil conditions; however, the enhanced nutritional status did not significantly increase fruit yields in either of the experimental soil types.
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Wewa atia Al-juthery, Hayyawi, and Sahar Fadhil saadoun. "Fertilizer Use Efficiency of nano fertilizers of micronutrients foliar application on Jerusalem artichoke." Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Agriculture Sciences (QJAS) (P-ISSN: 2077-5822 , E-ISSN: 2617-1479) 9, no. 1 (March 7, 2019): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33794/qjas.vol9.iss1.74.
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field experiment was carried out in one of the fields of plot 158 district 41 Husseiniya, township of Taliaa, Babylon Governorate, to study fertilizer use efficiency of nano fertilizers micronutrients foliar application on Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.).The experiment included 17 treatments of spraying the nano-fertilizes micronutrients of nano iron 13% Fe ,nano zinc 20% Zn, nano copper 15% Cu and nano manganese 18% Mn, single spray, dual, triple and quadruple combinations, as well as a quadratic combination of a traditional source as well as the treatment of water-only control. In nutrients content in arial parts and tubers, nutrients uptake, total uptake ,FUE,MNUE. RCBD design with three replicates, and the solutions were sprayed early in the morning after 60 days of planting and at 25, 50, 75 and 100 g fertilizer 100 L-1 Water for to spray the first, second, third and fourth respectively, and according to the recommendation by 1 kg Naon fertilizers h-1, and another 400 liters of spray solution h-1.The results of the duncan test showed a probability level of 0.05 The superiority of the single spray treatments followed by the treatment of nano (Zn+Cu+Fe+Mn) in micronutrients content of arial parts and tubers of zinc, copper, iron, manganese and total uptake, While achieved the nutrient use efficiency of nano-zinc, nano-copper, nano-iron and nano-manganese (93.10, 85.00, 99.00 and 85.50%) sequentially. For individual spray treatments and (91.60, 81.30, 91.85, and 83.40%) sequentially for the treatment of nano spray common quartet (Zn + Cu + Fe + Mn).
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zn fertilizers"
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Wang, Guangyao (Sam), Michael Ottman, and Rufus L. Chaney. "Effects of Zn fertilizer on cadmium accumulation in durum wheat." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/211139.
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Proposed reduction in maximum allowable cadmium (Cd) level in wheat grain from 0.2 to 0.15 ppm by European Union (EU) could affect Arizona wheat growers substantially. The possible breeding programs and management practices needs to be developed to keep the industry competitive for this major market. In this study, we used two durum wheat cultivars (Ocotillo representing higher Cd genotypes and Havasu representing lower Cd genotypes) to study the potential of Zn fertilizer (as ZnSO₄ and ground tire rubber) to reduce Cd uptake in durum wheat at Yuma Ag Center. While cadmium level in the two varieties were different significantly, applying ZnSO₄ or ground rubber did not affect grain cadmium level, grain yield, or protein content significantly.
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Milani, Narges. "Zinc oxide nanoparticles in the soil environment : dissolution, speciation, retention and bioavailability." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/82374.
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Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have unique physical and chemical characteristics which deviate from larger particles of the same material, due to their extremely small size, higher specific surface area and surface reactivity. The peculiar properties of ZnO NPs could potentially improve zinc (Zn) fertilizers for sustainable agriculture. This is based on the assumption that ZnO NPs provide a more soluble and bioavailable source of Zn in soil compared to micron- or millimetre- sized (bulk) ZnO particles currently used for Zn fertilizers in Zn deficient soils. However, a thorough understanding of the fate and reactions in soils and interactions of nanoparticles with plants of ZnO NPs is required prior to the recommendation for use of these novel materials. Therefore, there is a need to investigate dissolution, diffusion, transformation, partitioning and availability of manufactured ZnO NPs in soil to ensure safer and more sustainable application of ZnO NPs as a new source of Zn fertilisers for plants, and better management of their potential risks. Given inclusion of Zn in macronutrient fertilizers is the common procedure for their field application, ZnO NPs and bulk ZnO were coated onto macronutrient fertilizers (monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and urea) and dissolution kinetics, diffusion and solid phase speciation of Zn from coated fertilizers were evaluated. Coating of ZnO on macronutrient fertilizers significantly affected solubility and dissolution kinetics of the ZnO sources, but nano-sized ZnO did not show any enhanced solubility over bulk ZnO. The low pH value of ZnO-coated MAP granules resulted in greater and faster dissolution of ZnO compared to ZnO-coated urea granules. However, interactions of ZnO particles with phosphate in MAP granules likely resulted in precipitation of Zn-phosphate species. The high pH and ionic strength of the dissolving solution resultant from hydrolysis of urea likely promoted aggregation of any ZnO NPs released from coated urea granules and also hindered dissolution of ZnO. To evaluate changes in Zn speciation with coating of the ZnO sources and after incorporation of the coated-fertilizers into an alkaline calcareous soil, synchrotron-based micro X-ray absorption fine structure (μ-XAFS) method was used. The findings confirmed precipitation of Zn-phosphate species at the surface of MAP fertilizer granules irrespective of the size of ZnO particles used for coating. For coated urea, the Zn remained as ZnO species for both nano-sized and bulk ZnO coatings. Solid phase speciation in the fertilized soil varied with distance from the point of fertilizer application. Significant amounts of Zn(OH)₂ and ZnCO₃ species were identified in the soil some distance from coated urea and MAP, respectively, indicating dissolution/precipitation processes were active. Moreover, limited and comparable diffusion of Zn from coated fertilizers with nanoparticulate or bulk ZnO into soil was observed using micro x-ray fluorescence mapping (μ-XRF). Transformation of Zn at the surface of MAP granules, mass flow of water towards the hygroscopic fertilizer granules or strong aggregation of ZnO nanoparticles released from urea granules could have been the mechanisms which restricted Zn diffusion. Given that coating of ZnO on macronutrient fertilizers markedly reduced Zn solubility, reactions of ZnO NPs and bulk ZnO in soil were studied when applied as the pure oxides. Availability of Zn for durum wheat (Triticum durum) plants from nanoparticulate and bulk sources of ZnO was evaluated in an acidic and an alkaline soil using an isotopic dilution procedure (L value). Significant dissolution and plant acquisition of Zn from ZnO was observed (ca. 50 – 100 % of added), even with limited pre-incubation of soils with the Zn sources. However, no significant effect of particle size was observed on plant acquisition of Zn from the ZnO. Retention and dissolution of ZnO NPs and dissolved Zn species from ZnO NPs was further investigated in five soils with diverse physical and chemical properties. Strong retention of ZnO NPs and/or dissolved Zn species from ZnO NPs was found in all soils especially in alkaline and calcareous soils. The adsorption affinity of ZnO NPs was generally greater than that of soluble Zn, which suggested ZnO NPs were retained more strongly than soluble Zn in soils. Soil pH and clay content of soil were the most important soil properties affecting retention, although the number of soils used was too small to draw firm conclusions as soil parameters co-varied. Generally, nanoparticulate forms of ZnO appear to offer little advantage over bulk-sized ZnO as a source of fertilizer Zn to crops. Rapid dissolution of ZnO NPs and partitioning of dissolved Zn species derived from ZnO NPs and/or high retention of ZnO NPs in soils suggested that soil application of manufactured ZnO NPs would not appear to offer any benefits over bulk ZnO, whether applied in pure form or along with macronutrient fertilisers. However, from an ecotoxicological point of view, ZnO NPs would not be persistent in soil systems and hence their mobility in soil would be limited. Therefore the risks associated with application of ZnO NPs in soil would be similar to that of soluble Zn.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 2012
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Chan, Chou-Chung, and 詹兆竣. "Remediation of the soils contaminated with Cr , Cu , Zn ,and Ni using dissolved organic matter solution prepared from liquid fertilizer of food waste composting with CaCl2 and MgCl2." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54469651893842257889.
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碩士國立宜蘭大學
環境工程學系碩士班
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Liquid fertilizer obtained through kitchen-waste composting was found that it has the ability of removal of heavy metals from a soil by its high organic content. Both Ca2+ and Mg2+ have also been identified that they could replace heavy metals adsorbed on soil particles in neutral and acidity. A soil with severe contamination (termed Soil I), containing Cr (918 ppm), Cu (1015 ppm), Zn (1105 ppm), and Ni (529 ppm), as well as another soil with moderate contamination (termed Soil II), containing Cr (842 ppm), Cu (595 ppm), Zn (661 ppm), and Ni (751 ppm), were collected for reclamation in this study through the treatment of soil washing. Washing reagents were prepared by mixing CaCl2 and MgCl2 with the dissolved organic matter (DOM) solution, which was diluted from the liquid fertilizer. The removals of Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni were examined when the washings were conducted for 60 min twice with 1:80 (S/L) and 100 rpm shaking at pH 2.0 and 40°C. Approximately 29.7%, 80.6%, 86.9%, and 77.6% of Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni were removed from Soil I, respectively; about 16.2%, 98.1%, 74.3%, and 33.3% of Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni were respectively removed from Soil II. The results also identified the addition of Ca2+ and Mg2+ encouraged the removal of metals. The maximum removal was obtained after the washing employing the mixture of 0.2M CaCl2/0.2M MgCl2/DOM. When Soil I was treated with this mixture, the removals of Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni were respectively increased 5.5%, 9.1%, 16.8%, and 27.0% in comparison to that obtained by the same treatment but without any addition of Ca and Mg.
Book chapters on the topic "Zn fertilizers"
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Gyôri, Z., L. Ruzsányi, L. Jászberényi, I. Vágó, and J. Loch. "The effect of N and P application on the Mn, Cu and Zn content of the winter wheat." In Fertilizers and Environment, 499–502. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1586-2_87.
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Rosolem, C. A., and L. V. S. Sacramento. "Efficiency of foliar Zn fertilizers in coffee and citrus." In Plant Nutrition, 704–5. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47624-x_341.
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DeJong, T. M. "Uptake and assimilation of nutrient resources." In Concepts for understanding fruit trees, 18–21. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800620865.0003.
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Abstract Fruit trees require six macronutrients (N, P, K, calcium, Mg and sulfur) and eight micronutrients (Zn, Fe, B, Mn, Cu, chlorine, nickel and molybdenum) that are taken up through the roots. Many of these occur naturally in the soil as cations bound to negatively charged soil particles, while others are dissolved in the liquid surrounding the soil particles in the form of anions. This chapter discusses the uptake and assimilation of nutrient resources in fruit trees. Tabulated data are given on mean annual N, P and K storage (kg/ha) in perennial organs of mature almond trees that received N fertilizer at 309 kg/ha.
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M.N. Moustafa, Shaima, and Rania H. Taha. "Biosynthesis of Zinc Nanocomplex Employing for Plant Growth Promotion and Bio-Control of Pythium ultimum." In Organic Fertilizers [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100185.
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Green Biosynthesis method was used for the preparation of Zn(II) nano complex from the reaction of the schiff base ligand 2,2′-((1E,1′E)-(1,2-phenylenebis (azanylylidene)) bis(methanylylidene))bis(4-bromophenol) and Zn(II)sulphate. The nano complex was characterized by different physicochemical methods. Zinc nanoparticles (ZnNP-T) will be studied as an antifungal agent. In this study, we will investigate the ability of the myogenic Zinc nanoparticles for plant Growth Promotion and Bio-control of Pythium ultimum.
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Kumari, Soni, and Amarnath Mishra. "Heavy Metal Contamination." In Soil Contamination [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93412.
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In the era of industrialization, pollution has totally deteriorated the quality and diversity of life. Heavy metal contaminations are the major causes of environment deteriorations. The basic reasons are natural as well as anthropogenic. Chief sources of heavy metal contamination are air pollution, river sediments, sewage sludge, town waste composts, agricultural chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides, and industrial waste like factories releasing chemicals, anthropogenic activities, etc. Agricultural soils in many parts of the world are generally contaminated by heavy metal toxicity such as Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, Pb, Hg, As, etc. These are due to the long-term use of phosphate fertilizers, sewage sludge, dust from smelters, industrial waste, etc. Heavy metals in soils are detected with some specific instruments like atomic absorption spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence and spectroscopy. Among all these instruments, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is the best because it gives the precise quantitative determination. AAS is a method applied for measuring the quantity of the trace elements present in the soil or any other samples.
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Mohamed Yonues, Sara, and Abdou Saad El-Tabl. "Removal of Heavy Metals and Salmonella Pathogens from Sewage Sludge Using a Novel Chelating Agent and Its Reuse as a Fertilizer." In Heavy Metals - Recent Advances [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109224.
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The direct use of sewage as fertilizers in agriculture without proper treatment has led to substantial economic environmental and healthy ramifications. Proper treatment as well as adequate environmental management of sewage sludge is a necessity in order to eliminate the negative sequences of its utilization in the agriculture field. In this chapter, a novel organic Schiff base chelator derived from hydroxybenzylidene succinohydrazide (HBSH) has been successfully synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H-NMR as well as infrared spectroscopy. The effect of sewage treated with varying concentration of the Schiff base chelator (0.8, 1.6 and 2.4 g/L) as well as the untreated sewage on the sludge solid reduction, removal of heavy metals and salmonella pathogens has been investigated. The implementation of raw as well as treated sludge on the growth as well as the heavy metal content of radish plant has been also investigated. It was observed that the treated sample showed a reduction in the total content of Zn, Ni, Cr and Cu and enhancements in the yield, stem length, leaf number and flourishing.
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Dalton, David R. "The Soil." In The Chemistry of Wine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190687199.003.0012.
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The widespread practices of viniculture (the study of production of grapes for wine) and oenology (the study of winemaking) affirm the generalization that grapevines have fewer problems with mineral deficiency than many other crops. Only occasionally is the addition of iron (Fe), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), and manganese (Mn) supplements to the soil needed. Addition of potassium (K), zinc (Zn), and boron (B) to the soil is more common. And, of course, nitrogen (N) is critical for the production of proteins. Over the years, various transition metals (metals in groups three through twelve [3– 12] of the periodic table, Appendix 1) have been shown to be generally important. These groups include iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu). Many metals are bound to organic molecules that are important for life. Some of the metals, such as copper (Cu) and iron (Fe), are important in electron transport while others, including manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe), inhibit reactive oxygen (O) species (ROSs) that can destroy cells. Metals serve both to cause some reactions to speed up, called positive catalysis while caus¬ing others (e.g., unwanted oxidation) to slow down (negative catalysis). It is not uncommon to add nitrogen (N), in the form of ammonium salts such as ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), as fertilizer to the soil in which the vines are growing. It is also common to increase the nitrogen (N) content in the soil by planting legumes (legumes have roots that are frequently colonized by nitrogen-fixing bacteria). Nitrogen- fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2), which plants cannot use, to forms, such as ammonia (NH3) or its equivalent, capable of absorption by plants. Nitrogen, used in plant proteins, tends to remain in the soil after harvest or decomposition. With sufficient nitrogen present in the soil the growth cycle can begin again in the following season without adding too much fertilizer. In a more general sense, however, it is clear (as mentioned earlier) that the soil must be capable of good drainage so the sub-soil parts of the plant do not rot and it must be loose enough to permit oxygen to be available to the growing roots.
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Keefer, Robert F. "Micronutrients." In Handbook of Soils for Landscape Architects. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195121025.003.0016.
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Micronutrients needed by plants are Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, B, Mo, Cl, Ni, Co, V, Si, and Na. The required amounts of each of these elements is very small but still essential for desirable plant growth and reproduction. These elements must be applied to soils cautiously for the range between deficient and toxic is very small. It is unwise to use a fertilizer containing all of these micronutrients. Any one of them may already be high enough in soils to cause toxicity from that particular element. If a micronutrient is suspected of being deficient, it would be wise to get soil tests and plant tissue tests to corroborate your suspicions. If a micronutrient is deficient, one should apply only the amount recommended but no more. Sometimes a toxicity of an element is more difficult to correct than a deficiency. Copper, iron, manganese, cobalt, and zinc can be present in soils as (a) several types of precipitates, (b) adsorbed onto the surface of soil particles, (c) present in primary minerals (rocks) and secondary minerals (clays), and (d) present as complex ring compounds. These forms may or may not be available to plants. Precipitates of Cu, Fe, Mn, or Zn often form in soils at high pH (after liming Fig. 14.1). This may occur in soils near buildings from the lime used in the mortar. Soil acids dissolve the lime into Ca++ or Mg++ that migrate into the soil raising the pH and cause these micronutrients to precipitate. Often an Fe deficiency is evident, particularly on acid-loving plants, such as azaleas, rhododendrons, or hollies. If this is extensive, the soil near the buildings may need to be replaced. With limited areas, the soil can be acidified by adding elemental S near the plants affected. The elements Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn can exist as soluble forms or precipitates, depending on the pH of the soil. The soluble forms as cations are present when soils have poor internal drainage (poorly drained soils), whereas the oxides of these elements are present where the soil is well aerated.
Conference papers on the topic "Zn fertilizers"
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Kozlovskaya, V. F. "Prospects for the rhizosphere microorganisms integration into agricultural practice as biofertilizers." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-141.
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Chemical fertilizers are a quick way to increase nutrients in the soil, but their use is economically costly and dangerous for the environment. Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) are able to increase the bioavailability of fertilizers through biological nitrogen (N) fixation, as well as potassium (K), phosphorus (P), and zinc (Zn) solubilization. The enhanced amount of soluble macro- and microelements in the close proximity of soil-root interface increases the fertilizer use efficiency ~ by 20-40 %.
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Gorbunova, Nadezhda, Arkadi Gromovik, E. Zaharova, A. Safonova, and D. Davydova. "INFLUENCE OF GRAIN STRAW ON THE CONTENT OF ZINC AND COPPER IN LEACHED CHERNOZEMS OF THE RAMON DISTRICT OF THE VORONEZH REGION." In Reproduction, monitoring and protection of natural, natural-anthropogenic and anthropogenic landscapes. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/rmpnnaal2021_63-67.
Full textAbstract:
The influence of the introduction of grain straw and cellulosolytic micromycete on the seasonal dynamics of exchangeable compounds of zinc and copper under the conditions of a multifactorial field experiment on leached chernozems was studied. It is shown that straw, with a lack of other fertilizers, is able to replace them, enriching the soil with valuable organic substances. The results obtained indicate that the introduction of green manure significantly increases the content of exchangeable compounds Zn and Cu, especially when a cellulolytic micromycete is added to the straw, which accelerates its decomposition. There is a decrease in the amount of exchangeable Zn and Cu compounds by the end of the growing season, due to their intensive consumption by plants. The data obtained indicate the absence of contamination of the studied soils with elements, on the contrary, they note the lack of exchangeable Zn and Cu compounds.
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MAZHAYSKY, Yuri, Tatyana GUSEVA, and Otilija MISECKAITĖ. "INTEGRATED MELIORATION MEASURES ON RESTORATION OF POLLUTED AND DEGRADED SOILS FERTILITY." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.044.
Full textAbstract:
In case of significant technogenic geochemical loads on agricultural landscapes, the issue of ecological forecasting of environmental management is particularly important. Scientific studies of this issue are aimed at establishing the critical values for the components of the ecosystem, the classification of technogenic sources of hazardous substances, levels of soil contamination. This study presents a research to determine the content of heavy metals in the soils of the Ryazan region (Russia) and analyzed the level of their pollution. In the experiments organic, organomineral and mineral fertilizers systems were studied. From 2002 to 2008 were conducted lysimetric experiments on detoxification of elevated pollution of sod-podzol sandy loam soil, and from 2006 to 2008 of podzolized black soil. The participation of the non-ferrous metals plant emissions was detected in the pollution of sod-podzol light in granulometric composition soils with copper of up to 80 mg·kg-1, when the average concentration of Cu in the soil was 38.8 ±6 mg·kg-1. Humification plays a significant role in the formation of soil, its most important properties and characteristics. The saturation of 1 hectare of sown area with organic was slightly different in the experiments, but the intensity of accumulation of humus from the various agrochemical means did not almost differ. The problem of adaptation of plants in the conditions of technogenic environment is of primary importance. Plants have three biobarera against the admission of toxicants, these are the soil – the root – the stem – the reproductive organs. Grain in contaminated soil is environmentally hazardous as the content of Pb is indicated at the level of 0.68, 1.17 mg·kg-1 (MPC 0.5), Cd – 0.27, 0.11 mg·kg-1 (MPC 0.1), Zn – 76 mg·kg-1 (50 MPC). Use of fertilizing systems had a mostly positive effect, but products do not always become environmentally friendly.
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Ghani, M., S. V. Slycken, E. Meers, F. M. G. Tack, F. Naz, and S. Ali. "Enhanced Phytoextraction of Cadmium and Zinc Using Rapeseed." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96362.
Full textAbstract:
In a green house pot experiment, the effects of three amendments, sulphur (S), ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4) and ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) were tested for phytoextraction of Cd and Zn by rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Elemental sulphur was applied as 20.00, 60.00, and 120.00 mg.kg−1 soil. EDTA was tested at a dose of 585.00 mg.kg−1 soil, and (NH4)2SO4) at a rate of 0.23 mg.kg−1 soil. All treatments received a base fertilization (Hogland) before sowing. Plants were harvested after 51 days of growth and shoot dry matter and soil samples were analysed for metal contents. All amendments caused a significant increase in Cd and Zn contents in plant shoots of all treatments than control treatment. Further, EDTA was most effective for extraction metals concentrations in shoot biomass but the plants showed significant signs of toxicity and yield were severely depressed. The addition of sulfur favorably influenced plant biomass production. The fertilized ammonium sulfate treatment resulted in the highest phytoextraction of Cd and Zn and the amounts of these metals accumulated in plant shoot exceeded by a factor of 4 and 3 respectively. Finally, Brassica napus could be used for soil remediation keeping its other uses which will make the contaminated site income generating source for the farmers.
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A˚mand, Lars-Erik, Bo Leckner, Leif Hansson, and Olof Norrlo¨w. "Co-Combustion of Municipal Sludge With Wood/Coal in CFB: Enrichment of Phosphorous and Cadmium in Ashes." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-098.
Full textAbstract:
Municipal sludge, originating from two wastewater treatment plants in Sweden, has been burned together with wood pellets or bituminous coal in a circulating fluidised bed (CFB) boiler equipped with a secondary cyclone and bag filter for fly ash removal. Such co-combustion is an alternative to mono-combustion of sludge. The sludge is burned in either mechanically dewatered or pre-dried form. The mechanically dewatered sludge was fed with a pump, but pre-dried sludge could be fed by the fuel feed system normally used for coal. Both types of sludge were burned with either wood-pellets or coal as main fuel under identical operating conditions, typical for a CFB boiler. The focus was on ash balances and on analysis of fuels and ashes to obtain concentrations of relevant species. The presence of phosphorous (P) is of special interest in relation to trace elements, such as mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn). For this reason a comparison has been made between these trace elements and phosphorous in the various ashes and the original sludge as well as other sources of phosphorous that could be used for agricultural purposes. The results show that sewage sludge and fly ash, after combustion of sludge, contain similar amounts of phosphorous as other phosphorous sources for agricultural use, but the levels of trace elements in relation to phosphorous (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu) are higher than in animal manure and artificial fertilizer and higher than the present limits in Sweden.