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Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 July 2024
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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1

Barjola, Arturo, Jorge Escorihuela, Andreu Andrio, Enrique Giménez, and Vicente Compañ. "Enhanced Conductivity of Composite Membranes Based on Sulfonated Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) (SPEEK) with Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs)." Nanomaterials 8, no. 12 (December 13, 2018): 1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8121042.

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The zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) ZIF-8, ZIF-67, and a Zn/Co bimetallic mixture (ZMix) were synthesized and used as fillers in the preparation of composite sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membranes. The presence of the ZIFs in the polymeric matrix enhanced proton transport relative to that observed for SPEEK or ZIFs alone. The real and imaginary parts of the complex conductivity were obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and the temperature and frequency dependence of the real part of the conductivity were analyzed. The results at different temperatures show that the direct current (dc) conductivity was three orders of magnitude higher for composite membranes than for SPEEK, and that of the SPEEK/ZMix membrane was higher than those for SPEEK/Z8 and SPEEK/Z67, respectively. This behavior turns out to be more evident as the temperature increases: the conductivity of the SPEEK/ZMix was 8.5 × 10−3 S·cm−1, while for the SPEEK/Z8 and SPEEK/Z67 membranes, the values were 2.5 × 10−3 S·cm−1 and 1.6 × 10−3 S·cm−1, respectively, at 120 °C. Similarly, the real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric constant were obtained, and an analysis of tan δ was carried out for all of the membranes under study. Using this value, the diffusion coefficient and the charge carrier density were obtained using the analysis of electrode polarization (EP).
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2

Hosseini Grouh, Mohammad Sadat, Kourosh Vahdati, Mahmoud Lotfi, Darab Hassani, and Nejat Pirvali Biranvand. "Production of Haploids in Persian Walnut through Parthenogenesis Induced by Gamma-irradiated Pollen." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 136, no. 3 (May 2011): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.136.3.198.

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We report the first successful regeneration of haploid lines in persian walnut (Juglans regia) developed by in situ parthenogenesis followed by embryo rescue. Female flowers of cultivars Hartley and Pedro and two native Iranian selections (Z63 and Z67) were pollinated using pollen of selections Z53 and Z30 that had been irradiated with gamma rays at five doses (50, 150, 300, 600, and 900 Gy). Gamma-irradiated pollen induced fruit set and development of some parthenogenetic embryos. The immature embryos were excised 30 and 45 days after pollination, cultured in vitro, and then stratified for 30 days at 4 °C to overcome dormancy. Ploidy level of the resulting plantlets was determined by chromosome counting and flow cytometry. Haploid plants were obtained from ‘Hartley’, ‘Pedro’, Z63, and Z67 after pollination using pollen irradiated at 300 and 600 Gy. Plants obtained from pollen irradiated at 50 and 150 Gy were all diploid. Molecular marker analysis using four simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers also showed that all the diploid plants recovered were zygotic and no spontaneous double haploid plants were obtained in this work. Also, the haploid plantlets presented only one allele of their female parents. These profiles confirmed the parthenogenetic origin of the obtained haploid plants. The techniques used to induce haploid walnut plants by irradiated pollen were successful and could be used in breeding programs and accelerate genome analysis in this plant in which the genome size is approximately three times the size of the human genome.
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3

Aslamarz, Asadolah Aslani, Kourosh Vahdati, Majid Rahemi, and Darab Hassani. "Estimation of Chilling and Heat Requirements of Some Persian Walnut Cultivars and Genotypes." HortScience 44, no. 3 (June 2009): 697–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.44.3.697.

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The objective of this work was to determine the chilling and heat requirements of Persian walnut cultivars and genotypes using excised twigs. The experiment was carried out from Nov. 2006 and 2007 to Mar. 2007 and 2008. One-year-old twigs were prepared from four cultivars and four domestic genotypes of Juglans regia L. After leaf fall, the twigs were taken and placed in plastic bags and kept at 4 ± 1 °C to stimulate 400 to 1500 chilling hours. After chilling, the excised twigs were transferred to the greenhouse with a natural photoperiod and a temperature from 18 to 27 °C. The evaluation of budbreak was made three times a week and the number of accumulated growing degree hours (°C) was determined until the buds reached the balloon or green tip stage. The chilling requirements were lowest (400 h) for catkins and highest (1000 h) for lateral buds. The Serr cultivar and ‘Z30’ genotype had the lowest chilling requirements (650 and 650 h). ‘Lara’, ‘Z63’, ‘Z53’, ‘Pedro’, and ‘Z67’ showed intermediate chilling requirements with values of 900, 900, 800, 750, and 750 h, respectively. Finally, ‘Hartley’ completed its dormancy after an accumulation of 1000 h, being the walnut cultivar with the highest chilling requirement in our study. As the final result, the cultivars and genotypes were classified into three groups based on their heat requirements: low requirement (‘Z30’ and ‘Serr’), medium requirement (‘Z53’, ‘Z67’, ‘Lara’, and ‘Pedro’), and high requirement (‘Hartley’ and ‘Z63’).
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4

Conceição, Patrícia Marluci da, Henrique Duarte Vieira, Luciano Pasqualoto Canellas, Roberto Batista Marques Júnior, and Fábio Lopes Olivares. "Recobrimento de sementes de milho com ácidos húmicos e bactérias diazotróficas endofíticas." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 43, no. 4 (April 2008): 545–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2008000400015.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do recobrimento de sementes de milho com ácidos húmicos (AH), bactérias diazotróficas endofíticas e o uso em conjunto de AH e bactérias diazotróficas endofíticas, na estimulação do crescimento vegetal e na população de bactérias estabelecidas na planta hospedeira. A adição de AH, bactérias e o uso em conjunto estimularam o crescimento vegetal. Os AH utilizados no recobrimento de sementes de milho têm menor capacidade de estimular o crescimento radicular, em comparação ao uso em solução. O recobrimento de sementes é uma opção de inoculação de bactérias diazotróficas endofíticas da espécie Herbaspirillum seropedicae (Z67).
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5

Serrato, R. V., G. L. Sassaki, L. M. Cruz, R. W. Carlson, A. Muszyński, R. A. Monteiro, F. O. Pedrosa, E. M. Souza, and M. Iacomini. "Chemical composition of lipopolysaccharides isolated from various endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the genus Herbaspirillum." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 56, no. 4 (April 2010): 342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w10-011.

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Bacteria from the genus Herbaspirillum are endophytes responsible for nitrogen fixation in gramineous plants of economic importance such as maize, sugarcane, sorghum, rice, and wheat. Some species are known to produce plant growth substances. In contrast, Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans strains are known to be mild plant pathogens. The molecular communication between the plant and the microbes might involve lipopolysaccharides present in the outer membrane of these gram-negative bacteria. Phenol–water extraction was used to obtain lipopolysaccharides from 7 strains of Herbaspirillum seropedicae (SmR1, Z67, Z78, ZA95, and M2) and H. rubrisubalbicans (M1 and M4). The electrophoretic profiles and chemical composition of the lipopolysaccharides obtained in the phenol and aqueous extracts were shown herein.
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6

James, Euan K., Prasad Gyaneshwar, Natarajan Mathan, Wilfredo L. Barraquio, Pallavolu M. Reddy, Pietro P. M. Iannetta, Fabio L. Olivares, and Jagdish K. Ladha. "Infection and Colonization of Rice Seedlings by the Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium Herbaspirillum seropedicae Z67." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 15, no. 9 (September 2002): 894–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2002.15.9.894.

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A β-glucoronidase (GUS)-marked strain of Herbaspirillum seropedicae Z67 was inoculated onto rice seedling cvs. IR42 and IR72. Internal populations peaked at over 106 log CFU per gram of fresh weight by 5 to 7 days after inoculation (DAI) but declined to 103 to 104 log CFU per gram of fresh weight by 28 DAI. GUS staining was most intense on coleoptiles, lateral roots, and at the junctions of some of the main and lateral roots. Bacteria entered the roots via cracks at the points of lateral root emergence, with cv. IR72 appearing to be more aggressively infected than cv. IR42. H. seropedicae subsequently colonized the root intercellular spaces, aerenchyma, and cortical cells, with a few penetrating the stele to enter the vascular tissue. Xylem vessels in leaves and stems were extensively colonized at 2 DAI but, in later harvests (7 and 13 DAI), a host defense reaction was often observed. Dense colonies of H. seropedicae with some bacteria expressing nitrogenase Fe-protein were seen within leaf and stem epidermal cells, intercellular spaces, and substomatal cavities up until 28 DAI. Epiphytic bacteria were also seen. Both varieties showed nitrogenase activity but only with added C, and the dry weights of the inoculated plants were significantly increased. Only cv. IR42 showed a significant (approximately 30%) increase in N content above that of the uninoculated controls, and it also incorporated a significant amount of 15N2.
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7

Wagh, Jitendra, Sonal Shah, Praveena Bhandari, G. Archana, and G. Naresh Kumar. "Heterologous expression of pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq) gene cluster confers mineral phosphate solubilization ability to Herbaspirillum seropedicae Z67." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 98, no. 11 (February 28, 2014): 5117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-5610-1.

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8

Conceição, Patrícia Marluci da, Henrique Duarte Vieira, Luciano Pasqualoto Canellas, Fábio Lopes Olivares, and Priscila Soraia da Conceição. "Efeito dos ácidos húmicos na inoculação de bactérias diazotróficas endofíticas em sementes de milho." Ciência Rural 39, no. 6 (July 10, 2009): 1880–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782009005000137.

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Os ácidos húmicos podem atuar no aumento da população de bactérias diazotróficas introduzidas no interior da planta e, consequentemente, no incremento dos efeitos benéficos sobre a planta hospedeira. Com este trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito dos ácidos húmicos na inoculação de bactérias diazotróficas endofíticas, em sementes de milho. Foi utilizada a estirpe Herbaspirillum seropedicae Z67 BR 11175. A inoculação das sementes com as bactérias e a adição de ácidos húmicos foram realizadas pelo recobrimento das sementes de milho UENF 506-8, com a mistura de calcário, meio de cultura semisólido, água e cimentante. As sementes recobertas foram semeadas em vasos Leonard. Aos 40 dias após a semeadura, as plântulas foram coletadas, e foi realizada a contagem de bactérias nas raízes pela técnica do Número Mais Provável. Os resultados deste trabalho mostram que os ácidos húmicos não interferem negativamente no crescimento das bactérias e estimulam a colonização da microbiota nativa. No entanto, nas condições avaliadas, a aplicação conjunta de bactérias + ácidos húmicos não estimulou o crescimento da população de bactérias inoculadas nas plântulas de milho.
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9

Conceição, Patrícia Marluci da, Henrique Duarte Vieira, Roberto Ferreira da Silva, and Silvia de Carvalho Campos. "Germinação e vigor de sementes de milho recobertas e viabilidade do inóculo durante o armazenamento." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 33, no. 3 (June 2009): 765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542009000300015.

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Conduziu-se este trabalho com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes recobertas com diferentes misturas e armazenadas, assim como a sobrevivência das células bacterianas no recobrimento destas. Utilizou-se neste estudo a estirpe H. seropedicae Z67 BR 11175. O recobrimento das sementes de milho 'UENF 506-8' foi realizado com a mistura de calcário, meio de cultura semi-sólido, água e cimentante. As sementes foram acondicionadas durante três meses, em sacos de papel multifoliado e armazenadas em duas condições: ambiente de laboratório (temperatura média de 26,2 ºC e UR média de 61,5%) e câmara BOD. A cada 30 dias de armazenamento, foram efetuadas determinações do teor de água, contagem de bactérias e avaliações da qualidade fisiológica das sementes. O recobrimento das sementes não altera a perda natural da qualidade fisiológica das sementes durante o armazenamento. Dentre as condições de armazenamento estudadas, a mais adequada para a manutenção das sementes foi a temperatura média de 26,4 ºC e UR média de 61,5 %. As células bacterianas foram observadas nas raízes das plântulas oriundas de sementes revestidas com bactéria, armazenadas por até 60 dias independente da condição de armazenamento.
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10

Wagh, Jitendra, Praveena Bhandari, Sonal Shah, G. Archana, and G. Naresh Kumar. "Overexpression of citrate operon in Herbaspirillum seropedicae Z67 enhances organic acid secretion, mineral phosphate solubilization and growth promotion of Oryza sativa." Plant and Soil 383, no. 1-2 (June 8, 2014): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2161-2.

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11

Землянская, А. П. "Civil and patriotic education of modern teenagers." Management of Education, no. 3 (May 30, 2021): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25726/z6874-8944-8134-r.

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Современная агрессия и мировые конфликты вызвали волну патриотизма, которая всколыхнула не одну страну. Сейчас в экспертной среде ряда европейских стран и мировых центрах активно обсуждаются новые подходы по вопросу патриотического воспитания в условиях роста уровня террористической угрозы и неконтролируемой миграционной волны в мире. Положительную роль в патриотическом и военно-патриотическом воспитании подростков во многих странах мира сыграла и продолжает играть общественная система воспитания Скаутское движение (скаутинг, англ. Scouting) – международное неполитическое молодежное движение, которое призвано поддерживать физическое, умственное и духовное развитие молодежи, повышать ее роль в обществе. Началом движения считается 1907 г., а основателем генерал-лейтенант британской армии Р. Баден-Пауэлл (англ. Robert Baden-Powell). В статье рассмотрены роль и место гражданско-патриотического воспитания в системе обеспечения национальной безопасности. Исследованы особенности патриотического и военно-патриотического воспитания в ведущих странах мира. Проанализирована эффективность организации и ведения гражданско-патриотического воспитания, разработаны предложения по повышению эффективности деятельности в этой сфере. Modern aggression and world conflicts have caused a wave of patriotism that has stirred up more than one country. Currently, the expert community of a number of European countries and world centers is actively discussing new approaches to the issue of patriotic education in the context of the growing level of the terrorist threat and the uncontrolled migration wave in the world. A positive role in the patriotic and military-patriotic education of adolescents in many countries of the world has been played and continues to be played by the public education system of the Scout Movement (Scouting, English Scouting) – an international non-political youth movement that is designed to support the physical, mental and spiritual development of young people, to increase their role in society. The beginning of the movement is considered to be 1907, and the founder is Lieutenant General of the British Army R. Baden-Powell (Eng. Robert Baden-Powell). The article considers the role and place of civil-patriotic education in the system of ensuring national security. The features of patriotic and military-patriotic education in the leading countries of the world are studied. The effectiveness of the organization and conduct of civil and patriotic education is analyzed, and proposals for improving the effectiveness of activities in this area are developed.
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12

Vahdati, Kourosh, Naser Lotfi, Bahman Kholdebarin, Darab Hassani, Reza Amiri, Mohammad Reza Mozaffari, and Charles Leslie. "Screening for Drought-tolerant Genotypes of Persian Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) During Seed Germination." HortScience 44, no. 7 (December 2009): 1815–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.44.7.1815.

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The effects of osmotic stress induced by polyethylene glycol on the seed germination of 16 walnut genotypes (‘Z30’, ‘Z53’, ‘Z67’, ‘Z60’, ‘Z63’, ‘K72’, ‘B21’, ‘V30’, ‘Panegine20’, ‘Hartley’, ‘Pedro’, ‘Vina’, ‘Lara’, ‘Serr’, ‘Ronde de Montignac’, and ‘Chandler’) of Juglans regia L. were studied. Potted seeds were kept under controlled conditions (12/12-h light/dark photoperiod and 25 ± 1 °C) during the experiments. The objective was to screen genotypes and determine the critical range of osmotic potential (ψS) for walnut seeds during germination. Decreasing the ψS of the germination solutions markedly reduced germination percentage in all genotypes, but there were variations in degree among the genotypes. The Z genotypes were the most sensitive to osmotic stress, and their germination rates were the lowest at ψS more negative than –0.75 MPa. Cluster analysis produced a dendrogram with four groups differing in their tolerance to osmotic stress. Based on factor analysis, four factors explained 90.45% of data total variance. Factor analysis showed that tissue fresh and dry weight, tissue water content, and thickness were the most important traits under drought condition. Regression analysis failed to show a significant relationship between percent germination and either seed weight (r2 = 0.0601) or kernel weight (r2 = 0.0258).
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13

Wagh, Jitendra, Kumar Chanchal, Shah Sonal, Bhandari Praveena, G. Archana, and G. Naresh Kumar. "Inoculation of genetically modified endophytic Herbaspirillum seropedicae Z67 endowed with gluconic and 2-ketogluconic acid secretion, confers beneficial effects on rice (Oriza sativa) plants." Plant and Soil 409, no. 1-2 (June 9, 2016): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2937-7.

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14

Yin, Jiulong, Hai Tang, Di Liu, Tingting Huang, and Lei Zhu. "Application of ZIF-67 as a crosslinker to prepare sulfonated polysulfone mixed-matrix membranes for enhanced water permeability and separation properties." Water Science and Technology 84, no. 1 (May 28, 2021): 144–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.202.

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Abstract High-performance sulfonated polysulfone (SPSf) mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) were fabricated via a nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) method using zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-67 (ZIF-67) as a crosslinker. Acid-base crosslinking occurred between the sulfonic acid groups of SPSf and the tertiary amine groups of the embedded ZIF-67, which improved the dispersion of ZIF-67 and simultaneously improved the membrane strzcture and permselectivity. The dispersion of ZIF-67 in the MMMs and the acid-base crosslinking reaction were verified by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The pore structure analysis of MMMs indicated that filling ZIF-67 into SPSf enhanced the average surface pore sizes, surface porosities and more micropore in cross-sections. The crossflow filtrations showed the MMMs have higher pure water fluxes (57 to 111 L m−2 h−1) than the SPSf membrane (55 L m−2 h−1) but also higher bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection rate of 93.9–95.8%, a model protein foulant. The MMMs showed a higher water contact angle than the SPSf membrane due to the addition of hydrophobic ZIF-67 and acid-base crosslinking, and also maintained high thermal stability evidenced by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results. At the optimal ZIF-67 concentration of 0.3 wt%, the water flux of the SPSf-Z67-0.3 membrane was 82 L m−2 h−1 with a high BSA rejection rate of 95.3% at 0.1 MPa and better antifouling performance (FRR = 70%).
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15

Aslamarz, Asadolah Aslani, Kourosh Vahdati, Majid Rahemi, Darab Hassani, and Charles Leslie. "Supercooling and Cold-hardiness of Acclimated and Deacclimated Buds and Stems of Persian Walnut Cultivars and Selections." HortScience 45, no. 11 (November 2010): 1662–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.45.11.1662.

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To study the cold-hardiness of Persian walnut cultivars and selections, three methods were compared: 1) thermal analysis; 2) evaluation of tissue health after controlled freezing; and 3) field observations after a severe midwinter freeze. Stem segments and buds were collected from eight Persian walnut genotypes (four commercial cultivars and four promising Iranian selections). Thermal analysis was conducted using thermoelectric modules (TEM) to measure the high (HTE) and low (LTE) temperature exotherms produced when water and tissues freeze. TEM signals were recorded as the temperature of the samples was decreased at a rate of 2 °C/h. Tissue injury under controlled temperatures was evaluated using pre-chilled stem segments cooled at 2 °C/h to set temperatures ranging from –5 to –30 °C and then held at these temperatures for 16 h. Frozen samples were thawed and visually evaluated for severity of injury. Cold damage under field conditions was evaluated after an unusually severe winter freeze. Twigs from affected trees were removed in mid-February and in April and visually rated for extent of injury and ability to recover. The occurrence of LTEs was correlated with death of the tissues as assessed by tissue browning. Both the capacity to supercool and the cold-hardiness of cultivars and selections tested increased with accumulated seasonal chilling and decreased as they approached spring budbreak. Thermal analysis showed a tendency for buds and stems to exhibit multiple LTEs at peak dormancy. The cultivars and selections were classified into three groups based on their cold-hardiness: sensitive (‘Z30’ and ‘Serr’), semihardy (‘Z53’ and ‘Z67’), and hardy (‘Lara’, ‘Hartley’, ‘Z63’, and ‘Pedro’).
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Xu, Yong, Ruiyun Zhang, Junjie Zhu, Zhiyi Guo, Di Jin, Lei Qian, Yang Yang, and Haige Chen. "Strategically Staged Tumor Ablation and Inflammation Suppression Using Shell‐Core Nanoparticles to Eradicate Bladder Tumors and Prevent Recurrence." Advanced Functional Materials, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202402078.

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AbstractNanomedicine shows promise in the therapy of eradicating bladder tumors and preventing tumor recurrence caused by cancer‐related inflammation. Shell‐core structured BNN6/Z8@ALA/Z67 nanoparticles with sequential release kinetics is designed, aiming to eliminate tumors and curb inflammation, thereby ablating bladder tumors and preventing their recurrence. The shell of this nanoparticle comprises zeolitic imidazolate framework‐67 (Z67) and 5­aminolevulinic acid (ALA), while the core comprises zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (Z8) and N,N’‐di‐sec‐butyl‐N,N’‐dinitroso‐1,4‐phenylenediamine (BNN6). Modified with polydopamine‐methoxypolyethylene glycol amine, these nanoparticles efficiently target bladder tumors. In the acidic tumor environment, the outer‐layered Z67 breaks down rapidly, releasing ALA, which transforms into protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in mitochondria. Additionally, the degraded Z67 triggers the conversion of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen, aiding PpIX to generate reactive oxygen species under ultrasound, facilitating tumor ablation. As Z67 decomposes, the inner‐layered Z8 releases BNN6 in the acidic environment. Ultrasound exposure prompts the release of nitric oxide, effectively reducing inflammation. Under ultrasound, BNN6/Z8@ALA/Z67 showcased outstanding staged anti‐tumor and anti‐inflammatory effects in both in vitro and murine subcutaneous tumor model tests, and effectively prevents tumor recurrence in rat bladder tumor models. These findings underscore the promising potential of the designed shell‐core nanoparticle with staged tumor ablation and inflammation suppression in preventing bladder tumor recurrence.
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Wang, Liping, Fanhui Meng, Pengfei Ding, Muhammad Asif Nawaz, and Zhong Li. "Highly active and selective ZIF‐derived cobalt catalyst for methanol conversion to dimethyl carbonate." Applied Organometallic Chemistry, May 23, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.7537.

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The oxidative carbonylation of methanol to synthesize dimethyl carbonate (DMC) has been extensively studied over Cu‐based catalysts, but the activity and selectivity are not high. The Co catalysts exhibit high DMC selectivity, but the difficulty in recycling homogeneous Co catalyst and the low conversion of heterogeneous Co catalyst limit the application of Co catalysts. Here, the core–shell ZIFs materials were synthesized and carbonized to obtain solid core–shell cobalt catalysts, and then the catalytic performance for methanol conversion to DMC was investigated. The CoNC@NC catalyst, carbonized from Z67@Z8 with Z67 as the core and Z8 as the shell, shows that the carbonized NC shell effectively suppressed the aggregation of Co NPs and the Co NPs were only 15.4 nm, which was much smaller than those of NC@CoNC (34.5 nm) and CoNC (48.1 nm) catalysts. Compared with the CoNC catalyst, CoNC@NC significantly improved the pulse chemisorption of CH3OH and CO, leading to a significant increase in methanol conversion from 6.9% to 17.1%. Furthermore, the deactivation rate of the CoNC@NC catalyst (22.8%) was much lower than that of CoNC (59.4%) after five reaction cycles. The results of this work provide a new strategy for the design and preparation of solid cobalt catalysts for the oxidative carbonylation of methanol to DMC.
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18

Tsuruta, Kenji, Hiroo Totsuji, and Chieko Totsuji. "Parallel Tight-Binding Simulations of Nanophase Ceramics: Atomic and Electronic Transport at Grain Boundaries." MRS Proceedings 653 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-653-z6.7.

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AbstractWe report on tight-binding molecular dynamics (TBMD) of neck formation processes and atomistic and electronic diffusivity at grain boundaries of nanocrystalline silicon carbide. The TBMD simulations are based on an O(N) algorithm (the Fermi-operator expansion method) for calculating electronic contributions to energy and forces. The code has been fully parallelized on our PC-based parallel machines. The TBMD simulations of collision of SiC nanospheres show that the processes of neck formation depend strongly on contact angles between the two grains. Atomic diffusions are quite different in the necks formed with different angles. Also, the electronic transport property at grain boundary is investigated via a TB representation of an electronic diffusivity. A preliminary result on the diffusivity at a Σ=9 grain boundary of SiC indicates significant enhancement of electron mobility along the grain boundary.
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