Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Zéolites – Effets de la chaleur'
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Girodeau, Alexandre. "Effets biologiques et psychomoteurs de la deshydratation induite par la chaleur." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M144.
Full textBen, Chanaa M'Barek. "Comportement physicochimique d'hydrates salins et de zéolithes utilisables dans des échanges thermochimiques." Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOS018.
Full textEl, Eter Mohamad. "Synthèse, caractérisation et évaluation de nouveaux précurseurs azotés pour dépôt de films d'oxydes métalliques MO2 (M = Hf, Zr) par MOCVD à injection liquide." Lyon 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/37/62/76/PDF/Eleter.pdf.
Full textNew precursors for LI-MOCVD (Liquid Injection Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition) of Hf and Zr were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, NMR multi-nuclei, X-ray diffraction on monocrystal and TGA. The comparison of the thermal behaviours of various synthesized complexes made it possible to study the effect of various groups on their volatility and thermal stability. The mono-amidinates and -guanidinates appeared more volatile and less stable thermically than the di-amidinates and -guanidinates. The films of hafnium oxide deposited were characterized by XRD, XRR, ATR and XPS. The asymmetrical mono-guanidinates such as Hf(NEt2)3(iPr-Et2-tBu-GUA) and the asymmetrical diguanidinates such as Hf(NMe2)2(Et-Me2-tBu-GUA)2 are very promising for the deposit of HfO2 films. They allow the stabilization of a crystalline phase of HfO2 with a symmetry that is superior to the monoclinical phase at 580°C. Moreover, these precursors allow obtain nitrided films of HfO2 in absence of an additional stage of nitriding
Diboune, Mathieu. "Elaboration de peintures zéolithiques pour la décontamination moléculaire en orbite." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2021. https://www.learning-center.uha.fr/.
Full textThe phenomenon of on-orbit molecular contamination is one of the major issues encountered by the space industry. Indeed, when satellites are placed in orbit, organic molecules contained in coatings, adhesives or glues used in the conception of satellites can degas and thus form films or droplets by depositing themselves on sensitive surfaces such as optical and electronic instruments or thermal control surfaces. This contamination leads to a drastic decrease of on-board equipment performance. Hydrocarbons as well as plasticizers have been identified as major contaminants. Among several porous materials tested for the adsorption of these organic pollutants, zeolites were found to be the most efficient due to their ability to trap organic molecules at a very low concentration in space conditions. The synthesis of zeolites generally leads to powders that would themselves be a source of particulate contamination, therefore a shaping of these zeolites appears to be necessary. Pellets, beads and zeolite films were developed in previous projects, but these processes have some disadvantages such as the addition of additional equipment to insert pellets into the structure of satellites, poor mechanical properties of beads or the small quantity of zeolite involved in the case of films and the difficulty of applying them to large surfaces. That is why, zeolite coatings were selected because they can be applied directly to the internal surface of satellites. The main goal of this project is to develop zeolite coatings that adhere to the surface elements of satellites, that are mechanically stable (shocks and vibrations undergone by satellites, temperature gradients) and that can trap organic pollutants. FAU-type (hydrophilic) and MFI-type (hydrophobic)zeolites were used in combination with silicone resins as binders in order to develop zeolite coatings that can that can fulfill spatial requirements. These zeolite coatings showed good adhesion properties (adhesion note of 0 according the ISO 2409 standard) as well as good mechanical and thermal stability under conditions encountered in orbit. Zeolite coatings porosity remain mostly accessible despite the use of a binder and good n-hexane adsorption capacities were obtained. Different quantities of black pigment (bone char or carbon black) were also added to some zeolite coatings to develop black zeolite coatings with the aim of absorbing light in order to respond to another phenomenon responsible of optial equipment contamination: stray light
Paulaime, Anne-Margot. "Taille et agglomération des cristaux d'une zéolithe au cours de la synthèse : effets des paramètres expérimentaux et modélisation." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPL090N.
Full textZeolites are an important class of natural and synthetic solids. They are used for ion exchange and adsorption, but are also widely used as catalysts and catalyst supports for the petroleum industry. Ln sorne cases, obtaining the desired catalytic performance totally rely on the synthesis of zeolite crystals having an optimal size. Ln the actual state of art, nucleation and growth of zeolite crystals are relatively well known. The initial gel, obtained by mixing of a sodium aluminate solution, an organic compound and a silicium source, is made of an amorphous solid phase and a liquid phase. However, there are in the literature few mentions about the two levels agglomeration process taking place in sorne zeolites crystallizations. The aim of this thesis is to study the hydrothermal synthesis of a specifie zeolite in order to control the sizes of crystals and their agglomeration degrees during synthesis. A methodology using XRD, SEM, AAS and PSA has then been elaborated to follow the synthesis and the evolution of those characteristics during synthesis. Once the physico-chemical and hydrodynarnic parameters (alkalinity, dilution, synthesis temperature, gel ageing, stirring speed and suspension volume) able to influence those features deterrnined, the method described above allowed the study of the influence of those parameters on the synthesis and on the various entities forrning zeolite crystals. A predictive model of sizes and agglomeration degrees, based on operating conditions, with respect to thermodynamics, kinetics and hydrodynarnics, has been elaborated. An investigative study of the influence of ultrasounds on zeolite synthesis has also been performed
Sommet, Agnès. "Médicaments et vague de chaleur : approche pharmacoépidémiologique." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/592/.
Full textAn exceptional heat wave occurred during august 2003 in France, leading to more than 14,800 deaths estimated. We characterized all 'serious' adverse drug reactions (ADR) occurred in patients older than 70 years between 1st July and 31st August 2003, recorded in the French PharmacoVigilance Database, and related to excessive heat (n=68). The most frequently ADRs were metabolic. Drugs more frequently involved were diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and antidepressants. During another summer with a heat wave in 2006, diuretics were more frequently involved, whereas the number of ADRs was similar. In 2007, we performed a multicentric case-control study in 3 university hospitals in France, to compare drugs taken by patients hospitalized for a 'serious' hyperthermia and/or dehydratation with controls. Cases took more drugs than controls (4. 3 vs 3. 9; p<0. 001), particularly neuroleptic drugs (3. 6% vs 0. 5%; p=0. 007), and presented more severe renal impairment. This pilot work could allow improving methodology of further studies on drugs during heat waves
Karagiorgas, Michaelis. "Etude du comportement dynamique d'une pompe a chaleur a adsorption solide couplée a des sources extérieures de chaleur de capacité finie via des conductances finies : modélisation et expériences." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA077131.
Full textGrech-Angelini, Sébastien Jacquiet Philippe. "Effets de la déshydratation sur le métabolisme énergétique et sur l'état corporel du dromadaire, camelus dromedarius." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/1790/1/debouch_1790.pdf.
Full textEnel, Laurent. "Conception et exploitation de radiomètres microondes multisondes : contribution à l'étude de faisabilité d'un scanner par T.M.O." Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10082.
Full textDespretz, David. "Modélisation et caractérisation électromagnétiques et thermiques de nouveaux applicateurs en structure filaire pour hypothermie micro-onde contrôlée par radiométrie micro-onde : application en cancérologie et urologie." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10119.
Full textSozanski, Jean-Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude et à la réalisation d'un nouveau dispositif radiométrique micro-onde à deux références internes de température : application à l'hyperthermie-thermothérapie micro-onde." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10171.
Full textLumingu, Huguette Mena Mbote. "L'astreinte thermique de la fenaison chez des jeunes travailleurs agricoles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21114.
Full textBdéoui, Fahed. "Effets du rayonnement des gaz sur certaines instabilités thermoconvectives." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ECAP0554.
Full textAbdelaziz, Fadila. "Contribution à l'étude de la convection dans les faisceaux tubulaires : effets de l'orientation des tubes et de la génération de bulles en paroi." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10459.
Full textDebab, Abdelkader. "Effets de l'agitation sur les transferts thermiques par double enveloppe dans une cuve agitée." Toulouse, INPT, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPT003G.
Full textBilla, Renan. "Sur le comportement de deux aciers inoxydables austénitiques (17-12 SPH ET AMCR 0033) aux températures intermédiaires : Mise en évidence des interactions dislocations-configurations de defauts ponctuels : Propositions pour une formulation anisotherme." Besançon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BESA2025.
Full textLohr, Christophe. "Modélisation et optimisation d'un applicateur cylindrique à ondes progressives fortement dissipatif : rétroaction thermique et analyse en mode propre : cas de l'eau et de l'éthanol." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS030.
Full textThe aim is the identification of the modes TE, TM, HEM which appear within a cylindrical waveguide loaded axially with ethanol or water rod. The strong thermal dependency of the dielectric properties results in thermal trajectories in complex plane a-b which looks like loops. Coupling of modes is induced by distortion of thermal trajectories due to heating. The coupling between thermal and electromagnetic processes illustrates effects of thermal change of dielectric losses upon heating dynamic. In spite of dielectric losses of water which decrease continuously with the temperature, an inflexion point on the heating curves is observed. The electric field focusing effect within the dielectric rod makes up the strong decrease of dielectric losses of water (capacity to convert electromagnetic energy into heat at 2. 45 Ghz). These thermal runaways are interpreted in term of jump between two stable branches (bistability)
Pierrot, André. "Contribution a l'étude des transferts de chaleur à haute température dans les milieux alvéolaires." Perpignan, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PERP0032.
Full textMartin-Biegalke, Catherine. "Dégradation par l'eau et la chaleur des résines urée-formol." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10187.
Full textPeillex-Tran, Anh Van. "Contribution à l'étude des interactions micro-ondes-matière condensée : application à quelques exemples de la chimie organique." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10235.
Full textAmokrane, Nabil. "Comportement thermoanalytique et mécanique du silicate de calcium hydrate en fonction de ses conditions de formation." Lyon, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAL0054.
Full textThe aim of this work was to establish correlations between the development of mechanical compressive strength Rc and both the amount and the nature of hydrated calcium silicates (C-S-H) formed during hydraulic set of Pure Ordinary Portland Cement (O. P. C. ) or of reactive phases added with O. P. C. Or lime. The C-S-H contents were determined by D. T. A. , while the nature of the hydrate were determined by X-Ray diffraction. Experimentation has shown that this objective could not be reached if the samples were dried, at 50°C before A. T. D. Tests. This limit temperature affects very sensitively the thermat stability of C-S-H compounds whatever was the system investigated. A correlation was possibly obtained only in the case of the simplest system, "silica fume - lime", when samples were dried at 25° C. However, this work has allowed to obtain new informations about C-S-H formation kinetics and about the improving of O. P. C. Strengths by addition of some reactive phases
Duveau, Venceslas. "Nouveau modèle de tolérance épileptique par préconditionnement hyperthermique : mise au point et étude du rôle de la PSA-NCAM." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21286.
Full textA substantial number of data highlights the "brain tolerance" phenomenon as an outstanding window for investigating endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms. In the first part of this dissertation we show, both in vitro and in vivo, that kainate-induced cell damage in the hippocampus is reduced 1 to 10 days after exposure to heat shock. This neuroprotective effect is also accompanied by a weak anticonvulsant effect. In the second part we show that hyperthermia upregulates PCA-NCAM expression in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Blockade of heat shock-induced HSP70 expression by quercetin significantly prevents upregulation of PSA, whereas triggering HSP70 expression by linolenic acid also upregulates PSA. Interestingly, we show that the heat-shock induced neuroprotection was abrogated when PSA was removed from NCAM using an enzymatic process. Upregulation of PSA-NCAM expression following hyperthermia may have significant impact on hippocampal plasticity
Prana, Vinca. "Approches structure-propriété pour la prédiction des propriétés physico-chimiques des substances chimiques." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066304.
Full textThe EU regulation REACH requires, before 2018, the evaluation of toxicological, eco-toxicological and physico-chemical properties of substances produced or imported for more than one ton per year in Europe. Taking into account the number of substances and properties the measurement of all the data is not realistic. Thus, the development of alternative predictive methods for the evaluation of the properties of substances was recommended. The objective of this thesis, integrated in the French PREDIMOL project, was the development of predictive QSPR models (Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship) of the characterization of physico-chemical properties of organic peroxides. An experimental database relative to the explosive properties of about a hundred organic peroxides was identified but the variations in terms of concentration and diluents did not allow the development of validated QSPR models. From the building of a reliable and homogeneous experimental database of 38 organic peroxides, the first validated multi-linear QSPR models according to the OECD principles for the validation of QSAR/QSPR models were developed for the prediction of the heat and the temperature of decomposition. Several training sets, obtained by different ways (property range or principal components analysis) and also various types of descriptors (constitutional, topological, geometrical or quantum chemical) were used for the development of the QSPR models. Models were also developed for the density and the flash point
Ftaiti, Foued. "Contribution à l'étude de l'hyperthermie lors d'une course prolongée." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX22081.
Full textJoffrey, Philippe de. "Compensation en température de la fréquence d'un oscillateur à quartz par module intégré de calcul analogique." Besançon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BESA2009.
Full textFromentin, Emmanuelle. "Acétylation du 2-méthoxynaphtalène et réactions apparentées sur catalyseurs zéolithiques." Poitiers, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000POIT2277.
Full textMichaut, Chloé. "Nouveaux effets thermiques transitoires en Géologie : des continents aux systèmes volcaniques." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GLOB0001.
Full textDebard, Virginie. "Les mécanismes de la vulnérabilité à la chaleur : implication des stress systémique et cellulaire." Lyon 1, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/20/37/25/PDF/these_definitif_corrigee.pdf.
Full textHeat stroke is a serious illness without specific treatment. Heat stroked animals exhibit inflammatory processes accompanied by metabolic imbalance. These impairments take place despite of heat shock proteins (Hsp70) induction and glucocorticoid secretion. The role of Hsp70 mRNA and glucocorticoids in heat tolerance has been analyzed. Vigil animals intolerant to heat present: severe hyperthermia and dehydration, metabolic imbalance, lesser glucocorticoid production, signs of cellular hyperactivation and aggression, activation of inflammatory processes. The Hsp70 mRNA expression depends on the intensity of the stressor and appears, in the chain of causality, as a consequence of the heat aggression. Glucocorticoids are involved in tolerance by reducing local inflammatory processes and favouring the expression of the inhibitory factor κBα (IκBα) mRNA
Vrana, Joelle. "Evaluation de l'hyperthermie localisée autour de la trace d'un laser chirurgical CO2 à l'aide du modèle biologique de la lignée cellulaire V79." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30189.
Full textAndrade, Molenda Carlos Henrique de. "Influence des effets d'hysteresis sur les phénomènes de transferts couplés de chaleur et masse en milieux poreux." Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT066H.
Full textMatine, Abdelghani. "Homogénéisation des transferts thermiques par développements asymptotiques dans des structures composites avec prise en compte des effets de bord." Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECDN0008.
Full textThis work deals with the homogenization of heat transfer by conduction in heterogeneous and multiscale materials as fibre reinforced composites with a polymer matrix. Among various existing methods, we are interested in the asymptotic expansions. It allows the determination of the effective conductivity tensor by solving a problem on the periodic cell characterizing the structure. Heat transfer problem is then modeled ona macroscopic scale with the homogenized behavior. The method can be extended to non-periodic case if a REV (Representative Elementary Volume) was determined. This provides a good approximation of the field heat flux and temperature inside the structure (far enough from the boundaries). However, edge effects exist close the boundaries of the studied domain, which degrades the quality of the approximation. To correct them, two approaches have been developed. The first one consists in adding "boundary layer " terms, which tend to zero as the distance from the boundaries increases. The depth of the affected area is determined by solving an eigenvalue problem. The second approach (Arlequin Method) allows for the capture the edge effects, connecting the heterogeneous model on the boundaries with the homogenized model over the whole structure. The periodic homogenization method was developed in stationary and transient regime and is then applied to the simulation of the "flash method" to illustrate the bias in the estimation of parameters when edge effects are neglected
Variot, Bruno. "Modélisation des transferts de chaleur par rayonnement dans les systèmes gaz-solide à haute température." Perpignan, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PERP0165.
Full textBizri, Mohamed. "Effets de la température d'acclimatation sur la GDP-mannose ; Dolichylphosphate mannosyltransférase des microsomes de foie de truite : distribution et détermination des dolichols dans le foie de truite et de rat." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO19005.
Full textRenaud, Thierry. "Mesure et modélisation de la conductivité et de la diffusivité thermiques des produits alimentaires congelés et non congelés." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10246.
Full textTalbi, Ilhem. "Amélioration, modélisation d'un calorimètre et mesure de la capacité thermique massique de gels de gélatine en congélation et en décongélation." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10300.
Full textDe, Zwart Jacobus Adrianus. "Fast magnetic resonance temperature imaging for control of localized hyperthermia in medicine." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR28713.
Full textJoyeux-Faure, Marie. "Heat stress and myocardial protection." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE18004.
Full textMalakooti, Hossein. "Meteorology and air-quality in a mega-city : application to Tehran, Iran." Marne-la-Vallée, ENPC, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENPC1001.
Full textPadilha, José Carlos Fiad. "Influence de la chaleur sur le métabolisme énergétique et sa régulation chez les poulets en croissance." Tours, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUR4023.
Full textOuellet, Véronique, and Véronique Ouellet. "Le stress de chaleur chez la vache laitière : effets sur les performances de production des troupeaux laitiers québécois." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37553.
Full textL’objectif des travaux effectués dans le cadre de cette thèse étaient de fournir de l’information concernant les impacts du stress de chaleur dans les troupeaux laitiers québécois. Le programme de recherche présenté a été conçu en prenant en considération le climat de la province et l’unicité du contexte de production canadien. La relation entre les conditions climatiques mesurées dans six étables laitières québécoises et celles mesurées à des stations météorologiques a d’abord été investiguée. L’objectif était de vérifier si les données collectées aux stations météorologiques pouvaient servir de substitut aux données des étables afin de juger adéquatement du niveau de stress de chaleur des animaux. Les résultats ont démontré que la température ambiante mesurée à l’intérieur des étables était significativement (P < 0,001) plus élevée que celle mesurée aux stations météorologiques alors que le contraire a été observé pour l’humidité relative. Ultimement, cela s’est traduit par un indice de température-humidité (ITH) significativement moins élevé de 4,6 unités dans l’Est du Québec et de 3,7 unités dans le Sud-Ouest du Québec lorsque les données des stations météorologiques sont utilisées au lieu des données des étables dans les calculs d’ITH. Finalement, l’adaptation du calcul d’ITH en substituant les conditions moyennes des stations météorologiques par la température maximale et l’humidité relative minimale a permis une meilleure représentation des conditions de l’étable. Néanmoins, une différence significative (P < 0,05) a été mesurée entre l’ITH modifié et l’ITH de l’étable. À la lumière de ces résultats, il est recommandé d’adapter les seuils d’ITH associés aux impacts négatifs du stress de chaleur lorsque les données environnementales dérivées des stations météorologiques sont utilisées. Dans le deuxième projet, la relation entre les performances de production et la durée des épidoes de stress de chaleur a été caractérisée grâce à un modèle multivarié. Pour ce faire, une banque de données incluant plus de 600 000 contrôles de production de 34 360 vaches a été utilisée et bonifiée de données environnementales exprimées sous forme d’ITH estimé à partir de la station météorolgique la plus près. Tout d’abord, les régressions linéaires effectuées ont révélé qu’il existe un délai de 24 heures entre un stress de chaleur et les impacts négatifs qui lui sont associés. Les résultats ont aussi suggéré que le stress de chaleur avait un effet persistent de huit jours sur les performances de production. Des pertes de production de 20 g de gras suite à une exposition d’un à deux jours de stress de chaleur et des pertes de protéines variant de 20 à 30 g selon la parité de l’animal ont été mesurées après trois ou quatre jours de stress de chaleur. Toutefois, aucune relation (P > 0,05) n’a été mesurée entre les productions de lait et de lactose et la durée des épisodes de stress de chaleur. Dans la troisième étude, les performances de production des vaches de la banque de données décrite précédemment ont été simulées pendant une période de référence (REF : 1971‒2000) et projetées pendant deux horizons futurs (FUT1: 2020‒2049; FL: 2050‒2079). L’objectif était de caractériser l’évolution des diminutions des composants laitiers associées au stress de chaleur et d’en chiffrer l’impact économique. Tout d’abord, les ITH quotidiens des trois périodes temporelles ont été calculés grâce aux données environnementales dérivées de six scénarios climatiques. Ensuite, le modèle élaboré dans la précédente étude a été adapté afin de projeter les performances de production des vaches pour les trois périodes mentionnées. Globalement, les scénarios climatiques utilisés dans cette étude ont démontré que la fréquence, l’intensité ainsi que la durée des épisodes de stress de chaleur pourront augmenter dans le FUT1 et dans le FL comparativement à la période de référence. Dans la région de l’Est du Québec, des pertes moyennes de gras et de protéines de 2405 ± 10 et de 1990 ± 7 kg/année par troupeau ont respectivement été projetées dans le FUT1 comparativement à REF. Dans la région du Sud-Ouest du Québec, des pertes moyennes de gras et de protéines de 2361 ± 147 et de 2057 ± 17 kg/année par troupeau ont respectivement été projetées dans le FUT1 comparativement à REF. Comparativement à REF, les diminutions projetées dans le futur (FUT1 et FL) se sont traduites par des pertes économiques moyennes allant de 5,02 à 7,07 can$/hl dans les troupeaux de l’Est du Québec et allant de 4,75 à 6,99 can$/hl dans les troupeaux du Sud-Ouest du Québec.
The main objective of this thesis was to provide information about heat stress related production impacts in Québec dairy herds. The relationship between on-farm summer environmental conditions and data retrieved from local meteorological stations was first investigated on six dairy farms. Secondly, the relationship between measurements previously established was considered in order to verify if temperature-humidity index (THI) calculations with weather station data could be adapted to better represent on-farm conditions. The farms recruited in the study were located in two contrasting dairy regions of the Province: East (EQ) and Southwest Quebec (SWQ). Our results showed that in both regions ambient temperature (AT) was consistently higher (P < 0.001) on-farm compared to AT measured at the weather station. The opposite was observed with relative humidity (RH), as it was significantly lower on-farm in EQ and numerically (P > 0.05) lower in SWQ compared to RH extracted from weather stations. Overall, this led to lower (P < 0.001) THI by 4.6 and 3.7 units at the weather stations compared to within-barn conditions for EQ and SWQ farms, respectively. Hence, using local meteorological station data to estimate on-farm conditions would lead to an underestimation of heat stress level in dairy cows. Adapting THI calculations by including daily maximum AT, and minimum RH retrieved from local weather station instead of their average counterparts led to a better estimation of within-barn conditions. However, difference between THI measured on-farm compared to the adapted THI calculated with weather station data remained significant. Although the adaption allowed for a closer relation to on-farm conditions, THI calculated with weather station data should only be used to gauge heat stress level in cows when heat stress thresholds are adapted for such data. In a second study, the relationship between milk performance and the cumulative number of days with heat stress was investigated with a multivariate model. A 6-year dataset containing 606,031 milk analysis records for 34,360 Holstein dairy cows at different parities was matched with the corresponding daily maximum THI. On average, cows were exposed to heat stress conditions for 135.8 ± 5.9 days per year in SWQ and 95.3 ± 10.2 days per year in EQ. Cows experiencing heat-stress conditions produced on average less fat, protein, and energy-corrected milk and lower fat and protein concentrations (P < 0.05). The decrease in milk fat reached a maximum of 6 % after an exposure of 7 to 8 heat stress days in cows at parity of three or more. The association between heat stress exposition duration and milk and lactose yields was weak (P > 0.05). Ultimately, heat stress lowered milk fat and protein production but had little effect on milk volume output. Further research is necessary to understand better the mechanism underlying the effects of sporadic low-to-medium-intensity heat stress on dairy productivity. The objective of the third study was to project milk performance of Holstein dairy cows under different climate scenarios through a reference period (REF: 1971–2000), near future (NF: 2020–2049) and distant future (DF: 2050–2079) using a predictive multivariate model. Moreover, this study provided information about the evolution of economic losses due to decreases in milk components associated with heat stress in Québec, Canada. Daily ambient temperature and relative humidity were derived from six climate scenarios in order to calculate daily THI through REF, NF and DF. Secondly, the model developed in the prior study was adapted to project annual milk performance of 71 dairy herds located in EQ and SWQ during the three aforementioned time horizons. Under NF climate conditions and relative to the reference period, projected fat and protein yields declined respectively by 2405 ± 10 and by 1990 ± 7 kg/yr per herd in EQ whereas decreases reached 2361 ± 147 and 2057 ± 17 kg/yr per herd in SWQ. Relative to the reference period, decreases in major milk components reached a maximum during DF in both regions. Ultimately, projected milk components declines resulted in average economic losses ranging from 5.02 to 7.07 can$/hL per EQ herds and from 4.75 to 6.99 can$/hL per SWQ herds.
The main objective of this thesis was to provide information about heat stress related production impacts in Québec dairy herds. The relationship between on-farm summer environmental conditions and data retrieved from local meteorological stations was first investigated on six dairy farms. Secondly, the relationship between measurements previously established was considered in order to verify if temperature-humidity index (THI) calculations with weather station data could be adapted to better represent on-farm conditions. The farms recruited in the study were located in two contrasting dairy regions of the Province: East (EQ) and Southwest Quebec (SWQ). Our results showed that in both regions ambient temperature (AT) was consistently higher (P < 0.001) on-farm compared to AT measured at the weather station. The opposite was observed with relative humidity (RH), as it was significantly lower on-farm in EQ and numerically (P > 0.05) lower in SWQ compared to RH extracted from weather stations. Overall, this led to lower (P < 0.001) THI by 4.6 and 3.7 units at the weather stations compared to within-barn conditions for EQ and SWQ farms, respectively. Hence, using local meteorological station data to estimate on-farm conditions would lead to an underestimation of heat stress level in dairy cows. Adapting THI calculations by including daily maximum AT, and minimum RH retrieved from local weather station instead of their average counterparts led to a better estimation of within-barn conditions. However, difference between THI measured on-farm compared to the adapted THI calculated with weather station data remained significant. Although the adaption allowed for a closer relation to on-farm conditions, THI calculated with weather station data should only be used to gauge heat stress level in cows when heat stress thresholds are adapted for such data. In a second study, the relationship between milk performance and the cumulative number of days with heat stress was investigated with a multivariate model. A 6-year dataset containing 606,031 milk analysis records for 34,360 Holstein dairy cows at different parities was matched with the corresponding daily maximum THI. On average, cows were exposed to heat stress conditions for 135.8 ± 5.9 days per year in SWQ and 95.3 ± 10.2 days per year in EQ. Cows experiencing heat-stress conditions produced on average less fat, protein, and energy-corrected milk and lower fat and protein concentrations (P < 0.05). The decrease in milk fat reached a maximum of 6 % after an exposure of 7 to 8 heat stress days in cows at parity of three or more. The association between heat stress exposition duration and milk and lactose yields was weak (P > 0.05). Ultimately, heat stress lowered milk fat and protein production but had little effect on milk volume output. Further research is necessary to understand better the mechanism underlying the effects of sporadic low-to-medium-intensity heat stress on dairy productivity. The objective of the third study was to project milk performance of Holstein dairy cows under different climate scenarios through a reference period (REF: 1971–2000), near future (NF: 2020–2049) and distant future (DF: 2050–2079) using a predictive multivariate model. Moreover, this study provided information about the evolution of economic losses due to decreases in milk components associated with heat stress in Québec, Canada. Daily ambient temperature and relative humidity were derived from six climate scenarios in order to calculate daily THI through REF, NF and DF. Secondly, the model developed in the prior study was adapted to project annual milk performance of 71 dairy herds located in EQ and SWQ during the three aforementioned time horizons. Under NF climate conditions and relative to the reference period, projected fat and protein yields declined respectively by 2405 ± 10 and by 1990 ± 7 kg/yr per herd in EQ whereas decreases reached 2361 ± 147 and 2057 ± 17 kg/yr per herd in SWQ. Relative to the reference period, decreases in major milk components reached a maximum during DF in both regions. Ultimately, projected milk components declines resulted in average economic losses ranging from 5.02 to 7.07 can$/hL per EQ herds and from 4.75 to 6.99 can$/hL per SWQ herds.
Reynard-Carette, Christelle. "Etude expérimentale de la convection thermocapillaire autour d'une bulle par méthodes optiques et thermiques : influence de la gravité sur les régimes d'écoulement et les transferts de chaleur." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11056.
Full textSolal, Daniel. "Étude et réalisation d'un réflectomètre asservi en puissance pour le contrôle des séances d'hyperthermie radiofréquence." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120033.
Full textArnaud, Claire. "Préconditionnement hyperthermique : mécanismes de la cardioprotection." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE18003.
Full textHannat, Ridha. "Étude numérique des effets de la compressibilité sur le transfert de chaleur dans un système antigivre à air chaud." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2009. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/54/1/HANNAT_ridha.pdf.
Full textPham, Quynh trang. "Transferts de chaleur et de masse dans un bain liquide avec fusion de la paroi et effets de composition." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961183.
Full textPham, Quynh Trang. "Transferts de chaleur et de masse dans un bain liquide avec fusion de la paroi et effets de composition." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENI007/document.
Full textThis work deals with the thermal-hydraulics of a melt pool coupled with the physical chemistry for thepurpose of describing the behaviour of mixtures of materials (non-eutectic).Evolution of transient temperature in a liquid melt pool heated by volumetric power dissipation hasbeen described with solidification on the cooled wall. The model has been developed and is validatedfor the experimental results given by LIVE experiment, performed at Karlsruhe Institute ofTechnology (KIT) in Germany. Under the conditions of these tests, it is shown that the interfacetemperature follows the liquidus temperature (corresponding to the composition of the liquid bath)during the whole transient. Assumption of interface temperature as liquidus temperature allowsrecalculating the evolution of the maximum melt temperature as well as the local crust thickness.Furthermore, we propose a model for describing the interaction between a non-eutectic liquid meltpool (subjected to volumetric power dissipation) and an ablated wall whose melting point is below theliquidus temperature of the melt. The model predictions are compared with results of ARTEMIS 2Dtests. A new formulation of the interface temperature between the liquid melt and the solid wall(below liquidus temperature) has been proposed
La, Chapelle Virginie de. "Etude du jaunissement à la chaleur des pâtes papetières chimiques blanchies par des séquences sans chlore." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0155.
Full textBilliard, Nicolas. "Interactions entre rangées d'aubes et effets de Clocking dans un étage et demi de turbine." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2006. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/nbilliard.pdf.
Full textThe present research, mostly experimental, consists in investigating and analyzing the aerodynamic and heat transfer in a one and half stage turbine. The turbine is tested under engine representative Reynolds number (106), Mach number (0. 9), gas to wall temperature ratio (1. 5) and gas to coolant temperature ratio (2. 1). Pressure and heat flux measurements were performed in order to obtain both steady and unsteady components of the flow field. Previous investigations focused on the interaction between the inlet guide vane and the rotor of the high-pressure stage. The current work highlights the interaction between the high-pressure stage and the second stator by characterizing clocking effects. The findings of this study may be used by designers to optimiste the position of the second stator in terms of effieciency, blade force fluctuations or heat load minimization
Diaz, Hervé. "Etude holographique des instabilités critiques et bifurcations dans des fluides soumis à un gradient thermique." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10250.
Full textDemers, Maxime. "La perte de chaleur par les pieds chez un oiseau palmé : étude par modélisation mécanique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25935/25935.pdf.
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