Academic literature on the topic 'Zār'
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Journal articles on the topic "Zār"
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Vlajic-Popovic, Jasna. "The interrogative particle zar - from syntax and semantics to etymology." Juznoslovenski filolog 72, no. 1-2 (2016): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jfi1602065v.
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This paper deals with the Serbian interrogative particle zar/zar/zar ?num, forsan?, typically positioned at the beginning of a sentence (expressing surprise, wonder, disbelief, dissent, etc.) or at its end, coupled with ne and separated by a comma (in guided questions, affirmative and negative alike: Ti ga (ne) volis, zar ne?), yet also broadly attested in obsolete use (in the 19-20th-century literature) in modal function, where it is synonymous to valjda, mozda ?perhaps, maybe?. After a review of the ways zar is treated in modern Serbian grammars and descriptive dictionaries (including several dialectal dictionaries), and following research of Macedonian, Bulgarian and Turkish dictionaries, its etymology is discussed: Skok?s unconvincing idioglottal interpretation is refuted, and Resetar?s idea is reintroduced (prevoiusly rejected by Skok, questioned by Elezovic, accepted in the RJA) that zar, along with its obliterated forms zaer, zajer, zaher, should be traced back to Turkish zahir adv. ?apparently, clearly, evidently?, ?seemingly, perhaps, maybe?. The semantic-syntactic evolution of the loanword within the Serbian language is illustrated, and hence the alloglottal etymology corroborated, by a selection of quotes from folklore and eminent 19-20th-century writers. And finally, as the most likely, the paper offers the interpretation of this particle as a hybrid formation resulting from contamination by the Turkisms of an idioglottal zar, which could be related to archaic Polish za? < PSl. *za-ze.
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Brown, Reginald B. "The “Zair” Process." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 44, no. 8 (October 22, 2008): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1928.tb01508.x.
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Šugar, Danijel, Željko Bačić, and Iva Dasović. "Geodetic and seismological analysis of the CROPOS ZAGR station kinematics during the Zagreb 2020 ML 5.5 earthquake." Geofizika 38, no. 2 (January 24, 2022): 191–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.15233/gfz.2021.38.10.
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The CROPOS’s ZAGR stations, one of 33 stations of the Croatian permanent GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) network CROPOS (Croatian Positioning System), is located in Zagreb’s city centre. For the first time, motion of one of the CROPOS stations (the ZAGR station) during an earthquake shake (the Zagreb 2020 ML5.5) was analysed by the PPK (Post-Processed Kinematic) method using all available GNSS signals (GPS – Global Positioning System, GLONASS – GLObalnaya NAvigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistem, Galileo, Bei-Dou) and seismologically interpreted. The ZAGR station is situated about 9 km to the south-southeast of the earthquake’s epicentre. The analysis showed that the station’s movements, i.e. combined surface and building motion, during the shake was far above the noise level and enabled the assessment of the station’s kinematics: movements in the range of approx. 13 cm in direction north–south (N–S) and approx. 6 cm in direction east–west (E–W). However, movements in the vertical direction were slightly above the noise level. Even though the ZAGR station kinematic behaviour was pronounced, no permanent displacement was identified. The seismological analysis showed that the ZAGR station recorded the onset of the SV-waves on the N–S component, surface waves on the N–S (predominantly Rayleigh waves) and E–W (mainly Love waves) components. The resolution of 1 s of the results of the PPK method have enabled a thorough analysis of the ZAGR station kinematics and pointed out the usefulness of the method in earthquake observations.
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Gowan, Taylor A., John D. Horel, Alexander A. Jacques, and Adair Kovac. "Using Cloud Computing to Analyze Model Output Archived in Zarr Format." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 39, no. 4 (April 2022): 449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-21-0106.1.
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Abstract Numerical weather prediction centers rely on the Gridded Binary Second Edition (GRIB2) file format to efficiently compress and disseminate model output as two-dimensional grids. User processing time and storage requirements are high if many GRIB2 files with size O(100 MB, where B = bytes) need to be accessed routinely. We illustrate one approach to overcome such bottlenecks by reformatting GRIB2 model output from the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction to a cloud-optimized storage type, Zarr. Archives of the original HRRR GRIB2 files and the resulting Zarr stores on Amazon Web Services (AWS) Simple Storage Service (S3) are available publicly through the Amazon Sustainability Data Initiative. Every hour, the HRRR model produces 18- or 48-hourly GRIB2 surface forecast files of size O(100 MB). To simplify access to the grids in the surface files, we reorganize the HRRR model output for each variable and vertical level into Zarr stores of size O(1 MB), with chunks O(10 kB) containing all forecast lead times for 150 × 150 gridpoint subdomains. Open-source libraries provide efficient access to the compressed Zarr stores using cloud or local computing resources. The HRRR-Zarr approach is illustrated for common applications of sensible weather parameters, including real-time alerts for high-impact situations and retrospective access to output from hundreds to thousands of model runs. For example, time series of surface pressure forecast grids can be accessed using AWS cloud computing resources approximately 40 times as fast from the HRRR-Zarr store as from the HRRR-GRIB2 archive. Significance Statement The rapid evolution of computing power and data storage have enabled numerical weather prediction forecasts to be generated faster and with more detail than ever before. The increased temporal and spatial resolution of forecast model output can force end users with finite memory and storage capabilities to make pragmatic decisions about which data to retrieve, archive, and process for their applications. We illustrate an approach to alleviate this access bottleneck for common weather analysis and forecasting applications by using the Amazon Web Services (AWS) Simple Storage Service (S3) to store output from the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model in Zarr format. Zarr is a relatively new data storage format that is flexible, compressible, and designed to be accessed with open-source software either using cloud or local computing resources. The HRRR-Zarr dataset is publicly available as part of the AWS Sustainability Data Initiative.
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Atkinson, Amy. "Roomies by Sara Zarr." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 67, no. 4 (2013): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2013.0862.
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Šolak, Zdravko. "Rečca zar u Krležinoj zbirci priča Hrvatski bog Mars." Fluminensia 31, no. 2 (2019): 353–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31820/f.31.2.13.
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Posmatran je ukupan skup javljanja rečce zar u Krležinoj zbirci priča Hrvatski bog Mars. Pri osnovnom pregledu tog skupa jasno su uočene kvantitativne karakteristike: neravnomeran raspored reči zar po pojedinim pričama u zbirci, pojava mesta koncentracije na kojim javljanja rečce zar dolaze u blizini jedno drugog, zatim asimetrija javljanja kada je u pitanju raspored javljanja rečce zar u govoru pojedinih likova u priči. Tipična situacija u čijem je opisu upotrebljena rečca zar jeste oficirsko obraćanje vojnicima. Ona je doprinela da se u tom obraćanju iskažu: prekor, ruženje, uvrede, ispoljavanje besa, psovke, pretnje. Rečca zar se takođe javljala i u unutrašnjim monolozima, kao i u razgovorima koje vojnici vode među sobom. Upotreba rečce zar znatno je doprinela karakterizaciji likova kada su u pitanju oficiri. Njena upotreba omogućila je da u opisu do izražaja dođe živost razgovora koje vode vojnici, kao i da se opiše preispitivanje kojem su u trenucima osame podložni i oficiri i vojnici.
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Sahruji, Ilham, and Johan Septian Putra. "SIRAJUDDIN ZAR THINKING CONSTRUCTION ABOUT COSMOLOGY." Zawiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 8, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31332/zjpi.v8i2.4494.
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AbstrakTujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan landasan pemikiran Sirajuddin Zar; menganalisis faktor-faktor mempengaruhi pemikiran Sirajuddin Zar tentang kosmologi; dan menjelasakan corak pemikiran kosmologi dari Sirajuddin Zar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan penggunaan metode deskriptif-analitis, induksi dan holistika. Data primer dari kajian ini adalah karya Sirajuddin Zar yaitu Konsep Penciptaan Alam dalam Pemikiran Islam Sains dan al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini didukung dengan data sekunder berupa buku dan jurnal berkaitan dengan tajuk kajian dalam artikel ini. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan beberapa hal tentang konstruksi pemikiran Sirajuddin Zar yaitu; pertama, pemikiran kosmologi Sirajuddin Zar berlandaskan sumber dari al-Qur’an, para filsuf Islam masa klasik dan ilmu sains. kedua, pemikiran kosmologi Sirajuddin dipengaruhi oleh gurunya yaitu; Harun Nasution, Quraish Shihab dan Ahmad Baiquni serta mereferensi dari buku teologi Islam, filsafat Islam dan tafsir al-Qur’an. Ketiga, corak kosmologi Sirajuddin Zar diposisikan sebagai rasional empiris.Kata Kunci: Konstruksi, Kosmologi, Sirajuddin Zar AbstractThe purpose of this article is to describe the rationale of Sirajuddin Zar; analyze the factors influencing Sirajuddin Zar's thoughts on cosmology; explain the cosmological thinking style of Sirajuddin Zar. This research is library research using descriptive-analytical, induction, and holistic methods. The primary data of this study is the work of Sirajuddin Zar, namely the Concept of Creation of Nature in Islamic Thought, Science, and the Qur'an. This research is supported by secondary data in the form of books and journals related to the title of the study in this article. The results of the study explain several things about the construction of Sirajuddin Zar's thoughts, namely; First, Sirajuddin Zar's cosmological thinking is based on sources from the Qur'an, classical Islamic philosophers, and science. second, Sirajuddin's cosmological thinking was influenced by his teacher, namely; Harun Nasution, Quraish Shihab, and Ahmad Baiquni as well as references from books on Islamic theology, Islamic philosophy, and interpretation of the Qur'an. Third, Sirajuddin Zar's cosmological style is positioned as empirically rational.Keywords: Construction, Cosmology, Sirajuddin Zar
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Ihlenfeld, Janet T. "Zahr LK. The Relationship Between." Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing 11, no. 4 (July 1992): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003465-199207000-00003.
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Chifurira, Retius, Knowledge Chinhamu, and Dorah Dubihlela. "Co-integration analysis with structural breaks: South Africa’s gold mining index and USD/ZAR exchange rate." Banks and Bank Systems 11, no. 3 (October 12, 2016): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.11(3).2016.11.
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This paper examines the presence of cointegration between South African gold mining index and USD/ZAR exchange rate. The results show that gold index and USD/ZAR exchange rate series are both I(1) and are cointegrated. The Granger causality test shows a two-way directional causality between gold index and USD/ZAR exchange rate for the period 9 June 2005-9 June 2015. By accounting for possible structural breaks, the Zivot-Andrews unit root test suggests two different breaking points in the data. By using the breaking dates to divide the dataset into 3 sub-periods, the results show that gold index and USD/ZAR exchange rate series are not cointegrated. The Granger causality test shows no causality between the two variables. This finding suggests that gold mining index does not play a key role in explaining the trends in the exchange rate and likewise exchange rate does not affect gold mining index. Keywords: USD/ZAR exchange rate, gold mining index, unit root tests, breaking points, cointegration. JEL Classification: F3, F4, F63, O47
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Coats, Karen. "Gem & Dixie by Sara Zarr." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 70, no. 8 (2017): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2017.0323.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Zār"
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Farazdaq, Rajaa. "Cartographie satellitaire et topographie numerique : application aux hercynides marocaines (jebilet, zaer et bas-draa)." Université de Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN10094.
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Cette etude est destinee a evaluer l'interet des donnees satellitaires spot associees a la topographie numerique (mnt) pour la realisation d'une carte geologique en domaines plisses et failles (jebilet, zaer et bas-draa ; maroc hercynien). Les principales structures sont facilement extraites des images spot multibandes xs et panchromatiques p, grace a l'utilisation des outils classiques du traitement d'image (amelioration de la dynamique, filtrages, extraction de contours, compositions colorees, etc. ). Pour les structures plus difficiles a detecter et pour certaines differenciations lithologiques, d'autres moyens ont ete utilises tels que la texture d'image, les transformations hue - intensity - saturation (his) et brillance - vegetation - couleur (bvc), la rugosite spectrale, la classification spectrale, les rapports de canaux, etc. L'integration du mnt aux donnees satellitaires permet la visualisation en perspective et la realisation d'anaglyphes stereoscopiques mnt. La tectonique recente est parfois mise en evidence a l'aide de la topographie numerisee. Chaque type de traitement permet d'extraire une partie de l'information sous forme de contours limitant les domaines, qui doivent etre indexes sur le terrain ou a l'aide des documents geologiques. Ceci permet de realiser des documents qui aident a realiser un document cartographique plus precis que les cartes existantes par l'addition des divers contours et l'interpretation en perspective a l'aide du mnt. Les massifs des jebilet, zaer et bas-draa sont pris comme exemples a cause de leurs diversites lithologiques et structurales.
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Zar, Tahira [Verfasser]. "Modification of Neuroblastoma - immune interactions by Extracellular RNA (exRNA) / Tahira Zar." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1230476334/34.
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Battain, Tiziana. "Le zar, rituel de possession en egypte : de la souffrance a l'accomplissement." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0017.
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La these est basee sur l'observation des rites et l'enquete intensive parmi les adeptes du zar dans la region du caire et constitue une contribution importante a la comprehension des rituels de possession dans le monde arabo-musulman. Le zar egyptien concerne surtout les femmes de toute classe et age et possede une grande flexibilite qui lui a permis de s'adapter au contexte egyptien et a l'evolution de ce pays durant le 20e siecle. Le rituel est etudie non dans ses fonctions sociales ou psychologiques mais dans sa structure, c'est a dire a travers ses mecanismes propres mettant en relation les agents du rite, les esprits, la novice, l'officiante. La logique rituelle implique la transformation du rapport de l'homme au monde surnaturel, de sa relation aux esprits et a la divinite. Cette transformation est operee par les rites initiatiques, pouvant prendre plusieurs annees, et aboutit a l'accomplissement spirituel de l'adepte. De possedee elle devient adepte et enfin officiante (kudiya), en passant par differentes etapes rituelles, qui permettent sa progression et qui sont soulignees par l'adoption de titres differents. D'une possession "sauvage" elle passe a une possession "maitrisee". La structure rituelle fait intervenir a different moment la divination par le reve, la musique et la danse qui accompagnent la transe, l'usage de differents objets rituels, le sacrifice d'animaux comestibles etc. Le zar egyptien n'est pas simplement un rituel therapeutique mais il est considere comme un rituel religieux, et ses officiants et ses adeptes se reconnaissent comme des bons musulmans. Cependant, la spiritualite du zar traverse les religions, quelles soient musulmane, chretienne, juive tout en les reconnaissant et les englobant dans son rituel. Il est ainsi considere comme un rituel d'actualisation et de manifestation de la grace de allah. La kudiya devient le vehicule de la benediction d'allah, et aide les autres possedees dans leur parcours de transformation, grace a sa relation privilegiee aux esprits et la maitrise de la possession, ce qui implique d'avoir l'autorite, la connaissance, la puissance necessaires pour agir efficacement dans les rites. Ainsi le zar se revele comme une forme religieuse feminine singuliere, souvent meprisee et contrariee par les religieux orthodoxes ou mystiques, ainsi que par le gouvernementThe thesis is based on a systematic observation of rites and investigation among zar members in cairo region and constitutes a valid contribution to the knowledge of possession rites in the arab-muslim countries. The egyptian zar regards essentially women of every class and age. It is a very flexible rite adapting to the egyptian context and following the evolution of the country during the 20th century. The author studied the rite not in its social or psychological fonctions but in its structure following its own mechanisms of relation among all the agents: the spirits, the novice, the officiant, the members. The rite logic implies the transformation of the relation between the human being and the surnatural world, the spirits and the divinity. The transformation happens from the repetition of the initiatic rites for several years and ends to the spiritual accomplishment of the member. From spirit possessed she becomes initiate and finally officiant (kudiya) passing by different ritual steps and taking various titles testifying her progression. From a "wild" possession she passes to a "managed" possession. The ritual structure implies in different moments the art of divination, music and dance following the trance, the use of various ritual objects, the sacrifice of eatable animals. The egyptian zar is not only a therapy but it is considered as a religious rite and its members are pious muslims. Nevertheless, the spiritual nature of zar crosses all the religions (muslim, christian, jewish), recognizes and integrates them in its ritual. It is considered as a rite where the "grace" of allah is manifested. The kudiya becomes the channel of his blessing and helps the other possessed in their transforming process. Thanks to her special relation to the spirits and the control over her possession that implies her authority, knowledge and necessary power she acts positively in the rites. Therefore, the zar appears as a specific feminine religious from often contrasted by orthodoxy or mysticism and government
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Zair, Touriya. "Synthèse stéréosélective et cyclisation catalysée par le palladium (0) des 1,5-hexadiène-3-ols/ Touriya Zair." Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30048.
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La stereochimie de l'addition des organo-magnesiens allyliques sr les enones a ete etudiee. Sur les enones acycliques, l'addition du chlorure de crotylmagnesium conduit a des 1,5-hexadiene-3-ols obtenus sous forme d'un melange erythro-threo. La proportion d'isomere threo croit avec celle de la configuration 5-cis de l'enone. Avec les dialkylidenecyclohexanones, l'addition axiale du chlorure deconfiguration erythro. Un modele compact a ete propose pour decrire l'etat de transition. Les 1,5-hexadiene-3-ols traites au reflyx de l'acide acetique par des quantites catalytiques de tetrakis triphenylphosphine palladium en presen,ce d'acide trifluoroacetique se cyclisent en 1-methyl-1,3-cyclopentadienes. Un mecanisme est propose sur la base des resultats obtenus avec des molecules marquees au deuterium
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Moran, Dominic Paul. "Questions of the liminal in the fiction of Julio Cortázar." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627115.
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Lithander, Erik Per Emanuel. "A study of the pre-exile novels of Julio Cortázar." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621003.
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Santucci, Elisa. "LA BALLERINA CHE RUBÒ IL CUORE ALL’ULTIMO ZAR Proposta di sottotitolaggio del film “Matilda”." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20924/.
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Il presente elaborato si propone lo scopo di analizzare il film storico-drammatico “Matilda” (2017) del regista russo Aleksej Efimovič Učitel e di avanzarne una proposta di traduzione dei dialoghi sotto forma di sottotitolaggio. L’ambientazione storica della vicenda, che ha luogo tra 1890 e il 1896 in una Russia ancora zarista, rende la pellicola interessante dal punto di vista traduttivo, ma sono state la trama, la controversa narrazione della Storia da parte del regista e le particolari circostanze che ne hanno segnato l’esordio, che hanno fatto di questo film uno dei più discussi e criticati del cinema russo contemporaneo. Infatti, oltre ad analizzare le tecniche di sottotitolazione e le scelte traduttive messe in atto, l’elaborato presenta una sezione dedicata alla verità storica che si cela dietro la trama della pellicola, che racconta della presunta relazione tra l’ultimo Zar di Russia Nikolaj II e la prima ballerina del Teatro Mariinskij, Matil’da Kšesinskaja.
Sarà quindi così composto: nel primo capitolo si tratterà la tematica della traduzione audiovisiva da un punto di vista teorico, con particolare attenzione alle tecniche della sottotitolazione. Il secondo capitolo si concentrerà sulla trama della pellicola, le controversie e le proteste che ha provocato e sulla sua fedeltà storica. Il terzo capitolo esaminerà, dal punto di vista storico, le figure di Matil’da Kšesinskaja e Nikolaj II e ripercorrà i momenti salienti della loro relazione. Infine, nel quarto e ultimo capitolo, si passerà all’analisi del lavoro svolto, che approfondirà le difficoltà incontrate e le scelte traduttive messe in atto per superarle.
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Gharasou, Maryam. "Du malheur à l’initiation : les cultes de possession Zar et leurs musiques (Hormozgân, Iran)." Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100042.
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La présente thèse porte sur les cultes de possession couramment appelés Zar, dans la province de l’Hormozgân en Iran. Ces cultes, dont des versions apparentées sont répandues sur tout le pourtour de la Mer rouge, de la Péninsule arabique et du Golfe persique, consiste principalement en une cérémonie où un malade est possédé par une entité invisible, bâd, "vent". Parfois établie par un officiant à travers un diagnostic de nature chamanique, l'identification du bâd responsable des troubles est confirmée à travers l'organisation d'une cérémonie qui est entièrement structurée par la musique, et qui comprend aussi un sacrifice animal. Entrant en transe, le patient est alors "chevauché" par le bâd, ce qui se traduit physiquement par l'entrée dans la danse. A travers la transe, qui est une expérience intérieure transformant le patient, la visée thérapeutique débouche en fait sur une initiation spirituelle : le patient est devenu adepte, membre de la communauté des ahl-e havâ, les "gens de l'air", car il a contracté avec l'être invisible une alliance à vie. Les cultes de possession prennent trois formes principales : le nûbân, dont la musique est clairement d'origine africaine : le zâr (dans un sens spécifique), qui est une sorte de syncrétisme afro-arabo-iranien, mais avec un panthéon fortement africain ; les mashâyekh sorte de syncrétisme entre le zâr et le soufisme populaire sunnite et chafiite. La thèse décrit plusieurs cérémonies puis examine le panthéon, les modalités temporelles et spatiales de la cérémonie, les instruments de musique, la poésie chantée et les formes musicales qui contribuent à la montée de la transe. Le modèle relationnel entre les hommes et les êtres invisibles étant celui de l‟adorcisme, la thèse examine également les relations entre cette procédure et l'environnement islamique au sein de la société iranienne. Finalement, la thèse examine les inter-relations existantes entre les trois ou quatre principales variantes du culte, et tente de restituer toute la richesse de ce « complexe mythico-rituel, musical et initiatique »This research is about possession cults in the province of Hormozgân, south of Iran. It is based on the direct observation and analysis of one of these cults called Zar. Zar is mostly renowned as an originally African cult with animistic roots. It is spread around the Red Sea, the Arabian Peninsula and southern Iran. There are also other types of more or less related cults practiced by the communities in accordance with their therapeutic methods and spiritual beliefs and needs. In this research we study Zar under three sub-categories: nubân, mashâyekh and zâr. Similar to zâr, nubân is also considered from African origin. Mashâyekh, product of syncretism between Zâr and a kind of Sufism, is mainly related to the Shafi‟i school of Sunni Islam popular on the shores of Yemen and the Persian Gulf. The third practice is also called zâr, but it reflects a combination of Afro-Arab cults and Twelver Shi'ism dominant in Iran. Theses cults are practiced to inhale diseases. In each case of physical, moral or social troubles, patient may adopt different types of worship. The diagnosis is made by “testing” the supernatural beings by playing the music and singing the songs, which matches them. The relational paradigm between men and supernatural beings is predominantly based on adorcisme promoting mutual coexistence. In some cases the model of exorcism dominates. This thesis first describes several ceremonies and their characteristics. Then it presents and analyzes the appropriate music to each practice. A comparison is made between the different aspects of these cults and their relationships with music. We also include discussions with the believers of this treatment method, about the concept of the disease and healing. Finally the social and religious status of such a practice in a Shiite Muslim society is addressed
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Hamasha, Oumama Emad. "Reconstructing the past : Ibn Al-Qayyim's approach in critiquing accounts of Maghāzī (battles) in his book Zād Al-Maʿād." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8753/.
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The purpose of the present study is to assess the contribution of the renowned Mamluk-period scholar Shams al-Dīn Muhammad b. Abū Bakr, known as Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah (d. 751/1350) in the maghāzī and sīrah genres, by investigating and examining the features of his approach in critiquing and evaluating the authenticity of maghāzī narratives in his sīrah collection, Zād al-Maʿād fī Hadī Khayr al-ʿIbād, and to reveal the main methods that he utilised in critiquing the isnāds and the matns of these narratives. This thesis also provides a comprehensive overview of the maghāzī genre and highlights the main theories that have been put forward in both Western and Muslim scholarship, to explain its nature, emergence, development and position among other Islamic genres. This thesis includes an introduction, five main chapters and a conclusion. The first includes the introduction where the rational, objectives, research questions and the methodology of the present research are discussed; the second outlines Ibn al-Qayyim's life and age; the third explores maghāzī literature and the work of Ibn al-Qayyim within this genre; the fourth provides an analytical survey of the main resources on which Ibn al-Qayyim built his maghāzī work; the fifth investigates first isnād criticism in the work of both Western and Muslim scholars and then analyses Ibn al-Qayyim's approach with respect to the isnād; the sixth chapter outlines the origin of matn criticism and explores the main methods of content criticism used by Ibn al-Qayyim to evaluate maghāzī narratives; finally comes the conclusion of the whole work which provides the main results of the present research and recommendations. The present thesis suggests that Ibn al-Qayyim's approach combines and intertwines between different methods applied by earlier traditionists, jurists and historians, by which he developed an advanced approach in critiquing and evaluating maghāzī narratives.
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Ahmad, Zair Asrar Bin Verfasser], and Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gabbert. "Numerical simulations of Lamb waves in plates using a semi-analytical finite element method / Zair Asrar Bin Ahmad. Betreuer: Ulrich Gabbert." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1047558769/34.
Full textBooks on the topic "Zār"
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Neguśu, Sisāy. Yaqenāt zār. [Addis Ababa]: Mégā kinaṭebabāt māʻekal, 1996.
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Nag̲h̲mah zār. Bhūpāl: Maktabah-yi Dānishkadah, 2000.
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Ḥasrat, Muḥammad Zubayr. Ghazal zār. Mardān: Da Adabī Dostāno Markah, 1990.
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K̲h̲vāb-i zār. 2nd ed. Bhūpāl: Maktabah-yi Dānishkadah, 2001.
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Arshad, Ṣiddīqī. K̲h̲vāb-i zār. Bhopāl: Maktabah-yi Dānishkadah, 1985.
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H̲āylu. Zār naw bašetāwā! [Stokholm], Sweden: [s.n.], 1988.
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Fareb-i zār: Nāvil. Ḥaidarābād: Idārah-yi Adabiyāt-i Urdū, 1999.
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Lālah zār-i dil. Tabrīz: S. Farnūdī, 2005.
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ʻAks-i zār: Majmūʻah-yi maz̤āmīn. Lakhnaʼū: ʻAlī Aḥmad Dānish, 1987.
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Maḥik, ʻUbayd Allāh. Gul pah jbah zār ke: Dāstān. [Kabul]: Da It̤t̤ilāʻāto aw Kultūr Wizārat da Khparawano Lawe Riyāsat, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Zār"
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Sellers-Young, Barbara. "The Zar." In Narrative in Performance, 21–35. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-352-00417-5_2.
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Welge, Katrin, William R. Maples, and Michael Browning. "Der Zar aller Russen." In Knochengeflüster, 185–202. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-5089-6_15.
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Boddy, Janice. "Zar, A History of." In Encyclopedia of African Religions and Philosophy, 713–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2068-5_400.
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Lombardi, Alex, Vinod Vaikuntanathan, and Daniel Wichs. "Statistical ZAPR Arguments from Bilinear Maps." In Advances in Cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2020, 620–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45727-3_21.
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Tomasehek, Wilhelm. "Zar historischen Topographie von Persien." In Zur Historischen Topographie von Persien, 89–180. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463215767-002.
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Kenyon, Susan M. "Slavery Remembered: Lessons from the Zar." In Spirits and Slaves in Central Sudan, 203–20. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137027504_11.
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Caron, Bernard. "Chapter 6. Comparison, similarity and simulation in Zaar, a Chadic language of Nigeria." In Similative and Equative Constructions, 167–88. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.117.07car.
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Grotzfeld, Sophia, and Wim Raven. "Ḥuṣrī, Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAlī al-: Zahr al-ādāb wa-ṯamar al-albāb." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_7439-1.
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Toledano, Ehud R. "The Fusion of Zar-Bori and Sufi Zikr as Performance: Enslaved Africans in the Ottoman Empire." In Medieval and Early Modern Performance in the Eastern Mediterranean, 215–40. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.lmems-eb.1.102270.
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Kobuch, Agatha. "Sachsen-Polen und Rußland im Großen Nordischen Krieg. Aspekte der Zusammenarbeit zwischen König August II. von Polen und Zar Peter I. von Rußland." In Aufbruch zur Moderne, 499–530. Köln: Böhlau Verlag, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/boehlau.9783412301330.499.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Zār"
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Abdelli, Hajer. "The Ejector Technology in Oued Zar plant." In SPE Production and Operations Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/134956-ms.
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Adedeji, Paul A., Obafemi O. Olatunji, Nkosinathi Madushele, and Nickey Janse van Rensburg. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar PV-Assisted Hydroponic System - A Case Study in Johannesburg, South Africa." In ASME 2022 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2022-86265.
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Abstract Nutrient film technology-based hydroponic systems are hydrophilic. Hence, a constant water supply is essential for the optimal yield and viability of the investment. Though the national grid could power water pumps for a hydroponic system in urban areas, incessant load shedding in South Africa has significantly affected the yield. Hence, the need for an alternative power supply for these systems. This study conducted a techno-economic analysis on a proposed solar photovoltaic (PV) for a hydroponic food garden located in Johannesburg. The case study constitutes one of the Urban Agricultural Initiatives (UAI) in the city. The optimal solar-PV sizing for the hydroponic system was developed. Two scenarios for powering the hydroponic system were investigated vis-à-vis the standalone solar-PV and national grid with solar-PV and battery backup. Among other cost functions, the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) was used to evaluate the systems. The simulations were performed using HOMER Pro tool for Microgrid Analysis to determine the profitability of the two alternative energy sources on the system. Among the two alternatives, the hybrid system offered a lower net present value (NPV) of 79, 156.74 (ZAR) and an LCOE of 0.47 (ZAR) compared with the standalone system with an NPV of 290,930.73 (ZAR) and an LCOE of 2.57 (ZAR). However, the indirect value chain of the hybrid solution is associated with environmental emissions. The results obtained from the two scenarios could be used as a model for powering other urban hydroponic systems in other geospatial locations. While system effectiveness is highly prioritized, an economical scenario that mitigates the load shedding effects and enhances the productivity of the hydroponic food garden is very vital.
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Loshakova, A. G. "SLAVIC MOTIFS IN AUSTRIAN LITERATURE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY." In Люди речисты - 2021. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-49-5-2021-294-304.
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Austrian literature was formed in the process of forming a multinational state. The mutual influence and interrelationship of different cultures was its integral feature. The Slavic "substratum" (A.V. Mikhailov) becomes an important sub-base of literary works of the XIX century. Fr. Grillparzer and A. Stifter create a utopia of a state in which both Germans and Slavs can live in friendship and harmony. Ch. Silsfield carefully studies the place of the Slavic peoples in the Habsburg Empire. F. von Zaar dreams of popular harmony in Austria at the end of the XIX century.
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Andrade, Talita Julha Pereira de, Lucas Barcelos Dias, Gabriel Burlandy Mota de Melo, Mariana Matos Arantes, and Daniele Gomes Carvalho. "ANÁLISE DA INFLUÊNCIA DO CONCRETO NO PROCESSO DE INDUÇÃO A CORROSÃO DO AÇO ZAR 280." In 72º Congresso Anual da ABM. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/1516-392x-30751.
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ADIGÜZEL, Ahmet. "ALİ BİN İSHAK’IN BÂHNÂMESİNDE FİİL ÇEKİMLERİ VE YAPILARI." In International Research Congress of Language and Literature of Language and Literature. Rmar Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/languagecongress978-605-065876-5.
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Bâh-nâmeler’in ana teması, konusu ve fikir yapısı, sağlıklı bir cinsellik, cinsel hastalıklar ve bu hastalıkların tedavisi için geleneksel çözüm arayışlarıdır. Bu eserler, içerdiği cinsel bilgilerin yanında ayrıca genel sağlık ve genel sağlıkla ilişkili olan bilim disiplinlerini de kapsayan birer genel sağlık ansiklopedileridir. Bāh-nāmeler, aslında geleneksel tedavi yöntemlerinin bilimsel tedavi yöntemlerine uyarlanmasıdır. Bu eserler, ayrıca cilt bakımı ve beden temizliğinin yaşam için gerekliliğini ve önemini de değerlendirmektedir. Genel ve cinsel sağlık alanlarında birçok bilim disiplinin malzemesini, unsurlarını barındıran bâh-nâmeler özellikle dil açısından da oldukça önemli ve zengin bir malzemeyle yazılmıştır. Bâh-nâmeler, Eski Türk dil unsurların yanında dil gelişim seyrini izleme açısından önemli eserler, kaynaklardır. Yaşam kalitesinin artması, ekonomik, sosyokültürel ilerlemeler, gelişmeler ve toplumsal değişimler konuşurların ölçünlü dillerinin ve dil gelişimine ve oluşmasına yardımcı olur. Teknoloji ve bilimde ilerleme, beraberinde bir dil zenginliği getirir. Fiiller, hareket, oluş, durum ve tavır bildiren yapılardır. Yapılan yeni icatlar, keşifler ve kullanılan yeni kavramlar, fiilleri daha işlevsel hale getirir ve cümlenin anlam yükünü taşıyan fiillerin çekimini daha önemli kılar. Türkçedeki kelimeler yapı, köken ve özellikleri bakımından üç temel birim olarak değerlendirilir: isimler, fiiller ve edatlar. Her ne kadar Banguoğlu ve Jean Deny gibi bazı dilbilimciler ünlem ve bağlaçları edattan ayrı yapılar olarak ele almışlarsa da Türk dilindeki kelime yapılarının tabii tasnifi açısından: 1. İsimler (Sıfatlar, zamirler ve zarflar) 2. Fiiller, 3. Edatlar (Bağlaçlar ve ünlemler) olarak üç ana bölümde toplanmaktadır. Türkçe fiil zengini bir dildir. Fiillerin haber ve dilek kipleri çekimleri ve bu zenginliği işlevsel hale getiren bir diğer husus fiil çekiminin esnekliğidir. Fiillerden türetilen fiilimsiler (Sıfat-fiil ve zar-fiiller cümle içerisinde geçici kelimeler üretir.) yüklem olarak kullanılabildiği gibi bir fiil çekime girdiğinde; fiilin kendisi, biçim ve zaman, şahıs unsurlarıyla çekimli fiil yapısını oluşturur. Çekimli fiiller cümlenin anlam bölümünü oluşturur. Fiil çekimi Türkçe cümle yapısında en az dört unsuru karşılar: hareket, biçim, zaman ve kişi. Cümlenin aslî unsuru olan çekimli fiil, tek başına cümlede ifade edilmek istenen anlamı taşıyabilir. Fiil çekimleri Türkçeye sonsuz anlam kazandırabilmektedir. Türkçede fiillerin yapıları incelendiğinde onları yapısal olarak da bir tasnife tabi tutmak gerekir: Kök fiiller, Türemiş fiiller ve Birleşik fiiller. Bu fiil yapıları da anlam içeriklerine göre farklılıklar teşkil etmektedirler: Hareket, iş oluş ve tavır bildirenler vd. Bâh-nâmede geçen fiiller tespit edilerek bu fiiller, hem çekimleri hem de yapıları bakımından incelendi
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Aidə Mütəllimova, Aidə Mütəllimova. "ÜZEYIR ÖMRÜ» BƏDII-SƏNƏDLI FILMINDƏ SƏNƏDLILIK ELEMETLƏRI." In THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC – PRACTICAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE IN MODERN & SOCIAL SCIENCES: NEW DIMENSIONS, APPROACHES AND CHALLENGES. IRETC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/mssndac-01-15.
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“Üzeyir ömrü” — iki seriyalı bәdii televiziya filmi. Keçmiş SSRİ Mәrkәzi Televiziyasının sifarişi ilә çәkilmişdir. Ssenari muәllifi vә quruluşçu rej. Anar, operator Zaur Mәhәrrәmov, rәssam Rafis İsmayılovdur. Film Hacıbəyovun ömür yolunun müxtәlif mәrhəlәlәrini әhatә edir, elәcә dә, onun әsәrlәrini (“Leyli vә Mәcnun”, “Koroğlu”, “ Әsli vә Kәrәm”, “Arşın mal alan”, “Әr vә arvad”, “0 olmasın, bu olsun”) ekranda canlandırır. Hacıbəyovun uşaqlığını Yalçın Әfәndiyev, yetkin vә yaşlı çağlarını Hüseynağa Atakişiyev ifa edir. Filmdә Hacıbəyovun müasirlәrinin, sәnәt dostlarının — X. Natәvan (Nәcibә Mәlikova), H. Zәrdabi (Әli Zeynalov), Ә. Haqverdiyev (R. Rüstәmzadә), H. Әrәblinski (Mikayıl Kәrimov), H. Sarabski (Mikayıl Mirzә), Q. Pirimov (Ramiz Quliyev), M. Maqomayev (Mәmmәd Mәmmәdov), Z. Hacıbәyov (Yaşar Nuri), Ş. Mәmmәdova (Maya İsgәndәrova), Mәleykә xanım (Hәmidә Ömәrova) vә başqalarının obrazları yaradılmışdır. Tamaşaçılar ekranda H. Sarabskini, Bülbülü, Ş. Mәmmәdovanı, R. Behbudovu, Z. Xanlarovanı, M. Maqomayevi (nәvә) görür vә dinlәyirlәr. Filmә daxil edilmiş Aparıcı surәti (Tofiq Mirzәyev) onu bәdii-sәnәdli araşdırma, tele-esse janrının nümunәsi kimi qiymәtlәndirmәyә imkan verir. Film dәfәlәrlә Rusiya vә Azәrbaycan Televiziyaları ilә nümayiş etdirilmiş, haqqında çoxlu resenziyalar dәrc olunmuşdur. Rejissor yüksək inkişaf etmiş kinotexnikadan bacarıqla bəhrələnib. 1945-ci ildə lentə alınan filmin ilk variantı kinotexnika ilə əlaqədar əsasən interyerlərdə lentə alınmışdı. Bu variant həm rəngli, həm də genişekranlı idi. Novatorluğu ilə səciyyələnən sənətkarın rejissurasında aktyor oyunu, dövrün təcəssümü, müxtəlif bədii tapıntılar diqqəti cəlb edir. Rejissor qayəsinin ifadəsinə çevrilən dolğun təsvirlər bədii fikrin açılmasında xüsusi rol oynayır. Tofiq Tağızadənin quruluşunda səhnələr ekran kompozisiyası baxımından bitkinliyilə seçilir. Filmdə rejissor Üzeyir Hacıbəylinin nəfəsini qorumağa çalışır. Tarixi obrazlarla aktyorların zahiri görünüşünün son dərəcə oxşar olması bioqrafik janrın estetikası çərçivəsindədir. Üzeyir Hacıbəyli haqqında bir neçə sənədli film də çəkilib. Bu filmlərin hər birində Üzeyir bəyin canlı obrazı ilə qarşılaşmaq mümkündür. Onlarda dahi sənətkarın həyat və yaradıcılıq yolunun ən qiymətli anları əbədiləşdirilib. Üzeyir Hacıbəyov haqqında çəkilmiş “Üzeyir ömrü” adlı film, Üzeyir şəxsiyyətinə, sənətkarlığına qoyulmuş bir bədii heykəldir. Film Üzeyir Hacıbəylinin uşaqlıq çağlarından olan epizodlarla başlayır. Filmin rejissoru Üzeyir Hacıbəyli böyüklüyünü uğurla verə bilib. Çox şübhəsiz ki, hər hansı bir rejissor çəkəcəyi filmin ssenarisinə istinad edir. Amma, filmin harada hansı məkanda çəkilməsi də, əsas şərtlərdəndir. Filmin ilkin epizodları Şuşada çəkilsə də, onun yetkinlik çağı Bakı mühiti ilə bağlıdır. Bu filmdə rolların da uğurla bölünməsi, dahi bir sənətkarın ömür yoluna işıq salan filmin yüksək səviyyədə alınmasına-Üzeyir Hacıbəylinin bir sənətkar kimi sənət aminə hər cür fədakarlığı göz önündə canlanır. Çoxşaxəli ömür həyat yolu keçən, Üzeyir Hacıbəylinin haqqında çəkilən bu Üzeyir ömrü adlı film sənətkar sənətinə verilən bədii bir görüntü olmaqla qalmayıb, böyük bəstəkarın lentlərdə əbədiləşən heykəlidir. Təbii ki, bir məqalə həcmində böyük düha sahibi Üzeyir Hacıbəylinin həyat yolu, istərsə də, ona həsr olunmuş film haqqında geniş danışmaq imkanı yoxdur. 1920-ci ildən şərqdə qurulan ilk müstəqil respublikada sonrakı 70 illik sovet dövründə SSRİ adlı məkanda yaşayan xalqların içərisində Azərbaycan adlı məkan da, onlarca dünya miqyaslı böyük sənətkarlar yetişdilər. Təkcə musiqi sahəsində millətimizi bəşəriyyətə tanıtdıran sənətkarlar Üzeyir Hacıbəyli məktəbinin yetirdiyi sənətkarlardı desək, fikrimizi daha dəqiq çatdırmış olarıq. Bəstəkarlıq sahəsində Fikrət Əmirov, Qara Qarayev, Arif Məlikov, Müslüm Maqomayev,Niyazi kimi bəstəkarlar və rejissorlar Üzeyir xeyirxahlığını, böyüklüyünü, üstadlığını öz söhbət və xatirələrində səmimiyyətlə göstərmiş, Üzeyir Hacıbəyli adını hörmətlə, ehtiramla anmışlar. Belə yanaşmanın başqa bir adı da qədirşünaslıqdır. Üzeyir Hacıbəyli ilə eyni yolun yolçusu, eyni sənətin təmsilçiləri bu böyük sənətkarı qiymətləndirməklə, öz şəxsiyyətlərinin, insanlıqlarının ucalığını təsdiqləyən amildir. Dahi bəstəkar Üzeyir Hacıbəyliyə həsr olunan “Üzeyir ömrü” və ya “Uzun ömrün akkordları” bədii filmində sənədli film elemetlərindən böyük ustalıqla istifadə olunmuşdur. Üzeyir Hacıbəylinin əsərləri, tamaşaları, həyat yolu ilə bağlı olan bir çox real faktlar bunun aydın sübutudur. Açar sözlər: Dahi bəstəkar, millətimizi bəşəriyyətə tanıtdıran sənətkarlar.
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Смирнова, Л. О. "The Dating of a Manor at the Site of Hisorak in Tajikistan." In Hypanis. Труды отдела классической археологии ИА РАН. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.2019.978-5-94375-307-7.142-161.
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Городище Хисорак известно уже давно, и последние 10 лет его активно исследует Пенджикентская археологическая экспедиция. Однако несмотря на это, да - тировка городища не установлена. В статье описана история изучения городища Хисо - рак, сделано общее описание памятника, прослежен порядок возведения исследуемых на городище объектов. Самым поздним из видимых на поверхности объектов казался Замок коридорно-гребенчатой планировки (Цитадель II), для его строительства были частично разобраны стены Дворца, украшенного живописью и резными панелями (Цита - дель I). Основным материалом для настоящей работы стали раскопки объекта Усадьба 1 на шахристане, при исследовании которого было выделено три строительных периода. Для датировки Усадьбы 1 автор проанализировал как формировались слои на объекте, выделил строительные периоды и максимально чистые комплексы керамики. Особен - ность Усадьбы в том, что лишь в одном из девяти помещений на полу была найдена керамика почти целый котел. Так как основной керамический материал это фраг - менты из строительных конструкций (кирпичей и строительного раствора), то мы мо - жем говорить только о строительных периодах Хисорака и лишь предполагать периоды обживания. Поиск аналогий формам и, в основном, венчикам сосудов осуществлялся как в памятниках верховьев Зеравшана (Холикназар, Мустафотепа, Тали Хамтуда), так и за пределами этого региона: на Афрасиабе, в Топрак-кале, Мерве, Зар-тепе, Термезе, Дальверзин-тепе, Кампыртепа и др. памятниках. Результатом исследования стало два вывода: 1. Два первых строительных периода Усадьбы можно датировать 4 и рубежом 56 вв. соответственно, третий 1011 в. 2. На самом городище в целом можно выде - лить три независимых периода обживания 35 вв. (Усадьба 1 и Дворец (Цитадель I)), 78 вв. замок (Цитадель II) и период обживания развалин 1011 вв. In the course of the last ten years the site of Hisorak has been actively explored by the Penjikent archaeological expedition of the State Hermitage. However, the date of the foundation of the site is still unknown. The present article surveys the results of archaeological works at the site, presents its general description and traces the sequence of the principal struc - tures built there. The latest of these buildings is the Castle with corridors (Citadel 2). Materials for the Castle were obtained from the partly dismantled Palace (Citadel 1), its walls decorated with paintings and carved panels. The principal interest for our study presents the object convention - ally indicated as Manor 1 within the Shahristan. Three building periods have been distinguished there. To date them it was necessary to distinguish sets of pottery obtained from each strata. Only one of the nine excavated rooms revealed a whole ceramic form, a cattle. The major part of ceramic materials are small fragments found within walls and other constructions, so one can talk only of the building periods but not of the time when the structures were used as dwellings. Parallels to the forms discovered, most of them rims of vessels, come from the sites of the Upper Zeravshan (Kholiknazar, Mustafotepa, Tali Hamtuda) as well as beyond this area (from Aftasiab, Topraq Qala, Merv, Zar-tepe, Dalverzin, Kampyr-tepe and other sites). The results of our investigations allow us to make two statesments: 1) The first two building periods of Manor 1 can be dated to the turn of the 5th and 6th centuries ad, and the third to the 10th11th centuries. 2) there were three distinct periods of dwelling traceable for the whole site: the 3rd5th centuries (Manor 1 and the Palace Citadel 1), 7th8th centuries (the Castle Citadel 2) and the period of its inhabitants living among ruins 10th11th centurues.