Journal articles: 'ZERO-DIMENSIONAL (0D)'

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Kim, Soohwan, Hyundong Yoo, and Hansu Kim. "Chemically anchored two-dimensional-SiOx/zero-dimensional-MoO2 nanocomposites for high-capacity lithium storage materials." RSC Advances 10, no. 36 (2020): 21375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra02462g.

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Han, Dan, Hongliang Shi, Wenmei Ming, Chenkun Zhou, Biwu Ma, Bayrammurad Saparov, Ying-Zhong Ma, Shiyou Chen, and Mao-Hua Du. "Unraveling luminescence mechanisms in zero-dimensional halide perovskites." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 24 (2018): 6398–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc01291a.

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Zero-dimensional (0D) halides perovskites, in which anionic metal-halide octahedra (MX₆)⁴⁻ are separated by organic or inorganic countercations, have recently shown promise as excellent luminescent materials.

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Wu, Jie, Shuai Zhang, Jun Yan, Bingsuo Zou, and Ruosheng Zeng. "A New Zero-Dimensional (CsK2)BiCl6 Metal Halide: Boosting Emission via B-Site Mn-Doping." Crystals 12, no. 11 (November 21, 2022): 1681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111681.

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The A site of zero-dimensional (0D) metal halides A3BiCl6 can be replaced by Cs and/or K, thus, four possible 0D A3BiCl6 forms exist, such as (Cs2K)BiCl6, (CsK2)BiCl6, K3BiCl6 and Cs3BiCl6. It is well known that Cs3BiCl6 has been reported. We predict that both (Cs2K)BiCl6 and K3BiCl6 do not have enough structural and thermodynamic stability, but (CsK2)BiCl6 should be a 0D stable A3BiCl6 candidate based on density functional theory (DFT). Furthermore, 0D (CsK2)BiCl6 metal halide was experimentally prepared by the solvothermal method. Though (CsK2)BiCl6 metal halide exhibits an indirect bandgap and poor luminescence properties, the emission can be boosted by B-site Mn-doping due to the efficient energy transfer from self-trapped excitons (STE) to the d-state of Mn ions. Our results enrich the family of 0D bi-based metal halides and provide guidance for the regulation of the structural and optical properties of metal halides.

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Liu, Feng, Debayan Mondal, Kai Zhang, Ying Zhang, Keke Huang, Dayang Wang, Wensheng Yang, Priya Mahadevan, and Renguo Xie. "Zero-dimensional plate-shaped copper halide crystals with green-yellow emissions." Materials Advances 2, no. 11 (2021): 3744–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ma00061f.

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Tian, Ye, Qilin Wei, Hui Peng, Zongmian Yu, Shangfei Yao, Bao Ke, Qiuyan Li, and Bingsuo Zou. "A Zero-Dimensional Organic Lead Bromide of (TPA)2PbBr4 Single Crystal with Bright Blue Emission." Nanomaterials 12, no. 13 (June 28, 2022): 2222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12132222.

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Blue-luminescence materials are needed in urgency. Recently, zero-dimensional (0D) organic metal halides have attractive much attention due to unique structure and excellent optical properties. However, realizing blue emission with near-UV-visible light excitation in 0D organic metal halides is still a great challenge due to their generally large Stokes shifts. Here, we reported a new (0D) organic metal halides (TPA)2PbBr4 single crystal (TPA+ = tetrapropylammonium cation), in which the isolated [PbBr4]2− tetrahedral clusters are surrounded by organic ligand of TPA+, forming a 0D framework. Upon photoexcitation, (TPA)2PbBr4 exhibits a blue emission peaking at 437 nm with a full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 50 nm and a relatively small Stokes shift of 53 nm. Combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations and spectral analysis, it is found that the observed blue emission in (TPA)2PbBr4 comes from the combination of free excitons (FEs) and self-trapped exciton (STE), and a small Stokes shift of this compound are caused by the small structure distortion of [PbBr4]2− cluster in the excited state confined by TPA molecules, in which the multi-phonon effect take action. Our results not only clarify the important role of excited state structure distortion in regulating the STEs formation and emission, but also focus on 0D metal halides with bright blue emission under the near-UV-visible light excitation.

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Zhu, Xingwang, Jinyuan Liu, Zhenzhen Zhao, Jia Yan, Yuanguo Xu, Yanhua Song, Haiyan Ji, Hui Xu, and Huaming Li. "Hydrothermal synthesis of mpg-C3N4 and Bi2WO6 nest-like structure nanohybrids with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activities." RSC Advances 7, no. 61 (2017): 38682–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra06681c.

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Due to the anisotropic growth of Bi₂WO₆, the zero-dimensional (0D) nanoparticles can be transformed into two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets, and finally self-assembled into three-dimensional (3D) nest-like structures.

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Santhoshkumar, P., K. Prasanna, Yong Nam Jo, I. Nirmal Sivagami, Suk Hyun Kang, and Chang Woo Lee. "A facile and highly efficient short-time homogenization hydrothermal approach for the smart production of high-quality α-Fe2O3 for rechargeable lithium batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 32 (2017): 16712–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta04797e.

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Wu, Haixia, Zhenxu Lin, Jie Song, Yi Zhang, Yanqing Guo, Wenxing Zhang, and Rui Huang. "Boosting the Self-Trapped Exciton Emission in Cs4SnBr6 Zero-Dimensional Perovskite via Rapid Heat Treatment." Nanomaterials 13, no. 15 (August 6, 2023): 2259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13152259.

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Zero-dimensional (0D) tin halide perovskites feature extraordinary properties, such as broadband emission, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and self-absorption-free characteristics. The innovation of synthesis approaches for high-quality 0D tin halide perovskites has facilitated the flourishing development of perovskite-based optoelectronic devices in recent years. However, discovering an effective strategy to further enhance their emission efficiency remains a considerable challenge. Herein, we report a unique strategy employing rapid heat treatment to attain efficient self-trapped exciton (STE) emission in Cs4SnBr6 zero-dimensional perovskite. Compared to the pristine Cs4SnBr6, rapid thermal treatment (RTT) at 200 °C for a duration of 120 s results in an augmented STE emission with the photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield rising from an initial 50.1% to a substantial 64.7%. Temperature-dependent PL spectra analysis, Raman spectra, and PL decay traces reveal that the PL improvement is attributed to the appropriate electron–phonon coupling as well as the increased binding energies of STEs induced by the RTT. Our findings open up a new avenue for efficient luminescent 0D tin-halide perovskites toward the development of efficient optoelectronic devices based on 0D perovskites.

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Miao, Yuhang, Xiaojing Wang, Jie Sun, and Zhong Yan. "Recent advances in the biomedical applications of black phosphorus quantum dots." Nanoscale Advances 3, no. 6 (2021): 1532–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0na01003k.

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Zhang, Haihua, Qing Liao, Yishi Wu, Jianwei Chen, Qinggang Gao, and Hongbing Fu. "Pure zero-dimensional Cs4PbBr6 single crystal rhombohedral microdisks with high luminescence and stability." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 43 (2017): 29092–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp06097a.

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Tan, Li, Wu Wang, Qian Li, Zhishan Luo, Chao Zou, Min Tang, Liming Zhang, Jiaqing He, and Zewei Quan. "Colloidal syntheses of zero-dimensional Cs4SnX6 (X = Br, I) nanocrystals with high emission efficiencies." Chemical Communications 56, no. 3 (2020): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc08216f.

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Xu, Yaxin, Jiarui Hu, Xingfu Xiao, Huanfeng He, Guoliang Tong, Junnian Chen, and Yunbin He. "Evaporation crystallization of zero-dimensional guanidinium bismuth iodide perovskite single crystal for X-ray detection." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 9, no. 3 (2022): 494–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qi01049b.

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We synthesized zero-dimensional (0D) lead-free guanidinium bismuth iodide ((Gua)3Bi2I9) single crystals via an antisolvent-assisted evaporation crystallization method, and exploited their potential X-ray detection merits.

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Jani, Mona, Jose A. Arcos-Pareja, and Ming Ni. "Engineered Zero-Dimensional Fullerene/Carbon Dots-Polymer Based Nanocomposite Membranes for Wastewater Treatment." Molecules 25, no. 21 (October 26, 2020): 4934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214934.

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With the rapid growth of industrialization, diverse pollutants produced as by-products are emitted to the air-water ecosystem, and toxic contamination of water is one of the most hazardous environmental issues. Various forms of carbon have been used for adsorption, electrochemical, and ion-exchange membrane filtration to separation processes for water treatment. The utilization of carbon materials has gained tremendous attention as they have exceptional properties such as chemical, mechanical, thermal, antibacterial activities, along with reinforcement capability and high thermal stability, that helps to maintain the ecological balance. Recently, engineered nano-carbon incorporated with polymer as a composite membrane has been spotlighted as a new and effective mode for water treatment. In particular, the properties of zero-dimensional (0D) carbon forms (fullerenes and carbon dots) have encouraged researchers to explore them in the field of wastewater treatment through membrane technologies as they are biocompatible, which is the ultimate requirement to ensure the safety of drinking water. Thus, the purpose of this review is to highlight and summarize current advances in the field of water purification/treatment using 0D carbon-polymer-based nanocomposite membranes. Particular emphasis is placed on the development of 0D carbon forms embedded into a variety of polymer membranes and their influence on the improved performance of the resulting membranes. Current challenges and opportunities for future research are discussed.

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Sun, Chen, Kuan Jiang, Meng-Fei Han, Mei-Jun Liu, Xi-Kai Lian, Yong-Xin Jiang, Hua-Sen Shi, Cheng-Yang Yue, and Xiao-Wu Lei. "A zero-dimensional hybrid lead perovskite with highly efficient blue-violet light emission." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 34 (2020): 11890–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc02351e.

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By using a structural slicing strategy toward 3D CsPbCl₃, we successfully constructed the first 0D perovskite displaying the highest-energy blue-violet light emission (392 nm) with improved photoluminescence quantum yield ranging from <5% to 21.3%.

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Zhan, Weiquan, Yuan Yuan, Chang Liu, Peng Chen, Yumeng Liang, Yu Wang, José Luis Arauz-Lara, and Feifei Jia. "Preparation and application of 0D, 2D and 3D molybdenite: a review." Minerals and Mineral Materials 1, no. 1 (2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/mmm.2022.04.

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Molybdenite (MoS2) has been widely used in the fields of catalysis, desalination, energy storage and conversion and optoelectronics as a result of its unique crystal structures and unusual properties. In the last decade, the modification of the surface, structural and semiconducting properties of zero-, two- and three-dimensional (0D, 2D and 3D) MoS2 for enhanced applications has attracted considerable attention. In this review, we summarize the synthesis, modification methods and application of 0D, 2D and 3D MoS2. The unique structures and properties of 0D, 2D and 3D MoS2 are first introduced. Next, the preparation methods of 0D, 2D and 3D MoS2 are summarized. The modification methods, including surface, structural and composite engineering, for enhancing the physical and chemical properties of 0D, 2D and 3D are also discussed. Finally, inspired by natural and modified MoS2, future suggestions for the design of novel 0D, 2D and 3D MoS2 for various applications are also suggested. This review offers new insights into the design and construction of novel and efficient 0D, 2D and 3D MoS2 for practical applications.

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Kroon, Wilco, Wouter Huberts, Marielle Bosboom, and Frans van de Vosse. "A Numerical Method of Reduced Complexity for Simulating Vascular Hemodynamics Using Coupled 0D Lumped and 1D Wave Propagation Models." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/156094.

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A computational method of reduced complexity is developed for simulating vascular hemodynamics by combination of one-dimensional (1D) wave propagation models for the blood vessels with zero-dimensional (0D) lumped models for the microcirculation. Despite the reduced dimension, current algorithms used to solve the model equations and simulate pressure and flow are rather complex, thereby limiting acceptance in the medical field. This complexity mainly arises from the methods used to combine the 1D and the 0D model equations. In this paper a numerical method is presented that no longer requires additional coupling methods and enables random combinations of 1D and 0D models using pressure as only state variable. The method is applied to a vascular tree consisting of 60 major arteries in the body and the head. Simulated results are realistic. The numerical method is stable and shows good convergence.

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Sun, Chang Feng, Yan Yan Pang, Ying Zhao, and Yu Yang. "Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structure Characterization of Two Hybrid Metal Phosphonates Materials." Advanced Materials Research 1088 (February 2015): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1088.309.

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Under hydrothermal conditions, two copper phosphonates, [Cu2(H2O)2(H2L)(bpy)2(H3L)2]·2H2O (1) and [Cu2(H2O)2(H2L)2(phen)2]·6H2O (2) (H4L = p-xylylenediphosphonic acid, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), have been synthesized using diethyl p-xylylenediphosphonate (dixdp), in which p-xylylenediphosphonic acid (H4L) was generated via in situ hydrolysis. Complexe 1 forms a zero-dimensional (0D) bimetallic rings, while complex 2 features a 0D structure containing two kinds of partially deprotonated H3L-and H2L2-ligand.

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Alastruey, Jordi, Nan Xiao, Henry Fok, Tobias Schaeffter, and C. Alberto Figueroa. "On the impact of modelling assumptions in multi-scale, subject-specific models of aortic haemodynamics." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 13, no. 119 (June 2016): 20160073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0073.

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Simulation of haemodynamics has become increasingly popular within the research community. Irrespective of the modelling approach (zero-dimensional (0D), one-dimensional (1D) or three-dimensional (3D)), in vivo measurements are required to personalize the arterial geometry, material properties and boundary conditions of the computational model. Limitations in in vivo data acquisition often result in insufficient information to determine all model parameters and, hence, arbitrary modelling assumptions. Our goal was to minimize and understand the impact of modelling assumptions on the simulated blood pressure, flow and luminal area waveforms by studying a small region of the systemic vasculature—the upper aorta—and acquiring a rich array of non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging and tonometry data from a young healthy volunteer. We first investigated the effect of different modelling assumptions for boundary conditions and material parameters in a 1D/0D simulation framework. Strategies were implemented to mitigate the impact of inconsistencies in the in vivo data. Average relative errors smaller than 7% were achieved between simulated and in vivo waveforms. Similar results were obtained in a 3D/0D simulation framework using the same inflow and outflow boundary conditions and consistent geometrical and mechanical properties. We demonstrated that accurate subject-specific 1D/0D and 3D/0D models of aortic haemodynamics can be obtained using non-invasive clinical data while minimizing the number of arbitrary modelling decisions.

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Jana, Atanu, Shynggys Zhumagali, Qiankai Ba, Arun S. Nissimagoudar, and Kwang S. Kim. "Direct emission from quartet excited states triggered by upconversion phenomena in solid-phase synthesized fluorescent lead-free organic–inorganic hybrid compounds." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 46 (2019): 26504–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta08268a.

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We report, for the first time, the solid-phase gram-scale synthesis of two lead-free, zero-dimensional (0D) fluorescent organic–inorganic hybrid compounds, [Bu₄N]₂[MnBr₄] (1) and [Ph₄P]₂[MnBr₄] (2).

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Xu, Wei-Long, Siobhan J. Bradley, Yang Xu, Fei Zheng, Christopher R. Hall, Kenneth P. Ghiggino, and Trevor A. Smith. "Highly efficient radiative recombination in intrinsically zero-dimensional perovskite micro-crystals prepared by thermally-assisted solution-phase synthesis." RSC Advances 10, no. 71 (2020): 43579–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra08890k.

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Hou, Shijin, Mai He, Cuihuan Ge, Lanyu Huang, Danliang Zhang, Xinyi Luo, Anlian Pan, and Xiao Wang. "Probing the dipole–dipole interaction in single 0D/2D heterostructures by tightly focused cylindrical vector beams." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 10 (March 6, 2023): 101105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0133325.

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Energy transfer from zero-dimensional (0D) quantum dots (QDs) to two-dimensional (2D) materials has attracted much attention for both the manipulation of fundamental material properties and their potential device applications. An understanding of the effect of dipole interactions on energy transfer rate in the hybrid dimensional system is essential for improving optoelectronic device performance. Here, we report the dipole-orientation-dependent energy transfer from individual core–shell CdSe/ZnS QDs to bilayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) by utilizing tightly focused azimuthally and radially polarized cylindrical vector beams. With second-order photon correlation measurements [g2(τ)], we show the single-photon emission behavior from QDs in 0D/2D heterostructures, indicating that the investigated heterostructure is constructed from single QDs. By polarization resolved photoluminescence (PL) imaging and PL lifetime measurements, we observe a fast energy transfer rate of the system excited with azimuthally polarized beams and interpret it based on dipole–dipole interactions with Förster energy transfer theory. Our work provides an in-depth understanding of the dipole-orientation-dependent energy transfer mechanism in 0D/2D systems, which could offer guidance for designing the related optoelectronic device applications.

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Pataky, Todd C., Mark A. Robinson, and Jos Vanrenterghem. "Region-of-interest analyses of one-dimensional biomechanical trajectories: bridging 0D and 1D theory, augmenting statistical power." PeerJ 4 (November 2, 2016): e2652. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2652.

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One-dimensional (1D) kinematic, force, and EMG trajectories are often analyzed using zero-dimensional (0D) metrics like local extrema. Recently whole-trajectory 1D methods have emerged in the literature as alternatives. Since 0D and 1D methods can yield qualitatively different results, the two approaches may appear to be theoretically distinct. The purposes of this paper were (a) to clarify that 0D and 1D approaches are actually just special cases of a more general region-of-interest (ROI) analysis framework, and (b) to demonstrate how ROIs can augment statistical power. We first simulated millions of smooth, random 1D datasets to validate theoretical predictions of the 0D, 1D and ROI approaches and to emphasize how ROIs provide a continuous bridge between 0D and 1D results. We then analyzed a variety of public datasets to demonstrate potential effects of ROIs on biomechanical conclusions. Results showed, first, thata prioriROI particulars can qualitatively affect the biomechanical conclusions that emerge from analyses and, second, that ROIs derived from exploratory/pilot analyses can detect smaller biomechanical effects than are detectable using full 1D methods. We recommend regarding ROIs, like data filtering particulars and Type I error rate, as parameters which can affect hypothesis testing results, and thus as sensitivity analysis tools to ensure arbitrary decisions do not influence scientific interpretations. Last, we describe open-source Python and MATLAB implementations of 1D ROI analysis for arbitrary experimental designs ranging from one-samplettests to MANOVA.

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Lee, Tae Rim, Soohwan Kim, Hyundong Yoo, and Hansu Kim. "Improving Lithium Storage Properties of SiO_x Nanosheets By Introducing MoO₂ Nanoparticles." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 4 (July 7, 2022): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-014513mtgabs.

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Silicon oxides (SiOx) have been recognized as promising candidates to replace commercial graphite anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. Two-dimensional (2D) microstructure of SiOx nanosheets leads to high capacity retention with the excellent dimensional stability. However, they have the disadvantage of having low specific capacity and low initial Coulombic efficiency. Here, molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) nanoparticles were introduced to compensate for the shortcomings of SiOx nanosheets. MoO2 nanoparticles are chemically bonded to the surface of SiOx nanosheets by Mo-O-Si bond, as a result, showing the improved reversible capacity and initial Coulombic efficiency while maintaining the strength of SiOx nanosheets. The observed improvement can be explained by the synergistic effect resulted by the combination of SiOx nanosheets with zero-dimensional (0D) MoO2 nanoparticles. The former provides favorable microstructures and dimensional stability while the latter offers abnormal lithium storage sites and highly reversible phase transition. In the presentation, the improved lithium storage properties of 2D-SiOx/0D-MoO2 nanocomposites will be discussed in detail.

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Biswas, Anupam, Rangarajan Bakthavatsalam, Vir Bahadur, Chinmoy Biswas, Bhupendra P. Mali, Sai Santosh Kumar Raavi, Rajesh G. Gonnade, and Janardan Kundu. "Lead-free zero dimensional tellurium(iv) chloride-organic hybrid with strong room temperature emission as a luminescent material." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no. 12 (2021): 4351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc05752e.

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Present 0D Te(IV)-chloride organic hybrid luminescent material shows broad, yellow-orange, strong room temperature emission (PLQY ∼15%), ambient/thermal stability, and excitation features in the visible (445 nm) allowing its use as phosphor material.

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Hua, Taoyi, Ying Gao, Yuelin You, and Changwen Jiang. "Parameter Identification of DOC Model Based on Variable Forgetting Factor Least Squares." E3S Web of Conferences 360 (2022): 01038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202236001038.

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In diesel engine after-treatment control technology, the accurate real-time control of Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) outlet temperature is an important topic. To find a high-precision parameter identification algorithm for the DOC system, this paper establishes zero-dimensional (0D) and one-dimensional (1D) mathematical models of DOC, introduces Variable Forgetting Factor Least Squares(VFFRLS) and Nonlinear Least Squares parameter identification for comparison and analysis. The results show that the 0D determination coefficient R-square of Nonlinear Least Squares parameter identification results is around 0.9, the root mean square error (RSME) mean is 23.682, the R-square of 1D is mostly less than 0.9, and the mean value of RSME is 32.649; The R-square of VFFRLS algorithm is 1, and the RSME is below 0.02. Therefore, the VFFRLS algorithm is more suitable for the parameter identification of the DOC temperature model.

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Kim, In Yea, Jong Won Kim, Byeung Ju Lee, and Jae-Hong Lim. "Fabrication and Characteristics of a Conductive FeCo@Au Nanowire Alloy for Semiconductor Test Socket Connectors." Materials 16, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010381.

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The most promising approach for improving the electrical performance of connectors used in semiconductor test sockets involves increasing their electrical conductivity by incorporating one-dimensional (1D) conductive materials between zero-dimensional (0D) conductive materials. In this study, FeCo nanowires were synthesized by electroplating to prepare a material in which 1D materials could be magnetically aligned. Moreover, the nanowires were coated with highly conductive Au. The magnetization per unit mass of the synthesized FeCo and FeCo@Au nanowires was 167.2 and 13.9 emu/g, respectively. The electrical performance of rubber-based semiconductor connectors before and after the introduction of synthetic nanowires was compared, and it was found that the resistance decreased by 14%. The findings reported herein can be exploited to improve the conductivity of rubber-type semiconductor connectors, thereby facilitating the development of connectors using 0D and 1D materials.

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Li, Mei, Junke Li, and Zhiliang Jin. "0D/2D spatial structure of CdxZn1−xS/Ni-MOF-74 for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution." Dalton Transactions 49, no. 16 (2020): 5143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0dt00271b.

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Geagea, Elie, Frank Palmino, and Frédéric Cherioux. "On-Surface Chemistry on Low-Reactive Surfaces." Chemistry 4, no. 3 (August 11, 2022): 796–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry4030057.

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Zero-dimensional (0D), mono-dimensional (1D), or two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures with well-defined properties fabricated directly on surfaces are of growing interest. The fabrication of covalently bound nanostructures on non-metallic surfaces is very promising in terms of applications, but the lack of surface assistance during their synthesis is still a challenge to achieving the fabrication of large-scale and defect-free nanostructures. We discuss the state-of-the-art approaches recently developed in order to provide covalently bounded nanoarchitectures on passivated metallic surfaces, semiconductors, and insulators.

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Zhou, Guojun, Jialiang Ding, Xingxing Jiang, Jian Zhang, Maxim S. Molokeev, Qiqiong Ren, Jun Zhou, Shili Li, and Xian-Ming Zhang. "Coordination units of Mn²⁺ modulation toward tunable emission in zero-dimensional bromides for white light-emitting diodes." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 10, no. 6 (2022): 2095–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc05680h.

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0D Mn2+-based bromides with [MnBr4]2− tetrahedral and [Mn3Br12]6− octahedral units are designed, which aims at clarifying the relationship between the coordination units of Mn2+ and tunable emissions.

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Bi, Sheng, Rongyi Wang, Xu Han, Yao Wang, Dongchen Tan, Baiou Shi, Chengming Jiang, Zhengran He, and Kyeiwaa Asare-Yeboah. "Recent Progress in Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Printed Electronics: From 0D to 3D Materials." Coatings 13, no. 7 (June 25, 2023): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13071150.

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Advanced micro/nano-flexible sensors, displays, electronic skins, and other related devices provide considerable benefits compared to traditional technologies, aiding in the compactness of devices, enhancing energy efficiency, and improving system reliability. The creation of cost-effective, scalable, and high-resolution fabrication techniques for micro/nanostructures built from optoelectronic materials is crucial for downsizing to enhance overall efficiency and boost integration density. The electrohydrodynamic jet (EHD) printing technology is a novel additive manufacturing process that harnesses the power of electricity to create fluid motion, offering unparalleled benefits and a diverse spectrum of potential uses for microelectronic printing in terms of materials, precision, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. This article summarizes various applications of EHD printing by categorizing them as zero-dimensional (0D), one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) printing materials. Zero-dimensional (quantum dot) materials are predominantly utilized in LED applications owing to their superb optoelectronic properties, high color fidelity, adjustable color output, and impressive fluorescence quantum yield. One- and two-dimensional materials are primarily employed in FET and sensor technologies due to their distinctive physical structure and exceptional optoelectronic properties. Three-dimensional materials encompass nanometals, nanopolymers, nanoglass, and nanoporous materials, with nanometals and nanopolymers finding widespread application in EHD printing technology. We hope our work will facilitate the development of small-feature-size, large-scale flexible electronic devices via EHD printing.

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Harry Solo, A., P. Freton, J. J. Gonzalez, and M. Benmouffok. "0D KINETIC MODEL: APPLIED TO SF6." PLASMA PHYSICS AND TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 3 (January 26, 2021): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ppt.2020.3.52.

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This work is related to the chemical kinetics modelling of plasma during extinction. A zero-dimensional model (0D) has been developed. Two hypotheses were used: (A) a constant pressure or (B) a constant mass density. Three initial data categories are generally required for the model: (1) the chemical reactions that govern the kinetic scheme, (2) the chemical composition at the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and (3) a law of temperature decay as a function of time representing the cooling rate. The developed model is presented and applied to SF6, gas commonly used in high voltage circuit breakers (HVCB), in order to be validated. We present the evolution of the species during the temperature decay for several cooling rates. The results give the evolution of species densities and the departures from equilibrium according to the cooling rate. Consideration of SFx molecules is essential in order to avoid erroneous interpretations.

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Wang, Xiaotian, Zhenxiang Cheng, Gang Zhang, Biao Wang, Xiao-Lin Wang, and Hong Chen. "Rich novel zero-dimensional (0D), 1D, and 2D topological elements predicted in the P63/m type ternary boride HfIr3B4." Nanoscale 12, no. 15 (2020): 8314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr00635a.

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Based on first-principles calculations, we propose for the first time that three different (0D, 1D, and 2D) TEs are simultaneously present in a synthetic compound, HfIr₃B₄, with a P6₃/m type structure.

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33

Yu, Changqiang, Min Wen, Zhen Tong, Shuhua Li, Yanhong Yin, Xianbin Liu, Yesheng Li, Tongxiang Liang, Ziping Wu, and Dionysios D. Dionysiou. "Synthesis and enhanced photocatalytic performance of 0D/2D CuO/tourmaline composite photocatalysts." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 11 (March 2, 2020): 407–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.11.31.

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Photocatalysis is considered to be a green and promising technology for transforming organic contaminants into nontoxic products. In this work, a CuO/tourmaline composite with zero-dimensional/two-dimensional (0D/2D) CuO architecture was successfully obtained via a facile hydrothermal process, and its photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB). Surface element valence state and molecular vibration characterization revealed that CuO chemically interacted with tourmaline via Si–O–Cu bonds. The specific surface area of the CuO/tourmaline composite (23.60 m2 g−1) was larger than that of the pristine CuO sample (3.41 m2 g−1). The CuO/tourmaline composite exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of MB, which was ascribed to the increase in the quantity of the adsorption-photoreactive sites and the efficient utilization of the photoinduced charge carriers. This study provides a facile strategy for the construction of 0D/2D CuO structures and the design of tourmaline-based functional composite photocatalysts for the treatment of organic contaminants in water.

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34

Walusiak, Benjamin W., Adharsh Raghavan, and Christopher L. Cahill. "Bandgap modification in 0D tellurium iodide perovskite derivatives via incorporation of polyiodide species." RSC Advances 13, no. 20 (2023): 13477–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra00996c.

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35

Wang, Yan, Mingguang Yao, Xing Hua, Fei Jin, Zhen Yao, Hua Yang, Ziyang Liu, et al. "Structural Evolution of D _5h(1)-C₉₀ under High Pressure: A Mediate Allotrope of Nanocarbon from Zero-Dimensional Fullerene to One-Dimensional Nanotube." Chinese Physics Letters 39, no. 5 (May 1, 2022): 056101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/39/5/056101.

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The hybridization of fullerene and nanotube structures in newly isolated C90 with the D 5h symmetric group (D 5h (1)-C90) provides an ideal model as a mediating allotrope of nanocarbon from zero-dimensional (0D) fullerene to one-dimensional nanotube. Raman and infrared spectroscopy combined with classical molecular dynamics simulation were used to investigate the structural evolution of D 5h (1)-C90 at ambient and high pressure up to 35.1 GPa. Interestingly, the high-pressure transformations of D 5h (1)-C90 exhibit the features of both fullerene and nanotube. At around 2.5 GPa, the D 5h (1)-C90 molecule in the crystal undergoes an orientational transition to a restricted rotation. At 6.6 GPa, the tubular hexagonal part occurs and transforms into a dumbbell-like structure at higher pressure. The material starts to amorphize above 13.9 GPa, and the transition is reversible until the pressure exceeds 25 GPa. The amorphization is probably correlated with both the intermolecular bonding and the morphology change. Our results enrich our understanding of structural changes in nanocarbon from 0D to 1D.

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36

Biswas, Anupam, Rangarajan Bakthavatsalam, Bhupendra P. Mali, Vir Bahadur, Chinmoy Biswas, Sai Santosh Kumar Raavi, Rajesh G. Gonnade, and Janardan Kundu. "The metal halide structure and the extent of distortion control the photo-physical properties of luminescent zero dimensional organic-antimony(iii) halide hybrids." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no. 1 (2021): 348–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc03440a.

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The structural tunability of 0D Sb Cl based hybrid perovskites and the underlying structural distortion mechanism affecting their emissive properties (PL emission energy, PLQY, Stokes shift) are demonstrated here.

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37

Panin, Gennady N. "Low-Dimensional Layered Light-Sensitive Memristive Structures for Energy-Efficient Machine Vision." Electronics 11, no. 4 (February 17, 2022): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11040619.

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Layered two-dimensional (2D) and quasi-zero-dimensional (0D) materials effectively absorb radiation in the wide ultraviolet, visible, infrared, and terahertz ranges. Photomemristive structures made of such low-dimensional materials are of great interest for creating optoelectronic platforms for energy-efficient storage and processing of data and optical signals in real time. Here, photosensor and memristor structures based on graphene, graphene oxide, bismuth oxyselenide, and transition metal dichalcogenides are reviewed from the point of view of application in broadband image recognition in artificial intelligence systems for autonomous unmanned vehicles, as well as the compatibility of the formation of layered neuromorphic structures with CMOS technology.

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38

Biswas, Anupam, Rangarajan Bakthavatsalam, Deep K. Das, Jisvin Sam, Bhupendra P. Mali, Chinmoy Biswas, Narugopal Maana, et al. "Synergistic electronic coupling/cross-talk between the isolated metal halide units of zero dimensional heterometallic (Sb, Mn) halide hybrid with enhanced emission." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 10, no. 1 (2022): 360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc04704c.

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Reported here is a heterometallic 0D hybrid with constituent isolated metal halide units (Sb, Mn) that show strong synergistic interaction/coupling between the metal halide units (through Sb → Mn energy transfer) that results in enhanced emission.

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39

Pan, Xiaoying, Chaoqun Shang, Zhihong Chen, Mingliang Jin, Yongguang Zhang, Zhang Zhang, Xin Wang, and Guofu Zhou. "Enhanced Photocatalytic H2 Evolution over ZnIn2S4 Flower-Like Microspheres Doped with Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots." Nanomaterials 9, no. 9 (September 5, 2019): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9091266.

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In this work, black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) were decorated on hexagonal ZnIn2S4 flower-like microspheres to form zero-dimensional/two-dimensional (0D/2D) structures. Interface interactions between the BPQDs and ZnIn2S4 resulted in optimum effective charge transfer, thereby improving the photocatalytic performance of the material. Thus, the 0.2% BPQD–ZnIn2S4 sample showed 30% higher H2 evolution rates compared to pure ZnIn2S4. This study provides a simple route for the synthesis of photocatalysts. The results obtained herein can pave the way for designing effective catalysts for solar-to-chemical energy conversion and feasible approaches to obtain cheap, clean, and efficient photocatalysts.

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40

Li, Wei, Jian-Nan Zhu, Nan-Nan Shen, Wei-Wei Xiong, and Xiao-Ying Huang. "Assembling [M(P4Mo6)2] (M = Na, Mn, Na/Cu) dimeric clusters via transition metal/sodium ions into 0D to 3D phosphomolybdates." CrystEngComm 21, no. 6 (2019): 971–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ce01866a.

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41

You, Jie, Yichi Zhang, Maolong Yang, Bo Wang, Huiyong Hu, Zimu Wang, Jinze Li, Hao Sun, and Liming Wang. "Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared Broadband Photodetector Based on Electronspun Disorder ZnO Nanowires/Ge Quantum Dots Hybrid Structure." Crystals 12, no. 2 (January 25, 2022): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12020172.

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Ultraviolet-visible-near infrared broadband photodetectors have significant prospects in many fields such as image sensing, communication, chemical sensing, and day and nighttime surveillance. Hybrid one-dimensional (1D) and zero-dimensional (0D) materials are attractive for broadband-responsive photodetectors since its unique charges transfer characteristics and facile fabrication processes. Herein, a Si/ZnO nanowires/Ge quantum dots photodetector has been constructed via processes that combined electrospinning and spin-coating methods. A broadband response behavior from ultraviolet to near-infrared (from 250 to 1550 nm) is observed. The responsivity of the hybrid structure increases around three times from 550 to 1100 nm compared with the pure Si photodetector. Moreover, when the photodetector is illuminated by a light source exceeding 1100 nm, such as 1310 and 1550 nm, there is also a significant photoresponse. Additionally, the ZnO NWs/Ge quantum dots heterostructure is expected to be used in flexible substrates, which benefits from electrospinning and spin-coating processes. The strategy that combines 1D ZnO NWs and 0D solution-processed Ge QDs nanostructures may open a new avenue for flexible and broadband photodetector.

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42

Lee, Jin-Hyoek, Sang-Yun Jeong, Young-Don Son, and Sang-Wha Lee. "Facile Fabrication of TiO2 Quantum Dots-Anchored g-C3N4 Nanosheets as 0D/2D Heterojunction Nanocomposite for Accelerating Solar-Driven Photocatalysis." Nanomaterials 13, no. 9 (May 6, 2023): 1565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13091565.

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TiO₂ semiconductors exhibit a low catalytic activity level under visible light because of their large band gap and fast recombination of electron–hole pairs. This paper reports the simple fabrication of a 0D/2D heterojunction photocatalyst by anchoring TiO₂ quantum dots (QDs) on graphite-like C₃N₄ (g-C₃N₄) nanosheets (NSs); the photocatalyst is denoted as TiO₂ QDs@g-C₃N₄. The nanocomposite was characterized via analytical instruments, such as powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, t orange (MO) under solar light were compared. The TiO₂ QDs@g-C₃N₄ photocatalyst exhibited 95.57% MO degradation efficiency and ~3.3-fold and 5.7-fold higher activity level than those of TiO₂ QDs and g-C₃N₄ NSs, respectively. Zero-dimensional/two-dimensional heterojunction formation with a staggered electronic structure leads to the efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers via a Z-scheme pathway, which significantly accelerates photocatalysis under solar light. This study provides a facile synthetic method for the rational design of 0D/2D heterojunction nanocomposites with enhanced solar-driven catalytic activity.

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43

Yang, Ziyu, Huihui Zhang, Junjie Xu, Renzhi Ma, Takayoshi Sasaki, Yu-Jia Zeng, Shuangchen Ruan, and Yanglong Hou. "Anisotropic fluoride nanocrystals modulated by facet-specific passivation and their disordered surfaces." National Science Review 7, no. 5 (March 13, 2020): 841–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa042.

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Abstract Rutile-type fluorides have been proven to be active components in the context of emerging antiferr-omagnetic devices. However, controlled synthesis of low-dimensional, in particular two-dimensional (2D), fluorides in a predictable and deterministic manner remains unrealized because of a lack of efficient anisotropic control, which impedes their further development in reduced dimensions. We report here that altered passivation of {110} growing facets can direct the synthesis of rutile-type fluoride nanocrystals into well-defined zero-dimensional (0D) particulates, one-dimensional (1D) rods and 2D sheets in a colloidal approach. The obtained nanocrystals show positive exchange bias and enhanced magnetic transition temperature from the coexistence of long-range antiferromagnetic order and disordered surface spins, making them strong alternatives for flexible magnetic devices and sensors.

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44

Zhang, Xunchao, Lihua Kang, and Mingyuan Zhu. "Density Functional Theory Study of Low-Dimensional (2D, 1D, 0D) Boron Nitride Nanomaterials Catalyzing Acetylene Acetate Reaction." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 17 (September 2, 2022): 9997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179997.

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In this paper, density functional theory (DFT) was used to study the possibility of low-dimensional (2D, 1D, 0D) boron nitride nanomaterials to catalyze acetylene acetate reaction, and further explore the possible source of this catalytic activity. It is found that the catalytic activity of boron nitride nanomaterials for acetylene acetate reaction will change with the change of the geometric structure (dimension) and reaction site of the catalyst. From the geometric structure, the reaction components and the zero-dimensional BN catalyst can form chemical bonds and form complexes, while only physical adsorption occurs on the surface of the one-dimensional and two-dimensional BN catalysts. From the reaction site, the properties of different C sites on the B12N12NC-C2H2 complexes are different. Namely, a C atom connected with a B atom is more likely to have an electrophilic reaction with H+, and a C atom connected with an N atom is more likely to have a nucleophilic reaction with CH3COO−. Through the study of three kinds of BN nanomaterials with low dimensions, we found that the zero-dimensional B12N12 nanocage broke the inherent reaction inertia of BN materials and showed good catalytic activity in an acetylene acetate reaction, which is very likely to be a non-metallic catalyst for the acetylene gas-phase preparation of vinyl acetate.

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45

WANG, WENXIN, YOUJUN LIU, XI ZHAO, JINSHENG XIE, and AIKE QIAO. "HEMODYNAMICS-BASED LONG-TERM PATENCY OF DIFFERENT SEQUENTIAL GRAFTING: A PATIENT-SPECIFIC MULTI-SCALE STUDY." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 17, no. 01 (February 2017): 1750017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519417500178.

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Background and aims: Sequential grafting is one of the common coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. But the influence of the sequential grafting position on hemodynamics and the graft patency is still unclear. Materials and methods: The zero-dimensional/three-dimensional (0D/3D) coupling method was used to finalize the multi-scale simulation of two different sequential grafting models. First, a patient-specific 3D model was reconstructed based on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) images. Two different sequential grafts were implemented on this patient-specific 3D model by using virtual surgery. Thus, two different postoperative 3D models were built. Then, a lumped parameter model (LPM; 0D) was built based on the patient physiological data to simulate the cardiovascular system. Finally, the 0D/3D coupling method was used to perform the numerical simulation by coupling a 0D LPM of the cardiovascular system and the patient-specific 3D models. Moreover, the long-term patency of these two different sequential grafts was discussed in this paper. Results: The coronary flow rate and the graft flow were calculated and illustrated. The instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) were calculated. Postoperative iFR values increase to over 0.90 for both sequential grafts. Some hemodynamics parameters were also illustrated, such as wall shear stress (WSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI). The area of low WSS in Model 1 was much less than that in Model 2. Two regions of high OSI exist in Model 2, while only one in Model 1. Conclusions: No significant differences exist on the short-term outcomes of two models. But the long-term patency of Model 2 was worse. The Model 1 may enhance long-term patency of grafting and should be priority when the sequential grafting need to be carried out.

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ZHAO, XI, YOUJUN LIU, LIANCAI MA, WENXIN WANG, JINSHENG XIE, and AIKE QIAO. "HEMODYNAMIC COMPARISON BETWEEN NORMAL GRAFT AND Y-TYPE GRAFT IN CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING: A NUMERICAL STUDY USING 0D/3D COUPLING METHOD." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 15, no. 04 (August 2015): 1550053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519415500530.

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Different surgical procedures in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) will cause different hemodynamic environments, which will affect the surgical result and long-term patency. In this study, the hemodynamic effect of the Y-type graft was discussed by comparing it with normal graft. A patient-specific 3-dimensional (3D) model of coronary artery with serious stenosis was reconstructed. Two different surgical procedures were applied on the 3D model through the virtual surgery, the normal graft and the Y-type graft. Thus, two 3D models with different grafts were built. The zero-dimensional (0D)/3D coupling method was used to perform the numerical simulation by coupling the 3D artery model with a 0D lumped parameter model of the cardiovascular system. The coronary flow rate and the graft flow were calculated and illustrated in this paper. The wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) were also calculated and depicted. The short-term outcomes of the normal graft and Y-type graft are almost the same. But the long-term patency of the Y-type graft is worse. Moreover, decreasing the diameter of the graft to LCX may get higher WSS and provide enough flow at the same time.

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Kabel, Jeff, Sambhawana Sharma, Amit Acharya, Dongyan Zhang, and Yoke Khin Yap. "Molybdenum Disulfide Quantum Dots: Properties, Synthesis, and Applications." C 7, no. 2 (May 8, 2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c7020045.

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Molybdenum disulfide quantum dots (MoS2 QDs) are a unique class of zero-dimensional (0D) van der Waals nanostructures. MoS2 QDs have attracted significant attention due to their unique optical, electronic, chemical, and biological properties due to the presence of edge states of these van der Waals QDs for various chemical functionalization. Their novel properties have enabled applications in many fields, including advanced electronics, electrocatalysis, and biomedicine. In this review, the various synthesis techniques, the novel properties, and the wide applications of MoS2 quantum dots are discussed in detail.

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48

Edvinsson, T. "Optical quantum confinement and photocatalytic properties in two-, one- and zero-dimensional nanostructures." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 9 (September 2018): 180387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180387.

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Low-dimensional nanomaterials have been explored extensively in the last decades, partly fuelled by the new possibilities for tuning and controlling their electronic properties. In a broader perspective within catalysis, two-, one- and zero-dimensional (2D, 1D and 0D) inorganic nanomaterials represent a bridge between the selectivity of molecular catalysts and the high performance and stability of inorganic catalysts. As a consequence of the low dimensions, higher surface areas are obtained but also introduce new physics and increased tuneability of the electronic states in the nanostructured system. Herein, we derive the commonly used equations for optical transitions and carrier confinement in semiconductors and discuss their effect on the optical and photocatalytic properties of direct band and indirect band gap materials. In particular, the physical properties of the optical and photocatalytic properties of Fe 2 O 3 and ZnO will be used to exemplify the effects of the low dimensionality. Carrier confinement effects with changes in the density of states, band gap/shift of band edges will be outlined together with their effects on the tuneability of the material and their wider application as photocatalytic materials.

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Yan, Bingdong, Zike Cheng, Caiyan Lai, Bin Qiao, Run Yuan, Chide Zhang, Hua Pei, Jinchun Tu, and Qiang Wu. "Boosting the Photocatalytic Ability of TiO2 Nanosheet Arrays for MicroRNA-155 Photoelectrochemical Biosensing by Titanium Carbide MXene Quantum Dots." Nanomaterials 12, no. 20 (October 11, 2022): 3557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12203557.

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The electrodes of two-dimensional (2D) titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanosheet arrays were successfully fabricated for microRNA-155 detection. The (001) highly active crystal face was exposed to catalyze signaling molecules ascorbic acid (AA). Zero-dimensional (0D) titanium carbide quantum dots (Ti3C2Tx QDs) were modified to the electrode as co-catalysts and reduced the recombination rate of the charge carriers. Spectroscopic methods were used to determine the band structure of TiO2 and Ti3C2Tx QDs, showing that a type Ⅱ heterojunction was built between TiO2 and Ti3C2Tx QDs. Benefiting the advantages of materials, the sensing platform achieved excellent detection performance with a wide liner range, from 0.1 pM to 10 nM, and a low limit of detection of 25 fM (S/N = 3).

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Chen, Wei-Jun, Kai-Bin Chu, and Jun-Ling Song. "Low-dimensional bismuth(III) iodide hybrid material with high activity for the fast removal of rhodamine B." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 74, no. 12 (November 27, 2018): 1744–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229618016030.

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Organic–inorganic hybrid lead-based perovskite crystal materials have been widely studied due to their excellent optical–electronic properties. However, the toxicity of lead limits their widespread use. Here, a lead-free perovskite-type compound, tetrakis(1,2,3-trimethylimidazolium) di-μ3-iodido-tetra-μ2-iodido-decaiodidotetrabismuth(III), (C6H11N2)4[Bi4I16], has been successfully synthesized by a simple solvothermal method. It exhibits a zero-dimensional (0D) tetrameric structure, including edge-sharing [Bi4I16]4− distorted octahedra. The band gap of 2.0 eV is close to that of (NH4)3[Bi2I9]. Degradation ability measurements were performed to examine the potential application of this material as an alternative for waste-water treatment.

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Journal articles on the topic 'ZERO-DIMENSIONAL (0D)'

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