Journal articles: 'Zink coating'

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Yemelyanov, S. N., V. P. Berezienko, and A. O. Koroteyev. "Spot welding with the application of copper foil for the preservation of zink coating." Вестник Белорусско-Российского университета, no. 4 (2009): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.53078/20778481_2009_4_76.

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SUZUKI, Daisuke, Sachio YOSHIHARA, and Takashi SHIRAKASHI. "Development of the Electrochemical Coating Method of the Zink Oxide Photocatalytic Film Containing Nano Particulate Titanium Oxide." Electrochemistry 73, no. 7 (July 5, 2005): 481–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5796/electrochemistry.73.481.

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Chen, Cheng Zhou, Wei Ze Wang, and Kai Di Cheng. "A Comparative Study on the Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Coatings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 853 (September 2016): 441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.853.441.

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The vessel containing sulfur particles has been found failing due to the effect of corrosion and erosion by the sulfur particles. Several coatings, including zinc-aluminum coating, wear-resistance painting and two kinds of polymer, have been provided to resist the negative influence of sulfur in the present study. The wear and corrosion resistance of the selected coatings has been measured to study the performance difference. Impact test has also been done to investigate the bonding condition of coatings under the impact or bending load. The microstructure of coatings before and after wear test is observed by the Optical Microscope (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The experiment results reveal that one of the polymer coatings shows the best performance in the corrosion resistance, another polymer coating’s wear resistance is better than others. The coatings are bonded well with the substrate except the zinc-aluminum coating. The performance of painting is ordinary in this investigation.

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Gusarova, A. V., A. V. Chumaevskii, A. P. Zykova, D. A. Gur’yanov, K. N. Kalashnikov, and N. A. Kalashnikova. "Features of the copper-zink coating structure formation on the surface of aluminum alloys during the friction stir processing." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika, no. 7 (2020): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/00213411/63/7/66.

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Wang, Dailin, Elzbieta Sikora, and Barbara Shaw. "A Comparison of the Corrosion Response of Zinc-Rich Coatings with and Without Presence of Carbon Nanotubes Under Erosion and Corrosion Conditions." Corrosion 74, no. 11 (July 30, 2018): 1203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/2743.

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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests were conducted on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) enriched zinc-rich epoxy coating and a commercial zinc-rich coating. Coating performances were examined after exposure to a corrosive environment (a CO2 saturated aqueous electrolyte with 2,000 ppm chloride concentration and pH 3.5 to 5.3) at an elevated temperature of 60°C. The coatings’ response after solid particle impingement erosion was also studied. Equivalent circuit models were proposed to elucidate the degradation mechanisms of the zinc-rich coatings under the synergic effect of corrosion and erosion. Results showed that the addition of CNTs into zinc-rich coatings provided better barrier protection for the steel substrate than traditional zinc-rich coatings in the noneroding environment. However, the CNT-filled zinc-rich epoxy coatings did not provide adequate protection when the coated specimens were exposed to an erosive and corrosive environment. CNTs could help with maintaining continuous electrical paths within zinc-rich coatings; however, the conductivity of the coating decreased significantly when zinc particles were partially oxidized. When defects caused by erosion are present in the coatings, CNTs may form galvanic couples with the steel and thus increase the corrosion rate of steel substrate.

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Benrashid, Ramazan, and Gordon L. Nelson. "Synergistic Fire Performance Between Metal or Metal Filled Organic Coatings and Engineering Plastics." Journal of Fire Sciences 11, no. 5 (September 1993): 371–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073490419301100501.

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Metal filled organic and EMI coatings affect the fire performance properties of engineering plastics. Zinc arc spray, zinc/epoxy, and zinc borate/epoxy coatings on modified-polyphenylene oxide (m-PPO) are particu larly effective. The results from non-flaming NBS smoke chamber tests show a dramatic reduction in smoke for zinc and zinc borate coatings, whereas a ZnO coating did not show the same effect. Heat release data (Radiant Panel) for these samples show lower Q values for zinc, zinc borate coatings compared to m-PPO, epoxy coated m-PPO and ZnO epoxy coated m-PPO. The Fs values for zinc and zinc borate coatings are low compared to a m-PPO control and ZnO coated m-PPO. Polycarbonate structural foam sheet was coated with epoxy coatings filled with zinc, zinc borate, or ZnO. NBS Smoke Chamber data in the non-flaming mode for zinc or ZnO coatings do not show an improvement in smoke produc tion, but a zinc borate epoxy coating does have a reductive effect on smoke. Ra diant Panel Q was low for all coated samples compared to a control. Fs values also were low for coated samples. From OSU heat release data the zinc borate/epoxy coating shows a low heat release rate and the zinc/epoxy coating a much delayed heat release rate. Data for smoke (2 min) was low for coated samples compared to a control, but for smoke (peak) only zinc borate demon strated the potential for significant smoke reduction.

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Klekotka, Marcin, Katarzyna Zielińska, Alicja Stankiewicz, and Michal Kuciej. "Tribological and Anticorrosion Performance of Electroplated Zinc Based Nanocomposite Coatings." Coatings 10, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10060594.

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This paper presents the results of corrosion and tribological analysis of pure and nanocomposite zinc coatings. Coatings were electroplated using commercially available products—zinc acidic bath and a nanoparticle carrying plating additive. Electrochemical measurements were carried out to compare the anticorrosion performance of coatings. An investigation into the influence of nanoparticles on the mechanical properties was performed. The zinc nanocomposite coating exhibited better wear resistance and higher hardness than the plain zinc coating. The application of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) allowed the detailed description of friction/wear marks. The electrochemical studies revealed that the introduction of nanoparticles into the coating did not compromise its protective properties—a similar resistance of plain and nanocomposite coatings to corrosion was obtained.

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Jędrzejczyk, Dariusz, and Wojciech Skotnicki. "Comparison of the Tribological Properties of the Thermal Diffusion Zinc Coating to the Classic and Heat Treated Hot-Dip Zinc Coatings." Materials 14, no. 7 (March 28, 2021): 1655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14071655.

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The presented studies are focused on the wear resistance and friction coefficient changes of the thermal diffusion (TD) zinc coating deposited on steel. The aim of research was to evaluate the variation in coating properties during dry friction as a result of the method of preparation of the basis metal. The measured properties were compared to those obtained after classic hot-dip (HD) zinc galvanizing—heat treated and untreated. Thermal diffusion zinc coatings were deposited in industrial conditions (according to EN ISO 17668:2016-04) on disc-shaped samples. The results obtained during the tribological tests (T11 pin-on-disc tester) were analysed on the basis of microscopic observations (with the use of optical and scanning microscopy), EDS (point and linear) analysis and microhardness measurements. The obtained results were similar to effects observed after heat treatment of HD zinc coating. The conducted analysis proved that the method of initial steel surface preparation results in changes in the coating’s hardness, friction coefficient and wear resistance.

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Wang, Jingtao, Yuhong Qi, Xu Zhao, and Zhanping Zhang. "Electrochemical Investigation of Corrosion Behavior of Epoxy Modified Silicate Zinc-Rich Coatings in 3.5% NaCl Solution." Coatings 10, no. 5 (April 30, 2020): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050444.

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In order to develop waterborne silicate anticorrosive coatings to replace solvent-based anticorrosive coatings used widely in the shipping industry, epoxy modified silicate emulsions were synthesized with different contents of epoxy resin, then aqueous silicate zinc-rich coatings were prepared with the synthesized silicate emulsion, triethylamine, and zinc powder. The influence of the content of epoxy on the properties and chemical structure of the modified emulsion, mechanical properties of the silicate coatings, and corrosion behavior of the silicate zinc-rich coatings in 3.5% NaCl solution were investigated. The coating samples on steel were measured by the immersion test, Tafel polarization test, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test with different immersion times. The results showed that epoxy modified silicate emulsions were successfully synthesized. With the increase in epoxy content, the viscosity and solid content of the modified emulsion increased, the impact resistance of the silicate coating rose, the pencil hardness decreased, but the adhesion was not affected. Epoxy modification can reduce, to a certain extent, the corrosion driving force of the zinc rich coating and increase the impedance of the zinc-rich coating, which decreases with the increase of immersion time in 3.5% NaCl solution. With the increase in the epoxy content, the impedance value of the zinc-rich coating increases, indicating that the ability of the coating to resist corrosive media is enhanced.

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Pei, He Zhong, Pan Huang, Qing Nan Shi, Guo Liang Zhang, and Xue Li. "Research to the Corrosion Resistance of the Alkaline Zinc-Nickel Alloy Plates." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 1756–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.1756.

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The zinc-nickel alloy coatings were electrodeposited by changing the concentration of the NiSO4 • 6H2O in the plating bath. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the coating’s surface morphology. The EDS was applied to test the coating’s nickel content. The corrosion resistance was studied by using the Tafel curves, AC impedance spectra and the neutral salt spray test. The results showed that: The coating’s nickel content could reach 12.56% when the NiSO4 • 6H2O concentration was 8g/L in the bath and the coating was very smooth, dense and bright. Its corrosion potential was low and its corrosion reaction resistance was best with red rust time up to 46d, so it had good corrosion resistance. But when the NiSO4 • 6H2O concentration was changed, the coatings’ corrosion resistance would be more or less changed.

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Kania, Henryk, Mariola Saternus, Jan Kudláček, and Jakub Svoboda. "Microstructure Characterization and Corrosion Resistance of Zinc Coating Obtained in a Zn-AlNiBi Galvanizing Bath." Coatings 10, no. 8 (August 3, 2020): 758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10080758.

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The article examines the impact of the addition of Al, Ni, and Bi to a zinc bath on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of hot dip galvanizing coatings. The microstructure on the surface and the cross-section of the coatings obtained in the Zn-AlNiBi bath were examined. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was assessed by the standard neutral salt spray test (EN ISO 9227), the sulfur dioxide test in a humid atmosphere (EN ISO 6988), and the electrochemical test. The corrosion resistance of Zn-AlNiBi coatings was compared with the corrosion resistance of coatings attained in the bath of “pure” zinc. The corrosion tests showed higher corrosion wear of the coating obtained in the Zn-AlNiBi bath and a higher value of the corrosion current density for this coating. It was found that the cause of the reduction of the corrosion resistance of the coating, in contrast to the coating obtained in the “pure” zinc bath, may be the presence of bismuth precipitates in the coating, which may form additional corrosion cells.

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Kania and Sipa. "Microstructure Characterization and Corrosion Resistance of Zinc Coating Obtained on High-Strength Grade 10.9 Bolts Using a New Thermal Diffusion Process." Materials 12, no. 9 (April 29, 2019): 1400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12091400.

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The article presents the results of research on the application of innovative thermal diffusion zinc coating technology with the recirculation of the reactive atmosphere to high-strength grade 10.9 bolts. The innovation of this method consists in the introduction of reactive atmosphere recirculation and the application of coating powder mix which contains zinc powder and activator. Recirculation of the reactive atmosphere ensures its uniform composition, while the presence of an activator intensifies the process of saturating steel surface with zinc, which boosts the efficiency of active agents. Coatings were created at 440 °C and a heat soaking time of 30–240 min. Coating structure (SEM) was exposed, chemical composition in microsites (EDS) was defined, and coating phase structure (XRD) was identified. The kinetics of coating growth were defined. It was found that the increment of coating thickness was controlled by square root of soaking time. Coatings obtained using innovative thermal diffusion zinc coating technology had a two-layer structure. At the substrate, a compact layer of phase Γ1 (Fe11Zn40) was created, which was covered with a layer of phase δ1 (FeZn10). The new method of thermal diffusion zinc coating will alow for the creation of coatings of very good corrosion resistance while maintaining strength properties of bolts defined as strength class 10.9.

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Nowicka-Nowak, Marzena, Małgorzata Zubielewicz, Henryk Kania, Piotr Liberski, and Maria Sozańska. "Influence of Hot-Dip Galvanised Coating Morphology on the Adhesion of Organic Coatings Depending on the Zinc Bath Pb Content and the Postgalvanising Cooling Method." International Journal of Corrosion 2018 (July 2, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2102086.

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Hot-dip galvanised coatings used either alone or with an organic coating (duplex system) constitute an effective anticorrosion protection. Adhesion between the coating and the zinc substrate plays a vital role in the durability of the duplex system. Conditions of the galvanising process and alloying additives incorporated into the zinc bath influence mechanical and protective properties as well as thickness, structure, and surface morphology of the zinc coatings. The influence of the surface morphology of zinc coatings on the adhesion of organic coatings was studied. The tests were carried out on zinc coatings produced in baths with varying Pb content and by employing various cooling methods after the galvanising process. It was noted that a rapid cooling in water produces zinc coatings with a fine-grain structure, more suitable for paint application compared to the air-cooled ones, with a spangle.

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Laptev, A. B., L. I. Zakirova, and M. L. Degovets. "PROPERTIES OF PROTECTIVE GALVANIC COATINGS FOR REPLACEMENT OF CADMIUM ON STEEL FIXING PARTS (review) Part 2. Hydrogen embrittlement and frictional characteristics." «Aviation Materials and Technologies», no. 4 (2020): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18577/2071-9140-2020-0-4-35-40.

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The paper considers the options for replacing the electroplated single-layer toxic cadmium coatings with zinc-based compositions, as well as multi-layer coatings. Their tribological characteristics and tendency to hydrogenation of the protected metal during coating and operation are considered. Conclusions are drawn about the shortcomings of existing technologies and promising directions of research in this area. Thus, the most preferred composition for replacing a cadmium coating is a nickel-zinc coating with nickel content of 12% (by weight), but a tin-zinc coating has the lowest value of the coefficient of friction, close to the value for cadmium.

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Rodina, A. A., K. E. Dobychina, and O. S. Bondareva. "Changing the structure and properties of hot-dip zinc coatings using diffusion annealing." Vektor nauki Tol'yattinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 4 (2020): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18323/2073-5073-2020-4-25-33.

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Zinc coatings are widely used to protect steel goods from corrosion. The physics of methods of zinc applying to steel determines the coating morphology. Hot-dip zinc and thermodiffusion coatings are produced on steel by a diffusion mechanism and contain intermetallic phases according to the Fe-Zn diagram; however, they have different phase morphology, corrosion resistance, and consequently, different operating corrosive media. Thermodiffusion coatings have the highest corrosion resistance. However, their applying technique imposes a restraint on the dimensions of goods due to the small size of a chamber, and it requires much more time (several hours) compared to hot-dip zinc coatings applying for several minutes. In this respect, the authors suggest using the diffusion annealing of hot-dip galvanized goods to produce the entire intermetallic structure of the coating. The goal of the paper was to study the influence of the diffusion annealing modes on the microstructure and properties of hot-dip zinc coatings. The study showed the changes in the microstructure and elemental composition of the zinc coating phases as the result of soaking at the temperatures of 500 and 600 °С for 5 and 10 minutes. The authors researched the influence of annealing modes on the porosity of a coating and its microhardness. The coatings were quickly tested for corrosion resistance in the initial state and after thermal treatment. As a result of diffusion annealing, zinc coating becomes completely intermetallic, more homogeneous; its chemical composition becomes uniform. The study identified that to obtain the balance of physical-mechanical and technological properties, it is recommended to use the diffusion annealing mode with a temperature of 500 °С and soaking in a furnace for 5 minutes.

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Huang, Guosheng, Xiangbo Li, and Lukuo Xing. "Corrosion behavior of low pressure cold sprayed Zn-Ni composites coating." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 63, no. 6 (November 7, 2016): 461–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-11-2014-1470.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the performance of low-pressure cold-sprayed zinc–nickel (Zn-Ni) composites coating, i.e. whether it has the same performance as Zn-Ni alloy coating. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, Zn-Ni composites coatings containing four different nickel contents were prepared with commercial DYMET 413 low-pressure cold spraying system under the same parameters. Corrosion behaviors of four kinds of coatings were examined with potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods, combined with scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Findings Corrosion behavior of Zn-Ni composites coating is similar to Zn-Ni alloy coating. In the early stages of immersion, the anodic dissolution of zinc happens, which results in the formation of a zinc hydroxide layer. With the continuous infiltration of chloride ion, zinc hydroxide will get converted to zinc oxide, basic zinc chloride and basic zinc carbonate. The presence of nickel in coatings can prevent zinc hydroxide from converting into zinc oxide. Research limitations/implications Further research should be done on improving the deposition efficiency, as the deposition efficiency of low-pressure cold spray is lower than 30 per cent. Practical implications Low-pressure cold spray coating can be used in cyclic dry/wet conditions to prolong the life of a steel structure. Social implications Low-pressure cold spray Zn-Ni coating is an environmentally friendly anticorrosion method which can be used as an alternative of hexavalent chromium passivation coating. Originality/value Zn-Ni composite coating can be deposited on steel directly by low-pressure cold spray by mechanically mixing the powders together. The composite coating also has the same long-term anticorrosion performance as Zn-Ni alloy coating.

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Liberski, Piotr, Konrad Migacz, and Bartosz Chmiela. "The Influence of the Thickness of a Rebar on the Growth Kinetics and Structure of Hot Dip Zinc Coatings." Solid State Phenomena 246 (February 2016): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.246.91.

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In the paper the results of tests on obtaining zinc coatings on reinforcing steel are presented. The coatings were obtained in a zinc bath on B500SP rebars of various diameters. The structure of coatings obtained on rebars with the diameter of 12, 16, 20 and 32 mm has been developed. The chemical composition of structural components of the coating has been established. The growth kinetics of coatings obtained in the traditional galvanizing process at the temperature of 450°C has been established and the impact of the rebar diameter upon the coating growth curve has been defined. The obtained coatings are continuous and they are quite thick. Moreover, it has been determined that an increase in the rebar thickness induces an increase in the coating thickness.

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Kania, Henryk, Mariola Saternus, and Jan Kudláček. "Structural Aspects of Decreasing the Corrosion Resistance of Zinc Coating Obtained in Baths with Al, Ni, and Pb Additives." Materials 13, no. 2 (January 14, 2020): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13020385.

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The article presented the results of tests determining the synergistic effect of Al, Ni, and Pb additions on a zinc bath on the structure and corrosion resistance of coatings obtained on low silicon steel. Analyzed coatings were produced on S235JRG2 steel with Si content of 0.02 mass%. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was compared with the corrosion resistance of the coating obtained in the "pure" zinc bath. Structure at high magnifications (SEM) was determined, as well as coating thickness and chemical composition in microspheres. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was established comparatively in standard corrosion tests in neutral salt spray and a humid atmosphere containing SO2. It was found that the addition of Pb to the zinc bath reduced the corrosion resistance of the coatings. In the coating structure obtained in the Zn-AlNiPb bath, lead precipitation was observed in both the outer layer and the intermediate layer of the coating. Grain boundaries were the preferred site for lead precipitation. The presence of Pb precipitates favored conditions for the creation of additional corrosion cells, which led to a decrease in the corrosion resistance of the coatings.

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Alshmri, F. "Metallic Coatings: Al-Zn Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 915-916 (April 2014): 608–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.915-916.608.

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Steel sheet has one major drawback, it is attacked by moisture at low temperatures and oxygen at high temperatures. Fortunately, coatings can provide protection to steel sheet from corrosion. Aluminum and aluminum zinc coatings can be applied by different methods. These are chemical vapor deposition coating (CVD), slurry coating, vacuum coating, spray coating, cladding, electroplating, electrophoresis, diffusion coatings, cementation, calorizing and hot dipping. This paper aims at providing a survey of these processes.

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Li, Jiehui, Gang Niu, Wei Bai, Yanjie Ma, Qingren Xiong, Changyi Qin, Junjie Zhang, Ruihua An, and Wei Ren. "Significant Improvement of Anticorrosion Properties of Zinc-Containing Coating Using Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Noncovalent Modified Graphene Dispersions." Coatings 10, no. 12 (November 25, 2020): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10121150.

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High-quality graphene zinc-containing anticorrosive coatings are highly and urgently desirable for effective, economical anticorrosion of metals and alloys in industrial products. The realization of such coatings is, however, hindered by the dispersibility and compatibility of the graphene in them. This work reports a novel direct modification of graphene using sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) without reduction of graphene oxide, leading to homogeneous dispersion of graphene in water. The agglomeration of graphene is prevented thanks to the formation of π−π interaction between PSS and graphene sheets. Such graphene dispersion can effectively improve the anticorrosion performance of the zinc-containing epoxy coatings. With the addition of graphene modified by PSS into the 20% zinc-containing epoxy coating (graphene is 0.05% by weight of the coating), its anticorrosion properties revealed by both electrochemical characterization and the neutral salt spray tolerance analysis are rather close to those of 60% zinc-containing epoxy coating. These results demonstrate that direct PSS modification is an effective method for graphene dispersion and thus open a pathway to achieve graphene zinc-containing anticorrosive coatings with high performance.

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Votava, Jiří, Martin Kotus, and Vojtěch Kumbár. "Passivation of Zinc Coatings by Inhibition Chrome-Based Systems." Advanced Materials Research 1059 (December 2014): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1059.67.

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The anticorrosion resistance of metal (inorganic) coatings is defined by the system of anode and cathode protection. As zinc coatings do not load the environment in such an extent like organic paint systems, current trend is to maximally prolong the service life of a zinc coating. This paper is focused on analysis of the speed of corrosion degradation of zinc coatings. The individual samples were prepared by the method of hot-dipping and galvanizing. Inhibition systems were applied only to electrolyte-applied zinc coating. There were prepared three different passivating methods: (1) slim-layer passivation with the content of Cr (III), (2) slim-layer passivation with the inhibitor Cr (VI) and (3) thick-layer passivation with Cr (III). The thickness of anticorrosion coatings has been measured by both destructive and non-destructive methods. The weight of the applied anticorrosion substrate was measured in compliance with the ČSN EN ISO 3892 standard. Ductile characteristics were analysed according to the ČSN EN ISO 1519 standard. The total evaluation of anticorrosion resistance was processed according to the ČSN EN ISO 9227 standard (salt-spray test). Based on the results of corrosion tests, the individual coatings can be analysed and their corrosion resistance can be evaluated. The service life of the zinc coating can be prolonged by sealing off the zinc coating by an appropriate inhibitor which supports the self-healing effect of the whole anticorrosion substrate.

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Knudsen, Ole Øystein, Håkon Matre, Cato Dørum, and Martin Gagné. "Experiences with Thermal Spray Zinc Duplex Coatings on Road Bridges." Coatings 9, no. 6 (June 8, 2019): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9060371.

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Road bridges are typically designed with a 100-year lifetime, so protective coatings with very long durability are desired. Thermal spray zinc (TSZ) duplex coatings have proven to be very durable. The Norwegian Public Roads Administration (NPRA) has specified TSZ duplex coatings for protection of steel bridges since 1965. In this study, the performance of TSZ duplex coatings on 61 steel bridges has been analyzed. Based on corrosivity measurements on five bridges, a corrosivity category was estimated for each bridge in the study. Coating performance was evaluated from pictures taken by the NPRA during routine inspections of the bridges. The results show that very long lifetimes can be achieved with TSZ duplex coatings. There are examples of 50-year old bridges with duplex coatings in good condition. Even in very corrosive environments, more than 40-year old coatings are still in good condition. While there are a few bridges in this study where the coating failed after only about 20 years, the typical coating failures are due to application errors, low paint film thickness and saponification of the paint. Modern bridge designs and improved coating systems are assumed to increase the duplex coating lifetime on bridges even further.

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Karaś, M., M. Nowak, M. Opyrchał, M. Bigaj, and A. Najder. "Influence of the Zinc Sublayer Method Production and Heat Treatment on the Microhardness of the Composite Ni-Al2O3 Coating Deposited on the 5754 Aluminium Alloy." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 59, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2014-0059.

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Abstract In this study, the effect of zinc interlayer on the adhesion of nickel coatings reinforced with micrometric Al2O3 particles was examined. Nickel coating was applied by electroplating on EN AW - 5754 aluminium alloy using Watts bath at a concentration of 150 g/l of nickel sulphate with the addition of 50 g/l of Al2O3. The influence of zinc intermediate coating deposited in single, double and triple layers on the adhesion of nickel coating to aluminium substrate was also studied. The adhesion was measured by the thermal shock technique in accordance with PN-EN ISO 2819. The microhardness of nickel coating before and after heat treatment was additionally tested. It was observed that the number of zinc interlayers applied does not significantly affect the adhesion of nickel which is determined by thermal shock. No defect that occurs after the test, such as delamination, blistering or peeling of the coating was registered. Microhardness of the nickel coatings depends on the heat treatment and the amount of zinc in the interlayer. For both single and double zinc interlayer, the microhardness of the nickel coating containing Al2O3 particles increased after heat treatment, but decreased when a triple zinc interlayer was applied.

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Du, Weiping, Yingying Ding, Yang Zhang, and Huifang Chen. "Preparation of Surface-Modified Nano Zinc Sulfide/Polyurethane Inorganic-Organic Transparent Coating and Its Application in Resin Lens." Coatings 11, no. 8 (July 26, 2021): 894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11080894.

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The surface modified hydrophilic zinc sulfide nano powder was prepared by hydrothermal method, and the corresponding zinc sulfide/polyurethane organic-inorganic composite transparent coating via in-situ polymerization. The structure of ZnS Nanoparticles and organic-inorganic composite coating were characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, Laser Particle Size Analyzer and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The optical properties were measured by Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometer and ellipsometry. The results show that the monodisperse hydrophilic nano zinc sulfide powder with a particle size of about 70 nm can be obtained by thioglycolic acid (TGA) modification, which has good compatibility with waterborne polyurethane. Nano zinc sulfide increased the refractive index of the coating significantly and the refractive index of the coatings could be controlled in the region of 1.46–1.71 organic-inorganic composite coating by adding ZnS. When the amount of nano ZnS added was 30%, the refractive index of the hybrid coating can reach 1.71, and the transmittance was more than 90%. The cured coatings were smooth and no agglomeration between nano ZnS particles could be found. After application on the surfaces of resin lens, the coatings presented better impact resistance, which indicated that the coating has application prospects in the field of fine processing of lens’ surfaces.

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Galin, R. G., D. A. Zakharyevich, and S. V. Rushchits. "Formation and Structure of Diffusional Zinc Coatings Formed in Nanocrystallized Zinc Powders." Materials Science Forum 870 (September 2016): 404–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.870.404.

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The results of the studies of phase formation and the structural state of diffusional zinc coatings formed in zinc powder with nanocrystallized surface of the particles are presented. The sequence of iron-zinc phases formation during the process has been established, which is the reciprocal of those obtained during the annealing of "hot dip" coatings. The microstructure of δ-phase in the coating, a change in its texture and structural parameters through the thickness of the coating have been studied.

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Kania, Henryk, and Leszek Komorowski. "The Influence of the Chemical Composition of a Zinc Bath upon Corrosion Resistance of Coatings Obtained on Sebisty Steel." Solid State Phenomena 246 (February 2016): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.246.85.

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In the paper the results of tests defining the influence of the chemical composition of a zinc bath on the corrosion resistance of coatings obtained on Sebisty steel are presented. The coatings for the tests were produced on Sebisty steel with the content of silicon of 0.18 wt. % in Zn-AlNi, Zn-AlNiPb and Zn-AlNiBiSn baths. Corrosion resistance of coatings obtained in alloy baths was compared with the corrosion resistance of a coating obtained in a bath of pure Zn. The structure of coatings has been developed, the chemical composition of structural components of the coating and the coating thickness have be established. Corrosion resistance of the coatings was defined by comparative methods in a standard corrosion test in neutral salt spray. The tests were carried out in accordance with the EN ISO 9227 standard. It has been established that alloy additions to a zinc bath have impact upon corrosion resistance of obtained coatings. The addition of Pb results in a decrease in corrosion resistance of a coating obtained on Sebisty steel.

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Zhao, Xiao Dong, Jie Yang, and Shao Hua Xing. "Comparative Study on Corrosion Behavior of Zinc-Aluminum Coated Steel under Thin Electrolyte Layers." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 1335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1335.

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Due to the excellent anticorrosion performance, zinc-aluminum coatings are widely used in a variety of structural applications, and most are exposed to atmosphere especially marine atmosphere. In this paper, weight loss experiment and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technology were used to comparatively study the corrosion behavior of zinc-aluminum coatings in stimulant marine atmosphere. Experimental results show that the anticorrosion performance of GL coating was better than that of GF coating and the length of drying period had obviously influence on the corrosion behavior of GF and GL coating.

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Kollárová, Mária, Lucia Hrabčáková, Juraj Graban, and Marta Šohajová. "Structural Properties of Zinc and ZnMgAl Coatings on Steel Sheets." Materials Science Forum 782 (April 2014): 623–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.782.623.

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In the paper mutual comparison of zinc coatings enriched with small additions of Mg and Al (up to 1 wt.% Mg and 1 wt.% Al) and traditional zinc coatings produced by hot dip galvanizing, concerning some important properties of coatings like coating structure, cracks formation after deformation and corrosion resistance of deformed samples was studied. It was shown, that while traditional hot-dip zinc coatings are formed by homogenous zinc layer, exhibiting only low amount of soluble aluminium, coatings enriched by small amounts of Mg and Al, namely 0.6% Mg and 0.8% Al are formed by dendritic zinc matrix and interdendritic phase containing Zn-Mg-Al eutectics. Development of cracks was investigated in the area of maximal deformation of the samples subjected to stretching. It was found, that while traditional zinc coatings showed sporadic long fine cracks, zinc coatings enriched with Mg and Al exhibited aggregation of short thick cracks in the deformed area. Samples of both materials after stretching were also exposed in neutral salt spray atmosphere in corrosion chamber. It can be concluded, that material with coatings enriched with Mg and Al showed better results in corrosion tests contrary to the presence of massive cracks in the coating. This significantly increased corrosion resistance is possible due to excellent adhesion of zinc coatings, containing Mg and Al on drawing steels.

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Jiang, Qiong, Qiang Miao, Wen Ping Liang, Bei Lei Ren, Yi Xu, and Zheng Jun Yao. "Characterization of Microstructure, Phase Composition and Corrosion Resistance of Al-Zn-Si-RE Waterborne Coatings." Advanced Materials Research 887-888 (February 2014): 1076–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.887-888.1076.

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New waterborne Al-Zn-Si-RE coatings with improved corrosion resistance were introduced in this study. The corrosion resistance of Al-Zn-Si-RE coatings was evaluated by electrochemical measurements and salt spray test. Evolution of microstructure and phase composition at different exposure time in salt spray test was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction technique. The results indicate that Al-Zn-Si-RE coatings provide effective sacrificial protection to the steel substrate but exhibit lower corrosion rate and higher corrosion resistance compared to zinc aluminum coatings. The dense continuous corrosion layer formed on Al-Zn-Si-RE coating acts as a barrier layer, limiting the transport of aggressive species towards the coating-substrate interface and the corrosion rate of the coating; Zinc aluminum hydroxy carbonates are the dominant components in the corrosion layer of Al-Zn-Si-RE coatings.

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Arroyo, Borja, Marion Roth, José Alberto Álvarez, Ana Isabel Cimentada, Sergio Cicero, Jaime Seco, and Guillermo Becedoniz. "Study of Hillock and Zinc Whisker Evolution in Five Different Cable Tray Coatings." Metals 11, no. 2 (February 13, 2021): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11020325.

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The main objective of this work is the study of the hillock and zinc whisker evolution of five different commercial zinc coatings applied on the same base steel wires of the patented EASYCONNECT system cable trays manufactured by VALDINOX Ltd.: white zinc alkaline electrolyte, yellow zinc trivalent electrolyte, acid zinc electrolyte, hot dip galvanized, and zinc nickel coating. The limited literature on the subject is summarized, and then the coating thickness, chemical composition, hardness and surface rugosity are characterized. The hillock and whisker density evolution are evaluated over a period of 12 months, considering the presence of compression bending stresses. It is concluded that the white alkaline and yellow trivalent coatings are the most affected, while the zinc-nickel shows the best behavior with no presence of whiskers; the acid zinc electrolyte also shows good results despite the delayed appearance of whiskers from the ninth month; the hot-dip galvanized coating does not show any presence of zinc whiskers or hillocks.

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Tian, Yong, Zhenxiao Bi, and Gan Cui. "Study on the Corrosion Resistance of Graphene Oxide-Based Epoxy Zinc-Rich Coatings." Polymers 13, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 1657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13101657.

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In order to improve the corrosion resistance of zinc-rich epoxy coatings and reduce the amount of zinc used, first, graphene oxide (GO) was modified by sulfonated multiwall carbon nanotubes (SMWCNTs) to obtain the modified graphene oxide (SM-GO). The samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Then, four kinds of coatings were prepared, namely pure zinc-rich coating (0-ZRC), graphene oxide-based zinc-rich coating (GO-ZRC), sulfonated multiwall carbon nanotube-based zinc-rich coating (SM-ZRC) and SM-GO-based zinc-rich coating (SG-ZRC). The corrosion resistance of the above coatings was studied by open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), a salt spray test, 3D confocal microscope, and electron scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that GO is successfully non-covalently modified by SMWCNTs, of which the interlayer spacing increases and dispersion is improved. The order of the corrosion resistance is GO-ZRC > SG-ZRC > SM-ZRC > 0-ZRC. The addition of GO, SMWCNTs, and SM-GO increases the shielding effect and increases the electrical connection between Zn particles and metal substrates, which improves the corrosion resistance. However, SMWCNTs and SM-GO also strengthen the galvanic corrosion, which decreases the corrosion resistance to some extent.

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Kathavate, Vaibhav S., Nilesh S. Bagal, and Pravin P. Deshpande. "Corrosion protection performance of nano-TiO2-containing phosphate coatings obtained by anodic electrochemical treatment." Corrosion Reviews 37, no. 6 (November 26, 2019): 565–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2018-0094.

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AbstractThe efficacy of nano-TiO2-containing zinc phosphate coatings on low-carbon steel is investigated. Zinc phosphate coatings are electrodeposited on low-carbon steel (AISI 1015) keeping current density, deposition time and wt % nano-TiO2 at their respective levels. Corrosion protection performance of these coatings was assessed using potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 3.5% NaCl electrolyte. The morphology, the composition and the growth process of the zinc phosphate coating is investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical measurements. The XRD study reveals that the obtained phosphate layer contains traces of hopeite and phosphophylite. The formed zinc phosphate coating offers high corrosion protection in 3.5% NaCl solution, which is well supported by EIS studies. The presence of nano-TiO2 in the phosphate bath anticipated to offer a better surface coverage and reduction in porosity and forms more homogeneous coating, which is in agreement with the SEM studies. The optimization of the electrodeposition phosphating process for achieving better responses in terms of corrosion rate and coating resistance is addressed in this paper.

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Lu, Fei, Zhao Qian Xie, Yu Feng Lu, Miao Lou, Meng Zhou, and Xin Dong Hu. "Study on Properties of Zn-Al-Mg-RE Coatings by Arc Spraying." Advanced Materials Research 804 (September 2013): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.804.79.

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In order to improve the organization, reduce the porosity, compact the structure and enhance the corrosion resistance of the coating, Zn-Al-Mg-RE coating system was prepared by high velocity arc spraying. The surface appears, phase composition and electrochemical properties of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray radiation diffaction and electrochemical workstation. The results indicated that the coatings were compact. The coatings were mainly zinc and aluminum phase. In corrosion of immersion, the reaction resistance and coating resistance of coatings quickly become bigger, the surface of coatings become more compact, and the corrosion reaction is more difficult. Electrochemical tests showed that the coating had excellent corrosion resistance. The electrochemical protection and self-sealing effect of coatings can have long-term effects on anticorrosion.

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Chen, Xiao, Chengdi Li, Xiaobo Bai, Hongtao Wang, Shunjian Xu, and Su Song. "Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, Abrasive Wear, and Corrosion Behavior in Molten Zinc of Boride-Based Coatings in Situ Synthesized by an HVOF Spraying Process." Coatings 9, no. 10 (October 14, 2019): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9100665.

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Hot-dip galvanizing has been used for anti-corrosion of various steel products; however, the corrosion of molten zinc in the galvanizing industry is the key problem to be solved. Three kinds of Mo–B–Co–Cr, Mo–B–Ni–Cr, and Ti–B–Co–Cr mixture powders were deposited on the surface of a 316L stainless-steel substrate by a HVOF spraying method to prepare MoB/CoCr, MoB/NiCr, and TiB/CoCr coatings. The microstructure, mechanical properties, abrasive wear, and corrosion behavior in molten zinc of the in situ synthesized boride-based coatings were investigated. The experimental results showed that MoB/NiCr coating with a denser microstructure had the lowest porosity (0.811%). The in situ synthesized boride-phase compositions of MoB/CoCr, MoB/NiCr, and TiB/CoCr coatings were CoMoB and CoMo2B2, NiMo2B2, and TiB2, respectively. The MoB/NiCr coating had the highest boride content among the coatings. The presence of binary (TiB2) or ternary boride phases (CoMoB, CoMo2B2, and NiMo2B2) with their excellent mechanical properties could obviously increase the microhardness values in the coatings. The in situ synthesized borides in the coatings also could improve the wear resistance properties; MoB/NiCr coating with shallower grooves and smaller craters/pits had the smoothest worn surface and the lowest weight loss (6.8 ± 0.84 mg) among the coatings. After immersion test in molten zinc for 360 h, no presence of zinc or intermetallic compounds in the three kinds of the coatings (MoB/CoCr, MoB/NiCr, and TiB/CoCr), and the element compositions of the three kinds of coatings after the immersion test were the same as the as-sprayed coatings. Compared to the other coatings, MoB/NiCr coatings had the higher durability in molten zinc.

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35

Scepanovic, Jelena, Safija Herenda, Fehim Korac, Darko Vuksanovic, and Dragan Radonjic. "Protection of fuel filter with alkaline and acid zinc coatings." Glasnik hemicara i tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine, no. 53 (December 18, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35666/ghtbh.2019.53.01.

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Galvanic coatings are applied so that the surface of the base material obtains appropriate properties, corrosion resistance, durability, aesthetic appearance, and long-term application in the appropriate industry. In this paper, the aim was to protect steel fuel filters with alkaline and acid zinc coatings of different thicknesses. The coating of zinc, which is applied from the alkaline electrolyte, provides good corrosion protection with excellent coating flexibility. The thickness of the coating by the X-ray fluorescence method was tested, followed by coating tests, corrosion resistance, and electrochemical tests. The results of adhesion showed a high quality coating, as no corrosion occurred during the test. The corrosion resistance tested by the salt chamber method speaks of the appearance of white and red corrosion. On alkaline electrolyte coatings, white corrosion occurred after 168 hours of exposure to the salt test, while on white zinc samples there was a white corrosion after 240 hours of exposure. Tafel polarization diagrams have been determined: corrosion potentials, current intensities, anode and cathode Tafel coefficients and calculated corrosion rates. The active and passive corrosion zone is determined by the cyclic voltammetry.

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36

Vu, Ke Oanh, Thi Xuan Hang To, Anh Truc Trinh, Thuy Duong Nguyen, Gia Vu Pham, Anh Son Nguyen, Thu Thuy Thai, Hiroyuki Tanabe, and Ryuichi Aoki. "HIGH PROTECTION PERFORMANCE OF COATING SYSTEMS BASED ON ZINC RICH PRIMER AND FLUOROPOLYMER COATING." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 56, no. 3B (September 13, 2018): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/56/3b/12871.

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Coating systems based on zinc rich primer and fluoropolymer top coat were exposed for 8 years at different atmospheric stations in Vietnam: Hanoi, Ha Long and Nha Trang. For comparison the coating system with zinc rich primer and polyurethane topcoat was also tested. The degradations of coating systems were evaluated by gloss measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The obtained results show that coating systems with zinc rich primer and top coatings based on fluoropolymer and polyurethane topcoats show very high weather resistance and corrosion protection performance, but the systems with fluoropolymer are better than coating system with polyurethane topcoat.

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37

Kovalenko, I. A., D. V. Laskin, and A. Y. Trifonova. "The Impact of Zinc Coating Specifications on Corrosion Resistance аnd Durability of Steels." Materials Science Forum 945 (February 2019): 740–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.945.740.

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The article contains the findings on impact of zinc coating specifications on corrosion resistance and service life of steels of various chemical composition used often in modern industries. Characteristics such as type, class, chemical compound and thickness of zinc-based coatings are also addressed. Experiments were performed in which corrosion rate and useful life of zinc coatings in probable operating-like conditions — i.e., in environments of varying degrees of corrosive power (humid and high-chloride environments) were determined. It has been established which one of the environments is the most corrosive for steels depending on the zinc-based coatings’ specifications. Qualitative (visual) and quantitative (gravimetric) assessment of corrosion resistance and service life of chosen steels is presented. Optimal hot dip galvanized coating specifications were determined using statistical analysis.

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Park, H., and J. A. Szpunar. "The Microstructural Characterization of Electrogalvanized Zinc–Iron and Zinc–Nickel Coatings." Textures and Microstructures 34, no. 2-3 (January 1, 2000): 119–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.34.119.

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In this study, the development of the microstructure of zinc–iron and zinc–nickel coatings on steel sheet electrodeposited at various deposition conditions, is analyzed. The evolution of the coating microstructure – texture, surface morphology, crystallographic lattice, microstress, alloy composition and phase of coatings – is investigated at different current densities and deposition times. The microstructure of zinc alloy coatings varies significantly with the change of deposition parameters. The present study proposes that the transformarion of texture during the alloy codeposition is closely related to the morphological characteristics of the coating surface and the change of alloy and phase composition of the deposit. Anomalous codeposition behavior, is considered responsible for the change or transformation of the microstructure of coatings. The texture of zinc–iron coatings changes from the combined texture of the basal fiber and non-fiber pyramidal component to the pyramidal fiber texture with the current density increase. In the case of zinc–nickel coatings, the intensity of the {101} texture of γ phase increases with increasing nickel content, while the intensity of the {100} texture decreases. A correlation between the texture, morphology and alloy content in the deposits is discussed.

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39

Nelyub, V. A. "Influence study of copper and zinc coatings on properties of carbon fibers and composites based on them." All the Materials. Encyclopedic Reference Book, no. 10 (October 2020): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31044/1994-6260-2020-0-10-26-31.

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Two types of metallic coatings (copper and zinc) were deposited on the surface of a unidirectional carbon tape by the method of magnetron sputtering. Results of experimental evaluation of strength of elementary carbon fibers with these metallic coatings and carbon-reinforced plastics based on them are presented. It has been found that the copper coating increases strength of the fibers and the carbon-reinforced plastics in case of the interlaminar displacement. The zinc coating decreases strength of the fibers and composites based on them. Parameters of the carbon fibers with metallic coatings after long-term storage of metallized carbon tapes are presented.

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40

Trpčevská, Jarmila, Mária Kollárová, Eva Zdravecká, and Jana Tkáčová. "Application of Bonded Joints for Quantitative Analysis of Adhesion." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7415064.

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The performance of hot-dip coated steel sheets is associated with properties of the zinc coatings on steel substrate. For the characterization of the adhesion behaviour of zinc coating on steel various tests were employed. The study was focused on quantification assessment of galvanized coating adhesion to substrates. Methods for evaluation of the bonding strength of zinc coating by the shear strength and the T-peel tests applying four special types of adhesives were used. The experimental tests of bonded joints show that the adhesion of the zinc coating to the substrate was higher than that of the applied adhesive with the highest strength.

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41

Yabuki, Akihiro. "Self-Healing Coatings for Corrosion Inhibition of Metals." Modern Applied Science 9, no. 7 (July 1, 2015): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v9n7p214.

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Anti-corrosion protective coatings have been widely applied as a surface treatment to prevent corrosion ofvarious metallic materials, such as aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, steel and zinc-coated steel, which areused in automobile parts, building structures, home appliances, etc. One of the most important characteristics ofthese coatings is the ability to self-heal. If a self-healing coating suffers mechanical damage and corrosivespecies in the environment begin to degrade the bare metal surface, the damaged surface is automaticallyrepaired by a chemical component of the coating. Chromate conversion coatings have self-healing properties.However, environmental concerns have necessitated the reduction and discontinuation of chromate-basedprotective coatings in recent years. This paper describes two recently developed self-healing coatings — afluorine polymer coating with metal particles and a coating comprised of particles and an organic healing agent.A fluorine polymer coating has self-healing properties, which are improved by the addition of metal particles. Aself-healing coating that uses particles and an organic healing agent has also been developed.

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42

Zhang, Jiang Hong, and Ying Jie Zhang. "Impact of Cerium on Corrosion Behavior of Zinc Coating in Cl- Environment." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 1672–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.1672.

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This paper aims to study the impact of cerium on the corrosion resistance of zinc coating in 5% NaCl solution. Based on the immersing experiment, electrochemistry was used to measure the electrochemical parameters when comparing the zinc coating’s corrosion resistance with that of zinc coating with an additional cerium conversion coating. SEM and XRD were adopted to analyze the appearance and phases of corrosion products of this cerium conversion coating, and to probe the impact of cerium on the corrosion behavior of zinc coating in Cl- environment. The results showed that cerium conversion coating formed on the zinc coating effectively increased the zinc’s corrosion resistance. By contrast, models of conversion coating with lower cerium content poorly protected the substrate, resulting in easy erosion of the zinc coating in Cl- environment.

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43

Lu, Dongzhu, Yanliang Huang, Jizhou Duan, and Baorong Hou. "A Zinc-Rich Coating Fabricated on a Magnesium Alloy by Oxide Reduction." Coatings 9, no. 4 (April 25, 2019): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9040278.

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The corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys could be enhanced by covering metallic coatings on the surface. The zinc-rich coating is one of these metallic coatings. To fabricate a zinc-rich coating on magnesium alloys, the substrate should be pretreated carefully, and a protective atmosphere is usually required. In this research, a zinc-rich coating was successfully fabricated on the AZ91D magnesium alloy in air by a diffusion alloying method, with zinc oxide as the zinc source. At the same time, the pretreatment of the magnesium alloy matrix was greatly simplified. The as-diffusion-alloyed zinc-rich intermetallic layer was investigated, utilizing SEM, EDS, and XRD, respectively. It is inferred that zinc oxide was reduced into Zn atoms by the active Mg atoms, and the Mg atoms were coming from the magnesium alloy matrix. Then the Zn atoms passed through the oxide film and formed an intermetallic layer on the magnesium alloy surface. Thus, taking advantage of the activity of Mg atoms, magnesium alloys could be surface alloyed with oxides.

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Marín-Sánchez, Miguel, Elena Gracia-Escosa, Ana Conde, Carlos Palacio, and Ignacio García. "Deposition of Zinc–Cerium Coatings from Deep Eutectic Ionic Liquids." Materials 11, no. 10 (October 19, 2018): 2035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11102035.

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This work studies the electrodeposition of zinc and cerium species on carbon steel substrates from choline chloride-based ionic liquid bath in order to develop a protective coating with anti-corrosion, sacrificial, and self-repairing properties. Hull cell tests were used to study the influence of the current density on composition of the coatings and their morphology. Surface morphology, chemical composition and oxidation state of the obtained coatings were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Furthermore, electrochemical characterization and corrosion tests were performed in order to evaluate the corrosion properties of the electrodeposited Zn–Ce coatings. The cathodic deposition of Zn–Ce was achieved for the first time using the deep eutectic solvent choline chloride-urea as an electrolyte. Cerium was incorporated in the coating as oxide or mixed oxide within the Zn metal matrix. The composition and morphology of the electrodeposited coating were dependent on the applied current density. Electrochemical corrosion tests showed similar corrosion rates for all the coatings. Nevertheless on scratched tests with a ratio area of 15:1, for Zn–Ce coatings cerium oxide somehow migrates from the coating to the high pH cathodic areas developed on the surface of the bare steel substrate. Further study is still necessary to improve the corrosion protection of the Zn–Ce coating for carbon steel.

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Ezirmik, Kadri Vefa. "Corrosion and High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Structural Steels Coated with Aluminum Alloys." BEN Vol:2 Issue:3 2021 2, no. 3 (April 2, 2021): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/ben.2021.003.005.

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Structural steels are among the most widely used materials in today's industry. Various surface coating processes are used to protect structural steels from corrosion in atmospheric or aggressive environments. The most commonly used method is the galvanizing process based on forming zinc coating on the steel surface by using the hot dip method. Zinc coatings are insufficient to protect against corrosion, especially in chlorinated environments. Aluminum and its alloys stand out as an alternative material group to zinc in chlorinated environments. In this study, aluminum and aluminum alloy coatings, which are thought to be an alternative to zinc coating, were coated on the structural steel surface using the hot dip method. To examine how different aluminum alloys affect the corrosion and high-temperature oxidation properties of steels, nearly pure AA1050, high Cu content AA2024, and high Mg content AA5083 alloys were coated on structural steels. The coating process was carried out by dipping the structural steels into molten aluminum baths kept at a constant temperature of 700°C for 1, 3, and 5 minutes. The optimum adhesion and surface properties were obtained from dipping time for 3 minutes. The properties of coatings and intermetallic structures formed at the coating-steel interface were examined using an optical microscope, X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Energy Scattering Spectroscopy (EDS) systems. To examine the high-temperature oxidation properties of the coatings, the coated samples were oxidized for 24 hours at 750°C under open-air conditions, and the changes in weight were investigated. Immersion corrosion tests were performed in 3.5% NaCl solution, and corrosion losses and degradation patterns were investigated. As a result of the studies, it has been determined that the Al coatings produced by the hot dip process significantly increase the oxidation and corrosion resistance of the structural steels.

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46

Votava, Jiří. "Corrosion resistance of zinc-based systems in NaCl environment." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 5 (2013): 1487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361051487.

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Metal components in engineering, industry and agriculture are subjects of degradation process influenced by corrosion which result in changes of mechanical characteristics. The current trend of anticorrosion protection is aimed at inorganic metal zinc-based coatings, such as zinc dipping which can be improved by duplex protection. This paper deals with two types of corrosion protection of steel components by zinc coating, first of which is produced by hot dip galvanizing, the other by Zn-Al spray. Hot dip galvanizing was processed in working conditions; the Zn-Al coating was sprayed following the instructions of producer. It is a special aerosol with particles of Zn and Al sized approximately 5 µm. There have been processed the following tests: analysis of element structure, test of corrosion resistance in aggressive environment of salt spray according to ČSN ISO 9227, further measurement weight of applied coatings according to ČSN EN ISO 3892 and measurement of thickness of passivating coating. There was also made an analysis of coating tenacity on bending pin according to ČSN EN ISO 8401. Quality of applied coatings was evaluated following the metallographic scratch pattern.

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47

Radek, Norbert, Jacek Pietraszek, and Dorota Klimecka-Tatar. "Production of Zinc Coatings by Electro-Spark Deposition." System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2020-0031.

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AbstractThe paper describes the method of producing a zinc coating on steel by electro-spark deposition technology. The technology of applying electro-spark zinc to the surface was presented. Microscopic observations and corrosion resistance tests were made. The possibilities of practical application of this type of coatings in the process of repairing zinc coatings, either damaged or with manufacturing defects, were analyzed.

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48

Prado da Silva, Marcelo Henrique, Daniel Navarro da Rocha, Felipe Nobre Moura, Andrea Machado Costa, and Luis Henrique Leme Louro. "Adhesion Characterization of Zinc-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Coatings." Key Engineering Materials 720 (November 2016): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.720.189.

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In this study, hydroxyapatite and Zn-containing hydroxyapatite coatings were produced and characterized with respect to adhesion. The coating technique consists of a two-step hydrothermal process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that, in the first step, the coatings consisted of parascholzite (JCPDS-01-086-2372), a mixture of parascholzite and monetite (JCPDS-01-071-1759), or parascholzite and brushite (JCPDS-72-0713), depending on Zn concentration in the precursor solution. The second step consisted of an alkali conversion in a KOH solution. The final coating was identified as pure hydroxyapatite (HA) or Zn-doped hydroxyapatite, depending on the precursor solution Zn content. Scratch tests on the pure HA coatings showed higher adhesion, when compared to Zn-substituted HA coatings.

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Lin, C. S. "Orientation relationship between Γ phase and α–Fe in commercial galvanneal steel coating." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 846–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010015006x.

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The steel coatings' forming technology and their resulting mechanical performance are of primary concern to the automobile and appliance industries, for they determine directly the long-term structural integrity of the final products. In automobile industry, steel coating plays a crucial role for extended warranty of their product. The recent trend in coatings is an increase in galvannealed coatings.The iron-zinc compound coatings produced by galvannealing bring about a dramatic improvement, in terms of coating performance, compared to pure zinc coatings. The improvement includes corrosion resistance, weldability and paintability in addition to energy and material efficiency. However, there is still one serious obstacle which prevents the industry-wide use of galvannealing as the dominant steel coating technology: Its powdering and flaking tendency during press forming processes. There are a number of empirical hypotheses which propose that the presence of various Fe-Zn intermetallic phases influences the powdering/flaking tendency of galvannealed coatings. Nevertheless, not enough microstructural information is available except those obtained by SEM and X-ray diffraction.

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Sridevi, C., P. Karthikeyan, D. Dhivyapriya, L. Mitu, P. Maheswaran, and S. Sathishkumar. "Microflower like Zinc Oxide/Cerium, Lanthanum Substituted Hydroxyapatite Bilayer Coating on Surgical Grade Stainless Steel for Corrosion Resistance, Antibacterial and Bioactive Properties." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 4 (February 25, 2020): 815–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22422.

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The growing evidence of beneficial role of zinc in bone has increased the interest of developing zinc-containing biomaterials for medical applications and specifically biocompatible coatings that can be deposited on metallic implants to benefit from their load-bearing capabilities. In present work, zinc oxide/cerium, lanthanum substituted (ZnO/Ce,La-HAP) hydroxyapatite bilayer coatings have been fabricated by electrodeposition technique. As developed, ZnO/Ce,La-HAP bilayer coatings were then structurally, morphologically and chemically characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), higher resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). The properties of corrosion performance of 316L SS were explored in Ringers solution using electrochemical analysis. The potentiodynamic polarization and impedance analysis demonstrated that the anticorrosion behavior of 316L SS was significantly increased by the bilayer coating. Cell viability in vitro, antibacterial activity and live/dead assay of ZnO/Ce,La-HAP bilayer coating were investigated. Hence, development of ZnO/Ce,La-HAP bilayer coating on 316L SS to make it suitable for biomedical applications.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Zink coating'

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