Journal articles: 'Zinc oxide/polymer'

1

Ahadzade, Sh M., I. A. Vakulenko, and Kh Asgarov. "Factors Influence on Electrophysical Parameters of the Composite Varistors." Science and Transport Progress, no. 1(101) (March 14, 2023): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2023/283013.

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Purpose. Evaluation influence structural state polymer phase on the response voltage and coefficient nonlinearity of a multilayer varistor based on zinc oxide. Methodology. Zinc oxide consisted of 97% zinc oxide and 3% total oxides of Bi2O3, Co3O4, MnO2, B2O3, SbO3, ZrO2, Al2O3. At a temperature of 1573°K, the synthesis of semiconductor ceramics based on Zinc oxide was carried out. For composite of thermoplastic polymers and Zinc oxide, non-polar and polar polymers, high pressure polyethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride were used. The composites were obtained by hot pressing at the melting temperature of the polymer phase and a pressure of 15 MPa. After that, using silver paste, measuring electrodes 10 mm in diameter were applied to the surface of the synthesized samples, and then current–voltage characteristics were measured. Modification of composites under action of gas-discharge plasma was carried out in a special cell that creates a dielectric-gas-composite system. The structure of the composites was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis and IR spectroscopy. Findings. The obtained experimental results show that the size of the particles of the inorganic phase significantly affects the current-voltage characteristics of the composite varistor: at a given thickness of the composite varistor, the operation voltage decreases markedly, and the nonlinearity coefficient increases. Numerous experimental results obtained by us show that the impact of electric discharge plasma on the polymer Zinc oxide-composite leads to a significant change in the permittivity and the concentration of local levels at the interface of the composite. The results research showed that effect electrical plasma on the opening voltage depends on the polarity of polymer matrices. Moreover, plasma processing itself significantly changes the structure of the polymer phase at composite. Originality. The magnitude of the potential barrier at phase boundary is mainly determined by the volume fraction and size of the main structural element of ZnO ceramics. Changing the structural state of the polymer matrix allows the adjust response voltage and coefficient nonlinearity of volt-ampere characteristic of the multilayer varistor. Practical value. The discovered development of electron-ion processes at polymer phase of the varistor indicates the need to take into account change in its service characteristics from the duration and intensity of use. The result obtained has a certain practical significance, since it indicates not only the reason for the change in properties, but also the need to develop measures to increase the service life of the varistor.

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Sorna Gowri, V., Raj Kumar Sen, Sunil Kumar Sanghi, and Avanish Kumar Srivastava. "New Epoxy Poly(dimethyl acrylamide) Polymer for the Dispersion of ZnO Nanoparticles." Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine 12, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 1231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2683.

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A series of novel Zinc Oxide (ZnO) copolymer composites films with different Zinc Oxide concentration were prepared through incorporation of pre-made Zinc Oxide particle in to copolymer epoxy poly(dimethyl acrylamide). The copolymer epoxy poly(dimethyl acrylamide) was synthesized by free radical polymerization to disperse the Zinc Oxide nanoparticles. The Zinc Oxide nanoparticles with the diameter of 19 nm–35 nm were synthesized from zinc nitrate via a wet chemical method. The aim of the work is to develop a new method/process/material for the dispersion of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles and testing the performance of these composites films. Thermo gravimetric analysis show that Zinc Oxide nanoparticles were successfully incorporated into the polymer matrix and the Zinc Oxide copolymer composites have a good thermal stability. The micro structural analysis also show newly synthesized polymer disperse the nanoparticles well as evidenced by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. The uniformly dispersed Zinc Oxide nanoparticle in the polymer matrix and the particles almost remained in their original shape and size even after incorporation in the polymer matrix. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) shift of the copolymer adsorbed Zinc Oxide nanoparticles confirmed that polymer molecules chain was anchored on the surface of the nanoparticles.

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Arthi Feiona, T., G. Sabeena, M. Sakthi Bagavathy, E. Pushpalaksmi, J. Jenson Samra, and G. Annadurai. "Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO-MMT Nanocomposite for Antibacterial Activity Studies." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 6 (July 17, 2020): 1079–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i6.21.

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ZnO oxide Nanoparticle and ZnO oxide with Montmorillonite nanocomposite were prepared by an environmentally friendly, efficient, and inexpensive method that was synthesized using the chemical method. ZnO nanoparticles as an effective antibacterial material were immobilized on the surface of montmorillonite (MMT). The objectives of this paper are to summarize our research activities in (a) developing processes to dispersenanomaterials (undoped and doped zinc oxide powders) in the polymers matrix, (b) using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) techniques to characterize polymer matrix structures, (c) studying structure-property relationship of these types of new materials, and (d) evaluating the antibacterial performance of these materials for different applications. The results showed that the ZnO nanocomposite was uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix and the particles remained their average size (20 - 150 nm) before incorporation into the polymer matrix. Keywords: Zinc Oxide nanoparticle, Montmorillonite, FTIR, Antibacterial activity

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Burmistrov, Dmitry E., Denis V. Yanykin, Mark O. Paskhin, Egor V. Nagaev, Alexey D. Efimov, Andrey V. Kaziev, Dmitry G. Ageychenkov, and Sergey V. Gudkov. "Additive Production of a Material Based on an Acrylic Polymer with a Nanoscale Layer of Zno Nanorods Deposited Using a Direct Current Magnetron Discharge: Morphology, Photoconversion Properties, and Biosafety." Materials 14, no. 21 (November 2, 2021): 6586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216586.

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On the basis of a direct current magnetron, a technology has been developed for producing nanoscale-oriented nanorods from zinc oxide on an acrylic polymer. The technology makes it possible to achieve different filling of the surface with zinc oxide nanorods. The nanorods is partially fused into the polymer; the cross section of the nanorods is rather close to an elongated ellipse. It is shown that, with intense abrasion, no delamination of the nanorods from the acrylic polymer is observed. The zinc oxide nanorods abrades together with the acrylic polymer. Zinc oxide nanorods luminesces with the wavelength most preferable for the process of photosynthesis in higher plants. It was shown that plants grown under the obtained material grow faster and gain biomass faster than the control group. In addition, it was found that on surfaces containing zinc oxide nanorods, a more intense formation of such reactive oxygen species as hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical is observed. Intensive formation of long-lived, active forms of the protein is observed on the zinc oxide coating. The formation of 8-oxoguanine in DNA in vitro on a zinc oxide coating was shown using ELISA method. It was found that the multiplication of microorganisms on the developed material is significantly hampered. At the same time, eukaryotic cells of animals grow and develop without hindrance. Thus, the material we have obtained can be used in photonics (photoconversion material for greenhouses, housings for LEDs), and it is also an affordable and non-toxic nanomaterial for creating antibacterial coatings.

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K, Rathidevi, Velmani N, and Tamilselvi D. "Electrical conductivity study of poly(p-anisidine) doped and undoped ZnO nanocomposite." Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 5 (December 14, 2019): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.13171/mjc01912071050kr.

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Polymeric blends of Poly (p-anisidine) with ZnO nanoparticles was prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization. Zinc oxide doped PPA polymer nanocomposite (ZPPA) and Magnesium doped Zinc oxide PPA polymer nanocomposite (MZPPA) were synthesized with the addition of semiconductor metal oxide to the polymeric solution. The X-ray diffraction studies of ZnO nanoparticles showed hexagonal wurzite structure. The surface morphological study also confirms the formation of hexagonal structured nanoparticles. The peak for Magnesium and Zinc in EDS spectra confirms the formation of Magnesium doped polymer nanocomposite. The addition of ZnO/MgZnO onto PPA conducting polymer showed agglomeration of semiconductor material results in spherical shaped polymer nanocomposite and irregular overlapping over the PPA polymeric surface. The electrochemical conductivity studies suggested that the doped PPA conducting polymeric blends showed enhanced conductivity nature.

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Metanawin, Tanapak, Praripatsaya Panutumrong, and Siripan Metanawin. "Morphology, Structure and Particle Size of Hybrid Nanozinc Oxide." Key Engineering Materials 728 (January 2017): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.728.204.

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The hybrid polymer materials of nano-zinc oxide were synthesized via miniemulsion polymerization technique. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were encapsulated by polystyrene to introduce multi-function to the hybrid nano-zinc oxide. The contents of zinc oxide particles in the hybrid nano-zinc oxide were various from 1wt% to 40wt%. The particles sizes of hybrid nano-zinc oxide were determined by using dynamic light scattering. It was showed that the particle size of the hybrid nano-zinc oxide was in the range of 124-205nm. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to determine the topography and morphology of hybrid nano-zinc oxide. The crystal structure of hybrid nano-zinc oxide were explored by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy.

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Abdullah, M. "Effect Of Polymer Molecular Weight On The Luminescence Properties Of Nanocomposite Zinc Oxide/Polyethylene Glycol." REAKTOR 7, no. 1 (June 19, 2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.7.1.47-51.

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Luminescence Properties Of Nanocomposite (Zinc Oxide/Polyethylene Glycol: Lithium ions) have been synthesized using different molecular weight of polymer. Changing the molecular weight produced no effect of the crystallinity of ZnO nanoparticles if similar molarity of ethylene glycol unit were used. However, the use of high molecular weight of polymers tended to reduce the size of nanoparticles, which implied to the enhancement in the luminescence spectra due to increasing in the particle number concentration. TEM picture of sample prepared using PEG of molecular weight 0f 500,000 exhibitef a particle size of 5 nm, which was close to the value predicted y Waaent-Schere formula or size dependent band gap.Keywords : nanocomposite, luminescent polymer electrolytes, zinc oxide, polyethylene glycol

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Zhang, Xiao Zhou, Xi Gao Jian, and Li Wu Zu. "Efficient Photovoltaic Devices Using Zinc Oxide Nanowires Overlaid with Conjugated Polymers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 151 (January 2012): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.151.231.

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Bulk heterojunction photovolataic devices based on blends of conjugated polymer poly (2- methoxyl-5- dodecoxyl p-phenyl vinylene) (PMODOPV) as electron donor and crystalline ZnO nanowires as electron acceptor have been studied. We show that photovoltaic devices using zinc oxide nanowires overlaid with conjugated polymers give improved performance compared with devices made only from polymer. The improvement is consistent with improved electron transport perpendicular to the plane of the film. Solar power conversion efficiency of 1.37% were achieved under AM1.5 illumination .

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Alister G., Willis, and Saharudin Haron. "Synthesis of composite thin-film polymer consisting of tungsten and zinc oxide as hydrogen gas detector." E3S Web of Conferences 90 (2019): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199001008.

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A composite polymer consisting of polyaniline (PANI) was synthesised via oxidative polymerisation by varying concentrations of transitional metal oxides and the presence of a hydrogen dissociation catalyst, palladium (Pd). The metal oxides chosen for this study were tungsten oxide (WO3) and zinc oxide (ZnO). The composite polymer samples were characterised using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy where ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy was used to observe the optical changes of the thin films due to exposure to hydrogen. The FTIR spectra obtained confirmed the synthesis of PANI composite. Based on the UV-VIS analysis, PANI-ZnO composite polymer showed the highest difference in peak intensity before and after exposure to hydrogen with 11.4% difference.

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Hashimov, A. M., Sh M. Hasanli, R. N. Mehtizadeh, Kh B. Bayramov, and Sh M. Azizova. "Zinc oxide- and polymer-based composite varistors." physica status solidi (c) 3, no. 8 (September 2006): 2871–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssc.200669536.

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11

Sato, Moriyuki, Akihito Kawata, Shigekazu Morito, Yuzuru Sato, and Isao Yamaguchi. "Preparation and properties of polymer/zinc oxide nanocomposites using functionalized zinc oxide quantum dots." European Polymer Journal 44, no. 11 (November 2008): 3430–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.08.014.

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12

Bochkov, Ivan, Remo Merijs Meri, Guna Vugule, Kristiana Korsaka-Mille, and Janis Zicans. "Rheological Properties of Multi-Component Composites Based on Polymer-Polymer Matrix and Nanostructured Zinc Oxide." Key Engineering Materials 721 (December 2016): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.721.43.

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Polypropylene and it`s matrix composites have been used for decades. To make new materials for traditional and specific applications it has been blended with ethylene 1-octene copolymer to improve processing and impact resistance. To make material with non-common specific application nanostructured zinc oxide particles have been used to obtain material with good antiseptic properties, ultraviolet radiation stability, improved tribological and mechanical parameters. In the research polypropylene composites with ethylene 1-octene copolymer (0, 10 and 30 wt.%) and zinc oxide (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2 wt.%) obtained by melt mixing have been investigated. Rheological properties have been obtained by using two-capillary rheometer. Obtained results show pseudoplastic nature of all the tested composites. Shear data show no significant effect of zinc oxide particle concentration on shear viscosity of the tested materials. On the other hand, extensional viscosity data demonstrate considerable melt flow sensibility of the investigated composition. Addition of ZnO and EOC, however, has some stabilizing effect on melt behavior of the investigated PP based compositions.

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13

Capelezzo, Ana Paula, Laura Cassol Mohr, Janayne Sander Godoy, Alessandra Sgnaulin Bellei, Luciano Luiz Silva, Maria Ana Pignatel Marcon Martins, Márcio Antônio Fiori, and Josiane Maria Muneron Mello. "Addition of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Biodegradable Polymer and Evaluation of its Antimicrobial Activity." Materials Science Forum 930 (September 2018): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.930.230.

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The food contamination for pathogenic microorganisms is a serious problem for the food security. Many actions can be taken in order to reduce this pathogenic multiplication, highlighting the use of active packaging for the food conservation, which have antimicrobial agents dispersed in its surface. The metal oxides and its nanoparticles have been shown effective additives for this purpose. With the growing concern with the environmental and the use of less aggressive materials, biodegradable polymers emerge like a good alternative. This work has the goal to investigate the effect on antimicrobial activity against Gram negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria when added zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in concentration of 1% (wt/wt) in the biodegrable polymer Ecoflex®. The system was homogenized and proccessed in industrial extruder single screw and the polymer’s antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the agar diffusion tests and counting surviving microorganisms with the time. The results showed that the biodegradable polymer Ecoflex®with ZnO NPs exhibit good antibacterial activity.

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14

Shojai Nasab, Sajad, and Saeed Zahmatkesh. "Preparation, structural characterization, and gas separation properties of functionalized zinc oxide particle filled poly(ether-amide) nanocomposite films." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting 33, no. 1 (August 1, 2016): 92–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756087916638120.

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In this study, a new diacid monomer containing amide, imide, and sulfone functional groups was successfully used to synthesize a new poly(ether-amide) for membrane-based gas separation applications. The synthesized poly(ether-amide) was soluble in organic solvents, has high thermal stability (up to 460℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, for 10% weight loss), and high glass transition temperature (Tg = 274℃). This poly(ether-amide) was combined with different amounts of surface-modified zinc oxide nanoparticles to provide organic–inorganic nanocomposites. The optically transparent and flexible membranes of these hybrid nanocomposites were prepared. The obtained materials were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Transmission electron microscopy of the nanocomposite film with 15 wt% zinc oxide confirms that the nanoparticles are well dispersed in the polymer matrix. Thermal gravimetric analysis data indicated that the hybrid materials had better thermal behavior with increasing surface-modified zinc oxide nanoparticles nanoparticle content. The poly(ether-amide)/surface-modified zinc oxide nanoparticles nanocomposite film mechanical properties improved with increasing surface-modified zinc oxide nanoparticles content. The permeability and selectivity of the poly(ether-amide)/zinc oxide membranes as a function of the surface-modified zinc oxide nanoparticles weight percentage were studied, and the results indicated that the CO2 and CH4 permeability increased with increasing zinc oxide content. In general, the membranes prepared from these polymers showed very good permeability and permselectivity for a pair of gases.

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Bajwa, Dilpreet S., Chad Rehovsky, Jamileh Shojaeiarani, Nicole Stark, Sreekala Bajwa, and Mark A. Dietenberger. "Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Potential Fire Retardant for Polymer Composites." Polymers 11, no. 8 (August 18, 2019): 1361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11081361.

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The flammability of synthetic thermoplastic polymers has been recognized as an increasingly important safety problem. The goal of this study was to evaluate a green and safe fire-retardant system comprising of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO). CNCs coated with nano ZnO were incorporated in the high-density polyethylene polymer (HDPE) matrix at different concentrations. Fire testing results of different formulations of HDPE containing 0.4 to 1.0% zinc oxide coated CNC exhibited a substantial decrease in the average mass loss, peak heat release rate and total smoke release. The time to ignition exhibited a positive correlation with CNC-ZnO concentration. Modest improvement in the flexural strength and moduli of composites was noticed validating no adverse effects of CNC-ZnO complex. The transmission electron microscopy further confirmed dispersion of nanoparticles as well as the presence of some nanoparticle aggregates in the matrix. The uniform dispersion of CNC-ZnO complex is expected to further improve fire and mechanical properties of polymer.

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Castellanos, AG, MS Islam, MAI Shuvo, Y. Lin, and P. Prabhakar. "Nanowire reinforcement of woven composites for enhancing interlaminar fracture toughness." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 20, no. 1 (July 22, 2016): 70–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636216650989.

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A novel technique to improve the Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of woven carbon-fiber polymer matrix composite face sheets using zinc oxide nanowires is proposed. Zinc oxide nanowires are directionally synthesized on dry carbon fabrics that are used to manufacture the laminate. The influence of zinc oxide nanowires on interlaminar fracture toughness is compared against regular interfaces using double cantilever beam and end-notched flexure tests to provide fracture toughness values. A significant improvement in the Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness values is observed with zinc oxide nanowires. Therefore, zinc oxide nanowire interlaminar reinforcement has been proven to enhance the interlaminar fracture toughness of textile composites.

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Javadi, Seyyed Mohammad. "Applications of ZnO and MgO Nanoparticles in Reducing Zinc Pollution Level in Rubber Manufacturing Processes: A Review." Current Biochemical Engineering 6, no. 2 (July 25, 2020): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212711906666200224105931.

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Background: Rubber vulcanization is a consolidated chemical process to enhance the mechanical properties of the polymeric material by sulfur crosslinking of the polymer chains, such as rubber. Vulcanization Activators are important rubber processing additives that activate sulfur cure and improve the efficiency of sulfur-based cure systems. The most common activator is zinc fatty acid ester that is often formed in-situ by the reaction of fatty acid with zinc oxide. Although zinc is one of the less harmful heavy metals, according to European Council Directive 2004/73/EC, the reduction of zinc level in the environment has become an important task because of its toxic effect on aquatic organisms. : The current study reviews the research achievements in the field of reducing the consumption of micronutrients of ZnO particles based on the use of nanoparticles instead of them in the polymer industry. Among the proposed methods, due to the less environmental effects of magnesium oxide, the use of MgO nanoparticles instead of zinc oxide has also achieved good results. Objective: The aim of this paper is considering suggested different methods on the reduction of using ZnO particles in related industries, the use of ZnO nanoparticles has had better results than its particles. In addition, due to the less environmental effects of magnesium oxide, magnesium oxide nanoparticles can be used instead of micronutrients of zinc oxide. Overall, the results of various investigations show that reducing the diameter of the zinc oxide particles reduces the amount required for curing the rubber and thus reduces its toxic effects. Also, the use of magnesium oxide nanoparticles instead of zinc oxide in different concentrations is investigated.

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Oh, Yoo Jin, Michael Hubauer-Brenner, and Peter Hinterdorfer. "Influence of Surface Morphology on the Antimicrobial Effect of Transition Metal Oxides in Polymer Surface." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 15, no. 10 (October 1, 2015): 7853–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2015.11215.

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In this study, the physical properties of transition metal oxide surfaces were examined using scanning probe microscopic (SPM) techniques for elucidating the antimicrobial activity of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3), tungsten trioxide (WO3), and zinc oxide (ZnO) embedded into the polymers thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polypropylene (PP). We utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) in the contact imaging mode and its derivative single-pass Kelvin probe force microscopy for investigating samples that were presumably identical in their compositions, but showed different antimicrobial activity in bacterial adhesion tests. Our results revealed that surfaces with larger roughness and higher surface potential variation showed stronger antimicrobial activities compared to smoother and homogeneously charge-distributed surfaces. In addition, capacitance gradient (dC/dZ) measurements were performed to elucidate the antimicrobial activity arising from the different dielectric behavior of the transition metal oxides in this heterogeneous polymer surface. We found that the nano-scale exposure of transition metal oxides on polymer surfaces provided strong antimicrobial effects. Applications arising from our studies will be useful for public and healthcare environments.

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Jovanović, Marija, Miloš Petrović, Nikola Zlatanović, Elmadani Ali, and Vesna Radojević. "Synthesis, structural and mechanical properties of gelatin-based nanocomposites with zinc oxide for use in dentistry." Tehnika 78, no. 2 (2023): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika2302133j.

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In this paper, the composites with the matrix of gelatin (GA) and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) blend with nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO) were prepared. In order to improve the mechanical properties, the samples were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GTA). The processing was carried out by the solution casting method, and the influence of cross-linking and nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of the obtained composites was investigated. FTIR analysis confirmed the cross-linking of the polymer matrix and that no chemical bond was formed during processing between the polymer matrix and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Examination of the mechanical properties showed that the cross-linking and addition of 1 wt% zinc oxide increased tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, hardness and reduced modulus of elasticity.

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Pradhan, Basudev, Swarup K. Majee, Sudip K. Batabyal, and Amlan J. Pal. "Electrical Bistability in Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle-Polymer Composites." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 4534–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.896.

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The article reports observed electrical bistability in thin films of ZnO nanoparticles embedded in an insulating polymer matrix. From the current–voltage and impedance characteristics, they studied transport mechanisms involved in the two conducting-states. The electrical bistability in such films has been associated with a memory phenomenon. The bistability, which is reversible in nature, led to read-only and random-access memory applications in the devices based on such nanoparticles.

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Beek, Waldo J. E., Martijn M. Wienk, and René A. J. Janssen. "Hybrid polymer solar cells based on zinc oxide." Journal of Materials Chemistry 15, no. 29 (2005): 2985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b501979f.

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Ocola, Leonidas E., Yale Wang, Ralu Divan, and Junhong Chen. "Multifunctional UV and Gas Sensors Based on Vertically Nanostructured Zinc Oxide: Volume Versus Surface Effect." Sensors 19, no. 9 (May 2, 2019): 2061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19092061.

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This article reports that it is possible to make multifunctional sensing devices with ZnO infiltrated polymers while the sensing interactions could occur throughout the polymer. As such, we find that infiltrated devices with SU-8 polymer can result in highly sensitive UV sensors. Mesh dielectric core devices were found to make sensitive gas sensors with a better than 5 ppm sensitivity for formaldehyde and NO2. A new type of p-n junction device is further demonstrated that is sensitive to UV illumination, thus making it an enhanced UV sensor. Sensing devices relying on volume interactions, such as light absorption, can significantly benefit from the infiltrated polymer. In contrast, devices that rely on surface interactions, such as gas sensors, do not gain performance in any significant way with or without the infiltrated polymer.

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Fedorenko, Viktoriia, Daina Damberga, Karlis Grundsteins, Arunas Ramanavicius, Simonas Ramanavicius, Emerson Coy, Igor Iatsunskyi, and Roman Viter. "Application of Polydopamine Functionalized Zinc Oxide for Glucose Biosensor Design." Polymers 13, no. 17 (August 30, 2021): 2918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13172918.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures are widely used in optical sensors and biosensors. Functionalization of these nanostructures with polymers enables optical properties of ZnO to be tailored. Polydopamine (PDA) is a highly biocompatible polymer, which can be used as a versatile coating suitable for application in sensor and biosensor design. In this research, we have grown ZnO-based nanorods on the surface of ITO-modified glass-plated optically transparent electrodes (glass/ITO). Then the deposition of the PDA polymer layer on the surface of ZnO nanorods was performed from an aqueous PDA solution in such a way glass/ITO/ZnO-PDA structure was formed. The ZnO-PDA composite was characterized by SEM, TEM, and FTIR spectroscopy. Then glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized using crosslinking by glutaraldehyde on the surface of the ZnO-PDA composite, and glass/ITO/ZnO-PDA/GOx-based biosensing structure was designed. This structure was applied for the photo-electrochemical determination of glucose (Glc) in aqueous solutions. Photo-electrochemical determination of glucose by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry has been performed by glass/ITO/ZnO-PDA/GOx-based biosensor. Here reported modification/functionalization of ZnO nanorods with PDA enhances the photo-electrochemical performance of ZnO nanorods, which is well suited for the design of photo-electrochemical sensors and biosensors.

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Zheng, Jiaxin, Yinqi Luo, Xinbo Wen, Qinglei Zhang, Yu Song, Jiadong Zhou, Nianqiang Jiang, Linlin Liu, Fei Huang, and Zengqi Xie. "Induced crystallization of sol–gel-derived zinc oxide for efficient non-fullerene polymer solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 15 (2021): 9616–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta00232e.

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We demonstrate a novel strategy for induced crystallization of zinc oxide (ic-ZnO) that shows increased crystallinity relative to sol–gel derived zinc oxide, which is also proved to reduce the interfacial charge recombination efficiently in PSCs.

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Rahman, Mohammad Mizanur. "Polyurethane/Zinc Oxide (PU/ZnO) Composite—Synthesis, Protective Property and Application." Polymers 12, no. 7 (July 11, 2020): 1535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071535.

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A polyurethane (PU) is a multifunctional polymer prepared by using more than two types of monomers. The unique properties of PU come from monomers, thus broadening the applicability of PU in many different sectors. The properties can be further improved by using many nanoparticles. Different metal oxides as nanoparticles are also widely used in PU materials. ZnO is a widely used inorganic metal oxide nanoparticle for improving polymer properties. In this review article, the techniques to prepare a PU/ZnO composite are reviewed; the key protective properties, such as adhesive strength and self-healing, and applications of PU/ZnO composites are also highlighted. This review also highlights the PU/ZnO composite’s current challenges and future prospects, which will help to broaden the composite practical application by preparing environmentally friendly composites.

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Padinhattayil, Sanoop, and K. Sheshappa Rai. "Analogy and Comparative Study of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) Biopolymer with Graphene Oxide and Zinc Oxide Nano Fillers." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 7 (2021): 1513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23193.

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Present study describes the analogy and comparative study of polymer nanocomposites with the known polymer matrix hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) incorporated with graphene oxide (GO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles as nano fillers. The polymer nanocomposite films were carried out using solution casting method and characterized by IR spectroscopy, XRD analysis, mechanical properties, thermal characterization and optical microscopy analysis. There were several changes in the HPMC polymer by the addition of nanoparticles of GO and ZnO in structural, thermal, mechanical and optical properties. The thermal stability of the composite films increased as compared with the pure HPMC whereas the mechanical study shows a variation of down values.

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Sapsaliou, D. V., G. B. Melnikova, T. N. Tolstaya, and S. A. Chizhik. "Thin composite coatings based on gelatin with inorganic nanoparticles." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series 58, no. 3 (September 7, 2022): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8331-2022-58-3-325-333.

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A technique for the formation of gelatin thin films and composite coatings with silicon dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles by spin coating has been developed. New data of the morphology and structural characteristics of the formed gelatin and nanocomposite films were obtained by atomic force microscopy. The dependences of the roughness parameters of composite coatings on the content of silicon dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in the polymer matrix are presented. It has been shown that the introduction of inorganic nanoparticles into the gelatin structure makes it possible to form nanocomposites with a rough surface. It has been established that the silicon dioxide nanoparticles incorporation leads to hydrophobization of the surface of polymer-inorganic films based on gelatin. Modification with zinc oxide nanoparticles (up to 8 mg per 1 mg of gelatin) improves the wettability of nanocomposite coatings with water.

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Saratovskii A.S., Girsova M.A., Anfimova I.A., and Antropova T.V. "Formation of molecular clusters of silver by polymer-salt method in porous glasses." Optics and Spectroscopy 131, no. 1 (2023): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/eos.2023.01.55522.4042-22.

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A methodology for the formation of molecular clusters of silver in silicate nanoporous glasses has been developed. Composite materials containing molecular clusters of silver, silver nanoparticles and zinc oxide have been synthesized. The synthesis was carried out by impregnation of porous glasses in aqueous solutions of silver and zinc nitrates stabilized with high-molecular polyvinylpyrrolidone, followed by heat treatment of samples for decomposition of metal nitrates and polymer. Spectral-luminescent properties of composites have been investigated. Keywords: porous glass, zinc oxide, silver molecular clusters, silver nanoparticles, spectral-luminescent properties.

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Mochane, Mokgaotsa Jonas, Mary Tholwana Motloung, Teboho Clement Mokhena, and Tladi Gideon Mofokeng. "Morphology and Photocatalytic Activity of Zinc Oxide Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Mini Review." Catalysts 12, no. 11 (November 15, 2022): 1439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12111439.

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There is an approximately 3% of fresh water available globally for utilization, while the rest of the water is not available for usage, leaving billions of people with less water. Less water availability means that the majority of water consists of pollutants either in ground water or drinking water, which in turn may have a negative impact on the environment and people. Various methods such as plasma technology, flocculation, neutralization, and disinfection have been utilized for wastewater treatment. The wastewater treatment methods have been found to be selective in terms of the removal of other pollutants, as a result, the majority of them are unable to remove pollutants such as antibiotics at a trace level. In order to ensure that there is a complete removal of pollutants from water, there is a need for the development of alternative wastewater treatment methods. The use of solar light by photocatalysis is an alternative method for the degradation of toxic pollutants. Different photocatalysts such as zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and silver (Ag) have been used in the process of photocatalysis. However, the above photocatalysts were found to have drawbacks such as agglomeration at higher contents and health problems during transportation. To solve the above problem, the nanoparticles were immobilized in various matrices such as polymers and ceramics, with polymers being preferred because of low cost, chemical inertness, and high durability. The current review discusses various methods for the preparation of ZnO and its synergy with other nanoparticles incorporated in various polymer matrices. Because it is known that the preparation method(s) affects the morphology, the morphology and the photocatalytic activity of various ZnO/polymer composites and hybrid systems of ZnO/other nanoparticles/polymer composites are discussed in depth.

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Sun, Yanmei, Dianzhong Wen, and Xuduo Bai. "Nonvolatile ternary resistive switching memory devices based on the polymer composites containing zinc oxide nanoparticles." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 8 (2018): 5771–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp07887k.

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Sarymsakov, A., Kh Yunusov, M. Mirxolisov, V. Agabekov, Zh Vladimirovna, E. Vladimirovna, A. Vasilievna, and E. Еvgenevna. "FORMING OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE AND THEIR MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS." Journal of Science and Innovative Development 5, no. 3 (April 29, 2022): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36522/2181-9637-2022-3-1.

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The article reviews conditions required for synthesis of polymer-metal compositions containing different sizes of zinc oxide nanoparticles based on purified sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) with degrees of substitution 0,80-0,85 and polymerization 950-1050 and zinc nitrate crystalhydrate (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O) solutions using a chemical method at 80 ⁰C. Physicochemical properties of Na-CMC samples containing stable zinc oxide nanoparticles of various sizes and shapes were determined by FTIR spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffractometric analysis.

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32

Au, Benedict Wen-Cheun, Kah-Yoong Chan, Gregory Soon How Thien, Mian-En Yeoh, Mohd Zainizan Sahdan, and Hanabe Chowdappa Ananda Murthy. "The Effect of Transparent Conducting Oxide Films on WO3-based Electrochromic Devices with Conducting Polymer Electrolytes." Polymers 15, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15010238.

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Over the past few decades, electrochromism has been a prominent topic in energy-saving applications, which is based on the mechanism of altering the optical transmittance of EC materials under the effect of a small applied voltage. Thus, tungsten oxide (WO3) is a significant chemical compound typically applied in electrochromic devices (ECDs) as it is responsible for the optical transmittance variation. In this work, the WO3 films were produced through a sol–gel spin-coating method. The effect of various transparent conducting oxides (TCOs, which are indium-doped tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrates, and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO)) was investigated in the construction of ECDs. Based on a conducting polymer polypyrene carbonate electrolyte, ITO and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO)-coated glasses were also examined as counter electrodes. The electrode combination employing FTO and ITO as the TCO and counter electrode, respectively, exhibited the most significant coloration efficiency of 72.53 cm2/C. It had coloring and bleaching transmittance of 14% and 56%, respectively, with a large optical modulation of 42%. In addition to that, ECDs with the AZO counter electrode have the advantage of lower intercalation charges compared to ITO and FTO. Hence, this research offers a new avenue for understanding the role of common TCO and counter electrodes in the development of WO3-based ECDs with conducting polymer electrolytes.

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Kausar, Ayesha. "Polymeric nanocomposites reinforced with nanowhiskers: Design, development, and emerging applications." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting 36, no. 3 (January 5, 2020): 312–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756087919898731.

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This article provides insights into nanowhisker nanofiller particles, different categories of polymer/nanowhisker nanocomposites, and broad span of applications. Nanowhiskers are hierarchical needle-like elementary crystallites, often used as nanofillers in polymers. Cellulose, chitin, zinc oxide, fullerene, and aluminum nitride-based nanowhiskers have been employed in matrices. Inclusion of organic and inorganic nanowhiskers in polymers has enhanced thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, thermal stability, water resistance, and other physical properties of nanocomposites. Polymer/nanowhisker nanocomposites have found technical applications in supercapacitors, sensors, anticorrosion agents, antibacterial agents, and drug delivery systems. Future research directions for potential applications rely on material design, nanowhisker functionalization, better dispersion, better reinforcement, and better processing techniques.

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Anandhavelu, Shanmugam, and Sivalingam Thambidurai. "Preparation of Chitosan-ZnO Nanocomposite from Chitin Polymer." Advanced Materials Research 584 (October 2012): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.584.234.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures have attracted great attention as a promising functional material with unique properties suitable for applications in UV lasers, light emitting diodes, field emission devices, sensors, field effect transistors, and solar cells. In recent years, there has been a growing interest among the researchers to incorporate metal nanoparticles into polymer matrix. In the present work, the biopolymer chitin was deacetylated using zinc chloride and sodium hydroxide. The formed zinc oxide is blended with chitosan and the final product has been obtained as nano composite. The prepared material was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy with functional groups of amine (-NH2) for chitosan and ZnO stretching vibration. The crystallite size of materials was confirmed by X-ray diffractometry (XRD).The absorbance of chitosan-ZnO nanocomposite was confirmed by UV-vis Spectroscopy. The surface morphology of prepared materials was analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The above characterization studies was confirmed the presence of chitosan-ZnO nanocomposite.

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Babkin, O. E., L. A. Babkina, T. N. Vasilevskaya, M. V. Izotova, P. A. Onushchenko, S. V. Kozyrev, and S. G. Yastrebov. "Distribution of Zinc Oxide Nanocrystals in a Polymer Film." Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 90, no. 11 (November 2017): 1845–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070427217110180.

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Beek, Waldo J. E., Martijn M. Wienk, Martijn Kemerink, Xiaoniu Yang, and René A. J. Janssen. "Hybrid Zinc Oxide Conjugated Polymer Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109, no. 19 (May 2005): 9505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp050745x.

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37

Liu, Xiaogang. "Zinc Oxide Nano- and Microfabrication from Coordination-Polymer Templates." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 48, no. 17 (April 14, 2009): 3018–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200805972.

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38

Zhang, Zhong-Da, Ya-Nan Zhong, Cong Shen, Hai-Tian Huang, Zhen-Ni Lu, Jian-Long Xu, Xu Gao, and Sui-Dong Wang. "A hybrid memristor with oxide-polymer heterojunction." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 19 (November 7, 2022): 191905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0123496.

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A hybrid memristor based on the bilayer structure of indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is developed, which demonstrates device state updates in an analog manner with high reliability. The IGZO/PVA heterojunction is crucial for the realization of the memristive characteristics, presumably associated with oxygen ion redistribution across the IGZO/PVA interface. The hybrid memristor may act as an electronic synapse, being capable of emulating synaptic potentiation with good linearity, synaptic depression, and paired-pulse facilitation. It highlights potential applications of the oxide-polymer heterojunction in the exploration of neuromorphic devices.

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Kan, Zhipeng, Zhenwei Wang, Yuliar Firdaus, Maxime Babics, Husam N. Alshareef, and Pierre M. Beaujuge. "Atomic-layer-deposited AZO outperforms ITO in high-efficiency polymer solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 22 (2018): 10176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta02841a.

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Hefni, Yasser Kamal. "Hydrophobic Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites for Consolidation and Protection of Quartzite Sculptures: A Case Study." Journal of Nano Research 63 (June 2020): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.63.64.

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Quartzite sculptures are considered some of the most impressive and informative archaeological remains which have been found in the most of Egyptian archaeological sites. Regrettably, quartzite sculptures suffer from many deterioration aspects such as granular disintegration, scaling, cracking, efflorescence, soiling, microbiological colonization. Water is the main aggressive deterioration factor of stones and stone-based monuments, as in addition to its direct role in deterioration mechanisms, it plays as a catalyst in the physicochemical and microbiological deterioration processes.During the last two decades, polymer nanocomposites have widely been applied in the field of cultural heritage conservation due to their unique physical and chemical characteristics. Zinc oxide nanoparticles are among the most important semiconductive nanomaterials that have been applied in the fabrication of nanocomposites. They have been demonstrated to improve the physicochemical and mechanical properties of polymers. In addition, zinc oxide nanoparticles were mixed with polymers in order to fabricate superhydrophobic and self-cleaning protective materials.The aim of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of zinc oxide nanocomposites, in order to select the best of them for the consolidation and protection of a colossal quartzite statue of Ramesses II. The properties of the treated quartzite samples were comparatively examined by colourimetric measurements, static water contact angle, compressive strength, and scanning electron microscope.

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Kathir, I., Santaji Krishna Shinde, C. Parswajinan, Sudheer Hanumanthakari, K. Loganathan, S. Madhavarao, A. H. Seikh, M. H. Siddique, and Manikandan Ganesan. "Flexible Polymer Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Good Mechanical Stability." International Journal of Photoenergy 2022 (September 22, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4931922.

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Single-junction polymer solar cells have demonstrated exceptional power conversion efficiency. Interlayer adhesion will be critical in building flexible polymer solar cells since inorganic conveyance layers would surely break. Aluminium-doped zinc oxide modified by polydopamine has emerged as a viable electron transportation layer in polymer solar cells, enhancing mechanical qualities by offering a high degree of flexibility and adhesion to the active layer. Power conversion efficiency of 12.7% is achieved in nonfullerene polymer solar cells built on PBDB-T2F:IT-4F with aluminium-doped zinc oxide 1.5% polydopamine electron transporting layer. Furthermore, the device based on Ag-mesh wire-wound electrodes has a power conversion efficiency of 11.5% and retains more than 90% of original power conversion efficiency afterward 1500 cycles of bending. For implantable and adaptable polymer solar cells for wide areas, roll-to-roll fabrication of inorganic electron transport layers is advantageous because of their mechanical resilience and thickness insensitivity.

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Mustafar, Suzaliza, Kuo-Hui Wu, Ryojun Toyoda, Kenji Takada, Hiroaki Maeda, Mariko Miyachi, Ryota Sakamoto, and Hiroshi Nishihara. "Electrochemical fabrication of one-dimensional porphyrinic wires on electrodes." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 3, no. 3 (2016): 370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5qi00239g.

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[5,15-Di(4-aminophenyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrinato]zinc(ii) was found to electropolymerize on electrodes such as glassy carbon (GC), indium tin oxide (ITO), and tin oxide, to form a redox-active, stable, and reproducible π-conjugated polymer.

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Terzioglu, Pınar, Yasin Altin, Ayse Kalemtas, and Ayse Celik Bedeloglu. "Graphene oxide and zinc oxide decorated chitosan nanocomposite biofilms for packaging applications." Journal of Polymer Engineering 40, no. 2 (January 28, 2020): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2019-0240.

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AbstractRecently, due to sustainable development and environmental protection policies, there is increasing interest in the development of new biodegradable polymer-based multifunctional composites. Chitosan is one of the most remarkable and preferred biopolymers, which is environmentally friendly as well as renewable, biocompatible, and inexpensive. Though it has a wide range of potential applications, the major limitation of chitosan – the problem of poor mechanical performance – needs to be solved. In this work, graphene oxide was first produced and then used to manufacture a chitosan/graphene oxide/zinc oxide composite film through a casting method. The properties of the chitosan film and the chitosan/graphene oxide/zinc oxide composite film were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mechanical, thermal gravimetric, and ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy analyses. The results showed that the incorporation of graphene oxide and zinc oxide into the chitosan matrix resulted in enhanced mechanical properties and thermal stability of chitosan biocomposite films. The graphene oxide- and zinc oxide-reinforced chitosan film showed 2527 MPa and 55.72 MPa of Young’s modulus and tensile strength, respectively, while neat chitosan showed only 1549 MPa and 37.91 MPa of Young’s modulus and tensile strength, respectively. Conversely, the addition of graphene oxide decreased the transmittance, notably in the UV region.

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Mones, Everjoy S., Armida V. Gillado, and Marvin U. Herrera. "Photoresponse of Zinc Oxide-Polyaniline Junction at Different Light Intensities." Key Engineering Materials 705 (August 2016): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.705.186.

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Polymer-oxide semiconductor exhibits a promising application on electronic devices. In this study, zinc oxide-polyaniline (ZnO-PAni) junctions were constructed which showed a photodiode-like behavior. The junctions were built through connecting the electrodeposited zinc oxide to electrodeposited HCl-doped polyaniline. Without illumination, the junctions exemplify a diode-like behavior (e.g., large amount current at forward-bias while small amount of current at reverse-bias). When illuminated, the junctions exhibit a photodiode-like behavior. In such, the reverse-bias current increases with light intensity.

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Truong, Nguyen Tam Nguyen, Hoa Nguyen, Phuc Huu Tran Le, Chinho Park, and Jae Hak Jung. "Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cell Devices Prepared with Composites of Conjugated Polymer and Zinc Oxide Nanorods." Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4643512.

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ZnO nanorods (Nrods) with ~20–50 nm lengths were synthesized using an aqueous solution of zinc acetate and glacial acetic acid. Bulk heterojunction solar cells were fabricated with the structure of indium tin oxide (ITO)/polyethylenedioxythiophene doped with polystyrene-sulfonic acid (PEDOT:PSS)/ZnO-Nrods + polymer/electron transport layer (ETL)/Al. Current density-voltage characterization of the resulting cells showed that, by adding an ETL and using polymers with a low band gap energy, the photoactive layer surface morphology and the device performance can be dramatically improved.

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Bahramnia, Hamed, Hamidreza Mohammadian Semnani, Ali Habibolahzadeh, and Hassan Abdoos. "Epoxy/polyurethane nanocomposite coatings for anti-erosion/wear applications: A review." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 22 (March 12, 2020): 3189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320908299.

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Offshore pipelines are vulnerable against erosion/wear deterioration mechanisms that can be controlled through the use of proper surface coatings, such as polymer matrix nano-composite (PMNC) coatings that are well-known for their ease of production, availability and applicability. Epoxy, as a versatile rigid and brittle resin and polyurethane with proper chemical/mechanical properties, are potential candidates to make the matrix of these composites. A combination of these polymers can also enhance the mechanical behaviors, glass transition temperature and flexibility. In addition, the desired coating characteristics, such as adhesion to metal substrate, mechanical properties, erosion/wear resistivity and UV absorbance, can be further improved through the addition of appropriate nanoparticles within the polymer matrix. Especially, nanoparticles can improve the erosion/wear resistance of polymers because of establishing high strength bonds between the polymer chains and the reinforcements besides enhancing other required properties. The present work is a review on PMNC coatings that contain epoxy, polyurethane or EP/polyurethane as a polymer matrix along with the details of the nanoparticle reinforcements, such as alumina, silica, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, clay and carbon-based materials. The effect of these nanoparticles on the properties of composite coatings has also been investigated.

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Rocha-Cuervo, Juan Jesus, Esmeralda Uribe-Lam, Cecilia Daniela Treviño-Quintanilla, and Dulce Viridiana Melo-Maximo. "Sputtering Plasma Effect on Zinc Oxide Thin Films Produced on Photopolymer Substrates." Polymers 15, no. 10 (May 12, 2023): 2283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15102283.

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This work presents a post-cured treatment alternative for photopolymer substrates considering the plasma produced via the sputtering process. The sputtering plasma effect was discussed, analyzing the properties of zinc/zinc oxide (Zn/ZnO) thin films deposited on photopolymer substrates, with and without ultraviolet (UV) treatment as a post-treatment process, after manufacturing. The polymer substrates were produced from a standard Industrial Blend resin and manufactured using stereolithography (SLA) technology. After that, the UV treatment followed the manufacturer’s instructions. The influence of the sputtering plasma as an extra treatment during the deposition of the films was analyzed. Characterization was performed to determine the microstructural and adhesion properties of the films. The results showed the effect of plasma as a post-cured treatment alternative: fractures were found in thin films deposited on polymers with previous UV treatment. In the same way, the films showed a repetitive printing pattern due to the phenomenon of polymer shrinkage caused by the sputtering plasma. The plasma treatment also showed an effect on the thicknesses and roughness values of the films. Finally, according to VDI–3198 standards, coatings with acceptable adhesion failures were found. The results provide attractive properties of Zn/ZnO coatings on polymeric substrates produced by additive manufacturing.

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Borkowski, Dominik, Izabella Krucińska, and Zbigniew Draczyński. "Preparation of Nanocomposite Alginate Fibers Modified with Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide." Polymers 12, no. 5 (May 2, 2020): 1040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12051040.

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Active dressings based on natural polymers are becoming increasingly popular on the market. One of such polymers is alginate, which is characterized by biodegradability, resorbability, has no carcinogenic properties, does not have allergenic or hemostatic properties, and has a confirmed lack of toxicity. However, this polymer does not show biocidal and biostatic properties, therefore the purpose of this research was to select the appropriate conditions for the production of calcium alginate fibers modified with nano titanium dioxide and nano zinc oxide. It was assumed that the presence of nano metal oxide fillers will give antibacterial properties to formed fibers, which were used to form nonwovens. The following article presents a comparative analysis of nonwovens made of alginate fibers, without nano additives, with nonwovens made of alginate fibers containing in their structure 7% titanium dioxide and nonwovens made of alginate fibers containing 2% ZnO. The selection of the nano additive content was determined by the spinning ability of the developed polymer solutions. Based on the results contained in the article, it was found that the introduction of modifiers in the structure of fibers increases the diameter of the fiber pores, which improves the sorption and retention properties of the obtained fibers, and also gives differentiated antibacterial properties to the obtained nonwovens depending on the type of nano additive used. Greater activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus strains and Aspergillus Niger molds was shown in nonwovens made of 2% ZnO modified fibers compared to nonwovens made from TiO2 modified fibers.

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Sharmila, D. J., J. Brijitta, and R. Sampathkumar. "Enhanced Dielectric Properties of Polypropylene based Composite using Zinc Oxide Nanorods Filler." Journal of Surface Science and Technology 33, no. 3-4 (November 3, 2017): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jsst/2017/16187.

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<p>Polypropylene and zinc oxide nanorods composites were prepared by combination of solution and mixture melting methods. Dielectric properties of the composite thin films were studied to see if zinc oxide nanorods have effect on the dielectric properties of polypropylene thin film. Introduction of zinc oxide nanorods at low filler content in the polypropylene matrix significantly improves the dielectric constant of the matrix. Simultaneously the structure of the composites was characterized by UV, XRD and SEM to understand the features in the structure that determine the functionality of the material. Composites with different weight percentage of zinc oxide nanorods show better absorption in the UV region compared to polypropylene matrix. This is due to the inherent capability of nano zinc oxide to absorb in the UV region. X-ray diffraction pattern of nanocomposites show sharp and highly intense peaks whereas neat polypropylene shows less intense peaks. This may due to the development of crystallinity in the polymer. Uniform distribution of zinc oxide which have a width of around 160-200 nm is observed in the SEM photographs of composites.</p>

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Xu, Shuang. "Growth Mechanism and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Spheres." Advanced Materials Research 534 (June 2012): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.534.169.

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Novel uniform-sized, ZnO mesocrystal spheres have been synthesized on a large scale using a facile one-pot hydrothermal method in the presence of the water-soluble polymer poly. Sphere crystallinity was characterized by XRD and SEM. On the basis of the experimental results, we proposed a possible mechanism to elucidate the formation of ZnO spheres.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Zinc oxide/polymer'

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