Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Zéolites – Synthèse (chimie)'
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Kuhn, Philippe. "Zéolithes et chimie organique : Elaboration de nouvelles voies de synthèses vertes." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/KUHN_Philippe_2011.pdf.
Full textThe work presented in this manuscript relates the application of zeolites in organic chemistry. Used in their acidic form or doped with copper(I) cations, to exhibit coupling properties, they exhibit a high efficiency and flexibility. Those acids, are easy to handle and well indicated in green chemistry. The development of a new chlorination system, using zeolites and trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA), has been studied. A variety of aromatics, activated or not, has been chlorinated with this system. The first method, in liquid/solid phase, allows chlorination of activated or weakly activated aromatics. The second, in solid/gas and in continuous flow, in a plug-flow reactor, allows to avoid temperature limitation due to the use of solvents. This method is able to chlorinate strong deactivated aromatics such as nitrobenzene. Doping zeolites with copper(I) creates a heterogeneous catalyst which exhibits functionality provided by zeolites themselves and copper(I) cations. Those functionalities are useful in Glaser coupling reaction (alkyne homocoupling). Preparation followed by multiple characterizations allow us to target more efficiently properties of copper(I) doped zeolites. The elaborated synthesis provides extraction and manipulation facilities and also good to excellent yields in homocoupling products
Le, Goff Pierre-Yves. "Synthèse de zéolithes en système semi-ouvert et à partir de solutions aqueuses basiques." Mulhouse, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MULH0383.
Full textAwala, Hussein. "Synthèse des nanoparticules de zéolithe pour des applications environnementales." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN2012.
Full textZeolite nanoparticles with diverse pore architectures, high external surface area, micro/mesoporosity, define particle size and morphology open the door for advanced applications. In addition to catalysis, separation and ion exchange processes, nanosized zeolites assembled in films and three-dimensional constructs are used as optical devices, separation membranes and reactors for immobilization of chemical sensitive compounds. In this work the synthesis procedure for nanosized zeolites (FAU and EMT- framework types) from organic-template-free precursor suspensions is developed. Besides, seed-assisted approach is applied for preparation of high silica BEA-type zeolite. In addition, environmentally friendly synthesis of nanosized zeolites at ambient condition using rice husk ash as a silica source is developed. The crystallization and transformation processes of eight zeolites in organic-free precursor suspensions are studied in details. Finally, the applications of nanosized zeolites for (1) purification of water (removal of heavy metals and pesticides), (2) stabilization of methylene blue, (3) inhibition of palm oil oxidation, (4) Bragg stacks chemical sensors, and (5) antireflection coatings are demonstrated
Paulaime, Anne-Margot. "Taille et agglomération des cristaux d'une zéolithe au cours de la synthèse : effets des paramètres expérimentaux et modélisation." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPL090N.
Full textZeolites are an important class of natural and synthetic solids. They are used for ion exchange and adsorption, but are also widely used as catalysts and catalyst supports for the petroleum industry. Ln sorne cases, obtaining the desired catalytic performance totally rely on the synthesis of zeolite crystals having an optimal size. Ln the actual state of art, nucleation and growth of zeolite crystals are relatively well known. The initial gel, obtained by mixing of a sodium aluminate solution, an organic compound and a silicium source, is made of an amorphous solid phase and a liquid phase. However, there are in the literature few mentions about the two levels agglomeration process taking place in sorne zeolites crystallizations. The aim of this thesis is to study the hydrothermal synthesis of a specifie zeolite in order to control the sizes of crystals and their agglomeration degrees during synthesis. A methodology using XRD, SEM, AAS and PSA has then been elaborated to follow the synthesis and the evolution of those characteristics during synthesis. Once the physico-chemical and hydrodynarnic parameters (alkalinity, dilution, synthesis temperature, gel ageing, stirring speed and suspension volume) able to influence those features deterrnined, the method described above allowed the study of the influence of those parameters on the synthesis and on the various entities forrning zeolite crystals. A predictive model of sizes and agglomeration degrees, based on operating conditions, with respect to thermodynamics, kinetics and hydrodynarnics, has been elaborated. An investigative study of the influence of ultrasounds on zeolite synthesis has also been performed
Bernardon, Claire. "Les zéolithes comme catalyseurs "verts" pour la synthèse organique : de leur synthèse à façon à leurs applications en chimie organique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAF017/document.
Full textZeolites are crystalline porous aluminosilicates and useful heterogeneous catalysts in chemical industries. They represent one of the significant solutions to main environmental concerns. Thanks to their particular properties like shape selectivity and intrinsic acidities of Lewis and Brønsted, zeolites offer unbeatable abilities in organic synthesis. More than 230 structures have already been discovered, which afford thousands discovery and offer a lot of possibilities.This work was focused on (i) a better understanding of zeolite crystallisation in the presence of an additional component from sugar industry, sugarcane bagasse; (ii) several characterization techniques have been used for a precise structure – properties understanding, mainly for their acidity; (iii) tailored-made catalysts have been tested in model reactions like Diels-Alder and Friedel-Crafts acylation. Hence, optimal catalysts exhibiting required properties could be prepared. This Thesis also aimed to explain zeolite crystallization thanks to sacrificial additional template.BEA, MFI, FAU and LTA zeolites have been prepared then optimized for catalytic testing in different reactions, while keeping in mind the Green Chemistry concept
Walspurger, Stéphane. "Activation des petits alcanes par les acides solides et quelques exemples d'application des superacides et des acides solides en synthèse organique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/WALSPURGER_Stephane_2006.pdf.
Full textThe presented work deals with the use of strong acids in petrochemistry but also in fine chemicals synthesis, and deals overall with carbocations. The intervention of such species can be demonstrated either directly by spectroscopic methods or by studying the reactivity of molecular probes. The comparison between superacids and solid acids is based on the reactivity observed in both media and the nature of intermediates. The redistribution of carbon and hydrogen atoms during the activation of propane on sulfated zirconia has been studied by solid state NMR. The analysis of the kinetics of redistribution has highlighted three types of intermediates adsorbed on the surface: the 2-propyl cation, the 1-propyl cation and the protonated cyclopropane. H/D exchange reactions with small hydrocarbons (methane, propane and néopentane) show the important role of the surface and the confinement effect of the solid as well as the anionic part of liquid superacids in the transition state leading to the activation of alkanes. Among Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions there are some that necessitate drastic conditions and strong acidities. Thus α,β-unsaturated amides have to be diprotonated (superelectrophiles) in superacids to react with such weak nucleophiles as benzene or dichlorobenzene. Electrophilic substitution of these poor aromatic nucleophiles as well as selective ionic reduction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds or cyclization of 1-phenyl-2-propenone have been carried out using zeolite. The use of solid acids for such reactions is new and confirms that strong electrophiles can be generated on their surface
Gachard, Elisabeth. "Synthèse sous rayonnement gamma et caractérisation d'agrégats d'argent dans la zéolithe Y." Bordeaux 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR10615.
Full textWimmer, Eric. "Utilisation de zéolithes dopées avec des métaux en synthèse organique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAF061/document.
Full textNowadays, reduction of the environmental impact of the chemical industry is a major challenge. To reach this goal, Green Chemistry was born in the 90s where catalysis plays an essential role especially with heterogenous catalysts. The aim of this PhD thesis was to use a support (zeolite) doped with a transition metal in organic synthesis and more specifically in a multi-step synthesis. These heterogeneous catalysts are interesting because they are potentially recyclable, easy to separate from reaction medium and stable. In order to reach our goal, we have performed the total synthesis of acortatarin A performing a step with a copper doped zeolite to form a N-alcynylpyrrole and in another step, a silver doped zeolite was used in a spiroketalization. The methodology linked to these two steps was firstly studied and then gained knowledge was successfully applied in the total synthesis of acortatarin A. Moreover, two additional steps were carried out with acidic zeolites during the synthesis. Through this total synthesis, we have demonstrated that metal-doped zeolites can be very attractiveto perform multi-step synthesis
Di, Xiaohui. "Zéolithes dopées au cuivre(I) comme catalyseurs verts pour la synthèse organique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAF012.
Full textAryl rings are a predominant feature in numerous biologically active compounds. Most of them can exist as biaryl, phenol, and tetrahydroisoquinoline moieties, which are encountered in many natural products and in various important synthetic intermediates. In the last few decades, various (transition) metal-catalyzed coupling reactions have emerged to synthesize such motifs or molecules via the formation of carbon-carbon bonds or carbon-heteroatom bonds. However, most of them were performed under homogeneous conditions with unsatisfactory reaction conditions, such as high temperatures, toxic solvents, and additional bases and ligands. To improve the greenness and sustainability of these processes, the potential of copper-doped zeolites as heterogeneous and recyclable catalysts was evaluated for the synthesis of biaryls, phenols, and tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives through the study of several coupling reactions, such as homocoupling-type reactions, Chan-Lam-Evans-type cross-coupling and cross-dehydrogenative coupling reactions. Several efficient and economical catalytic procedures were developed under greener and milder conditions without the need for any additional ligand and base.Furthermore, the application of the so-obtained important biaryl motifs has also been explored in Diels–Alder reactions for the construction of heterocycles of interest with high atom economies
Rodriguez, Maria-Isabel. "Catalyse basique hétérogène : corrélations acitivité." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20068.
Full textDebost, Maxime. "Synthèse et étude structurale de nanozeolites à petits micropores pour la capture du CO2." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC232.
Full textThe goal of this work is to prepare template-free small pore nanosized zeolites. The direct synthesis of nanosized CHA and RHO type zeolites without organic structure directing agents provided materials with a Si/Al ratio suitable for the separation of CO2 from CH4. The first part of this study concerns the development of a new synthetic route towards preparation of small pore nanozeolites from water clear precursor suspensions. The nanocrystals have a diameter of 30 - 200 nm and a Si/Al ratio of 1.4 to 2.6. The second part is dedicated on the crystallographic analysis of the RHO and CHA nanosized zeolites in hydrated and dehydrated forms. Precession electron diffraction tomography (PEDT) and in-situ powder XRD methods were used to characterize the structure of the newly synthesized materials with nanosized dimensions. The third part of the thesis includes the adsorption studies of CO2 and CH4 in the CHA and RHO nanosized zeolites. The high selectivity of the zeolite nanocrystals synthesized with different cations (Cs, Na, K) towards CO2 in the presence of CH4 is demonstrated
Al, Atrach Jaouad. "Advanced design οf zeοlitic materials fοr the adsοrptiοn/separatiοn οf CΟ2, Ν2, and CΗ4 mοlecules." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMC234.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to optimizing small-pore zeolite materials for efficient CO2 adsorption andgas separation. The work focuses on improving zeolite performance through cation exchange,crystal size control, and the synthesis of novel adsorbents. Mg-exchanged Gismondine (GIS)zeolites were synthesized, demonstrating enhanced CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 selectivities due to partialcation exchange with Mg2+, which influenced the framework distortion and improved bothadsorption capacity and selectivity, underscoring their potential for practical carbon captureapplications. A seed-assisted synthesis method was also employed to develop nanosized zeolite P(GIS), which significantly improved CO2 adsorption kinetics by reducing diffusion limitations,with faster diffusion resulting from an intracrystalline diffusion mechanism. This superior diffusionwithin the nanosized zeolites led to enhanced performance in dynamic gas separation compared totheir micron-sized counterparts. The thesis also introduces Levyne (LEV) zeolites as novelcandidates for CO2 adsorption, where careful control of the Si/Al ratio and the use of nanosizedseeds allowed for precise tuning of adsorption properties. The study highlights the critical role ofthe Si/Al ratio in optimizing CO2 selectivity, uptake, and adsorption−desorption behaviour,establishing LEV as a promising material for gas separation. These findings demonstrate howtailored synthesis methods, cation exchange optimization, crystal size control, and Si/Al ratioadjustment can significantly enhance the performance of zeolite-based materials in carbon captureand energy-efficient gas separation technologies
Zaitceva, Olesia. "Development of new synthetic tools for the preparation of coumarins and thiocoumarins." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAF014.
Full textThe first separation of coumarin was made in 1820, since then scientists extracted more than a thousand natural coumarins and came up with many ways to synthesize them. Coumarins have found application in pharmaceutics, medicine, optical chemistry and biochemistry. Thiocoumarins are poorly represented in the literature than coumarins, but find application in similar areas. Due to a wide range of applications of coumarins and great potential of thiocoumarins, we decided to search for effective methods for synthesizing these compounds. The main goal of our study relies on the development of new methods for preparing coumarin and thiocoumarin derivatives starting from acetylenic compounds. The work is divided into the development of two strategies: homogeneous catalysis with a platinum complex and parallel to heterogeneous catalysis with acidic zeolites. According to the results it was possible to reveal the conditions for the cyclization of O- and S- arylpropynoates to coumarins and thiocoumarins. Although it was shown that the Pt (II) complex (PyPhPtCl(MeCN)) acts to cyclize O-arylpropynoates into coumarins, zeolites (H-Y, H-USY) are effective acid catalysts for access not only to coumarins, but also to thiocoumarins
Patarin, Joël. "Synthèse en milieu fluorure et caractérisation de zéolithes ferrisilicatées de type MFI : étude de la stabilisation de ce type structural par des cations polypropylammonium." Mulhouse, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MULH0083.
Full textFayek, Jawad. "Synthesis of Structure Determining Agents (SDAs) for zeolites with extra-large pore size." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMC201.
Full textZeolites are uniformly crystalline porous materials formed of a vertex sharing TO4 units (T= Si, Al, Ge, etc.). They are prepared under hydrothermal conditions, by mixing a suitable structure directing agent (SDA) with a gel containing inorganic components such as silica, alumina or germanium. At specific pH and temperature, the SDA induces nucleation, seed formation and crystal growth to obtain zeolites with specific size, shape and dimension. Extra-large pore size zeolites with pore aperture larger than 0.75 nm aroused increasing interest from researchers due to their promising activity in processing bulkier molecules, improving diffusion rate, prolonging the catalyst lifetime and changing product selectivity. Our goal is to prepare SDA’s having different alkyl substituents following size expansion approach, by synthesizing ammonium salts containing either one or two alkyne moieties. Furthermore, ammonium salts based on imidazole, hexamethyl-enetetramine and 4-phenylpyridine compounds – as well as synthetic paths for the preparation of [2.2] paracyclophane based ammonium salts using King’s reaction were explored. Additionally, organic salts based on phosphorous were synthesized. Preparation, purification and preliminary results of their use as SDAs in zeolite synthesis will be shown in this thesis
Schejn, Aleksandra Maria. "Synthesis and catalytic activity of ZIF-8 and doped-ZIF-8 crystals : stability and cytotoxicity evaluation." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0212/document.
Full textMetal organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained considerable attention as heterogeneous catalytic systems and also have been studied in the area of separation, gas storage, controlled release or as drug delivery systems. According to their complex structure formed by metal centers coordinated with polydentate linkers, MOFs expose abundance of Lewis and/or Brönsted acid-base sites that are crucial for the materials catalytic activity and selectivity towards specific reactions. Moreover, these materials have many other attractive properties, including a large surface area, a low density and a high porosity. In this work, we focused on the zeolithic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) material – a MOF exhibiting high porosity and stability and which can also be used as a template for further functionalization and modification. Firstly, we focused on the preparation of ZIF-8 crystals and ZIF-8 heterostructures with properties adapted to the desired application, and then shaping of the catalyst to obtain the best form of material for industrial scale-up utilization. By varying Zn2+ precursors used for the synthesis, we demonstrated that the properties (size, porosity,…) of ZIF-8 crystals can be controlled and tuned depending on the applications. These ZIF-8 crystals were successfully applied as heterogeneous catalysts in Knoevenagel and Friedländer reactions. Next, we developed protocols for the synthesis of Cu2+-doped ZIF-8 crystals. The use of these crystals could be extended to Cu-mediated reactions, like the Combes condensation and the Huisgen cycloaddition. We evaluated recyclability and we showed that the nanomaterials could be reused up to ten times without any loss of catalytic activity. Moreover, we functionalized ZIF-8 crystals with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The hybrid Fe3O4@ZIF-8 heterostructures could be easily recovered by magnetic separation after catalytic experiments. To show multiple benefits originating from the ZIF-8 structure and properties, we also used this material for the conversion of CO2 into cyclic carbonates using a Parr reactor. As the reaction could be scale-up at the industrial level, we shaped the powder in the form of pellets and use it under the same conditions. In the last chapter, we evaluated the toxicity and the stability in biological media of ZIF-8, Cu- and Fe-doped ZIF-8 particles using A549 alveolar cells, IHK skin cells as models and in vitro ingestion under fed conditions. These models were chosen according to the most probable first contact entering gates for nanoparticles inside human body, skin, lungs and digestive tract. Outcomes from these preliminary studies motivated us to conduct extended stability tests of the particles in different media. We showed that the particles are altered by pH changes and medium complexity
Hamaizi, Hadj. "Synthèse et caractérisation de la zéolithe ZK-4 : étude texturale et structurale." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0105.
Full textGuzman, Castillo Maria de Lourdes. "Contribution à l'étude de la thermodynamique et de la cinétique de cristallisation de la mazzite." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20003.
Full textCorda, Massimo. "Catalyst Design and Mechanistic Insights into COx Hydrogenation to Methanol and Light Olefins." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDSMRE/2024/2024ULILR037.pdf.
Full textThe increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2 presents significant environmental challenges and emphasizes the urgency for sustainable chemical processes. One promising approach to address this issues is the catalytic conversion of CO2 into value-added chemicals, such as methanol and light olefins. This thesis focuses on the catalyst development for the methanol synthesis and the methanol-mediated light olefins synthesis from CO2. Moreover, the methanol-mediated CO hydrogenation to light olefins is also studied: CO can be considered as an alternative to CO2, as it can be produced by the Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction. The work reported in this thesis provides new insights into catalyst design for the COx hydrogenation to methanol or light olefins, suggesting new strategies to improve product selectivity. Additionally, the thesis advances the understanding of mechanistic aspects of these reactions. For the CO2 hydrogenation to methanol, the commercial CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 catalyst was promoted with halogens (Br, Cl, I), to improve selectivity to methanol. It was observed that Br allowed to improve the selectivity of 10 % compared to the pristine catalyst. A kinetic analysis showed that Br caused the suppression of the Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction and of the methanol decomposition reaction, both responsible of the parallel production of CO. For the methanol-mediated CO2 hydrogenation to light olefins, a series of bifunctional catalysts based on oxides of Zn, In, Mn, Cr, or Ga and different SAPO-34 zeolites were studied. The analysis of the selectivity-conversion correlations allowed to elucidate the functions of each catalyst component. It was uncovered that the selectivity to LO within hydrocarbon fractions depended ultimately on the zeolite component and decreased as a function of hydrocarbon yield. The metal-oxide catalyst component was responsible for the CO2 conversion, overall hydrocarbon and CO selectivity. The SAPO-34 morphology and acidity were identified as major descriptors of the CO-free LO selectivity in the CO2 hydrogenation over bifunctional catalysts. Finally, for the methanol-mediated synthesis of light olefins from syngas, this work studied the activity of a bifunctional catalyst composed by supported silver nanoparticles mixed with SAPO-34 zeolite. The resulting catalysts exhibited higher selectivity to light olefins compared to a conventional oxide-zeolite catalyst. It was observed that the reaction is structure-sensitive, and the silver particle size influences the selectivity to light olefins
Gauthier, Arnaud. "Identification des mécanismes d'altération du verre R7T7 en milieu silico-phosphate." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2266.
Full textAzzolina, Jury Federico. "Préparation et caractérisation de zéolithes dopées par des métaux de transition : Mesure de propriétés diélectriques et magnétiques et leur application à la synthèse de composés chimiques sous irradiation microondes." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAM0025.
Full textThis study focuses on the synthesis and preparation of modified zeolites with transition metals and theirs applications in catalysis under microwave irradiation. Previous works have shown interest in modifying zeolites with transition metals for their application to oxidation reactions and in using microwave irradiation in order to increase the reaction rates. In this thesis, we studied two types of zeolite structure (MEL and FAU) doped with transitionmetals (Co, Mn, Fe, Zn, Ni, Cr) at different concentrations. A classic characterization study has increased the knowledge on the preparation of modified zeolites and the understanding of their influence on thecatalytic activity. The styrene partial oxidation reaction for benzaldehyde production was chosen as amodel reaction. Co-ZSM-11 zeolite presented the best catalytic activity in this study and also compared to other catalysts found in the literature. The styrene oxidation reactions were studied under microwave irradiation and under conventional heating. No difference in the activity of doped zeolites was observed for both types of heating. The low values of permittivity and permeability of zeolites doped with transition metals make difficult the intensification of the benzaldehyde production process from styrene oxidation under microwave. The parameters of the model reaction have been optimized and a reaction kinetic study was carried out by using the Co-ZSM-11 zeolite. Finally, the hysteresis dielectric heating was used in the synthesis of ZSM-11. The synthesis time was significantly reduced (80%) under microwave irradiation compared to conventional heating
Wattanakit, Chularat. "Élaboration et application de matériaux poreux : études théoriques et expérimentales." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00912339.
Full textBen, Moussa Olfa. "Conception raisonnée de catalyseurs bifonctionnels : élaboration de catalyseurs Pt0/zéolithe-Alumine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2016PA066700.pdf.
Full textBifunctional hydrocracking catalysts require both Brønsted acid sites and metal sites. Hence, the intimacy between acid sites and metal sites can influence the activity and selectivity of the reaction. We intended to explore the effect of metal sites-acid sites distance on the conversion of n-heptane by designing platinum catalysts supported on alumina-zeolite nanostructures. For this, we studied the synthesis of nanoscale colloidal suspensions of zeolite NaY (20 nm) beta (30 nm), ZSM-5 (50 nm). Composite materials were then prepared either by direct synthesis in the presence of a support, or by contacting these colloidal suspensions (at appropriate pH conditions) with suspensions of boehmite (turning into γ-alumina by calcination). Zeolite-core@alumina-crown composite crown) were thus obtained. The platinum particles were thereafter selectively formed on the alumina or zeolite domains of these composites using the appropriate precursor of platinum in a suitable pH range (pH = 5-8). The thus-prepared catalysts were compared with other catalysts, for which the distance between the acid sites and the metal sites varies between nm and μm scales, to form a series of catalysts with variable acid-metal distances and accessibilities. Catalytic study concluded that improving accessibility to the active sites (Pt0 / Alumina-nanozéolithe) improves the selectivity to isomerization, while the distance plays an inhibitory role only when it reaches a scale of several microns
Ben, Moussa Olfa. "Conception raisonnée de catalyseurs bifonctionnels : élaboration de catalyseurs Pt0/zéolithe-Alumine." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066700/document.
Full textBifunctional hydrocracking catalysts require both Brønsted acid sites and metal sites. Hence, the intimacy between acid sites and metal sites can influence the activity and selectivity of the reaction. We intended to explore the effect of metal sites-acid sites distance on the conversion of n-heptane by designing platinum catalysts supported on alumina-zeolite nanostructures. For this, we studied the synthesis of nanoscale colloidal suspensions of zeolite NaY (20 nm) beta (30 nm), ZSM-5 (50 nm). Composite materials were then prepared either by direct synthesis in the presence of a support, or by contacting these colloidal suspensions (at appropriate pH conditions) with suspensions of boehmite (turning into γ-alumina by calcination). Zeolite-core@alumina-crown composite crown) were thus obtained. The platinum particles were thereafter selectively formed on the alumina or zeolite domains of these composites using the appropriate precursor of platinum in a suitable pH range (pH = 5-8). The thus-prepared catalysts were compared with other catalysts, for which the distance between the acid sites and the metal sites varies between nm and μm scales, to form a series of catalysts with variable acid-metal distances and accessibilities. Catalytic study concluded that improving accessibility to the active sites (Pt0 / Alumina-nanozéolithe) improves the selectivity to isomerization, while the distance plays an inhibitory role only when it reaches a scale of several microns
Gachard, Elisabeth. "Synthèse sous rayonnement gamma et caractérisation d'agrégats d'argent dans la zeolithe Y." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00150966.
Full textBorghèse, Sophie. "Toward green processes organic synthesis by catalysis with metal-doped solids." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAF008/document.
Full textNowadays, the modern chemical industry has to deal with increasing environmental concerns, including the disposal of waste and its economic impact, or the diminution of important worldwide resources such as transition metals. In this Ph.D. thesis, we aimed to bring improvement in this area by the development of green processes, based on the use of recyclable heterogeneous catalysts. By combining the catalytic properties of several metal cations with the properties of solid catalysts such as polyoxometalates or zeolites, we were able to set up new tools for organic synthesis. Silver-doped polyoxometalates proved to be very efficient catalysts in the rearrangement of alkynyloxiranes to furans. Acetals and spiroketals were synthetized by dihydroalkoxylation of alkynediols under catalysis with silver-zeolites. As a perspective, we highlighted the potential applications of such green procedures in the total synthesis of more complex molecules. The first results suggested that these environmental friendly processes should gain increasing interest in the future
Quezada, Maxwell Josias. "Hydrogénation catalytique de CO₂ en méthanol en lit fixe sous chauffage conventionnel et sous plasma à DBD ZSM-5 surface modification by plasma for catalytic activity improvement in the gas phase methanol-to-dimethylether reaction." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMIR12.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to contribute to the optimisation of the production of methanol by hydrogenation of CO₂ by synthesising new catalysts in the form of extrudates for industrial use. In this regard, six Cu-ZnO based catalysts supported on alumina and ZSM-5 were prepared and tested. At 36 bar and under conventional heating, the CuZnO/Al₂O₃ showed the best methanol yield. An industrial process based on this catalyst has been proposed and optimised. The influence of extracting water and methanol from the reaction medium using two reactors in series instead of one was investigated and it was found to increase methanol yield considerably. Tests at atmospheric pressure and under DBD plasma showed that the Cu/Al₂O₃ gives better CO₂ conversions, while the CuZnO/ZSM-5 showed better methanol yields. This was attributed to the ionic conductivity and the dielectric constant of the catalysts