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Relevant bibliographies by topics / ZINC COATED C.I

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Academic literature on the topic 'ZINC COATED C.I'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "ZINC COATED C.I"

1

Wilden, J., Jean-Pierre Bergmann, M. Dolles, and Sebastian Reich. "Use of Zinc-Alloys for Low Temperature Soldering of Zinc Coated Steels." Advanced Materials Research 6-8 (May 2005): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.6-8.127.

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Zinc coated steels are nowadays used for different applications as for example for household appliances, automotive or offtakes. Due to the boiling temperature of zinc (907°C), which is lower than the steel melting point, the welding of zinc coated steel sheets presents many difficulties. As a result of the violent evaporation of zinc, pores in the weld seam are present after solidification and the zinc coating near the weld is damaged. Brazing of zinc coated steels with CuSi-alloys offers some advantages, as the joining temperature is about 950-1000°C. Nevertheless the high melting point of these filler materials requires very restricted process strategies and damaging of the zinc coating near the brazing seam can’t be avoided. Although laser-, plasma- and MIG-joining with CuSi and CuAl are performed nowadays. ZnAl-alloys are characterized through low melting temperature, which are comparable to the melting point of zinc, so that the damaging of the zinc coating can be reduced. In this paper investigations carried out with ZnAl-materials for joining zinc coated steel sheets as DC04ZE75/75 and DX56Z (thickness 0,9 mm) are reported. First investigations were performed by resistance spot soldering and show that using low temperature melting materials leads to a lower damaging of the zinc coating. Further the process reliability of laser soldering with ZnAl-alloys and a Nd:YAG as well as a diode laser is reported and confirms the suitability of these alloys for a damaging free joining zinc coated steels. The low surface tension leads to a wide bearing section, so that advantageous properties are expected. The mechanical properties of edge welds are evaluated in this paper through tensile tests as well.

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Kablov, E. N., K. M. Khmeleva, S. V. Zavarzin, I. A. Kozlov, and S. L. Lonskii. "THE EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ALUMINIUM-ZINC COATINGS OBTAINED BY THE COLD SPRAY METHOD." Aviation Materials and Technologies, no. 1 (2022): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18577/2713-0193-2022-0-1-78-91.

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A study was made of the influence of temperature and duration of heat treatment on the formation of diffusion zinc, aluminum and aluminum-zinc coatings. It is shown that at a heat treatment temperature of 400 °C, a three-phase structure in zinc coating is formed. Mutual diffusion occurs on samples with an aluminium-zinc coating with the formation of Al–Zn alloy, samples with an aluminum coating do not undergo structural changes under the studied heat treatment modes. According to the results of corrosion studies it has been revealed that in terms of their properties, mixed aluminum-zinc coatings are closer to the zinc-coated sample than to the aluminum-coated sample.

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Ainuddin, Ainun Rahmahwati, Muhammad Firdaus Hashim, and Ili Liyana Khairunnisa Kamardin. "Hydrothermal Synthesis Effect on Growth of Zinc Oxide Structure." Advanced Materials Research 1125 (October 2015): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1125.126.

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The properties and performances of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) film have made the material spread widely in several applications such as in providing energy to consumers in which it is harvest energy from the sun rays. By using hydrothermal method in order to fabricate ZnO films is one of the process that consume less energy and lower temperature compare to the other methods. In this research, the seed layer of ZnO was deposited on Fluorine doped Tin Oxide (FTO) substrate and heat treated at 100 °C for 10 min prior to the hydrothermal growth. Hydrothermal growth temperature was varies at 70 °C, 90 °C and 110 °C for 12 hours. The ZnO-coated FTO films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS). The I-V characteristic of the ZnO-coated FTO films was characterized with solar simulator. The experimental results reveal that the hydrothermal growth temperature exerts a strong influence on the properties of the ZnO-coated FTO films. The effects of the hydrothermal growth temperature are discussed.

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Nazaruddin, Nazaruddin, Teuku Zulfadli, and Andi Mulkan. "Studi Kemampuan Penyerapan Panas pada Atap Rumah Seng Berwarna Terhadap Intensitas Matahari dalam Mengatasi Global Warming." International Journal of Natural Science and Engineering 4, no. 3 (December 4, 2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/ijnse.v4i3.30065.

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The environmental temperature has increased significantly reaching 33oC as felt by the community, one of which is in the Aceh region which triggers Global Warming. As a result of the increase in temperature in the Aceh area, many buildings and houses become uncomfortable especially during the daytime because most house with zinc roof. This will cause the temperature in the house and the air around it to increase. Therefore, it is necessary to do research on the study of heat absorption on colored zinc roofs. This research method is to calculate the heat absorption (sun intensity) in zinc that has been coated with several kinds of colors such as white, red, blue, yellow and black. The purpose of this study was to determine the color that has the least amount of heat absorption to the sun's intensity. The highest room temperature on zinc-coated black is 49.2° C and the lowest is in white. 40.9°C from the pen. In the environmental temperature observation, there is the highest temperature at 12.00. Room temperature increased the highest temperature at 12.00 on black zinc. The distribution of room temperature can be averaged with a yellow color of 46.0°C, a black color of 49.2°C, a blue of 45.5°C and a white zinc of 40.9 oC. The heat absorbed in the room is 47.9 joules, so from the overall average of the test it can be described that the room temperature is 45.6 and the zinc temperature is 53.8oC from the highest temperature difference at 12.00 WIB, room temperature and 13.00 WIB the highest absorption occurs at zinc temperature.

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Krishnan, Thurgadewi, Ng Con Nie, Wan Rafizah Wan Abdullah, Mohamad Awang, and Wan Salida Wan Mansor. "TITANIUM DIOXIDE SOL-GEL/ZINC OXIDE POWDER-COATED CLAY BEADS IN PHOTOCATALYTIC REACTOR." Jurnal Teknologi 85, no. 1 (December 2, 2022): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v85.18478.

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Catalyst Immobilization methods are important for providing better recovery of catalyst in photocatalytic treatment. The aim is to characterize and evaluate the photocatalytic performance of TiO2/ZnO-coated clay beads. The titanium dioxide/zinc oxide (TiO2/ZnO)-coated clay beads were prepared via the sol-gel process. Various ZnO powder ratios gave different TiO2/ZnO composites sol. Four layers of TiO2/ZnO sol were coated on clay beads and dried in the oven at 100°C for 30 min. The coated clay beads were calcined at 500°C for one hour for every two layers. Characterization of coated clay beads was done using a scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The increased surface area on small agglomeration and optimum loading of ZnO (5 g) resulted in the highest degradation efficiency recorded at 86.57%. An effective catalyst immobilization achieved a good recycling performance on clay beads. Degradation rate data were presented by pseudo-first-order kinetics. It was observed that the average degradation rate for TiO2/5 g ZnO is 0.00836 min–1. The actual results in this work can be applied as a guideline for the preparation of TiO2/ZnO-coated clay beads with high photocatalytic performance.

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Costa, Andrea Machado, Elena Mavropoulos, Marcelo Tanaka, Daniel Navarro da Rocha, Flavia Mendonça Fonseca, and Marcelo Henrique Prado da Silva. "Osteoblastic Cells Response to Albumin Coatings on Zinc Containing Hydroxyapatite." Key Engineering Materials 720 (November 2016): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.720.120.

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In this work, zinc-containing hydroxyapatite (ZnHA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) discs were coated with native bovine serum albumin (BSA) using 100 μg/ml BSA solution at 37°C. Changes on BSA secondary structure from α-helix to β-turn were detected by deconvolution analyses of FTIR amide I band. Fluorescence images of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cultured on HA and ZnHA discs revealed cells with elongated morphology, typical of 2D experiments, after 24 hours. An intense cytoskeleton organization was observed on samples coated with BSA.

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Yasoda, Ratna Divya, Nour Hakim, Ying Huang, and Xiaoning Qi. "Post-Fire Analysis of Thermally Sprayed Coatings: Evaluating Microstructure, Mechanical Integrity, and Corrosion Behavior." Processes 11, no. 5 (May 15, 2023): 1490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11051490.

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This paper examines the impact of fire on the microstructural, mechanical, and corrosion behavior of wire-arc-sprayed zinc, aluminum, and Zn-Al pseudo-alloy coatings. Steel plates coated with these materials were subjected to temperatures in increments of 100 °C, starting from 300 °C and progressing until failure. Microstructural characterization, microhardness, abrasion resistance, and electrochemical impedance studies were performed on the post-fire coatings. The findings from this study show that heat had a positive impact on the performance of zinc and Zn-Al pseudo-alloy coatings when they were exposed to temperatures of up to 400 °C, while aluminum coatings maintain their performance up to 600 °C. However, above these temperatures, the effectiveness of coatings was observed to decline, due to increased high-temperature oxidation, and porosity, in addition to decreased microhardness, abrasion resistance, and corrosion protection performance. Based on the findings from this study, appropriately sealed thermal-spray-coated steel components can be reused after exposure to fire up to a specific temperature depending on the coating material.

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Lee, Myeong-Hoon, Yeon-Won Kim, Seul-Gee Lee, Jae-Wook Kang, Jun-Mu Park, Kyung-Man Moon, and Yun-Hae Kim. "Influence of annealing temperatures on corrosion resistance of magnesium thin film-coated electro-galvanized steel." Modern Physics Letters B 29, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2015): 1540015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984915400151.

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To improve the corrosion resistance of an electro-galvanized steel sheet, we deposited magnesium film on it using a vacuum evaporation method and annealed the films at 250–330°C. The zinc–magnesium alloy is consequently formed by diffusion of magnesium into the zinc coating. From the anodic polarization test in 3% NaCl solution, the films annealed at 270–290°C showed better corrosion resistance than others. In X-ray diffraction analysis, ZnMg 2 was detected throughout the temperature range, whereas Mg 2 Zn 11 and FeZn 13 were detected only in the film annealed at 310°C. The depth composition profile showed that the compositions of Mg at 270–290°C are evenly and deeply distributed in the film surface layer. These results demonstrate that 270–290°C is a proper temperature range to produce a layer of MgZn 2 intermetallic compound to act as a homogenous passive layer.

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Marques, L. M., M. M. Alves, S. Eugénio, S. B. Salazar, N. Pedro, L. Grenho, N. P. Mira, M. H. Fernandes, and M. F. Montemor. "Potential anti-cancer and anti-Candida activity of Zn-derived foams." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 6, no. 18 (2018): 2821–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tb02726e.

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Zinc (Zn)-derived foams have been prepared from an alkaline electrolyte solution by galvanostatic electrodeposition under different conditions. The resulting 316L stainless steel (SS) coated with two distinct Zn-derived foams was tested in the inhibition of osteoscarcoma cell proliferation and C. albicans colonization.

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Wu, Guang Ming, Yao Ding, De Wen Gao, Guang Jian Xing, Yang Zhou, and Tian Lan Yin. "Electrochemical Deposition and Properties Research of ZnO Thin Films." Advanced Materials Research 669 (March 2013): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.669.72.

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The transparent ZnO films were deposited on the indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates by using the square wave potential deposition method. The conductive graphite plate is used for counter electrode, electrolyte consist of zinc nitrate and additive of electrochemistry, which is made up CTAB and potassium nitrate. Crystallinities of the films were examined by X-ray diffractometer. The morphologies of zinc oxide films were observed with atomic force microscope. Optical characteristics of zinc oxide layers were measured with UV–vis spectrophotometer. The optimal conditions for preparation of zinc oxide thin films with the square wave potential method were as follows: the deposition time was 6 min, concentration of zinc nitrate was 0.05mol/L, deposition temperature was 80 °C, and the annealing temperature was 500 º C. The average optical transmittance of the ZnO films is higher than 85% in the visible range. Moreover, the films have flat surface and small grain size.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ZINC COATED C.I"

1

Akhter, Rehan. "Laser welding of zinc coated steel." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8164.

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Weirman, Chris. "An examination of the corrosion resistance of zinc-magnesium and zinc-aluminium-magnesium coated steels." Thesis, Swansea University, 2011. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43111.

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This project has investigated the development of the optimum combination levels and processing conditions for zinc and magnesium coatings deposited by a Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) process under investigation by Tata Steel Europe Ltd. Temperatures in the range of 100°C to 350°C and times ranges of 2-10 hours and 30 -300 seconds were investigated and the coatings characterised by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis, (EDX), also known as electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), glow discharge optical emission spectrophotometry (GDOES) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and examined for corrosion resistance using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) and accelerated weathering cabinet tests; prohesion and salt spray. The work has shown that the initial zinc magnesium coatings prepared via the developing Tata Steel Europe PVD process did not perform as well as the current and developing hot dipped zinc-aluminium or zinc-aluminium-magnesium alloys in continuously submerged sodium chloride solutions. In support of this work, and to contrast the coatings prepared via the PVD process, the project investigated changes to the coating composition and substrate gauge of a range of conventionally prepared hot dip galvanised samples. This part of the project has looked at variations in the alloying additions to zinc using magnesium in the range of 0-2wt% and aluminium in the range of 0-5wt%. Changing coating composition and/or changing processing conditions produced coatings with dendrites per mm2 (dendrite number) ranging from 350 to 7600. Primary zinc% has also been found to vary in the range of 29% to 95% and the relative corrosion rates have been found to vary between 49% and 477% that of benchmark samples of conventional hot-dip galvanised steel of 275g/m2. Conventional and more recently developed coatings have been studied in mildly alkaline environments by immersion mass loss and SVET testing, as part of a study to investigate if Tata Steel Europe can substitute a lower coating weight, newly developed MagiZinc metallic coating into construction industry in the UK. It was found that both conventional and the new alloy chemistries were seen to have sufficient coating weight after the 28 days, the total cement curing time, to allow the substitution.

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3

Bolyard, Stephanie Carbone. "Fate of Coated Zinc Oxide in Municipal Solid Waste Landfills." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5133.

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Given the increase in nanomaterial (NM) use in consumer products and the large fraction of waste placed in landfills worldwide, the probability of these products reaching municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills at the end of their useful life is high. Since nanotechnology use is still in its early stages, there are currently no regulations pertaining to the disposal of NMs and their fate in MSW landfills is still unknown. Understanding the fate of NMs in MSW landfills is vital to ensure the proper handling of these novel materials from cradle to grave; such research will provide information on how these NMs can be safely introduced into the environment. This research seeks to understand the fate of NMs within waste environments by examining the interactions between NMs and landfill leachate components. The primary focus of this thesis is the effect of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) on biological landfill processes, solids aggregation, and chemical speciation of Zn in landfill leachate following the addition of crystalline, nano-sized ZnO coated with triethoxycaprylylsilane. This research (1) observed the effects of coated ZnO on five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and biochemical methane potential (BMP), (2) examined effects of solids aggregation on the fate of ZnO, (3) quantified the concentration of Zinc (Zn) by size fractions, and (4) modeled the chemical speciation of Zn in landfill leachate using Visual MINTEQ. No change in dissolved Zn was observed after coated ZnO was exposed to "middle-aged" leachate. Upon exposure to “mature” leachate there was an increase in dissolved Zn assumed to be a result of the dissociation of ZnO. Solids data supported the aggregation of particles in both middle aged and mature leachate. There was an increase in the Zn concentration in leachate fractions greater than 1500 nm presumably due to the dispersion of normally insoluble ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) following the interaction with humic acids (HA). ZnO did not inhibit anaerobic or aerobic processes in either middle aged or mature leachate, presumably due to the relatively low concentration of dissolved ionic Zn. Despite the observation of increased dissociation upon exposure to mature leachate, the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) may have hindered the ability for dissolved ionic Zn to become bioavailable. Fractionation, BOD5 and BMP tests, and chemical speciation modeling provided insight on the mobility of ZnO in landfills and the absence of inhibitory effects on landfill processes. Aggregation of ZnO NPs may prevent movement through traditional containment systems (i.e. geomembrane liners) due to the increased particle size. However, the increased dispersion suggests that ZnO NPs will be transported out of the landfill in the leachate, however biological treatment of leachate should be unaffected by the presence of ZnO. The bioavailability of Zn was not substantially affected by the presence of ZnO due to affinity of dissolved Zn for DOM. However, due to the heterogeneity of landfill leachate and the utilization of different NM coatings, it is challenging to predict the overall mobility of other NMs in a landfill.
ID: 031001302; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: .; Title from PDF title page (viewed March 15, 2013).; Thesis (M.S.Env.E.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-97).
M.S.Env.E.
Masters
Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Environmental Engineering

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Jang, Yohan. "THE TRIBOLOGY AND FORMABILITY OF ZINC COATED STEEL SHEETS SUBJECTED TO DIFFERENT STRAIN STATES." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1270093768.

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Thesis (Master of Sciences (Engineering))--Case Western Reserve University, 2010
Department of Materials Science and Engineering Title from PDF (viewed on 2010-05-25) Includes abstract Includes bibliographical references and appendices Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center

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5

Trautmann, Andreas. "Bifocal hybrid laser welding : a technology for welding of aluminium and zinc-coated steels /." München : Utz, 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9783831608768.

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Trautmann, Andreas. "Bifocal hybrid laser welding a technology for welding of aluminium and zinc-coated steels." München Utz, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992520797/04.

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English, Michael David. "Gold coating of silica and zinc oxide nanoparticles by the surface reduction of gold(I) chloride." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/51084/1/Michael_English_Thesis.pdf.

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The possibility of a surface inner sphere electron transfer mechanism leading to the coating of gold via the surface reduction of gold(I) chloride on metal and semi-metal oxide nanoparticles was investigated. Silica and zinc oxide nanoparticles are known to have very different surface chemistry, potentially leading to a new class of gold coated nanoparticles. Monodisperse silica nanoparticles were synthesised by the well known Stöber protocol in conjunction with sonication. The nanoparticle size was regulated solely by varying the amount of ammonia solution added. The presence of surface hydroxyl groups was investigated by liquid proton NMR. The resultant nanoparticle size was directly measured by the use of TEM. The synthesised silica nanoparticles were dispersed in acetonitrile (MeCN) and added to a bis acetonitrile gold(I) co-ordination complex [Au(MeCN)2]+ in MeCN. The silica hydroxyl groups were deprotonated in the presence of MeCN generating a formal negative charge on the siloxy groups. This allowed the [Au(MeCN)2]+ complex to undergo ligand exchange with the silica nanoparticles, which formed a surface co-ordination complex with reduction to gold(0), that proceeded by a surface inner sphere electron transfer mechanism. The residual [Au(MeCN)2]+ complex was allowed to react with water, disproportionating into gold(0) and gold(III) respectively, with gold(0) being added to the reduced gold already bound on the silica surface. The so-formed metallic gold seed surface was found to be suitable for the conventional reduction of gold(III) to gold(0) by ascorbic acid. This process generated a thin and uniform gold coating on the silica nanoparticles. This process was modified to include uniformly gold coated composite zinc oxide nanoparticles (Au@ZnO NPs) using surface co-ordination chemistry. AuCl dissolved in acetonitrile (MeCN) supplied chloride ions which were adsorbed onto ZnO NPs. The co-ordinated gold(I) was reduced on the ZnO surface to gold(0) by the inner sphere electron transfer mechanism. Addition of water disproportionated the remaining gold(I) to gold(0) and gold(III). Gold(0) bonded to gold(0) on the NP surface with gold(III) was reduced to gold(0) by ascorbic acid (ASC), which completed the gold coating process. This gold coating process of Au@ZnO NPs was modified to incorporate iodide instead of chloride. ZnO NPs were synthesised by the use of sodium oxide, zinc iodide and potassium iodide in refluxing basic ethanol with iodide controlling the presence of chemisorbed oxygen. These ZnO NPs were treated by the addition of gold(I) chloride dissolved in acetonitrile leaving chloride anions co-ordinated on the ZnO NP surface. This allowed acetonitrile ligands in the added [Au(MeCN)2]+ complex to surface exchange with adsorbed chloride from the dissolved AuCl on the ZnO NP surface. Gold(I) was then reduced by the surface inner sphere electron transfer mechanism. The presence of the reduced gold on the ZnO NPs allowed adsorption of iodide to generate a uniform deposition of gold onto the ZnO NP surface without the use of additional reducing agents or heat.

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Holden, Nicholas John. "The improvement of weld quality in medium frequency direct current resistance spot welding." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312224.

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Zinc coated steels are widely used in the automotive industry, because of the improved protection against corrosion. Their use has consequences for the resistance welding process, which is the most widely used method of joining body panels. The zinc coating alloys with the copper electrode, resulting in increased electrode wear, and a reduction in electrode life. The welding current must be increased, because of the reduced contact resistance and thus heavier cables and power sources are required. A novel form of power source, the Medium Frequency Direct Current inverter, offers advantages over the traditional AC transformer. The higher operating frequency results in a lighter transformer, and a smaller welding current may be used, because the DC welding current generates heat at a constant rate, and is thus more effective than an AC power source. A potential advantage of this technology is that the increased frequency allows improved resolution in monitoring and control. Novel signal conditioning circuitry was developed, allowing significant improvement in the time resolution of the voltage and resistance signals. A series of welding trials was conducted, while monitoring the welding process. The correlation between weld quality and various process variables was assessed, and a control algorithm to compensate for electrode wear was proposed. This algorithm, based on a constant voltage principle, was implemented on a bespoke welding timer. A significant improvement in electrode life was obtained using this technique. The control algorithm was shown effective experimentally, but practical limitations do not permit testing under all possible conditions. A numerical model of the spot welding process, using Finite Difference technique, was developed. Following successful validation, the model was used to predict the performance of the control algorithm under various conditions of electrode wear. The results indicate that a constant voltage algorithm can compensate for an increase in electrode tip diameter, but that a change in contact resistance may result in unsatisfactory welds.

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Reid, Rhoades Pamela Gail. "Growth responses of Marigold, Zinnia and Vinca grown in 288 plug trays coated with zinc chloride compounds." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11062007-175849.

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Van, Zandt Nicholas L. "Aqueous Fabrication of Pristine and Oxide Coated ZnSe Nanoparticles." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1623356039586297.

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Books on the topic "ZINC COATED C.I"

1

Establishment, Building Research, ed. Zinc-coated steel. Watford: Building Research Establishment, 1986.

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Zou, Chunxian. Corrosion behaviour of zinc alloy coated steel fasteners in timber. Birmingham: Aston University. Department ofCivil Engineering, 1993.

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Sweet, Beryle G., and Thomas C. Britton, eds. Atmospheric Corrosion Investigation of Aluminum-Coated, Zinc-Coated, and Copper-Bearing Steel Wire and Wire Products. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/ds65-eb.

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International, Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet (6th 2004 Chicago IL U. S. A. ). 6th International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet: GALVATECH '04, April 4-7, 2004. Warrendale, PA: Association for Iron & Steel Technology, 2004.

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IEEE Power Engineering Society. Transmission and Distribution Committee., American National Standards Institute, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers., and IEEE Standards Board, eds. IEEE standard for zinc-coated ferrous insulator clevises for overhead line construction. New York, N.Y., USA: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1998.

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IEEE Power Engineering Society. Transmission and Distribution Committee., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers., IEEE Standards Board, and IEEE Standards Association, eds. IEEE standard for zinc-coated ferrous lag screws for overhead line construction. New York: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2001.

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International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet (5th 2001 Brussels, Belgium). 5th International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet: GALVATECH '2001 : June 26-28, 2001, Brussels, Belgium. Edited by Lamberights Marcel. Düsseldorf: Verlag Stahleisen, 2001.

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IEEE Power Engineering Society. Transmission and Distribution Committee., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers., and IEEE-SA Standards Board, eds. IEEE standard for zinc-coated steel bolts and nuts for overhead line construction. New York, N.Y., USA: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1999.

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International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet. (2nd 1992 Amsterdam, The Netherlands). 2nd International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet: Galvatech '92 : Amsterdam, The Netherlands, September 8-10, 1992. Edited by Centre de recherches métallurgiques. Dusseldorf, Germany: Verlag Stahleisen mbH, 1992.

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Sweet, Beryle G. Atmospheric corrosion investigation of aluminum-coated, zinc-coated, and copper-bearing steel wire and wire products: A thirty-two year report. Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A: ASTM, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "ZINC COATED C.I"

1

Gooch, Jan W. "Zinc Coated." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 824. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_12995.

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Vicente, Rubén. "Zinc-Catalyzed CC Bond Formation." In Zinc Catalysis, 119–48. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527675944.ch6.

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López, Luis A., and Jesús González. "Zinc-Catalyzed CN and CO Bond Formation Reactions." In Zinc Catalysis, 149–78. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527675944.ch7.

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Franke, P., and D. Neuschütz. "C-Zn (Carbon - Zinc)." In Binary Systems. Part 5: Binary Systems Supplement 1, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45280-5_43.

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Wilden, J., Jean-Pierre Bergmann, M. Dolles, and Sebastian Reich. "Use of Zinc-Alloys for Low Temperature Soldering of Zinc Coated Steels." In Sheet Metal 2005, 127–34. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-972-5.127.

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Pogonyi, Tibor, Béla Palotás, and Levente Bakos. "Arc Welding of Zinc Coated High Strength Steels." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 768–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75677-6_65.

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Mulaba-Bafubiandi, A. F., J. Claassen, and F. B. Waanders. "Mössbauer Spectroscopy Study of Iron Removal Process During Zinc Extraction." In Hyperfine Interactions (C), 547–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0281-3_134.

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Kuncser, V., M. Vopsaroiu, B. Sahoo, P. R. Bissell, and W. Keune. "Advanced double coated metal particle tapes studied by Mossbauer spectroscopy and magnetic measurements." In Hyperfine Interactions (C), 103–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0281-3_26.

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Spence, Dana M. "The Effect of Combined C-Peptide and Zinc on Cellular Function." In Diabetes & C-Peptide, 17–29. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-391-2_3.

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Blankl, A., and Manfred Geiger. "Investigations on Seam Quality in Laser Beam Welding of Contaminated, Zinc Coated Sheets." In Sheet Metal 2005, 187–94. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-972-5.187.

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Conference papers on the topic "ZINC COATED C.I"

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He, F. "Investigation of the influence of workpiece-side parameters on the layer formation of zinc-coated boron-manganese steel." In Sheet Metal 2023. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902417-53.

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Abstract. The hot stamping process has been established as a technology for the production of ultrahigh-strength steel parts for safety-relevant components in lightweight construction for the automotive sector. Thanks to the reduced overall thickness combined with high tensile strength, it is possible to realize lightweight design concepts with improved crash behavior. Boron-manganese steels are usually used for this purpose. Due to initial process temperatures above 800 °C, hot stamping is considered a lubricant-free process. In addition to high friction and wear in the process, surface scaling and the need for tool repairs are the result. In light of these phenomena, hot stamping materials are coated to protect them from corrosion. Until now, aluminum-silicon-based coatings have been primarily used for the direct hot stamping route. While zinc-based coatings have so far mainly found usage in the indirect process route, they are now also become a valid alternative for the direct process route. In previous investigations, a significant influence of workpiece-side parameters on the formation of the coating during the austenitization process was found for aluminum-silicon (AlSi) coatings. In light of this, a similarly significant influence is suspected for zinc-based coatings. The parameters heating rate, furnace temperature and dwell time in the furnace and the effect on the coating formation of zinc-coated 20MnB8 during austenitization will be investigated. The resulting findings will form the basis for further experiments to investigate the influence of the parameters on friction and wear in the industry near strip drawing tests.

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Myers, Philip D., D. Yogi Goswami, and Elias Stefanakos. "Molten Salt Spectroscopy for Quantification of Radiative Absorption in Novel Metal Chloride-Enhanced Thermal Storage Media." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-40157.

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This study describes the development and characterization of novel high-temperature thermal storage media, based on inclusion of transition metal chlorides in the potassium-sodium chloride eutectic system, (K-Na)Cl (melting temperature of 657°C, latent heat of 278 J/g). At the melting temperature of (K-Na)Cl, infrared (IR) radiation can play a major role in the overall heat transfer process — 90 percent of spectral blackbody radiation falls in the range of 2 to 13 μm. The authors propose inclusion of small amounts (less than 0.2 wt %) of IR-active transition metal chlorides to increase radiative absorption and thereby enhance heat transfer rates. A new IR reflectance apparatus was developed to allow for determination of the spectral absorption coefficient of the newly formulated PCMs in the molten state. The apparatus consisted of an alumina crucible coated at the bottom with a reflective (platinum) or absorptive (graphite) surface, a heated ceramic crucible-holder, and a combination of zinc sulfide (ZnS) and zinc selenide (ZnSe) windows for containment of the salt and allowance of inert purge gas flow. Using this apparatus, IR spectra were obtained for various transition metal chloride additives in (K-Na)Cl, and improved infrared activity and radiative transfer properties were quantified. Further, thermophysical properties relevant to thermal energy storage (i.e., melting temperature, latent heat) are measured for the pure and additive-enhanced thermal storage medium.

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Ahmad, Mohammad, Zuhair Khan, Mian Muneeb Ur Rehman, Asghar Ali, and Shaheer Aslam. "A Study of Aluminum Doped ZnO Thin Films Developed via a Hybrid Method Involving Sputter Deposition and Wet Chemical Synthesis." In International Symposium on Advanced Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-s02qs7.

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Transparent conducting oxides (TCO) are semiconducting materials that are electrically conductive as well as optically transparent thus making them suitable for application in photovoltaics, transparent heat transfer windows, electrochromic windows, flexible display, and transparent electronics. One of the methods to enhance the conductivity of metal oxides is doping, however, it can adversely affect the optical transparency of metal oxide. Aluminum (Al) doped zinc (Zn) oxide (AZO) is an important TCO material whose optoelectronic properties heavily rely on the Al doping level. There are various methods to develop AZO thin films. However, since Al and Zn are high vapor pressure materials, and their precise content control isn’t that easy, that’s why we dedicated this study to devise a facile method of Al doping into the ZnO structure. We report a twostep synthesis route to develop AZO thin films over glass substrates. Sub stoichiometric zinc oxide (ZnOx) thin films were sputter deposited over glass employing RF magnetron sputtering at 70W and 9 x 10-3 Torr Ar pressure. To mitigate Zn losses during annealing at 450 °C, the films were first oxidized up to 200 °C in air so as to convert ZnOx into stoichiometric ZnO. To incorporate Al into the ZnO structure, Al was spin coated on top of ZnO from its stabilized sol of 0.07 molar aluminum nitrate nonahydrate in ethanol. The samples were subsequently annealed at 450 °C for 2h in air with a controlled heating ramp of 3 °C/min. The film morphology, microstructure, electronic, and optical characteristics were explored employing scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, Hall effect measurements, and UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometry, respectively. We found that both the Al and oxygen (O) content affect the optoelectronic behavior of AZO. Even without Al doping, O deficient samples were found to be sufficiently conductive, however, the ZnOx is less transparent relative to O rich stoichiometric ZnO. Furthermore, if ZnOx is annealed at higher temperatures, it causes Zn losses, since Zn is a relatively high vapor pressure material. It degrades the film morphology as well. Once we have ZnO we can confidently treat it at 450 °C to allow Al diffusion into the interiors of the ZnO film. We found that AZO produced via this method is sufficiently conductive as well as transparent.

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Fedorova, M., L. Baldaev, S. Baldaev, N. Baldaev, A. Akhmetgareeva, and V. Martyanova. "An Investigation of the Corrosion and Cavitation Resistance of Different Thermally Sprayed Coatings in River and Marine Environments." In ITSC2017, edited by A. Agarwal, G. Bolelli, A. Concustell, Y. C. Lau, A. McDonald, F. L. Toma, E. Turunen, and C. A. Widener. DVS Media GmbH, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2017p0809.

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Abstract To evaluate the corrosion resistance of various coatings applied by the flame spraying method, and to compare their protective properties in sweet- and sea-water samples with seven types of coatings were made, one of them is paint, used to coat ship’s bottom. SEM, Neutral spray salt, according to ASTM B117, erosion-corrosion (E-C) tests in sweet- and sea-water were carried out. The test results showed that coatings based on zinc alloys and polymer are much more effective than standard epoxy coatings and can be compared with expensive zinc-filled paints, because the latter require frequent repairs and repainting. Moreover, the developed coatings are supposed to protect against fouling. At the moment, the fouling tests are continuing.

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Xu, Jianhui, Guodong David Zhan, Timothy E. Moellendick, and Wenhui Jiang. "Advanced Coating to Mitigate PDC Cutter Thermal Degradation in PDC Bit Manufacturing." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21954-ms.

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Abstract Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) cutters on PDC drill bits are the primary cutting elements to shear and scrape the formations during drilling process. In the PDC drill bit manufacturing, PDC cutters are attached onto drill bit with silver-copper-zinc alloys by brazing process. PDC cutters face the challenge of thermal degradation during this brazing process. This paper studies the development of an advanced coating on PDC cutter to mitigate its thermal degradation in the brazing process. The advanced coating is applied by physical vapor deposition process on PDC cutter. The coated cutter surface is checked by scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the coating integrity. Both the coated and uncoated cutters are brazed and debrazed to mimic the heating cycle of drill bit manufacturing. They are then tested in a vertical turret lathe to shear a rotating granite rock. The volume losses from the wear scars of the cutters after specific passes are compared among those the coated and uncoated PDC cutters. The SEM results show that coating is in good integrity on the PDC cutter surfaces. The coating is continuous, dense without porosity or microcrack. No obvious oxidation is observed after a high-temperature heat treatment at 740 °C, which was used to mimic the overheating brazing process, which is commonly encountered during bit manufacturing. Then, the vertical turret lathe test results show that the coating on the PDC cutters improves the wear resistance by 50% when compared with that of uncoated cutters, after the brazing and de-brazing simulation. This work presents a solution to the thermal degradation of the PDC cutters after brazing process by using an advanced coating process. With the improved wear resistance due to the coating protection, the life of drill bit and its rate of penetration (ROP) during the drilling process can be significantly improved. It is expected to save a lot of drilling time and cost for the drilling operation in the E&P sector.

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Croccolo, Dario, Massimiliano De Agostinis, Stefano Fini, Giorgio Olmi, Luca Paiardini, and Francesco Robusto. "Experimental Characterization of the Ageing Behaviour of Anaerobic Threadlockers." In ASME 2021 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2021-62422.

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Abstract Threadlockers are widely used in threaded connections in order to prevent the preload loss (e.g., due to self-loosening). Threadlockers are commercially available in different formulations, such as liquid (to be applied just before tightening) or semi-solid (pre-applied on the screw). Previous research focused on both the frictional behaviour at tightening of the joint with applied threadlocker, and on the breakaway torque of the joint after complete polimerization of the threadlocker. Nonetheless, threadlocker-enhanced joints are often operated at variable levels of temperature and humidity. A literature survey reveals lack of data about the residual strength of threadlocker-enhanced joints after operation at temperature/humidity levels different by the reference ambient levels. The present research tackles the aforementioned issue, by means of an experimental campaign carried out on a liquid medium-strength anaerobic adhesive applied to metric, 8.8 grade, Zinc-coated screws. Upon complete polimerization of the adhesive, the joints have been aged in an environmental chamber at four different combinations of temperature (RT – 90°C) and humidity (20%–90%) for one week. The joints have then been unlocked, sampling the breakaway torque. Statistical analysis of the data has been carried out to determine the significance of each parameter on the breakaway torque of the aged joint.

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Gaston, Maury D. "Zinc-Coated Ductile Iron Pipe." In Pipelines 2016. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479957.022.

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Ruiz, Maritza, Claire M. Kunkle, Jorge Padilla, and Van P. Carey. "Boiling Heat Transfer Performance in a Spiraling Radial Inflow Microchannel Cold Plate." In ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2015-48406.

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This study presents an experimental exploration of flow boiling heat transfer in a spiraling radial inflow microchannel heat sink. The effect of surface wettability, fluid subcooling levels, and mass fluxes are considered in this type of heat sink for use in applications with high fluxes up to 300 W/cm2. The design of the heat sink provides an inward radial swirl flow between parallel, coaxial disks that form a microchannel of 300 μm and 1 cm radius with a single inlet and a single outlet. The channel is heated on one side through a copper conducting surface, while the opposite side is essentially adiabatic to simulate a heat sink scenario for electronics cooling. Flow boiling heat transfer and pressure drop data were obtained for this heat sink device using water at near atmospheric pressure as the working fluid for inlet subcooling levels from 20 to 81°C and mean mass flux levels ranging from 184 to 716 kg/m2s. To explore the effects of varying surface wetting, experiments were conducted with two different heated surfaces. One was a clean, machined copper surface with water equilibrium contact angles in the range of 14–40°, typical of common metal surfaces. The other was a surface coated with zinc oxide nanostructures that are superhydrophilic with equilibrium contact angles measured below 10°. During boiling, increased wettability resulted in quicker rewetting and smaller bubble departure diameter as indicated by reduced temperature oscillations during boiling and achieving higher maximum heat flux without dryout. Reducing inlet subcooling levels was also found to reduce the magnitude of oscillations in the oscillatory boiling regime. The highest heat transfer coefficients were seen in fully developed boiling with low subcooling levels as a result of heat transfer being dominated by nucleate boiling. The highest heat fluxes achieved were during partial subcooled flow boiling at 300 W/cm2 with an average surface temperature of 134 °C and requiring a pumping power to heat rate ratio of 0.01%. The hydrophilic surface retained wettability after a series of boiling tests. Recommendations for use of this heat sink design in high flux applications is also discussed.

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Seiji, Katayama, Wu Yushen, and Matsunawa Akira. "Laser weldability of zinc-coated steels." In ICALEO® 2001: Proceedings of the Laser Materials Processing Conference and Laser Microfabrication Conference. Laser Institute of America, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5059905.

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Roberts, T. R., D. J. Robbins, D. M. Smith, and J. Zappia. "Corrosion Behavior of Painted Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Autobody Sheet Steels." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/860269.

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Reports on the topic "ZINC COATED C.I"

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Shipilov, Sergei A., Kinga A. Unocic, and Bruce A. Pint. Evaluation of Zinc-Coated Ductile Iron Pipe. Test accounts, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1329775.

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Kouzes, Richard T., and James H. Ely. Lithium and Zinc Sulfide Coated Plastic Neutron Detector Test. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/991090.

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Blunk, Sara, Ricardo Torres, Leticia Bemben, Mirella Manosso, and Paulo Soares. Tribological behavior of WC/C coated AISI 420 steel in artificial saliva. Peeref, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2304p9756340.

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Pandey, R. N., and E. Ingard. Zinc chloride catalyzed flash hydropyrolysis of + 525 °C pitch from Cold Lake bitumen. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304360.

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Cao, J. In situ toughened SiC ceramics with Al-B-C additions and oxide-coated SiC platelet/SiC composites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/414374.

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Grindley, T. Adsorption of hydrogen sulfide by zinc ferrite in the temperature range 315 to 538 C (600 to 1,000 F). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185691.

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Samson-Ovia, Richard. PR-261-133603-R01 The Effects of Test Voltage on FBE Coatings. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010884.

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The objective of this project is to study the impact of testing voltages for holiday detection on the long term integrity of FBE coatings. It is designed to determine the optimum testing voltage for locating holidays on FBE coated pipelines without causing damage to the coating, and also to establish an optimal grounding procedure for holiday detection. To achieve the set goals of this project, the work plan was designed to include both laboratory and field testing components. The coupons used for laboratory evaluation in this study were made from Grade X70, 36� OD X 0.465� WT pipeline with a 16 mil single layer FBE coating. Test voltages ranged from 2.8 kV to 7.1 kV in an attempt to establish an upper cut-off voltage limit above which the coating will be damaged. Temperatures of 20 �C and 40 �C, and relative humidity of 25%, 55% and 95% were tested. Temperatures of 0 �C and -20 �C were also tested to simulate cold climatic conditions. One pinhole holiday size of 790 �m (0.031�) diameter was selected to be milled on all the prepared coupons.

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Choudhary, Ruplal, Victor Rodov, Punit Kohli, Elena Poverenov, John Haddock, and Moshe Shemesh. Antimicrobial functionalized nanoparticles for enhancing food safety and quality. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598156.bard.

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Original objectives The general goal of the project was to utilize the bactericidal potential of curcumin- functionalizednanostructures (CFN) for reinforcement of food safety by developing active antimicrobial food-contact surfaces. In order to reach the goal, the following secondary tasks were pursued: (a) further enhancement of the CFN activity based on understanding their mode of action; (b) preparing efficient antimicrobial surfaces, investigating and optimizing their performance; (c) testing the efficacy of the antimicrobial surfaces in real food trials. Background to the topic The project dealt with reducing microbial food spoilage and safety hazards. Cross-contamination through food-contact surfaces is one of the major safety concerns, aggravated by bacterial biofilm formation. The project implemented nanotech methods to develop novel antimicrobial food-contact materials based on natural compounds. Food-grade phenylpropanoidcurcumin was chosen as the most promising active principle for this research. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements In agreement with the original plan, the following research tasks were performed. Optimization of particles structure and composition. Three types of curcumin-functionalizednanostructures were developed and tested: liposome-type polydiacetylenenanovesicles, surface- stabilized nanoparticles and methyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes (MBCD). The three types had similar minimal inhibitory concentration but different mode of action. Nanovesicles and inclusion complexes were bactericidal while the nanoparticlesbacteriostatic. The difference might be due to different paths of curcumin penetration into bacterial cell. Enhancing the antimicrobial efficacy of CFN by photosensitization. Light exposure strengthened the bactericidal efficacy of curcumin-MBCD inclusion complexes approximately three-fold and enhanced the bacterial death on curcumin-coated plastic surfaces. Investigating the mode of action of CFN. Toxicoproteomic study revealed oxidative stress in curcumin-treated cells of E. coli. In the dark, this effect was alleviated by cellular adaptive responses. Under light, the enhanced ROS burst overrode the cellular adaptive mechanisms, disrupted the iron metabolism and synthesis of Fe-S clusters, eventually leading to cell death. Developing industrially-feasible methods of binding CFN to food-contact surfaces. CFN binding methods were developed for various substrates: covalent binding (binding nanovesicles to glass, plastic and metal), sonochemical impregnation (binding nanoparticles to plastics) and electrostatic layer-by-layer coating (binding inclusion complexes to glass and plastics). Investigating the performance of CFN-coated surfaces. Flexible and rigid plastic materials and glass coated with CFN demonstrated bactericidal activity towards Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (Bac. cereus) bacteria. In addition, CFN-impregnated plastic material inhibited bacterial attachment and biofilm development. Testing the efficacy of CFN in food preservation trials. Efficient cold pasteurization of tender coconut water inoculated with E. coli and Listeriamonocytogeneswas performed by circulation through a column filled with CFN-coated glass beads. Combination of curcumin coating with blue light prevented bacterial cross contamination of fresh-cut melons through plastic surfaces contaminated with E. coli or Bac. licheniformis. Furthermore, coating of strawberries with CFN reduced fruit spoilage during simulated transportation extending the shelf life by 2-3 days. Implications, both scientific and agricultural BARD Report - Project4680 Page 2 of 17 Antimicrobial food-contact nanomaterials based on natural active principles will preserve food quality and ensure safety. Understanding mode of antimicrobial action of curcumin will allow enhancing its dark efficacy, e.g. by targeting the microbial cellular adaptation mechanisms.

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Taylor. L51755 Development and Testing of an Advanced Technology Vibration Transmission. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010124.

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Fiber optic sensors have been under development in industrial and government laboratories around the world for over a decade. The commercial market for fiber sensors for measuring parameters such as temperature, displacement, and liquid level is now estimated to exceed $100 M/year. Aside from the commercial interest, the U. S. Department of Defense has vigorously pursued the development of fiber gyroscopes and hydrophones. In spite of the high level of research and development activity, however, until recently fiber sensors had not been successfully applied in high-temperature engine environments. The goal of this effort is to develop and test high-temperature fiber optic sensors and show that they are suitable for monitoring vibration and other instabilities in gas turbine engines. The underlying technology developed during the course of PRCI projects PR- 219-9120 and PR-219-9225 during 1991-94 serves as the foundation for PR-240-9416. Transducers with the fiber optic Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) configuration have been adapted for use in the turbomachinery environment.To ensure the survival of the FFPI sensors at high temperatures, two techniques for coating the fibers with metal have been developed: electroplating and vacuum deposition. Coated sensors have subsequently been embedded in aluminum and brass alloys. Experiments on a small Sargent Welch turbine engine have shown the high sensitivity of embedded FFPI strain sensors to vibration in rolling bearings. Data have been collected in both the time and frequency domain. A new accelerometer design in which a metal-coated fiber containing the FFPI element is soldered directly to a diaphragm in a stainless steel housing shows response similar to a piezoelectric accelerometer in shaker table tests. The high sensitivity of the FFPI accelerometer has been demonstrated in field tests in a Solar Centaur turbine engine, and the design has survived temperatures greater than 500�C in a test oven. A magnetometer with a physical configuration similar to that of the accelerometer has been used to measure the distance from the sensor head to a rotating shaft made of ferromagnetic material. This device, which functions as a proximity probe, has been used to monitor shaft rotation rate (keyphasor application) and as a shaft thrust position sensor. These results indicate the potential for performing critical measurements in turbine engines with FFPI sensors. They can measure acceleration, distance (proximity), strain (as it relates to bearing defect diagnosis), and gas pressure, and can operate at higher temperatures than conventional transducers.

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Paran, Ilan, and Allen Van Deynze. Regulation of pepper fruit color, chloroplasts development and their importance in fruit quality. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598173.bard.

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Pepper exhibits large natural variation in chlorophyll content in the immature fruit. To dissect the genetic and molecular basis of this variation, we conducted QTL mapping for chlorophyll content in a cross between light and dark green-fruited parents, PI 152225 and 1154. Two major QTLs, pc1 and pc10, that control chlorophyll content by modulation of chloroplast compartment size in a fruit-specific manner were detected in chromosomes 1 and 10, respectively. The pepper homolog of GOLDEN2- LIKE transcription factor (CaGLK2) was found as underlying pc10, similar to its effect on tomato fruit chloroplast development. A candidate gene for pc1was found as controlling chlorophyll content in pepper by the modulation of chloroplast size and number. Fine mapping of pc1 aided by bulked DNA and RNA-seq analyses enabled the identification of a zinc finger transcription factor LOL1 (LSD-One-Like 1) as a candidate gene underlying pc1. LOL1 is a positive regulator of oxidative stress- induced cell death in Arabidopsis. However, over expression of the rice ortholog resulted in an increase of chlorophyll content. Interestingly, CaAPRR2 that is linked to the QTL and was found to affect immature pepper fruit color in a previous study, did not have a significant effect on chlorophyll content in the present study. Verification of the candidate's function was done by generating CRISPR/Cas9 knockout mutants of the orthologues tomato gene, while its knockout experiment in pepper by genome editing is under progress. Phenotypic similarity as a consequence of disrupting the transcription factor in both pepper and tomato indicated its functional conservation in controlling chlorophyll content in the Solanaceae. A limited sequence diversity study indicated that null mutations in CaLOL1 and its putative interactorCaMIP1 are present in C. chinensebut not in C. annuum. Combinations of mutations in CaLOL1, CaMIP1, CaGLK2 and CaAPRR2 are required for the creation of the extreme variation in chlorophyll content in Capsicum.

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