Academic literature on the topic 'Zhan hou'
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Journal articles on the topic "Zhan hou"
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Wichtowski, Marek. "Why phenomenological theory cannot be used to analyze the dynamics of dark photorefractive solitons." Photonics Letters of Poland 15, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v15i4.1244.
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The currently used theory of both bright and dark spatial photorefractive (PR) solitons is a phenomenological theory. In the work we consider the dynamics of dark beams using a microscopic model based on the PR transport equations. It is generally believed that such a theory is more accurate. It has been found that these two approaches can give completely different predictions regarding the formation time of dark beams. The discrepancies can reach up to two orders of magnitude. An approximate analytical solution was presented and a new time constant was introduced taking into account crystals from three classes of PR materials: ferroelectrics, sillenites and semiconductors. Full Text: PDF References A. Katti, R.A. Yadav, Optical Spatial Solitons in Photorefractive Materials (Singapore, Springer, 2021) CrossRef E. DelRe, M. Segev, Ch. 23 in Self-focusing: Past and Present, ed. by R.W. Boyd, S.G. Lukishova, Y.R. Shen (New York, Springer, 2009). CrossRef M. Wichtowski, "On conformity of solutions for one-dimensional photorefractive screening solitons with the Kukhtarev–Vinetskii model", Appl. Phys. B 120, 527 (2015). CrossRef M. Segev, B. Crosignani, P. Di Porto et al., in Photorefractive Spatial Solitons, (Kluwer Academic Publisher, New York, 2002). DirectLink K. Zhan, Ch. Hou, S. Pu, "Temporal behavior of spatial solitons in centrosymmetric photorefractive crystals", Opt. Laser Technol. 43, 1274 (2011). CrossRef J. Maufoy, N. Fressengeas, D.Wolfersberger, G. Kugel, "Simulation of the temporal behavior of soliton propagation in photorefractive media", Phys. Rev. E 59, 6116 (1999). CrossRef A. Katti, M.S. Pande, "Formation characteristics of dark solitons in photorefractive crystals having both linear and quadratic electro-optic effect simultaneously", Opt. Quantum Electron. 55, 1132 (2023). CrossRef
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Ragiń, T., A. Baranowska, M. Sołtys, A. Górny, J. Zmojda, M. Kochanowicz, P. Mikulski, R. Jadach, and D. Dorosz. "Up-conversion luminescence in low phonon heavy metal oxide glass co-doped with Er3+/Ho3+." Photonics Letters of Poland 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v10i1.802.
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In this paper, heavy metal oxide glasses co-doped with erbium and holmium ions have been synthesized. Glass composition, based on the bismuth and germanium oxides, has been selected in terms of high thermal stability (delta T = 125 °C), high refractive index (n = 2.19) and low maximum phonon energy (hvmax = 724 cm-1). Up-conversion luminescence spectra under the 980 nm laser diode excitation have been observed as a result of radiative transitions within the quantum energy level structures of Er3+ and Ho3+ ions. Optimization of rare earth ions content has been conducted, the highest emission intensity in the visible wavelength range has been observed in glass co-doped with molar concentration 0.5 Er2O3 / 0.5 Ho2O3. Full Text: PDF ReferencesF. Zhang, Z. Bi, A. Huang, Z. Xiao, "Visible luminescence properties of Er3+?Pr3+ codoped fluorotellurite glasses", Opt. Materials 41, 112 (2014). CrossRef S. Li, S. Ye, T. Liu, H. Wang, D. Wang, "Enhanced up-conversion emissions in ZnO-LiYbO2:RE3+ (RE = Er or Ho) hybrid phosphors through surface modification", J. All. Comp. 658, 85 (2016). CrossRef J. Fu, X. Zhang, Z. Chao, Z. Li, J. Liao, D. Hou, H. Wen, X. Lu, X. Xie, "Enhanced upconversion luminescence of NaYF4:Yb, Er microprisms via La3+ doping", Opt. Laser Tech. 88, 280 (2017). CrossRef Y. Tian, R. Xu, L. Hu, J. Zhang, "2.7 ?m fluorescence radiative dynamics and energy transfer between Er3+ and Tm3+ ions in fluoride glass under 800 nm and 980 nm excitation", J. Quant. Spec. Rad. Tra. 113, 87 (2012). CrossRef M. Zhang, A. Yang, Y. Peng, B. Zhang, H. Ren, W. Guo, Y. Yang, C. Zhai, Y. Wang, Z. Yang, D. Tang, "Dy3+-doped Ga?Sb?S chalcogenide glasses for mid-infrared lasers", Mat. Res. Bul. 70, 55 (2015). CrossRef G. Yang, T. Li, "Broadband 1.53 ?m emission in Er3+-doped Ga-Bi-Pb-Ge heavy metal oxide glasses", J. Rare Earths 26, 924 (2008). CrossRef Y. Guo, Y. Tian, L. Zhang, L. Hu, J. Zhang, "Erbium doped heavy metal oxide glasses for mid-infrared laser materials", J. Non-Cryst. Solids 377, 119 (2013). CrossRef Z. Hou, Z. Xue, F. Li, M. Wang, X. Hu, S. Wang, "Luminescence and up-conversion mechanism of Er3+/Ho3+ co-doped oxyfluoride tellurite glasses and glass?ceramics", J. All. Comp. 577, 523 (2013). CrossRef X. Li, Q. Nie, S. Dai, T. Xu, L. Lu, X. Zhang, "Energy transfer and frequency upconversion in Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped bismuth-germanate glasses", J. All. Comp. 454, 510 (2008). CrossRef S.S. Rojas, J.E. De Souza, M.R.B. Andreeta, A.C. Hernandes, "Influence of ceria addition on thermal properties and local structure of bismuth germanate glasses", J. Non-Cryst. Solids 356, 2942 (2010). CrossRef M.S. Ebrahim, Irina, Mid-infrared coherent sources and applications, Springer (2008). CrossRef T. Ragin, J. Zmojda, M. Kochanowicz, P. Miluski, P. Jelen, M. Sitarz, D. Dorosz, "Enhanced mid-infrared 2.7 ?m luminescence in low hydroxide bismuth-germanate glass and optical fiber co-doped with Er3 +/Yb3 + ions", J. Non-Cryst. Solids 457, 169 (2017). CrossRef K. Biswas, A.D. Sontakke, R. Sen, K. Annapurna, "Enhanced 2 ?m broad-band emission and NIR to visible frequency up-conversion from Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped Bi2O3?GeO2?ZnO glasses", Spectr. Acta. Part A, Mol. Biomol. Spectr. 112, 301-308 (2013). CrossRef R.S. Romaniuk, D. Dorosz, J. Żmojda, M. Kochanowicz, W. Mazerski, "Upconversion luminescence in tellurite glass codoped with Yb3+/Ho3+ ions", Proc. of SPIE 8903, 890307 (2013). CrossRef
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Hu, Yuefei. "Review on Zhang Dazhi’s Tang dai hou qi fan zhen yu zhou zhi guan xi yan jiu." Jiuzhou Xuelin 2013, no. 33 (2013): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5404/jiuzhou.2013.33.09.
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Nivison, David S., and Edward L. Shaughnessy. "The Jin Hou Su Bells Inscription and its Implications for the Chronology of Early China." Early China 25 (2000): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362502800004260.
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Since the Jin Hou Su chime-bells from the cemetery of the Jin lords at Tianma-Qucun, Shanxi, became known to the scholarly world, the problem of the dates contained in its inscription has attracted the attention of scholars both in and outside of China. In this article we discuss two aspects of this problem. First, while the “thirty-third year” date of the inscription must certainly refer to King Xuan's reign, which is to say 795 B.C., the four full date notations of the inscription are incompatible with this year, but are instead compatible with the following year, 794 B.C. This article suggests two ways to reconcile this discrepancy. Second, while there can be no doubt that Jin Hou Su is Jin Xian Hou, the “Jin shijia” chapter of the Shi ji gives his dates of reign as 822 to 812 B.C., which is in turn incompatible with either 795 or 794 B.C. However, in the Shi ji's genealogy of Jin lords, the son of Xian Hou is Mu Hou and the grandson of Mu Hou is Zhao Hou, which contradicts the zhao-mu structure of the Zhou ancestral system. Therefore, we propose that the Shiji has reversed the order of Xian Hou and Mu Hou, such that Xian Hou's reign actually extended from King Xuan's thirty-third year through his forty-third year (795-785 B.C.). Not only does this simple change in the genealogy of the Jin lords resolve the problem of the dates in the Jin Hou Su bells inscription, but it also serves to explain an entire array of problems in the chronology of early China.
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Cronin, Stephen B. "(Invited) In Situ spectroscopy of Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Interfaces." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 48 (October 9, 2022): 1823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02481823mtgabs.
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We explore various aspects of electrochemistry and photoelectrochemistry using in situ spectroscopy of electrode (metal) and photoelectrode (semiconductor) interfaces under electrochemical working conditions. Using sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, we measure the voltage dependence of the orientation of D2O molecules at a graphene electrode surface, which enables us to extract the free energy orienting potential of interfacial water.1 In particular, we measure the “free OD” feature in the spectra, which corresponds to the topmost water molecule that is rotated up out of the bulk water solution and is, therefore, not hydrogen bonded. Using transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS), we measure the lifetime of hot electrons photoexcited in plasmon resonant nanostructures.5 In a similar study, we use transient reflectance spectroscopy (TRS) to measure the photoexcited carrier dynamics in a GaP/TiO2 photoelectrode, as well as the electrostatic field dynamics at this semiconductor-liquid interface in situ under various electrochemical potentials.2 Here, the electrostatic fields at the surface of the semiconductor are measured via Franz−Keldysh oscillations (FKO). These spectra reveal that the nanoscale TiO2 protection layer enhances the built-in field and charge separation performance of GaP photoelectrodes. Using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy, we monitor local electric fields via Stark-shifts of nitrile-functionalized silicon photoelectrodes.6 By monitoring Stark shifts in graphene-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (GERS), we measure local electric fields and local charge densities at monolayer graphene electrode surfaces.3 Lastly, we measure the stacking dependence of monolayer WSe2/MoSe2 heterostructures and observe resonant excitation of interlayer excitons for photocatalytic energy conversion.4 Montenegro, A., C. Dutta, M. Mammetkuliev, H.T. Shi, B.Y. Hou, D. Bhattacharyya, B.F. Zhao, S.B. Cronin and A.V. Benderskii, Asymmetric response of interfacial water to applied electric fields. Nature, 594, 62 (2021). Xu, Z.H., B.Y. Hou, F.Y. Zhao, Z. Cai, H.T. Shi, Y.W. Liu, C.L. Hill, D.G. Musaev, M. Mecklenburg, S.B. Cronin and T.Q. Lian, Nanoscale TiO2 Protection Layer Enhances the Built-In Field and Charge Separation Performance of GaP Photoelectrodes. Nano Letters, 21, 8017-8024 (2021). Shi, H.T., B.F. Zhao, J. Ma, M.J. Bronson, Z. Cai, J.H. Chen, Y. Wang, M. Cronin, L. Jensen and S.B. Cronin, Measuring Local Electric Fields and Local Charge Densities at Electrode Surfaces Using Graphene-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (GERS)-Based Stark-Shifts. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 11, 36252-36258 (2019). Chen, J., C.S. Bailey, D. Cui, Y. Wang, B. Wang, H. Shi, Z. Cai, E. Pop, C. Zhou and S.B. Cronin, Stacking Independence and Resonant Interlayer Excitation of Monolayer WSe2/MoSe2 Heterostructures for Photocatalytic Energy Conversion. ACS Applied Nano Materials, DOI:10.1021/acsanm.9b01898 (2020). Yu Wang, Yi Wang, Indu Aravind, Zhi Cai, Lang Shen, Boxin Zhang, Bo Wang, Jihan Chen, Bofan Zhao, Haotian Shi, Jahan M. Dawlaty, and Stephen B. Cronin. In Situ Investigation of Ultrafast Dynamics of Hot Electron-Driven Photocatalysis in Plasmon-Resonant Grating Structures. Journal of the American Chemical Society. DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12069 (2022). Haotian Shi, Ryan T. Pekarek, Ran Chen, Boxin Zhang, Yu Wang, Indu Aravind, Zhi Cai, Lasse Jensen, Nathan R. Neale, and Stephen B. Cronin. Monitoring Local Electric Fields using Stark Shifts on Napthyl Nitrile-Functionalized Silicon Photoelectrodes. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 124, 17000-17005 (2020).
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Cronin, Stephen B. "(Invited) In Situ Spectroscopy of Electrocatalytic and Photocatalytic Interfaces." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 46 (August 28, 2023): 2505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01462505mtgabs.
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We report various aspects of electrochemistry and photoelectrochemistry using in situ spectroscopy of electrode (metal) and photoelectrode (semiconductor) interfaces in situ under electrochemical working conditions. These spectroscopies include sum frequency generation (SFG), transient reflectance/absorption spectroscopy (TAS/TRS), and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy, we monitor local electric fields using Stark-shifts of nitrile-functionalized silicon photoelectrodes.6 Using Graphene-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (GERS)-based Stark-shifts, we measure local electric fields and local charge densities at monolayer graphene electrode surfaces.1 We also measured the stacking dependence and Resonant interlayer excitation of monolayer WSe2/MoSe2 heterostructures for photocatalytic energy conversion.2 Using sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, we measure the voltage dependence of the orientation of D2O molecules at a graphene electrode surface, which is related back to the “stiffness of the ensemble”.3 In particular, we measured the “free OD” feature in the spectra, which corresponds to the topmost water molecule that is rotated up out of the bulk water solution and is, therefore, not hydrogen bonded. Using transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS), we measure the lifetime of hot electrons photoexcited in plasmon resonant nanostructures.5 Using transient reflectance spectroscopy (TRS), we measure the photoexcited carrier dynamics in a GaP/TiO2 photoelectrode, as well as the electrostatic field dynamics at this semiconductor-liquid interfaces in situ under various electrochemical potentials.4 Here, the electrostatic fields at the surface of the semiconductor are measured via Franz−Keldysh oscillations (FKO). These spectra reveal that the nanoscale TiO2 protection layer enhances the built-in field and charge separation performance of GaP photoelectrodes. Shi, H.T., B.F. Zhao, J. Ma, M.J. Bronson, Z. Cai, J.H. Chen, Y. Wang, M. Cronin, L. Jensen and S.B. Cronin, Measuring Local Electric Fields and Local Charge Densities at Electrode Surfaces Using Graphene-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (GERS)-Based Stark-Shifts. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 11, 36252-36258 (2019). Chen, J., C.S. Bailey, D. Cui, Y. Wang, B. Wang, H. Shi, Z. Cai, E. Pop, C. Zhou and S.B. Cronin, Stacking Independence and Resonant Interlayer Excitation of Monolayer WSe2/MoSe2 Heterostructures for Photocatalytic Energy Conversion. ACS Applied Nano Materials, DOI:10.1021/acsanm.9b01898 (2020). Montenegro, A., C. Dutta, M. Mammetkuliev, H.T. Shi, B.Y. Hou, D. Bhattacharyya, B.F. Zhao, S.B. Cronin and A.V. Benderskii, Asymmetric response of interfacial water to applied electric fields. Nature, 594, 62 (2021). Xu, Z.H., B.Y. Hou, F.Y. Zhao, Z. Cai, H.T. Shi, Y.W. Liu, C.L. Hill, D.G. Musaev, M. Mecklenburg, S.B. Cronin and T.Q. Lian, Nanoscale TiO2 Protection Layer Enhances the Built-In Field and Charge Separation Performance of GaP Photoelectrodes. Nano Letters, 21, 8017-8024 (2021). Yu Wang, Yi Wang, Indu Aravind, Zhi Cai, Lang Shen, Boxin Zhang, Bo Wang, Jihan Chen, Bofan Zhao, Haotian Shi, Jahan M. Dawlaty, and Stephen B. Cronin. In Situ Investigation of Ultrafast Dynamics of Hot Electron-Driven Photocatalysis in Plasmon-Resonant Grating Structures. Journal of the American Chemical Society. DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12069 (2022). Haotian Shi, Ryan T. Pekarek, Ran Chen, Boxin Zhang, Yu Wang, Indu Aravind, Zhi Cai, Lasse Jensen, Nathan R. Neale, and Stephen B. Cronin. Monitoring Local Electric Fields using Stark Shifts on Napthyl Nitrile-Functionalized Silicon Photoelectrodes. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 124, 17000-17005 (2020).
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Wenhang, Yu. "TIMBRE SOLUTIONS IN CHAMBER MUSIC BY ZUO ZHEN-GUAN IN THE 1980S (Sonata for cello solo and Triptych for three flutes)." Arts education and science 4, no. 33 (2022): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202204070.
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Zuo Zhen-Guan is a modern Moscow composer of Chinese origin, whose life and creative work are largely associated with Russian culture. In his versatile oeuvre, which includes different genres, Zuo Zhen-Guan combines elements of Russian and Chinese musical cultures in an organic way. Chinese traditions are found in almost all of the composer's works. These can be seen in his references to traditional philosophy, religion and poetry, as well as in his devotion to particular themes and subjects. The images of his works are specific, they are expressed in the distinctive features of the composer's musical style, in the sonorous and rhythmic components of the musical language, in the timbre solutions and genre combinations. The purpose of this study is to identify the timbre solutions through which Zuo Zhen- Guan embodies the flavor of Chinese traditional instruments in his chamber compositions. The range of tasks included highlighting the features of Zuo Zhen-Guan's oeuvre; presenting a panorama of Chinese traditional instruments; and analyzing the timbre solutions in his chamber works — the Cello Sonata and the Triptych for three flutes.
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Sun, Haitao, Dapeng Xu, Weiqing Qian, and Bin Xu. "Comparison of Clinical Effects of Intramedullary Nail Internal Fixation and Traditional Steel Plate Internal Fixation in the Treatment of Zhang-Hou Fracture." Journal of Surgery 12, no. 2 (April 2, 2024): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20241202.13.
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<i>Objective: </i>The objective of this study was to analyse and compare of the clinical effects of two surgical methods in the treatment of Zhang-Hou fracture; <i>Method</i>: A total of 34 patients with Zhang-Hou fracture diagnosed in our hospital from 2020.08 to 2022.06 were reviewed. Among them, 17 patients were treated with tibial intramedullary nail internal fixation and 17 patients with traditional steel plate internal fixation. The blood loss, operation time, fracture healing time, excellent rate of affected limb function and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. <i>Result</i>: The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and fracture healing time were shorter in the intramedullary nail group, and the excellent rate of limb function in the intramedullary nail group was higher than that in the plate group 6 months after operation, but there was no significant difference between the two groups 12 months after operation. All the patients in the intramedullary nail group hadn’t serious complications after operation. Among the 17 patients in the plate group, 1 patient had wound infection and 1 patient had delayed fracture healing. <i>Conclusion</i>: In the clinical treatment of Zhang-Hou fracture, tibial intramedullary nail internal fixation not only has the advantages of short operation time, less trauma and quick recovery after operation, but also has better functional recovery of the affected limb and less postoperative complications. However, clinicians' learning curve of tibial intramedullary nail internal fixation is relatively long.
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Matysiak, Wiktor, Tomasz Tański, and Weronika Monika Smok. "Morphology and structure characterization of crystalline SnO2 1D nanostructures." Photonics Letters of Poland 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v12i3.1019.
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In recent years, many attempts have been made to improve the sensory properties of SnO2, including design of sensors based on one-dimensional nanostructures of this material, such as nanofibers, nanotubes or nanowires. One of the simpler methods of producing one-dimensional tin oxide nanomaterials is to combine the electrospinning method with a sol-gel process. The purpose of this work was to produce SnO2 nanowires using a hybrid electrospinning method combined with a heat treatment process at the temperature of 600 °C and to analyze the morphology and structure of the one-dimensional nanomaterial produced in this way. Analysis of the morphology of composite one-dimensional tin oxide nanostructures showed that smooth, homogeneous and crystalline nanowires were obtained. Full Text: PDF ReferencesN. Dharmaraj, C.H. Kim, K.W. Kim, H.Y. Kim, E.K. Suh, "Spectral studies of SnO2 nanofibres prepared by electrospinning method", Spectrochim. Acta - Part A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 64, (2006) CrossRef N. Gao, H.Y. Li, W. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zeng, H. Zhixiang, ... & H. Liu, "QCM-based humidity sensor and sensing properties employing colloidal SnO2 nanowires", Sens. Actuators B Chem. 293, (2019), 129-135. CrossRef W. Ge, Y. Chang, V. Natarajan, Z. Feng, J. Zhan, X. Ma, "In2O3-SnO2 hybrid porous nanostructures delivering enhanced formaldehyde sensing performance", J.Alloys and Comp. 746, (2018) CrossRef M. Zhang, Y. Zhen, F. Sun, C. Xu, "Hydrothermally synthesized SnO2-graphene composites for H2 sensing at low operating temperature", Mater. Sci. Eng. B. 209, (2016), 37-44. CrossRef Y. Zhang, X. He, J. Li, Z. Miao, F. Huang, "Fabrication and ethanol-sensing properties of micro gas sensor based on electrospun SnO2 nanofibers", Sens. Actuators B Chem. 132, (2008), 67-73. CrossRef W.Q. Li, S.Y. Ma, J. Luo, Y.Z. Mao, L. Cheng, D.J. Gengzang, X.L. Xu, S H. Yan, "Synthesis of hollow SnO2 nanobelts and their application in acetone sensor", Mater. Lett. 132, (2014), 338-341. CrossRef E. Mudra, I. Shepa, O. Milkovic, Z. Dankova, A. Kovalcikova, A. Annusova, E. Majkova, J. Dusza, "Effect of iron doping on the properties of SnO2 nano/microfibers", Appl. Surf. Sci. 480, (2019), 876-881. CrossRef P. Mohanapriya, H. Segawa, K. Watanabe, K. Watanabe, S. Samitsu, T.S. Natarajan, N.V. Jaya, N. Ohashi, "Enhanced ethanol-gas sensing performance of Ce-doped SnO2 hollow nanofibers prepared by electrospinning", Sens. Actuators B Chem. 188, (2013), 872-878. CrossRef W.Q. Li, S.Y. Ma, Y.F. Li, X.B. Li, C.Y. Wang, X.H. Yang, L. Cheng, Y.Z. Mao, J. Luo, D.J. Gengzang, G.X. Wan, X.L. Xu, "Preparation of Pr-doped SnO2 hollow nanofibers by electrospinning method and their gas sensing properties", J.Alloys and Comp. 605, (2014), 80-88. CrossRef X.H. Xu, S.Y. Ma, X.L. Xu, T. Han, S.T. Pei, Y. Tie, P.F. Cao, W.W. Liu, B.J. Wang, R. Zhang, J.L. Zhang, "Ultra-sensitive glycol sensing performance with rapid-recovery based on heterostructured ZnO-SnO2 hollow nanotube", Mater. Lett, 273, (2020), 127967. CrossRef F. Li, X. Gao, R. Wang, T. Zhang, G. Lu, Sens. "Study on TiO2-SnO2 core-shell heterostructure nanofibers with different work function and its application in gas sensor", Actuators B Chem, 248, (2017), 812-819. CrossRef S. Bai, W. Guo, J. Sun, J. Li, Y. Tian, A. Chen, R. Luo, D. Li, "Synthesis of SnO2–CuO heterojunction using electrospinning and application in detecting of CO", Sens Actuators B Chem, 226, (2016), 96-103. CrossRef H. Du, P.J. Yao, Y. Sun, J. Wang, H. Wang, N. Yu, "Electrospinning Hetero-Nanofibers In2O3/SnO2 of Homotype Heterojunction with High Gas Sensing Activity", Sensors, 17, (2017), 1822. CrossRef X. Wang, H. Fan, P. Ren, "Electrospinning derived hollow SnO2 microtubes with highly photocatalytic property", Catal. Commun. 31, (2013), 37-41. CrossRef L. Cheng, S.Y. Ma, T.T. Wang, X.B. Li, J. Luo, W.Q. Li, Y.Z. Mao, D.J Gengzang, "Synthesis and characterization of SnO2 hollow nanofibers by electrospinning for ethanol sensing properties", Mater. Lett. 131, (2014), 23-26. CrossRef P.H. Phuoc, C.M. Hung, N.V. Toan, N.V. Duy, N.D. Hoa, N.V. Hieu, "One-step fabrication of SnO2 porous nanofiber gas sensors for sub-ppm H2S detection", Sens. Actuators A Phys. 303, (2020), 111722. CrossRef A.E. Deniz, H.A. Vural, B. Ortac, T. Uyar, "Gold nanoparticle/polymer nanofibrous composites by laser ablation and electrospinning", Matter. Lett. 65, (2011), 2941-2943. CrossRef S. Sagadevan, J. Podder, "Investigation on Structural, Surface Morphological and Dielectric Properties of Zn-doped SnO2 Nanoparticles", Mater. Res. 19, (2016), 420-425. CrossRef
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YUN, CHAN-GYU. "Comments on the taxonomic validity of Camptodontornis yangi (Li, Gong, Zhang, Yang, and Hou, 2010) and its relationships to Longipteryx chaoyangensis Zhang, Zhou, Hou, and Gu, 2000 and Boluochia zhengi Zhou, 1995." Zootaxa 4652, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 391–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4652.2.12.
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Although the nomenclature of the longipterygid bird Camptodontus yangi Li, Gong, Zhang, Yang, and Hou, 2010 may have been clouded by the finding that its generic name was preoccupied by Camptodontus Dejean, 1826 in the carabid beetles, necessitating its replacement by Camptodontornis Demirjian, 2019, the taxonomic status of this species has become even more debatable.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zhan hou"
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Zhou, Chengqi. "Zhan hou Taiwan jing ji zeng zhang si xiang yan jiu /." Beijing Shi : Jiu zhou chu ban she, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy10pdf01/2008434549.html.
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Luo, Yusheng. ""Huangdi nei jing" dui shuai lao , lao nian bing de ren shi ji hou shi zhi fa zhan /." click here to view the abstract and table of contents, 2006. http://net3.hkbu.edu.hk/~libres/cgi-bin/thesisab.pl?pdf=b20009598a.pdf.
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Ma, Koon-yiu. "The development of Hong Kong structural engineering standards after the Second World War and before 1997 Zhan hou dao hui gui qian Xianggang jie gou gong cheng gui fan fa zhan de tan tao /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3862073X.
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Koo, Siu-sun. "Shanghai literature in the last stage of the Sino-Japanese War (1942-1945) = Zhong Ri zhan zheng hou qi (1942-1945) de Shanghai wen xue /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23425854.
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Ng, Wai-yip. "Impact of climatic change during little ice age on agricultural development in north China, 1600-1650 Xiao bing qi qi hou bian qian yu Hua bei nong ye fa zhan : 1600-1650 nian jian de guan cha /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43209397.
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Ouyang, Sutong. "Leng zhan shi dai de shi jie wei ji yu Meiguo de ze ren : dui Laiyinhuoerde Nibuer hou qi zheng zhi shen xue de yan jiu = World crisis in cold war and American responsibility : on Reinhold Niebuhr's later political theology /." click here to view the abstract and table of contents click here to view the fulltext, 2005. http://net3.hkbu.edu.hk/~libres/cgi-bin/thesisab.pl?pdf=b1884280xa.pdf.
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Zhao, Jianguo [Verfasser]. "Micromachined hot wire sensors for turbulence measurement applications / Jianguo Zhao." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1230797335/34.
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Selles, Gonzalez Ana. "Strong minds, creative lives: a study of the biographies of Eastern Han women as found in «Hou Han shu lienü zhuan»." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66908.
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This thesis addresses a chapter titled Lienü zhuan, or Arrayed Traditions of Women from Fan Ye's (398-446) Hou Han shu, or Book of Later Han as starting point to challenge the prevailing image of early Chinese women as helpless victims of an oppressive Confucian society. The women represented therein behave as purposeful, active participants in the creation of Eastern Han social mores. Most remarkably, they can be interpreted as agents defining their social roles as wives and daughters. Chapter One focuses on the historiography of the Hou Han shu, generally, and the Lienü zhuan, in particular, and formulates some hypotheses about the extent of Fan Ye's own creative input in the process of compiling his Lienü zhuan. Chapter Two investigates previous scholarship on the genre of biographies of women and proposes a theoretical model for reading the biographies of women found in Hou Han shu based on notions of ritual discussed by Catherine Bell and by the collaboration between Seligman, Weller, Puett, and Simon. In order to gain further insight into the women represented in the text, Chapter Three analyzes the social, economic, and literary background of the seventeen women included in the text. These findings on the commonalities and differences in marital status, economic situation, political influence, literacy, and education are put to use in Chapter Four, which applies the ideas on ritualization to the social roles the women in Fan Ye's text perform as wives and daughters. The thesis ends with a partial translation of the Hou Han shu lienü zhuan chapter into English.Cette thèse traite d'un chapitre intitulé Lienü zhuan, ou Traditions arranges des femmes, du livre de Fan Ye (398-446) Hou Han shu, ou le Livre de Han postérieur, comme point de départ utile pour défier l'image dominante des femmes de la Chine antique où elles sont perçues comme des victimes impuissantes d'une société confucéenne oppressive. Les femmes dépeintes dans ce texte adoptent une attitude déterminée, participant pleinement à la création des codes sociaux de la dynastie Han orientale. Fait remarquable, ces femmes définissent elles-mêmes leur rôle social en tant qu'épouses et filles. Le premier chapitre met l'emphase sur l'historiographie des Hou Han shu, en général, et le Lienü zhuan, en particulier. Il s'agit aussi d'émettre des hypothèses sur la démarche créative de Fan Ye dans sa compilation de biographies des femmes. Le deuxième chapitre s'attarde sur les études existantes concernant les biographies de femmes et suggère une approche théorique dans la lecture de ce genre littéraire dans Hou Han shu basée sur les notions de la ritualisation tel que discutées par Catherine Bell et par la collaboration de Seligman, Weller, Puett, et Simon. Le troisième chapitre analyse en profondeur le fond social, économique et littéraire des 17 femmes décrites dans le texte. Le quatrième chapitre met en évidence les différences et les similitudes entre le statut marital, la situation économique, l'influence politique, l'instruction aussi bien que l'éducation. Dans ce chapitre, on retrouve aussi les notions de rituel du rôle social des femmes en tant qu'épouses et filles. La thèse se termine par une traduction partielle en anglais du chapitre Hou Han shu lienü zhuan.
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Zhao, Pai [Verfasser], and Hoc Khiem [Akademischer Betreuer] Trieu. "High frequency sensing mechanisms for two dimensional carrier systems / Pai Zhao ; Betreuer: Hoc Khiem Trieu." Hamburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1212930886/34.
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Pereira, Bruna Losada. "O modelo de projeção de lucros de Hou, Dijk e Zhang (2012) e o custo de capital implícito: metodologia para aplicação em empresas brasileiras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-06102016-152547/.
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A teoria sobre o custo de capital das empresas estudada desde a década de 1950 trouxe amplas contribuições aos estudos de finanças corporativas, alocação de carteiras de investimento, fusões e aquisições, ciências contábeis, entre outras aplicações. Os modelos clássicos de custo de capital compreendem modelos como o CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model), de Sharpe, Lintner e Mossin; o APT (Arbitrage Pricing Theory), de Ross; o modelo de 3-fatores, de Fama e French, e de 4-fatores, de Carhart, entre outros. Em virtude das diversas críticas feitas aos modelos clássicos (ELTON, 1999; FAMA; FRENCH, 2004; GRINBLATT; TITMAN, 2005; ASHTON; WANG, 2012; HOU et al., 2012), há então espaço para o surgimento de uma metodologia alternativa para estimativa do custo de capital das empresas, contexto em que surgem os modelos de Custo de Capital Implícito (ICC - Implied Cost of Capital). São cinco os principais modelos de ICC estudados e testados na literatura: Gordon e Gordon, modelo FHERM (1997), Claus e Thomas, modelo CT (2001), Gebhardt, Lee e Swaminathan, modelo GLS (2001), Ohlson e Juettner-Nauroth, modelo OJ (2005) e Easton, modelo de EASTON (2004). Todos se baseiam em expectativas sobre resultados futuros projetados, e as pesquisas que os aplicam fundamentam-se majoritariamente em projeções de analistas. Há, no entanto, diversos problemas levantados pela literatura quanto ao uso de dados produzidos por analistas (GUAY et al., 2011; HOU et al., 2012; KARAMANOU, 2012). Hou et al. (2012) propõem então uma metodologia cross-sectional de projeções de resultados das empresas, com base em dados contábeis, alternativa às projeções dos analistas e aplicável aos modelos de ICC, a qual se mostrou eficiente para os testes desenvolvidos. O objetivo desta tese foi verificar se a metodologia de projeção de lucros proposta por Hou et al. (2012), com as devidas considerações e ajustes, é válida para aplicação no mercado brasileiro e, em caso positivo, verificar qual a magnitude do Custo de Capital Implícito esperado pelos investidores para aplicação de recursos no Brasil, através da aplicação dos cinco principais modelos de ICC. Analisou-se também se os modelos de ICC podem ser considerados eficientes como ferramenta para prever os ativos que terão maiores ou menores retornos futuros e, por fim, verificou-se como o prêmio pelo risco implícito se compara com o prêmio pelo risco do CAPM, e qual das duas abordagens é mais eficiente como ferramenta de precificação de ativos. Para tanto, foi analisada uma janela de dados de 1994 a 2014. As principais conclusões obtidas foram: (i) o modelo de Hou et al. (2012) ajustado tem desempenho muito positivo para fins de projeção de lucros no Brasil, com capacidade de prever 69,8% dos lucros futuros; (ii) o prêmio pelo risco implícito apurado para o Brasil para o período de 1994 a 2014 é da magnitude de 7,5% a.a., em linha com a literatura internacional e nacional; (iii) identificou-se a importância de se efetuarem ajustes e controles inflacionários, em especial, para aplicar os modelos GLS e CT, sob risco de subestimar o ICC nesses modelos; (iv) verificou-se que o único modelo, entre os testados, contraindicado para aplicação no Brasil é o FHERM, cujas simplificações teóricas e de premissas levam a resultados muito voláteis e pouco capazes de prever os retornos futuros das ações; e (v) na análise comparativa entre os modelos de ICC e os modelos clássicos de custo de capital, concluiu-se que as metodologias de ICC testadas são eficientes como ferramenta para previsão da performance futura dos ativos, diferentemente do CAPM tradicional que apresentou resultados inferiores e não conclusivos para tais fins. Por fim, salienta-se a potencial contribuição dos modelos de ICC para análises relacionadas às finanças comportamentais e prêmios de liquidez.The theory on companies\' cost of capital has been studied since the 1960s, bringing forward extensive contributions to the study of corporate finance, allocation of investment portfolios, mergers and acquisitions, accounting, among other several applications. The classical models of cost of capital include, for example, the CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) of Shrape, Lintnet and Mossin, the APT (Arbitrage Pricing Theory) of Ross, the 3-factor model of Fama and French and the 4-factor model of Carhart. Due to the several criticisms directed at the classical models and its limitations (ELTON, 1999; FAMA; FRENCH, 2004; GRINBLATT; TITMAN, 2005; ASHTON; WANG, 2012; HOU et al., 2012), this context made room for the emergence of an alternative methodology for estimating the firms\' cost of capital, represented by the Implied Cost of Capital models (ICC). There are five main models of ICC studied and tested in the literature: Gordon and Gordon, FHERM Model (1997), Claus and Thomas, CT Model (2001), Gebhardt Lee and Swaminathan, GLS Model (2001), Ohlson and Juettner-Nauroth, OJ Model (2005) and Easton, EASTON Model (2004). All such models are based on expectations about projected future earnings, and studies that apply these methods are predominantly based on analysts\' estimates. There are, however, several problems raised by the literature regarding the use of analysts projections (GUAY et al., 2011; HOU et al., 2012; KARAMANOU, 2012). Hou et al. (2012) then proposed a cross-sectional approach to estimate the firms\' future earnings, as an alternative methodology to apply in the ICC models, which was proved very efficient. Given this context, the objective of this thesis is to verify whether the cross-sectional methodology proposed by Hou et al. (2012) to estimate future earnings, with due adjustments to the local market\'s characteristics, is valid for application in Brazil. If so, we should then verify what the magnitude of the ICC expected by investors in Brazil is, estimated using the five main ICC models. Also, this thesis should analyse if the ICC models can be considered efficient as a tool to predict which assets should have larger or smaller future returns. Finally, we should compare the risk premium estimated by the ICC models and risk premium estimated by the CAPM, and identify which of the two approaches is more efficient for asset pricing. In order to achieve such goals, a window of data from 1994 to 2014 was analysed. The main results achieved were: (i) the adjusted model of Hou et al. (2012) has shown very positive performance for projecting earnings in Brasil, with power to predict 69,8% of future earnings; (ii) the implicit risk premium for the Brazilian market from 1994 to 2014 is of 7,5% per year, which corroborates the national and international literature; (iii) it was identified the need of controlling for inflation effects, specially when implementing the GLS and CT models, at risk of underestimating the ICC if not taking the due precautions; (iv) the only model, among the tested, which was identified as unfit for applying to the Brazilian market was FHERM, since its theorical simplifications lead to too volatile results, which are poorly capable of predicting future returns; and (v) when comparing the ICC to the classical models, it was concluded that the ICC methodologies are efficient as a tool to infer future asstes\' performance, while the traditional CAPM presents poor and unconclusuve results for such purpose. At last, we stress the potencial contribution of the ICC models to the study of behavioral finance and liquidity premiums.
Books on the topic "Zhan hou"
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Wang, Xiaobo. Hou leng zhan yu hou nei zhan. 8th ed. Taibei Shi: Hai xia xue shu chu ban she, 1997.
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ming, Lan huang. Hou qin zhan. Ha er bin: Hei long jiang ren min chu ban she, 1995.
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Yang, Chengwu. Di hou kang zhan. 8th ed. Beijing: Jie fang jun wen yi chu ban she, 1985.
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Yingli, Zhang, ed. Riben zhan hou shi. Beijing: Zhongguo ren min da xue chu ban she, 2008.
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Zhonghua zhan hou shu. Taibei Shi: Wen jin chu ban she, 1995.
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Lewis, C. S. Zui hou yi zhan. 2nd ed. Nanjing: Yi lin chu ban she, 2005.
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Long, Gu. Jue zhan qian hou. Taibei Shi: Feng yun shi dai chu ban gu fen you xian gong si, 1998.
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author, Xue Huayuan, ed. Zhan hou Taiwan shi. Taibei Shi: Yu Shan she chu ban shi ye gu fen you xian gong si, 2019.
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translator, Wu Huaying 1976, and Wang Wei 1984 translator, eds. Zui hou zhi zhan. Guangzhou: Hua cheng chu ban she, 2019.
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Yu, Zhenyu. Zhan hou Xianggang xie zhao, 1945-1967. Xianggang: Zhong hua shu ju (Xianggang), 2016.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Zhan hou"
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Koskinen, Hannu E. J., and Emilia K. J. Kilpua. "Charged Particles in Near-Earth Space." In Astronomy and Astrophysics Library, 27–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82167-8_2.
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AbstractIn this chapter we discuss the concepts that govern the motion of charged particles in the geomagnetic field and the principles how they stay trapped in the radiation belts. The basic particle orbit theory can be found in most plasma physics textbooks. We partly follow the presentation in Koskinen (Physics of space storms, from solar surface to the earth. Springer-Praxis, Heidelberg, 2011). A more detailed discussion can be found in Roederer and Zhang (Dynamics of magnetically trapped particles. Springer, Heidelberg, 2014). A classic treatment of adiabatic motion of charged particles is Northrop (The adiabatic motion of charged particles. Interscience Publishers, Wiley, New York, 1963).
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De Marchi, Serena. "Eat to remember. Gastronomical reconfigurations of hunger and imprisonment in contemporary Chinese literature." In Studi e saggi, 127–42. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-506-6.12.
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During the famine that befell China following the disaster of the Great Leap Forward, hunger was a major affliction for the individuals undergoing reform in the labor camps. Food – in terms of procurement, consumption, or just discursive recollection – was a central issue in the prisoners’ lives and, as a consequence, descriptions of meals and eating practices are a recurring presence in modern Chinese literary texts that revolve around carceral experiences. This contribution investigates three literary works that reconstruct personal experiences of imprisonment by way of eating: Wang Ruowang’s Hunger Trilogy (1980), Zhang Xianliang’s Mimosa (1984), and Yang Xianhui’s Chronicles of Jiabiangou (2003). In these texts, food becomes a privileged perspective through which look at how personal and collective memories are re-appropriated and re-elaborated, as well as to analyze how narratives of the past are consumed and produced.
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Constantin, Sandra V. "Suzhi Discourse as a Structural Component of Institutionalized Individualism in Post-Maoist China." In A Life Course Perspective on Chinese Youths, 25–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57216-6_3.
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AbstractThis third chapter sheds light on how the State’s discourse on population “quality” (suzhi) represents a sophisticated means of governance from afar.Initially emerging in the 1980s, the concept focused on population control. Eugenic slogans promoting “fewer births, better births” reflected a belief that both genetic and environmental factors shape quality. This approach aimed to cultivate a vibrant, competitive youth capable of propelling China onto the global stage.In the 1990s and 2000s, the discourse gained prominence and underwent a shift. It ultimately encompasses moral, intellectual, psychological, ideological and physical characteristics. Zhang Weiqing’s 2007 speech highlights the Party-State’s push for an ideal of quality that would produce competent workers and citizens.The concept is infused through various organizations, including TV dramas. The chapter argues that the State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television controlling their content shown in, TV series act as powerful vehicles for norm dissemination. They actively participate in the socialization of the population. The chapter examine five TV dramas and how they depict the transition to adulthood through the prism of this discourse.
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Zhang, Maggie. "Maggie Zhang." In Women Community Leaders and Their Impact as Global Changemakers, 275–79. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-2490-2.ch046.
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Having a chauvinist father who favored boys over girls, Maggie Zhang had chose not to obey the typical rules and life paths that set up by her father. Holding strong belief in women's strength and potential, she did not follow the stereotypical expectations set by society and others. In this chapter, Maggie shared personal stories over her ten-year journey improving women's empowerment initiatives in China, how she witnessed the rise of “she power” and “she economy” phenomenon, and how she eventually reconciled with her father, who then became one of her biggest supporters for women's empowerment.
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Markham, Peter. "Chloe Zhao." In The Art of the Filmmaker, 275–76. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197631522.003.0023.
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Abstract This introduction to the Nomadland case studies describes how the film incorporates a metafictional discourse by interweaving nonfictional material with the fictional story of invented characters. Various elements of the film, the filmmaker’s unifying approach, and the contrasting aspects of the film’s sensibility are considered. The last two of the three case study chapters that follow do not repeat the format of those for the previous two films, Hereditary and Moonlight, but instead adopt an approach tailored to the manner of the film’s visual and narrative discourse. The note on the screenplay (which is available online) states that it would appear to be a transcription of an earlier cut of the film; several of its scenes are apparently transcripts of improvised dialogue from the movie’s actual people, while some scenes found on the page are absent on the screen. This latter factor is regarded as illustrating the importance of subtracting superfluous elements during the making of a film.
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Longo, Patrizia. "20. Zhang Taiyan." In Rethinking Political Thinkers, 349–66. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198847397.003.0020.
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This chapter looks at Zhang Taiyan’s political theory, revolving around revolution and nationalism. It describes how Zhang tried to build a new politics based on a new universality that does not extinguish particularity. Buddhism influenced most of Zhang’s anti-Manchu propaganda and political theory. The chapter then explains how the ideas of Zhang’s Buddhist political theory are picked up by the post-war Japanese intellectual Takeuchi Yoshimi. It explores the goal of pan-Asianism to negate the West and take Western values to a higher level. Takeuchi and Zhang tried to create a new universality by confronting the West through an anti-imperialist nationalist struggle.
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"Top Graduate Zhang Xie, Scene 16 (Excerpt)." In How to Read Chinese Drama in Chinese, 46–73. Columbia University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/guo-20956-007.
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Junxiang, Ji. "The Orphan of Zhao, Wedge, Act 1." In How to Read Chinese Drama in Chinese, 1–19. Columbia University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/guo-20956-005.
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Vanderstaay, Lara. "Families, Intellectuals, and Enemies in the “Red Classic” Remake New Tunnel Warfare." In The Making and Remaking of China's "Red Classics". Hong Kong University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888390892.003.0010.
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This chapter investigates how the animated film New Tunnel Warfare (Xin didao zhan, 2009), a remake of the red classic Tunnel Warfare (Didao zhan, 1965), reshapes the socio-political ideologies present in the original film for a twenty-first century child audience. The chapter particularly focuses, firstly, on how New Tunnel Warfare re-inserts the biological family into Communist discourse, in contrast to the original film where the biological family was less important than the Communist ‘family’ of people unrelated by blood. Secondly, the chapter analyses the overt representation of violence in New Tunnel Warfare and the responses of its characters to violent acts. Finally, the chapter examines the film’s revival of the intellectual as a positive figure in Communist mythology. The chapter argues that these changes have been made in New Tunnel Warfare to reflect the major socio-political changes in Chinese society between the 1960s and the early twenty-first century
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"5 The Orphan of Zhao: The Meaning of Loyalty and Filiality." In How to Read Chinese Drama, 127–50. Columbia University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/sieb18648-011.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Zhan hou"
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Skierczynski, Boguslaw A. "Probability Density of the Rolling Velocity of the Cell." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0056.
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Abstract Rolling of the cell under flow conditions is an important process in PMN emigration. It is a finely regulated process involving membrane receptors and cell-matrix recognition. Several models have been proposed to explain how the strength and lifetime of the bonds in receptor-mediated cell-substratum are related to cell rolling velocity (Hammer, 1992, Tozeren, 1992, Zhao, 1995). The paper presents a simple model of the cell rolling based on the experimental measurements that will allow to gain information relevant to the molecular processes underlying the rolling motion of the cell.
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Yan, Hong-Sen, and Kuo-Hung Hsiao. "The Development of Ancient Earthquake Instruments." In ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2006-99107.
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This paper studies sensing element designs in ancient seismometers and describes the developments of ancient earthquake instruments. A basic seismograph comprises a seismometer, a recording system, and a timing system. The major difficulty in the development of a seismograph was the design of the seismometer. And, the break through was the use of a pendulum system as a sensing element that responded to ground motion and did not move with the ground. Early seismoscopes were primarily intended to determine that an earthquake had happened. The first seismoscope invented by Zhang Heng was Hou Feng Di Dong Yi made in ancient China around the year 132 AD. The truly successful seismographs were first designed and built in the 1880s by a group of British scientists in Japan. In 1906, Boris Galitzin developed a working electromagnetic seismograph with a great sensitivity. Finally, a comparison with the recording systems of ancient seismographs is concluded.
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Asadizadeh, M., A. Hedayat, L. Tunstall, M. Taboada Neira, J. A. Vega González, and J. W. Verá Alvarado. "Investigation of Mode II Fracture Behavior of Alkali-Activated Mine Tailings." In 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0844.
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ABSTRACT Reuse of mine tailings (MTs) rich in aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide to produce a geopolymer using an alkali activator is a sustainable approach to reduce the MTs’ environmental hazard. The fracturing behavior of mine tailing-based alkali activated materials under mode II loading has been largely unexplored. In this study, the mode II fracture tests have been adopted to examine the double-edge notched Brazilian disk (DNBD) geopolymer specimens under diametral loading. A mixture of MTS (85% wt.), class F fly ash (FA) (15% wt.), and 10 M NaOH solution with solid/liquid ratio of 14% was prepared, and using a cylindrical mold, specimens were cast and then cured at 70 °C. Mode II fracture toughness, the evolution of the crack tip opening and sliding displacement and the shear and minimum principal strain behavior were examined through strain mapping using the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique. The results showed that although DNBD is intended to provide pure mode II loading, mixed mode fracturing was observed, as there was still some crack surface opening. The study highlights the need for further investigation to fully understand the nature of mixed-mode fracture behavior in DNBD specimens and its implications for material characterization. With the rise in demand for mineral excavation and processing, significant quantities of mine tailings (MTs) are produced annually around the world. MTs are the waste rocks that are left over after the extraction of valuable metals has been completed during the mineral processing. As a result, there is a growing concern on how to manage the increasing amounts of MTs that are generated, and how to utilize them effectively. Based on the different phases, MTs can be stored either in impounding lakes for slurries or waste piles for solids (Kiventerä et al., 2018). Given their abundance and potential impact on the environment, it is important to explore ways to reuse these materials. MTs that contain sufficient quantities of aluminosilicates can be efficiently transformed into sustainable building materials by subjecting them to the process of alkaline activation and geopolymerization. The geopolymerization process creates a strong and durable material that can be used in various construction applications, including the manufacturing of bricks, tiles, and concrete (Davidovits, 2020; Muñoz Velasco et al., 2014; Provis & Van Deventer, 2009). Therefore, the utilization of MTs as a resource for construction materials can offer economic and environmental advantages (Singh et al., 2015; Zhang, Hedayat, Bolaños Sosa, Huamani Bernal, et al., 2021; Zhang, Hedayat, Han, et al., 2022; Zhang, Hedayat, Perera-Mercado, et al., 2022).
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Feng, Yu, and Clement Kleinstreuer. "Transport and Deposition of Ellipsoidal Fibers in Subject-Specific Lung Airways." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87032.
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Fine to ultrafine materials, such as spherical particles and fibers with their diverse applications ranging from cosmetics, cleaners and composites to nanomedicine are increasingly ubiquitous in the air we breathe. For example, the unique lung deposition patterns of nanoparticles and their ease-of-migration into the blood stream may cause severe health problems, as discussed by Oberdoerster et al. (2005). In contrast, multifunctional nanoparticles as well as micron fibers are also being used as drug carriers for cancer treatment (Zhang et al., 2011). While the transport and deposition of spherical nanoparticles has been analyzed (Kleinstreuer and Zhang, 2010; among others), the fate of ellipsoidal particles in subject-specific lung airways has hardly been addressed. In this study, the Euler-Lagrange fluid-particle modeling approach (i.e., the Discrete Phase Method solver) has been employed in Fluent 13.0 (ANSYS, Canonsburg, PA). User-supplied C-programs have been added to simulate ellipsoidal fibers transport and orientation effects. The computer simulation model has been validated for fiber transport and deposition in a circular tube (Tian et al., 2012). Additionally, transitional airflow patterns were analyzed and local deposition efficiencies compared for spherical particles and fibers in a realistic human respiratory system. The capability of ellipsoidal fibers migrating into deeper lung regions was indicated and fiber deposition “hot spots” were discussed. The numerical results expand the basic understanding of the dynamics of non-spherical particles in realistic shear flows, and can be used to investigate the fate of inhaled toxic or therapeutic materials.
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Zhang, Qixing, Bing Hou, Zhi Chang, Su Wang, and Jinyang Xie. "Experimental Study on True Triaxial Hydraulic Fracturing Based on Distributed Fibre-Optical Monitoring." In International Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/igs-2022-209.
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Abstract Fracturing stimulation is an essential means of developing unconventional oil and gas fields, and borehole monitoring technology is crucial to evaluate the result of reservoir stimulation. This paper introduces a distributed fibre-optical demodulator based on optical frequency domain reflectance (OFDR) in detail. Then, combined with large-scale true triaxial fracturing physical simulation equipment, the laboratory experiments of fracture monitoring of concrete samples were carried out with bare optical fibre. The experimental results show that OFDR optical fibre sensing technology can monitor the change of strain evolution with high spatial resolution and high accuracy in fracture initiation, propagation, and closure in the whole-time domain. When the pumping displacement is increased from 15mL/min to 50mL/min, the hydraulic fracture width generated after the fracturing of the concrete sample increases by about twice. Hydraulic fracture monitoring by distributed optical fibre sensors under true triaxial fracturing can provide reference and guidance for the oilfield stimulation and fracture monitoring technology. Introduction Cross-well monitoring technology represented by microseism is one of the most mature evaluation methods after decades of development and practice (Hou et al., 2022a; Zhang et al., 2021). However, microseismic monitoring technology has many disadvantages, such as difficult interpretation, poor timeliness, many noise points, and high cost (Hou et al., 2019a; Hou et al., 2019b). It cannot be monitored in the same well, which cannot meet the needs of industrial reservoir stimulation and evaluation. In-well monitoring technology based on optical fibre has entered the vision of oilfield engineers.
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Zafar, Sana, Ahmadreza Hedayat, Bing Q. Li, and Omid Moradian. "Brittle Creep and Associated Acoustic Emissions in Granite Under Unconfined Compression." In 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0781.
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ABSTRACT Time-dependent processes in rock govern its long-term behavior hence understanding of these processes is of great importance especially for long-lasting surface and underground structures. Results from conventional creep experiments have shown that three stages of creep (trimodal creep curve) exist for brittle materials. The first stage is the primary stage where the strain rate is inversely proportional to time. In the secondary stage, partially reversible strain occurs in which the strain rate is small and constant. The final stage is the tertiary stage where accelerated strain rate occurs, causing the failure of the rock. It is hypothesized that Acoustic emission (AE) can be used as a proxy to identify the transitions from one stage to another in creep; however, the different focal mechanisms of the fractures produced in the three stages of creep in brittle rocks have not been discussed in detail. The study presented in this paper aims at investigating how AE signatures can monitor the brittle deformations during the three stages of creep and its correlation with the mechanical observations, so that these AE signatures can be used to gain important information in the field. Creep experiments were conducted on double-flawed prismatic Barre granite specimen in the laboratory under uniaxial compression to investigate the temporal and spatial evolution of the AE events during the primary, secondary and tertiary stages of creep. Results illustrated that brittle creep in granite follows the Omori's law and inverse Omori's law in the primary and tertiary creep regimes, respectively. Non-double-couple (NDC) sources were the dominant failure mechanisms in all stages of creep. These results can be of great importance as continuous and non-destructive monitoring of structures in rock can serve as precursory indications of instability of the rock engineering structures as well as in the analysis of earthquake aftershocks and recurrences. INTRODUCTION Fracturing in rocks can happen over time; hence, it is important to understand the microcracking mechanisms of time-dependent deformation in rocks. The analysis of time-dependent effects is significant in multiple areas, including the study of seismic hazards like earthquake recurrence and aftershocks (Scholz in 1968). It is also crucial in evaluating the long-term stability of rock engineering structures, such as tunnels, mining rooms and pillars, rock slopes, and nuclear waste repositories (Diederichs and Kaiser 1999, Nara et al. 2010, Paraskevopoulou et al. 2018, Zhang et al. 2020, and Zhao et al. 2022). Moreover, time-dependent effects also have a significant impact on the exploration and utilization of resources such as oil and gas reservoirs and enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) (Demarest 1976; Cornet 2007).
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Wang, J. W., Z. Q. Qu, T. K. Guo, M. Chen, and B. Zhang. "Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Fracturing Damage Evolution in Geothermal Reservoirs with Natural Fractures Based on THMD Coupling Model." In 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0951.
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ABSTRACT: The key to develop the geothermal energy economically and effectively is forming a high quality enhanced geothermal system (EGS) with complex fracture network. Clarifying the interaction between hydraulic fracture (HF) and natural fracture (NF) is of positive significance to study how to establish an efficient EGS. In this paper, based on meso damage mechanics, elastic thermodynamics and Biot’s classical seepage mechanics, a thermo-hydro-mechanical-damage (THMD) coupling model of hydraulic fracturing in geothermal reservoir with randomly distributed NFs is established. Then the evolution of thermal field (T), seepage field (H), solid field (M) and damage (D) during hydraulic fracturing is simulated, and the effects of injection flow rates, rock thermal expansion coefficients and the NFs parameters (including length, dip angle and distribution density) on HF propagation are analyzed. The results indicate that under the action of water pressure and thermal stress, the normal stress on the NF surface will increase, resulting in the fracture damage. High injection flow rate would create longer fracture and significantly increase the fracture width, which is conducive to the development of deep thermal reservoirs. And high thermal expansion coefficient of rock is more conducive to form complex fractures. NFs will guide the HF to turn along the dip angle of NFs ,and the longer the NFs are, the stronger their guiding effect on HF. When the angle between the dip angle of NFs and the expansion direction of HF is large, the longitudinal expansion of HF is hindered, but the HF could communicate and activate more NFs. The NFs density directly determines the degree of hydraulic fracturing damage, and the damage area of HF increases with the increase of NFs density. 1. INTRODUCTION Geothermal energy is a widely distributed, low-carbon, environment-friendly and sustainable clean energy (Potten and Thuro 2017; Zhao et al. 2020). Hot Dry Rock (HDR) refers to the high-temperature rock mass with general temperature greater than 180 °C, buried depth of several kilometers, no fluid or only a small amount of underground fluid (Hofmann et al. 2014; Xu et al. 2012). As a new geothermal resource, it has advantages in geothermal energy development and application, which has attracted more and more attention. However, the HDR found at present is mainly composed of granite, showing low porosity and permeability (Lu and Wang 2015). Hydraulic fracturing technology is a mature and effective method to reconstruct low quality reservoir in oil and gas field development projects (Qu et al. 2021). This technology can be applied to HDR geothermal reservoir to realize efficient development of geothermal energy, too. Through the circulation of cold water in high-temperature rock formations with fractures, the geothermal energy is efficiently exploited. And then the high-temperature fluid will be used for step applications such as power generation or heating, which is the so-called enhanced geothermal system (EGS) (Bujakowski et al. 2015; Guo et al. 2019; Olasolo et al. 2016). Studies have shown that in the production process of EGS, the number of fractures or the complexity of fracture network will significantly affect the exploitation efficiency of geothermal energy (Guo et al. 2020b; Zhang et al. 2021; Jin et al. 2020). In order to form EGS with complex fracture networks for efficient development of geothermal energy, it is necessary to clarify the interaction between artificial fractures and natural fractures, and find out the evolution law of fracture during hydraulic fracturing.
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Mohamed, Ibrahim E., Harvey M. Thompson, and Richard Barker. "Numerical Investigation of the Dropwise Condensation Process in Top of the Line Corrosion." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10359.
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Abstract Many approaches have been used for modelling Top of Line Corrosion (TLC) however there are a large discrepancies between their results. One common assumption is that TLC is limited by the amount of iron that can be transported with the condensed water. This means that the TLC rate is proportional to the water condensation rate and the iron solubility in the condensed phase. Therefore, a theoretical investigation is performed into the effects of gas inlet conditions on the water condensation rate in wet gas pipeline using Fluent. Comparisons were drawn with the semi-analytical model of Zhang et al. and CFD results showing good agreement between the two. The numerical results obtained reveal quantitatively how an increased inlet gas pressure leads to reductions in the condensation rate. While increasing inlet gas temperature and velocity lead to increases in condensation rate.
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Zhang, Lingzhu, and Alain CHIARADIA. "How to design the metro network for maximal accessibility potential? A comparative analysis of Shanghai." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.4975.
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In Shanghai, the high-capacity metro network has been proved to play an important role in the urban movement and urban morphology generating pattern. Previous studies on the metro network analysis such as London Underground network (Chiaradia, 2005) and Shanghai Metro network (Zhang, 2014) have shown that topological configuration of metro network can explain at least 50% of entry/exit movement at metro stations. The Shanghai metro network uses a core ring (Inner ring Line 4) to encircle a core of stations which are characterized by higher line connectivity. Branches radiate from the core and reach further areas of the urban system. However, the core lines and stations have over-congested especially at peak time, at the same time, the link mean distance doesn’t minimized because the inner ring core is not big enough for the ever growing metro network. How should the network be designed to achieve best accessibility potential? Through the use of sDNA (spatial design network analysis) and geographic information system, this paper compared current 2016 and planned 2020 Shanghai metro network (Fig 1). There was an increase of 23% in the metro station amount, however, the mean distance only decreased by 2.6%, and the line connectivity increased by 0.68%. Inspired by the Shanghai City Planning 2015-2040 which will reserve place for a ring-shaped metro line near mid-ring, and by the two orbital rail rings for the Greater Paris, we did a comparison between 4 network plans based on the 2016 network: a) a mid-ring line added; b)a mid-ring line & mid-ring express line added; c) two ellipse rings added; d) two ellipse rings & ellipse express lines added (Fig 2). The results showed that the plan D works best for minimizing mean distance and maximizing line connectivity, followed by plan C, plan B, and plan A. Two ellipse rings and express lines led to a reduction of more than 30% of network mean distance and an increase of 18.5% of line connectivity, corresponding to only 13% increase of the metro station amount. The proposed approach enables us to configurationally examine urban metro network accessibility potential and provides decision support for urban development.
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Zhang, Yu. "STAND BY/ME." In 28th International Symposium on Electronic Art. Paris: Ecole des arts decoratifs - PSL, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69564/isea2023-37-short-zhang-et-al-stand-by-me.
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SHORT PAPER. This paper describes initial intention, concept, concerns in design process, production, and technical details of an artwork named “STAND BY/ME”. STAND BY/ME is an interactive installation that uses machine-learning models to generate speeches for Xi Jinping and Donald J. Trump, and uses randomness to build virtual conversations for the political spectrum, while connecting the information flow with the lived reality of the everyday. Visitors are exposed to narratives of both digital communism and digital capitalism that is randomly controlled. Next to the visual flow of randomly generated speeches, the work involves seemingly mundane, yet “super-charged” electrical household items, i.e., power sockets, as the actuality of human-technology confrontation. This work (1) allows visitors to feel like they are on “stand by” and (2) triggers questions about how technologism impacts individuals' views and information consumption, while (3) people face randomly generated political speech as a quiet, mundane confrontation. In sum, visitors are invited to be bystanders of randomized political speech, visualized through streams of text ad made tangible through everyday technology.
Reports on the topic "Zhan hou"
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Zhang, Ye. Introduction to Matlab (Free 2-Hour Seminar). Instats Inc., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.61700/mstek9cp5r7gk1290.
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Introduction to MATLAB is a FREE short course designed to equip researchers with basic MATLAB skills, i.e., write, understand, and run commands/scripts and visualize results with the Matlab IDE. The course is useful for MATLAB novices or someone needing a refresher. It does not cover advanced topics such as toolboxes, object based programming, and HPC. Though it is the first seminar and part of the pre-requisite materials for a Geostatistics workshop Professor Zhang teaches, it can also act as a standalone tutorial for MATLAB.
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Zhang, Ye. Fundamentals of Geostatistics. Instats Inc., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.61700/5p94pnfflrf4w1290.
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Join Ye Zhang in a 4-day workshop, Fundamentals of Geostatistics, designed for PhD students, professors, and professional researchers with an interest in learning how to build geostatistical models. This workshop will enhance participants' skills in spatial data analysis by providing an in-depth understanding of the principles and applications of Geostatistical estimation and simulation. Besides explaining and illustrating theories using Excel or MATLAB exercises, it offers hands-on experience with a free geostatistical modeling software developed at Stanford University.
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Klesta, Matthew. Home Mortgage Lending by Race and Income in the Time of Low Interest Rates: Examples from Select Counties in Kentucky, Ohio, and Pennsylvania from 2018 through 2021. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-cd-20221129.
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Signed into law in 1975 by President Ford, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) requires most financial institutions to disclose information on their mortgage lending. Annually, this information creates a publicly accessible data set that includes millions of records and covers about 90 percent of mortgage lending in the United States (Gerardi, Willen, and Zhang, 2020). More information on HMDA can be found in the summary "What is HMDA and why is it important?" Several years ago, the Cleveland Fed examined data for seven large urban counties in the Fourth District. At that time, we looked at how these counties performed post-Great Recession. In this report, we revisit those seven counties and examine how they performed during the COVID-19 pandemic and in an environment of record-low interest rates. This report is an analysis of HMDA data from 2018 through 2021 in seven counties: Allegheny, Pennsylvania (Pittsburgh); Cuyahoga, Ohio (Cleveland); Fayette, Kentucky (Lexington); Franklin, Ohio (Columbus); Hamilton, Ohio (Cincinnati); Lucas, Ohio (Toledo); and Montgomery, Ohio (Dayton). It focuses on several aspects of mortgage lending categorized by borrower race and income.
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Kiefner, John. PR-218-183607-WEB Peer Review of the Plausible Profile (Psqr) Corrosion Assessment Model. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011627.
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Date: October 14, 2019 PRESENTER: John Kiefner, PhD HOSTS: Shahani Kariyawasam, PhD and Shenwei Zhang, TC Energy MODERATOR: Laurie Perry, PRCI CLICK BUY/DOWNLOAD BUTTON TO ACCESS A RECORDING OF THIS WEBINAR The PRCI Corrosion Technical Committee presented the findings from a peer review conducted by a team of world-renowned pipeline experts, led by Dr. John Kiefner, on a new corrosion assessment model developed by TC Energy. The new model utilizes multiple plausible profiles to assess the remaining strength of a corroded pipe. A safe failure pressure is derived from these plausible profiles. This safe pressure can result in fewer excavations needed in response to ILI-identified areas of metal loss. Benefits/Learning Outcomes: - Review of the Psqr Model and how it was formulated and validated - An understanding of how the increased accuracy of the Psqr model can lead to fewer excavations - Peer reviewed suggestions for implementing the Psqr Model Target audience: - Pipeline corrosion personnel - Pipeline integrity management personnel Recommended reading: PR-218-183607-Z01 Peer Review of the Plausible Profile (Psqr) Corrosion Assessment Model