Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Zār'
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Farazdaq, Rajaa. "Cartographie satellitaire et topographie numerique : application aux hercynides marocaines (jebilet, zaer et bas-draa)." Université de Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN10094.
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Cette etude est destinee a evaluer l'interet des donnees satellitaires spot associees a la topographie numerique (mnt) pour la realisation d'une carte geologique en domaines plisses et failles (jebilet, zaer et bas-draa ; maroc hercynien). Les principales structures sont facilement extraites des images spot multibandes xs et panchromatiques p, grace a l'utilisation des outils classiques du traitement d'image (amelioration de la dynamique, filtrages, extraction de contours, compositions colorees, etc. ). Pour les structures plus difficiles a detecter et pour certaines differenciations lithologiques, d'autres moyens ont ete utilises tels que la texture d'image, les transformations hue - intensity - saturation (his) et brillance - vegetation - couleur (bvc), la rugosite spectrale, la classification spectrale, les rapports de canaux, etc. L'integration du mnt aux donnees satellitaires permet la visualisation en perspective et la realisation d'anaglyphes stereoscopiques mnt. La tectonique recente est parfois mise en evidence a l'aide de la topographie numerisee. Chaque type de traitement permet d'extraire une partie de l'information sous forme de contours limitant les domaines, qui doivent etre indexes sur le terrain ou a l'aide des documents geologiques. Ceci permet de realiser des documents qui aident a realiser un document cartographique plus precis que les cartes existantes par l'addition des divers contours et l'interpretation en perspective a l'aide du mnt. Les massifs des jebilet, zaer et bas-draa sont pris comme exemples a cause de leurs diversites lithologiques et structurales.
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Zar, Tahira [Verfasser]. "Modification of Neuroblastoma - immune interactions by Extracellular RNA (exRNA) / Tahira Zar." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1230476334/34.
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Battain, Tiziana. "Le zar, rituel de possession en egypte : de la souffrance a l'accomplissement." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0017.
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La these est basee sur l'observation des rites et l'enquete intensive parmi les adeptes du zar dans la region du caire et constitue une contribution importante a la comprehension des rituels de possession dans le monde arabo-musulman. Le zar egyptien concerne surtout les femmes de toute classe et age et possede une grande flexibilite qui lui a permis de s'adapter au contexte egyptien et a l'evolution de ce pays durant le 20e siecle. Le rituel est etudie non dans ses fonctions sociales ou psychologiques mais dans sa structure, c'est a dire a travers ses mecanismes propres mettant en relation les agents du rite, les esprits, la novice, l'officiante. La logique rituelle implique la transformation du rapport de l'homme au monde surnaturel, de sa relation aux esprits et a la divinite. Cette transformation est operee par les rites initiatiques, pouvant prendre plusieurs annees, et aboutit a l'accomplissement spirituel de l'adepte. De possedee elle devient adepte et enfin officiante (kudiya), en passant par differentes etapes rituelles, qui permettent sa progression et qui sont soulignees par l'adoption de titres differents. D'une possession "sauvage" elle passe a une possession "maitrisee". La structure rituelle fait intervenir a different moment la divination par le reve, la musique et la danse qui accompagnent la transe, l'usage de differents objets rituels, le sacrifice d'animaux comestibles etc. Le zar egyptien n'est pas simplement un rituel therapeutique mais il est considere comme un rituel religieux, et ses officiants et ses adeptes se reconnaissent comme des bons musulmans. Cependant, la spiritualite du zar traverse les religions, quelles soient musulmane, chretienne, juive tout en les reconnaissant et les englobant dans son rituel. Il est ainsi considere comme un rituel d'actualisation et de manifestation de la grace de allah. La kudiya devient le vehicule de la benediction d'allah, et aide les autres possedees dans leur parcours de transformation, grace a sa relation privilegiee aux esprits et la maitrise de la possession, ce qui implique d'avoir l'autorite, la connaissance, la puissance necessaires pour agir efficacement dans les rites. Ainsi le zar se revele comme une forme religieuse feminine singuliere, souvent meprisee et contrariee par les religieux orthodoxes ou mystiques, ainsi que par le gouvernementThe thesis is based on a systematic observation of rites and investigation among zar members in cairo region and constitutes a valid contribution to the knowledge of possession rites in the arab-muslim countries. The egyptian zar regards essentially women of every class and age. It is a very flexible rite adapting to the egyptian context and following the evolution of the country during the 20th century. The author studied the rite not in its social or psychological fonctions but in its structure following its own mechanisms of relation among all the agents: the spirits, the novice, the officiant, the members. The rite logic implies the transformation of the relation between the human being and the surnatural world, the spirits and the divinity. The transformation happens from the repetition of the initiatic rites for several years and ends to the spiritual accomplishment of the member. From spirit possessed she becomes initiate and finally officiant (kudiya) passing by different ritual steps and taking various titles testifying her progression. From a "wild" possession she passes to a "managed" possession. The ritual structure implies in different moments the art of divination, music and dance following the trance, the use of various ritual objects, the sacrifice of eatable animals. The egyptian zar is not only a therapy but it is considered as a religious rite and its members are pious muslims. Nevertheless, the spiritual nature of zar crosses all the religions (muslim, christian, jewish), recognizes and integrates them in its ritual. It is considered as a rite where the "grace" of allah is manifested. The kudiya becomes the channel of his blessing and helps the other possessed in their transforming process. Thanks to her special relation to the spirits and the control over her possession that implies her authority, knowledge and necessary power she acts positively in the rites. Therefore, the zar appears as a specific feminine religious from often contrasted by orthodoxy or mysticism and government
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Zair, Touriya. "Synthèse stéréosélective et cyclisation catalysée par le palladium (0) des 1,5-hexadiène-3-ols/ Touriya Zair." Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30048.
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La stereochimie de l'addition des organo-magnesiens allyliques sr les enones a ete etudiee. Sur les enones acycliques, l'addition du chlorure de crotylmagnesium conduit a des 1,5-hexadiene-3-ols obtenus sous forme d'un melange erythro-threo. La proportion d'isomere threo croit avec celle de la configuration 5-cis de l'enone. Avec les dialkylidenecyclohexanones, l'addition axiale du chlorure deconfiguration erythro. Un modele compact a ete propose pour decrire l'etat de transition. Les 1,5-hexadiene-3-ols traites au reflyx de l'acide acetique par des quantites catalytiques de tetrakis triphenylphosphine palladium en presen,ce d'acide trifluoroacetique se cyclisent en 1-methyl-1,3-cyclopentadienes. Un mecanisme est propose sur la base des resultats obtenus avec des molecules marquees au deuterium
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Moran, Dominic Paul. "Questions of the liminal in the fiction of Julio Cortázar." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627115.
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Lithander, Erik Per Emanuel. "A study of the pre-exile novels of Julio Cortázar." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621003.
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Santucci, Elisa. "LA BALLERINA CHE RUBÒ IL CUORE ALL’ULTIMO ZAR Proposta di sottotitolaggio del film “Matilda”." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20924/.
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Il presente elaborato si propone lo scopo di analizzare il film storico-drammatico “Matilda” (2017) del regista russo Aleksej Efimovič Učitel e di avanzarne una proposta di traduzione dei dialoghi sotto forma di sottotitolaggio. L’ambientazione storica della vicenda, che ha luogo tra 1890 e il 1896 in una Russia ancora zarista, rende la pellicola interessante dal punto di vista traduttivo, ma sono state la trama, la controversa narrazione della Storia da parte del regista e le particolari circostanze che ne hanno segnato l’esordio, che hanno fatto di questo film uno dei più discussi e criticati del cinema russo contemporaneo. Infatti, oltre ad analizzare le tecniche di sottotitolazione e le scelte traduttive messe in atto, l’elaborato presenta una sezione dedicata alla verità storica che si cela dietro la trama della pellicola, che racconta della presunta relazione tra l’ultimo Zar di Russia Nikolaj II e la prima ballerina del Teatro Mariinskij, Matil’da Kšesinskaja.
Sarà quindi così composto: nel primo capitolo si tratterà la tematica della traduzione audiovisiva da un punto di vista teorico, con particolare attenzione alle tecniche della sottotitolazione. Il secondo capitolo si concentrerà sulla trama della pellicola, le controversie e le proteste che ha provocato e sulla sua fedeltà storica. Il terzo capitolo esaminerà, dal punto di vista storico, le figure di Matil’da Kšesinskaja e Nikolaj II e ripercorrà i momenti salienti della loro relazione. Infine, nel quarto e ultimo capitolo, si passerà all’analisi del lavoro svolto, che approfondirà le difficoltà incontrate e le scelte traduttive messe in atto per superarle.
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Gharasou, Maryam. "Du malheur à l’initiation : les cultes de possession Zar et leurs musiques (Hormozgân, Iran)." Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100042.
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La présente thèse porte sur les cultes de possession couramment appelés Zar, dans la province de l’Hormozgân en Iran. Ces cultes, dont des versions apparentées sont répandues sur tout le pourtour de la Mer rouge, de la Péninsule arabique et du Golfe persique, consiste principalement en une cérémonie où un malade est possédé par une entité invisible, bâd, "vent". Parfois établie par un officiant à travers un diagnostic de nature chamanique, l'identification du bâd responsable des troubles est confirmée à travers l'organisation d'une cérémonie qui est entièrement structurée par la musique, et qui comprend aussi un sacrifice animal. Entrant en transe, le patient est alors "chevauché" par le bâd, ce qui se traduit physiquement par l'entrée dans la danse. A travers la transe, qui est une expérience intérieure transformant le patient, la visée thérapeutique débouche en fait sur une initiation spirituelle : le patient est devenu adepte, membre de la communauté des ahl-e havâ, les "gens de l'air", car il a contracté avec l'être invisible une alliance à vie. Les cultes de possession prennent trois formes principales : le nûbân, dont la musique est clairement d'origine africaine : le zâr (dans un sens spécifique), qui est une sorte de syncrétisme afro-arabo-iranien, mais avec un panthéon fortement africain ; les mashâyekh sorte de syncrétisme entre le zâr et le soufisme populaire sunnite et chafiite. La thèse décrit plusieurs cérémonies puis examine le panthéon, les modalités temporelles et spatiales de la cérémonie, les instruments de musique, la poésie chantée et les formes musicales qui contribuent à la montée de la transe. Le modèle relationnel entre les hommes et les êtres invisibles étant celui de l‟adorcisme, la thèse examine également les relations entre cette procédure et l'environnement islamique au sein de la société iranienne. Finalement, la thèse examine les inter-relations existantes entre les trois ou quatre principales variantes du culte, et tente de restituer toute la richesse de ce « complexe mythico-rituel, musical et initiatique »This research is about possession cults in the province of Hormozgân, south of Iran. It is based on the direct observation and analysis of one of these cults called Zar. Zar is mostly renowned as an originally African cult with animistic roots. It is spread around the Red Sea, the Arabian Peninsula and southern Iran. There are also other types of more or less related cults practiced by the communities in accordance with their therapeutic methods and spiritual beliefs and needs. In this research we study Zar under three sub-categories: nubân, mashâyekh and zâr. Similar to zâr, nubân is also considered from African origin. Mashâyekh, product of syncretism between Zâr and a kind of Sufism, is mainly related to the Shafi‟i school of Sunni Islam popular on the shores of Yemen and the Persian Gulf. The third practice is also called zâr, but it reflects a combination of Afro-Arab cults and Twelver Shi'ism dominant in Iran. Theses cults are practiced to inhale diseases. In each case of physical, moral or social troubles, patient may adopt different types of worship. The diagnosis is made by “testing” the supernatural beings by playing the music and singing the songs, which matches them. The relational paradigm between men and supernatural beings is predominantly based on adorcisme promoting mutual coexistence. In some cases the model of exorcism dominates. This thesis first describes several ceremonies and their characteristics. Then it presents and analyzes the appropriate music to each practice. A comparison is made between the different aspects of these cults and their relationships with music. We also include discussions with the believers of this treatment method, about the concept of the disease and healing. Finally the social and religious status of such a practice in a Shiite Muslim society is addressed
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Hamasha, Oumama Emad. "Reconstructing the past : Ibn Al-Qayyim's approach in critiquing accounts of Maghāzī (battles) in his book Zād Al-Maʿād." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8753/.
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The purpose of the present study is to assess the contribution of the renowned Mamluk-period scholar Shams al-Dīn Muhammad b. Abū Bakr, known as Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah (d. 751/1350) in the maghāzī and sīrah genres, by investigating and examining the features of his approach in critiquing and evaluating the authenticity of maghāzī narratives in his sīrah collection, Zād al-Maʿād fī Hadī Khayr al-ʿIbād, and to reveal the main methods that he utilised in critiquing the isnāds and the matns of these narratives. This thesis also provides a comprehensive overview of the maghāzī genre and highlights the main theories that have been put forward in both Western and Muslim scholarship, to explain its nature, emergence, development and position among other Islamic genres. This thesis includes an introduction, five main chapters and a conclusion. The first includes the introduction where the rational, objectives, research questions and the methodology of the present research are discussed; the second outlines Ibn al-Qayyim's life and age; the third explores maghāzī literature and the work of Ibn al-Qayyim within this genre; the fourth provides an analytical survey of the main resources on which Ibn al-Qayyim built his maghāzī work; the fifth investigates first isnād criticism in the work of both Western and Muslim scholars and then analyses Ibn al-Qayyim's approach with respect to the isnād; the sixth chapter outlines the origin of matn criticism and explores the main methods of content criticism used by Ibn al-Qayyim to evaluate maghāzī narratives; finally comes the conclusion of the whole work which provides the main results of the present research and recommendations. The present thesis suggests that Ibn al-Qayyim's approach combines and intertwines between different methods applied by earlier traditionists, jurists and historians, by which he developed an advanced approach in critiquing and evaluating maghāzī narratives.
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Ahmad, Zair Asrar Bin Verfasser], and Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gabbert. "Numerical simulations of Lamb waves in plates using a semi-analytical finite element method / Zair Asrar Bin Ahmad. Betreuer: Ulrich Gabbert." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1047558769/34.
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Graupner, Silke. "Zar Nikolaj II. und seine Familie - Heilige der Russisch-Orthodoxen Kirche : die Kanonisierung aus religions- und kulturgeschichtlicher Perspektive." Berlin wvb, Wiss. Verl, 2009. http://www.wvberlin.de/data/inhalt/graupner.html.
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Graupner, Silke. "Zar Nikolaj II. und seine Familie - Heilige der Russisch-Orthodoxen Kirche die Kanonisierung aus religions- und kulturgeschichtlicher Perspektive." Berlin wvb, Wiss. Verl, 2007. http://d-nb.info/994502214/04.
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Zahr, Yvonne Verfasser], Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Muck, Brigitte [Akademischer Betreuer] Eierle, and Eric [Akademischer Betreuer] [Sucky. "Bank Regulation - The Leverge Ratio Requirement from the Perspective of Stabilizing the Financial System / Yvonne Zahr. Betreuer: Matthias Muck ; Brigitte Eierle ; Eric Sucky." Bamberg : Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/106102251X/34.
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Laureano, Erin N. "Literatura, lenguaje y "realidad" : la relacion entre la literatura y sus referentes socio-historicos segun Rayuela y Tres tristes tigres." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001955.
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Abdelsalam, Sadik. "Technique therapeutique islamique : le voleur et le visiteur. confrontation entre deux systemes therapeutiques dans le soudan (region gazira)- celui du zar et celui du djinn." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070133.
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La technique therapeutique du zar au soudan, region de gazina-les manifestations de l'esprit zar. Le diagnostic d'identification de cet esprit-les rituels sacrificiels. Les systemes divinatoires-la composante musicale. Deuxieme systeme de zar =systeme divinatoire formation du therapeute. Etude d'un cas. Reflexion sur les systemes therapeutiques du zar et du djinn.
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Cahlíková, Tereza. "Politický vývoj v Demokratické republice Kongo od roku 1960 do současnosti, dopady na vztahy v regionu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76549.
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In my diploma thesis I try for an objective evaluation and analysis of the history of the Democratic republic of the Congo since the year 1960, when the country gained its independence from Belgium, until the first years of the 21st century. The whole time period of 50 years of the existence of the country is divided into several intervals according to important events, which influenced the country's political development. Consequently one chapter of the thesis is devoted to each time period. In the conclusion of my thesis I try to evaluate the contemporary situation in the Democratic republic of the Congo and suggest solutions for the future.
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Diot, Hervé. "Mise en place des granitoïdes hercyniens de la Meseta marocaine, Étude structurale des massifs de Sebt de Brikine (Rehamna), de Zaër et d'Oulmès (Massif Central) et d'Aouli-Boumia (Haute Moulouya). Implications géodynamiques." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01015872.
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La Meseta marocaine constitue sur la continent africain la continuité de la chaîne hercynienne d'Europe moyenne. La cinématique de mise en place des granitoïdes associés à cet orogène constitue un élément déterminant permettant de retracer l'évolution géodynamique de ce segment hercynien. Les structures de déformation à l'état magmatique caractéristiques de la montée du magma dans la croûte, et les structures de déformation à l'état solide qui concernent à la fois ces plutons et leur encaissant, sont l'empreinte de cette mise en place. Les structures magmatiques (plans et des lignes d'écoulement du magma) sont étudiées, par l'analyse de l'orientation des marqueurs que constituent les premiers cristaux formés dans le magma, et/ou avec la technique de l'anisotropie de la susceptibilité magnétique (ASM). Les granites étudiés se répartissent en deux groupes: 1- ceux dont la mise en place est précoce dans l'orogène et situés en Meseta orientale; ces massifs, d'Aouli et de Bou-Mia, forment un unique corps magmatique situé dans la boutonnière de Midelt; 2- des granites plus tardifs, plus petits et bien circonscrits sont localisés en marge orientale du Bloc côtier de la Meseta occidentale; on les trouve aussi bien au Nord (Zaër et Oulmès dans le Massif Central), qu'au Sud (Tichka, dans le Haut-Atlas). Parmi ces granites de la Meseta occidentale, ceux de Zaër, d'Oulmès et de Sebt de Brilkiine dans le massif de Rehamna, ont fait l'objet d'une cartographie structurale. Les granites de la Meseta orientale (Haute-Moulouya) montrent une homogénéité de faciès et aussi des structures primaires comparables confirmant l'unité magmatique entre les deux corps d'Aouli et de Bou-Mia. Les structures magmatiques et l'analyse de la déformation dans l'encaissant métamorphique ont conduit à envisager une mise en place syn- à tardi-tectonique dans un cisaillement crustal vers l'Ouest, faiblement penté. Les granites de la Meseta occidentale ont été interprétés comme liés à des décrochements crustaux: 1- senestres subméridiens à NNE-SSW pour la granodiorite de Zaër et le granite d'Oulmès sur des accidents ductiles du socle profond; 2- dextre subméridien, pour le granite de Sebt, dont la mise en place est associée à une déformation fragile en "pull-apart". Dans le cas du Zaër, où deux faciès principaux constituent le Batholite, l'analyse structurale et ASM a nettement mis en évidence une mise en place en deux temps, puisqu'un épisode fragile serait responsable de l'injection d'un monzogranite, dans la granodiorite préalablement indurée La compatibilité dans un même système de contrainte, des accidents responsables de ces décrochements crustaux de la Meseta occidentale, a conduit à envisager un modèle géodynamique de la Meseta, en marge sud de l'orogène hercynien. Dans ce schéma, les structures du Maroc hercynien ont été comparées avec celles de son plus proche voisin, la Meseta ibérique. La poursuite des structures compressives vers le SSW, depuis la zone sud-portugaise jusqu'à la zone du Sehoul (au Nord du domaine mésétien marocain) permet d'envisager que ce domaine, situé au Nord de la Meseta, se comporte comme un poinçon dirigé vers le Sud. Cette tectonique, au Sud de la virgation ibéro-armoricaine, est à l'origine d'un décrochement dextre majeur en marge orientale du bloc côtier mésétien. Le décrochement se poursuit depuis la Meseta espagnole jusqu'au domaine atlasique, et est responsable, dans le massif des Rehamna, d'un décro-chevauchement du domaine des bassins carbonifères sur le Bloc côtier.
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Kywe, Tin Zar Verfasser], Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Kleinn, Niko [Akademischer Betreuer] [Balkenhol, and Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Hölscher. "Habitat Suitability Modeling for Tiger (Panthera tigris) in the Hukaung Valley Tiger Reserve, Northern Myanmar / Tin Zar Kywe. Gutachter: Christoph Kleinn ; Niko Balkenhol ; Dirk Hölscher. Betreuer: Christoph Kleinn." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1042263000/34.
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Kyaw, Khin Zar [Verfasser], and Brigitte [Akademischer Betreuer] Urban. "Testing the Effects of Biochars on Crop Yields and Soil Properties in a Rice-based Cropping System of Myanmar: Field Experiment and Modelling / Khin Zar Kyaw. Betreuer: Brigitte Urban." Lüneburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1105035425/34.
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Minnaar, Enla Marie. "Grondleggende argitekte van die Departement Openbare Werke in Transvaal tot 1910, hul werk en invloed (Afrikaans)." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23586.
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The void in available literature pertaining to the origin of the official architecture of the 'Publieke Werken Departement' in the 'Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek', the destruction of the Department by the Anglo Boer-War and the subsequent reconstruction of the Department as the Public Works Department of the Transvaal Colony, is addressed. A new perspective is set regarding the architectural data of the period, by analysis of the cultural doctrine of the different departments. The history of the Department is divided into four periods. The first deals with the era from the establishment of the Department in 1877, until the appointment of Sytze Wierda. The second incorporates the time from 1887 with his engagement up to the outbreak of the Anglo Boer-War in 1899. This period is generally seen as the golden age of Transvaal Republican architecture. The third relates the effect of the war on the Department and the architects while the fourth deals with the colonial time from the annexation of Pretoria in 1900, until Unification in 1910. The structure and work procedure of each department are examined to derive an image of the type of training the architects had undergone and a survey is made of what can be found of the original libraries of the departments. Specific careers are investigated. In this context, buildings are chosen from the researched lists, to be examined. The designated buildings are regarded as documents, and are analized with regard to cultural doctrine and business stance. The first period produced pragmatic thatched buildings. During the second phase, Wierda attained the embodiment of cultural doctrine in architecture, rising above mere utility in building. He strived to create a sophisticated, ideal townscape for the Z.A.R. Continuity was lacking, however, as the Department was at first brought to a standstill, and then wiped out by the war. During the fourth phase, the British Colonial Department brought about specialization of architects as quantity surveyors, engineers and architects. At first, only utility buildings were designed by the Department while prestige projects were given to private architectural firms.Thesis (PhD (Architecture))--University of Pretoria, 2000.
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Zaremski, Clara. "Pour une production contrôlée d’agarwood d’Aquilaria crassna Pierre ex Lecomte en Guyane : Approches métagénomique, biochimique et histologique A review of the conditions of worldwide agarwood production and development prospects in French Guiana Caractérisation des communautés fongiques associées à Aquilaria Crassna Pierre ex Lecomte en plantation en Guyane française Composition chimique de l'agarwood d'aquilaria Crassna Pierre Ex. Lecomte des plantations de Guyane, en fonction du mode d'induction Détection rapide de l'agarwood et évaluation de sa composition chimique par spectrométrie proche infrarouge (SPIR) Etude histologique des cals d'aquilaria crassna colonisés par les champignons lignivores pycnoporus sanguineus gloeophyllum trabeum et antrodia vaillantii." Thesis, Guyane, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020YANE0002.
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Les arbres du genre Aquilaria Lam. (Thymelaeaceae), en réaction à un stress mécanique, produisent, en interactions avec des micro-organismes, un bois transformé par sa forte teneur en composés secondaires : l’agarwood (AW). Il est apprécié en parfumerie pour son odeur boisée. Face à la forte demande mondiale, des agriculteurs ont réalisé des plantations expérimentales d’Aquilaria en Guyane (projet Aquil@Guyane) afin de produire une huile essentielle de composition chimique contrôlée, respectueuse de la biologie de l’arbre et de l’environnement. Dans ce contexte, nous avons produit des connaissances académiques pour contribuer au développement de la production d’AW d’Aquilaria crassna en Guyane. Après caractérisation des communautés fongiques présentes dans les arbres d’A. crassna en Guyane, révélant le rôle des Basidiomycètes dans la production d’AW, deux méthodes d’induction d’AW ont été comparées : 1- levée d’écorce et application du sol de la plantation sur la blessure ; 2- inoculation de souches guyanaises de Basidiomycètes. Cette dernière est la plus efficace pour obtenir un AW de qualité proche d’un AW de référence. La Spectrométrie Proche Infrarouge (SPIR) a été utilisée pour différencier le bois sain de l’AW et différentes compositions chimiques d’AW. Les résultats obtenus sont cohérents avec ceux de l’analyse biochimique après hydrodistillation : utiliser la SPIR pour trier et contrôler la qualité de l’AW est envisageable. Une méthode de culture de cals d’Aquilaria a été mise au point pour comprendre les mécanismes moléculaires de la production d’AW. Les résultats indiquent une production de terpènes par les cals d’Aquilaria inoculés par des souches fongiquesTrees of the genus Aquilaria Lam. (Thymelaeaceae) in response to mechanical stress produce, in interaction with microorganisms, a wood transformed by its high content of secondary compounds: agarwood (AW). It is appreciated in perfumery for its woody fragrance. Faced with strong global demand, farmers have carried out experimental plantations of Aquilaria in French Guiana (Aquil@Guyane project) in order to produce an essential oil with a controlled chemical composition, respectful of the biology of the tree and the environment. In this context, we have produced academic knowledge to contribute to the development of AW production of Aquilaria crassna in French Guiana. After characterization of the fungal communities present in A. crassna trees in French Guiana, revealing the role of Basidiomycetes in the production of AW, two methods of induction of AW were compared: 1- lifting of bark and application of the soil of the plantation on the wound; 2- inoculation of Guyanese strains of Basidiomycetes. The latter is the most effective for obtaining a quality AW close to a reference AW. Near Infrared Spectrometry (NIRS) has been used to differentiate healthy wood from AW and different chemical compositions of AW. The results obtained are consistent with those of the biochemical analysis after hydrodistillation: using NIRS to sort and control the quality of AW is possible. An Aquilaria callus culture method has been developed to understand the molecular mechanisms of AW production. The results indicate the production of terpenes by Aquilaria callus inoculated with fungal strains
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Sun, Minyan. "A comparative study of the triadic relation between time, identity and language in the works of Julio Cortázar, Marcelo Cohen and Nāgārjuna." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/278672.
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While current scholarship acknowledges the influence of Buddhist ideas on Julio Cortázar’s fiction, critical analysis of this element of his work does not often engage in depth with Buddhist thought. Buddhism is frequently characterised as something mystical or mythical when read in relation to the works of Cortázar. This approach leads to an insufficient reading of the highly important notion of the ‘centro’ in Rayuela (1963), whose symbolism, evoking a dynamic equilibrium, may be more successfully explored with closer reference to Buddhist philosophy. The Argentine author Marcelo Cohen has also engaged with Buddhist ideas in his works; his Buda (1990), a biography of the historical Buddha, testifies to this interest. Again, however, this aspect has not received full attention in critical scholarship. Given the importance of the use of negation in Cohen’s literature, comparing Cohen with Buddhist philosophy can enrich our understanding of many aspects of his works, such as his treatment of relationality. I have chosen to compare both Argentine authors with the Indian Buddhist philosopher Nāgārjuna, who is considered the founder of the Madhyamaka school, which is particularly associated with the theory of ‘emptiness’ (‘śūnyatā’). Nāgārjuna’s philosophy is cited directly in Cortázar’s poem ‘Canción de Gautama’ and Cohen’s Buda and informs a number of these writers’ other texts. The main body of the thesis is divided into three sections. These examine the triadic relation between time, identity and language, with each section focusing more on one of these three aspects in turn. The three chapters and three authors will be drawn together to form a new reading of the role of negation.
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Chemello, Maur?cio. "O efeito como fim : guias da composi??o." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2008. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1869.
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Previous issue date: 2008-01-02A presente disserta??o analisa o pressuposto de que h? uma expectativa do autor em provocar um efeito no leitor. Apresenta-o como parte do processo de composi??o do conto e elemento respons?vel pela qualifica??o do texto liter?rio. O estudo divide-se em tr?s eixos: 1) aspectos do conto; 2) aspectos do efeito; 3) fus?o: o conto e o efeito. Identifica caracter?sticas do conto e o modo como os textos te?ricos analisam o efeito como seu elemento constitutivo. Foram utilizados os estudos de Julio Cort?zar, Ricardo Piglia, Arist?teles e Edgar Allan Poe, al?m da teoria do efeito, de Wolfgang Iser.
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Ch?vez, Fajardo Soledad. "Diccionarios del espan?ol de Chile en su fase precient?fica : un estudio metalexicogr?fico." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2009. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/108586.
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Pin, Hsiu-Chuan, and 賓秀娟. "A Study of Relationship among ZAR、AUD、CNY、TWD." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w27x9h.
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Kemme, Mallory. "Evaluation of Zar-Pro lifting strip fidelity in comparison to other blood fingerprint enhancement methods." Thesis, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/15367.
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Fingerprints in blood indicate a threshold of violence has been surpassed in crime scenarios - making the crime resolution more urgent. There exist multiple processes that enhance a blood fingerprint in its original position, or in-situ, with reliability so that an image can be obtained. However, blood fingerprint evidence that cannot directly be transported to a laboratory for further analysis, due to the size or mobility of the substrate, calls for portability. In 2010 Zar-Pro Fluorescent Blood Lifting Strips were patented by Jessica Zarate as a "fluorogenic method for lifting, enhancing, and preserving blood impression evidence". The lifted prints are also inherently fluorescent to further increase enhancement and contrast of the print. There are currently no studies comparing Zar-Pro results with the results of other laboratory enhancement methods. This experiment compared Zar-Pro to other non-portable and frequently used alternatives - blood peak absorption and Hungarian Red enhancement to determine if Zar-Pro gives better blood fingerprint enhancement results than other non-portable alternatives - ALS visualization and Hungarian Red enhancement. In this study, Zar-Pro methods produced more reliable and reproducible results over the Hungarian Red and blood peak absorption methods on white and black ceramic tile. From this study, one can also conclude that ALS peak absorption is better suited for the location of blood prints on a light-colored item of evidence, rather than an enhancement method of blood prints.
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"Zar spirit possession among Ethiopian Jews in Israel: Discourses and performances in religious identity, psychiatry, and public culture." Tulane University, 2001.
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Today there are over 70,000 Ethiopian Jews living in Israel, many of whom immigrated in two mass movements in the mid 1980's and early 1990's. Among the many cultural practices they brought with them is a spirit possession complex called zar. Zar centers around a class of invisible entities that cause illness and misfortune. Zar practices include healing therapies involving trance ceremonies, fortune telling, and daily coffee ceremonies This dissertation explores the ways zar has been integrated with Israeli lifeways in the realms of mainstream religious practice, ethnic identity, psychiatry, and public culture. Critical methodological concerns arise in the study of zar in Israel connected to working in a multi-cultural, urban environment and the importance of observation and other phenomenological techniques in studying embodied cultural phenomena. The zar complex itself developed through a series of historical conjunctures leading to its recent manifestations in Ethiopia and Israel. Zar has undergone transformations and expansions as it has been reconciled with beam Israeli cultural practices, especially in terms of Judaism and biomedicine. In both cases, ethnic identity and changing citizenship status have influenced the psychiatric and religious discourses and practices surrounding zar. In addition, zar is portrayed and consumed by Ethiopian Jews and other Israelis through mass media and public culture. Mass media places zar in a public and political field of discourse. Ethiopian Jews resist and react to this process as their traditions are re-created in art exhibits, tourist attractions, and films based on zar and the related coffee ceremony Overall, zar must be recognized as a phenomenon that extends beyond essentialized views of spirit possession into many facets of daily life. Zar in Israel illustrates the manner in which contradictions between modernity and tradition, mainstream and minority religious practices, and therapeutic discourses are resolvedacase@tulane.edu
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Hsu, Mei-Hua, and 徐美華. "Research on Capital Preservation Fund Performance in Foreign Currency–The Case Study of SinoPac ZAR 2021 Principal Protected Fund." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3jgj4x.
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碩士淡江大學
國際企業學系碩士在職專班
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This study by dismantling SinoPac ZAR 2021 Principal Protected Fund is to discuss the Fund issued by SinoPac in response to under industrial environmental changes and market demand. The niche business of investment trust is to take advantage of preserving the appeal to attract investment in investor funds, and enhance returns for investors to bring more stability of promotion investment funds bussiness. During the study sample periods from May 8, 2014 to September 30, 2014, this study uses its NAV, bond prices and the exchange rate of Taiwan dollar to exchange the US dollar and the South African currency, and then calculate its fund performance and total compensation, explaine the empirical test. We then summarize the conclusions as follows: 1﹒The results of the sample period is calculated, the fund net remuneration is affected only by changes in bond prices and exchange rates, and no other factors that can create extra returns. 2﹒The bond denominated in foreign currencies of the Capital Preservation Fund, the Fund''s total compensation held by investment to the maturity date is to be determined. However, the research could not determine individually the losses or gains of foreign exchange during the holding maturity date.
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Feng-Yi, KAO, and 高鳳儀. "A study in the Time Structural Break on the Causal Relationship Testing and forecasting between the Oil Price, Gold Price and Exchange Rate of AUD and ZAR." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22989516810267989103.
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碩士僑光科技大學
企業管理研究所
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2008 global financial tsunami triggered the crash of global equity and currency markets and the interest rate gap of international trade investment scaling back, made the global capital sector shifting and the investment people were on tenterhooks. Therefore, investors will select financial products and raw materials to engage in investment arbitrage or hedging. This study selected major high yielding currencies (Australian Dollar and South African Rand), and the representative raw materials commodities (gold and oil price) to the investment analysis and causal detection. The study period of the article samples is from January 2001 to September 2012, Australian Dollar against U.S. Dollar, South African Rand against U.S. Dollar, the New York gold spot and the Brent oil price are variables, and we used daily datas analysis with 3051 observations data, source coming from Information Winner 2000 database. The results show that: (1) The prices of oil and gold, Australian Dollar and South African Rand are integrated of order 1 with non-stationary state variables. (2) The structural transition point occured at 2010.04.30. (3) There were not co-integration between the variables in the period (2001.01.02-2010.04.29). Granger causality test shows that the price of gold affects Australian Dollar, and the price of oil affects the price of gold, and the price of gold affects the price of oil, and Australian Dollar affects the price of oil ,but South African Rand will not affect the other variables. (4) There were also not co-integration between the variables in the period ( 2010.04.30-2012.09.04). Granger causality also changed, South African Rand affects the price of oil and Australian Dollar, and the price of oil , the price of gold and Australian Dollar will not affect the other variables, also the price of gold will not be affected by the other variables. This article will use the VAR model with Australian Dollar and South African Rand to forecast by a static forecast method. We found that the forecast model: RMSE and MAE are very small and the forecast value and the actual value are not significant difference. This study shows that the VAR model will forecast well.
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Cripps, Elizabeth Ann. "Provisioning Johannesburg, 1886-1906." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/5966.
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The rapidity of Johannesburg’s growth after the discovery of payable gold in 1886 created a provisioning challenge. Lacking water transport it was dependent on animal-drawn transport until the railways arrived from coastal ports. The local near-subsistence agricultural economy was supplemented by imported foodstuffs, readily available following the industrialisation of food production, processing and distribution in the Atlantic world and the transformation of transport and communication systems by steam, steel and electricity. Improvements in food preservation techniques: canning, refrigeration and freezing also contributed. From 1895 natural disasters ˗ droughts, locust attacks, rinderpest, East Coast fever ˗ and the man-made disaster of the South African War, reduced local supplies and by the time the ZAR became a British colony in 1902 almost all food had to be imported. By 1906, though still an import economy, meat and grain supplies had recovered, and commercial agriculture was responding to the market.History
M.A (History)