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1
Ahmad, Ayaz, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz, and Zhenli He. "Effects of Zeolitic Urea on Nitrogen Leaching (NH4-N and NO3-N) and Volatilization (NH3) in Spodosols and Alfisols." Water 13, no. 14 (July 12, 2021): 1921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13141921.
Abstract:
Global use of urea nitrogen (N) fertilizer is increasing, but N losses are still very high (40–70%). Zeolites have the capability of holding NH4+, thus reducing N losses when applied as a soil amendment. However, application of a large quantity of zeolite is costly and inconvenient. In this study, zeolitic fertilizers were evaluated to select the best formulation with reduced leaching of NH4-N and NO3-N and NH3 volatilization in agricultural soils (Alfisol and Spodosol). The treatments included the following: T0 = control, T1 = urea fertilizer, T2 = zeo-urea (1:1), T3 = zeo-urea (2:1), T4 = zeo-urea (3:1), T5 = zeo-urea (1:2), and T6 = zeo-urea (1:3). Leaching was performed at 4, 8, 12, 19, 25, 32, 39 and 45 days after the soils were treated with the designated fertilizers, including control, and packed into columns. Leachate samples were collected after each leaching event and analyzed for the concentrations of NH4-N and NO3-N and the quantity of leachate. Ammonia volatilization was recorded at days 1, 5, 9, 13 and 20 of soil treatments. Results indicate that zeolitic fertilizer formulations effectively reduced N losses. NH4-N loss was reduced by 13% and 28% by zeo-urea (1:1) in Alfisol and Spodosol soils, respectively, whereas zeo-urea (2:1) and zeo-urea (3:1) effectively decreased NO3-N leaching in Alfisol. Volatilization loss of NH3 was reduced by 47% in Spodosol and 32% in Alfisol soil with zeo-urea (1:1) as compared with that of urea fertilizer. The results suggest that zeo-urea (1:1) is an effective fertilizer formulation for reducing N losses, especially in Alfisol, as compared with conventional urea fertilizer.
2
Altowyan, Abeer S., Mohamed Shaban, Zeinab M. Faidey, Khaled Abdelkarem, Mawaheb Al-Dossari, N. S. Abd El-Gawaad, and Mohamed G. M. Kordy. "Design and Characterization of Zeolite/Serpentine Nanocomposite Photocatalyst for Solar Hydrogen Generation." Materials 15, no. 18 (September 12, 2022): 6325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15186325.
Abstract:
In this work, a low-cost, high-yield hydrothermal treatment was used to produce nanozeolite (Zeo), nanoserpentine (Serp), and Zeo/Serp nanocomposites with weight ratios of 1:1 and 2:1. At 250 °C for six hours, the hydrothermal treatment was conducted. Various methods are used to explore the morphologies, structures, compositions, and optical characteristics of the generated nanostructures. The morphological study revealed structures made of nanofibers, nanorods, and hybrid nanofibril/nanorods. The structural study showed clinoptilolite monoclinic zeolite and antigorite monoclinic serpentine with traces of talcum mineral and carbonates. As a novel photoelectrochemical catalyst, the performance of the Zeo/Serp (2:1) composite was evaluated for solar hydrogen generation from water splitting relative to its constituents. At −1 V, the Zeo/Serp (2:1) composite produced a maximum current density of 8.44 mA/g versus 7.01, 6.74, and 6.6 mA/g for hydrothermally treated Zeo/Serp (1:1), Zeo, and Serp, respectively. The Zeo/Serp (2:1) photocatalysts had a solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency (STH) of 6.5% and an estimated hydrogen output rate of 14.43 mmole/h.g. Consequently, the current research paved the way for low-cost photoelectrochemical catalytic material for efficient solar hydrogen production by water splitting.
3
Mora Izaguirre, María Ofelia, Katrin Quester, Vitalii Petranovski, Laura González Dávalos, Enrique Piña Garza, Armando Shimada Miyasaka, and Rafael Vázquez-Duhalt. "Efecto de la zeolita nanoestructurada con ácido lipoico sobre los parámetros productivos y rendimiento de la canal en el pollo de engorda." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v9i2.4315.
Abstract:
Los antioxidantes se emplean rutinariamente como aditivos alimenticios en la producción de pollos de engorda. Entre ellos destaca el ácido alfa lipoico (AAL), ya que su adición en la dieta (40 mg kg-1) mejora la ganancia de peso y la conversión alimenticia. Dado el alto precio del AAL, el objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar el uso al combinarlo con nanoestructuras, las cuales pudieran conferirle ventajas de asimilación y por consiguiente, abatir costos de producción por concepto de alimentación. Para ello el AAL se inmovilizó con zeolita nanoestructurada tipo mordenita (Zeo) y se compararon sus efectos con las del AAL libre. La capacidad antioxidante del complejo (Zeo-AAL) es menor que la del compuesto libre, aun así, Zeo-AAL muestra una capacidad antioxidante importante. El AAL se libera mejor del complejo Zeo-AAL si éste se coloca en un ambiente simulando las condiciones del tubo digestivo, en comparación con su liberación en un ambiente sanguíneo. En la dieta de los pollos se evaluó el efecto del AAL libre (40 mg kg-1) comparativamente con los del Zeo-AAL (0, 10 y 40 mg kg-1), sobre las variables productivas y el rendimiento de la canal. El AAL nanoestructurado con Zeo no representó ninguna ventaja sobre el AAL libre (P>0.10), por lo que deberán de seguirse buscando estrategias con otras nanopartículas o compuestos nanoestructurados que permitan en un futuro bajar el costo en el uso del AAL sin disminuir sus beneficios probados.
4
López, Sandra, Alejandro Tapia, Julio Zygadlo, Raúl Stariolo, Gustavo A. Abraham, and Pablo R. Cortez Tornello. "Zuccagnia punctata Cav. Essential Oil into Poly(ε-caprolactone) Matrices as a Sustainable and Environmentally Friendly Strategy Biorepellent against Triatoma infestans (Klug) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae)." Molecules 26, no. 13 (July 2, 2021): 4056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26134056.
Abstract:
The main strategies against Triatoma infestans (primary vector responsible for the Chagas disease transmission) are the elimination or reduction of its abundance in homes through the application of insecticides or repellents with residual power, and environmental management through the improvement of housing. The use of plant-derived compounds as a source of therapeutic agents (i.e., essential oils from aromatic plants and their components) is a valuable alternative to conventional insecticides and repellents. Essential oil-based insect repellents are environmentally friendly and provide reliable personal protection against the bites of mosquitoes and other blood-sucking insects. This study investigates, for the first time to our knowledge, the potential repellent activity of Zuccagnia punctata essential oil (ZEO) and poly(ε-caprolactone) matrices loaded with ZEO (ZEOP) prepared by solvent casting. The analysis of its essential oil from aerial parts by GC–FID and GC-MS, MS allowed the identification of 25 constituents representing 99.5% of the composition. The main components of the oil were identified as (−)-5,6-dehydrocamphor (62.4%), alpha-pinene (9.1%), thuja-2, 4 (10)-diene (4.6%) and dihydroeugenol (4.5%). ZEOP matrices were homogeneous and opaque, with thickness of 800 ± 140 µm and encapsulation efficiency values above 98%. ZEO and ZEOP at the lowest dose (0.5% wt./wt., 96 h) showed a repellency of 33 and 73% respectively, while at the highest dose (1% wt./wt., 96 h) exhibited a repellent activity of 40 and 66 %, respectively. On the other hand, until 72 h, ZEO showed a strong repellent activity against T. infestans (88% repellency average; Class V) to both concentrations, compared with positive control N-N diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET). The essential oils from the Andean flora have shown an excellent repellent activity, highlighting the repellent activity of Zuccagnia punctata. The effectiveness of ZEO was extended by its incorporation in polymeric systems and could have a potential home or peridomiciliary use, which might help prevent, or at least reduce, Chagas’ disease transmission.
5
Gohargani, Maryam, Hannan Lashkari, and Alireza Shirazinejad. "Study on Biodegradable Chitosan-Whey Protein-Based Film Containing Bionanocomposite TiO2 and Zataria multiflora Essential Oil." Journal of Food Quality 2020 (September 15, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8844167.
Abstract:
In our research, a composite film of whey protein isolate (WPI)/chitosan incorporated with TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and essential oil of Zataria multiflora (ZEO) was developed. The resulting composite films were evaluated by FTIR, SEM, and XRD, and also the physicochemical characteristics including color, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, and water vapor permeability (WVP) were studied. SEM graphs exhibited that the samples had a uniform and homogeneous structure where TiO2 NPs and ZEO were well dispersed. FTIR and XRD findings also show that the hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions are the main interactions between the composite WPI/chitosan and TiO2. The crystalline nature of the composite samples increased with the increase of NP content. Nevertheless, ZEO had an insignificant effect on the functional groups and the crystallinity of composite samples. The film visual characterization revealed that, by adding and increasing the TiO2 and TiO2-ZEO, sample lightness and opacity significantly increased. Additions of TiO2 remarkably (p<0.05) improved the water vapor and mechanical properties of composite samples, although the loading of ZEO, regardless of TiO2 incorporation, led to a considerable decrement of these properties. Furthermore, composite films containing ZEO combined with 2% of TiO2 compared with 1% of NPs blended with ZEO had strong antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes. Generally, the findings proposed that the addition of TiO2 reinforces the properties of composite films with a synergistic effect of ZEO loading on the antibacterial ability, by which the resulting biodegradable composite samples can be used as a food active packaging material.
6
Alhogbi, Basma G., and Ghadeer S. Al Balawi. "An Investigation of a Natural Biosorbent for Removing Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solution." Molecules 28, no. 6 (March 20, 2023): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062785.
Abstract:
T he current study reports the use of zeolite prepared from a kaolin composite via physical mixing with different ratios from fiber of palm tree (Zeo-FPT) as a sustainable solid sorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions. The prepared biosorbent was fully characterized using XRD, TGA, SEM, and FTIR. The impacts of various analytical parameters, for example, contact time, dosage, MB dye concentration, and the pH of the solution, on the dye adsorption process were determined. After a contact time of 40 min, the capacity to remove MB dye was 0.438 mg g−1 at a Zeo-FPT composition ratio of 1F:1Z. At pH 8, Zeo-FPT (1F:1Z) had a removal efficiency of 87% at a sorbent dosage of 0.5 g for a concentration of MB dye in an aqueous phase of 10 mg L−1. The experimental data were also analyzed using the kinetic and adsorption isotherm models. The retention process fitted well with the pseudo-second-order model (R2 0.998), where the Qe,calc of 0.353 mg g−1 was in acceptable agreement with the Qe,exp of 0.438 mg g−1. The data also fitted well with the Freundlich isotherm model, as indicated by the correlation coefficient value (R2 0.969). The Zeo-FPT attained a high percentage (99%) in the removal of MB dye from environmental water samples (tap water, bottled water, and well water). Thus, it can be concluded that the proposed zeolite composite with fiber of palm tree (Zeo-FPT) is a suitable, environmentally friendly, and low-cost adsorbent for removing dyes from wastewater.
7
Chatzistathis, Theocharis, Vasileios Tzanakakis, Anastasia Giannakoula, and Polyxeni Psoma. "Inorganic and Organic Amendments Affect Soil Fertility, Nutrition, Photosystem II Activity, and Fruit Weight and May Enhance the Sustainability of Solanum lycopersicon L. (cv. ‘Mountain Fresh’) Crop." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 30, 2020): 9028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219028.
Abstract:
One of the most important issues for modern agriculture is how to decrease fertilization rates and enhance the sustainability of crops, without decreasing yields. Two inorganic (zeolite—zeo; vermiculite—ver) amendments and their mixtures with an organic soil amendment (goat manure) (i.e., zeo + ver, manure + ver, manure + zeo) were tested, and compared to the application of a controlled release fertilizer (CRF), in order to investigate if they were able to satisfy the nutritional needs of Solanum lycopersicon L. plants. For this purpose, a 112-day pot experiment was performed. After zeo and manure application, exchangeable K was increased from 16.5 times to 37.5 times. At the end of the experiment, total plant biomass was significantly higher in the CRF treatment, compared to the ver treatments (ver, ver + manure). Leaf K concentration was significantly higher in the zeo treatment (5.93% dw), compared to those determined in the CRF, ver, and ver + manure. In contrast, significantly higher foliar N was found in the CRF (4.83% dw) and zeo + ver (4.24% dw) treatments, compared to manure + ver. Finally, photosystem II (PSII) activity was significantly higher in ver, and this was ascribed to the optimum foliar Mn found in this treatment (138 mg kg−1 dw). It is expected that these data will provide a thorough insight towards decreasing chemical fertilization inputs and enhancing the sustainability of Solanum lycopersicon L. crop.
8
Hashemi, Mahsa, Mohammad Hashemi, Elham Amiri, Hassan Hassanzadazar, Shahrzad Daneshamooz, and Majid Aminzare. "Evaluation of the Synergistic Antioxidant Effect of Resveratrol and Zataria multiflora Boiss Essential Oil in Sodium Alginate Bioactive Films." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 20, no. 12 (October 18, 2019): 1064–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201020666190719143910.
Abstract:
Background: Biodegradable films are appropriate alternatives to synthetic polymers due to their potential to enhance food safety and their function as a carrier for wide a range of food additives especially natural antioxidants. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the potential antioxidant activities of sodium alginate films containing resveratrol (RES) alone and in combination with Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZEO) using an in vitro model. Methods: At first, the major chemical compositions of ZEO were evaluated by GC/MS. Then, the amount of phenolic compounds of sodium alginate films were evaluated by total phenolic contents assay and antioxidant activities of films were evaluated by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Finally, the concentrations of ZEO and RES which showed better antioxidant activities in sodium alginate films were incorporated to films in combination forms to evaluate their synergistic effects. Results: According to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis, 35 compounds of ZEO were identified and Thymol (37.94%), p-Cymene (9.50%) and 3-Carene (4.98%) were the most important compounds of essential oil, respectively. The results of the radical scavenging evaluations, showed better antioxidant activities of the films containing RES than the films containing ZEO and Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Also, the combined uses of ZEO and RES into alginate films had the synergistic effects (P<0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that alginate films incorporated with the combination of ZEO and RES is the appropriate option to postpone the oxidative reactions and can be used as natural antioxidant in the food packaging industry.
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Khamkure, Sasirot, Edmundo Peña Cervantes, Alejandro Zermeño González, Rubén López Cervantes, Prócoro Gamero Melo, and Homero Ramírez. "Number of residual thermotolerant coliforms on plants and in soil when using reclaimed domestic wastewater for irrigation." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.577.
Abstract:
The reclamation of domestic wastewater for irrigation is one alternative approach to solve the water scarcity crisis, but it is essential to control the microbiological quality of wastewater used for irrigation. The removal of thermotolerant coliforms, also known as faecal coliforms (FC), from treated domestic wastewater by intermittent media infiltration (IMI) in column was studied. The columns were filled with natural filter media (soil, soil/charcoal and zinc-modified zeolite, Zeo-Zn), and wastewater, IMI-treated wastewater and disinfected wastewater were compared. The numbers of residual FC on Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris) and in agricultural soil were determined over a 4-month period. The column using Zeo-Zn had a higher FC removal efficiency (2.98 log) than columns with other filter media and disinfection (1.87–2.57 log) due to the bactericidal properties of Zn2+. The treatment of wastewater using Zeo-Zn and disinfection both decreased the accumulation of FC on plants and in soil to approximately 1–20 MPN/g dry matter. IMI-treated wastewater using the column with Zeo-Zn was suitable for unrestricted agricultural use, complied with Mexican regulations (as did disinfected wastewater) and had a low risk of FC contamination of plants and soil.
10
Masoumi Pour, Mohammad Mahdi, Farhad Foroudi, Naser Karimi, Mohammad Reza Abedini, and Kazem Karimi. "Effect of Anionic and Zeolite Supplements and Oral Calcium Bolus in Prepartum Diets on Feed Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Compositions, Plasma Ca Concentration, Blood Metabolites and the Prevalence of Some Reproductive Disorders in Fresh Dairy Cows." Animals 12, no. 21 (November 7, 2022): 3059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12213059.
Abstract:
Hypocalcaemia is an important disorder associated with an increased risk of metabolic diseases, and many studies have been going on for decades. This study investigated the effects of anionic and zeolite with an oral Ca bolus in the prepartum phase on milk yields and compositions, and plasma Ca concentrations, blood metabolites and the prevalence of some reproductive disorders in dairy cows after parturition. Ninety pregnant non-lactating Holstein-Friesian cows were randomly assigned to three isoenergetic diets and their counterparts using an oral Ca bolus: (1) Control (CON): low Ca (0.44%); (2) Anionic (ANI): high Ca (1.00%); (3) Zeolite (ZEO): low Ca (0.44%). The feed and energy intakes of the CON and ZEO groups were higher than the ANI group. The raw milk yield, Pr%, and feed efficiency did not differ between the groups, while the corrected milk yield, fat% and total corrected milk yield at 305 days differed between groups. Total plasma and the ionized Ca concentration of the ANI and ZEO groups, at calving time and in 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after that, were higher than in the CON group. The frequencies of hypocalcaemia and reproductive disorders in the ANI and ZEO groups were lower than in the CON. The blood metabolite levels in the CON group were higher than in other groups. In conclusion, the ANI and ZEO diets and their counterparts supplemented with an oral Ca bolus improved the milk production traits, plasma calcium and metabolites concentration and also effectively prevented reproductive disorders.
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Doni, Serena, Grazia Masciandaro, Cristina Macci, Davide Manzi, Giovan Battista Mattii, Eleonora Cataldo, Maria Gispert, Francesca Vannucchi, and Eleonora Peruzzi. "Zeolite and Winery Waste as Innovative By-Product for Vineyard Soil Management." Environments 11, no. 2 (February 2, 2024): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments11020029.
Abstract:
In semiarid environments, vine cultivation is a land use with a high impact with regard to soil erosion, loss of organic matter and biodiversity, contamination, and compaction. In addition, the wine supply chain produces a considerable quantity of organic waste, which remains as residues in the ecosystem. Within this context, we developed a sustainable vine management system to improve the efficient use of fertilisers by applying a by-product derived from the composting of winery wastes and zeolite. We evaluated the effects of the zeolite-based compost on the chemical, physical, and biochemical soil properties of a productive vineyard. Four treatments were set up and monitored for about two years. These were as follows: (1) Commercial compost (COM); (2) Zeolite (Z); (3) 30% zeolite and 70% winery waste compost (30 ZEO); (4) 10% zeolite and 90% winery waste compost (10 ZEO). The results demonstrated that the ZEO treatments could be considered a win–win solution able to improve soil water content, nutrient retention, carbon sequestration, and biochemical activity while also recycling wastes. In particular, 10 ZEO seems to be the amendment that best combines an improvement in soil biochemical properties with gradual and constant nutrient availability, thus satisfying, without exceeding, soil and plant needs.
12
Diamantis, Vasileios. "Performance of a Micro-Scale Membrane Reactor for Greywater Treatment at Household Level." Membranes 11, no. 1 (January 17, 2021): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11010063.
Abstract:
An aerated membrane reactor (25 L working volume) equipped with 1.5 m2 hollow-fiber module was designed and operated using synthetic greywater for household water reuse. Activated sludge (MBR), activated carbon (PAC), zeolite (ZEO) and iron hydroxide (GEH) were added in separate experiments to optimize membrane hydraulic performance and removal efficiency of organics. The use of additives improved permeate quality (in terms of Chemical Oxygen Demand—COD) compared to the direct membrane filtration mode of operation. GEH and MBR were efficient for phosphorus removal, which was not the case for PAC and ZEO. No significant improvement of membrane flux was recorded when PAC, ZEO or GEH were added inside the membrane tank. The MBR system displayed optimum performance during medium-term operation, with COD removal efficiency 85% and permeate flux between 40 and 25 L m−2 h−1. The capital costs of the proposed technology were around 300 € and the operational costs below 80 € yr−1, rendering the process feasible at household level. Greywater treatment systems for household applications are still on their infancy; however, this trend is expected to change due public perception towards circular economy, water conservation and reuse.
13
Achi, Chibueze G., Amro Hassanein, and Stephanie Lansing. "Enhanced Biogas Production of Cassava Wastewater Using Zeolite and Biochar Additives and Manure Co-Digestion." Energies 13, no. 2 (January 19, 2020): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13020491.
Abstract:
Currently, there are challenges with proper disposal of cassava processing wastewater, and a need for sustainable energy in the cassava industry. This study investigated the impact of co-digestion of cassava wastewater (CW) with livestock manure (poultry litter (PL) and dairy manure (DM)), and porous adsorbents (biochar (B-Char) and zeolite (ZEO)) on energy production and treatment efficiency. Batch anaerobic digestion experiments were conducted, with 16 treatments of CW combined with manure and/or porous adsorbents using triplicate reactors for 48 days. The results showed that CW combined with ZEO (3 g/g total solids (TS)) produced the highest cumulative CH4 (653 mL CH4/g VS), while CW:PL (1:1) produced the most CH4 on a mass basis (17.9 mL CH4/g substrate). The largest reduction in lag phase was observed in the mixture containing CW (1:1), PL (1:1), and B-Char (3 g/g TS), yielding 400 mL CH4/g volatile solids (VS) after 15 days of digestion, which was 84.8% of the total cumulative CH4 from the 48-day trial. Co-digesting CW with ZEO, B-Char, or PL provided the necessary buffer needed for digestion of CW, which improved the process stability and resulted in a significant reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD). Co-digestion could provide a sustainable strategy for treating and valorizing CW. Scale-up calculations showed that a CW input of 1000–2000 L/d co-digested with PL (1:1) could produce 9403 m3 CH4/yr using a 50 m3 digester, equivalent to 373,327 MJ/yr or 24.9 tons of firewood/year. This system would have a profit of $5642/yr and a $47,805 net present value.
14
Laksmono, Joddy Arya, Mahmud Sudibandriyo, Asep Handaya Saputra, and Agus Haryono. "Structured Polyvinyl Alcohol/Zeolite/Carbon Composites Prepared Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction Techniques as Adsorbent for Bioethanol Dehydration." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019 (January 16, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6036479.
Abstract:
Introduction. Adsorption is a purification process with a more efficient energy level than others. Adsorption performance is strongly influenced by the ability of the adsorbent to be used; therefore, the modification of the adsorbent becomes a very important key for the purification process that occurs. Methods. In this study, the preparation of composite adsorbents was carried out by combining polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), zeolite (Zeo), and activated carbon (AC) as precursors. The crosslinking process was fulfilled by adding glutaraldehyde to the precursor mixtures followed by a supercritical fluid CO2 extraction (SFE) technique to create conditions for the crosslinking process. The composites were analyzed using Braunner–Emmet–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX-mapping), while individual and composite adsorbents were evaluated for their ability in bioethanol dehydration at various initial concentrations of ethanol and temperature. Results. The BET characterization shows that composite preparation under supercritical CO2 conditions provides reasonable surface areas, which are proportional to the content of activated carbon. The crosslinking process has been described by FTIR data interpretation, showing that PVA and glutaraldehyde were properly distributed on Zeo and AC precursors. The DSC characterization results give information that PVA successfully forms hydrophilic composites within Zeo and AC. The SEM micrograph analysis shows the formation of pores on the surface and cross section in structured adsorbents. The experimental adsorption shows that an increasing amount of AC in the composites increases the capacity of water adsorption (i.e., 0.80 gram of water/gram of adsorbent for PVA/Zeo/AC = 1 : 1 : 1 at 22°C). However, the effect is not significant when the ratio of AC is less than 0.5. As expected, the lower temperature increases the adsorption capacity. Further, by using approximately 4.5 gram adsorbents composite in 30 ml of water-ethanol mixtures, high concentration of bioethanol (>99%) can be achieved at various temperatures from 22°C to 40°C and bioethanol initial concentration from 88% to 96%. Conclusion. The SFE technique provides distinguished adsorbents composite properties. Further, the new composites provide about four times better adsorption capacity than that showed in the individual adsorbents test. The addition of AC influences on increasing the capacity and adsorption kinetics value.
15
Müller, Stefanie, Peggy Möller, Matthew J. Bick, Stephanie Wurr, Stephan Becker, Stephan Günther, and Beate M. Kümmerer. "Inhibition of Filovirus Replication by the Zinc Finger Antiviral Protein." Journal of Virology 81, no. 5 (December 20, 2006): 2391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01601-06.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT The zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) was recently shown to inhibit Moloney murine leukemia virus and Sindbis virus replication. We tested whether ZAP also acts against Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV). Antiviral effects were observed after infection of cells expressing the N-terminal part of ZAP fused to the product of the zeocin resistance gene (NZAP-Zeo) as well as after infection of cells inducibly expressing full-length ZAP. EBOV was inhibited by up to 4 log units, whereas MARV was inhibited between 1 to 2 log units. The activity of ZAP was dependent on the integrity of the second and fourth zinc finger motif, as tested with cell lines expressing NZAP-Zeo mutants. Heterologous expression of EBOV- and MARV-specific sequences fused to a reporter gene suggest that ZAP specifically targets L gene sequences. The activity of NZAP-Zeo in this assay was also dependent on the integrity of the second and fourth zinc finger motif. Time-course experiments with infectious EBOV showed that ZAP reduces the level of L mRNA before the level of genomic or antigenomic RNA is affected. Transient expression of ZAP decreased the activity of an EBOV replicon system by up to 95%. This inhibitory effect could be partially compensated for by overexpression of L protein. In conclusion, the data demonstrate that ZAP exhibits antiviral activity against filoviruses, presumably by decreasing the level of viral mRNA.
16
Lin, Qing-Fang, Zihao Rei Gao, Cong Lin, Siyao Zhang, Junfeng Chen, Zhiqiang Li, Xiaolong Liu, et al. "A stable aluminosilicate zeolite with intersecting three-dimensional extra-large pores." Science 374, no. 6575 (December 24, 2021): 1605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abk3258.
Abstract:
Extra-large and intersecting pores Thermally stable zeolites with large pores, such as zeolite Y with 12-membered rings, are used for converting large molecules from petroleum into smaller, more useful hydrocarbons. Lin et al . report the synthesis of ZEO-1, a thermally stable zeolite with extra-large, 16-membered rings. The use of tricyclohexylmethylphosphonium as an organic structure–directing agent created a zeolite with a fully interconnected multidimensional framework and a very high specific surface area. —PDS
17
Shi, Yan, Xisen Wang, Xin Wang, Kristen Carlson, and Zhaohui Li. "Removal of Toluidine Blue and Safranin O from Single and Binary Solutions Using Zeolite." Crystals 11, no. 10 (September 28, 2021): 1181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11101181.
Abstract:
The studies on dye removal from solutions attracted great attention due to the increased use of color dyes in different fields. However, most of the studies were focused on dye removal from a single solution. In reality, wastewater from the fabric industry could contain mixed dyes. As such, evaluating different dye removal from mixed solutions may have more practical importance. In terms of sorbents evaluated for dye removal, most of them were an organic type generated from agricultural wastes. Clay minerals and zeolites were also studied extensively, because of the vast reserves, inexpensive material cost, larger specific surface area (SSA) and high cation exchange capacity (CEC). However, evaluating the factors controlling the dye removal from mixed dye solutions was limited. In this study, the removal of cationic dyes safranin O (SO) and toluidine blue (TB) by clinoptilolite zeolite (ZEO) was evaluated under single and binary systems. The results showed that removal of TB was preferred over SO by approximately a 2:1 ratio. The counterion Cl− sorption from mixed dye solution helped the formation of mixed dye aggregates on mineral surfaces. Molecular dynamic simulation confirmed the multilayer mixed dye formation on ZEO under high loading levels.
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DE ASSIS, TIAGO, JORDAN PERRIN, HASAN JAMEEL, RICHARD PHILLIPS, DOMINIQUE LACHENAL, ADRIANNA KIRKMAN, and RONALDS GONZALEZ. "Techno-economic analysis of ECF bleaching and TCF bleaching for a bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp mill." October 2017 16, no. 10 (2017): 583–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj16.10.583.
Abstract:
An early stage techno-economic analysis was performed to compare a traditional elemental chlorine free (ECF) sequence (O O D0 [EOP] D1 P) with the proposed totally chlorine free (TCF) sequence (O O A [ZEO]1 [ZEO]2 P)] for a bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp mill. Similar operating costs (ECF = US$465/a.d. metric ton; TCF = US$468/a.d. metric ton) and similar internal rate of return (ECF = 16.5%; TCF = 16.4%) were obtained. Although the TCF case has lower revenue with surplus steam, savings with chemicals (e.g., sodium chlorate and methanol) pays for the higher consumption of electricity. Probabilistic analyses were also performed to evaluate the financial risks associated with the variability of chemical costs and electricity price. Probabilistic analyses have shown that the price volatility of sodium hydroxide and sodium chlorate have a significant impact on the probability distribution of internal rate of return (IRR). Despite its promising potential, the new TCF sequence has only been tested in laboratory scale and further scaleup has to be performed to validate the technology. However, the techno-economic economic analysis shows that the proposed TCF technology has promising potential for future industrial application.
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Ntoulas, Nikolaos, Panayiotis A. Nektarios, Thomais-Evelina Kapsali, Maria-Pinelopi Kaltsidi, Liebao Han, and Shuxia Yin. "Determination of the Physical, Chemical, and Hydraulic Characteristics of Locally Available Materials for Formulating Extensive Green Roof Substrates." HortTechnology 25, no. 6 (December 2015): 774–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.25.6.774.
Abstract:
Several locally available materials were tested to create an optimized growth substrate for arid and semiarid Mediterranean extensive green roofs. The study involved a four-step screening procedure. At the first step, 10 different materials were tested including pumice (Pum), crushed tiles grade 1–2 mm (T1–2), 2–4 mm (T2–4), 5–8 mm (T5–8), 5–16 mm (T5–16), and 4–22 mm (T4–22); crushed bricks of either 2–4 mm (B2–4) or 2–8 mm (B2–8); a thermally treated clay (TC); and zeolite (Zeo). All materials were tested for their particle size distribution, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC). The results were compared for compliance with existing guidelines for extensive green roof construction. From the first step, the most promising materials were shown to include Pum, Zeo, T5–8, T5–16, and TC, which were then used at the second stage to develop mixtures between them. Tests at the second stage included particle size distribution and moisture potential curves. Pumice mixed with TC provided the best compliance with existing guidelines in relation to particle size distribution, and it significantly increased moisture content compared with the mixes of Pum with T5–8 and T5–16. As a result, from the second screening step, the best performing substrate was Pum mixed with TC and Zeo. The third stage involved the selection of the most appropriate organic amendment of the growing substrate. Three composts having different composition and sphagnum peat were analyzed for their chemical and physical characteristics. The composts were a) garden waste compost (GWC), b) olive (Olea europaea L.) mill waste compost (OMWC), and c) grape (Vitis vinifera L.) marc compost (GMC). It was found that the peat-amended substrate retained increased moisture content compared with the compost-amended substrates. The fourth and final stage involved the evaluation of the environmental impact of the final mix with the four different organic amendments based on their first flush nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N) leaching potential. It was found that GWC and OMWC exhibited increased NO3−-N leaching that initially reached 160 and 92 mg·L−1 of NO3−-N for OMWC and GWC, respectively. By contrast, peat and GMC exhibited minimal NO3−-N leaching that was slightly above the maximum contaminant level of 10 mg·L−1 of NO3−-N (17.3 and 14.6 mg·L−1 of NO3−N for peat and GMC, respectively). The latter was very brief and lasted only for the first 100 and 50 mL of effluent volume for peat and GMC, respectively.
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Paydar, Shahram, Ali Noorafshan, Behnam Dalfardi, Shahram Jahanabadi, Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi, Seyedeh-Saeedeh Yahyavi, and Hadi Khoshmohabat. "Structural Alteration in Dermal Vessels and Collagen Bundles following Exposure of Skin Wound to Zeolite–Bentonite Compound." Journal of Pharmaceutics 2016 (December 28, 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5843459.
Abstract:
Background. This study examines the impact of one-time direct application of haemostatic agent zeolite–bentonite powder to wounded skin on the healing process in rats. Materials and Methods. 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into two groups (n=12): (1) the rats whose wounds were washed only with sterile normal saline (NS-treated) and (2) those treated with zeolite–bentonite compound (ZEO-treated). The wound was circular, full-thickness, and 2 cm in diameter. At the end of the 12th day, six animals from each group were randomly selected and terminated. The remaining rats were terminated after 21 days. Just after scarification, skin samples were excised and sent for stereological evaluation. Results. The results showed a significant difference between the two groups regarding the length density of the blood vessels and diameter of the large and small vessels on the 12th day after the wound was inflicted. Besides, volume density of both the dermis and collagen bundles was reduced by 25% in the ZEO-treated rats in comparison to the NS-treated animals after 21 days. Conclusions. One-time topical usage of zeolite–bentonite haemostatic powder on an animal skin wound might negatively affect the healing process through vasoconstriction and inhibition of neoangiogenesis.
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Kim, Seong-Chang, and Eun-Jun Park. "Franchise hair salon XEO Hair, environmental factors, symbol narrative, brand image, Relationship between revisit of recommendation intention." Korean Society of Beauty and Art 23, no. 3 (September 20, 2022): 187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.18693/jksba.2022.23.3.187.
Abstract:
This study investigated the effects of environmental factors, symbolic narrative, brand image, revisit and recommendation intention of hair salon Zeo Hair. To this end, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to Zeo Hair customers in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. For data collection, a total of 350 questionnaires were distributed and collected. As a result of the final analysis of 298 copies excluding 22 defective cases, the higher the reliability of the beauty salon, the higher the customer satisfaction. The study results are as follows. First, as a result of examining the demographic characteristics, women in their twenties had the most. Marriage was the most unmarried, education was the most, and the average monthly income was between 1 million won and less than 3 million won. Second, it was found that there was no problem in the reliability verification of environmental factors, symbolic narrative, brand image, revisit and recommendation intention, and environmental factors were derived from two sub-factors of emotional preference and visual preference, As a result of examining the effect of symbol narrative on brand image, it was found that external image, a sub-factor of brand image, significantly affects emotional preference and visual preference factors. As the convenience, aesthetics, and appropriateness increased, the external image and revisit recommendation intention also increased. Based on the above results, it is expected that hair salons will be able to improve the environment, increase customer satisfaction, and increase the revisit rate, thereby promoting the growth of the hair salon market.
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Acosta, Dwight R., Isaac Schifter, and José L. Contreras. "Gallium ZSM-5 type zeolites: A catalytical and structural electron microscopy study." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 950–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100106818.
Abstract:
Synthesis of stereo selective zeolites using Gallium as partial or total substitute instead of aluminum, may lead to obtention of a novel class of zeo lites with modification of channel apertures, cage size and total acidity. Reaction velocity and selectivity for isomerization and cracking processes, for instance, are influenced by acid force of protonic sites, which may be selective or active for particular catalytic reactions.Zeolites Z-683 and Z-691 with a 50% and 100% of A1 atoms substituted respectively, were synthesized using a modified method for ZSM-5 zeolite crystallization as described in the literature. The samples obtained were studied using ammonia (NH3) thermodesorption techniques. X-ray diffraction, high resolution electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction and optical diffractometry methods were used in order to determine structural characteristics of zeolites above mentioned.Figure 1 shows the results of NH3 thermodesortion studies for three zeolites: Z-601 (ZSM-5), Z-683 (50% A1 - 50% Ga) and Z-691 (100% Ga).
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Endo, Toyoshi, and Tetsuro Kobayashi. "Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor in brown adipose tissue is involved in the regulation of thermogenesis." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 295, no. 2 (August 2008): E514—E518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.90433.2008.
Abstract:
C.RF- Tshrhyt/hyt mice have a mutated thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), and, without thyroid hormone supplementation, these mice develop severe hypothyroidism. When hypothyroid Tshrhyt/hyt mice were exposed to cold (4°C), rectal temperature rapidly dropped to 23.9 ± 0.40°C at 90 min, whereas the wild-type mice temperatures were 37.0 ± 0.15°C. When we carried out functional rat TSHR gene transfer in the brown adipose tissues by plasmid injection combined with electroporation, there was no effect on the serum levels of thyroxine, although rectal temperature of the mice transfected with pcDNA3.1/Zeo-rat TSHR 90 min after cold exposure remained at 34.6 ± 0.34°C, which was significantly higher than that of Tshrhyt/hyt mice. Transfection of TSHR cDNA increased mRNA and protein levels of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) in brown adipose tissues, and the weight ratio of brown adipose tissue to overall body weight also increased. Exogenous thyroid hormone supplementation to Tshrhyt/hyt mice restored rectal temperature 90 min after exposure to cold (36.8 ± 0.10°C). These results indicate that not only thyroid hormone but also thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)/TSHR are involved in the expression mechanism of UCP-1 in mouse brown adipose tissue. TSH stimulates thermogenesis and functions to protect a further decrease in body temperature in the hypothyroid state.
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Filippidis, A., G. Papastergios, N. Apostolidis, S. Filippidis, I. Paragios, and C. Sikalidis. "PURIFICATION OF URBAN WASTEWATERS BY HELLENIC NATURAL ZEOLITE." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, no. 5 (July 31, 2017): 2597. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11667.
Abstract:
Treatment of urban wastewaters (pHinitial 8.2), with 6 g of Hellenic Natural Zeolite (HENAZE) of an grain-size < 1.5 mm, gave overflowed clear water of pH 7.5, free of odors and improved quality parameters by 87% for the suspended particles, 88% for the color, 91% for the P2O5 content, 93% for the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 97% for the NH4 content. Compared to previous experiment, the decrease of the amount of HENAZE by 1.5 g (20%) resulted to the purification worsening only by 1-2%. The HENAZE comes from Ntrista stream of Petrota village of Trigono Municipality of Evros Prefecture, Northeastern Greece. HENAZE contains 89 wt.% HEU-type zeolite and exhibit an ammonia ion exchange capacity (sorption ability) of 226 meq/100g. The mineralogical composition and the unique physico-chemical properties, make the HENAZE suitable material for numerous environmental, industrial, agricultural and aquacultural applications, such as: Animal nutrition, soil amendment for agriculture, pH soil regulation, greenhouse and flowers substrates, durability and health improvement of lawn, purification of industrial and urban wastewaters, treatment of sewage sludge, odor control, fishery and fish breeding, gas purification and drying systems, oxygen enrichment of aquatic ecosystems, improvement of drinking water quality, constructed wetlands and wastewater treatment units. The treatment gave as precipitate an odorless and cohesive zeo-sewage sludge, suitable for safe deposition and also for the reclamation of agricultural soils. The zeo-sewage sludge, produced either from the urban wastewater treatment or from the mixing of HENAZE and sewage sludge, can be used for the reclamation of agricultural soils. The presence of HENAZE in the agricultural soils, increases the crops yield by 29 57% and improves the quality of agricultural products by 4-46%, reduces the use of fertilizers by 55-100%, reduces the usage of irrigation water by 33-67%, prevents the seepage of dangerous species into the water environment (e.g., NO3 - by 55-57%), protecting thus the quality of surface and underground waters. The usage of HENAZE in vivarium units and in the animal nutrition, increases the production and improves the quality of the relevant products.
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Kamble S, Rajan. "Adsorption Behavior of Pb, Cd, Ca, Al, Zn And Co Metal Ions on Cation Exchange Resin Dowex 50 Wx8 (Nh4+ Form) From Aqueous Acetone-Ammonium Propionate Media." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 9, no. 09 (September 4, 2021): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v9i9.ce01.
Abstract:
There has a wide interest in stability of different types of ion exchange resins against ionizing radiations. The irradiation damage and stability of polystyrendigni benzene and phenolformaldehide sulphonic acid ion exchange resins was investigated by determination of the radiolytic gases. The gas analysis showed a very good linear dose dependence of the evolved hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The linearity of carbon dioxide was good for Dowex 50 WX 10 but less pronounce for zeo-carb 215. Sulphur dioxide was at least partially produced by direct action and was consumed by secondary reaction during irradiation. Kuzin et al [1] analysed radiolytic gases evolved from a carboxylic acid exchange resin. Wiely et al [2] investigated gamma radiation induce degradation of sulphonetic styrle resin cross link with 4 and 8 % m / p dinyl benzene isomer or mixtures thereof including commercial divenyle benzene have been shown loss in capacity 5-12. 8% at the radiation intensities of 290 R/hr and total dose 0.91 – 1.0 x 10-8 rad in presence of water.
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Akter, Mst Nahid, Gobindo Sarker, Md Mozahar Ali, and Md Abu Zafar. "Present status of using aqua medicines and chemicals on fish health management in Bogura district, Bangladesh." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 7, no. 1 (April 26, 2020): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v7i1.46841.
Abstract:
In order to understand the existing status of aqua-medicines and chemicals in aquaculture activities present investigation was conducted from January to June 2017 in four upazilas of Bogura district namely, Bogura Sadar, Sherpur, Kahaloo and Shibganj. Questionnaire and focus group discussion were used for data collection. Among the latest aquachemicals, geotox, jv zeolite, mega plus, aquastar pond, acme's zeolite, zeo-fresh, aqua green, biomin pond life, aquakleen, megagio gold, and aqua boost were extensively used. Probiotics like profs, aqua photo, aqua gold, super biotic and pond care were used. The selected farmers used growth promoter such as saltose, panvit aqua, spa gelly, aqua boost and bio-pond, bio-grow, aqua pure, gasstrap, metrix, geo-rich bio-aqua 50 and aqua magic were used as toxic gas reducer. Approximately 11 trade names of antibiotics were marketed in the selected area. Their main active ingredients were chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, amoxicillin, co-trimoxazole, azithromycin and sulphadiazine. The survey identified some problems connected with the practice of such chemicals such as shortage of fish farmer’s knowledge about the usage of chemicals, proper dosage and their maintenance.
Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(1): 129-138, April 2020
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Lee, Sanghoon, Changhong Yin, Janet Ayello, Erin Morris, Carmella van de Ven, and Mitchell S. Cairo. "Downregulation of DLEU1 Significantly Shortened Survival in a Rituximab-Treated DLEU1 Knockout Human Burkitt Lymphoma (BL) Xenograft NSG Mouse Model: DLEU1 May Act As a Tumor Suppressor Gene in Pediatric BL." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 3656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3656.3656.
Abstract:
Abstract BACKGROUND: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is the most common histological subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in children and adolescents (Cairo et al., Blood, 2007; Miles/Cairo, BJH, 2012). We have previously identified secondary chromosomal aberrations in 70% of pediatric BL patients (PBL) with a C-MYC gene rearrangement (Poirel/Cairo et al., Leukemia, 2009). Specifically, we identified significantly inferior event free survival (EFS) and overall survival in children and adolescents with a specific loss of the 13q14.3 locus (Poirel/Cairo et al., Leukemia, 2009; Nelson/Cairo/Sanger et al., Br. J. Haematol., 2009). In a multivariate analysis controlling for stage, lactate dehydrogenase levels, country of treatment, and group classification, children with BL who had a 13q deletion had significantly poorer EFS compared to the remainder of patients treated with the same French-American-British (FAB) chemotherapy regimen (Poirel/Cairo et al., Leukemia, 2009). Deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 1 (DLEU1) is a BL classifier gene in the 13q14.3 region (Dave et al., NEJM, 2006) and interacts with C-MYC, Tubulin beta-2C chain (TUBB2C), E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (UBR1), cellular tumor antigen p53, and Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family member 1 (RASSF1) (Stelzl et al., Cell, 2005). The sequence-specific Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs) have been developed for targeted genome editing in in vitro and in vivo experiments with high efficiency as a new therapeutic tool (Sander et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2011). We have previously reported a down-regulated DLEU1 mRNA expression significantly associated with an increase in BL proliferation in vitro (Lee/Cairo et al., AACR, 2015). We hypothesize that DLEU1 may have function as a tumor suppressor gene; however, the role of DLEU1 regulating programmed cell death in BL are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesize that DLEU1 may act as a tumor suppressor gene in BL and whether down-regulation of DLEU1 expression results in changes in BL survival following targeted immunotherapy. METHODS: TALENs induced DLEU1 knockout Raji cells were previously generated (Lee/Cairo et al., ASH, 2013) and DLEU1 knockout cells were stably transfected with a firefly luciferase expression plasmid (ffluc-zeo), kindly provided by Laurence Cooper MD, PhD. Four- to six- week-old female NSG (NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ) mice from The Jackson Laboratory were irradiated (2.5 Gy), and then mice were subcutaneously injected with 1x106 ffluc-zeo tumor cells. Tumor burden and tumor progression were monitored by bioluminescence imaging system using the Xenogen IVIS-200 (Caliper Life Sciences). Mice were treated with either PBS, IgG isotype control, rituximab (30 mg/kg) or cyclophosphamide (25 mg/kg) and in combination by intraperitoneal (i.p) injection at 7 day intervals. Survival rates were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and differences evaluated by log-rank test using the Prism Version 6.0 software. RESULTS: There were significant increases of luciferase signal intensity in DLEU1 knockout mice (DLEU1-KO) compared to that in wild type (WT) mice on day 31 of rituximab (p<0.05), cyclophosphamide (p<0.05) or rituximab and cyclophosphamide (p<0.01) combined treatment. Consistent with these initial findings in tumor growth, we found that rituximab-treated DLEU1-KO mice (n=12 per group) had a significantly shortened survival time with a median of 42 days compared to that of WT mice (n=12 per group) (52 days, p<0.005) (Figure 1A). For the rituximab and cyclophosphamide combination treated group, WT mice (n=12 per group) had a significantly extended survival time compared to the DLEU1-KO group (55.5 days vs 48 days, p<0.05) (Figure 1B). There were no significant differences in survival between WT and DLEU1-KO mice with PBS and IgG isotope treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The down-regulation of DLEU1 expression significantly decreased the survival rate in DLEU1-KO xenografted NSG mice following rituximab and in combination with cyclophosphamide treatment. Therefore, the down-regulation of DLEU1 expression in BL may in part result in immunotherapy resistance and may result in a consideration of alternative therapeutic strategies. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Takai, Hiroaki, Masako Hirai, Takeshi Ishiguro, and Fukuo Kojima. "Approachable ZEB (Zero Energy Building) (Part 1) - Current situation of our latest projects for ZEB -." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 294 (August 9, 2019): 012065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/294/1/012065.
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Huang, Zhijia, Yang Zhang, Yuehong Lu, Wei Wang, Demin Chen, Changlong Wang, and Zafar Khan. "Cost Allocation Model for Net-Zero Energy Buildings under Community-Based Reward Penalty Mechanism." Environmental and Climate Technologies 23, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 293–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2019-0096.
Abstract:
Abstract The introduction of financial incentives for net-zero energy building/community (ZEB/ZEC) is a potential strategy that facilitates the development of sustainable buildings. In this study, a reward-penalty mechanism (RPM) is firstly proposed for a community that aims to achieve the target of annual zero energy balance. In order to investigate the cost allocated for each building in the community, a cost allocation model by considering the load of these buildings and the levels of zero energy building achieved is further proposed, based on which four typical types of the model is selected and investigated. The economic performance of a building under the four types of allocation model is then compared for a community that consists of 20 family houses in Ireland. By considering the possible ZEB level ranges in each building, two Cases are conducted (Case 1 – the range is between 0.0 and 1.0; Case 2 – the range is between 0.5 and 1.0). The results show that the 1st model is the simplest one that allocates cost evenly. By contrast, the cost of a building depends on its load in the 2nd model and depends on the ZEB level it achieved in the 3rd model, while it considers the two factors evenly in the 4th model. The proposed cost allocation model is expected to provide a basic guide for the designers of financial incentives as well as experts in the fields of net-zero energy buildings.
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AbuZahra, Hamad Mohammed, Peramaiyan Rajendran, and Mohammad Bani Ismail. "Zerumbone Exhibit Protective Effect against Zearalenone Induced Toxicity via Ameliorating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induced Apoptosis." Antioxidants 10, no. 10 (October 12, 2021): 1593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10101593.
Abstract:
Zearalenone are widely occurring food contaminants that cause hepatotoxicity. This research work aimed to investigate how zerumbone, a plant-derived dietary compound, can fight ZEA-induced hepatotoxicity. ZER is found to increase the cells’ toxin resistance. This study was performed on mice challenged with ZEA. The administration of ZER decreased the level of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Simultaneously, ZER attenuated the inflammatory response via significantly reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum. Pretreatment with ZER reduced the hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, as well as the depletion of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), hepatic glutathione (GSH), and hepatic catalase (CAT). Moreover, it significantly ameliorated ZEA-induced liver damage and histological hepatocyte changes. ZER also relieved ZEA-induced apoptosis by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway and Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. Furthermore, ZER increasingly activated Bcl2 and suppressed apoptosis marker proteins. Our findings suggest that ZER exhibits the ability to prevent ZEA-induced liver injury and present the underlying molecular basis for potential applications of ZER to cure liver injuries.
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Deng, Tao, Yefei Chen, Jinqiang Zhang, Yanping Gao, Changgui Yang, Weike Jiang, Xiaohong Ou, et al. "A Probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D-1 Strain Is Responsible for Zearalenone Detoxifying in Coix Semen." Toxins 15, no. 12 (November 28, 2023): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15120674.
Abstract:
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp., which commonly and severely contaminate food/feed. ZEN severely affects food/feed safety and reduces economic losses owing to its carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, endocrine effects, and immunotoxicity. To explore efficient methods to detoxify ZEN, we identified and characterized an efficient ZEN-detoxifying microbiota from the culturable microbiome of Pseudostellaria heterophylla rhizosphere soil, designated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D-1. Its highest ZEN degradation rate reached 96.13% under the optimal condition. And, D-1 can almost completely remove ZEN (90 μg·g−1) from coix semen in 24 h. Then, the D-1 strain can detoxify ZEN to ZEM, which is a new structural metabolite, through hydrolyzation and decarboxylation at the ester group in the lactone ring and amino acid esterification at C2 and C4 hydroxy. Notably, ZEM has reduced the impact on viability, and the damage of cell membrane and nucleus DNA and can significantly decrease the cell apoptosis in the HepG2 cell and TM4 cell. In addition, it was found that the D-1 strain has no adverse effect on the HepG2 and TM4 cells. Our findings can provide an efficient microbial resource and a reliable reference strategy for the biological detoxification of ZEN.
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Benthem de Grave, Xandra, Janine Saltzmann, Julia Laurain, Maria A. Rodriguez, Francesc Molist, Sven Dänicke, and Regiane R. Santos. "Transmission of Zearalenone, Deoxynivalenol, and Their Derivatives from Sows to Piglets during Lactation." Toxins 13, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13010037.
Abstract:
Sows were fed naturally contaminated diets containing: (i) 100 ppb zearalenone (ZEN) one week before farrowing and during the lactation period (at 26 days), (ii) 100 ppb ZEN one week before farrowing and 300 ppb ZEN during the lactation period, or (iii) 300 ppb ZEN one week before farrowing and during the lactation period. All diets contained 250 ppb deoxynivalenol (DON). The highest levels of ZEN, α-ZEL, or β-ZEL were observed in the serum of sows fed 300 ppb ZEN before farrowing and during lactation. However, only α-ZEL was significantly increased in the colostrum and milk of these sows. Sows fed the 300 ppb ZEN during the complete trial presented a significant decrease in backfat thickness before farrowing. This effect was accompanied by a decrease in serum leptin levels. These sows also presented a decrease in estradiol levels and this effect was observed in their piglets exposed during lactation, which presented increased glucagon-like peptide 1, but no changes in serum levels of ZEN, α-ZEL, or β-ZEL. Although all sows were fed the same levels of DON, the serum levels of DON and de-epoxy-DON were increased only in the serum of piglets from the sows fed a diet with the highest ZEN levels during the whole experimental period. Moreover, these piglets presented gut inflammation, as indicated by significantly increased calprotectin levels in their serum.
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Iqbal, M. "Active packaging from natural ingredients applied to meat: A review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1230, no. 1 (September 1, 2023): 012184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1230/1/012184.
Abstract:
Abstract Meat is a highly perishable food that requires proper preparation and treatment in order to extend its longevity. Active packaging is an innovation that continues to be developed for the food industry. Active packaging is a modern technology that aims to extend the shelf life, and maintain or improve the condition of packaged food for the better, by incorporating active ingredients into the packaging that are capable of releasing or absorbing substances from or into the packaged food or the environment. The use of chemicals in meat preservation and packaging gives a sense of worry to consumers. Researchers are looking for alternatives to chemicals, namely from natural ingredients used in the active packaging of meat. The use of natural herbal ingredients combined with various preservatives aims to increase efficiency and minimize the effects on the organoleptic quality of meat. Testing various extracts of natural ingredients into active packaging applied to meat showed good results. The results showed that various natural extracts contain compounds that have antimicrobial, antioxidant, and lipid-activating properties. Natural ingredients such as citrus extracts, propolis extracts, and essential oils of zataria multiflora (zeo), mustard seeds, the green, rambutan, garlic, and Origanum vulgare flowers have antioxidant compounds, and antimicrobial compounds and are able to reduce lipid oxidation activity of meat, and the results of research using mustard seed extracts, the green, garlic, Origanum vulgare flowers able to increase the shelf life of meat.
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van Sprundel, Mariska. "Zet jezelf op 1." Nursing 28, no. 10 (October 2022): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41193-022-0125-0.
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Chatterjee, Shakuntala, and Mukul Biswas. "Comparative evaluation of thermal stabilities of novel sulphonic acid resins from anhydride modified polystyrene with commercial polystyrene based resins, Indion-225 and Zeo-carb 225." Polymer 26, no. 9 (August 1985): 1365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(85)90313-1.
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McKeon, Hannah P., Marloes A. A. Schepens, Annick D. van den Brand, Marjolein H. de Jong, Marleen M. H. J. van Gelder, Marijn L. Hesselink, Marta M. Sopel, and Marcel J. B. Mengelers. "Assessment of Mycotoxin Exposure and Associated Risk in Pregnant Dutch Women: The Human Biomonitoring Approach." Toxins 16, no. 6 (June 18, 2024): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins16060278.
Abstract:
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by various fungi that can contaminate food crops, which, in turn, may lead to human exposure. Chronic exposure to mycotoxins can cause adverse health effects including reproductive and developmental toxicity. Pregnant women and their foetuses present a vulnerable group for exposure to mycotoxins that can cross the placenta. Human biomonitoring of mycotoxins provides a real-life approach to estimate internal exposure. In this pilot study, 24-h urine samples from 36 pregnant Dutch women were analysed for aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), total deoxynivalenol (DON), de-epoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1), total zearalenone (ZEN), total α-zearalenol (α-ZEL), total β-zearalenol (β-ZEL) and total zearalanone (ZAN), where ‘total’ refers to mycotoxins and their conjugated forms. Serum samples from these women were analysed for fumonisin B1 (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA). All samples were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The most prevalent mycotoxins were total DON, total ZEN and OTA, with a detection frequency of 100%. DOM-1, total α-ZEL and total β-ZEL were detected but to a lesser extent, while AFM1, total ZAN and FB1 were undetected. Median concentrations were 4.75 μg total DON/L, 0.0350 μg DOM-1/L, 0.0413 μg total ZEN/L, 0.0379 μg total α-ZEL/L, 0.0189 μg total β-ZEL/L, and 0.121 μg OTA/L. The calculated median concentration for total ZEN and its metabolites was 0.105 μg/L. Based on two separate risk assessment approaches, total DON exposure in this group was considered to be of low concern. Similarly, exposure to total ZEN and its metabolites in this group was of low concern. For OTA, the risk of non-neoplastic effects was of low concern based on exposure in this group, and the risk of neoplastic effects was of low concern in the majority of participants in this group. The findings of this pilot study confirm the presence of mycotoxins in the urine and serum of pregnant Dutch women, with total DON, total ZEN, and OTA most frequently detected. Exposure to all measured mycotoxins was considered to be of low concern in this group, except for exposure to OTA, which was of low concern for the majority of participants. The study’s findings offer valuable insights but should be confirmed using a larger and more diverse sample of the Dutch general population.
37
Aubert, Alvin. "Van Der Zee Extrapolation #1." Callaloo, no. 26 (1986): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2931016.
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Andersen, Wayne. "Meaningful Emptiness: Ground Zero 1." European Legacy 8, no. 1 (February 2003): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1084877032000066260.
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Ristić, Miroslav M., Marcelo Bourguignon, and Aleksandar S. Nastić. "Zero-Inflated NGINAR(1) process." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 48, no. 3 (February 23, 2018): 726–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2018.1435808.
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ARINAMI, Yuki, Shin-ichi AKABAYASHI, and Yajing FANG. "STUDY ON ZERO ENERGY HOUSE (PART 1): EVALUATION OF LIFE-CYCLE COST FOR ALL-ELECTRIFIED DETACHED ZEH." Journal of Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 86, no. 784 (June 30, 2021): 638–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aije.86.638.
41
Gounaris, G. J. "The spin-zero glueballs (C = + 1)." Nuclear Physics B 320, no. 2 (July 1989): 253–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(89)90251-4.
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Wang, Lan, Qiaoyan Zhang, Zheng Yan, Yanglan Tan, Runyue Zhu, Dianzhen Yu, Hua Yang, and Aibo Wu. "Occurrence and Quantitative Risk Assessment of Twelve Mycotoxins in Eggs and Chicken Tissues in China." Toxins 10, no. 11 (November 16, 2018): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10110477.
Abstract:
Aflatoxins (AFs), deoxynivalenols (DONs), and zearalenones (ZENs) are common mycotoxins that contaminate feedstuff, causing contamination of poultry products. In our study, these mycotoxins were quantified in 152 egg samples collected from markets in Jiangsu (JS), Zhejiang (ZJ), and Shanghai (SH) and in 70 chicken tissue samples (liver, heart, and gizzard) from ZJ in China. The main mycotoxins observed in egg samples were DON, 15-AcDON, and ZEN, although only ZEN family mycotoxins (ZEN, α-ZEL, β-ZEL, and α-ZAL) were detected in chicken tissues. Furthermore, for the first time, we assessed the health risks of exposure of three populations (children, adults, and elder adults) to DONs (DON, 3-AcDON, and 15-AcDON) and ZEN in eggs (from three different areas) and to ZEN in chicken tissues. We show that the mean dietary intake (DI) values and the 97.5th percentile DI values of DON and ZEN through egg ingestion were lower than the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) (1 μg/kg body weight (BW)/day) for the three populations in the three geographical areas studied. However, eggs contaminated with high levels of DONs and ZEN contributed to a large proportion of the PMTDI of these mycotoxins, especially in children and elder adults. Although ZEN was highly detected in the chicken tissues, no significant health risk was observed.
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Solomon, Bruce. "Projecting (N−1)-cycles to zero on hyperplanes in RN+1." Topology 43, no. 1 (January 2004): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-9383(03)00043-0.
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Shimomura, Takashi. "Zero-dimensional almost 1–1 extensions of odometers from graph coverings." Topology and its Applications 209 (August 2016): 63–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2016.05.018.
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Foerster, Claudia, Gisela Ríos-Gajardo, Patricia Gómez, Katherine Muñoz, Sandra Cortés, Carlos Maldonado, and Catterina Ferreccio. "Assessment of Mycotoxin Exposure in a Rural County of Chile by Urinary Biomarker Determination." Toxins 13, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13070439.
Abstract:
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN), and deoxynivalenol (DON) are frequent mycotoxins that may cause carcinogenic, mutagenic, estrogenic, or gastrointestinal effects. The aim of this study was to assess the exposure to and risk from AFB1, OTA, ZEN, and DON in 172 participants of the Maule Cohort (MAUCO) by a biomarker analysis in urine and to associate their exposure with food consumption and occupation. Mycotoxins in the first morning urine were analyzed by solid-phase extraction and quantified by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with a mass–mass detector. Participants’ information regarding food consumption, occupation, and other characteristics was obtained from a baseline and 2-year follow-up survey of the cohort. The prevalence and mean levels of mycotoxins in the urine were as follows: DON 63%, 60.7 (±78.7) ng/mL; AFB1 8%, 0.3 (±0.3) ng/mL; α-zearalenol (α-ZEL) 4.1%, 41.8 (±115) ng/mL; β-ZEL 3.5%, 17.4 (±16.1) ng/mL; AFM1 2%, 1.8 (±1.0) ng/mL; OTA 0.6% (1/172), 1.3 ng/mL; and ZEN 0.6%, 1.1 ng/mL. These results were translated into exposures of DON, ZEN, and aflatoxins of public health concern. Participants who consumed coffee and pepper the day before had a significantly greater presence of DON (OR: 2.3, CI95 1.17–4.96) and total ZEL (OR: 14.7, CI95 3.1–81.0), respectively, in their urine. Additionally, we observed associations between the habitual consumption of beer and DON (OR: 2.89, CI95 1.39–6.42). Regarding the levels of mycotoxins and the amount of food consumed, we found correlations between DON and nuts (p = 0.003), total ZEL and cereals (p = 0.01), and aflatoxins with capsicum powder (p = 0.03) and walnuts (p = 0.03). Occupation did not show an association with the presence of mycotoxins in urine.
46
Jones, Chris D., Thomas L. Frölicher, Charles Koven, Andrew H. MacDougall, H. Damon Matthews, Kirsten Zickfeld, Joeri Rogelj, et al. "The Zero Emissions Commitment Model Intercomparison Project (ZECMIP) contribution to C4MIP: quantifying committed climate changes following zero carbon emissions." Geoscientific Model Development 12, no. 10 (October 15, 2019): 4375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4375-2019.
Abstract:
Abstract. The amount of additional future temperature change following a complete cessation of CO2 emissions is a measure of the unrealized warming to which we are committed due to CO2 already emitted to the atmosphere. This “zero emissions commitment” (ZEC) is also an important quantity when estimating the remaining carbon budget – a limit on the total amount of CO2 emissions consistent with limiting global mean temperature at a particular level. In the recent IPCC Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 ∘C, the carbon budget framework used to calculate the remaining carbon budget for 1.5 ∘C included the assumption that the ZEC due to CO2 emissions is negligible and close to zero. Previous research has shown significant uncertainty even in the sign of the ZEC. To close this knowledge gap, we propose the Zero Emissions Commitment Model Intercomparison Project (ZECMIP), which will quantify the amount of unrealized temperature change that occurs after CO2 emissions cease and investigate the geophysical drivers behind this climate response. Quantitative information on ZEC is a key gap in our knowledge, and one that will not be addressed by currently planned CMIP6 simulations, yet it is crucial for verifying whether carbon budgets need to be adjusted to account for any unrealized temperature change resulting from past CO2 emissions. We request only one top-priority simulation from comprehensive general circulation Earth system models (ESMs) and Earth system models of intermediate complexity (EMICs) – a branch from the 1 % CO2 run with CO2 emissions set to zero at the point of 1000 PgC of total CO2 emissions in the simulation – with the possibility for additional simulations, if resources allow. ZECMIP is part of CMIP6, under joint sponsorship by C4MIP and CDRMIP, with associated experiment names to enable data submissions to the Earth System Grid Federation. All data will be published and made freely available.
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Holman, R., and S. Prem Kumar. "Gravitino zero modes on U(1)Rstrings." Physical Review D 55, no. 12 (June 15, 1997): 7942–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.55.7942.
48
Mannel, Thomas. "Higher order 1/mcorrections at zero recoil." Physical Review D 50, no. 1 (July 1, 1994): 428–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.50.428.
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Liu, Yan, Dehui Wang, Haixiang Zhang, and Ningzhong Shi. "Bivariate zero truncated Poisson INAR(1) process." Journal of the Korean Statistical Society 45, no. 2 (June 2016): 260–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jkss.2015.11.002.
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Kim, Yeweon, and Ki-Hyung Yu. "Study on the Certification Policy of Zero-Energy Buildings in Korea." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 24, 2020): 5172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12125172.
Abstract:
This study presents a methodology and process to establish a mandatory policy of zero-energy buildings (ZEBs) in Korea. To determine the mandatory level to acquire the rating of a ZEB in Korea, this study was conducted under the assumption that the criteria of ZEB was a top 5% building considering the building’s energy-efficiency rating, which was certified through a quantitative building energy analysis. A self-sufficiency rate was also proposed to strengthen the passive standard of the buildings as well as to encourage new and renewable energy production. Accordingly, zero-energy buildings (ZEBs) in Korea are defined as having 60 kWh/(m2·yr) of non-renewable primary energy (NRPE) consumption in residential buildings and 80 kWh/(m2·yr) in non-residential buildings, and the self-reliance rate should be more than 20% of the renewable energy consumption as compared to the total energy consumption of the buildings. In addition, the mandatory installation of building energy management systems (BEMS) was promoted to investigate the energy behavior in buildings to be certified as zero-energy in the future. This study also investigated the number of ZEB certificates during the demonstration period from 2017 to 2019 to analyze the energy demand, non-renewable primary energy, renewable primary energy, and self-sufficiency rate as compared to those under the previous standards. For ZEB Grade 1 as compared to the existing building energy-efficiency rating, the sum of the NRPE decreased more than 50%, and renewable energy consumption increased more than four times.