Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Youth Tuvalu Sexual behavior'
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Wilson, Jodi L. "Sexual Behavior Among Ohio Youth: An Analysis of Data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1560866752557457.
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Cooksey, Christy. "Factors Associated with Risky Sexual Behavior Among Homeless Youth." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc67969/.
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Homeless youth face numerous risks. Data on 602 homeless youth from the Midwest Homeless and Runaway Study and binary logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with their participation in risky sexual behaviors. Specifically, the effects of abuse/neglect and three potential moderating resiliency indicators, namely self-esteem, parental warmth, and parental monitoring, on having sex before adulthood and thinking about trading sex for food or shelter were examined. While none of the three resiliency indicators had the hypothesized moderating effects, controlling for abuse/neglect and various sociodemographic characteristics, parental monitoring had a direct, negative effect on having sex before adulthood, and self-esteem and parental warmth had direct, negative effects on thinking about trading sex for food or shelter. Policy implications of the findings are discussed.
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Hendricks, Eleanor Alvira. "The perception of the effectiveness of sexual education as a means of reducing pregnancies in the Blue Crane Route municipality." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015435.
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Adolescent pregnancy among students across South Africa is a growing concern. The high incidence of dropping out of school results in greatly diminished chances of success and independence for many. Sex education forms part of the life orientation curriculum, and it has been put in place by the Department of Education as a measure to reduce the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy. Parents of adolescents play a vital role in educating their children on sexual matters, secondary to that is community educations on sexual matters in aid of uplifting communities. The aim of the study was to explore the perception of how effective sex education could be a means of reducing pregnancies in the Blue Crane Route Municipality. To achieve this aim, three objectives and three research questions were articulated. The objectives were to explore the course content of life orientation provided to adolescents, to investigate by questioning adolescents concerning the importance of life orientation in their lives and to examine the factors responsible for the escalation of adolescent pregnancies in the municipality. The research questions were: How adequate was the course content of life orientation in helping adolescents in their sexual lives? How useful was life orientation to adolescent girls? What are the factors that increase the incidence of adolescent pregnancies in the municipality? Qualitative data was obtained through semi-structured interviews; focus group discussions were conducted with students, social workers and life orientation educators and observations made by them were recorded. Data was analysed thematically and was supported by relevant literature. The findings revealed that sex education is not effective in reducing pregnancies in the Blue Crane Route Municipality. The figures for adolescent pregnancy in schools have increased since 2007, when sex education was introduced as part of the life orientation curriculum. Accordingly, it is recommended that the Department of Education should re-evaluate the curriculum and appoint educators who are sufficiently trained in life orientation to make learners properly aware of the consequences of unwanted pregnancies.
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Kelm, Charles. "Exploring the effects of specialized sexual behavior treatment on recidivism /." View online, 2005. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/30/.
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Brookins, Jodi M. "The relationship between a human sexuality course and sexual anxiety, sexual decision making skills and level of comfort." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/722431.
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The thesis was designed to determine the relative impact of an academic course in human sexuality on specific sexual attitudes and intimate communication skills of undergraduate college students.Seventy-five students were subdivided into experimental and control groups. Data regarding personal sexual anxiety, sexual decision making skills and level of comfort about sexual issues were collected during the first and last weeks of the Spring 1990 semester. These served as pre and posttests. Descriptive data about the subjects were also obtained.The results of this study indicated that although males and females differ significantly from each other in sexual anxiety and sexual decision making skills, the subjects did not differ in their level of comfort. However, experimentalfemales did approach significant change in their reported comfort level scores from pre to posttest.Department of Physiology and Health Science
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Ford, Alison Nicole. "The Effect of Social Support on Risky Sexual Behavior in Homeless Adolescent Youth." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12124/.
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This study examines the relationship between social support and youth's high-risk behaviors. The data were obtained from the Midwest Homeless and Runaway Adolescent Project (MHRAP) in 1996. In the Midwestern United States, this study examines the hypothesis that youth with high social support will have low sexual risk behaviors. The study found that youths who had someone to turn to, a greater number of close friends, and someone they could count on were less likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors. The implications of the findings are discussed.
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Zhang, Lihong Pungpond Rukumnuaykit. "Influence of parent-child communication on sexual behavior among Chinese urban unmarried youth /." Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd392/4838759.pdf.
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Ford, Alison Lawson Erma Jean. "The effect of social support on risky sexual behavior in homeless adolescent youth." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12124.
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Marshall, Brandon David Lewis. "Sexual behaviours among a cohort of street-involved youth in Vancouver." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/977.
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Background: Street-involved youth are known to be at a greatly increased risk of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs); however, the role that environmental and structural factors play in driving disease transmission risk among this population has not been thoroughly examined.
Methods: The At Risk Youth Study (ARYS) is a prospective cohort of homeless and street-involved youth between the ages of 14 and 26. From September 2005 to October 2006, participants completed a baseline questionnaire which elicited information regarding sexual activity, injection and non-injection drug use, addiction treatment experience, encounters with police and security guards, and health service utilization. Environmental and structural correlates of number of recent sex partners were identified using quasi-Poisson regression. Factors independently associated with consistent condom use were also examined using logistic regression.
Results: Among 529 participants, 415 (78.4%) were sexually active during the past six months, of whom 253 (61.0%) reported multiple sex partners and 288 (69.6%) reported inconsistent condom use during this time period. In multivariate logistic regression, homelessness and self-reported structural barriers to accessing health services were inversely associated with consistent condom use. In multivariate analysis, living in a shelter, hostel, or single room occupancy hotel was positively associated with greater numbers of recent sex partners. Structural factors that were associated with number of sex partners included having a warrant or area restriction that affects access to health services, and for males, being accosted by the police.
Conclusions: Unstable housing, homelessness, and structural factors related to the criminalization and displacement of street-involved youth were associated with an increased risk of HIV and STI transmission, even after extensive adjustment for sociodemographic and individual level characteristics. These findings suggest that both environmental and structural factors influence the spread of HIV and STIs, and point to the need for environmental-structural interventions to reduce the burden of these diseases among this population.
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Madden, Mary. "The Good Girl Bad Girl Dilemma: Exploring Rural Maine Girls' Sexual Desires, Behaviors, and Relationships." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2000. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MaddenM2000.pdf.
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裴諭新 and Yuxin Pei. "Born in the 70's: sexuality of young women incontemporary Shanghai." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39557224.
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Aitken, Lisa. "The influence of HIV knowledge, beliefs, and religiosity on sexual risk behaviours of private school adolescents." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Despite the rapid increase of HIV infections among South Africa's adolescent population, many teenagers continue to partake in sexually risky behaviours. The theory of planned action accounts for the low correlation between information and behaviour by identifying the strong influence of behavioural intentions, attitudes towards the behaviour, subjective norms, and perceived control in determining behaviour change. This research primarily aimed to assess the levels of sexual risk-taking behaviours, HIV-related knowledge, beliefs, and religiosity of private school adolescents, as well as to determine the nature of the relationships between these variables.
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Young, Maureen Ann Vazsonyi Alexander T. "Parents, peers, and risky sexual behavior in rural African American adolescents." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Human_Development_and_Family_Studies/Thesis/Young_Maureen_46.pdf.
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Hall, Kelcey L., and Jill D. Stinson. "Impact of Childhood Adversity and out-of-Home Placement for Youth With Sexual Behavior Problems." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7901.
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Early exposure to abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction is linked to long-term detrimental effects on mental and physical health. In the mid-1990s, Kaiser Permanente and the CDC surveyed adults in the community and found a strong and cumulative relationship between the degree of exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and risk factors for leading causes of death in adulthood. At present, most research using ACE survey methodology examines community-based adult samples, and populations who experience the greatest number of adversities are largely ignored. An additional factor indicative of household dysfunction that has not been thoroughly explored in the context of ACE survey methodology is foster care placement. Further, little is understood regarding the impact of out-of-home placement on persons with disproportionately high ACE scores and subsequent difficulties with sexual and aggressive behavior. Studies investigating differential risk factors and outcomes could inform prevention, policy, and treatment. As such, the current study seeks to investigate the impact of childhood adversity and out-of- home placement on the onset of aggression and problem sexual behavior using ACE survey methodology in a sample of juveniles receiving residential treatment for sexual misconduct. Data for this study were collected from archival records of children and adolescents who have received sexual offender treatment at a treatment center for male youth (N=120; 88% Caucasian) for periods ranging from one month to more than four years (M=13.68 months, SD=10.96). These participants have a mean age of 14.63 years (SD=1.56; Range: 11 to 17 years) at the time of first admission into the facility. As expected, the adolescents in this study have experienced higher rates of adverse childhood experiences than the general adult population and male adolescents involved in the juvenile justice system previously reported in the literature. Only 2.5% of the current sample experienced no ACEs and 74.2% faced four or more adversities, which is considered to be high risk in the literature. Participants had a mean age at first out-of-home placement of 9 years (SD=5.21) and had an average of 3.7 out-of-home placements at time of admission to the facility. The association of childhood adversities, the number of non-psychiatric out-of-home placements, and age at first out-of-home placement with earlier onset of aggressive and sexual offending behaviors will be investigated using Cox proportional hazard analyses. Behavioral outcomes (e.g., onset of sexual and aggressive behavior problems; substance use; arrest history; and, treatment length) between individuals who were placed in family members’ homes versus those placed in non-familial foster care will also be explored. Implications for prevention and environmental responsiveness will be addressed.
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Crump, Beverly. "The Lived Experiences of Counselors Working with Youth with Problem Sexual Behaviors." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5317.
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Youth, between the ages of 12 and 17, account for the majority of sexual assaults in the United States. Counselors who work with youth with problem sexual behaviors need to have appropriate clinical skills to the degree to which clinical services increase the probability of effective results and are consistent with current professional knowledge. The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of counselors who work with youth with problem sexual behaviors. A purposeful sample of 8 licensed professional clinical counselors employed at a mental health agency in one city in Ohio shared their experiences through semi structured, in-person interviews in their natural settings. The data were collected, transcribed and analyzed using NVivo. The analysis of data conducted through horizontialzation, cluster of meanings, and coding for emergent themes. Transcendental phenomenological approach helped to uncover dominant and influential emotions, which counselors identified as frustration, tension, anger, and fear. The findings for this study revealed that self-care strategies reaffirmed their importance in wellness for appropriate job performance. Furthermore, the participants felt their school program was successful in teaching on various theories however, they indicated a need for more training in working effectively with this specific population. Academic institutions and mental health programs can use the results of this study to amend certification areas on the requirements and clinical skills necessary for counselors working with youth with problem sexual behaviors.
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Okello, William Patrick Odhiambo. "The Relationship Between Youths' Risky Sexual Behavior and Race/Ethnicity." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3538.
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According to the CDC, young people, aged 15-24 years, share the greatest risk of new sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and the negative impact of alcohol and drug use. The purpose of this quantitative study, based on the theory of social-psychological problem-behavior, was to analyze the 2013 YRBSS secondary data and document if a relationship existed between race/ethnicity and youth sexual behavior, alcohol consumption, and drug use for the 13,583 survey participants. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Chi-Square were conducted to answer the research questions. Results indicated that American Indian/Alaskan Natives were most likely to report first sexual activity before 11 years old (7.5%), while Asians were most likely to report never having sex (76.6%). Race/ethnicity also impacted all other variables, such as drugs, with a mixture of results. Hispanic/Latinos were most likely to report higher alcohol consumption (15.12%) compared to Multiple Hispanic (5.12%), while, Multiple Non-Hispanic were more likely to report use of drugs before sexual activity (9.7%) compared to Hispanic Latinos (7.99%). Social change implication of the study called for developed and effective sustainable interventions to help youth with behavior, and it required full integration of race/ethnicity as prerequisites in alleviation strategy. Dissemination plans involved use of public health campaigns, school workshops, and churches to fight the negative impact on youth.
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Cobb, Teliyah. "ACEs, onset of aggression, and initiation of out-of-home placements in a sample of youth in residential treatment for sexually abusive behavior." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/593.
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Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) exhibit a strong influence on later functioning in adolescence and adulthood, including impacts on physical and mental health, as well as behavioral and risk-related outcomes. Youth who have engaged in sexually abusive behaviors experience ACEs and negative outcomes at significantly elevated rates. The current study evaluates the relationship between ACEs and the youth’s own behavior and onset and length out-of-home placements, including family- or home-based, residential, and correctional placements. Data for this study consisted of archival records that were collected from a nonprofit inpatient treatment facility for adolescents who had engaged in sexually abusive behavior. The sample included 290 males and 5 females between the ages of 10 and 17 years of age (M = 14.8, SD = 1.56). Descriptive frequencies, correlational analyses, and linear regression analyses were performed to examine hypothesized relationships. Differing predictors emerged for initial onset and length of out-of-home placement types, with ACEs as stronger predictors of family-based placements, and the youths’ own aggressive and problematic sexual behaviors more predictive of onset and length of residential and correctional placements. Implications for prevention and treatment are discussed.
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Safieldin, Mohamed Elmunir Ahmed. "HIV Risk-Reduction in Nonmarital Sexual Behavior among Young Maldivian Males." Thesis, Walden University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13862533.
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The low HIV prevalence in Maldives coupled with low HIV comprehensive knowledge presents a challenge to the consistency of the hypothesized HIV knowledge-prevention paradigm. Researchers had not explained why HIV prevalence in Maldives is low despite the low levels of HIV knowledge. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate factors beyond HIV knowledge that contribute to the low HIV prevalence among Maldivian male youth. The research questions focused on the risk-reduction factors in the nonmarital sexual behavior of young Maldivian males that contribute to protecting them from contracting HIV and the predictors of safe and unsafe nonmarital sexual behaviors among this target group. The reasoned action approach (RAA) and the theories embedded in the RRA (i.e., the integrated behavioral model, the theory of reasoned action, and the theory of planned behavior) provided the theoretical foundation for this research. A purposeful sample of 18 male university students participated in open-ended interviews. Data were coded and analyzed to identify themes and subthemes. The results indicated that the low HIV prevalence in Maldives can be attributed to long-standing social values and norms that discourage nonmarital sexual engagement; however, these social values and norms are currently fading away, putting the low HIV prevalence status of Maldives at risk. The implications for social change include providing practitioners with specific risk factors they should address to prevent the spread of HIV that would result in the loss of lives and deterioration in the quality of life among young Maldivian men.
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Mueller, Kay E. "Perceived parental communicator style and subsequent behavior : an exploratory study." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/539797.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived parental sexual communicator style and adolescent sexual behavior and information accuracy. Slightly revised versions of Norton's Communicator Style Measure, Jorgensen and Sonstegard's Sexual and Contraceptive Behavior Inventory, and the Miller-Fisk Sexual Knowledge Inventory examined 234 college students' perceptions of parental sexual communicator style and self-reports of sexual behavior and knowledge. The study also investigated the extent to which gender of the subject and gender of the primary source of sexual information (parent) impacted sexual behavior. Lastly, the study tested the impact of perceived parental communicator style on sexual activity and contraceptive use across three time frames: Junior High School, High School, and College.Pearson product-moment correlations revealed significant relationships between some perceived parental sexual communicator styles and sexual activity, contraceptive use, and sexual knowledge accuracy. Utilization of t-tests revealed significant difference only of parent-adolescent sexual between gender of the subject and sexual knowledge accuracy--female subjects reported a higher level of sexual knowledge than males. It was recommended that research be continued in the area communication.Department of Speech Communication
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Ramrakha, Sandhya, and n/a. "The link between mental health problems and sexual risk taking in a general population sample." University of Otago. Dunedin School of Medicine, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090527.155127.
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This thesis examined whether mental health problems and sexual risk taking were associated in a general population sample and if so, the extent and direction of this association. The thesis begins with a review of theories of risk taking; sexual risk and mental health correlates; and the existing studies linking mental health and sexual risk taking. Three empirical studies were conducted.
Study One produced new evidence that a range of psychiatric disorders were linked to early sex (<16 years), risky sex (multiple partners and inconsistent condom use in the past year at age 21) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) by the age of 21 years. Young people who present with schizophrenia spectrum disorder were also prone to early and risky sex and STIs. Second, depression, the single most common psychiatric problem in the population, was also associated with risky sex and STIs. The risk increased with comorbid psychiatric conditions.
Study Two addressed the issue of directionality, specifically examining if childhood behavioural and emotional problems and early adolescent psychiatric disorder predicted later sexual risk taking and STIs. Main findings showed that childhood antisocial behaviour increased the likelihood of risky and early sex, and that low levels of childhood anxiety increased the likelihood of later risky sex and having STIs. Involvement with delinquent peers mediated the association between childhood antisocial behaviour and risky and early sex. To a lesser degree, attachment to parents mediated the association between antisocial behaviour and early sex. These factors did not mediate the association between low levels of childhood anxiety and later sexual outcomes. No associations were found between adolescent psychiatric disorder and later sexual risk taking, with the exception of conduct disorder. However, it is important to note that by excluding the group who had early sex in order to establish temporality, other behaviours of interest exhibited by this group were also excluded.
The third study examined whether sexual risk taking was associated with an increased risk of subsequent mental health problems, addressing the issue of directionality in the other direction. Main findings showed that reports of early sex, multiple sex partners and STIs elevated the risk of later substance dependence disorders. Importantly, this association persisted after controlling for �baseline� levels of psychiatric disorder. Early sex also predicted later conduct disorder, even after controlling for prior conduct disorder. In contrast, early sex, multiple sex partners and acquisition of STIs were unrelated to later diagnoses of anxiety or depression. The significant associations with multiple sex partners and STIs were also shown for incident cases of substance dependence.
Moderation analyses revealed no differences between the sexes in any of the studies except in Study Three. Specifically, the association between multiple sex partners and substance dependence appeared to be stronger for males than females for up to 10 sex partners and substantially stronger for females than for males beyond ten sex partners.
The final chapter in this thesis reviews the strengths and weaknesses of the studies in this thesis before considering the implications of the results for theory, research and practice.
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Dashlooty, Ashraf. "Sexual coercion among year 11 and year 12 high school students." University of Western Australia. School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0079.
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Adolescence is a time of accelerated physical and sexual growth, and many students become sexually active before they finish secondary schooling. Unfortunately, many adolescents and young adults experience sexual coercion in their intimate relationships. Sexual coercion is defined broadly as verbal or physical pressure to engage in sexual activity. This study sought to examine sexual coercion experiences of Year 11-12 high school, male and female students in their peer dating and relationships. Before retrieving such information, a modified Sexual Experiences Survey (SES) questionnaire was designed. This was named the Adolescent Dating and Relationship Survey (ADRS) which, subsequently, was examined by experts in the area, and validated via a pilot study using 30 university students. Thirdly, the study administered the ADRS to 341, Year 11 and Year 12 students to examine how they responded to their sexually coercive experiences. The participants were actively engaging in relationship behaviours, with nearly 50% of the females and 70% of the males reporting a relationship with a partner of the same age. However, significantly more females dated older partners and, conversely, more male students were involved with younger partners. The female students tended to have longer relationships than the males, especially for relationships of 9 to 12 months or longer. Participants did not report sexual coercion experiences via threat or blackmail, nor were the males threatened with a weapon. The most frequently cited forms of coercion by both female and male students were: made to feel guilty, being plied with alcohol and/or other drugs, being pressured by begging and/or arguing, and being lied to. However, the female students reported being physically restrained significantly more than the males. As a group they responded to these sexually coercive acts via all forms 2 measured except the males, who did not resort to either fighting off or yelling. Talking about the experience later was the response commonly reported by the students. Further, female students responded to sexual coercion by saying either,
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Mash, Rachel. "Church teaching and the views of youth on sexual practices : a study amongst Anglican youth of the Cape Town diocese aged 12-19." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17381.
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Thesis (M. Th.)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research aims to establish if church-going young people adhere to the principle of ‘no sex before marriage’, or if there are competing ‘voices’ and pressures that young people succumb to. Are they practising risky sexual behaviour, with multiple partners, using no protection or experiencing sexual violence? We conducted a survey in order to understand the gravity of the challenge, and to identify ways in which the Anglican Church might become more effective in dealing with issues of sexuality among young people. The field research was undertaken between October 2004 and January 2005 and involved a detailed questionnaire survey (with 1,306 responses analysed), and three different focus group discussions. Respondents were between 12 and 19 years of age, both male and female, and demographically representative of the Anglican Church of Cape Town Diocese. It is hoped that the results of this survey will be informative for church leaders and those involved in ministry with young people. Our research reveals that church-going young people are not excluded from the risks faced by others in society. Of the respondents 30.5% have had sex (40% Male and 21% Female; Black 44%, White 26% and Coloured 30%). This is irrespective of geographical location (32% Rural and 30% Urban). Young people are practising vaginal, oral and anal sex or any combination. During their first sexual experience, only 35% used contraceptives. Ninety percent of their first partners are friends or schoolmates and when it came to venue, 75% had sex at home or at their partner’s place. Casual sex was common and 33% of those who have had sex have been with four or more sexual partners. Sexual violence also occurred as 6% of the respondents were forced to have sex (Black 7.1%, White 6.5% and Coloured 5.4%). Of this coerced group, 12% have themselves demanded sex from somebody else. There is thus a gap between the Church’s traditional teaching of ‘no sex before marriage’ and the realities of the way in which our young people live. Hence, we should no longer hide our heads in the sand and pretend that our young people are not at risk. This research has certainly identified several areas of concern. Nonetheless, it has also revealed encouraging information, as young people are interested in changing the situation. In order to increase its effectiveness in addressing the sexuality of young people, the Anglican Church should be prepared to act decisively. The approach recommended from this study should be multifaceted, given the increasingly complex landscape in which young people live. There is an urgent need to support young people in building healthy relationships. Parental workshops are an important intervention in order to enable parents to communicate with their children about sexuality, using an ageappropriate approach. Peer education should be adopted: that is training key opinion leaders in each church so that they can provide positive peer pressure. In addition, the church should take a stand against sexual messages seen in the media; silence implies consent. The church must clearly communicate its opposition to these unhealthy sexual messages to society at large.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: The doel van die navorsing is om jongmense war kerklik meelewend is se siening en persepsies oor die standpunt van die Anglikaanse kerk, naamlik geen seks voor die huwelik , te ondersoek en te toets aan die hand van sekere teologiese kriteria. Dit wil vasstel of daar ander moontlike faktore of stemme is wat jongmense se standpunt oor seks en seksualiteit bepaal. Van die belangrike vrae wat ondersoek is: beoefen jongmense hoë risiko, seksuele gedrag met meervoudige bedmaats? Tree hulle genoegsaam voorkomend op? Is hulle blootgestel aan seksueel-geweldadige gedrag? ‘n Empiriese ondersoek (Oktober 2004 en Januarie 2005) is geloots ten einde die uitdagings waarvoor die Anglikaanse Kerk ten opsigte van seks-onderrig te staan kom, vas te stel. Die projek beoog om die kerk se bediening op te skerp en meer relevant gefokus te raak op die seksuele orientasie van jongmense. ‘n Vraelys is opgestel en uitgestuur.Drie verskillende diskussiegroepe was betrokke.1306 response is ontleed. Respondente was tussen 12 en 19 jaar, gender-gemeng en demografies verteenwoordigend van die Anglikaanse Kerk se bedieningsopset binne die Cape Town Diocese. Die navorsing toon duidelik dat jongmense aan risikos blootgestel is met implikasies vir die MIV pandemie. Van die respondente het 30.5% seks gehad (40% mans; 21% vrouens; swart 44%; wit 26% en bruin 30%). Wat geografiese verspreiding aan betref (stad 30%, platteland 32%) was daar nie beduidende verskille nie. Daar bestaan ‘n kombinasie van seks-praktyke, vanaf vaginale, orale en anale seks. Gedurende die eerste seks-ervaring het net 35% kontraseptiewe middels/metodes gebruik. 90% van die eerste bedmaats was maats, vriende of skoolmaats. 75% van die kontakte het tuis plaas gevind. Toevallige seks was algemeen en 33% van die respondente het seks met vier of meer pesone gehad. Seksuele geweld kom voor. 6% van die repondent was geforseer om seks te beoefen (swart 7.1%; wit 6.5%; bruin 5.4%). Vanuit hierdie groep het 12% seks geeis van iemand anders. Daar bestaan ‘n groot gaping tussen die leer van die kerk: geen seks voor die huwelik en die lewensrealiteit van jongmense. Jongmense is belis ‘n hoë risikogroep. Die navoring het verkeie areas geïdentifiseer wat dringend die kerk se aandag verg. Van belang is die feit dat jongmense duidelik ‘n behoefte toon aan konstruktiewe begeleiding. Ten einde the problematiek van seksuele gedrag onder jongmense in die kerk sinvol aan te spreek, sal relevante programme ontwikkel moet word wat multi-faktoreel gestruktureer en kontekstueel moet wees. ‘n Belangrike bedieningstrategie is die skep van ouerbegeleidingsgroepe en werkswinkels ten einde ouers toe te rus hoe om sinvol met jongmense oor seksuele gedrag en seksualiteit te kommunikeer. Daar moet gefokus word op verskillende ouderdomsgroepe en hoe om jongmense by te staan om gesonde verhoudinge te bou. Die seksopvoeding en voorligting moet jongmense inskakel. Leiers onder jongmense wat kan help, moet geïdentifiseer word en ook opgelei word. Destruktiewe groepsdruk moet aangespreek word. Die kerk sal ook leiding moet gee oor die wyse waarop die media seksualiteit hanteer. Op hiedie wyse moet die kerk betrokke raak by die publieke diskoers en negatiewe tendens aanspreek.
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Cudhea, Maia Christine Cready Cynthia M. "Topical content in sexuality education and sexual health outcomes." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-5189.
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Dallo, Luana [UNESP]. "Sensibilização de professores e alunos para a prevenção de uso abusivo de drogas e sexo desprotegido." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/110464.
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A prevenção das condutas de risco do uso abusivo de drogas e sexo desprotegido não é percebida como ponto importante a ser trabalhado nas escolas. Pretende-se, assim, contribuir, sinalizando a prevenção como algo que deve fazer parte da rotina escolar. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar um programa de sensibilização de professores e alunos multiplicadores para prevenção de duas condutas de risco, o uso abusivo de drogas e o sexo desprotegido, constituindo-se por oficinas grupais coordenadas por professores, alunos multiplicadores e a pesquisadora e nas ações dos multiplicadores num Colégio de uma organização militar. Assim, primeiramente, foi feita uma caracterização do perfil socioeconômico, do uso de álcool e condutas sexuais com os estudantes do primeiro e do segundo ano do Ensino Médio. Seguiu-se, então, com trabalhos de sensibilização dos professores e dos alunos que seriam multiplicadores e, depois das oficinas grupais, concomitantemente ocorreram ações dos multiplicadores como distribuição de preservativo e discussão em sala...
didn't open space during your class for the discussion about the questions of doubt. Thus, it is concluded that it is necessary a recognition of society regarding the importance of working these themes in school and include them in the initial training in the areas of education and health, in addition to the process of continuing education for educators. Finally, it points out that the youth protagonism in health education can become an effective proponent for prevention of risk behaviours in school when there are social recognition of this proposal.
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Dallo, Luana. "Sensibilização de professores e alunos para a prevenção de uso abusivo de drogas e sexo desprotegido /." Marília, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/110464.
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Orientador: Raul Aragão MartinsBanca: Patrícia Unger Raphael Bataglia
Banca: Rita Melissa Lepre
Banca: Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos
Banca: Liana Abrão Romera
Resumo: A prevenção das condutas de risco do uso abusivo de drogas e sexo desprotegido não é percebida como ponto importante a ser trabalhado nas escolas. Pretende-se, assim, contribuir, sinalizando a prevenção como algo que deve fazer parte da rotina escolar. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar um programa de sensibilização de professores e alunos multiplicadores para prevenção de duas condutas de risco, o uso abusivo de drogas e o sexo desprotegido, constituindo-se por oficinas grupais coordenadas por professores, alunos multiplicadores e a pesquisadora e nas ações dos multiplicadores num Colégio de uma organização militar. Assim, primeiramente, foi feita uma caracterização do perfil socioeconômico, do uso de álcool e condutas sexuais com os estudantes do primeiro e do segundo ano do Ensino Médio. Seguiu-se, então, com trabalhos de sensibilização dos professores e dos alunos que seriam multiplicadores e, depois das oficinas grupais, concomitantemente ocorreram ações dos multiplicadores como distribuição de preservativo e discussão em sala...
Abstract: didn't open space during your class for the discussion about the questions of doubt. Thus, it is concluded that it is necessary a recognition of society regarding the importance of working these themes in school and include them in the initial training in the areas of education and health, in addition to the process of continuing education for educators. Finally, it points out that the youth protagonism in health education can become an effective proponent for prevention of risk behaviours in school when there are social recognition of this proposal.
Doutor
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Tang, Long-sang Grace, and 鄧朗珊. "Family influences on the premarital sexual standard of adolescents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31249061.
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Cudhea, Maia Christine. "Topical content in sexuality education and sexual health outcomes." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5189/.
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Secondary analysis of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health is used to examine possible explanatory variables for sexual health outcomes. Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between sexual health outcomes and topical content in sexuality education, controlling for race, biological sex, low socioeconomic status, and religiosity. Results indicated increasing topical content in sexuality education had a positive effect on knowledge acquisition and confidence, but no statistically significant effect on engagement in sexual risk behavior or likelihood of reporting sexual coercion. Control variables were significant predictors and overall model fit was low, indicating topical content in sexuality education is minimally important in creating adolescent sexual behavior. Further exploration of differing aspects of sexuality education is suggested.
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Lukolo, Linda Ndeshipandula. "Adolescent sexual health in a selected region of Namibia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52077.
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Thesis (MCur)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Informal discussions and the work experience of the researcher in the field of health care raised concerns about the problems regarding the sexual health of adolescents. This demonstrated the need for an integrated health care system to promote adolescent sexual health. Against this background the study was undertaken to: • Identify the attitudes of adolescents towards sexual health. • Determine their knowledge of sexual health • Determine what the practice of sexual health by adolescents entail. • Provide recommendations where applicable. Triangulation, which is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, was used. The findings reflected the following: • A positive attitude towards sexual health, but adolescents are involved in high risk sexual behaviour. • Sub-optimal knowledqë regarding sexual issues. • A need for sexual education by parents and health workers, especially nurses. The following recommendations, are proposed: • Sex education should start at an age as early as possible, at home, by parents. • Health workers should be trained to give proper information and advice to adolescents about their sexual health. • Condoms should be freely available and accessible to all the people of Namibia. • Adolescents should be actively involved in the promotion of their own sexual health. Keywords: Prevention of teenage pregnancy I Sexually transmitted diseases I HIV I AIDS and Sex education.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Informele besprekings en praktiese ervaring van die navorser in die gesondheidsorgveld het probleme rakende die seksuele gesondheid van adolessente uitgewys. Dit het gedui op die behoefte aan 'n geïntegreerde gesondheidsorgsisteem ten einde die seksuele welsyn van adolessente te bevorder. Teen dié agtergrond is die studie onderneem om: • Die houding van adolessente teenoor seksuele welsyn te bepaal. • Die kennis van adolessente omtrent seksuele welsyn te bepaal. • Te bepaal wat die praktyk van seksuele welsyn van adolessente behels. • Aanbevelings soos van toepassing te maak. Die metode van triangulasie, wat 'n kombinasie van 'n kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe navorsingsmedotiek is, is gebruik. Die bevindings reflekteer die volgende: • 'n Positiewe houding jeens seksuele gedrag, maar adolessente is betrokke by riskante seksuele ged rag. • Suboptimale kennis ten opsigte van seksuele kwessies. • 'n Behoefte aan seksuele onderrig deur ouers en gesondheidswerkers, veral verpleegkundiges. Die volgende aanbevelings word voorgestel: • Onderrig ten opsigte van seksuele gedrag moet op die jongste moontlike ouderdom deur die ouers tuis gedoen word. • Gesondheidswerkers moet opgelei word om die regte en relevante advies en inligting aan adolessente oor te dra rakende hul seksuele gesondheid. • Kondome moet vrylik beskikbaar en bekombaar wees vir alle inwoners van Namibië.Adolessente moet aktief betrokke wees in die bevordering van hul eie seksuele welsyn. Sleutelwoorde: Voorkoming van tienerswangerskappelseksueel oordraagbare siektes I MIV I VIGS en seksuele voorligting.
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Yuni, Windarti Penchan Sherer. "The meanings of gifts and favors for sexual behavior among youth in dating relationships in Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia /." Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd400/4838033.pdf.
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Oshri, Assaf. "Maltreatment, Psychiatric Symptoms and Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Sexual Transmitted Infection Risk Behavior Among Youth with Alcohol and Other Drug Use Problems: A Person-Centered Analysis." FIU Digital Commons, 2009. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/100.
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Multi-problem youth undergoing treatment for substance use problems are at high behavioral risk for exposure to sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Specific risk factors include childhood adversities such as maltreatment experiences and subsequent forms of psychopathology. The current study used a person-centered analytical approach to examine how childhood maltreatment experiences were related to patterns of psychiatric symptoms and HIV/STI risk behaviors in a sample of adolescents (N = 408) receiving treatment services. Data were collected in face-to-face interviews at two community-based facilities. Descriptive statistics and Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) were used to (a) classify adolescents into groups based on past year psychiatric symptoms, and (b) examine relations between class membership and forms of childhood maltreatment experiences, as well as past year sexual risk behavior (SRB). LPA results indicated significant heterogeneity in psychiatric symptoms among the participants. The three classes generated via the optimal LPA solution included: (a) a low psychiatric symptoms class, (b) a high alcohol symptoms class and (c) a high internalizing symptoms class. Class membership was associated significantly with adolescents’ self-reported scores for childhood sexual abuse and emotional neglect. ANOVAs documented significant differences in mean scores for multiple indices of SRB indices by class membership, demonstrating differential risk for HIV/STI exposure across classes. The two classes characterized by elevated psychiatric symptom profiles and more severe maltreatment histories were at increased behavioral risk for HIV/STI exposure, compared to the low psychiatric symptoms class. The high internalizing symptoms class reported the highest scores for most of the indices of SRB assessed. The heterogeneity of psychiatric symptom patterns documented in the current study has important implications for HIV/STI prevention programs implemented with multi-problem youth. The results highlight complex relations between childhood maltreatment experiences, psychopathology and multiple forms of health risk behavior among adolescents. The results underscore the importance of further integration between substance abuse treatment and HIV/STI risk reduction efforts to improve morbidity and mortality among vulnerable youth.
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Oduro, Georgina Yaa. "Gender relations, sexuality and HIV/AIDS education : a study of Ghanaian youth cultures." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609013.
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Bauder, Christina Rose. "“We are not Minorities, we have been Minoritized”: Exploring sexual violence and suicidal thoughts and behaviors among Ohio youth with oppressed identities using the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey." The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1618490257273101.
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McGraw, Jessica Marie. "Sexting Unleashed: The Social Phenomenon According to Youth Sexters." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1491.
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What is missing from academia and society at large is a more holistic picture of youth sexting. Not adequately understanding youth sexting has stunted previous attempts to effectively educate young people on its potential consequences. As such, the social and legal consequences of sexting gone viral have negatively impacted countless individuals. This study offers a preliminary glimpse of the sexting phenomenon by highlighting the experiences of 20 young people. I explore emergent themes regarding the nature of youth sexting as well as the interrelations amongst privacy, relationships, and sexting. Two distinct forms of sexting emerged from participant narratives, opening the door for more open-minded discussions and social policies cognizant of both the positive and negative outcomes of electronic forms of sexual communication. In general, participant discourse on youth sexting demonstrates a need for more research on the topic as well as updated forms of sexting education in schools and amongst families.
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Chung, Wai-kwan Irene, and 鍾偉群. "A quality study on the association between self-esteem and risky sexual behaviors of at risk youth in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45014450.
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Letcher, Amber. "Effects of romantic attachment on sexual activity, substance use, and abuse in a sample of runaway youth." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211308186.
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Kobulsky, Julia. "PATHWAYS TO EARLY SUBSTANCE USE IN CHILD WELFARE-INVOLVED YOUTH." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459419413.
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Hauck, Elizabeth Carol. "Staying on Script: Sexual Scripts and Sex Education." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2401.
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Existing research suggests that men and women develop differing sexual scripts that influence their behavior, interactions and emotions regarding sex. The objective of this project is to examine the experiences of men and women with formal sex education programs, especially in regards to information about: anatomy and biology, sexual responsibility and risk taking, sexual desire, virginity and abstinence, as well as to explore sources of sex education outside of school. Several studies suggest masculine sexual scripts dictate that men generally construct a more body-focused approach to sex, with an emphasis on competition, aggression and achievement. Conversely, emphasized feminine sexual scripts call for a more emotion-focused approach to sex that stresses self-control, resistance and sexual 'gatekeeping'. One of the explanations for this is adolescents' experience with formal sex education in school. Gendered messages in sex education that reproduce dominant sexual scripts have the potential to reinforce sexual double standards that affirm male desire and regulate female desire. Previous studies have determined school to be a place where individuals develop scripts that guide them through many aspects of social life. While one recent study has pointed to the existence of gendered messages in sex education films, there is little research on how men's and women's experiences with formal sex education influence their interaction with different sexual scripts.
Additionally, this research recognizes that interaction with sexual scripts occurs in a multitude of settings over the life course, and although formal sex education is the focus of this analysis because of the explicit messages communicated to adolescents during a very formative stage, other more informal sources of sexual information (i.e. family, peers, and the internet) are explored in comparison with school-based sex education. The findings of this study indicate a gendered patter in access to sexual scripts, drawing from participants' accounts of their sex education experiences in school, as well as important differences in the messages, or scripts communicated to them about sex from friends, family and online. Most notably, men and women generally recount interaction with scripts that reinforce traditional masculine and feminine sexuality in formal, school-based sex education programs. However, sexual learning from more informal sources, like from families and the internet, indicate possible shifts in traditional gendered sexuality, especially for women.
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Esat, Fazila. "The social construction of "sexual knowledge" : exploring the narratives of southern African youth of Indian descent in the context of HIV/AIDS." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/226/.
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Kwan, Hang-kay, and 關幸姬. "An exploratory study of adolescent attitudes towards laws prohibiting underage consensual sex." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3197854X.
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Häggström-Nordin, Elisabet. "Worlds Apart? : Sexual Behaviour, Contraceptive Use, and Pornography Consumption Among Young Women and Men." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Women's and Children's Health, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4779.
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The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the knowledge of, attitudes toward, and experiences of the emergency contraceptive pill (ECP), sexual behaviour, and pornography consumption among high school students and young people. Data were obtained by questionnaires (studies I, II, and III), and by qualitative in-depth interviews (study IV).
A majority of 16-year old high-school students were aware that ECP existed, and knew where to obtain it. Attitudes toward using ECP were generally positive, but more girls than boys were hesitant as to whether ECP should be available without a prescription. Of those having experienced sexual intercourse, more than one fourth stated that they themselves or their partner had ever used ECP (I).
Almost half of the 16-year old high-school students surveyed (46%) had had sexual intercourse, a number similar in studies conducted 10 and 20 years earlier. Use of contraceptives at first intercourse had increased (to 76%) and use of alcohol had decreased (to 23%). More students in practical rather than theoretical programs smoked, had sexual intercourse at an earlier age, had more partners, and used contraceptives at first intercourse less often (II).
Three out of four 18-year old students had had sexual intercourse, of which almost three quarters reported contraceptive use at first intercourse. Anal intercourse was reported by one sixth, with infrequent condom use. Males who consumed more pornography were more likely than males who consumed less pornography to engage in a variety of sexual activities, as were males with an early age at first sexual intercourse (III).
The core category that emerged in the interviews was “Living with the current sexual norm”, pornography created sexual expectations and demands. The interviewees expressed contradictory feelings towards pornography and felt that sexuality was separated from intimacy. In order to deal with the current sexual norm, participants had different individual handling strategies, including liberal-, normalization-, distance-, feminist- and conservative strategies (IV).
Overall, the studies highlight several differences between genders and between students attending practical- and theoretical study programs in questions concerning ECP, sexual behaviour and pornography. These differences should be addressed while planning for counselling and sex education. We suggest that health- and school personnel discuss how sexuality is portrayed in pornographic material with young people.
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Fridlund, Veronika. "Play with fire, play with you sometimes : Social aspects of condom use among young people in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-108900.
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Although Sweden invests a great deal of money and effort in prevention work, STIs are a major problem in our society. Young people are at high risk both when it comes to unwanted pregnancies and STIs and several studies have revealed that the condom use is quite low. Condom use is a complex issue. There are often several factors that interact and affect the decision to use or not use condom. The result in this thesis shows that young people have behavioral expectation to use condom, especially for anal sex and vaginal sex with a casual partner (both known and unknown). At the same time, the condom use is low irrespective of type of partner and type of sex. Approximately 20 % of the participants never used a condom during the preceding 12 months. Most of the participants said that reason for their use or non-use was based on partner evaluation. However, our participants indicate that there often is a deeper reason why they do not use condoms. Women talk about their male partner’s resistance against condom use. Men in the other hand mention the problem with fit and feel especially problems related to erection problems when they have been drinking alcohol. One of the most interesting findings is that the participants’ view of sex affected their condom use. Those with a relaxed view (e.g., did not connect love with sex and had had more sexual partners during the past 12 months) had fewer occasions of unprotected vaginal intercourse compared with the participants with a traditional view (e.g., often associated sex with vaginal penetration).The most important thing we need to do is increase ’men’s sense of responsibility and involve them in the prevention work. It is also important that the condom counseling is individualized. It is not enough to simply speak about condom use in general; instead we need to relate condom use to sexual practice and partner type but also to the individuals’ specific condom problem.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Epub ahead of print. Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript.
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Santos, Renato Caio Silva. "Na escuridão do arco íris: a vivência das relações afetivo sexuais de jovens gays após o diagnóstico de HIV." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-23032015-095719/.
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Introdução - A população de jovens gays apresenta particular vulnerabilidade à infecção pelo HIV/aids. Segundo tendência observada em pesquisas, nos últimos dez anos observouse aumento estatisticamente significativo da taxa de detecção do vírus em homens gays com idades entre 18 e 29 anos. Para aqueles que recebem o diagnóstico de HIV/aids, a nova realidade se encontra envolvida por fatores como a auto aceitação da orientação sexual, estigmas anteriores ao diagnóstico, suporte familiar e social, crenças sobre o vírus e restabelecimento de vínculos e comportamentos. Contudo, são escassos estudos que foquem nas vivências das relações afetivas e sexuais de jovens gays após o diagnóstico. Objetivo - Estabeleceu-se como objetivo geral desta pesquisa compreender as implicações e significados do diagnóstico do HIV nas relações afetivo sexuais de jovens gays. Método - O estudo proposto baseia-se na pesquisa qualitativa, como forma de privilegiar os discursos dos sujeitos como fonte de informação. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi dirigidas com 10 jovens, com idades entre 18 e 24 anos, portadores do HIV e infectados por via sexual, acompanhados no ambulatório do Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas. Os dados foram transcritos, organizados e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Resultados Para muitos jovens, no período anterior ao diagnóstico, o HIV não se mostrava como uma fonte de preocupação, devido à possibilidade de tratamento e diminuição das mortes. O uso de antirretrovirais é influenciado pelo receio de alterações corporais, sendo que a possibilidade da lipodistrofia se mostra como uma causa para o abandono do tratamento. Grupos e redes sociais online são fundamentais na busca de informações sobre o HIV e de pares na mesma situação. O conhecimento da sorologia não motiva o uso de preservativo, principalmente com parceiros sexuais esporádicos. De forma análoga, com estes parceiros, os participantes relatam não se sentirem responsabilizados por eventuais transmissões secundárias do vírus, avaliando como responsabilidade do outro o uso de preservativo. As relações afetivas são marcadas pelo receio da transmissão do vírus e da revelação diagnóstica aos parceiros, de forma que muitos preferem se relacionar com outros jovens vivendo com HIV/aids. Considerações finais - A partir dos resultados foi possível apreender que a vivência das relações afetivas e sexuais desses jovens é atravessada por questões ligadas ao preconceito e à insegurança frente à doença. No âmbito comportamental, nota-se que o conhecimento sobre as formas de prevenção não é eficaz para a mudança de atitudes e práticas sexuais, o que pode ser relacionado ao aumento de novos casos da infecção entre jovens gays nos últimos anos. É possível apontar que as campanhas preventivas pouco dialogam com as realidades dos jovens trazendo à tona a necessidade de repensar o cuidado e as políticas disponíveis para esta população.Introduction - The population of young gay men is in particular vulnerability to HIV/AIDS infection. According to researches over the last decade, there was a statistically significant increase in HIV infection rates in gay men aged between 18 and 29 years. For those who are diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, the new reality is surrounded by factors such as self acceptance of sexual orientation, stigmas before the diagnosis, family and social support, beliefs about the virus and the need of re-establish relationships and behaviors. However, there are few studies that focus on the experiences of emotional and sexual experiences of young gay men after diagnosis. Objectives - It was determined as a general objective of this research to understand the implications and meanings of HIV diagnosis in sexual and affective relationships of gay youth. Method - The proposed study is based on the assumptions of qualitative research which means that the subjects discourse was the source of information. 10 young people living with HIV, aged 18 to 24, and in treatment at the Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas were interviewed. Data were transcribed, organized and analyzed using content analysis. Results - For many young people, in the period before diagnosis, HIV wasn´t a source of concern because of the possibility of treatment and decreased of deaths. The use of antiretroviral drugs is influenced by fear of body changes, and the possibility of lipodystrophy is shown as a cause for non-adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy. Groups and online social networks are essential to find information about HIV and peer in the same situation. Knowledge of serology does not motivate the use of condoms, especially with casual sexual partners. Similarly, with these partners, participants reported not feeling responsible for any secondary transmissions of the virus, evaluating as the partner responsibility to condom use. Affective relationships are marked by the fear of virus transmission and diagnostic disclosure, making that many prefer to relate to other young people living with HIV / AIDS. Final Considerations - From the results it was possible to comprehend that the experience of emotional and sexual experiences of these young people is crossed by issues of prejudice and insecurity about the disease. In the behavioral level, we note that the knowledge of how to prevent it is not effective in changing attitudes and sexual practices, which may be related to the increase of new cases of infection among young gay men in recent years. It is possible to point out that the preventive campaigns do not dialogue with the realities of young people bringing up the need to rethink the care and policies available for this population.
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Karlsson, Jenny, and Kerstin Arvidson. "Vardagskommunikation och sexuella riskbeteenden : En kvantitativ studie från forskningsprojektet LoRDIA." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för socialt arbete, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-42784.
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Sexualiteten är en naturlig del av livet som varje individ utforskar och lär sig att förhålla sig till. Det sexuella utforskandet kan även innebära en risk både för den fysiska och/eller psykiska hälsan. Riskerna kan till exempel vara sökande efter bekräftelse, närhet eller status, men kan även vara att visa upp sig, dela utmanande bilder eller utbytande av sexuella tjänster mot ersättning. Sexualiteten kan även bli ett verktyg för att dominera, förtrycka eller kränka andra människor. Socialiseringsprocessen, alltså det sociala samspel som sker mellan barnet och deras familj beskrivs som grunden för hur barnet själv utvecklar sina egenskaper samt hur hen i sin tur integrerar med sin omgivning. I studien undersöks kommunikationen mellan föräldrar och barnet upplevs och huruvida det finns samband med att barnet utsätter sig själv eller andra för sexuella riskbeteenden. Studien uppmärksammar även på skillnaderna mellan könen i hur kommunikationen upplevs och vad som korrelerar med sexuellt riskbeteende. Studien är en kvantitativ analys där urvalet består av ungdomar som går i årskurs 9 (N=1357). Data är insamlad av det pågående longitudinella programmet LoRDIA (Longitudinal Research on Development In Adolescence). Studiens resultat indikerar att det finns statistiska signifikanta samband mellan ungdomar som pratar med sina föräldrar och inte uppvisar sexuella riskbeteenden. Resultaten visade även att tjejer uppvisade högre frekvens av sexuella riskbeteende. Det föreligger även en signifikant skillnad mellan hur tjejer och killar upplever kommunikationen till vårdnadshavare och att tjejer har en högre tendens av att påverkas av vårdnadshavarnas regler och överkontroll till skillnad från killar.Sexuality is a natural part of life which every individual explores and must learn how relate to. The sexual exploration may also cause a risk both to physical but also to the mental health. The risks may, for example, be unfavourable searching for confirmation, proximity or status, but may also be to share intimate images or exchange sexual favours for economical compensations. Sexuality can become a tool to dominate, oppress and/or offend other people. The socialization process, that is, the social interaction that takes place between the child and their family is described as the base for how the child develops his/her own characteristic and how they integrate with their surroundings. This study examines at how communication between parents and child looks and is experienced, whether there is any connection with how the child exposes themselves and/or others to sexual risk behaviours and if there is any difference between the sexes. The study is a quantitative analysis in which the sample consists of young people who are in 9th grade (N=1357). The data is collected by the ongoing longitudinal program LoRDIA (Longitudinal Research on Development In Adolescence). This study indicates that there is a statistically significant relationship between youths who communicate with their parents and shows less sexual risk behaviours. The results also demonstrate that girls show a higher frequency of sexual risk behaviour. There is also a significant difference between how girls and boys experience the communication to custodians and that girls have a higher tendency to be affected by the custodians' rules and control than what boys do.
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Greeff, Lise-Marie. "The design, implementation and evaluation of a peer group sexuality psycho-education programme for university students." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49792.
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Thesis (MA) -- Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Health and social problems associated with the high-risk sexual behaviour of young people worldwide gave rise to the priority status accorded to sex education in the past decade. Despite the attention focused on and the goals set for sexual health education, surveys indicate that the AIDS epidemic is still spreading, STD infections are increasing and a growing number of unwanted pregnancies are reported every year. It seems therefore that many young people are not yet able to manage their sexual health effectively and sex educators are confronted with the challenge to provide more effective sexl education interventions. This study attempted to address the need for effective sexuality education for young people by designing, implementing and evaluating a peer group sexuality psycho-education programme targeted at university students. The process of programme development was guided by the phases proposed by the Psycho-education model: Phase 1: Problem-identification. This phase entailed becoming aware of the problem through media attention, social awareness, discussions with members of the community and exploring problems around young people's sexual health through an extensive literature review. Phase 2: Situation Analysis. During this phase the researcher clarified the identified problem by conceptualizing and defining relevant concepts and identifying theoretical frameworks and principles that could be used to address the problem. as well as the Action Research model were identified as useful theories. Phase 3: Development of the programme. The Information-Motivation-Behavioural skills (1MB) model and the Guerney model were used to guide the design of the programme. Phases 4, 5 and 6: Implementation, evaluation and re-evaluation. These interdependent phases entailed three consecutive implementations of the sexuality psycho-education programme. The principles of Action Research were used to guide the implementation and evaluation processes. Evaluation of qualitative data obtained through participatory research after each implementation allowed for continuous adaptation and improvement of the programme. At the end of the third implementation quantitative data was supplemented by quantitative data obtained with a pen-and-paper test-retest method. Quantitative results indicated that the sexuality education programme significantly increased subjects' knowledge regarding sex en sexuality, but did not have a significant impact on attitudes and perceived behavioural skills. There was an indication that clarification of attitudes had been promoted, and that attitudes relating to the use of contraception had positively changed. Furthermore, a significant change in perceived behavioural skills regarding communication about and behaviour for the prevention of HIV/STDs had been achieved. Qualitative evaluation indicated that subjects felt more positive about using condoms and about communicating with their partners about the use of contraceptives. Step 6 and full circle back to step 1: Final Re-evaluation and problem-identification. During this phase the researcher reviewed the outcomes of the intervention. New problems were identified and recommendations made for future continuation. The researcher concluded that the deficits in research methodology, such as a lack of structured qualitative evaluation, hampered effective evaluation of the programme. Further research needs to be conducted to develop appropriate theoretical frameworks and measuringinstruments with which to inform and evaluate the effectiveness of sex education programmes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gesondheids- en maatskaplike probleme wat verband hou met die hoë-risiko seksuele gedrag van jongmense wêreldwyd het daartoe gelei dat seksonderrig gedurende die afgelope dekade voorrang geniet het. Ondanks die toespitsing op seksuele gesondheid, en die doelwitte daarvoor gestel, toon peilings dat die VIGS-epidemie steeds versprei, seksueel-oordraagbare siektes (STDs) toeneem, en 'n groeiende aantalongewenste swangerskappe jaarliks aangemeld word. Dit blyk dus dat 'n groot aantal jongmense nie in staat is om hulle seksuele gesondheid effektief te bestuur nie en seksopvoeders word gekonfronteer met die uitdaging om meer effektiewe seksopvoedingsintervensies te verskaf. Met hierdie studie is onderneem om die behoefte aan doeltreffende seksualiteitsopvoeding vir jongmense aan te spreek, deur die samestelling, toepassing en evaluering van 'n portuurgroep seksualiteit psigo-opleidingsprogram gemik op universiteitstudente. Die proses van programontwikkeling is gelei deur die fases wat voorgestel is deur die Psigo-onderrigmodel: Fase 1: Probleemidentifikasie: Dié fase het kennisname van die probleem behels as gevolg van die aandag daaraan gewy in die media en as gevolg van maatskaplike bewustheid, asook deur bespreking met lede van die gemeenskap en deur ondersoek van probleme in verband met die seksuele welstand van jongmense deur middel van 'n uitgebreide literatuurstudie. Fase 2: Situasieanalise: Gedurende hierdie fase het die navorser die geïdentifiseerde probleem duideliker omskryf deur die relevante konsepte te konseptualiseer en omskryf, en teoretiese raamwerke en beginsels te identifiseer wat gebruik kon word om die probleem aan te pak. Fase 3: Ontwikkeling van die program: Die Informasie-Motivering-Gedragsvaardigheidsmodel (IMG) en die Guernymodel is gebruik as raamwerke vir die ontwerp van die program. Fases 4, 5 en 6: Implementering, evaluasie en her-evaluasie. Hierdie interafhanklike fases het drie opeenvolgende implementerings van die seksualiteit-psigo-opleidingsprogram behels. Die beginsels van Aksienavorsing is toegepas in die implementering- en evaluasieprosesse. Evaluasie van kwalitatiewe data, verkry deur deelnemende navorsing na elke implementering, het deurlopende aanpassing en verbetering van die program moontlik gemaak. Aan die einde van die derde implementering is kwantitatiewe data aangevul deur data wat verkry is deur 'n pen-en-papier toets-hertoets-metode. Stap 6 en terug tot by stap 1: Finale re-evaluasie en probleemidentifikasie. Gedurende hierdie fase het die navorser die resultate van die intervensie ontleed. Nuwe probleme is geïdentifiseer en aanbeveliings vir toekomstige voortsetting is gemaak. Die navorser het tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die tekortkominge in die navorsingsmetodologie - byvoorbeeld, 'n gebrek aan gestruktureerde kwalitatiewe evaluering - verhinder het dat effektiewe evaluering van die program kon plaasvind. Verdere navorsing word benodig om toepaslike teoretiese raamwerke en meetinstrumente te ontwikkel wat aangewend kan word om die ontwerp van seksopvoedingsprogramme te rig en die effektief van programme te evalueer.
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Navrkal, Denise Antionette. "Teenage pregnancy: Cultural and familial predictors." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1094.
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Starfield, Amanda Louise. "Adult support for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and questioning (LGBTQQ) youth in high school : a project based upon an independent investigation /." View online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/5933.
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Curry, Kimberly Sue, and Frank Thomas Jr Pullara. "The effects of HIV/AIDS education curriculum on the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of college freshmen." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1569.
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Mash, Rachel A. "Agents of change : the implementation and evaluation of a peer education programme on sexuality in the Anglican church of the Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17836.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION Religion is important in Africa and many churches are involved in HIV ministry. Prevention programmes, however, are less frequent in the church setting and there is little evaluation of them. If an effective model is found, it can contribute to HIV prevention efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study was conducted in the Cape Town Diocese of the Anglican Church. Fikelela, an HIV/AIDS project of the Diocese, developed a 20-session peer education programme (Agents of Change) aimed at changing the risky sexual behaviour of youth. Workshops were also aimed at parents. A literature review was conducted looking at three areas: 'theories of behaviour change', 'adolescent sexual relationships' and 'religion and HIV'. A conceptual framework for the programme was developed by integrating findings from the literature review. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness and functioning of the programme, to develop a best practice model and to make recommendations for the use of the programme in the wider church. METHODS Outcome mapping was used to integrate an approach to the design, monitoring and evaluation of the programme. Changes in project partners, key project strategies and organisational practices were all monitored. Project partners were defined as peer educators, facilitators, young people, clergy and parents. Monitoring allowed an in-depth understanding of which aspects of the programme worked. Evaluation was designed as a quasi-experimental study that compared non-randomly chosen intervention and control groups. 1352 participants took part at base-line, 176 returned matched questionnaires in the intervention groups and 92 in the control groups. Reported changes in attitudes, knowledge and sexual behaviour were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The main factors leading to the success of the programme were: a well developed curriculum and programme, effective training camps, the support given by facilitators to peer educators, ongoing mentoring and training, role modelling by peer educators, a participatory style of education and positive peer pressure within a strong church based social network. Challenging the church.s negative attitude to condoms was also important. The weakest areas of the programme were amongst clergy and parents and in challenging media messages and norms on gender. The project impact evaluation showed significant differences at baseline between genders in terms of sexual beliefs and behaviour. There was no significant impact of religiosity on sexual activity. The programme was successful at increasing condom usage (Condom use score 3.5 vs. 2.1; p=0.02) and reduced sexual debut (9.6% vs. 22.6%; p=0.04). There was increased abstinence amongst the intervention group, but it did not reach statistical significance (22.5% vs. 12,5%; p=0.25). There was no effect on the number of partners (Mean 1.7 vs. 1.4; p=0.67). CONCLUSIONS Implementation: The programme should be promoted as a youth development programme rather than an HIV prevention programme. Priority should be given to churches in communities with the highest HIV rates. The target group should include younger teens. Peer educators should be selected by peers not by adults. Strategies: The strategies of training camp and quarterly gatherings are effective, but a new strategy needs to be devised to impact the parents. Content: The programme should build self-efficacy amongst the youth, develop a critical consciousness about sexual health, provide positive messages rather than fear-inducing ones, address sexual coercion and persuasion, explore the linking of condom use with trust, address inter-generational sex and promote community outreach and advocacy activities. The programme is effective and meets the threshold of evidence required to be rolled out. It should be rolled out through the Anglican Church with its estimated membership of two million and could be adapted for other denominations as well.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: INLEIDING Godsdiens is belangrik in Afrika en talle kerke is betrokke by HIV-bediening. Voorkomingsprogramme is egter ongewoon in die kerkomgewing en die evaluering daarvan vind selde plaas. Indien 'n effektiewe voorkomingsprogram model gevind kan word, behoort dit 'n belangrike bydrae te lewer tot HIV infeksie voorkomingspogings in Sub-Sahara Afrika. Hierdie studie is gedoen onder die lidmate van die Kaapstadse Biskoplike gebied van die Anglikaanse Kerk. 'n Bestaande HIV/VIGS projek van die Biskoplike gebied, genaamd Fikelela, het 'n 20-sessie portuurgroepopvoedingsprogram (Agente van Verandering) ontwikkel wat gemik is op die verandering van riskante seksuele gedrag onder die jeug. Daar was ook werkswinkels gemik op ouers. 'n Voorstellingsraamwerk vir die program is ontwikkel deur die integrasie van gedragsveranderingsteorieë met bewyse ten opsigte van verandering van seksuele gedrag onder adolossente en die invloed van godsdiens op adolossente seksualiteit. Die doelwit van hierdie navorsing was om die doeltreffendheid en funksionering van die program te evalueer, 'n optimale praktiese model te ontwikkel en aanbevelings vir die gebruik van die program aan 'n wyer sirkel van kerke te maak. METODES Uitkomskartering is gebruik om 'n benadering tot die ontwerp, waarneming en evaluering van die program te integreer. Alle veranderinge in projekvennote, sleutelprojekstrategieë en organisatoriese handelinge is waargeneem. Projekvennote is gedefinieër as portuurgroepopvoeders, fasiliteerders, jongmense, leraars en ouers. 'n Diepgaande begrip van watter aspekte van die program gewerk het, is bewerkstellig. Die evaluasie was ontwerp as 'n prospektiewe bykans-eksperimentele studie wat nie-lukraak gekose intervensiegroepe en kontrolegroepe vergelyk het. Daar was1352 deelnemers by aanvang, 176 afgepaarde vraelyste is teruggestuur in die intervensiegroepe en 92 in die kontrolegroepe. Veranderings in houdings, kennis en seksuele gedrag wat gerapporteer is, is tussen die twee groepe vergelyk. RESULTATE Die hooffaktore wat tot die sukses van die program gelei het, was: 'n goed ontwikkelde kurrikulum en program, effektiewe opleidingskampe, ondersteuning aan portuurgroepopvoeders deur die fasiliteerders, deurlopende raadgewing en opleiding, portuurgroepopvoeders as rolmodelle, 'n deelnemende styl van opvoeding en positiewe groepsdruk binne 'n sterk kerkgebaseerde sosiale netwerk. Die uitdaging van die kerk se negatiewe houding teenoor kondome was ook belangrik. Die swakste areas van die program was onder die leraars en ouers en in die uitdaging van media boodskappe en norme aangaande geslagskwessies. Die evaluering van die projekimpak het betekenisvolle verskille op grondslag tussen geslagte in terme van seksuele geloof en gedrag getoon. Daar was geen betekenisvolle impak van godsienstigheid op seksuele aktiwiteit nie. Die program was wel suksesvol in die toename van kondoomgebruik (p=0.02) en verhoging in ouderdom van eerste seksuele optrede (p =0.04), maar het geen impak in toename van geheelonthouding onder dié wie alreeds seksueel aktief is (p=0.25) of op die aantal seksmaats (p=0.67) gewys nie. GEVOLGTREKKING Implementering: Die program moet eerder as 'n jeug-ontwikkelingsprogram, as 'n HIV-voorkomingsprogram bemark word. Kerke in gemeenskappe met die hoogste HIV-koers moet voorkeur geniet. Die teikengroep moet jonger tieners insluit. Portuurgroepopvoeders moet deur portuurgroepe self aangewys word en nie deur volwassenes nie. Strategieë: Die strategieë van opleidingskampe en kwartaalikse byeenkomste is effektief, maar nuwe strategieë word benodig om 'n impak op ouers te maak. Inhoud: Die program behoort self-doeltreffendheid onder die jeug te bou, 'n kritiese bewustheid oor seksuele gesondheid te ontwikkel, eerder positiewe as vrees-gebaseerde boodskappe aan te bied, seksuele dwang en oorreding aan te spreek, die verband tussen kondoomgebruik en vertroue te verken, intergenerasie-seks aan te spreek en gemeenskapsuitreik- en aanbevelingsprogramme te bevorder. Die program is effektief en voldoen aan die verlangde bewyse ten einde aangewend te kan word.Met sy geskatte lidmaatskap van twee miljoen behoort die Anglikaanse Kerk dit aan te wend en kan dit ook vir ander denominasies aangepas word.
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Jaars, Cleopatra. "HIV knowledge and sexual risk behaviour of grade 12 learners in the Cape Metropole, Cape Town." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85690.
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Thesis (MCurr)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The HIV pandemic threatens the social, emotional, and physical development of all persons, especially the youth. Adolescents are more at risk of contracting HIV as their lifestyle often involves sexual exploration and experimentation. Effective educational interventions are central to HIV prevention in South Africa. Being a clinical nurse practitioner in a primary health care (PHC) facility, the principal investigator observed that school learners failed to practice safe sex and demonstrated little knowledge about HIV/AIDS prevention. The aim of the study was to investigate the reported level of HIV knowledge and sexual risk behaviour of grade 12 school learners in the Eastern Sub-District of the Cape Metropole, Cape Town. A descriptive, non-experimental, research design was employed with a primarily quantitative approach. The study population comprised grade 12 learners from high schools in the Eastern Sub-District of the Cape Metropole in Cape Town (N=7940). A total of 92 participants from four schools (2 public and 2 private) were included in the sample by using a cluster sampling method. A self-completion semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was collected by the principal investigator and a trained field worker. Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University (N11/07/225). Permission to conduct the research was obtained from the Department of Education. Reliability and validity were assured by means of a pilot study and the use of experts in the field of nursing research and statistics. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse data. Statistical associations were determined using ANOVA and the Mann-Whitney U tests. The qualitative data was analysed thematically and then quantified. The results show that the average HIV/AIDS knowledge score of participants was 60.73%. However, many gaps in HIV/AIDS knowledge were identified. Only 77.2% (n=71) of participants knew the meaning of HIV, 80.4% (n=74) did not know all the ways in which HIV can be transmitted and only 8.7% (n=8) knew how to safely use a condom. The majority of participants (67.4%; n=62) believed in the myth that HIV can be cured and 18.5% (n=17) reported that a traditional healer can cure HIV. With regard to risky behaviour, half of the participants at the time of the study (51%; n=47) reported sexual engagement and 20% (n=9) of these respondents did not use condoms. Furthermore, 25% (n=23) had used alcohol before having sex. There were no association found between the knowledge about HIV/AIDS of participants and their sexual risk behaviour. In view of these study findings, participants are exposing themselves to high risk sexual behaviour that may increase their chances of acquiring sexually transmitted infections including HIV. Several recommendations were identified, including the strengthening of HIV and STI education linked to sexual risk reduction, open communication and additional information sources, availability of condoms at schools and improved access to HIV testing at schools.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die jeug se sosiale, emosionele en fisiese ontwikkeling word deur die MIV-pandemie gekortwiek. As gevolg van hulle seksuele eksperimentering, word adolessente as ʼn hoë risikogroep beskou, sover dit die ontwikkeling van MIV aangaan. Gevolglik speel onderrig ʼn belangrike rol in MIV voorkoming. Die beoefening van onveilige seks, en onvoldoende kennis rakende MIV/VIGS-voorkoming, is deur die primêre navorser, ʼn kliniese verpleegpraktisyn in die primêre gesondheidsorg omgewing, waargeneem. Die studie het dit ten doel om te bepaal wat die MIV-kennis vlakke, en die seksuele gedrag risiko van Graad 12 leerders in die Oostelike sub-distrik van die Kaapstadse Metropool is. ʼn Beskrywende, nie-eksperimentele navorsingsontwerp is gebruik, met ʼn hoofsaaklike kwantitatiewe benadering. Uit die studie populasie van Graad 12 leerders in die Oostelike sub-distrik van die Kaapstadse Metropool hoërskole (N=7940), is ʼn steekproef van 92 deelnemers uit vier hoërskole (twee staatskole en twee privaatskole) gekies – die trossteekproefnemingsmetode is gebruik. Data is versamel deur middel van ʼn semi-gestruktureerde vraelys wat deur die deelnemers self voltooi is. Toestemming vir die uitvoer van die studie is verkry van die Etiese Komitee van die Mediese Fakulteit van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch (N11/07/225), asook die Wes-Kaapse Departement van Onderwys. Die betroubaarheid en geldigheid van die studie is verseker deur die uitvoer van ʼn voorstudie, en is verder versterk deur gebruik te maak van kundiges in die veld van statistiek en verpleegnavorsing. Data is ontleed deur middel van beskrywende statistiese metodes en assosiasies is bepaal deur gebruik te maak van variansie-analise (“ANOVA”) en Mann-Whitney U toetse. Die bevindinge is in frekwensie tabelle en histogramme vervat. Die kwalitatiewe data is gekodeer en gekategoriseer, waarna temas geïdentifiseer is. Alhoewel die studie-bevindinge aangedui het dat die deelnemers ʼn gemiddelde MIV/VIGS-kennis telling van 60.73% behaal het, is verskeie leemtes in hulle bestaande kennis geïdentifiseer. Slegs 77.2% (n=71) van die deelnemers het geweet wat MIV beteken, terwyl 80.4% (n=74) nie geweet het hoe MIV oorgedra word nie. Slegs 8.7% (n=8) van die deelnemers het kennis gehad rakende veilige kondoom gebruik. Die meerderheid van die deelnemers (67.4%; n=62) glo dat MIV genees kan word en 18.5% (n=17) het aangedui dat MIV deur ʼn tradisionele geneesheer genees kan word. Hoë-risiko gedrag, spesifiek seksuele aktiwiteit (51%; n=47%) sonder kondome (20%; n=9) is rapporteer. ʼn Verdere 25% (n=23) van die deelnemers het rapporteer dat hulle alkohol gebruik voor seks, maar daar was geen assosiasie tussen die vlak van MIV/VIGS-kennis en hoë-risiko gedrag nie. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat die deelnemers hulself blootstel aan hoë-risiko seksuele gedrag met die gevolg dat hul kans om MIV te kry verhoog. Die aanbevelings, gegrond op die bevindinge, sluit in: ʼn groter fokus op onderrig wat verband hou met MIV en seksueel oordraagbare infeksies wat gekoppel is aan ʼn verlaging in hoe-risiko seksuele gedrag, openhartige kommunikasie en bykomende inligtingshulpbronne, beskikbaarheid van kondome by skole, asook verbeterde toegang tot MIV toetsing by skole.
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Mdziniso, Nompumelelo B. "A study of perceptions, attitudes and knowledge as it pertains to susceptibility to HIV/AIDS among grade 11 pupils in Grahamstown." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007623.
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HIV/AIDS has emerged as the leading cause of death in South Africa, with young people being the most affected. Awareness of HIV/AIDS is quite high, yet prevalence rates have not stabilised and are still climbing. Lack of sexual behavioural change among young people is a major factor which explains why prevalence rates are still on the increase among this population. Sexual behaviour change is influenced by perceptions and attitudes, most notably perceived susceptibility. Information on the psychological factors that affect perceived susceptibility can provide an important base for the development of programmes aimed at reducing further transmission among young people. A survey, using a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire with close-ended questions to collect data, was conducted among Grade 11 learners (n = 318) in Rini, Grahamstown, South Africa. One of the constructs (namely Perceived Susceptibility) in the Health Belief Model informed the data collection. The data generated were first analysed descriptively, providing percentages for responses. Secondly cross-tabulations were calculated. The results showed that knowledge about HIV/AIDS is sufficient, young people receive accurate and non-conflictual messages about sex and HIV/AIDS, they are not discriminatory towards People Living With HIV/AIDS, they have adequate access to healthcare and their perceived susceptibility to HIV/AIDS is high. All these are factors which are favourable and conducive for positive sexual behavioural change. However, the study also found that there was little behaviour change among young people especially regarding regular condom use and decreased sexual activity.