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1
Pfeifer, Geoffrey Dennis. "The New Materialism: Althusser, Badiou, and Zizek." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4202.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation traces the post-Marxist and materialist positions of two leading contemporary European thinkers: Slavoj Zizek and Alain Badiou. These thinkers, I argue, collectively offer a way between the traditional Hegelian Marxist's overarching meta-narrative of a necessary evolution from worse to better, and the post-modern pessimism of a lack of possibility for such a social evolution. It is this middle path, offered by these two thinkers, that this dissertation seeks to explore and further explain. The focal point of this dissertation is the type of philosophical materialism that is collectively offered by Badiou and Zizek, what I call the "New Materialism." I first explain the origins of this materialist position as it emerges in the thought of Louis Althusser, then I discuss how Badiou and Zizek, each in their own way, seek to correct the remaining problems that exist for the Althusserian position, while refusing to reject its core materialist insights. Finally, I assess the ways in which both Badiou and Zizek attempt to overcome the Althusserian problems, arguing that ultimately Zizek's corrective succeeds in remaining within the materialist paradigm laid out by Althusser, whereas Badiou's method brings him dangerously close to a kind of philosophical idealism that he wishes to avoid.
2
Lafontaine, Andrée. "Analyse critique du projet politique de Slavoj Zizek." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26949.
Full textAbstract:
Face à une politique libérale centriste qui fait de plus en plus figure d'unique option politique, la gauche semble pour plusieurs signifier un projet du passé. Nous nous sommes donné pour objectif d'explorer les travaux de Slavoj Zizek afin de voir si le projet marxiste pouvait bénéficier des acquis de la post-modernité et ainsi se présenter comme un projet politique viable aujourd'hui. Slavoj Zizek, philosophe et psychanalyste slovène est en effet mieux connu pour ses efforts de renouvellement du marxisme, un marxisme qui se passe des fondations traditionnellement associées à cette école de pensée. En parcourant l'oeuvre de Zizek, nous avons pu juger des tensions existants dans ce mariage difficile entre marxisme et postmodernité. Bien qu'à la suite de notre étude il nous apparaisse que le marxisme, entendu comme projet politique visant un changement radical de la société, ne s'accommode pas facilement de l'anti-fondationalisme qui caractérise la pensée post-moderne, nous croyons que le projet reste néanmoins valable et porteur d'espoir pour le renouvellement de la pensée marxiste.
3
Sondey, William. "Capital as Master-Signifier: Zizek, Lacan, and Berardi." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1400076867.
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4
Del, Duca Alexander M. "Between Marxism and Postmodernism: Slavoj Zizek Doing the Impossible." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24079.
Full textAbstract:
This work seeks to address the major texts of Slavoj Zizek using a reading methodology which treats political philosophy as a practice, rather than a series of logical propositions or claims of truth or falsity. Philosophy is herein understood as a field of relations among authors who occupy precise theoretical and political coordinates. Writing produces and reproduces an author's position within this field via the way in which an author communicates with his/her peers, draws on past concepts, and designs new ones. This paper argues that Zizek cannot usefully be grasped as a theorist attempting to provide positive political solutions or analyses, but rather as a 'negative' force who occupies an impossible position by attempting to negate his peers and popular contemporary theoretical concepts - Zizek wishes to create a new intellectual space where political possibilities can be rethought and rediscovered, and he does this in his texts by ephemerally occupying multiple positions only to displace them.
5
Hourigan, Daniel. "The Phantasmatic Subject of Technology: Slavoj Zizek, Techne, and the Abyss." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365491.
Full textAbstract:
This critique of technology takes up the thought of Slavoj Žižek to engage in a psychoanalytic and philosophical exploration, critique, and redemption of the human subject under the sway of post-modernity’s politic of technophilia. By first establishing the persistence of the subject as an aporia in the discourse of knowledge-production, this discussion unravels the philosophical, political, and psychoanalytic difficulties hidden by the fetishisation of technology and the globalised lie of its vulgar materialism that entraps the subject in a technological phantasia coordinated by the ‘metaphysics’ of technology: technicity. Interrogating this phantasia of technology, we will intervene in the overdetermination of the ontology of the subject by the perverse social order of a mystical deadlock between the ‘treatment’ of the subject’s existence by the perverse order of technical rationalisation through its annihilation and fabrication of the embodiment of the subject. This intervention aims to reveal the dark contingency at the core of the subject, and to develop this Cause as the site of a rupture and reordering of the symbolic universe maintained by the ideology of technological over-determination. This Cause will be shown through techne, the jettisoned ontological element of technology, and herein this demonstration will unveil the possibility for redeeming the subject from the overdetermination of the technological through the ideology-critique of the phantasia of knowledge-production that covers over the importance of ontology to the self-conception of the human subject. The moment of redemption will be shown to begin from the subject who emerges in and through the university discourse of knowledge-production that Žižek has criticised as the epochal mode of post-modernity.
In attending to this thesis the dissertation engages with Žižek’s critique against the tide of post-modern critique that paralyses the critical gaze of the subject, especially in the consideration of the critical role fantasy plays in maintaining the perverse psychosocial order of knowledge-production that leads to the structuring of the phantasmagoria of technicity. Here the critique with which this dissertation is engaged demonstrates that the fetishisation of knowledge maintaining the ‘lie’ of this phantasmagoria betrays its overdetermination of the subject through the vulgar materialism and the repressed metaphysical mania of annihilation and fabrication that allows technicity to substitute its raison d’étre for the Cause at the core of the subject. By attending to the return of the repressed techne alongside the subject who has been substituted by technicity and excluded from the Symbolic and exiled to the Abyss of the Real, this dissertation will propose the rupture and rearrangement of the authorial order maintained through technicity’s binary of annihilation and fabrication. And to this end the dissertation aims to show how the ontological emergence of the subject at the heart of the dialectical materialist tussle with philosophical idealism can serve to be given a voice in a techne phantasmagoria of open possibility that is not reduced to mere ‘virtuality’ by technicity’s spurious presentism and anti-metaphysical prejudice.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Arts
Faculty of Arts
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6
Cleveland, Matthew School of English UNSW. "The Substrates of Transgression: A ??i??ekian Account of Four Iceberg Slim Novellas." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of English, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17864.
Full textAbstract:
The writings of controversial ???underground??? figure Iceberg Slim feature identities and sub-cultures either antagonistic to, or otherwise not commensurable with, mainstream American Orders of Discourse. Within the ex-pimp???s narrative dystopia, a provocative and unreservedly profane idiom is employed not only to champion normatively marginalized or demonized subjectivities (such as African-Americans, the underclass, pimps and ???hustlers???), but also to identify and condemn the policies and praxes hegemonizing the Social domain. Moreover, although Slim is one of the most widely-read African-American authors, there has been to date almost no critical engagement with his work. The two primary objectives of this Thesis were: firstly, to evaluate and elucidate the transgressive potential posed by the Slimian narrative universe; and secondly, to demonstrate that the genus of Lacanian, post-Marxian and other dialectical heuristics developed by Slavoj ??i??ek offered the most expedient means of achieving the first objective. More specifically, via investigating the discursive and trans-discursive coordinates of marginal identity as dramatized in four of Slim???s most popular novellas (Pimp, Trick Baby, Mama Black Widow, and Death Wish), we sought to ascertain the degree to which Slim???s particular representational negotiations of identity and identification operate to undermine, or (inadvertently) support, dominant ideological formulations. Further, this investigation adopted a ??i??ekian approach to develop a framework through which the (social, ethical, ideological, aesthetic, psychical and libidinal) issues surrounding Power that are at stake could be meaningfully evaluated. Our cardinal hypotheses concerned the basic dialectical postulation that the key to understanding hegemonic operations lies not in the content of those operations, but rather in the form(s) through which they are brought to bear. The results obtained in this Thesis were consistent with the fundamental hypotheses posed and served also to achieve our primary objectives. Namely, our ??i??ekian approach identified and explained various structural and psychical features which were crucial in determining not only the antagonisms between (and inherent to) the vicissitudes of Power and the metastases of Its transgression (or not) within the Slimian universe, but also our apprehension of those antagonisms. In our enumeration of at least three discreet modalities of transgression, we finally concluded that the most radical dimension of the Slimian universe was to be located in the inherent undecidability between its affiliations with incommensurable ideological domains.
7
Cuff, Simon L. "Paul's 'new moment' : the reception of Paul in Alain Badiou, Terry Eagleton, Slavoj Zizek." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:aac1f812-2d61-4fa0-ac8d-e107b174e7f2.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis traces the ‘New Moment’ in Pauline reception in the writings of Alain Badiou, Terry Eagleton and Slavoj Žižek. It explores how the Pauline epistles are read and feature in their thought. An answer to the question, 'why Paul?' prompts reflection on what it is to read and understand the Apostle. An introduction sets out the writers of this ‘New Moment’ [Jacob Taubes, Giorgio Agamben, Stanislas Breton, as well as Badiou, Eagleton and Žižek] before isolating the figures of this study. The reception of this ‘moment’ by mainstream New Testament studies is considered, and with it the charge of ‘appropriation’. The concept of ‘appropriation’ is explored, and a definition arrived at, for the purpose of evaluating the readings we will go on to discover. As part of this notion of ‘appropriation’, the turn to Gadamer in recent New Testament study is surveyed. We suggest another potential hermeneutical approach that derives from Gadamer is possible. Thus, the object of this study is both an instance of, and means by which to critique the understanding of, New Testament Wirkungsgeschichte. Each of our thinkers is then considered in turn. The outline for each chapter is the same. A brief introduction to the figure with bibliographical background salient to his Pauline reading precedes some textual examples indicative of that reading. We then move to analyse the manner of that reading and certain conceptual problems which are revealed in the course of the engagement with Paul. The conclusion analyses the approaches, and reasons for turning, to Paul on the part of these thinkers. Salient differences between each thinker's reading are noted and the charge of appropriation is evaluated afresh. The implications of such readings for conventional biblical criticism are considered, and the success of an approach which explores a Gadamerean-inspired interest in reception in the manner adopted by this thesis is judged.
8
Fonseca, Fernando Facà de Assis. "Pensar a liberdade em Slavoj Zizek: uma reflexÃo sobre ciÃncia, ontologia, subjetividade e polÃtica emancipatÃria." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15791.
Full textAbstract:
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorO presente trabalho tematiza a ideia de emancipaÃÃo e liberdade para Zizek, um conceito de liberdade estritamente materialista e pÃs-metafÃsico. Se a Ãnfase, hoje, nos ideais do Esclarecimento (AufklÃrung) fornecidos pela modernidade à considerada um retrocesso diante de nossa realidade pÃs-moderna, Zizek encara o desafio de reintegrar tais princÃpios no cenÃrio filosÃfico atual de maneira muito singular. Seu mÃrito consiste fundamentalmente em abordar o cerne da questÃo contemporÃnea (no que tange à ciÃncia, ontologia, subjetividade e polÃtica) a partir dos ideais modernos que abrem a perspectiva de emancipaÃÃo e liberdade humana. Nosso trabalho tem, portanto, como tarefa explorar esse tema da liberdade nos tempos atuais, radicalizando, assim, o que Kant compreendia com o princÃpio da AufklÃrung, a saber, a saÃda do homem da minoridade, da qual ele mesmo à culpado. Nesse sentido, o tema serà dividido em quatro linhas temÃticas principais: i) ciÃncia e epistemologia, ii) ontologia, iii) subjetividade e iv) polÃtica emancipatÃria. No primeiro ponto à discutido o ideal de AufklÃrung para Zizek e como este se contrapÃe diretamente com a perspectiva de Habermas e seu projeto de uma modernidade inacabada. Para isso, tomamos como fio condutor a polÃmica sobre o tema da biogenÃtica, e, a partir daÃ, procuramos demonstrar como que a concepÃÃo de modernidade para Zizek à ainda mais radical do que a de Habermas. No segundo capÃtulo, procuramos desenvolver o modo como Zizek fundamenta a base ontolÃgica da liberdade a partir da passagem de Kant a Hegel. O foco à depositado na mudanÃa paralÃctica do obstÃculo epistemolÃgico, em Kant, para a sua condiÃÃo ontolÃgica positiva, em Hegel. Ou seja, o modo como Hegel radicaliza o pensamento kantiano a partir de uma torÃÃo dialÃtica puramente formal. No terceiro capÃtulo, a perspectiva da liberdade à deslocada agora para o campo da subjetividade, na relaÃÃo dialÃtica entre a Lei moral kantiana e o gozo sÃdico. Nesse sentido, procuro mostrar primeiramente como que Lacan articula Kant com Sade, para, em seguida, pensar como que o psicanalista procura uma saÃda para o princÃpio de liberdade kantiana a partir da Lei do desejo, o que nos permite pensar um Kant sem Sade. No quarto e Ãltimo capÃtulo, passo para uma discussÃo propriamente polÃtica, onde questiono como à possÃvel uma polÃtica verdadeiramente emancipatÃria, vinculada à ideia de luta de classe e ato polÃtico. Em cada ponto tratado, esforÃamo-nos por radicalizar o princÃpio de liberdade humana em sua base materialista. O interessante na abordagem do materialismo dialÃtico de Zizek à que, em momento algum, cabe substituir nossa realidade por outra melhor, mas apenas â e isso à o fundamental â radicalizar o que permanece in potentia na nossa.
The present work discusses the idea of emancipation and freedom for Zizek, a concept of freedom strictly materialist and post-metaphysical. If the emphasis today on the ideals of the Enlightenment (AufklÃrung) supplied by modernity is considered a step backwards before our reality post-modern, Zizek sees the challenge of reintegrating such principles in philosophical scenario today in a very special way. His merit consists basically to approach the kernel of the contemporary question (in terms of science, ontology, subjectivity and politics) from the ideal modern that opens up the prospect of emancipation and human freedom. Our work has, therefore, as task to explore this theme of freedom in current times, in what Kant understood with the principle of AufklÃrung, namely, the leaving of man of minority, of which he himself is guilty. In this sense, the theme will be divided into four main thematic areas: (i) science and epistemology, (ii) ontology, (iii) subjectivity and (iv) emancipatory politics. On the first point it is discussed the ideal of AufklÃrung for Zizek and how it contrasts directly with the perspective of Habermas and his project of a unfinished modernity. For this, we take as a guide the controversy on the subject of biogenetic, and, from then on, we look for to demonstrate as that the conception of modernity for Zizek is still more radical than that of Habermas. In the second chapter, we are seeking to develop how Zizek justifies the ontological basis of freedom from the passage from Kant to Hegel. The focus is deposited in the parallax shift of epistemological obstacle in Kant, for his positive ontological condition, in Hegel. That is, the way as Hegel radicalizes the Kantian thought from a twist purely formal dialectic. In the third chapter, the prospect of freedom is now shifted to the field of subjectivity, the dialectical relation between the Kantian moral Law and the sadistic enjoyment. In this direction, I look for to show first as that Lacan articulates Kant with Sade, then think about how that the psychoanalyst seeks an outlet for the principle of Kantian freedom from the Law of desire, which allows us to think a Kant without Sade. In the room and last chapter, step for a discussion properly politics, where I question as one truly emancipatory politics is possible, linked to the idea of class struggle and political act. In each treated point, we strive to radicalize the principle of human freedom in its materialistic basis. The interesting approach in the dialectical materialism of Zizek is that, at any time, it is replace our reality by another better, but only - and this is crucial - radicalize what remains in potentia in ours.
9
FONSECA, Fernando Facó de Assis. "Pensar a liberdade em Slavoj Zizek: uma reflexão sobre ciência, ontologia, subjetividade e política emancipatória." www.teses.ufc.br, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/14791.
Full textAbstract:
FONSECA, Fernando Facó de Assis. Pensar a liberdade em Slavoj Zizek: uma reflexão sobre ciência, ontologia, subjetividade e política emancipatória. 2015. 230f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2015.Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-19T11:23:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_tese_ffafonseca.pdf: 828805 bytes, checksum: c597eef1ad65af3558eadf28d8113c83 (MD5)
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The present work discusses the idea of emancipation and freedom for Zizek, a concept of freedom strictly materialist and post-metaphysical. If the emphasis today on the ideals of the Enlightenment (Aufklärung) supplied by modernity is considered a step backwards before our reality post-modern, Zizek sees the challenge of reintegrating such principles in philosophical scenario today in a very special way. His merit consists basically to approach the kernel of the contemporary question (in terms of science, ontology, subjectivity and politics) from the ideal modern that opens up the prospect of emancipation and human freedom. Our work has, therefore, as task to explore this theme of freedom in current times, in what Kant understood with the principle of Aufklärung, namely, the leaving of man of minority, of which he himself is guilty. In this sense, the theme will be divided into four main thematic areas: (i) science and epistemology, (ii) ontology, (iii) subjectivity and (iv) emancipatory politics. On the first point it is discussed the ideal of Aufklärung for Zizek and how it contrasts directly with the perspective of Habermas and his project of a unfinished modernity. For this, we take as a guide the controversy on the subject of biogenetic, and, from then on, we look for to demonstrate as that the conception of modernity for Zizek is still more radical than that of Habermas. In the second chapter, we are seeking to develop how Zizek justifies the ontological basis of freedom from the passage from Kant to Hegel. The focus is deposited in the parallax shift of epistemological obstacle in Kant, for his positive ontological condition, in Hegel. That is, the way as Hegel radicalizes the Kantian thought from a twist purely formal dialectic. In the third chapter, the prospect of freedom is now shifted to the field of subjectivity, the dialectical relation between the Kantian moral Law and the sadistic enjoyment. In this direction, I look for to show first as that Lacan articulates Kant with Sade, then think about how that the psychoanalyst seeks an outlet for the principle of Kantian freedom from the Law of desire, which allows us to think a Kant without Sade. In the room and last chapter, step for a discussion properly politics, where I question as one truly emancipatory politics is possible, linked to the idea of class struggle and political act. In each treated point, we strive to radicalize the principle of human freedom in its materialistic basis. The interesting approach in the dialectical materialism of Zizek is that, at any time, it is replace our reality by another better, but only - and this is crucial - radicalize what remains in potentia in ours.
O presente trabalho tematiza a ideia de emancipação e liberdade para Zizek, um conceito de liberdade estritamente materialista e pós-metafísico. Se a ênfase, hoje, nos ideais do Esclarecimento (Aufklärung) fornecidos pela modernidade é considerada um retrocesso diante de nossa realidade pós-moderna, Zizek encara o desafio de reintegrar tais princípios no cenário filosófico atual de maneira muito singular. Seu mérito consiste fundamentalmente em abordar o cerne da questão contemporânea (no que tange à ciência, ontologia, subjetividade e política) a partir dos ideais modernos que abrem a perspectiva de emancipação e liberdade humana. Nosso trabalho tem, portanto, como tarefa explorar esse tema da liberdade nos tempos atuais, radicalizando, assim, o que Kant compreendia com o princípio da Aufklärung, a saber, a saída do homem da minoridade, da qual ele mesmo é culpado. Nesse sentido, o tema será dividido em quatro linhas temáticas principais: i) ciência e epistemologia, ii) ontologia, iii) subjetividade e iv) política emancipatória. No primeiro ponto é discutido o ideal de Aufklärung para Zizek e como este se contrapõe diretamente com a perspectiva de Habermas e seu projeto de uma modernidade inacabada. Para isso, tomamos como fio condutor a polêmica sobre o tema da biogenética, e, a partir daí, procuramos demonstrar como que a concepção de modernidade para Zizek é ainda mais radical do que a de Habermas. No segundo capítulo, procuramos desenvolver o modo como Zizek fundamenta a base ontológica da liberdade a partir da passagem de Kant a Hegel. O foco é depositado na mudança paraláctica do obstáculo epistemológico, em Kant, para a sua condição ontológica positiva, em Hegel. Ou seja, o modo como Hegel radicaliza o pensamento kantiano a partir de uma torção dialética puramente formal. No terceiro capítulo, a perspectiva da liberdade é deslocada agora para o campo da subjetividade, na relação dialética entre a Lei moral kantiana e o gozo sádico. Nesse sentido, procuro mostrar primeiramente como que Lacan articula Kant com Sade, para, em seguida, pensar como que o psicanalista procura uma saída para o princípio de liberdade kantiana a partir da Lei do desejo, o que nos permite pensar um Kant sem Sade. No quarto e último capítulo, passo para uma discussão propriamente política, onde questiono como é possível uma política verdadeiramente emancipatória, vinculada à ideia de luta de classe e ato político. Em cada ponto tratado, esforçamo-nos por radicalizar o princípio de liberdade humana em sua base materialista. O interessante na abordagem do materialismo dialético de Zizek é que, em momento algum, cabe substituir nossa realidade por outra melhor, mas apenas – e isso é o fundamental – radicalizar o que permanece in potentia na nossa.
10
Bryar, Timothy Richard. "Doing Nothing: A Politics of Violent Inaction for Positive Peace." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15954.
Full textAbstract:
Doing nothing, or inaction - typically defined by things like denial, avoidance, acceptance, complicity, laziness, collusion, or fear – is commonly conceived as an undesirable response to the structural violence and injustice of contemporary liberal-democratic capitalism. Subsequently, contemporary theories and practices of nonviolent action for building positive peace emphasise notions of participation, inclusion and the democratic voice as the basis for emancipatory politics. However, this emphasis on nonviolent and inclusive participation seems to only reinforce the violence of liberal-democratic capitalism and as such, ‘doing nothing’ appears in the guise of ‘doing something’. In a further twist, in contrast to claims made by contemporary theories of power and nonviolent action that there are immanent possibilities for resistance to power, our current predicament under the hegemony of liberal-democratic capitalism is actually experienced as a lack of viable options for transforming the structural violence of liberal capitalism. In the face of this closure of the socio-political imagination, participation has become a modern day fetish that serves to relieve us of the guilt that we are not doing enough to overcome the violence of liberal capitalism. In contrast to this fetishisation of nonviolent and inclusive participation, Zizek’s ‘politics of subtraction’ hints at a radically subversive form of violent inaction, one that has the potential to transform social and political power relations. Based on Zizek’s theoretical edifice, this research project aims to critique the assumptions surrounding ‘doing nothing’ in both peace theory and the theory of nonviolent action, and seeks to claim “doing nothing” as a subversive and emancipatory means of political transformation. Further, the project applies this notion of inactive violence to a case study of the democratization process in Fiji from 2012-2014 to examine liberal and traditional understandings of silence/inaction, and to explore possibilities for transforming four-decades of political instability and building peace with justice.
11
Roy, Keidrick Jamel. "PSYCHOANALYSIS, LIMINALITY, AND OPTICAL ABERRATION: A REPORT ON THE POSTMODERN URBAN CONDITION." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193391.
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I define intellectual urbanite as a person that exists on the margins of two societies. In this project, I will empty the term "urbanite" of its chic cultural value and use it to refer to a member of society who lives in the inner city and is subjected to multifarious racial, economic, and/or cultural forces perpetuated by controlling ideologies. The intellectual urbanite is marginalized by mainstream culture due to physical location, lack of wealth, racialization, racialized discourses, or any combination of these factors. Intellectual urbanites are also exiled to the margins of their own culture as those who act in ways other than what is coded for them within their home communities. This project will explore the postmodern psychological condition of the intellectual urbanite and suggest a means by which intellectual urbanites can differentiate themselves as nomadic thinkers rather than (re)productions of ideological domination.
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Yazici, Savas. "Encountering With The Real: A Critical Reading Of The Works Of Lacan, Laclau, Zizek And Badiou." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608973/index.pdf.
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Lacan is an influential figure of 20th Century thought. Being a
psychoanalyst, a linguist and at the same time a philosopher, in his theory
he combines all three of these disciplines. Even in his later works, he tried
to combine his theory with mathematical formalization.
His theory influenced three important political thinkers: Laclau, Ž
i&
#382
ek and Badiou. The purpose of this dissertation is mainly to examine Lacan&rsquo
s thought and its impasses which could be found especially in the political applications of his theory. First I start with a critical reading of Lacan&rsquo
s own works. I try to figure out the idealizations, presuppositions and blind spots hidden in his work. I develop my critical reading by focusing on the works of Laclau, &
#381
i&
#382
ek and Badiou. The main argument of this dissertation is, such a critical reading of these philosophers will lead us to a general questioning of Lacan&rsquo
s theory and the legitimacy of its applications. Lacan&rsquo
s use of the impossibility as a founding principle and his passion for formalization cause several idealizations, like the idealization of the neutrality of the signifier, the idealization of the non-represented and so on. These problems are extended and transformed into other ones in his disciples&rsquo
works. For Laclau, the problem is transformed into a purely content-free understanding of elements of democracy which ends up with paradoxical results. For &
#381
i&
#382
ek and Badiou, because of their insistence on a political theory based on the impossible real, their subversive theories end up with a theory which take the form of messianic discourses. What I propose is a reconsideration of the role of the theory on the understanding of human reality: in principle every theory excludes some portions of the richness of human life-world, therefore every theory must have a retrospective and critical stance against its own founding principles. This cannot be done by formalized theories which keep the formal structure of itself untouchable.
13
Zeiher, Cindy Lee. "The fantasy is the most real thing : exploring desire in the 21st Century : Zizek and ideology." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Sociology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9425.
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This thesis considers how desire might be theorised in the twenty first century against the backdrop of New Zealand society, culture and film. Methodologically, this exploration is addressed with reference to Žižek’s return to a critique of ideology, whose conceptual basis is drawn from Marx, Althusser and Lacan, and which is significant in its analysis of contemporary desire as emanating from social conditions and constellations of power. Žižek’s challenge to call for a new Master is one that this thesis responds to enthusiastically. Such a response is posited from a location which intersects Lacanian psychoanalysis and sociological theories.
The method this exploration employed focus groups and individual interviews from which talk of desire is constructed and critically explored. Focus groups and individual interviews were conducted following a viewing of the New Zealand film, Heavenly Creatures, which enabled an exploration of how participants offer competing ideological locations which can reveal the hidden and not so hidden mechanisms regulating social relations and ambiguities. The participant profiles of the focus groups were designed around key themes relating to the film: fathers of teenage daughters; those working or heavily involved within the creative industries; young women aged between 18-25; and those who grew up in Christchurch during the 1950’s.
Heavenly Creatures is a film interpretation of the actual murder of Christchurch resident Honora Rieper in 1954 by her teenage daughter and this daughter’s friend. In exploring both the themes of friendship and the figure of the mother, Heavenly Creatures deliberately conflates fantasy with ideology, so that it is from this intersection that possibilities of subjective desire are confronted. When addressing desire set against this particular film, participants confront deadlocks and misrecognitions, in particular the disintegration of those ideological conditions with which they are identifying. These include the limitations of modern capitalism, concerns about the ‘environment’, the pervasive engagement with cynicism, and frustrations with the inability to intimately and socially self-express. In order to understand and articulate desire various locations are posited in the guise of subjective truth. These points of fixation are structured by the conditions of dominant social and cultural ideologies, which the participant seeks to symbolise in returning to the ambiguity of the promise of the Master’s discourse as proposed by Lacan. This thesis critically explores three of the modalities through which Lacan’s construct of the Master is revealed in participants’ talk about desire: these are the precarious position of belief, the fragmented body, and love as an ideological act. It is argued that these modalities work within discourse in such a way as to offer participants ideological personification as well as a complexity of circumstances from which they can designate the objet a (the truth of one’s desire in psychoanalytic terms) insisted by the superego. In this way these three modalities are configured as enabling a speaking, or a saying, from a position of knowledge. This position in turn insists that the subject does not have to abandon the problem of desire but rather engage with knowledge attained through confronting and developing a literacy of desire. Desire read alongside the modalities of belief, the body and love posit a contemporary ontology in which the gaze commands an ethical and somewhat moral dimension from which the subject can construct a Master which not only seeks to recognise and speak about desire, but also manage it within daily life.
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Magee, Neal E. Hamner M. Gail. "Remembering to forget theological tropologies of confession and disavowal (Saint Augustine, Bishop of Hippo, Slavoj Zizek, Jacques Derrida) /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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XAVIER, B. G. "ESTADO COMO LEI, DEPOIS COMO FARSA: DO ESTADO DE DIREITO AOS DIREITOS HUMANOS A PARTIR DE SLAVOJ ZIZEK." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9361.
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Previous issue date: 2016-08-22RESUMO O objetivo central desta dissertação é uma discussão filosófica e política sobre os elementos Estado Democrático de Direito, Sujeito de Direito e Direitos Humanos a partir da obra de Slavoj Zizek. O autor pontua a existência de inúmeros fatores ideológicos que sustentam as práticas sociais e instituições políticas, de modo a conferir articulações e possibilidades de análise sobre a relação entre norma jurídica e circulação mercadológica que tome por base uma tradição hegeliana em conjunto com a psicanálise lacaniana. Assim, o presente escrito irá desenvolver uma abordagem sobre a relação entre Estado e mercadoria a partir de um contexto ideológico, bem como trabalhará com a subjetividade do Sujeito Pós-Traumático. Não obstante, analisará o contexto dos Direitos Humanos e do Multiculturalismo, tomando este como uma forma de racismo cultural.
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Frost, Nylén Julia. ""Ingen big deal" : - En undersökning i kvinnligt dejtande på Tinder." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Media- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30662.
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Abstract. Uppsatsen Ingen big deal - en undersökning i kvinnligt dejtande på Tinder undersöker hur kvinnors sökande eller möten efter/med en romantisk eller sexuell partner, i samtiden kallat “dejting”, förändrats av applikationen Tinder. Uppsatsen har genom ett antal intervjuer med kvinnor undersökt hur deras dejtande ser ut på Tinder och hur eller om detta har förändrat deras sätt att dejta. Studien undersöker först hur dejtande har sett ut genom tiderna och vilka roller som kvinnan har tilldelats eller anpassat sig efter för att därefter undersöka hur eller om detta har förändrats i och med sociala medier och främst dejtingapplikationer på smarta telefoner. Det som upptäcktes var att kvinnor i och med Tinder börjar få ett nytt perspektiv på sitt dejtande och börjar se dejtande som en process där erfarenheten bidrar till en klarare bild av kvinnors målbild när det kommer till relationer. Den visade även på tendenser att kvinnor börjar appropriera ett manligt förhållningssätt till relationer, där de undersöker olika tillvägagångssätt och även vidgar sin definition av vad en relation är och kan vara. Relationer börjar mer bli en bisak även i kvinnans samliv, vilket tidigare inte varit fallet. Men det märktes även hur kvinnor använde Tinder som ett sätt att komma ur tidigare relationer och återfå självförtroende för att kunna gå in i nya relationer. Huruvida detta är Tinders förtjänst eller inte kan diskuteras men det är ett faktum att Tinder fundamentalt förändrar kvinnors sätt att se på relationer och hur de själva beter sig i dejtingprocessen.
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Bergström, Lucella. ""I feel that I was being written..." : Identitetsskapande i William S Burroughs romaner Junky och Queer." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-18306.
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In this essay I examine how identity is created in William S. Burroughs two early novels Junky andQueer. The theoretic starting points are Lacans psychoanlytic concepts ”ideal ego”, ”egoideal” and the ”superego” and also queertheory as presented by Tiina Rosenberg in her book Queerfeministisk agenda. The examination contains an analysis of how Burroughs creates identity in both Junky and Queer with main focus on the second novel. I look at how the desire in the maincharacter Lee is described and what the desire is aimed at. In Junky Lee has a need for drugs and in Queer the desire is aimed at sexual contact with other men. I examine how the desire switches between the novels and how it affects his identity. There is a difference in how Lee sees himself and how the people around him sees him. He sees himself as the masculine homosexual man but the society has antoher view of how homosexual men should act and look like, that is the effiminate man. There is a conflict between Lees ideal ego and the ego-ideal wich has great impact on how his identity is formed. There is a gap between his interpretation of himself and how other sees him wich creates a disintegration in his identity. This essay tries to describe how this disintegration in Lees identity appears and how he handles it. Burroughs is wellknown for his so called ”routines”. These are crazy and imaginative monologues created by the maincharacter Lee. In this essay I present these routines as a way for Lee to take back control of his own identity, he uses them as a way to convince his surroundings that he is the masculine homosexual guy with control not the feminine man that other people sees him as. I also examine how the maincharacter Lee reflects Burroughs as his ideal ego. Ginsbergs have said that Queer is ”Burroughs heart laid bare” and that is a central point throughout my essay.
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Yannakis, Donna. "Violence and the other in the novels of Carmel Bird." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2019. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2224.
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This thesis argues that throughout her fictional work, Carmel Bird interrogates multiple forms of violence against the gendered and racialised other. Using Judith Butler’s theories of gender performativity and the discursive construction of race, the thesis shows how these constructions not only inform or incite violence against the other, but are inherently violent in themselves. To chart these multiple forms of violence, the thesis uses Slavoj Žižek’s delineation of a triumvirate of violence: symbolic, systemic and subjective violence. He describes subjective violence as the most visible, physical violence of an actor or actors against an other. He determines that this subjective violence is only one part of a trinity of violence that includes two forms of more insidious, invisible violence – symbolic and systemic violence. Žižek argues that the symbolic violence of language and discourse and the systemic violence of political, economic and social systems inform, incite and produce subjective violence. With recourse to Butler and Žižek, the thesis demonstrates this argument by examining how Bird uses intertextuality, landscapes of surface and depth, non-traditional narrative strategies, Gothicism and irony in the novels Cherry Ripe (1985), The Bluebird Café (1990), The White Garden (1995), Red Shoes (1998), Cape Grimm (2004), Child of the Twilight (2010) and Family Skeleton (2016) to expose the ways these multiple forms of violence intersect and inform one another.
Chapter One argues that Cherry Ripe uses intertextuality to show how the reiterative power of discourse enacts a symbolic violence by producing normative models of femininity. This symbolic violence, in turn, produces the systemic violence of female shame when women fail to adhere to those normative models. Chapter Two examines the construction of landscape in The Bluebird Café to argue that the novel interrogates the elision of the systemic and subjective violence against the convict and Aboriginal other in historical and cultural discourses. It additionally argues that this elision, alongside Australian discursive myth-making, constitutes an ongoing symbolic violence against the other. Chapter Three returns to the use of intertextuality in The White Garden. The novel’s invocation of an institutional scandal of abuse, hagiography and fairy-tales reveals the ways symbolic violence in these discourses inform the systemic and subjective violence against the female body and sexuality. Chapter Four examines the pre-occupation with narration and narrative strategy in Red Shoes to argue that narration and narrative control dictates who can speak and whose stories can be told. It particularly interrogates the ways narration enacts a symbolic violence by silencing the female voice and female stories. It goes on to demonstrate how these silences allow for systemic and subjective violence against women and children. Chapter Five focusses on the use of Gothic conventions and tropes in Cape Grimm to argue that the novel continues Bird’s concern with the elision of colonial, subjective violence against Aboriginal Australians and how that violence continues to haunt the present in the form of systemic violence against the indigenous population. It also argues that the construction of white belonging in Australia performs a symbolic violence in its attempts to shore up a sense of white indigeneity. Chapter Five explores Bird’s characteristic irony in Child of the Twilight to argue that the novel interrogates notions of origin, authenticity and faith to demonstrate the symbolic violence of human belief systems. The thesis concludes by examining the ways in which the symbolic, systemic and subjective violence invoked in these novels intersect with and inform the violence in Bird’s latest novel Family Skeleton.
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Benjamin, Garfield. "The cyborg subject : parallax realities, functions of consciousness and the void of subjectivity." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621858.
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This thesis contributes to the fields of digital technology, consciousness studies and cultural theory by reassessing the relation of the contemporary subject to physical and digital worlds. By moving beyond the materiality of these worlds, this investigation will position the subject as a cyborg: a series of relations within consciousness that defines the reality and psychological construction of the subject across and through physical and digital perspectives. The functions of consciousness are set out as Existence, Meaning, Virtual, and Real, and their shifting relations defined in terms of physical and digital modes of consciousness. Using Slavoj Žižek's conception of parallax, applied ontologically to digital technology, and introducing a new framework for analysing consciousness as a series of relations between functions, the void of subjectivity is defined as the gap between physical and digital worlds. Within this framework the work of Gilles Deleuze and the philosophy of quantum physics are employed to negotiate a disruption of conventional reality with the Virtuality of thought and matter respectively, towards the conception of the subject as an engaged spectator. These methodological tools are developed to analyse cultural phenomena that highlight and challenge our consciousness of the relation between physical and digital worlds. Online and gallery-based digital art interventions, avatar-mediated spaces, computer games and representations of digital technology and culture in literature are examined in order to assess specific relations between functions, drawing the discussion towards the antagonism between Virtuality and Reality within the construction of the cyborg subject. Through these analyses, a critical position is established through which the contemporary subject is able to achieve the rupture of a minimal distance towards its own parallax position to confront the void of subjectivity between Virtual and Real functions of consciousness and between physical and digital modes of cyborg reality.
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Watts, Oliver. "Power and Misrecognition: The Cordelia/Fool Series." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16820.
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Power and Misrecognition: The Cordelia/Fool Series asks which qualities of painting can help in our understanding of ourselves as subjects of law and power. I have developed a mode of theatrical, performative painting that stylistically and narratively remains open. The narrative of the tableaux seeks to account for the law’s inability to totally account for its subjects. The medium of painting is revisited as the traditional courtly or authoritative art, especially the genre of history painting; in this series though painting’s agency is shown to be displaced and debased. The painting itself also embodies the foreclosure of the law’s complete imagining and imaging of the subject. My approach is contextualised within a variety of alternative artistic responses to legal subjecthood: post-conceptual painting, psychoanalytic theory, and critical legal studies. Ultimately this research paper and body of paintings argue for a meaningful and ethical response to “interpellation” constituted through an aesthetic acknowledgment of openness and law’s incompleteness. In this process the subject of the law is paradoxically shown to be the site of control but also the site of resistance and negotiation. This mode of resistance, from within the law’s structures, is defined through the act of artistic praxis as something that is ultimately part of the legal irrational, and also through a close law rereading of Cordelia’s character from King Lear, who becomes a proxy for the misrecognition of the law. My overall research findings have been presented in this research paper, an illustrated play (and set of tableaux scenes) and a series of paintings.
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LAUREANO, PEDRO SOBRINO. "POLITICS BETWEEN LACK AND EXCESS: THE POLITICAL THOUGHT OF DELEUZE AND LACAN AND IT S RESUMPTION IN THE WORKS OF ANTONIO NEGRI AND SLAVOJ ZIZEK." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=34908@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Esta tese tem como objetivo central a realização de um confronto entre as abordagens de duas linhas de pensamento sobre a questão política. A primeira é aquela que vai da filosofia da diferença construída por Gilles Deleuze até a teoria política de Antonio Negri, a segunda, da psicanálise de Jacques Lacan até a filosofia de Slavoj Zizek. Trata-se, em um primeiro momento, de desenvolver o tema da política conforme este aparece nas obras de Lacan e Deleuze. Em Deleuze, buscaremos traçar os contornos fundamentais da filosofia da diferença elaborada pelo autor. Em seguida, analisaremos a proposição de uma nova teoria política que é empreendida pelo autor nos anos 70 junto a Félix Guattari. No caso de Lacan, nosso foco será nas consequências política do movimento em que o psicanalista se afasta, a partir dos anos 60, do paradigma estruturalista e simbólico que havia constituído a base de sua teoria nos anos 50. Buscaremos investigar, em Antonio Negri e Slavoj Zizek, dois dos mais importantes filósofos que, atualmente, se encarregam de continuar a linha de pensamento inaugurada por Deleuze, no caso de Negri, e por Lacan, no de Zizek.
Our main goal in this thesis is to study the political implications of two lines of thought and they differences. The first is the one that goes, thought the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze to the works of Toni Negri, and the second, thought the psychoanalysis of Jacques Lacan to the philosophy of Slavoj Zizek. In Deleuze, we seek to trace the contours of the philosophy of difference created by the author. Our next move is to analyze the proposition of a new political theory that was undertaken by the author in the 70s along with Félix Guattari. In the case of Lacan, our focus will be on political consequences of the movement in which the psychoanalyst, in the 60s, moves away from the symbolic and structuralist paradigm that had formed the basis of his theory in the 50s. And in Antonio Negri and Slavoj Zizek we find two of the most important philosophers who are currently responsible for continuing the line of thought that was inaugurated by Deleuze, in the case of Negri, and Lacan, in the case of Zizek.
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Breckenridge, Adam. "Acts of Rebellion: The Rhetoric of Rogue Cinema." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5191.
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The purpose of this project was to articulate a definition and understanding of the emerging genre of rogue cinema through the lens of rhetorical theory. To this end, I lay out a theoretical groundwork based principally on the works of Kenneth Burke and Slavoj Zizek to build a definition and to analyze the works of four filmmakers whose work could be considered rogue: Alejandro Jodorowsky, Dusan Makavejev, Lars von Trier and Werner Herzog.
The first chapter is dedicated to articulating the theorists I use and showing how they can be used to examine rogue films. The second chapter is dedicated to the films of Jodorowsky, focusing in particular on his films Fando y Lis, El Topo and The Holy Mountain, looking at how these films form a critique of our conventional views of religion and spirituatity. Chapter three looks at Makavejev's films WR: Mysteries of the Organism and Sweet Movie and discusses how they undermine the capitalist/communist dichotomy that has defined most of 20th century politics. Chapter four examines Lars von Trier's films Europa and Dancer in the Dark, framing them in particular with the Dogme movement and looking at how von Trier rebels against cinematic convention. The last chapter looks at Herzog's films Aguirre: Wrath of God and Stroszek and discusses how Herzog blends fiction and reality in ways that question our cultural and moral values.
Since little has been written on rogue cinema to date my aim here has been to help develop rogue cinema as a concept and begin the work of building a theoretical basis for the idea of this as a genre. In my conclusion I suggest avenues for future scholars to expand on this idea and discuss what further work needs to be done for rogue cinema to become an accepted idea.
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Hibbert, Jeffrey D. "Room for Possibilities: James Joyce and the Rhetorical Work of Fiction." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2008. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/16019.
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EnglishPh.D.
The resurgence of interest in James Joyce's politics over the past decades reveals Joyce as a politically astute, if not active, writer. But Joyce's politics were never easily codifiable or traceable to a set of ideologically fixed positions. Instead, this dissertation argues, Joyce uses the novel as a space where political debate can be dramatized, and the novel becomes a form of deliberative rhetoric regarding future possibilities. For Joyce, the practices of rhetoric and aesthetics are complexly intertwined and interdependent, though they remain, in many ways, oppositional and contrary. Joyce and other modernist writers often viewed rhetoric as a discursive form that limited rather than expanded possibilities. But at other moments, Joyce presses rhetoric into the service of aesthetic (and vice-versa) since deliberative rhetoric and poetics (as defined by Aristotle) both attend to the possibilities of future action. This dissertation traces Joyce's evolution from a young socialist writer engaged in rhetorical experiments with the essay to his later dramatization of Irish political oratory in Ulysses. Joyce began his career as a self-described "socialist artist" in 1904, but would consciously eschew socialism within the next few years. This dissertation locates Joyce's early political rhetoric in his essay "A Portrait of the Artist" and the abandoned novel Stephen Hero as unconscious remainders reemerging in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. In the later text, aesthetics attempt to replace rhetoric as a means of creating radical materialist consciousness, but the later text also re-incorporates and reimagines its earlier incarnations. The earlier texts remain as "symptoms" around which the later is written. Drawing on the definitions of "symptom" in psychoanalytic and Marxist theoretical practice, this dissertation argues that A Portrait of the Artist functions as a text because it includes, even though it attempts to rewrite, the political and rhetorical work of its antecedents. In crafting the "Aeolus" chapter of Ulysses, Joyce returns to the art of rhetoric to dramatize the arguments surrounding Irish labor, politics, and language in 1904 Dublin. Unlike his work in A Portrait of the Artist, Joyce presents oratory as a staging ground for reasoned debate and discussion regarding the future course of Irish history. Whereas rhetoric was an unconscious remainder of socialist politics in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, rhetoric is consciously applied in the work of the characters in the episode who are preoccupied with the consequences of the Irish language movement and middle-class industrialization. This dissertation ultimately argues against positions that view rhetoric as a weak surrogate for aesthetics or as a discursive limitation that must be overcome for aesthetics to produce valuable contemplative effects. Aesthetics in Joyce's fiction has productive rhetorical purposes: to lead readers to contemplate false oppositions, consider the means by which history is produced, to attend to the process of political decision-making, and to deliberate about the consequences of actions.
Temple University--Theses
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Mekki, Fatma. "Psychoanalytic maps of driving behavior inspired from Zizekian psychoanalysis : Tunisian context." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL12006.
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L’insécurité routière est un problème de santé publique. Il n' y a pas de recherche qui a exploré la psychanalyse de Zizek pour comprendre le comportement du conducteur. Cette recherche est basée sur l'approche interdisciplinaire dans le cadre du mouvement "Transformative Social Marketing". La contribution théorique présente une nouvelle vision du comportement basée sur des concepts psychanalytiques de Slavoj Zizek pour comprendre le comportement du conducteur, comme une première en Théorie marketing. Elle présente trois groupes basés sur la triade Réel-Symbolique-Imaginaire qui oriente le comportement vers le respect/non respect du code de la route. La contribution méthodologique est "la carte psychanalytique" qui tient compte de la complexité du comportement. La contribution pratique est l'acte authentique, provenant du conducteur pour personnaliser le message adéquat dans sa voiture ainsi que le changer en utilisant la technologie "VANet" en tenant en compte de l'aspect routinier de l'acte de conduireThe disobedience of traffic rules is a public health problem. There is an absence of understanding driving behavior from Zizekian psychoanalysis. The general scope of this research is based on the interdisciplinary approach in a Transformative Social Marketing. The theoretical implication presents a new view of human behavior inspired from Zizekian psychoanalysis (based on "conscious/unconscious" in a continuous process, Real-Symbolic-Imaginary Triad, Reflexivity, Interpassivity, authentic act). Three groups (Pleasing, Care, Refuge) emerge from the Real-Symbolic-Imaginary Triad that orients behaviors to obey or disobey traffic rules. The methodological implication is the "psychoanalytic map" as a new methodological tool for more understanding the complexity of driving behavior. The practical implication is an authentic act, emerged from the driver, to choose a personalized message which changes after a period using VANet technology
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Barichello, Luigi 1979. "De um discurso que não fosse ideologia = contribuições para uma teoria lacaniana da ideologia." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/271106.
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Orientador: Nina Virgínia de Araújo LeiteTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo observar a relação entre discurso e ideologia a partir da possibilidade de leitura e desnaturalização do axioma que assevera que "todo discurso é ideológico". A existência de tal axioma reafirma a coextensão da ideologia a todas as esferas do cotidiano, até mesmo à possibilidade de negação do referido axioma (a qual, em si, já seria portanto igualmente ideológica). Tal consideração e escopo podem vir a suscitar a crença de que já que lidamos apenas com ficções simbólicas e nunca com a "realidade ela mesma", poderíamos abrir mão, assim, da própria crítica da ideologia. Essa afirmação totalizante é então interpelada nesse trabalho como forma de se atualizar a pertinência e alcance da leitura e crítica da ideologia, propondo-se uma análise atravessada pela psicanálise de orientação lacaniana, tendo por objetivo sublinhar a importância e validade daquilo que "falha" na articulação significante. E, ousamos dizer, na própria interpelação ideológica. Ao registro da ideologia, então, é aproximada a noção de fantasia oriunda da teoria psicanalítica, cuja possibilidade de vínculo fora proposta pelo filósofo esloveno Slavoj ¿i¿ek. Por vislumbrar o [des]encontro do efeito e produto da cadeia significante - respectivamente o sujeito e o objeto - o matema da fantasia se mostra frutífero em uma leitura da ideologia que tencione fazer comparecer à teorização não apenas o jogo significante, mas aquilo que nele é convocado e produzido. A inclusão do sujeito e do objeto abre então uma via profícua para a entrada da teoria dos discursos forjada por Jacques Lacan, uma vez que, em sua estruturação, estão postos, justamente, a articulação da cadeia significante, o sujeito e o objeto. A tomada do discurso convoca, por sua vez, a pertinência do gozo, o qual origina e também é visado pela movimentação discursiva, e cuja impossibilidade de acesso ao falante não é sem conseqüências, trazendo à cena a relação entre saber e verdade. E é na consideração de tais registros, pois, que residiria a pertinência de uma leitura da ideologia calcada não apenas na articulação da cadeia significante, mas naquilo que nela falha. Desse modo, entrevemos um passo a mais na crítica da ideologia, resgatando a possibilidade de "furo" no ideológico. E articulando, assim, uma possível contribuição para uma teoria lacaniana da ideologia
Abstract: This thesis aims to observe the relationship between discourse and ideology from the possibility of reading and questioning the axiom which holds that "all discourse is ideological". The existence of such axiom reaffirms the extension of ideology to all spheres of everyday life, even to the possibility of denying that axiom (which, in itself, would be equally ideological therefore). Such consideration and scope are likely to raise the belief that since we deal only with symbolic fictions and never with "reality itself," we could then give up of the critique of ideology itself. This totalizing claim is then challenged in this thesis as a way to update the relevance and scope of reading and critique of ideology, proposing an analysis considering the orientation of lacanian psychoanalysis in order to defend the importance and validity of what "fails" in the signifier articulation. And, dare we say, in the ideological interpellation itself. To ideology, then, is approximated the notion of fantasy originated in psychoanalytic theory, whose bond was proposed by Slovenian philosopher Slavoj ¿i¿ek. Glimpsing the [mis]match between the effect and product of the signifying chain - respectively the subject and object - the mathema of fantasy presents itself as a useful way on a reading of the ideology that intends to consider not only the significant chain, but also what is mustered and produced in it. The inclusion of the subject and the object then opens a fruitful path to the entrance of the discourse theory forged by Jacques Lacan, considering that in its structure are set precisely the articulation of the signifying chain, the subject and the object. The consideration of discourse, in turn, calls the relevance of enjoyment, which originates and is also addressed by the discursive movement, and whose inability to access for the speaker is not without consequences, bringing to scene, according to lacanian theory, the relationship between knowledge and truth. Therefore, it is in the consideration of such concepts that would lie the relevance of a reading of ideology grounded not only in the articulation of the signifying chain, but also in what fails in it. This way, we aim to provide a step further on the critique of ideology, recalling the importance of the "gaps" and the possibility of "punctures" in the ideological. Articulating thus a possible contribution to a lacanian theory of ideology
Doutorado
Linguistica
Doutor em Linguística
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Teeple, Jamie Eric. "A Multidisciplinary Normative Evaluation of Media as an Educational Institution." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1372859710.
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Tsoulou, Martha. "After postmodernism : contemporary theory and fiction." Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13753.
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There is a consensus today that we have witnessed the end of postmodernism in both fiction and theory. Due to contemporary fiction’s break with postmodernism being recent, little research has been done to outline the parameters of what exactly this break entails and its relationship to theory and current socio-political issues. The aim of this thesis is to attempt to differentiate between postmodernist fiction and contemporary fiction that was produced from the late 90’s up to today, outline its main characteristics and suggest alternative ways theory may be used to critically analyse fiction. We will be looking at how Habermas’s, Agamben’s, Žižek’s and Badiou’s theories, as well as, a reconsideration of some of Derrida’s and Baudrillard’s theories, can help elucidate certain aspects of contemporary fiction and vice versa. Some of the novelists that will be considered in this discussion are Paul Auster, Don DeLillo, Douglas Coupland, J G Ballard, Julian Barnes, Jonathan Coe and Michel Houellebecq due to their close association with postmodernism and its aftermath. The thesis is divided thematically in five chapters. In the first chapter we will be discussing the impact of 9/11 on contemporary fiction in relation to Derrida’s, Habermas’s, Baudrillard’s and Žižek’s responses to the attacks. The second chapter is concerned with notions of reality and its representations in contemporary fiction. It will be discussed how they differ from Baudrillard’s conceptualisation of hyperreality during postmodernity in light of Badiou’s and Žižek’s theory mainly. The realist/antirealist debate will also be addressed. The third chapter is a consideration of notions of subjectivity in both contemporary theory and fiction and how they may be said to differ from playful, schizophrenic representations of the subject during postmodernity. The fourth chapter is concerned with the return of the political in both theory and fiction after the supposed apoliticality of the postmodern novel, which we will also be addressing. The final chapter is an investigation of the re-emergence of the religious in contemporary culture, including the novel, which proves that the death of meta-narratives may not have been that final after all.
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Duprat, Laura del Rocío. "El funcionamiento de la crítica ideológica en las historietas de aventuras en Argentina de 1960 a 1983." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, 2013. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/4795.
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El presente trabajo busca realizar una crítica ideológica de los metadiscursos de
las historietas argentinas, de reconstruir la cadena de hechos y causas que dan origen al discurso crítico sobre las historietas argentinas, a la vez que trata de indagar el estado actual de la crítica. Retomamos para ello el pensamiento del filósofo esloveno Slavoj Žižek. Consideramos que los lineamientos teóricos del autodenominado marxista lacaniano, en torno a la crítica de la ideología, son los pertinentes para este estudio, ya que nos ofrece algunas de las claves para comprender los problemas más acuciantes de la actualidad. Si bien el fenómeno de la historieta, en Argentina, hace su aparición en las primeras décadas del siglo XX y alcanza masividad de público ya a partir de la década del ’30, el interés académico por dicha práctica discursiva se vuelve sensible recién a mediados de los años sesenta, en el contexto de la eclosión de los estudios sobre comunicación masiva.Fil: Duprat, Laura del Rocío. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales.
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Boyle, Kirk. "The Catastrophic Real: Late Capitalism and Other Naturalized Disasters." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1250625590.
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Dias, Brendali. "Uma crítica à lógica do capital da sociedade de consumo contemporânea: a contribuição da psicanálise lacaniana na perspectiva de Slavoj i ek." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17406.
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This project aims to criticize the logic of the consumption capitalism in the contemporary society. Our criticism takes as its major premise the harmfulness of the way this logic is kept through the promise of completeness and foreclosure of object a. The research was developed as from the Lacanian psychoanalytic theory based on Slavoj i ek, which makes use of it to propose a critical social and political theory against the dictates of the logic of capital. i ek points out that the logic of capital keeps itself as from a proposal which takes the subject to consider that it is impossible to escape this logic and with that becomes conniving with it to face the consumption as the only way to calm his/her afflictions. As a result of this pursuit to calm his/her afflictions, the subject is seduced by the promise of completeness, facing the offers for objects/goods as a way to feel welcomed by social through them, consuming indiscriminately. Based on i ek s arguments, who uses as a base for his criticism the Lacanian psychoanalytic theory, we discuss the place of the subject in this logic, and his/her alternatives to escape from it. We put in doubt the consumerism in capitalism, raising the inquiry about why the subject places himself/herself in such a complacent way towards this logic. We reflect, yet, on the use made by the capitalist system of the technologies associated to science, which have been presented by the media as capable of generating in subject a completeness state, which is never found, leading the society to severe pathologies. These pathologies, faced as symptom by psychoanalysis, are pointed out as rebellion against this logic. The symptom, therefore, manifests itself as a way for the subject to show his/her dissatisfaction with the logic of capital, being also the chance for the subject to escape from it. Finally, we introduce i ek s proposal to bring a political position of the subject against the impossible of the logic of capital to enable alternatives which turn possible escaping from this logic, placing the need to risk the impossible beyond the imposed by the logic of capital
Este trabalho pretende fazer uma crítica à lógica do capitalismo de consumo da sociedade contemporânea. Nossa crítica toma como premissa principal a nocividade da forma de manutenção desta lógica pela promessa de completude e foraclusão do objeto a. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir da teoria psicanalítica lacaniana à luz de Slavoj i ek, que dela se utiliza para propor uma teoria social e política crítica aos ditames da lógica do capital. i ek aponta que a lógica do capital se mantém a partir de uma proposta que leva o sujeito a considerar que há uma impossibilidade de escapar desta lógica e com isso torna-se conivente com ela ao encarar o consumo como única forma de aplacar suas angústias. Em conseqüência dessa busca de aplacar suas angústias, o sujeito é seduzido pela promessa de completude, encarando as ofertas de objetos/mercadorias como uma maneira de se sentir acolhido pelo social a partir delas, consumindo indiscriminadamente. A partir das colocações de i ek, que usa como base de sua crítica a teoria psicanalítica lacaniana, discutimos o lugar do sujeito nesta lógica, e suas alternativas para escapar dela. Problematizamos o consumismo no capitalismo, levantando um questionamento sobre o por quê de o sujeito se posicionar de maneira tão complacente diante dessa lógica. Refletimos, ainda, sobre o uso que o sistema capitalista faz das tecnologias aliadas à ciência, que têm sido apresentadas pela mídia como capazes de gerar um estado de completude, que nunca é encontrado, conduzindo a sociedade a graves patologias. Essas patologias, encaradas como sintoma pela psicanálise, são apontadas como revolta contra essa lógica. O sintoma, portanto, revelase como forma de o sujeito mostrar seu descontentamento com a lógica do capital, sendo também a chance de o sujeito escapar dela. Finalmente, apresentamos a proposta de i ek em fazer emergir um posicionamento político do sujeito contra o impossível da lógica do capital para possibilitar alternativas que permitam escapar desta lógica colocando a necessidade de se arriscar o impossível para além do imposto pela lógica do capital
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Scott-Coe, Justin M. "Covenant Nation: The Politics of Grace in Early American Literature." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgu_etd/45.
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The argument of this dissertation is that a critical reading of the concept of "covenant" in early American writings is instrumental to understanding the paradoxes in the American political concepts of freedom and equality. Following Slavoj Zizek's theoretical approach to theology, I trace the covenant concept in early American literature from the theological expressions and disputes in Puritan Massachusetts through Jonathan Edwards's Freedom of Will and the essays of Ralph Waldo Emerson, showing how the covenant theology of colonial New England dispersed into more "secular" forms of what may be called an American political theology. The first chapter provides an overview of recent attempts to integrate theology and theory, specifically comparing Jacques Derrida and Zizek to better understand the latter's theology of materialism which relies on as well as informs the Reformed Protestant covenantal dichotomy of grace and works. The second chapter establishes the complicated architecture of the covenant concept within seventeenth-century New England Reformed Protestantism, and uses church membership transcripts along with Ann Hutchinson court trial documents to demonstrate how this inherently unstable theology created unintended slippage between God's grace and mankind's works, resulting in a theological formulation remarkably open to Zizek's analysis of political ideology. The third chapter demonstrates how Jonathan Edwards, through his ingenious counter-argument in Freedom of Will, provides a theoretical foundation for an uneasy but necessary alignment of the covenants of works and grace, releasing the subjunctive potential of grace to operate through history as a predeterminer of meaning and, potentially, freedom. In the last chapter, I argue that Emerson finally converts the covenant from a politically conceptualized theological framework for radical grace into a personal institutionalization of grace itself. Stanley Cavell's exploration of Emerson's "constitution" in light of the covenant motif demonstrates the political (im)possibilities inherent in America's self-conceptions of personal liberty and civic equality. In the end, complexities inherent in the concept of the covenant, especially its creative failure to control the radical nature of "grace," are determinative factors in our contradictory American egalitarian ideals.
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Steedman, Joshua M. "“To Excite the Feelings of Noble Patriots:” Emotion, Public Gatherings, and Mackenzie’s American Rebellion, 1837-1842." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1564749335716258.
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Palm, Fredrik. "Det odödas analys : En studie av centralproblematiken i Slavoj Zizeks samhällsanalys." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Sociology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8250.
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This thesis examines the social theory of Lacanian philosopher Slavoj Žižek. It focuses on Žižek’s work between 1989 and 2006, and offers an interpretation based on a reading of three central concepts: the Other, fantasy, and the act. All these concepts occupy the intersection between Lacan’s three orders (Imaginary, Real, Symbolic), which in Žižek’s theory means that they express a tension shared by all social order. The first chapter approaches Žižek’s conception of “the social” through an introduction of the Lacanian concept of "the Other." Attention is paid to how (a) the Other is constitutively split between its role as a Symbolic network of signifiers, and its enigmatic (Real and Imaginary) capacity to support this Symbolic network; (b) a similar split marks several of Žižek’s Lacanian and Hegelian concepts. Moreover, the chapter contrasts Žižekian sociality with those of Giddens, Luhmann and Althusser. The second chapter gives an account of the topological place of fantasy in Žižek’s theory. Relating Žižek’s theory to Critical Theory, deconstruction and Deleuzian philosophy, fantasy is presented as a concept countering new forms of “bad infinity” (Hegel) in modern social theory. The third chapter links Žižek’s theory of the act to the theories of Judith Butler, Ernesto Laclau, and Alain Badiou. Commenting on Rex Butler’s brilliant reading of Žižek, the thesis argues that Butler’s definition of the act is too negative. Instead, the thesis proposes a definition which emphasises the act's productive dimension, insisting on how the act ultimately involves the transformation from masculine to feminine enjoyment. The last chapter critically observes the different treatments Lacan and Derrida receive in Žižek’s text. The argument concludes that the Žižekian text relapses into a "masculine logic of exception", insofar as it leaves Derrida’s phallus untouched, while treating Lacan as the only one lacking phallus.
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Smejkal, Jan. "Vliv organických aditiv na elektrochemické procesy ovlivňující parametry akumulátorů Zinek-vzduch." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-399516.
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The diploma thesis is focused on the study of the influence of selected organic additives on the properties and morphology of zinc deposit on the negative electrode when used in zinc-air accumulators. Organic additives have been selected based on the study of literature and previously done experiments. The deposition was made on the tin plate electrodes in a solution of 6 mol/l KOH saturated with ZnO with added additives. All chosen additives were studied with a focus on the morphology of zinc deposit and with regard to their ability to suppress dendritic growth. Zinc morphology was studied by using a Tescan Vega 3 electron microscope and a Rigaku MiniFlex HR 600 X-ray diffractometer.
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Oenema-Mostert, Christine Elina. "Orthopedagogische thuisbegeleiding voor gezinnen met een jong chronisch ziek kind." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University Library Groningen] [Host], 2006. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/297662791.
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Schirmer, Anderson. "Saindo dos armários? - a análise das políticas de identidade na formação da Parada do Orgulho GLBT de São Paulo: um contraponto pela psicanálise." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/18030.
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The São Paulo Gay, Lésbian, Bisexual, Transvestite and Transsexual LGBT Pride Parade, in a little less than 10 years in existence, has shown itself to be the largest expression of the Brazilian Homosexual Movement. The social image of the Gay Parade is expressed through the discourse for demands and the playful model of the celebration, which has divided public opinion and the militants. The demonstration aims to raise the visibility of the sexual identity which each category represents. In 1999 as Association was created to organize the event and to promote other same-sex inclusion policies within the framework of Politics of Identities. This dissertation aimed to characterize the discourse of the APOGLBT, articulating it with the theme of Politics of Identity and in addition, to undertake a critique of the Politics of Identity presenting a counterpoint through psychoanalysis. We will discuss how in the models of particular causes there is the risk to exclude the subject and how the taking of Identity with the political statute often reconstructs stereotypes (and new prejudices) and binds the Movement to the shackles of the agendas of the State and the Market. The theoretical reference used is Fredian-Lancanian, with recourse also to other psychoanalytical authors, mentioning Slavoj i ek in particular
A Parada do Orgulho de Gays, Lésbicas. Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais de São Paulo, em pouco mais de 10 anos de existência, mostra-se ser atualmente a maior expressão do Movimento Homossexual Brasileiro. A imagem social da Parada Gay é expressa entre o discurso reivindicatório e o modelo lúdico da celebração, o que tem dividido a opinião pública e os militantes. A manifestação busca dar visibilidade à identidade sexual que cada categoria representa. Em 1999 foi criada uma Associação para organizar o evento e promover outras políticas de homo-inclusão, dentro do arcabouço das Políticas de Identidades. Esta dissertação buscou caracterizar o discurso da APOGLBT, articulando-o com o tema das Políticas de Identidade e, além disto, fazer uma crítica às Políticas de Identidade apresentando um contraponto pela psicanálise. Discutiremos como nos modelos das causas particulares arrisca-se excluir o sujeito e como a tomada da Identidade com estatuto de política muitas vezes reconstrói estereótipos (e novos preconceitos) e enlaça o Movimento às amarras do agenciamento do Estado e do Mercado. O referencial teórico utilizado é Freudo-Lacaniano, recorrendo também a outros autores psicanalistas, com destaque para Slavoj i e
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Murdin, Alex. "Art in the public realm and the politics of rural leisure : access and environment." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/4301.
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Exploring both political aesthetics and the politics of aesthetics to outline an environmental ruralism for art in public spaces, this practice lead research project postulates a “complemental practice”, outlining its methodology and contexts for operation, the rural, spaces of leisure and the public realm. It is a response to threats to spatial and environmental commons from heritage, place-making and nostalgia, psychological inhibition such as a sense of global contingency and widespread economic exploitation. Responses by artists to this situation can be characterised as a binary of dialogism (Kester, 2004) and relational antagonism (Bishop, 2004), i.e. consensual/collaborative or antagonistic/autonomous practices. Informing both is the work of Jacques Rancière who theorises an ethical and social turn in the arts. Through both commissioned and self-initiated projects this thesis offers an interpretation of Jacques Rancière’s conception of dissensus (Rancière, 2010) modulated through an application of the work of philosopher Slajov Žižek on environmental politics and complementarity - the inscription of the universal within the particular (Žižek, 2011). The thesis’ originality lies in this theoretical synthesis which sets out a complemental practice based on dissensus and the undecidability of subject and context, but which dismisses any inflexible schema of either aesthetic autonomy or ethico-political egalitarianism. In addition it suggests an approach to practice in this field and a situation for this - a dissensual infrastructure for the common public realm which is socially relational and evolutionary over time.
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Sloup, Vladislav. "Vliv tasemnice (Hymenolepis diminuta) na bioakumulaci zinku v těle hostitele (Rattus norvegicus)." Doctoral thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-259687.
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This research investigates the ability of rat tapeworm (Hymenolepis diminuta) to accumulate zinc in tissue and the influence of its intake and excretion by its host (laboratory rat). The host was fed by food with zinc in two forms: 1) a mixture of standard food ST1 with hyperaccumulator plant Arabidopsis halleri, 2) ST1 mixture with zinc lactate, which is ordinarily used as a feed supplement for increasing zinc content and it is often included in human diet supplements. Rat control group fed by ST1 only was included in the experiment for verification of the difference. Rats were divided to six groups (OO, OT, RT, RO, MO a MT). Three rat groups were infected by rat tapeworm (OT, RT, MT) and three rat groups were not infected (OO, RO, MO). The control groups OO and OT were fed by ST1 only. RO and RT groups were fed by ST1 with admixture of Arabidopsis halleri and groups MO and MT were fed by ST1 with zinc lactate. Urine and excrements of the rats were collected twice a week during the experiment and their amounts were measured every day. The rats were weighted every week. At the end of the balance phase of the experiment rats were euthanized and seven selected tissues were removed (liver, kidney, spleen, small intestine, testis, muscle and bone). Rat tapeworm was removed from the infected rats. Blood was drawn from the rats. The results show that rat groups infected by the rat tapeworm had lower concentration of zinc in almost all analyzed tissues except for spleen, where the concentration of zinc was the same as in groups without the rat tapeworm. Based on the results the rat tapeworm also has an influence on the excretion of feces and urine.
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Luke, Nicholas Ian. "Shakespearean arrivals : the irruption of character." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bb8caacb-ef1c-471a-9d3d-9265b2766369.
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This thesis re-examines Shakespeare’s creation of tragic character through the concept of ‘arrivals’. What arrives is not an ‘individual’ but what I call a ‘subject’, which is a diffused dramatic process of arriving, rather than a self-contained entity that arrives in a final form. Not all characters are ‘subjects’. A subject only arrives through dramatic ‘events’ that rupture the existing structures of the play-world and the play-text. The generators of these irruptions are found equally in the happenings of plot and in changes of poetic intensity and form. The ‘subject’ is thus a supra- individual irruption that configures new forms of language, structure, and action. Accordingly, I explain why scrupulous historicism’s need for nameable continuums is incommensurate to the irruptive quality of Shakespearean character. The concepts of ‘process’, ‘subject’ and ‘event’ are informed by a variety of thinkers, most notably the contemporary French philosopher Alain Badiou. Badiou develops an ‘evental’ model of subjectivity in which the subject emerges in fidelity to a ‘truth- event’, which breaks into a situation from its ‘void’. Also important is the process- orientated philosophy of Bergson and Whitehead, which stresses that an entity is not a stable substance but a process of becoming. The underlying connection between the philosophers I embrace – also including the likes of Žižek, Kierkegaard, Latour, Benjamin, and Christian thinkers such as Saint Paul and Luther – is that they establish a creative alternative to the deadlock between treating the subject as either a stable substance (humanism) or a decentred product of its place in the world (postmodernism). The subject is not a pre-existing entity but something that comes to be. It is not reducible to its cultural and linguistic circumstances but is precisely what exceeds those circumstances. Such an excessive creativity is what gives rise to Shakespeare’s subjects and, I argue, underpins the continuing force of his drama. But it also produces profound dangers. In Shakespeare, ‘events’ consistently expose subjects to uncertainty, catastrophe, and horror. And these dangers imperil both the subject and the relationship between Shakespeare and the affirmative philosophy of the event.
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Törnqvist, Alexander. "Språkanvändning och förståelsekonstituering vid lärande : Ett studium om alternativ till den sociokulturella teorin inom pedagogik." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-132283.
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I denna uppsats avhandlas alternativ till det sociokulturella perspektivet inom lärande och språkutveckling om hur förståelse konstitueras. Denna syn på språket grundar sig i Ludwig Wittgensteins teorier om till exempel språkspel som utvecklat en språktradition som kallas fenomenografi. Det fenomenografiska perspektivet ta i beaktande den föregående lärandeprocessen i medvetandet om hur konceptualisering av förståelse konstitueras. Detta är vad som inom filosofin kallas intentionalitet. Språket kan inte förstås utifrån en förutbestämd vokabuläranvändning eller logiska ideal. Inlärning borde istället förstås utav hur språket används i en kontext i en konkret användning. Förståelse blir därför något som inte går att utforska utifrån sociala relationer eller ideala lösningar.
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Selig, Sandra. "The rhythmic disfiguration of vision : re-thinking subjectivity and art after minimalism." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1999.
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Mol, Annemarie Lieshout Peter van. "Ziek is het woord niet medicalisering, normalisering en de veranderende taal van huisartsgeneeskunde en geestelijke gezondheidszorg, 1945-1985 /." Amsterdam : Amsterdam University Press, 2008. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10314657.
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Lavi, Tali, and talilavi@netspace net au. "Tales of Ash: Phantom Bodies as Testimony in Artistic Representations of Terrorism." RMIT University. Creative Media, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080428.114445.
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This paper delves into the realms of tragedy, memory and representation. Drawing upon the phenomenon of the Phantom Limb and extending it towards a theory of Phantom Bodies, various artworks - literary, theatrical and visual - are examined. After the conflagration of the terrorist attack, how are these absences grieved over and remembered through artistic representation? The essay examines this question by positioning itself amongst the scarred landscapes of post-September 11 New York and suicide bombings in Israel (2000-2006). Furthermore, it investigates whether humanity can be restored in the aftermath of an event in which certain individuals have sought to eradicate it. The fragmentation of the affected body in these scenarios is understood as further complicating processes of grief and remembrance. Artists who reject political polemic and engage with the dimensions of human loss are seen to have discovered means of referring to the absence caused by the act of terrorism. Three such recurring representations present themselves: ash and remnants, presence/absence and memory building. Phantom Bodies are perceived as simultaneously functioning as a reminder of the event itself, insisting upon the response of bearing witness, and as a symbol of the overwhelming power of humanity. Challenges arise when individuals or sections of the affected society deem these artworks to be inappropriate or explicit. Works considered include: Neil LaBute's play The Mercy Seat, Sigalit Landau's art installation The Country, Jonathan Safran Foer's Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close, Spike Lee's 25th Hour, Daniel Libeskind's architectural plans for the World Trade Center site, Eric Fischl's sculpture 'Tumbling Woman', Honor Molloy's autodelete://beginning dump of physical memory and A.B.Yehoshua's A Woman in Jerusalem. The accompanying play, Tales of Ash: A diptych for the theatre, is set in Melbourne, New York and Tel Aviv and deals with life in the face of and after terror. It veers between naturalism, poetic monologue and the epic. Tales of Ash contains two plays. The first centres on Mia, a young sculptor living in New York, who loses both her lover and her creativity on September 11. Upon returning to her home in Melbourne, she finds familial bonds still entwined with guilt and family trauma. The second play revolves around Ilana and Benny, two people living in Tel Aviv, who find themselves suddenly thrust together after a devastating bombing. As they attempt to resume rhythms of life, in the face of all the inherent ferocity of a modern existence in Israel, the struggle between The Ash Woman and The Ash Takers escalates.
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Jungová, Michaela. "Vliv dlouhodobého hnojení travního porostu na obsah rizikových prvků v půdě." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316001.
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The long-term Steinach Grassland Experiment is probably one of the oldest still-running fertilised grass experiments in continental Europe. The experiment was established on an alluvial meadow Alopecurus pratensis in southeastern Germany in 1933. The meadow was divided into 75 plots and fertilised with both mineral and organic fertilisers of differing compositions and amounts.
The aim of this study was to provide more detailed information about the effects of long-term fertilisation by natrium (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on the contents of risk elements in soil.
The effects of long-term fertilisation were investigated in the extracts of a) plant-available elements (extraction of CaCl2), b) easily mobilised elements (extraction of EDTA), c) potentially mobilisable elements (extraction of HNO3), the total concentration of elements (extraction of Aqua regia).
Concentrations of risk elements As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in the soil profile has increased substantially due to the phosphorus fertilisation; however, the limits for total trace elements concentration as set by the Czech legislation have been exceeded only twice, namely in the case of As and Cd. The total concentration of As (AsT) has been exceeded only once, on the plot fertilised only by nitrogen. The assumption is that that the increased level of AsT fraction in soil was probably caused in the past by fertilising with Thomas slag which is known to contain elevated concentrations of As. However, fertilising with the phosphorus-containing fertilisers has had the opposite effect on concentrations of Mn, Ni and Zn that are easily available to plants; concentrations of these elements in the soil extraction were substantially higher. In spite of the overall concentrations of Cd being lower than the Czech legislative standards, the results on several plots fertilised by mineral and organic fertilisers containing N, P and K showed higher concentrations of Cd and in one case reached the limit value. Plots fertilised by mineral fertilisers N160P44K174 (NH4)2SO4 recorded higher Cr concentrations.
In overview, it could be stated that under various types of fertilising no substantial effects of long-term fertiliser applications on a higher content of risk elements in soil has been detected. Only two plots have exceeded the limits set by Notice 13/1994 Sb., in one case it was a total concentration of As and in another one that of Cd.
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Ročňáková, Ivana. "Vlastnosti a in vitro degradace kovových biodegradabilních materiálů." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-263355.
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Biodegradable metallic materials for medical applications have received considerable attention in recent years. The main reason is that they provide high potential for fabrication of temporal orthopedic implants such as bone fixation devices. Magnesium is an excellent candidate for fabrication of biodegradable implants due to its biocompatibility, mechanical properties similar to human bone and relevance for biological body functions. The fast degradation rate of magnesium and its biodegradable alloys in physiological environment limits its clinical application. Another attractive material in the field of biodegradable materials is zinc, which is among the essential elements in human body. Zinc exhibits an excellent corrosion resistance, and inferior biocompatibility compared to with magnesium. Hence, surface modification to form a hard, dense/porous, biocompatible and corrosion resistant modified layer has become an interesting topic in magnesium base biomaterials. Since hydroxyapatite is well tolerated by living organisms and in addition, improves the bone growth, it appears to be excellent candidate for such coatings on surface of biodegradable materials (e.g. Mg, Zn). This thesis is focused on comparison of corrosion behavior of pure non ferrous metals (Mg, Zn) and metals coated with hydroxyapatite, in simulated body fluids. The present approach is the use of modified atmospheric plasma spray technology to produce the hydroxyapatite coatings – suspension spraying. Composition and structure of the coatings and corrosion products were studied by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive microanalyzer and X-ray diffraction. Corrosion of Mg and Zn samples was monitored by weight loss and determined by X ray and micro-tomography. The application of the HA coating resulted in decrease of corrosion rate of pure Mg. The corrosion rate of coated Mg samples was lower by 27,3 % in comparison with the corrosion rate of pure non coated Mg. Corrosion degradation of uncoated and coated Zn samples was minimal. The aplication of HA on the non ferrous surface appears to be a very promising method to improve corrosion and biological properties of these biodegradable materials.
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Rae, Allan. "The age of the screen : subjectivity in twenty-first century literature." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24044.
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The screen, as recent studies in a number of fields indicate, is a cultural object due for critical reappraisal. Work on the theoretical status of screen objects tends to focus upon the materialisation of surface; in other words, it attempts to rethink the relationship between the supposedly 'superficial' facade and the 'functional' object itself. I suggest that this work, while usefully chipping away at the dichotomy between the 'superficial' and the 'functional', can lead us to a more radical conclusion when read in the context of subjectivity. By rethinking the relationship between the surface and the obverse face of the screen as the terms of a dialectic, we can ‘read’ the screen as the vital component in a process which constitutes the Subject. In order to demonstrate this, I analyse productions of subjectivity in literary texts of the twenty-first century — in doing so, I assume the novel as nonpareil arena of the dramatisation of subjectivity — and I propose a reading of the work of Jacques Lacan as hitherto unacknowledged theorist par excellence of the form and function of the screen. Lacan describes, with the function of desire and the formation of the screen of fantasy, the primary position this ‘screen-form' inhabits in the constitution of the Subject. Lacan’s work forms a critical juncture through which we must proceed if we are to properly read and understand the chosen texts: The Book of Strange New Things by Michel Faber; The Tain by China Miéville; Oryx and Crake by Margaret Atwood; and Austerlitz by W.G. Sebald. In each text, I analyse the particular materialisations of the screen and interrogate the constitution of the subject and the locus of desire. By analysing the vicissitudes of subjectivity in these texts, I make a claim for the study of the screen as constituting a central question in the field of contemporary literature.
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Kvapilová, Vendula. "Vliv uvolňování zinku při slinování na permeabilitu/indukčnost feritové keramiky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444216.
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The diploma thesis is focused on the investigation of the effect of zinc release during ferritic sintering on the permeability/inductance of ferrite ceramics. The theoretical part deals with the position of ferrites among other ceramic materials. It describes the basic characteristics of ferrites, their crystal structure and finally the problems that are directly related to their production and which fundamentally affect the magnetic properties of ferrites. In the second part of the work, the influence of the temperature and time of sintering and the position of the cores in the furnace during firing on the loss of zinc from the sample and subsequently on the electromagnetic properties of the prepared test specimens from industrial raw material mixtures was investigated. These are initial experiments, which will be followed by further research aimed at eliminating the problem of zinc loss in the production of Mn-Zn ferrites.
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LUSTOSA, Maria Anita Vieira. "O princípio filosófico/educativo do sujeito no contexto do capitalismo tardio: abordagem na filosofia de Žižek." www.teses.ufc.br, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/14383.
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LUSTOSA, Maria Anita Vieira. O princípio filosófico/educativo do sujeito no contexto do capitalismo tardio: abordagem na filosofia de Žižek. 2015. 122f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2015.Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-08T14:33:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_tese_mavlustosa.pdf: 1097341 bytes, checksum: 5fb1f27750350b08228a205ad720b9cf (MD5)
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Aborda-se nessa pesquisa a problemática sujeito e educação no contexto do capitalismo contemporâneo, sob a óptica do filósofo esloveno Slavoj Žižek, autor que se ancora na tradição da Filosofia moderna, especialmente em Hegel e na psicanálise lacaniana, para pensar a condição do sujeito na contemporaneidade em meio ao complexo de complexos da realidade atual, com suas lacunas, reificações e contradições implícitas. Ante o exposto, se delineia como objetivo geral desta pesquisa, o exame da problemática do sujeito e da educação na perspectiva zizekiana, na lógica de funcionamento do capitalismo global contemporâneo, buscando perceber as implicações das ideologias disseminadas pelas mais variadas instâncias de capturação da subjetividade no atual sistema na constituição de possíveis sujeitos agentes da transformação social. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa configura-se em um estudo do tipo bibliográfico, no qual elegeu o aporte teórico principal - as obras descritas, a saber: O Ano em que Sonhamos Perigosamente (2012a); Vivendo no Fim dos Tempos (2012b); Mitologia, Loucura e Riso: a subjetividade no idealismo alemão (2012c); ro como Tragédia Depois como Farsa (2011b); Arriscar o Impossível: conversas com Žižek (2006); Como Ler Lacan (2010) e O Sujeito Incômodo (2009). Apresentam-se, ainda, outras fontes de análises também utilizadas como material de consulta - conferências, palestras e entrevistas em que Žižek trabalha a problemática em foco. Dentre as conclusões desta investigação, destaca-se o fato de que o sujeito constitui experiência inacabada, não transparente e, muito menos, meramente acessível ao simples observar cotidiano; envolto em uma espécie de loucura enigmática, alicerçada no cogito e na subjetividade, o que assenta o sujeito no campo de uma experiência de interpretação difícil, inserindo-o, portanto, numa dimensão paralática.
On présente dans cette recherche la problématique sujet et éducation dans le cadre du capitalisme contemporain, du point de vue du philosophe slovène Slavoj Žižek, auteur qui va de pair avec la tradition de la Philosophie moderne, particulièrement avec Hegel et avec la psychanalyse lacanienne, pour penser à la condition du sujet dans la contemporanéité au milieu du complexe de complexes de la réalité actuelle, avec ses trous, réifications et contradictions implicites. Compte tenu de ce qui précède, l’analyse de la problématique du sujet et de l’éducation sous perspective zizekienne se profile comme l’objectif général de cette recherche, dans le cadre de fonctionnement du capitalisme global contemporain, en ambitionnant apercevoir les implications des idéologies disséminées par des plusieurs instances de captations de la subjectivité sous le système actuel dans la constitution de possibles sujets agents de la transformation sociale. Méthodologiquement, la recherche est conçue comme une étude du type bibliographique, laquelle a élu la contribution théorique principale - les oeuvres ci-décrites: O Ano em que Sonhamos Perigosamente (2012a); Vivre la Fin des Temps (2012b); Mythologie, Folie et Rire: Subjectivité dans l’idéalisme allemand (2012c); Après la Tragédie, la Farce! (2011b); Arriscar o Impossível: conversas com Žižek (2006); Comment Lire Lacan (2010) et Le Sujet qui Fâche (2009). On présente encore d’autres sources d’analyses aussi utilisées comme matériel de consultation – conférences, exposés et entretiens où Žižek travaille cette problématique. Parmi les conclusions de cette enquête, il est convenable de souligner le fait que le sujet constitue une expérience inachevée, non transparente et, encore moins, purement accessible au moindre regard quotidien; couvert d’une sorte de folie énigmatique, fondée sur le cogito et sur la subjectivité, ce qui fait le sujet reposer sur le domaine d’une expérience d’interprétation assez difficile, en l’introduisant, donc, dans une dimension parallactique.
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Ryšťák, Jaroslav. "Objemové materiály na bázi Zn a Mg pro biomedicínské aplikace." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376786.
Full textAbstract:
Topic of the diploma thesis is Zn-Mg bulk material preparation by powder mixtures sintering at hot pressing. Structure, porosity and physically mechanical properties of prepared bulk materials were evaluated. Obtained results and their interpretation were served as feedback for following optimization of individual processing parameters of bulk materials preparation. Solution of diploma thesis is focused on study and control of processes during bulk material preparation and processes description from physical-chemical point of view with respect to structure creation and final material properties.
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Remešová, Michaela. "Technologie galvanické anodizace neželezných kovů a slitin." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231773.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis is focused on the theoretical description of the technology of anodizing of aluminium, magnesium, zinc and their alloys. In this work, methods for formation of oxide layers and the used chemical processes are described in detail. The experimental part of this work deals with formation of oxide layers on aluminium, magnesium and zinc of high purity under different conditions. Oxide layers of different thicknesses were created on all three experimental materials. Aluminium was anodized in a bath of 10% H2SO4, magnesium in the bath of 1 mol/dm3 NaOH, and zinc in the bath of 0.5 mol/dm3 NaOH. Processes were carried out at laboratory temperature. On the aluminium, continuous oxide layer was formed. Furthermore rule "312" was verified, that can indicatively be used for calculating the thickness of the resulting oxide layer on the aluminium. When using lower current of 0.08 and 0.2 A for magnesium anodizing, dark colored layer was created comparing to higher current of 0.5 A. More rough appearance of the oxide layer was produced with increasing voltage. Further, it was observed for magnesium that the resulting layer comprises of two sublayers. For zinc, black colored layer was created when the voltage 20 V and current from 0.4 to 0.5 A were used. In the layer, two sublayers were also observed. For lower voltage and current (0.05 A, 0.17 V), formation of the oxide layer on the zinc does not occur, but the crystallographic etching was observed.