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1
Conca, Giovanni. "L'usine Brionvega de Marco Zanuso (1916-2001) Architecture, design, paysage." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASK016.
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Résumé : L'usine Brionvega (1963-1967), construite à Casella d'Asolo en Vénétie, représente l'une des architectures industrielles les plus intéressantes en Italie. Le projet, développé par l'architecte et designer milanais Marco Zanuso (1916-2001) avec l'ingénieur Silvano Zorzi et le paysagiste Pietro Porcinai, joue un rôle fondamental pour la compréhension du contexte culturel de l'architecture italienne de l'époque. Toutefois, l'originalité de l'usine réside aussi dans l'histoire de la célèbre société italienne d'électronique avec laquelle Zanuso a collaboré pendant plus de vingt-cinq ans, donnant vie à certaines des icônes du design moderne.Cette thèse doctorale se propose de faire connaître l'un des projets les plus significatifs de l'architecte milanais, en raison non seulement de sa qualité architecturale, mais aussi de la relation que l'usine Brionvega entretient avec son travail de designer. Le module-objet du pilier champignon qui organise le hall établit des similitudes conceptuelles et formelles avec certains objets conçus par Zanuso. Il est représentatif de sa « conception intégrée », largement adoptée dans ses projets, pour parvenir à une forme simple et synthétique. En outre, l'élégance de l'usine rappelle les lignes pures des produits Brionvega, dont beaucoup ont été réalisés par le designer milanais, et révèle également la manière dont l'évolution de la technologie, et du contexte culturel, transforme l'image du produit et celle de l'architecture.Notre recherche vise à mettre en évidence cette continuité entre design et architecture, et à comprendre comment Zanuso passe de la « poétique » du montage des usines en Amérique du Sud et du fauteuil Lady (1951) à la synthèse formelle et à l'abstraction de l'objet à l'ère de l'électronique, qui unit la simplicité du pilier champignon de l'usine Brionvega à la linéarité de la radio Cubo (1962) et du téléviseur Black (1969)Abstract : The Brionvega factory (1963-1967), built in Casella d'Asolo in the Veneto region, is one of the most interesting industrial architecture in Italy. This plan, developed by the Milanese architect and designer Marco Zanuso (1916-2001) in collaboration with the engineer Silvano Zorzi and the landscaper Pietro Pocinai, is fundamental to understanding the cultural context of Italian architecture during this period. However, the originality of the factory is not only about a building, but also about the story of the famous Italian electronic company which Zanuso worked with for more than twenty-five years, creating some of the icons of modern design.This doctoral thesis aims to shed light on one of the Milanese architect's most significant projects, because of its architectural quality and also because of the link between the Brionvega factory and his work as a designer. The module object of the mushroom pillar structuring the hall has conceptual and formal similarities with some objects designed by Zanuso. It represents its “built-in design” widely used in his projects in order to achieve a simple and synthetic form. Furthermore, the elegance of the factory reminds the pure lines of Brionvega's products - many of which have been designed by Marco Zanuso - and also shows the way the product and architecture's image is transformed by the technological and cultural context.Our research aims to highlight this continuity between design and architecture and also to understand how Zanuso went from the factory assembly's “poetry” in South America and from the armchair Lady (1951) to the formal synthesis and the object abstraction in the electronic age, which joins the simplicity of the Brionvega factory's mushroom pillar with the linearity of the radio Cubo (1962) and the television Black (1969)
2
Abrajevitch, Alexandra. "Paleomagnetism of the Dazhuqu terrane, Yarlung Zangbo suture zone, Southern Tibet." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42577020.
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3
Baradel, Valentina. "Zanino di Pietro nel contesto della cultura figurativa veneziana tra Tre e Quattrocento." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422317.
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The study is devoted to the painter Zanino di Pietro, who was mainly active in Venice between the 14th and 15th centuries. Indeed, this artist was an eminent personality of the Late Gothic period and took part to the transition of the artistic scene from the neo-Giottesque style to the International style introduced in the Lagoon by Gentile da Fabriano.
The goal of the research was to rebuild Zanino di Pietro’s catalogue, analyzing every artwork attributed to the painter and trying to resolve some critical issues or various attributions so far unresolved. The research was carried out deepening the master's artistic development together with his biography: from this viewpoint, the archival research made in different Italian cities has been an important part of the work. It has brought to light some unpublished documents concerning Zanino di Pietro’s links with patrons and the artistic context of his time. These findings have given the opportunity to identify more references and dates to support the reconstruction of his corpus. Furthermore, an important part of the study is dedicated to his workshop and the artistic influences that the painter received throughout his career.Lo studio è dedicato al pittore Zanino di Pietro, attivo principalmente nel contesto veneziano fra i secoli XIV e XV. Si tratta di un’importante personalità del periodo tardo-gotico e di un esponente di spicco del momento artistico che in laguna vide l’avvicendarsi di diverse tendenze pittoriche, dal neogiottismo della fine del Trecento alla maniera di Gentile da Fabriano. La ricerca ha ricostruito l’intero catalogo del pittore, analizzandone ogni opera e cercando di risolvere una serie di problematiche critiche o attribuzioni irrisolte: attività condotta approfondendo l’evoluzione artistica del maestro insieme alle sue vicende biografiche. La ricerca archivistica, svolta in diversi archivi italiani, ha permesso la scoperta di alcuni documenti inediti riguardanti i legami di Zanino con committenti e con la società del suo tempo. Questi ritrovamenti hanno quindi permesso di individuare più riferimenti e appigli cronologici utili alla ricostruzione del suo corpus. Inoltre un’importante parte dello studio è stata dedicata al funzionamento della sua bottega e alle influenze artistiche che il pittore recepì nel corso della sua carriera.
4
Rodrigues, Marisa Clemente. "Estimativas de heritabilidade e correlação genética para características morfométricas de zangão Apis mellifera L. africanizados." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/16894.
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Foram estimados parâmetros fenotípicos e genéticos para o peso e caraterísticas morfométricas à emergência e maturidade de zângãos africanizados de Apis mellifera L. Os dados foram submetidos a análises no domínio da estatística univariada (unicarater) e multivariada (multicarater) para estimar a (co) variância genética, a heritabilidade e as correlações genéticas usando o método Bayesiano. Neste domínio, utilizaram-se duas abordagens ao coeficiente de parentesco entre zângãos irmãos (0.50 e 0.75). Os resultados indicam a inexistência de diferenças relevantes entre as duas abordagens. As variáveis “peso à emergência”, “peso”, “comprimento total”, “comprimento do abdómen”, “comprimento e largura da asa” e “largura do tórax” à maturidade, quando avaliadas separadamente, podem ser utilizadas como critérios de seleção dado que a proporção da variância genética aditiva foi responsável por mais de 50% da variância fenotípica total. Verificou-se que o “peso à emergência” associado às restantes variáveis supracitadas, quando avaliadas à emergência dos zângãos, pode ser utilizado em programas de melhoramento genético animal, promovendo o aumento do valor genético individual. A seleção para o peso à emergência promete um elevado progresso genético para o peso à maturidade. A estimação de parâmetros genéticos para caraterísticas reprodutivas combinadas com caraterísticas morfométricas, devidamente apoiada por programas de seleção recorrendo à inseminação artificial, poderá contribuir para o melhor esclarecimento desta questão; Heritability and genetic correlation for morphometric traits of Apis mellifera L. africanized honeybee drones
ABSTRACT:
Phenotypic and genetic parameters were estimated for weight and morphometric traits at emergence and maturity of africanized honeybee drones of Apis mellifera L. Single-trait and two-trait models were used and parameters such as genetic variance, heritability and genetic correlations were estimated using a Bayesian approach. Two kinship coefficients between drones from the same queen were used (0.50 and 0.75). No relevant differences originate from using the two different kinship coefficients. Traits such as “weight at emergence”, “weight”, “total length”, “abdomen length”, “wing length and width” and “thorax width” at maturity, when considered individually, can be used as selection criteria because genetic variance for these traits accounted for more than 50% of the total phenotypic variance. The “emergence weight” combined with other traits assessed at drones' emergence can be used in breeding programs for the improvement of the aforementioned traits. Breeding selection for weight at emergence promises considerable genetic progress for weight at maturity. The combination of genetic parameters for reproductive and morphometric traits in drones properly supported by breeding programs relying on artificial insemination, for an effective mating control, will likely help in clarifying this possibility.
5
Ziabrev, Sergey. "Tectonic evolution of Dazhuqu and Bainang terranes, Yarlung Zangbo suture, Tibet as constrained by radiolarian biostratigraphy." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24729760.
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Bezard, Rachel. "Géologie et géochimie du massif ophiolitique de Xiugugabu de la zone de suture du Yarlung Zangbo, Tibet." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27695/27695.pdf.
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Dans l’optique d’étendre l’investigation géodynamique de la Zone de Suture du Yarlung Zangbo (ZSYZ) à sa section occidentale, une étude détaillée du massif ophiolitique de Xiugugabu a été effectuée. Il s’agit d’un segment mantellique de plus de 260 km2, juxtaposé par une petite unité de diabase sur son flanc Nord-Est (N-E), et qui repose sur le mélange tectonique situé au sud de la zone de suture. L’unité mantellique est constituée de péridotites recoupées par des filons-couches mafiques dans sa partie Sud. Les données de terrain, la pétrographie, la chimie minérale et la géochimie indiquent que les péridotites ont tout d’abord évolué dans un contexte d’arc intra-océanique où elles ont subit un métasomatisme cryptique. Elles ont été ensuite recoupées par les filons-couches mafiques d’affinité de bassin d’arrière-arc impliquant la remontée des péridotites par convection mantellique au niveau du Moho dans un contexte en extension de bassin d’arrière-arc. Les roches de l’unité de diabase possèdent une affinité d’OIB (de basalte d’île océanique). Elles se sont formées dans un contexte de point chaud intra-océanique et auraient été juxtaposées sur le flanc N-E du massif par des mouvements tectoniques orogéniques tardifs.
Des corrélations latérales entre les roches du massif de Xiugugabu et celles des ophiolites plus à l’est suggèrent que l’évolution géodynamique de la section centrale du bassin Néo-Téthys aurait été similaire dans sa partie occidentale.
7
Dupuis, Céline. "Pétrologie et géochimie des provinces mésozoïques téthysiennes reliées à la zone de suture du Yarlung Zangbo, Tibet." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22464/22464.pdf.
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Dans une problématique de réinterprétation géodynamique de la zone de suture
Yarlung Zangbo (ZSYZ) au sens large, la pétrographie, la chimie minérale et la li-
thogéochimie ont été effectuées sur des roches mafiques, ultramafiques et sédimentaires
provenant de trois unités géologiques situées immédiatement au sud des ophiolites de
la ZSYZ : le mélange ophiolitique crétacé précoce, le mélange de Yamdrock mésozoïque
et le flysch triasique tardif. La majorité des roches mafiques du mélange ophiolitique
montrent des caractéristiques géochimiques typiques d'un bassin d'arrière-arc, certaines
d'un arc intra-océanique. De même, les roches ultramafiques possèdent des caractéristiques
géochimiques qui suggèrent une origine dans un environnement de supra-subduction.
Ces caractéristiques varient selon le taux de fusion partielle et le degré d'interac-
tion magma-manteau enregistrés par les péridotites. Une analogie peut être faite avec
des systèmes océaniques modernes de type arc-bassin. Le mélange ophiolitique résulte
bien de la désagrégation des massifs ophiolitiques sus-jacents. Les roches mafiques du
mélange de Yamdrock montrent une affinité géochimique avec le magmatisme intra-
plaque océanique (de type OIB). Les roches mafiques du flysch triasique montrent une
signature géochimique double qui suggère qu'elles dérivent d'une même source magma-
tique intraplaque enrichie, mais qu'elles ont subi des processus d'assimilation et de cris-
tallisation fractionnée (ACF). Cette contamination crustale continentale semble résulter
de la dislocation de la Plaque Indienne lors de l'ouverture de l'Océan Néo-Téthys. Une
analogie peut être faite avec le point chaud de la Réunion, dans l'Océan Indien, et
les Trapps de Deccan, à l'ouest de l'Inde. Les roches sédimentaires de ces deux unités
possèdent une signature géochimique qui concorde avec un environnement de déposition
le long d'une marge passive et avec une source au niveau de la croûte continentale
supérieure ancienne de l'Inde. Les blocs mafiques d'affinité intraplaque induiraient une
contribution mafique et les batholites granitiques démembrés une contribution felsique
à la source de ces turbidites. L'évolution paléozoïque du bassin néo-téthysien a ainsi
été reconstituée en fonction de l'environnement tectonique défini pour chaque unité
géologique associée à la ZSYZ.
8
Bédard, Émilie. "Géologie et géochimie des massifs ophiolitiques de Saga et Sangsang de la zone de suture du Yarlung Zangbo, Tibet." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26079/26079.pdf.
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Les ophiolites de Saga et de Sangsang affleurent à l’ouest de la portion centrale de la ceinture ophiolitique de la Zone de Suture du Yarlung Zangbo (ZSYZ) au Tibet. Ces massifs semblent appartenir à un segment de zone de suprasubduction océanique tel que postulé pour les autres ophiolites de la portion Est de la ZSYZ. La chimie des roches mantelliques de ces deux massifs est toutefois très contrastée l’une de l’autre (fertile vs. réfractaire) et aussi lorsque comparée aux autres ophiolites de la ZSYZ, suggérant des histoires pétrogénétiques distinctes. Les relations de terrain et la géochimie indiquent que les ophiolites de Saga et de Sangsang ont été formées dans une configuration complexe arc – bassin arrière-arc où au moins deux plans de subduction intra-océaniques ont été actifs. Ces résultats permettent de mieux comprendre la morphologie de la zone de convergence avant les épisodes de collision qui ont mené à la configuration actuelle de la zone de suture.
9
Zanucco, Emanuele [Verfasser], and Ulf Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Rapp. "Role of oncogenic and wild type B-RAF in mouse lung tumor models / Emanuele Zanucco. Betreuer: Ulf R. Rapp." Würzburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Würzburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1022061216/34.
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10
Guilmette, Carl. "Petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of highly foliated amphibolites from the ophiolitic melange beneath the Yarlung zangbo ophiolites, Xigaze area, Tibet. Geodynamical implications." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22943/22943.pdf.
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On retrouve localement des amphibolites fortement foliées dans le mélange ophiolitique sous les massifs ophiolitiques de la Zone de Suture du Yarlung Zangbo (ZSYZ). Ces blocs représentent la partie supérieure d’une semelle métamorphique démembrée. La géochimie des amphibolites (La/Yb = 0.65-0.97, Ta/Th = 0.33-0.65) est similaire à celle des roches mafiques provenant de l’ophiolite, suggérant une origine dans le même bassin d’arrière-arc. Le métamorphisme de haut grade (P=14 kbars, T= 800°C) subit par les amphibolites suggère un enfouissement pendant la naissance d’une subduction. Les âges voisins des amphibolites et de la croûte ophiolitique (121-130 vs 120±10 et 126 Ma, respectivement) suggèrent que la naissance de la subduction s’est déroulée dans le bassin arrière-arc Néo-Téthysien. Un tel événement n’avait pas encore été rapporté. La présence de dikes et le métasomatisme tardif responsable de la cristallisation de préhnite pourraient indiquer la subduction d’un centre magmatique. La composition en isotopes stables du fluide responsable confirmerait une telle hypothèse.Blocks of highly foliated amphibolites are locally found within the serpentinite matrix mélange underlying the Yarlung Zangbo ophiolites near Bainang and Buma, Xigaze area, Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone (YZSZ), Tibet. The mélange is thought to be the result of the tectonic dismemberment of the base of the ophiolitic napes during its obduction over the Indian passive margin, circa 50 Ma. Prior to dismemberment, amphibolites were probably parts of a coherent dynamothermal sole, as observed at the base of many ophiolites. Sampled amphibolites can be subdivided in three groups: garnet, banded and common amphibolites. Medium-grained garnet amphibolites contain the assemblage A) Hb+CPX+Gt+Pl±Rt and B) Gt+Hb+Pl (corona assemblage). Fine to medium-grained banded amphibolites contain the assemblage C) Hb+CPX+Pl+Ep±Sp+Qtz+Ap. Fine-grained common amphibolites contain facies D) Hb+Pl±Ep+Ap+Sp. In all assemblages, plagioclase is pseudomorphosed by an albite-prehnite simplectite. Retrograde cataclastic veins contain the assemblage E) Ab+Pr±Ch+Ep. The geochemistry of the garnet, banded and common amphibolites is very similar to the geochemistry of other mafic blocks in the mélange and of mafic igneous rocks within the ophiolitic massifs. When compared to MORBs, light depletion of LREE (La/Yb = 0.65-0.97) and mild HFSE depletion (Ta/Th = 0.33-0.65) would suggest a mixing between the IAT and MORB sources, as seen in back-arc basins and nascent intra-oceanic arcs. The amphibolites were buried at the inception of a subduction within the back-arc to peak metamorphism conditions of 11-14 kbars and ~800 °C. Ar/Ar analysis of amphiboles revealed a metamorphic age of 121-130 Ma, which is synchronous with ages obtained from the overlying ophiolites. Overlapping in ophiolite-sole age relationship reveals inception of the subduction near or at the spreading center from which originated the ophiolite. Subduction of a buoyant body could explain heterogeneous coronitization of pyrope-rich (up to 35 %) garnet by Al-Tschermakites (Al2O3 up to 21 wt %) at high-pressures. After exhumation, amphibolites were injected by very fine-grained diabasic dykes and were subject to percolation of a prehnite-precipitating fluid. Oxygen stable isotopes suggest that a magmatic fluid is responsible for prehnite precipitation. The magmatic and metamorphic history of the dynamothermal sole and field relationships with adjacent units seem to indicate that most of Neo-Tethys oceanic domain was subducted along this new Late Cretaceous subduction zone.
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Guilmette, Carl. "Petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of highly foliated amphibolites from the ophiolitic mélange beneath the Yarlung Zangbo ophiolites, Xigaze area, Tibet : geodynamical implications." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18102.
Full textAbstract:
On retrouve localement des amphibolites fortement foliées dans le mélange ophiolitique sous les massifs ophiolitiques de la Zone de Suture du Yarlung Zangbo (ZSYZ). Ces blocs représentent la partie supérieure d’une semelle métamorphique démembrée. La géochimie des amphibolites (La/Yb = 0.65-0.97, Ta/Th = 0.33-0.65) est similaire à celle des roches mafiques provenant de l’ophiolite, suggérant une origine dans le même bassin d’arrière-arc. Le métamorphisme de haut grade (P=14 kbars, T= 800°C) subit par les amphibolites suggère un enfouissement pendant la naissance d’une subduction. Les âges voisins des amphibolites et de la croûte ophiolitique (121-130 vs 120±10 et 126 Ma, respectivement) suggèrent que la naissance de la subduction s’est déroulée dans le bassin arrière-arc Néo-Téthysien. Un tel événement n’avait pas encore été rapporté. La présence de dikes et le métasomatisme tardif responsable de la cristallisation de préhnite pourraient indiquer la subduction d’un centre magmatique. La composition en isotopes stables du fluide responsable confirmerait une telle hypothèse.Blocks of highly foliated amphibolites are locally found within the serpentinite matrix mélange underlying the Yarlung Zangbo ophiolites near Bainang and Buma, Xigaze area, Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone (YZSZ), Tibet. The mélange is thought to be the result of the tectonic dismemberment of the base of the ophiolitic napes during its obduction over the Indian passive margin, circa 50 Ma. Prior to dismemberment, amphibolites were probably parts of a coherent dynamothermal sole, as observed at the base of many ophiolites. Sampled amphibolites can be subdivided in three groups: garnet, banded and common amphibolites. Medium-grained garnet amphibolites contain the assemblage A) Hb+CPX+Gt+Pl±Rt and B) Gt+Hb+Pl (corona assemblage). Fine to medium-grained banded amphibolites contain the assemblage C) Hb+CPX+Pl+Ep±Sp+Qtz+Ap. Fine-grained common amphibolites contain facies D) Hb+Pl±Ep+Ap+Sp. In all assemblages, plagioclase is pseudomorphosed by an albite-prehnite simplectite. Retrograde cataclastic veins contain the assemblage E) Ab+Pr±Ch+Ep. The geochemistry of the garnet, banded and common amphibolites is very similar to the geochemistry of other mafic blocks in the mélange and of mafic igneous rocks within the ophiolitic massifs. When compared to MORBs, light depletion of LREE (La/Yb = 0.65-0.97) and mild HFSE depletion (Ta/Th = 0.33-0.65) would suggest a mixing between the IAT and MORB sources, as seen in back-arc basins and nascent intra-oceanic arcs. The amphibolites were buried at the inception of a subduction within the back-arc to peak metamorphism conditions of 11-14 kbars and ~800 °C. Ar/Ar analysis of amphiboles revealed a metamorphic age of 121-130 Ma, which is synchronous with ages obtained from the overlying ophiolites. Overlapping in ophiolite-sole age relationship reveals inception of the subduction near or at the spreading center from which originated the ophiolite. Subduction of a buoyant body could explain heterogeneous coronitization of pyrope-rich (up to 35 %) garnet by Al-Tschermakites (Al2O3 up to 21 wt %) at high-pressures. After exhumation, amphibolites were injected by very fine-grained diabasic dykes and were subject to percolation of a prehnite-precipitating fluid. Oxygen stable isotopes suggest that a magmatic fluid is responsible for prehnite precipitation. The magmatic and metamorphic history of the dynamothermal sole and field relationships with adjacent units seem to indicate that most of Neo-Tethys oceanic domain was subducted along this new Late Cretaceous subduction zone.
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Nzovo, Tiago Bassika. "Habitação social para além da sobrevivência: caso dos bairros Zango I e II em Luanda, Angola (2002- 2012)." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2012. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1358.
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The research problem presented in this dissertation rises from the promise made by the government of Angola which is to build, in the period of 2008 to 2012, one million habitation units at national level. This is a national project, announced during the parliamentary elections of 2008, a scene of destruction 26 years of civil war from 1976 to 2002. Such project has, among other objectives, to transform Angola into a prosperous country, where hunger and poverty has to be eradicated, by having an efficient administration and a strong, democratic and modern State, giving the Angolan people the highest standards of living and social welfare. The objective of this study was to describe the implementation of the Project Habitação um Desafio para Todos in the suburbs Zango I and II, located in Luanda, capital of Angola, from the perspective of individuals who were benefited by it. The methodology used in this research was based on a qualitative research which is supported by semistructured interviews, whose target audience were twenty-three people, including fourteen residents of the suburbs Zango I and II, and three residents of the old housing project in the Colonial District Congolese/Luanda. Five people of this project were also interviewed, including the general director of the NGO Action for Rural Development and Environment ANDRA. In addition, participative observations were made, as well as official documents were used from programs and projects of the Angolan government, including sources of national and international civil organizations. Among the main results, it is highlighted that the government decreased the target of one million homes to 350,091. The suburbs Zango I, II and III have recently ten thousand social habitation units and about 160,000 residents from the peripheral suburbs of the city, but there is still a lack of portable water and hospital, mainly. It was also observed that the part of the displaced population in the city centre is still accommodated in temporary shelters made of zinc sheets, in poor conditions, while they wait for the possession of their habitation units. Among the conclusions, it was observed that the way of planning and decisions extremely centralized in the top of the central government have contributed to the disorganization in the process of monitoring the quality of the work, as well as in the goal accomplishments, taking into account that if such scenery remains, the suburbs Zango I and II will be in the eminence of growing slums
O problema de pesquisa desta dissertação parte da promessa feita pelo governo de Angola em construir, no período dos anos 2008 a 2012, um milhão de habitações em nível nacional. Trata-se de um projeto de âmbito nacional, lançado no período da realização das eleições legislativas de 2008, em um cenário de destruição de 26 anos de guerra civil, de 1976 a 2002. Tal projeto visa, dentre outros objetivos, à transformação de Angola num país próspero, em que seja erradicada a fome e a miséria, com uma administração eficiente e um Estado forte, democrático e moderno, proporcionando ao povo angolano os mais altos padrões de vida e de bem estar social. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a implantação do projeto Habitação um desafio para todos , nos bairros Zango I e II, localizados na província de Luanda, capital da República de Angola, a partir da perspectiva dos sujeitos beneficiados pelo mesmo. A metodologia utilizada foi baseada na pesquisa qualitativa, com o apoio entrevistas semiestruturadas, cujo público alvo foi 23 atores, dos quais, quatorze moradores dos bairros Zango I e II, três moradores do antigo projeto habitacional colonial no bairro Congolenses/Luanda. Foram também entrevistados cinco responsáveis ligados ao projeto habitação um desafio para todos, e o Diretor Geral da ONG-Ação para o Desenvolvimento Rural e Ambiente ADRA. Por outro lado, ocorreram observações participativas, além de terem sido utilizados documentos oficiais de programas e projetos do governo angolano, bem como fontes de informação de organizações civis nacionais e internacionais. Entre os principais resultados, destaca-se que o governo diminuiu a meta de um milhão de habitações para 350.091. Os bairros Zangos I, II E III contam, atualmente, com dez mil habitações sociais e cerca de 160.000 moradores provenientes dos bairros periféricos da cidade, mas ainda há carência de água potável e hospitais principalmente. Verificou-se, também, que parte da população desalojada do centro da cidade ainda se encontra alojada em abrigos provisórios feitos de tendas e chapas de zinco, em condições carentes, enquanto aguardam pela posse da habitação. Entre as principais conclusões, constatou-se que, o planejamento e decisões extremamente centralizadas no topo do governo central têm contribuído nas falhas e desorganização no processo de fiscalização da qualidade das obras e no cumprimento das metas, acreditando que se tal cenário permanecer, Zangos estarão na eminência de favelização
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Croese, Sylvia. "Post-war state-led development at work in Angola : the Zango housing project in Luanda as a case study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85764.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation is a case study of the Zango social housing project in Luanda, the capital of the southern African state of Angola. Through an examination of the Zango project, which was born on the cusp of peace after nearly 30 years of civil war in 2002, I provide insight into the nature, workings and possible outcomes of post-war state-led development in Angola under non-democratic conditions. I do so by analyzing how the Angolan state ‘sees’ and does development, as well as how this development works. Empirically, this thesis argues that post-war state-led development is controlled by the Angolan presidency and financed and managed through extra-governmental arrangements. This both enables as well as limits state-led development as it allows for the maintenance of a gap between a ‘parallel’ and the formal state of Angola. In this process, local governments and citizens are largely side-lined as development actors. Yet, through an analysis of local governance and housing allocation arrangements in Zango, I show that the formal Angolan state is no empty shell and that its officials and those they engage with may operate in ways that take ownership of development directed from above. Theoretically, this thesis then argues for a research approach to the African state and state-led development that is empirically grounded.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis is ‘n gevallestudie van die Zango sosiale behuisingsprojek in Luanda, die hoofstad van die Suider-Afrikaanse staat van Angola. Ek poog om insig te gee in die aard, aktiwiteite en moontlike resultate van na-oologse staatsgeïnisieerde ontwikkeling in Angola onder nie-demokratiese toestande deur ‘n ontleding van die behuisingsprojek wat in 2002, met die aanbreek van vrede na die 30 jaar burgeroorlog, aangevang het. Dit word gedoen deur ‘n analise van hoe die Angolese staat ontwikkeling ‘sien’ en onderneem, sowel as hoe ontwikkeling ontplooi. Hierdie tesis redeneer dat empiries staatsgeleide ontwikkeling na die oorlog beheer word deur die Angolese Presidensie en gefinansieer en bestuur word deur buite-staatsinstellings. Dit fasiliteer sowel as beperk ontwikkeling omdat dit ‘n gaping tussen ‘n ‘parallele’ en die formele Angolese staat handhaaf. Hierdie proses sluit beide plaaslike regering en burgers grootliks as ontwikkelingsakteurs uit. Deur middel van ‘n ontleding van die plaaslike bestuur en die toekenning van wooneenhede in Zango, toon ek aan dat die formele staat tog nie ‘n lëe dop is nie en dat amptenare en ander betrokkenes eienaarskap van ontwikkeling gerig van bo kan neem. Dus, teoreties, word aanspraak gemaak vir ‘n benadering tot die staat en staatsgeïnisieerde ontwikkeling in Afrika wat empiries gefundeer is.
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Skagen, Kristin. "Liberation movements in Southern Africa : the ANC (South Africa) and ZANU (Zimbabwe) compared." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1984.
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Thesis MA (Political Science. International Studies))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.Liberation movements came into being across the entire African continent as a political response to colonisation. However, Africa has in this field, as in so many others, been largely understudied, in comparison to revolutionary movements in South America and South East Asia. While many case studies on specific liberation movements exist, very few are comparative in nature. This study will do precisely that using the framework of Thomas H. Greene. The resistance movements in South Africa and Zimbabwe, then Rhodesia, consisted of several organisations, but the ones that emerged as the most powerful and significant in the two countries were the ANC and ZANU respectively. Although their situations were similar in many ways, there were other factors that necessarily led to two very different liberation struggles. This study looks closer at these factors, why they were so, and what this meant for the two movements. It focuses on the different characteristics of the movements, dividing these into leadership, support base, ideology, organisation, strategies and external support. All revolutionary movements rely on these factors to varying degrees, depending on the conditions they are operating under. The ANC and ZANU both had to fight under very difficult and different circumstances, with oppressive minority regimes severely restricting their actions. This meant that the non-violent protests that initially were a great influence for the leadership of both movements – especially with the successes of Mahatma Gandhi in South Africa and India, inevitably had to give way to the more effective strategies of sabotage and armed struggle. Like other African resistance movements, nationalism was used as the main mobilising tool within the populations. In South Africa the struggle against apartheid was more complex and multidimensional than in Zimbabwe. Ultimately successful in their efforts, the ANC and ZANU both became the political parties that assumed power after liberation. This study does not extend to post-liberation problems.
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Pena, Tomé Manuel. "Uma visão da escola pela comunidade educativa - estudo de caso: escolas nºs 970, 9085 e 9131 - Zango-Viana-Luanda-Angola." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/11804.
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O presente trabalho de investigação, tem como objetivo estudar a forma como a Escola é vista pela comunidade educativa, tendo como referência as escolas n°s 970, 9085 e 9131, todas localizadas na Comuna do Zango, Município de Viana, Província de Luanda.
Tendo em conta o objetivo geral da dissertação e as questões de partida desta investigação, optámos por uma metodologia quantitativa, na forma de inquérito por questionário, porque se pretendia fazer um estudo que envolvia uma amostra de relativa dimensão e diversificada.
Dos resultados obtidos constatou-se que os profissionais ligados à educação, assim como os munícipes de uma maneira geral, estão preocupados com o verdadeiro papel da Escola, devido às debilidades existentes no sistema de educação e ensino em Angola. Assim sendo, reçalta a necessidade de um maior envolvimento dos diferentes atores educativos, com vista não só a melhorar o processo de educação no país, mas também, mudar a forma de perceção da Escola pela comunidade educativa.
Constatou-se, ainda, que a escola tem sido vista apenas como um local apropriado para o ensino-aprendizagem deixando de parte outras componentes de natureza educativa para as quais os atores acima mencionados deveriam concentrar a sua atenção, visando a melhoria do grau de perceção que a Comunidade Educativa deve ter da Escola; ### ABSTRACT: This research work aims to study how the school is seen by the educational community,with reference to schools Nos. 970, 9085 and 9131, all located in the Commune ofZango, Viana municipality, Luanda Province.
According to the methodology, questionnaire survey and interview it was concluded that the education professionals, as well as the citizens in general, are concerned with therole of the School assumes the Community School, due to weaknesses in the existingsystem education and teaching. Thus, there is a need for greater involvement of different educational actors in order not only to improve the process of education and teaching in the country, but also change the way of perception of the school by the educational community.
It was found also that the school has been seen only as an appropriate location for theteaching-learning setting aside other components of an educational nature, for which the actors should collaborate in order to improve the perception that the educational community School should have.
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Marongwe, Ngonidzashe. "Rural women as the invisible victims of militarised political violence: the case of Shurugwi district, Zimbabwe, 2000-2008." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4503.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDZimbabwe was beset by militarised politically-inspired violence between 2000 and 2008. How that violence has been imagined in terms of its causes, memorialisation and impact has been far from conclusive. As a derivative of this huge question that forms an important component of the framing for this dissertation, and to“visibilise” the subaltern, so to say, and to visualise “history from below”, I ask how the women of Shurugwi conceptualise it. This question has also polarised Zimbabweans into two, broadly the human rights and the redistributive, camps. But I ask, what do either of these frameworks enable or eclipse in the further understanding of the violence? Deploying genealogical and ethnographic approaches centred on the rural communities of Shurugwi that analyse the historical, socioeconomic and political factors that have engendered human rights abuses from pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial moments, the dissertation problematizes both discourses and invites a much more troubled analysis.As a way to complicate the reading and to attempt to open the analysis of the violence further, I draw on the theoretical insights from Michel Foucault’s theory on the relationship between power and war. Inverting Clausewitz’s aphorism of war as politics by other means, Foucault argues instead that politics is war by other means. This inversion allows for a nuancing of the connections between the violence and the Chimurenga trope in Zimbabwe. In this way, the labelling of farm takeovers and other force-driven indigenisation modes in the new millennium as the Third Chimurenga, I demonstrate, was not a mere emotive evocation, but was meant to situate the violence as the final stage in a sequence with, and in the same category of importance as, the earlier zvimurenga, that is the First and Second Chimurenga that targeted to uproot the colonial project. I thus argue that the violence represented, in a significant way, the continuation of war for ZANU-PF to retain power amid dwindling electoral returns. This mode further illuminates the deployment of the spectacles of punishment for the public disciplining of citizens to achieve their passivity. Throughout the dissertation the central and animating question is to what extent were women the invisible victims of the violence? This question attempts to interrogate the political role of women in the violence. I attend to this question by privileging the narratives of women. Also, by articulating an Africanist feminist discourse that contests the dominant western one which atemporalises, universalises and fixes victimhood with females, this dissertation invites a re-looking of the violence in a way that locates agency at the site of performance. In this way I show that women were not perpetual victims, but were also important political actors whose actions, however small, greatly extended the violence. To conclude, I propose the adoption of the “traditional” Shona practice of kuripa ngozi as a transitional justice mechanism to help stamp out the culture and cycles of violence and impunity that have scarred Zimbabwe especially from the late colonial to the post-colonial eras.
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Nkuubi, James. "When ‘Messiahs’ turn ‘Persecutors’ : reflecting on the blocked transition of liberation movements in Africa - case study of ZANU-PF." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/12465.
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The core question of the study is why, after 28 years of being in power, has the ZANU-PF
liberation movement failed to effectively make the transition to a democratic ZANU-PF
political party. The study adds to the debate on the role of liberation movements in the furthering of
human rights and democratisation in Africa by tackling the much ignored perspective of a
blocked transition that the movements such as the ZANU-PF are culpable for. Looks at what internal factors (within Zimbabwe) have contributed to this blocked
transition, examines how the behaviour or response of Zimbabwe’s regional neighbours (SADC), been a contributing factor to this dilemma and questions the extent to which the wider African continent been party to this mayhem of the ZANU-PF’s stalled transition.A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Gilles Cistac, Faculty of Law, Universidade Eduardo Modlande, Maputo, Mocambique.
Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2009.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Munguambe, Clinarete Victoria Luis. "Solidarity and the struggle for Zimbabwe: Zimbabwean African National Union (ZANU) in Mozambique (1975-1980) Clinarete." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5934.
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Magister Artium - MA (History)This dissertation examines the relationships of solidarity that developed between the Mozambican people and the Zimbabwean liberation movement ZANU, between 1975 and 1980, considering them in their multifarious aspects and attempting to understand the dynamics at work. Scholars have not paid sufficient attention to Mozambique's role as the host country of the Zimbabwean liberation movement. This dissertation is intended to fill this gap in the literature, by engaging critically with the history of ZANU-Mozambique relations, seen from the perspective of the Mozambicans themselves. My argument is that Mozambican support to ZANU was marked by a spirit of mutual cooperation and brotherhood between people who shared a similar historical and cultural background, which is a major factor behind the support offered by Mozambican people to ZANU. But, this solidarity was also the consequence of an authoritarian effort by the Mozambican ruling party, FRELIMO. to impose a specific political and ideological consciousness. This consciousness was shaped through the creation of legal instruments to ensure popular support such as the creation of the Solidarity Bank in 1976; by the use of an authoritarian discourse which relied on a 'vocabulary of ready-made ideas'1; and by the use of such methods as the cartoon figure, Xiconhoca, stigmatising all those who did not support solidarity with ZANU as traitors or sell-outs.
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Lipinska, Katarzyna. "Le cinéma en République populaire de Pologne : le cas de l'ensemble filmique TOR (1967-1981) : analyse des discours d'auteur et idéologique." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOL029/document.
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L'objet de cette thèse est une étude de cas d'un ensemble de production cinématographique polonaise dans la période communiste des années 1970 - TOR (Kieslowski, Zanussi, Rozewicz). Cette recherche met en avant l'autonomie créatrice de l'auteur-cinéaste face aux bouleversements de la politique culturelle qui a déterminé la production cinématographique dans un pays non-démocratique, à savoir la Pologne populaire des années 1970. La filmographie de TOR est homogène et ses films communiquent un discours d’auteur sur les thématiques existentielles et morales où l’individu occupe une place centrale. Comment a-t-il été possible de produire des films mettant l’individu au centre dans un pays où régnait un discours officiel exaltant le collectif ?The main subject of this thesis is a case study of Polish cinematographic production under the communist period in the 1970's called TOR (Kieslowski, Zanussi, Rozewicz). This research points out the author-filmmaker's creative autonomy confronted to the Cultural Policy upheavals which have determined film production in a non - democratic country : Polish People's Republic in the 1970s. The TOR filmography is homogeneous and its movies transmit the author-filmmaker's point of view about the existential and moral matters while the individual occupies the central place. How was it possible to produce films focused on the individual in a country where the political class and its collective policy occupied the central place?
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Nyakabawu, Shingirai. "The complexity of coordination in Zimbabwe’s power sharing government (2009-2013) : the case of green fuel and restructuring of the Zimbabwe Iron and Steel Company." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4724.
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Masters in Public Administration - MPAThis study examines the challenges of coordination in Zimbabwe’s power sharing government (2009 to 2013) between ZANU PF and the two MDC formations in the implementation of policies that cross ministerial jurisdictions under ministers from different political parties. The analysis was done through the theoretical lens of Shepsle and Laver (1996) that a cabinet minister as the political head of a major government department have the formal discretion of any policy issues under his jurisdiction and uses his or her own power to influence the substance of any specific proposals that matters within his or her own jurisdiction. I empirically examined the restructuring of the Zimbabwe Iron and Steel Company and the Green Fuel Project where the outcome of the projects required joint working between ministries controlled by different political parties. Green Fuel is a large scale ethanol producing factory constructed at a cost of US$600 million as a partnership between the Ministry of Agriculture and a private investor, but for the blended fuel to be consumed as an end product needed collaboration from the Ministry of Power and Energy Development to put out legislation enforcing mandatory blending. The Minister of Energy and Power Development ruled out mandatory blending of petrol and ethanol that left the US$600 million Green Fuels ethanol projector ground its operations and imperilled 5000 direct jobs the company had created arguing that the government does not make public policy for individuals and that the project was started without the consultation of the MDC. He also argued that the bio ethanol project affected communities in various ways including dispossession of their land, the slashing of their crops, killing of their cattle and the dispossession from their land. The restructuring of ZISCO entailed the partial sale of the government owned entity spearheaded by the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. It went through a bidding process and 54% of shares were transferred from the state to EAHL and it was renamed New Zim Steel at a ceremony presided over by the head of state. Critical to ZISCO resuming operations was the transfer of mineral rights and the Minister of Mines Obert Mpofu refused to do so arguing that he did not know about the ZISCO deal, was excluded from the negotiation process of the agreement deal despite that the agreement was concluded by cabinet. In both instances, policies that emanated from a ministry controlled by a minister of another political party did not achieve their horizontal objectives.
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Antonio, David Santos Marco. "Processos Celulares e Moleculares no Desenvolvimento do Sistema Visual em Operárias e Zangões de Apis mellifera." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17135/tde-22042013-103859/.
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Mecanismos que regem o desenvolvimento do olho composto e lóbulo óptico tem sido amplamente estudados em Drosophila melanogaster onde a retina é formada a partir de um disco imaginal anexado com o cérebro e os lóbulos opticos a partir do primórdio óptico externo. Através de histologia comparativa e análise de expressão gênica no desenvolvimento do sistema visual em Apis mellifera nós procuramos elucidar questões sobre plasticidade do desenvolvimento subjacente a fortes diferenças sexo- e casta-específico no olho assim como contribuir com aspectos evo-devo. O desenvolvimento dos lóbulos ópticos ocorre por dobramento neuroepitelial a partir de um centro de diferenciação no cérebro larval. Deste centro, a medula, lamina e lóbula surgem ao mesmo tempo em operárias e zangões. Dois passos marcam a diferenciação da lâmina (i) sua origem a partir da diferenciação de neuroblastos da camada mais externa da medula, isso coincidindo com o primeiro pico de expressão de roughest, e (ii) 24 horas mais tarde o aparecimento dos omatideos hexagonais coincidindo com o segundo pico de expressão de roughest. Com a inclusão de genes candidatos relacionados com o desenvolvimento do olho e lóbulos ópticos em insetos [small optic lobe (sol), eyes absent (eya), minibrain (mnb), sine oculis (so), embryonic lethal, abnormal vision (elav) e epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr)] nós encontramos distintos picos de expressão para sol, eya, mnb e so em níveis de transcritos e tempo de aparição do pico diferindo entre operárias e zangões. Enquanto estes quatro genes mostraram relativa sincronia durante o desenvolvimento em zangões, o mesmo não ocorreu em operárias. Além disso, em operárias sol é muito mais expresso na pré-pupa do que em zangões. Ambos os sexo mostraram padrões muito similares de expressão de elav, exceto por um atraso em zangões. Em contraste, a expressão de egfr ocorre antes em zangões. Durante a phase chave no desenvolvimento do sistema visual, uma análise global do transcriptoma, por meio de micro-arranjos mostrou vários genes relacionados com ciclo celular entre os diferencialmente expressos. Em conclusão, a relação entre tempo e eventos morfológicos com os padrões de expressão gênica revelou diferenças possivelmente relacionadas com mecanismos subjacentes ao desenvolvimento do sistema visual altamente dimorfico de Apis mellifera.Developmental mechanisms governing compound eye development in insects have been broadly studied in Drosophila melanogaster, where the retina is formed from an imaginal disc attached to the larval brain. However little is known about eye development in other insects, most of which do not have such imaginal eye discs. Through a comparative histological and gene expression analysis of eye development in the honey bee, Apis mellifera, we intended to elucidate questions about developmental plasticity underlying the marked sex and castespecific differences in eye size, as well as to contribute to evo-devo aspects. Optic lobe development occurs by neuroepithelial folding initiating from a differentiation center in the larval brain. From this center, the medula, lamina and lobula arise at the same time in drones and workers. Two steps mark the differentiation of the lamina (i) its origin from neuroblasts differentiating in the outer layer of the medula, this coinciding with the first peak of roughest expression during the feeding stage of the fifth larval instar, and (ii) 24 hours later, the appearance of hexagonal ommatidia, coinciding with a second peak in roughest expression. Upon including further candidate genes related to insect eye development [small optic lobe (sol), eyes absent (eya), minibrain (mnb), sine oculis (so), embryonic lethal, abnormal vision (elav) and epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr)] we found distinct expression peaks for sol, eya, mnb and so, with timing and relative transcript levels differing between drones and workers. Whereas these four genes showed a relatively synchronous pattern of expression in drones in the fifth larval instar, this was not so in workers. Furthermore, in prepupae sol was higher expressed in workers than the other three genes, and also in comparison to drones. Both sexes showed a strikingly similar expression pattern for elav, except for some delay in drones. In contrast, egfr expression was found to occur earlier in drones. Through a global transcriptom analysis, done at a key step of larval development, several genes were reveled as diffetentially expressed, many of these regulating cell cycle steps. In conclusion, the relationship in the timing of morphological events with gene expression patterns revealed differences possibly related to mechanisms underlying development of the highly dimorphic compound eye in the honey bee.
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Yokabel, Amanuel. "The Effect of International Organized Punishment of Foreign Policy : A study on the effects of sanctions imposed against the Government of Zimbabwe between 2002-2020." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-101472.
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In the early 2000 the government of Zimbabwe was targeted by sanction and restrictive measures imposed by the United States and the European Union. Sanctions have for decades been used as a method to delegitimize and isolate wrongdoers in order to promote democratic transitioning. Unfortunately, in many cases this foreing policy method has failed to transform authoritarian ruling into democracy as the intentions, purposes and outcomes of sanctions have not been aligned. With a methodological qualitative approach, this study will utilize a case study research design with an semi structured interview approach to investigate the effects of sanctions against the government of Zimbabwe. Does sanctions result in the desired outcome? What consequences are caused by the design of sanctions for third world states? Sanctions have challenged the Government of Zimbabwe’s response to economic crises, unemployment and polarisation of internal politics together with many other outcomes. However, the ZANU-PF leadership have surprisingly gained tremendous support in the south African region in their anti-imperialistic fight against the west. In addition, this study questions and criticizes the imposition of sanctions upon weaker states by wealthy and dominant nations in world politics. To support the argument that sanctions operate in contradiction to their intentions and purposes, a detailed empirical examination and analysis of these four categories will be presented: political effects, economy, internal conflict and policy making.
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Linnell, Zyto Aron. "Rebels in rule: the wartime origins of tolerance." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-339188.
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This comparative study analyzes two rebel groups that ended their respective civil wars through negotiations and came to power in the first post-war elections. The two cases being the African National Congress in South Africa and the Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front in Zimbabwe. Specifically the thesis examines rebel institutions and behaviors during armed conflict to assess in what ways they were tolerant or intolerant. The reason for the focus on tolerance and intolerance is that it is viewed as an important factor in how these two parties have related to political opposition after the war. This study shows that there are several similarities in terms of the presence of intolerance in the two cases, which leads to the conclusion that levels of tolerance during the armed conflict can not, on its own, explain the diverging paths of the two cases in the post-war period.
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Sibanda, Lovemore. "Who is Who in Zimbabwe's Armed Revolution? Representation of the ZAPU/ZIPRA and the ZANU/ZANLA in High School History Textbooks Narratives of the Liberation War." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505182/.
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The liberation war was a watershed event in the history of Zimbabwe. According to the ZANU PF (Zimbabwe African National Union Patriotic Front) ruling elites, an understanding of the common experiences of the people during the liberation war provides the best opportunity to mold a common national identity and consciousness. However, the representation of important historical events in a nation's history is problematic. At best events are manipulated for political purposes by the ruling elites, and at the worst they are distorted or exaggerated. In Zimbabwe, the representation of the ZAPU/ZIPRA and the ZANU/ZANLA as liberation movements in high school history textbooks during the armed struggle is a hot potato. This study critically examined and explored the contested "representational practices" of the ZAPU/ZIPRA and the ZANU/ZANLA as liberation movements during the Zimbabwean armed revolution. By means of qualitative content analysis, seven high school history textbooks from Zimbabwe were analyzed. Drawing from postcolonial perspectives and insights, particularly Fanon's concept of the pitfall of national consciousness, the study unveiled the way in which Zimbabwean high school textbooks portrayed the ZAPU/ZIPRA and the ZANU/ZANLA as very different liberation movements whose roles and contributions were unequal. High school textbooks depicted the ZANU/ZANLA as a radical revolutionary and people-oriented liberation movement totally committed to the armed struggle and the ZAPU/ZIPRA as a moderate party not dedicated to the armed revolution. In a nutshell, the high school history textbooks glorified and celebrated the political and military achievements of the ZANU/ZANLA and suppressed while not completely ignoring those of the ZAPU/ZIPRA. Although the findings of this study will not solve the problem of high school textbooks (mis) representation of the roles and contributions of the ZAPU/ZIPRA and the ZANU/ZANLA in the armed struggle, the study can serve as a "tool of resistance" by exposing the continual abuse and misuse of history education by postcolonial ruling elites to preservice teachers, classroom teachers, teacher education programs and textbook publishers.
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Guilmette, Carl. "High-P Granulite facies metamorphism from the tibetan plateau and the Himalaya: Metamorphic history and geochemistry of lower crustal and early subduction metamorphic rocks." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27631/27631.pdf.
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Vorobiev, Artem. "The Literature of Shibata Renzaburo and a New Perspective on Nihilism in Postwar Japan, 1945 – 1978." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511819753995335.
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Zvobgo, Tafadzwa. "Sociologie politique de la violence électorale au Zimbabwe." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0171.
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Cette thèse propose une analyse des enjeux socio-politiques liés au contrôle du capital guerrier dans le cadre des compétitions électorales. Plus précisément, ce travail a pour objectif, par l’étude de cas du Zimbabwe, de contribuer à une explication basée sur des individus et leurs actions comme cause fondamentale de la violence électorale. De manière descriptive, nous nous concentrons sur une analyse des caractéristiques liées au capital guerrier qui expliquent la configuration de la violence électorale au Zimbabwe lors des trois périodes électoraux de 2002 à 2013. D’abord, nous aborderons la construction de notre problématique. Nous y présenterons une revue de la littérature pour passer en revue les différentes théories et études sur la violence liée au vote. Nous verrons qu’elles tournent autour du lien de trois notions : la démocratie, les élections et le vote. Notre approche revient à éclaircir comment ce phénomène se passe et à appréhender les raisons pour lesquelles les acteurs la mettent en œuvre et y participent au lieu de rester pacifiques ou paisibles. Nous considérons qu’il est possible de bien comprendre les causes et dynamiques autour de la violence électorale par un regard plus approfondi porté sur le bourreau et la victime. Après, nous considèrerons comment le mouvement nationaliste et la guerre anticoloniale ont conduit à un système politique au Zimbabwe où la force et la violence étaient devenues les moyens principaux pour garantir la mobilisation et le châtiment lors des élections. D’un côté, nous montrerons que les stratégies nationalistes et de guérilla mise en œuvre durant les élections expliquent le déclenchement, la prolifération et la participation de ses associés et partisans à la violence électorale. Le déclenchement de la violence électorale intervient lors des étapes fragiles du cycle électoral des élections présidentielles du Zimbabwe, précédant le vote. Ces stratégies incluent la mobilisation de toutes ses mains d’œuvre pour la mise en place en œuvre de la violence (l’implication des acteurs étatiques et des partisans de la ZANU-PF) et la mise en place de ressources des guerriers nationalistes (sa tactique de ciblage de victimes, la modalité d’exécution des atouts des guerriers et la mise en œuvre du savoir-faire de la ZANU-PF). De l’autre, notre travail montre que les agressions ont des conséquences sur les institutions et le processus électoral du pays qui renforce, se renouvelle et se reproduit la violence électoraleThis dissertation studies the socio-political dynamics related to the control of what we refer to as war capital in the context of three presidential electoral periods from 2002 to 2013 in Zimbabwe. In addition, it examines the consequences of electoral violence on the country's institutions and electoral processes. Our approach focuses on clarifying how electoral violence occurs with respect to three key concepts: democracy, elections and voting. It identifies ZANU-PF perpetrators as the root cause of electoral violence. Through an analysis of ZANU-PF’s war capital, the nationalist movement and the anti-colonial war led to a political system in Zimbabwe where force and violence continue to be the primary means of ensuring mobilization and retribution during elections. Our main findings reveal that nationalist and guerrilla strategies implemented during the elections explain the triggering, proliferation and participation of protagonists in electoral violence. These strategies include the mobilisation of state actors and ZANU-PF supporters and the employment of ZANU-PF’s war capital. Furthermore, this study finds that electoral violence occurs primarily before the vote, during fragile stages of the electoral cycle of the presidential elections in Zimbabwe. The thesis also shows that the country's electoral institutions and processes reinforce and encourage the reproduction of electoral violence
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Cotte, Nathalie. "Détermination des variations latérales de la lithosphère par l'analyse des ondes de surface enregistrées par des réseaux régionaux." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00703264.
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Les ondes de surface de période 10-100 secondes sont sensibles à la rigidité de la lithosphère échantillonnée. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à l'étude des variations latérales de la lithosphère par l'analyse des ondes de surface. La longueur d'onde des variations latérales étudiées est de l'ordre de grandeur décakilométrique. Les méthodes habituellement utilisées avec des stations sismologiques espacées de plusieurs centaines de kilomètres ne sont donc plus satisfaisantes. C'est pourquoi nous avons développé des analyses dites de réseaux denses ou régionaux. Ainsi nous pouvons déterminer les variations latérales de la structure lithosphérique et étudier la propagation des ondes de surface à l'échelle régionale. Nous avons appliqué ces analyses de réseau pour trois études régionales différentes. Tout d'abord nous avons montré les variations brutales de la structure crustale de part et d'autre de la suture du Tsangpo au sud du plateau tibétain. Pour cela, nous avons analysé la vitesse de phase locale ainsi que les variations d'amplitude au travers de la suture. Au nord de la suture du Tsangpo nous avons déterminé une zone à moindre vitesse dans la croûte inférieure alors que nous ne l'observons pas au sud de la suture. Nous avons aussi étudié la lithosphère dans les Alpes françaises et nous avons montré qu'elle s'épaississait d'ouest en est, de 85 à plus de 200 km d'épaisseur sous l'axe de la chaîne alpine. Par ailleurs, nous nous sommes intéressés aux anomalies de la propagation des ondes de surface dans cette région en dissociant les effets dus aux échelles globale et locale. Finalement, nous avons aussi travaillé sur la zone de Sorgenfrei-Tornquist qui sépare l'Europe phanérozoïque à l'ouest de l'Europe paléozoïque à l'est. Nous montrons qu'au sud-ouest de cette zone la lithosphère est peu épaisse, autour de 50-100 km, et qu'au nord-est elle atteint une épaisseur supérieure à 200 km sous le bouclier baltique. Au niveau de la transition, la lithosphère est épaisse de 120 km .
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Coady, Allison Marie. "Examining the role of preventive diplomacy in South Africa’s foreign policy towards Zimbabwe, 2000-2009." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25681.
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The recent political conflict in Zimbabwe has attracted the attention of policymakers, academics and the media alike in the neighbouring countries of the region, across the African continent and internationally. While the story of an ageing African liberation hero turned dictator who, through autocratic rule, has governed his country and his people to the ground in order to maintain power is captivating, a key element of the fascination is the critical diplomatic role played by South Africa from 2000 onward. Foreign policy in post-apartheid South Africa on paper is driven by human rights and democracy, conflict prevention and conflict resolution through peaceful means, and the promotion of African interests in world affairs. However, after observing South Africa’s involvement in the Zimbabwe conflict between 2000 and 2009, South Africa’s foreign policy appears to be propelled more by African solidarity and sovereignty, anti-imperialism, and a softer interpretation of preventive diplomacy than its international counterparts. Thabo Mbeki’s preventive diplomacy toward Zimbabwe during his presidency was slow to produce results, lacked transparency and frustrated many, yet, when examined under a preventive diplomacy theoretical lens, Mbeki’s policy did eventually garner success through the signing of the Global Political Agreement (GPA) and the formation of an inclusive government in Zimbabwe. This dissertation examines the role of preventive diplomacy in South Africa’s foreign policy toward Zimbabwe under Mbeki’s leadership and determines the point at which South Africa switched from an approach of preventive diplomacy to one of conflict resolution and conflict management. The concept of ‘preventive diplomacy’ is often focused on government-to-government relations or the high level diplomacy of intergovernmental organizations such as the United Nations (UN). Multi-track diplomacy expands on this traditional interpretation and considers the preventive diplomacy contributions of a variety of non-state actors to the practice of conflict prevention. This dissertation uniquely moulds the preventive diplomacy theoretical framework of Michael Lund with Kumar Rupesinghe’s concept of multi-track diplomacy to form a more comprehensive illustration of the role of preventive diplomacy in the approach of multiple actors towards the Zimbabwe conflict. The more inclusive preventive diplomacy theoretical framework is then applied to the conflict in Zimbabwe between 2000 and 2009. Through the application of a preventive diplomacy framework which incorporates the concept of multi-track diplomacy it is then possible to observe the South African government’s preventive diplomacy approach toward Zimbabwe first between 2000 and 2007 and then as mandated by SADC between 2007 and 2009 and finally compare it with the diplomacy of multi-track actors such as the UN, Zimbabwe-based and South African-based civil society organizations, the Zimbabwean Diaspora, religious groups, and financial institutions. The examination of the larger role of preventive diplomacy in the Zimbabwe conflict situation leads to the understanding that each diplomatic effort is interlinked. Therefore the culminating event of the South African government’s preventive diplomacy approach in the Global Political Agreement could not have been achieved without the preventive diplomacy efforts of a multitude of actors who were also committed to preventing violence and finding a lasting solution to the conflict in Zimbabwe.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Political Sciences
unrestricted
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Scolaro, Glenda. "Il progetto nel restauro del moderno. La fabbrica Cedis a Palermo (Marco Zanuso, 1954-57)." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/100823.
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Blakely, Shantel. "The Responsibilities of the Architect: Mass Production and Modernism in the Work of Marco Zanuso 1936-1972." Thesis, 2011. https://doi.org/10.7916/D86Q245S.
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The topic of this dissertation is the significance of industrial design in the work of architect Marco Zanuso (1916-2001), who lived and practiced in Milan, Italy. As a leading architect, as well as a pioneer in industrial design in the early postwar period, Zanuso was a key protagonist in the relationship of postwar Italian architecture culture to industrialization and capitalism. He is therefore an indicative figure with respect to the broader shift from Modernism to Postmodernism in architecture. Whereas previous studies of Zanuso have addressed either his architecture or his industrial design, this study traces the mutual influence of these practices in Zanuso's early work. The four chapters examine a selection of his projects to reconstruct their relationships to concurrent discourses in Italian art, architecture, and industry. In addition, the chapters show how these projects can be understood as conceptual and practical benchmarks along the way to the eventual realization of a continuum of design from small to large scale, and especially an architecture in which the serial nature of mass production would be explicit. The first chapter, whose topic is Zanuso's relationship to Italian modern architecture between the two World Wars, relates his embrace of mass-production around 1946, in essays on prefabricated architecture, to his student work in the 1930s and to his first projects during Reconstruction, emphasizing the influence of the Gruppo 7, Giuseppe Pagano, and Ernesto Nathan Rogers. The second chapter, whose topic is architecture and art, looks at Zanuso's mural-covered Viale Gorizia building and other projects, and at his involvement in the "synthesis of the arts" discourse with adherents of the Italian
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Chen, Wen-Sheng, and 陳文生. "A study of Ni Zan’s literature and art." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10353166757735110756.
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CHO, YEN-MIAO, and 卓彥妙. "The Study of Ni Zan's Small Regular Script Creations." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5uj49f.
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碩士明道大學
中國文學學系(碩士班)
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This study will mainly focus on the small regular script creation method of Ni Zan. The related calligraphic literature review, his calligraphic theorization, and his influence towards the next calligraphers would all contribute to grasp the thought foundation of Ni Zan’s small regular script creations. In the meantime, it is surely important not to miss Ni Zan’s different calligraphic creating styles. The dividing of Ni Zan’sdifferent styles therefore shall be clear-cut, to understand his interests and tendencieson the different creating styles, as being a calligrapher of multi-faceted creations. For the depth of this study and for revealing the unique calligraphic styles and outstanding techniques of Ni Zan’s small regular script works, the thesis will try to find out Ni Zan’s calligraphy heritage with side-by-side simulation of his works and detailed illustration of his techniques, to reach the outcome of his real actualization on small regular script. Perhaps the calligraphic perspective of aesthetics of pure plainness could no longer interpret Ni Zan’s calligraphic creation sufficiently. For more comprehending Ni Zan’s aesthetics of creation language, the study will delve into his strokes and lines, character structures, and spatial arrangements, to secure the objective and rational interpretation on Ni Zan’s small regular script works
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LIU, CHIN-CHIEN, and 劉志建. "China-Indian Cross-Border River Dispute and Settlement-Taking the Yarlung Zangbo River as an Example." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3vgr4q.
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碩士國防大學
戰略研究所
107
The utilization and development of water resources has become the focus of non-traditional security in the world politics. There are many transnational rivers between China and India. Yarlung Zangbo River is the largest and most important cross-border river between China and India. It has not yet signed a bilateral water resource allocation agreement. This paper analyzes development proposals of both sides, the norms of international law and the case of international dispute settlement introduced with possible dispute resolution methods such as international law mechanism, bilateral relations, multilateral relations and international organization mechanism. Although this paper argues that China-India cross-border river water disputes should be resolved by bilateral relations, the unsolved territorial disputes and lack of political mutual trust on both sides would undermine it, thus, if bilateral mutual trust can be gradually enhanced through cooperation in other fields, then water resources issues might be solved.
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Zantsi, Nomahomba. "Beliefs and knowledge of isiXhosa speaking people about child sexual abuse in a rural area / Nomahomba Zantsi." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15826.
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The researcher is a member of the South African Police Service, attached to Family violence, Child protection and Sexual Offences Unit in the Eastern Cape, dealing with victims of child sexual abuse. It had come to the researcher’s attention that some children are being sexually abused by family relatives and some are sexually abused by the known people for different reasons which are based on their beliefs and knowledge about child sexual abuse. Most of these cases are of children who are living in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape. The numbers of such cases are increasing in Ngqeleni, Libode, Mqanduli, Mthatha and Lusikisiki; hence the study is based on those areas of the Eastern Cape. The people living in these areas speak isiXhosa. No study known of such has been conducted in this geographic area; it appears that this problem was never brought to light, at all. This matter of child sexual abuse in these areas was never addressed.
The aim of the research is to know more about the beliefs and knowledge of isiXhosa-speaking people regarding child sexual abuse in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape, and also to look at the strategies and programmes that can be implemented in order to make parents, children and the community at large of isiXhosa-speaking areas aware of child sexual abuse. Purposive sampling was conducted with Forensic Social workers at the South African Police Service, Social workers at Department of Social Development, and Social workers at Umtata Child Abuse Resource Centre, parents dealing with children and community members that are members of Lekgotla.
The research done in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape shows that the isiXhosa-speaking people of the rural areas of the Eastern Cape have little knowledge of child sexual abuse and those that indeed do know what to do are obstructed by their beliefs about child sexual abuse; hence they do not report it and some do not consider it as being sexual abuse. The people concerned working in these areas are
afraid to report incidents of child abuse, thinking that they will lose their job should they report the incidents to law enforcement agencies or to social workers. The study shows that neither awareness programmes were presented nor any education done in these areas about child sexual abuse.
Children in these areas are vulnerable due to ignorance, lack of knowledge, beliefs of their parents and the beliefs of the perpetrators and their lack knowledge. There is a vast need for extended programmes, awareness and education projects to be conducted by the social workers in Government and Non-Government organizations in the remote areas, at school, and in the communities of these areas. Teachers at pre-school and primary school levels and parents need to be educated on child sexual abuse. This study addressed the issue of child sexual abuse looking at the beliefs of isiXhosa-speaking people.MSW (Forensic Practice), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
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Pedro, Francisco António João. "A integração social dos desalojados da Ilha de Luanda, caso distrito do Zango - Viana." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/18713.
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A estabilidade política e social de Angola tem desencadeado um aumento do número de projetos em infraestruturas, que levam ao desalojamento de populações que, sem voz, são levadas para outros lugares por processos de realojamentos forçados, transformados em deslocados internos, em pleno período de paz e estabilidade política. Os bairros de realojamento surgem como resposta à necessidade social e politica de erradicar os bairros degradados que limitam a fronteira do asfalto entre a zona urbana e peri-urbana, ou ainda, o interior do urbano. No domínio social a preocupação centra-se nas condições básicas de vida da população realojada, mormente o acesso aos serviços sociais básicos e dos processos de desintegração que marcaram o seu quotidiano. No domínio político acrescem a estas preocupações a necessidade de reabilitação dos centros urbanos. Pretende-se com este trabalho abordar o processo de integração social dos desalojados da Ilha no distrito do Zango, comuna do Calumbo, município de Viana.
O objetivo geral do estudo consistiu em analisarmos o processo de integração social das famílias desalojadas da Ilha de Luanda e transferidas para o Distrito do Zango1, município de Viana no período de 2009 a 2012. Este estudo incorporou vários procedimentos teóricos e metodológicos. Realizamos a pesquisa e análise documental de diversos autores considerados na área de investigação. Incidiu na abordagem qualitativa, sendo que a técnica utilizada na recolha de dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada, orientada por um guião. Aplicou-se a análise de conteúdo, a qual foi organizada em categorias, assentando no cruzamento dos elementos teóricos com os elementos empíricos, de acordo com os objetivos definidos na pesquisa.
Concluímos que o processo de desalojamento e realojamento das populações da ilha não acompanhou os pressupostos legais e verificamos haver um retrocesso na vida das famílias e falta de serviços sociais básicos que lhes assegurem uma melhor integração social.The political and social stability in Angola has led to an increase in the number of infrastructure projects that lead to the displacement of populations who are displaced and forced and relocated, turned into people without voice and protection, in the middle of a period of peace and political stability. Re-housing districts arise in response to the social and political need to eradicate dishonored neighborhoods that limit the boundary between the urban and non-urban areas, or the urban interior. In the social domain, the concern is centered on the basic living conditions of the household population, especially access to basic social services and the processes of disintegration that marked their daily lives. In the policy area, the need to rehabilitate urban centers is compounded by these concerns. This work intends to address the process of social integration of the displaced people of the Island in the district of Zango, commune of Calumbo, municipality of Viana. The general objective of the study was to analyze the process of social integration of displaced families from Luanda Island and transferred to the District of Zango, municipality of Viana from 2009 to 2012. This study incorporated several theoretical and methodological procedures. We conduct the research and documentary analysis of several authors considered in the research area. Focused on the qualitative approach, and the technique used in the data collection was the semi-structured interview, guided by a script. The content analysis was applied, which was organized into categories, based on the intersection of the theoretical elements with the empirical elements, according to the objectives defined in the research. We conclude that the process of displacement and resettlement of the island's population did not follow the legal conditions and there was a setback in the lives of families and lack of basic social services that ensure a better social integration.
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"Tra(n)zando identidades: Colombian neighborhoods, images, and narratives from narco-trafficking to beauty queens." Tulane University, 2008.
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This dissertation is a study of the ways in which representations of Colombians in the United States have changed since the initiation of the drug wars in the late 1970s. Framing the study within the last three decades of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st, I analyze the various images of Colombians, both in the United States and out, that have been presented in film, literature, and news media to bolster the perception of Colombians as narco-traffickers and drug runners. By investigating the portrayals that have occupied dominant representations of Colombians in the U.S. since the 1970s, I present the increasingly evolving ways in which they are seen and in which they represent themselves in film, literature, and cultural events, such as beauty pageants. The study's conclusions explain that the increasing Colombian immigration to the United States, along with a deliberate effort by international organizations of Colombians to alter the ways in which they are presented in popular media explain the various representations that have emerged in the 21st centuryacase@tulane.edu
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Palhares, Gabriela da Natividade Moreira. "O processo de realojamento e a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos habitantes do Zango III." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/6150.
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A presente investigação tem como principal objectivo compreender o impacto psicossocial do processo de realojamento no bem-estar das pessoas realojadas no ZangoIII. Pretendemos determinar se a avaliação que estes fazem da sua qualidade de vida após o realojamento está associada à vinculação ao lugar anterior. A amostra utilizada foi constituída por 72 indivíduos que passaram pelo processo de realojamento e vivem actualmente no Zango III.
Para o efeito, utilizou-se a metodologia quantitativa; tendo sidas elaboradas questões e respectiva avaliação relativas à caracterização do realojamento. Relativamente à medição da satisfação residencial utilizou-se a escala adaptada de Amérigo (1995); para avaliar a vinculação ao lugar utilizou-se a escala adaptada de Hidalgo e Hernandéz (2007); e para mediar a adaptação à nova situação utilizou- se indicadores relativos a saúde, ao bem-estar subjectivo e relacionamento. A escala de percepção de saúde foi adaptada de European Social Survey, a escala de bem-estar subjectivo foi de Diener (2000) e a escala de solidão e relacionamento foi adaptada de Hughes (2004).
Os principais resultados deste estudo revelaram uma má avaliação do processo de realojamento por parte dos participantes, pois estes declararam ter sido feito com pouca preparação e apoio, e estar mais satisfeitos com o alojamento anterior em comparação com o actual. Os indivíduos que avaliaram melhor o realojamento actual são aqueles que percepcionaram melhor a saúde, o bem-estar subjectivo e os mais vinculados ao novo lugar.This research is aimed mainly at understanding the psychosocial impact of the relocation process in the welfare of the people rehoused in Zango III. It is intended to determine whether the assessment they make their quality of life after resettlement is associated with attachment to the place before. The sample consisted of 72 individuals who went through the process of resettlement and currently live in Zango III. For this purpose, we used the measurement method; having sidas prepared questions and their evaluation concerning the characterization of relocation. Regarding the measurement of satisfaction residential used to scale adapted Amérigo (1995); to assess binding to place scale was used and adapted from Hernandéz Hidalgo (2007), and to mediate the adaptation to the new situation was used indicators relating to health, well-being and subjective relationship. The scale of health perception was adapted from European Social Survey, the scale of subjective well-being was Diener (2000) and the scale of loneliness and relationship was adapted from Hughes (2004). The main results of this study revealed a poor assessment of the relocation process by the participants, as they claimed to have been done with little preparation and support, and be more satisfied with the accommodation earlier compared with the current. Individuals who rated best current resettlement are those perceiving better health, subjective well-being and more linked to the new place.
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"Petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of highly foliated amphibolites from the ophiolitic melange beneath the Yarlung zangbo ophiolites, Xigaze area, Tibet. Geodynamical implications." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22943/22943.pdf.
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Chitukutuku, Edmore. "The search for political legitimacy : ZANU-PF's mobilization techniques in contemporary Zimbabwe." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/12901.
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This research took an ethnographic view in understanding the relationship between rural people and ZANU-PF in post-2000 Bindura South electoral constituency in Zimbabwe. I seek to understand the complexity with which rural people come to make political choices through discussing ZANU-PF’s techniques in the maintenance of political power despite the loss of political legitimacy. The complicity between ZANU-PF and rural people is uncomfortably created through these techniques which include mobilizing historical claims, youth violence on villagers, partisan distribution of economic resources, surveillance and spying to create subjects who conform to ZANU-PF’s political will. I have argued that rural people’s circumstances should be understood through an analysis of their everyday lives and livelihoods. Findings have shown that rural people make political choices because they are life choices there are slight possibilities for alternative political action in rural Zimbabwe.
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Dendere, Chipo. "The Impact of Voter Exit on Party Survival: Evidence from Zimbabwe's ZANU-PF." 2015. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/political_science_diss/38.
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This dissertation considers the impact of voter exit on the survival of incumbent regimes. I argue that voters exit the political process as a result of emigration or political violence. Using the example of Zimbabwe, I argue that ZANU-PF benefited from the exit of nearly four million Zimbabweans who emigrated outside the country in response to declining economic conditions and who exited the political system as a result of violence.
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Gregory, Christopher Ivan. "The impact of ideology on Zimbabwe's foreign relations (1980-1987)." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/16704.
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Mangani, Dylan Yanamo. "Changes in the Conception of Nationalism in Zimbwabwe: A Comparative Analysis of ZAPU and ZANU Liberation Movements 1977-1990." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1525.
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PhD (Political Science)Department of Development Studies
No serious study into the contemporary politics of Zimbabwe can ignore the celebrated influence of nationalism and the attendant role of elite leaders as a ‘social force’ in the making of the nation-state of Zimbabwe. This study analyses the role played by nationalism as an instrument for political mobilisation against the white settler regime in Rhodesia by the Zimbabwe African People Union (ZAPU) and the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU). Therefore, of particular importance is the manner in which the evolution and comprehensive analysis of these former liberation movements, in the political history of Zimbabwe have been viewed through the dominant lenses of nationalism. Nationalism can be regarded as the best set of beliefs and the worst set of beliefs. Being an exhilarating force that led to the emergence of these nationalist movements to dismantle white minority rule, nationalism was also the same force that was responsible for dashing the dreams and hopes associated with an independent Zimbabwe. At the centre of this thesis is the argument that there is a fault line in the manner in which nationalism is understood as such it continued to be constructed and contested. In the study, nationalism has been propagated as contending political narratives, and the nationalist elite leaders are presented as a social force that sought to construct the nation-state of Zimbabwe. Thus, the study is particularly interested in a comparative analysis of the competing narratives of nationalism between ZAPU and ZANU between the period of 1977 and 1990. This period is a very important time frame in the turning points on the nationalist political history of Zimbabwe. Firstly, the beginning of this period saw the struggle for the liberation of Zimbabwe climax because of concerted efforts by both ZAPU and ZANU. Secondly, the conclusion of this period saw the death of ZAPU as an alternative to multi-party democracy within the nationalist sense and the subsequent emergence of a dominant socialist one-party state. Methodologically, a qualitative approach has been employed where the researcher analysed documents.
NRF
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Chitukutuku, Edmore. "Re-living liberation war militia bases: violence, history and the making of political subjectivies in Zimbabwe." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/24498.
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Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology), March 2017In this study, I explore the ways in which legacies of how and where the Zimbabwean liberation war was fought, the landscapes of the struggle, and the violence associated with it were invoked at district and village level by ZANU PF as it sought to instill loyalty, fear and discipline through its supporters and the youth militia. Although they were invoking memories of former guerrilla bases, and the violence often associated with them, the bases set up by ZANU-PF youth militia in 2008 were not established on the actual sites of former guerrilla camps. However, since then, ZANU-PF war veterans in the Zimbabwe National Army (ZNA) have been returning to the actual sites of the 1970s liberation war guerrilla bases in order to teach senior staff the history of the liberation struggle, drawing together former liberation war collaborators or ‘messengers’ who assisted guerrilla fighters during the war, as well as contemporary unemployed ZANU-PF youth. They used these often highly choreographed events to talk about battles during war, to perform liberation songs, and to explain how ancestors assisted them during the struggle. I examine these recent events, and argue that both the establishment of the new militia bases in the post-2000 period, and invocation of the old, former guerrilla bases dating to the Chimurenga period are deliberate efforts by ZANU-PF to make violence, geography and landscapes do political/ideological work by forging political subjectivities and loyalties that sustain its rule. In stressing these continuities between the 1970s guerrilla bases, and their invocation and reproduction in post-2000 Zimbabwe, I am interested in what the base enables and does in terms of the formation of political subjectivities. I aim to show through critical analysis of the political history and local accounts of the second Chimurenga why political subjectivity and the base are important in the re-examination of both the history and the literature on this history. The base allows for a sophisticated reading of political subjectivity in that it was the space through which the grand narrative of the liberation struggle hit the ground, entered into people’s homes, and constituted a complex relationship between political education, conscientisation, freedom and violence. The liberation war base was meant to make people inhabit subjectivities characterized by bravery, resistance, and resilience when fighting the might of Rhodesian army. In the post-colonial context, the base served the purpose of annihilating the kind of rebellious subjectivities inhabited during the liberation war and replacing them with those characterized by fear, pretense, and quietude. This substitution explains the subjectivities that exist in the post-independence rural population and reveals the purpose that electoral violence has served in Zimbabwe’s post-independence period, especially through the base. However people have also engaged with these landscapes outside of ZANU-PF politicking and this has produced critical subjectivities where people challenge ZANU-PF dominant narratives.
GR2018
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Kuzhanga, Terry Tafadzwa. "Non-governmental organisations' role in conflict transformation : the case of Zimbabwe since the inception of the Government of National Unity, 2009-2012." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11412.
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Zimbabwe as a country has successively been faced with a number of challenges that others argue to be a result of either poor governance or colonial imbalances. However, despite the contestation with regards to the cause of the crisis situation, several armed struggles continued to wreck the economy. This continuous collapse of the economy resulted in the ruling government slowly becoming unpopular to the people, thus it paved way to the formation of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC); an opposition political party to the dominant Zimbabwe African National Union –Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF). The formation of the opposition party then triggered tensions, which later saw the March 2008 elections’ tension calling for a power-sharing agreement. Therefore, it is against this background that the research critically examines the role played by Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) in conflict transformation since the formation of the unity government. In addition, the study is also conducted against the background of scholarly interest to understand the relationship between CSOs and the Zimbabwean government, during the period that marked the introduction of the inclusive government 2009-2012. The study will also look at the key competencies of CSOs, which are complimentary to the process of conflict transformation and further outline the need for active participation from CSOs and other stakeholders to the process. In addition, it is worth noting that while CSOs make numerous attempts to vigorously participate in conflict transformation, factors such as restrictive government policies, lack of funding and government interference continually undermines their contribution. Autonomous and sustainable operations of CSOs in such limiting environments is virtually impossible hence, there is need for drastic measures to be employed in order to address this contradiction.Thesis (M.Com.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2013.
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Mapara, Jacob. "An analysis of the reliability and validity of the Shona novel as a historical document." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1341.
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A lot of research on the Shona novel has focussed on the influence of orature and the Bible. It has also focused on the influence that the Southern Rhodesia Literature Bureau had on its development. This research has endeavoured to highlight the reliability and validity of the Shona novel as a historical document. The dependability of the novel as an alternative site from which history can be deciphered is corroborated by historical documents. The history that comes out in the Shona novels that have been studied covers the pre-colonial period right up to the post-independence period. Among the issues that come up in the research that relate to history are the Rozvi state under Chirisamhuru, the economic activities in pre-colonial Shona society that include raids for cattle and women as well as hunting and external trade. The Shona novel has also proved historically reliable in as far as it relates to the navigability of the Save River. It has highlighted the living conditions and the wages that Blacks got in colonial Rhodesia and exposed the land imbalances that came into existence because of the Land Apportionment Act of 1930, which left Blacks living on the periphery and in overcrowded, hot and dry reserves that were hardly fertile. The Rhodesian authorities, as the novels have exposed, denied most Blacks access to education. When schools were provided, they were poorly staffed and those on farms functioned more as labour pools than schools. The novel has also proved its dependability when it highlights the early days of the nationalist movement and the unilateral declaration of independence of 1965. It has also brought to the fore the birth of the armed struggle and the Rhodesian responses to it. The Rhodesians responded politically and militarily. Politically, it was through the Internal Settlement Agreement of March 1978. Militarily they moved people into 'protected villages' in an effort to deny guerrillas access to food and clothing. The novel also highlights the post-independence period especially political intolerance.African Languages
D.Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)
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Gadzikwa, Wellington. "Tabloidisation and the coverage of political issues in Zimbabwe - the case of Joice Mujuru." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24739.
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The study critically explored the tabloidisation of political news in Zimbabwe by focussing on the coverage of the expulsion of Joice Mujuru from ZANU PF and government by selected newspapers. The study analysed three national dailies across the ownership divide; The Herald, Daily News and NewsDay. The objective of the study was to establish whether or not the decline in standards of journalism and performance in Zimbabwe could be attributed to tabloidisation. The study employed a qualitative methodology through qualitative content analysis and in-depth interviews to assess whether the framing reflected tabloid or broadsheet journalism styles. The framing of Joice Mujuru by The Herald was pejorative and derisive as she was depicted as corrupt, traitor, inept and a simplistic thinker who cannot handle issues to do with statecraft. Daily News sympathised with Joice Mujuru as a victim of chauvinistic factional politics in ZANU PF, especially, after the death of her husband, General Solomon Mujuru. The study argued that Joice was also depicted as a brave leader who could challenge for the office of the president, if she formed a coalition with MDC –T leader Morgan Tsvangirai. Daily News sought to counter all the negative framing of Joice Mujuru by The Herald. NewsDay framing was sympathetic, like Daily News but was more inclined on creating an image of a moderate leader in Mujuru, one who would be acceptable to all Zimbabweans because she had the critical liberation war credentials that Tsvangirai lacked and Mujuru’s perceived abilities to extricate the country from the economic challenges by mending relationships with the West. Despite the diametrically opposed frames in terms of The Herald versus Daily News and NewsDay, all the newspapers are undergoing the damaging process of tabloidisation by employing tabloid styles and formatting in their political news coverage through sensationalism, trivialisation and emotionalism. It was argued that the media needs self-introspection and recommitment to ethical and objective journalism as the watchdogs of society.Communication
D. Litt. et Phil. (Communication)
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Alexander, Pauline Ingrid. "A story that would (O)therwise not have been told." Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1764.
Full textAbstract:
My mini-dissertation gives the autobiography of Talent Nyathi, who was born in rural Zimbabwe in 1961. Talent was unwillingly conscripted into the Zimbabwean Liberation Struggle. On her return to Zimbabwe, she has worked tirelessly for the education of her compatriots.
Talent's story casts light on subject-formation in conditions of difficulty, suffering and victimization. Doubly oppressed by her race and gender, Talent has nevertheless shown a remarkable capacity for self-empowerment and the empowerment of others.
Her story needs to be heard because it will inspire other women and other S/subjects and because it is a corrective to both the notions of a heroic Struggle and the `victim' stereotype of Africa.
Together with Talent's autobiography, my mini-dissertation offers extensive notes that situate her life story in the context of contemporary postcolonial, literary and gender theory and further draws out the significance of her individual `history-from-below'.English Studies
M.A.
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Chirombe, James. "The interface of music and politics : exposition of Tongai Moyo and Hosiah Chipanga's post 2000 music." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25540.
Full textAbstract:
The research is an Afrocentric engagement that analyses selected songs by Tongai Moyo and Hosiah Chipanga in post-independence Zimbabwe. The study is informed by Afrocentricity, which provides the theoretical anchorage to the exposition and elucidation of the pursuit for independence, liberation and freedom of Zimbabweans in the post-independence era. The study analyses selected sungura songs composed and sung by Hosiah Chipanga and Tongai Moyo in post-2000 era. The study indicates that post-independence Zimbabwe of 2000 to
2010 reflects a decade of crisis. The exposition unfolds through a critical exegesis of selected songs by these sungura artists. The two sungura musicians are among the leading musical voices in Zimbabwe. The study is largely qualitative in nature and used interviews and questionnaires to solicit information from research participants. Respondents comprise musicians, music producers and academics in the Zimbabwe. The study stimulates more interest and research in sungura music as well as illuminating the significance of their messages to ongoing debates on the Zimbabwean crisis/crises thereby establishing the relationship between music and politics. This position is made against the backdrop of their commitment and courageous efforts by such protest musicians to comment on ‘big’ political and economic issues seriously affecting the performance of Zimbabwean economy. The study also establishes that cronyism, patronage and corruption have become major industries of the day in Africa. Through fighting for the voiceless masses, the study argues that Zimbabwe is faced by the crisis of governance and the nation has taken the medals of humiliating its own people. Pertaining to the leadership crisis in Zimbabwe, the study also shows that musicians who include Hosiah Chipanga and Tongai Moyo insinuate that the deep seated Zimbabwean challenges are a manifestation of a nation that is parentless. In their protest music, the artists reiterate that poverty, hunger, diseases and other forms of sufferings that the country encountered and continue to face are a sign of a country that is an orphan implying the dearth of people centred leadership. Additionally, findings from the study show that the land issue is one of the commonly identified factors that are ascribed to partial independence in Zimbabwe translating into crisis. The land question invited attention from Hosiah Chipanga as reflected in his post-2000 music where he suggests that Zimbabweans were to a larger extent betrayed by ZANU (PF) leadership.Linguistics and Modern Languages
D. Phil. (Languages, Linguistics and Literature)