Journal articles on the topic 'Youth – Spain – Social conditions'
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Cabasés, M. Àngels, and Miquel Úbeda. "Young Women, Employment and Precarity: The Face of Two Periods of Crisis in Spain (2008–2021)." Social Sciences 11, no. 6 (June 17, 2022): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11060264.
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Youth employment in Spain is characterised by temporary contracts, part-time jobs, and low wages, a long-standing situation that has been further accentuated since the 2008 crisis, placing young people, especially women, in a position of vulnerability at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through different data, this article argues that young women’s working conditions have deteriorated in comparison to those of previous generations and young men, in a period in which there have been two crises that have affected youth employment. Linking the results with the main youth employment policies allows us to observe why the precarisation of Spanish youth has not been stopped.
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Funes Rivas, María Jesús, and José Manuel Robles. "Civic Participation as Means of Empowerment. Preventing Social Exclusion of Youth in Precarious Life Conditions in Spain." Papers. Revista de Sociologia 101, no. 3 (July 6, 2016): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/papers.2093.
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Ermolieva, E. G., and N. Yu Kudeyarova. "The phenomenon of new Spanish emigration: its historical retrospect and present post-crisis reality." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, no. 3 (September 28, 2015): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2015-3-25-36.
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The article outlines new trends in the international flows of highly-skilled human resources from Spain because of deep economic crisis started in 2008 with its dramatic social consequences. High levels of youth unemployment as a result of downturn of national labor market provoked emigration of young Spaniards. The paper aims to compare the main socio-economic characteristics of recent migration and massive movements of the 1960-1970s when thousands of domestic Spaniards went abroad, to neighboring European countries to find a job and better life conditions. That historical wave of migration had rotary cycles and was composed mainly by low educated and unskilled workers. In comparison, among recent Spanish-born emigrants predominates educated and highly-qualified youth. However the Europe is the main end of attraction, some Latin American countries are increasing their importance due to the government politics with the purpose of recruiting Spanish scientists and highly qualified professionals.
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Jacovkis, Judith, Alejandro Montes, and Xavier Rambla. "When Arriving Is Not Enough—Constraints in Access to Education and Employment Opportunities for Migrant Youth." Societies 12, no. 3 (June 20, 2022): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc12030095.
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Due to an array of individual, institutional and structural factors, several constraints hinder the access of migrant youth to education, training and employment in Catalonia. In this article, we explore the conditions in which young migrants access the education and training system in Catalonia (Spain). Drawing on the theory of opportunity structures, we highlight three constraints that narrow their education and training opportunities. Our approach runs away from individualistic explanations of success or failure. The research draws on 5 focus groups and 10 in-depth interviews with young migrants who were participating in a training scheme in 2019 and 2020. Our results point out three types of conditioning factors that constrain opportunities and sometimes become unsurmountable barriers. Firstly, their migrant status narrows their opportunities for education, training and employment. Secondly, current administrative procedures eventually disrupt the ways in which certain young newcomers follow the mainstream education and training pathways. Finally, certain circumstances have inflicted socio-emotional wounds on young newcomers, not only because they have left their country and suffered from socio-economic deprivation, but also because they have been compelled to suddenly adjust their expectations.
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Bosch, Rosa, Mireia Pagerols, Raquel Prat, Gemma Español-Martín, Cristina Rivas, Montserrat Dolz, Josep Maria Haro, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribasés, and Miquel Casas. "Changes in the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Lockdown: Associated Factors and Life Conditions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7 (March 30, 2022): 4120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074120.
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This study investigated the psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among youth by analyzing their emotional/behavioral problems before and during the long-lasting lockdown in Spain. For that purpose, 699 parents with children aged 6–17 and 552 adolescents aged 12–17, who completed the parent and adolescent version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at the beginning of 2019, responded to a survey from 26 May to 15 June 2020 that assessed psychological well-being and life conditions during quarantine (i.e., sociodemographic characteristics, situation before the lockdown, physical environment and accompaniment during the lockdown, COVID-related variables). According to both parent- and self-reports, children and youth experienced a significant worsening in emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer problems, and total difficulties subscales. Findings also suggested that impairment was mainly associated with variables related to the child’s situation prior to home quarantine, the quality and quantity of the child’s social networks during the lockdown, the daily routines the child followed, the concerns the child had about health, and the presence of economic and learning problems caused by the COVID-19. Thus, the present investigation emphasizes the need for carefully monitoring the mental health of younger people, provides guidance for the development of interventions that mitigate some of the psychological difficulties faced in a situation of confinement, and highlights the importance of paying special attention to high-risk groups.
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Meda-Calvet, Ignasi. "The Social Construction of the “Non-professional Computer Users”: The “Center for the Popularization of Informatics” in Catalonia, Spain (1980s-1990s)." HoST - Journal of History of Science and Technology 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 131–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/host-2021-0006.
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Abstract The histories of personal computing have been focusing lately on groups of users who saw computing as an exciting new field in activities apparently as different as hardware tinkering, coding or even playing video games. What do we know, however, about the users who did not share these interests and yet ended up using personal computers in their everyday contexts? Based on the study of the Center for the Popularization of Informatics—a Catalan institution that promoted computer technologies among diverse audiences, often unemployed and youth—this article shows how a new and heterogeneous user profile needed to be created: the “non-professional computer users.” With the increasing use of computers in the 1990s, most people employed computer technologies as a means to carry out regular duties and labor tasks performed, in most cases, even before computerization. In addition, the article suggests that computer technologies strengthened more than improved or reshaped the traditional labor processes and working conditions.
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López, Miriam, Adolfo Cazorla, and Milagros Panta. "Rural Entrepreneurship Strategies: Empirical Experience in the Northern Sub-Plateau of Spain." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (February 26, 2019): 1243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051243.
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Entrepreneurship initiatives that could have an impact in rural areas are embedded in broader agricultural, rural development or structural policies at the European Union level. Nevertheless, there is a prevailing lack of rural strategies focused on entrepreneurship, especially in aging and depopulated EU rural regions. In this context, the need to have real experiences as an empirical contribution to the academic, political and professional spheres is identified. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the current empirical research throughout a real experience and its capitalization. The paper portrays the design and implementation of a rural entrepreneurship strategy, in a very depopulated area, engaging civil society participation by adapting the ‘Working With People’ model to the idiosyncratic conditions of the context. The study then considers the main factors of this strategy by analyzing its application in a wider area in the province of Ávila, Spain. We find that rural entrepreneurship can be enriched by strategies designed and assessed by the beneficiaries from the early stages of formulation. This experience is supported by the ‘Fundación Tatiana Pérez de Guzmán el Bueno’, a non-profit institution that manages its legacy to achieve social goals in youth training, scientific research and environmental fields.
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Yashchuk, Sergiy. "Forming of Students’ Professional Legal Competency: Foreign Experience." Comparative Professional Pedagogy 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rpp-2016-0034.
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AbstractThe article deals with analysis of future social workers’ training in the context of forming students’ professional legal competency in higher education institutions of European Union (EU), the USA and Ukraine. Based on the study of scientific and reference sources the peculiarities of the educational process in the most popular higher education institutions, particularly, in EU, offering Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Social Work have been defined: in France there is no distinct differentiation between social workers and social pedagogues; these professions successfully combine functions of education and assistance; future social workers are trained in centers and universities that follow instructions of French National Academy for Youth Protection and Juvenile Justice; at German universities social work curricula are based on threefold study load of future specialists: world societies and social development, social problems and human rights violation, international rights in social work; are interdisciplinary and can be realized in cooperation with other European universities; at British universities teachers have great practical experience in social work; student body is cosmopolitan, i.e. a mixture of mature and young students from different ethnic groups and nationalities; curricula also provide for a large volume of practical learning in working conditions corresponding to national requirements; in Spain future specialists are trained for three appropriate segments of labour market, namely, law, social work expert and Master in Social Work (such specializations as social mediation, leisure time activities, professional adaptation).
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Muehlemann, Samuel, and Stefan C. Wolter. "Can Spanish firms offer dual apprenticeships without making a net investment? Empirical evidence based on ex ante simulations of different training scenarios." Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship 5, no. 1 (April 3, 2017): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebhrm-04-2016-0009.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to simulate the potential costs and benefits for Spanish firms providing dual apprenticeship training. Design/methodology/approach The paper conducts simulations of ten training occupations in six different industries in Spain. For these simulations, the authors combined Spanish wage data and the existing training curriculum regarding instruction times in vocational school in Spain with data from Swiss firms offering training in similar occupations. These data contain information regarding the amount of workplace training, relative apprentice productivity, and the relative importance of non-wage training costs (such as training equipment). Findings The authors found that training occupation, training scenario, and firm size are important determinants of the authors’ simulations for the expected net costs of apprenticeship training in Spanish firms. Consequently, the break-even level of apprentices’ wages differs significantly by training occupation and training scenario, suggesting that one prescribed apprentice wage for all sectors and occupations would be detrimental to the willingness of many firms to provide training places. Practical implications Dual apprenticeship training may improve the labor market transition for Spanish youth. The paper provides guidelines for regulatory frameworks that allow firms to provide apprenticeship training without having to bear net training costs – an important condition given that apprentices are free to leave the training firm upon graduation. Social implications The authors’ simulations show that Spanish firms would be able to provide high-quality apprenticeship training programs that would also appeal to more talented youth because of the combination of a decent earning opportunity during the apprenticeship and good future career options. Originality/value This paper provides novel and direct empirical evidence regarding the framework conditions within the Spanish apprenticeship system, thus incentivizing both firms and individuals to participate in dual apprenticeship training programs.
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Sánchez-SanSegundo, Miriam, Rosario Ferrer-Cascales, Natalia Albaladejo-Blazquez, Raquel Alarcó-Rosales, Nicola Bowes, and Nicolás Ruiz-Robledillo. "Effectiveness of the Reasoning and Rehabilitation V2 Programme for Improving Personal and Social Skills in Spanish Adolescent Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9 (April 27, 2020): 3040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093040.
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Significant progress has been made in developing intervention programmes for adolescents at high risk of delinquency, school failure and emotional problems. The most effective programmes incorporate behavioural and skills training aimed at changing attitudes and promoting psychosocial and emotional skills in adolescents. This study examined the effectiveness of a school-based intervention programme based on the Reasoning and Rehabilitation V2 (R&R2). R&R2 is a cognitive behavioural programme developed using psychological theories about the aetiology of delinquency, as well as the cognitive, behavioural and socioemotional deficits in high-risk youth populations. A sample of 142 students (aged 13–17 years old) who were attending alternative education provision in Spain were randomly assigned to two experimental conditions (68 experimental group, 74 control group). The results showed that the R&R2 improved participants’ self-esteem, social skills, empathy and rational problem-solving with a medium–large effect size (η2 = 0.08 to 0.26). The effects of the programme were significant after controlling for age and the pre-test scores in baseline. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the Reasoning and Rehabilitation V2 programme in Spanish adolescent students and offer additional evidence regarding the implementation of the R&R2 programme in both alternative educational and mainstream school settings.
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Cano-Hila, Ana Belén. "Understanding Social Inclusion in Contemporary Society: Challenges, Reflections, Limitations, and Proposals." Social Inclusion 10, no. 2 (April 20, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v10i2.5090.
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In 2015, the UN approved the 2030 agenda on sustainable development, intending to bridge—and eventually close—the gaps that divide our societies. These 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) are presented as a master plan that covers the most painful global challenges to a knowledgeable and inclusive society. In this thematic issue we look more incisively into goals no. 1 (no poverty), no. 4 (quality of education and inclusive education), no. 10 (reduced inequalities), and no. 11 (sustainable cities and communities) of the agenda. Social inequalities have drastically intensified after the 2008 financial crisis and the period of austerity that followed, especially among the poorest people and in the most vulnerable communities. Nowadays particularly, with the Covid‐19 pandemic, these gaps seem to be growing. Against this background, this thematic issue aims to capture, make visible, understand, and analyze how social actors are organizing themselves and collaborating amongst each other in order to help attenuate and satisfy dramatic emerging social needs and improve living conditions, especially among the most vulnerable social groups, in uncertain times of crisis. We focus particularly on two main thematic blocks: social inclusion axes on the one hand (formal, non‐formal, and informal education, participation, leisure time, and culture) and vulnerable groups on the other (including children, adolescents, youth, women, the elderly, people with disabilities, and migrants). Contributions to this thematic issue offer interesting conceptual, methodological, and empirical approaches to the study of social inclusion and social inclusive experiences in contemporary societies in uncertain times, particularly in Spain, Portugal, Belgium, and Brazil.
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Mazwi, Nicola, Bongani Seremani, Tsungai Kaseke, and Clemencia Lungu. "PSYCHO-SOCIAL EXPERIENCES OF YOUTHS DURING THE COVID-19 LOCKDOWN: INSIGHTS FROM HARARE, ZIMBABWE." Business Excellence and Management S.I., no. 1 (October 15, 2020): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/beman/2020.s.i.1-04.
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The COVID-19 pandemic that started in Wuhan, Hubei province in China in December 2019 has brought about varied psycho-social experiences to youths during the COVID-19 lockdown period. World Health Organisation warned that the coronavirus and the restrictive measures around it would have negative effects on people’s mental health and well-being. Current scientific literature reveals that in China, UK and Spain COVID-19 outbreak resulted in symptoms leading to psychological disorders while in Africa the 2014 Ebola outbreak resulted in social and economic breakdowns in people’s livelihoods. This qualitative study made use of document analysis as a research design. WhatsApp messages were analysed using thematic analysis. The study sought to explore how youths in Harare, Zimbabwe responded to the lockdown and ways in which the lives of the youths were psychologically and socially affected. Research questions were on; how youths in Harare responded to the lockdown; how the lockdown affected the youths; in what ways the lockdown affected psychological lives of the youths and what can be done in future in order to improve the lives of youths during pandemics. The study revealed that some youths of Harare presented psychological conditions leading to PTSD symptoms such as stress, confusion, anger, anxiety and depression while some embraced COVID-19 Lockdown as it improved family and social ties. It was also noted that youths should be able to access psychological services during epidemics in order to avert surges in mental health illnesses emanating from national lockdowns.
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Lain, David, Kari Hadjivassiliou, Antonio Corral Alza, Iñigo Isusi, Jacqueline O’Reilly, Victoria Richards, and Sue Will. "Evaluating internships in terms of governance structures." European Journal of Training and Development 38, no. 6 (July 1, 2014): 588–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-04-2013-0044.
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Purpose – This paper aims to evaluate internships in terms of governance structures. Internships are being promoted as a European Union policy lever to address high youth unemployment. However, concerns exist that internships often have few developmental opportunities and poor employment outcomes, something this conceptual paper examines. Design/methodology/approach – The authors develop a conceptual framework for distinguishing between different types of internships based on “dimensions of governance” (contract, agreed duration and partnership). A distinction is made between “open market”, “educational” and “active labour market policy” internships, drawing on examples and evidence from Spain and Portugal. Findings – The authors argue that “governed” internships, linked to educational programmes or genuine active labour market policies, are much more likely to have beneficial outcomes than “open market internships”. This is because they provide the positive governance conditions relating to contract, duration and partnership arrangements under which employers, interns and third parties understand how they can benefit from the internship and what their responsibilities are. Research limitations/implications – The strength of the paper lies in outlining an analytical framework for future research. The evidence presented from Spain and Portugal provides support for the conceptual framework; future comparative internship research should further test the propositions made across a range of countries and contexts. Social implications – By increasing understanding of internship governance, employers, policymakers and educationalists will be in a better position to design successful internships. Originality/value – The paper broadens the focus beyond educational internships alone and proposes a conceptual framework for future research.
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Tarantino, Nicholas, Nada M. Goodrum, Christina Salama, Rebecca H. LeCroix, Karie Gaska, Sarah L. Cook, Donald Skinner, and Lisa P. Armistead. "South African Adolescents’ Neighborhood Perceptions Predict Longitudinal Change in Youth and Family Functioning." Journal of Early Adolescence 38, no. 8 (August 11, 2017): 1142–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431617725196.
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This study examined South African early adolescent youth (aged 10-14 years) and their female caregivers ( N = 99 dyads) participating in an HIV prevention intervention over a period of 8 months. We examined youth perceptions of neighborhood cohesion, safety, and collective monitoring as they related to concurrent and longitudinal associations with youth (externalizing behavior and hope about the future) and family (parent-youth relationship quality, parental involvement, and parental responsiveness to sex communication) functioning while controlling for baseline characteristics. Neighborhood perceptions were significantly associated ( p < .05) with short- and longer term outcomes. Gender differences suggested a greater protective association of perceived neighborhood conditions with changes in functioning for boys versus girls. Unexpected associations were also observed, including short-term associations suggesting a link between better neighborhood quality and poorer family functioning. We account for the culture of this South African community when contextualizing our findings and conclude with recommendations for interventions targeting neighborhood contexts.
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Plisetskii, E. E. "Administrative and Organizational Mechanisms for the Spatial Development of Shrinking Cities." Management Science 9, no. 2 (July 2, 2019): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2304-022x-2019-9-2-34-49.
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The problem of population decline, economic activity decrease and deterioration of investment attractiveness has become topical on the agenda of sustainable development of industrial or single-industry cities in most developed countries (uSA, Eu, Australia) during the last century. New urban trends are increasing of the economic efficiency of urban areas usage, encouraging restrain of the population, including youth and employable people, and attracting new ones through the creation of required jobs and the formation of comfortable living conditions. All of these demanded the mechanisms and tools development for the social and economic development of cities. world experience has accumulated various approaches to the transformation of shrinking cities — economic and financial instruments supporting the development and provision of partnership of key stakeholders of cities, integrated urban development programs, tools for optimizing the spatial and territorial structure of cities, etc. The paper analyzes the existing practices of application of administrative and organizational mechanisms for the spatial development of shrinking cities in the united States, Britain, Germany, Spain and Australia. Based on the analysis, key conclusions are drawn about the factors that divide the trajectories from decline to the cities restoration. The practical significance of the conclusions lies in the possibility of using them in the development of strategies and programs for the russian cities development that are experiencing a tendency towards a contraction of economic and territorial space.
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de Finney, Sandrina, Shezell-Rae Sam, Chantal Adams, Keenan Andrew, Kathryn McLeod, Amber Lewis, Gabby Lewis, Michaela Louis, and Pawa Haiyupis. "Rekinning Our Kinscapes." Girlhood Studies 12, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 80–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ghs.2019.120308.
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“Sisters Rising” is an Indigenous-led research project that centers the gender knowledge of Indigenous youth and communities. In this article, members of “Sisters Rising” build on the notion of kinscapes to propose renegade stewardship as a generative concept through which to consider what kinds of responses are required at the community-scholarly-activist level to disrupt conditions of gender-based and sexual violence and racialized poverty that strip Indigenous bodies of sovereignty, land, and cultural connections while targeting us for genocide. Operating from a multimethod research standpoint that is land- and arts-based, community-rooted, and action-oriented, that engages youth of all genders, and that links body sovereignty to decolonization, this work seeks to build political, theoretical, ceremonial, and interpersonal channels that are crucial to restoring dignity with advocacy for and by Indigenous communities.
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Strom, Paris. "Grandparents and Parents: An Essential Partnership for Longevity Societies." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2830.
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Abstract This presentation hypothesizes that an innovative collaboration by the adult generations will be necessary to enable conditions needed for family success in a longevity society. Unprecedented challenges of parents and grandparents are examined. Reasons why adults have to regard youth as a source of learning about their unique experiences in an age-separated society are explained. International curriculum development studies to support families of children from birth through adolescence are described. A curriculum that provides a common knowledge base about child and adolescent guidance is proposed to harmonize efforts of adults to support younger relatives. Curriculum for retirees should focus on continuing responsibilities other generations expect of them, learning about the lives of younger family members, and gaining awareness of parenting practices to reinforce lessons. Training volunteers in assisted living and long-term care facilities to be indigenous leaders of grandparent classes is discussed as a practical way to offer relevant learning and improve social support. Instruments are examined that assess ethnic relationships between adult generations, adults and adolescents, and track results of education intervention.
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Bartolomé-Gutiérrez, Raquel, and Cristina Rechea-Alberola. "Violent youth groups in Spain." YOUNG 14, no. 4 (October 11, 2006): 323–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308806068547.
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Camozzi, Ilenya, Daniela Cherubini, Carmen Leccardi, Paola Rivetti, Carles Feixa Pàmpols, Jose Sánchez García, Leila Bouasria, and Caroline Minialai. "Youth Cultures: Values, Representations and Social Conditions." Background Paper, no. 3 (June 8, 2015): 1–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24241/swbp.2015.3.1.
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Resnick, Michael D., and Roberta Hibbard. "Chronic physical and social conditions of youth." Journal of Adolescent Health Care 9, no. 6 (November 1988): S27—S32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-0070(88)90005-8.
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Chernysh, A. R. "Social integration of youth as a form of social protection of youth." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 4 (November 27, 2022): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.04.31.
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The article examines the concept of integration to achieve the process of inclusion of youth in the development of civil society, taking into account the socio-cultural context, taking into account the historical patterns of the country's development. Current legislation in the field of social protection of youth, in the field of employment, provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine regarding the legal regulation of the process of labor integration of youth are analyzed. The works of theorists of labor law and social security law O.M. Yaroshenka, Yu.M. Shchotova, P.M. Rossokhatskgo, T.A. Kolyady were studied. etc. on the subject of the problems of youth implementation of the right to work, as a guarantee of the development of spiritual, creative potential and economic independence. The article draws attention to the problems and obstacles faced by young people in the process of realizing their labor rights. Emphasis is placed on the importance of professional training that a young person can undergo to increase their competitiveness in the labor market. Just as professional training is the process of acquiring or improving professional knowledge, abilities and skills by a person in accordance with his vocation and abilities, which ensures the appropriate level of professional qualification for professional activity and competitiveness in the labor market. The experience of such highly developed countries as Great Britain, Germany, Japan, France, and the USA was studied. Measures taken by countries to limit youth unemployment are noteworthy. The example of Bulgaria is given, where the practice of developing age-differentiated employment programs for young people is widespread; Germany, where there is professional selection and career guidance at an early age; the combination of professional training and production activities at the expense of specially created government funds by local authorities takes place in Denmark; encouraging employers to employ young people aged 16 to 26 in the form of reduced amounts of social contributions for them as a kind of tax benefits is actively used in France and Spain; the active practice of involving young people in six-month internships with at least the minimum wage has a positive effect on the further employment of young people in Australia. Proposals are given for the introduction of advanced foreign experience.
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Brea Castro, Millán. "Houses of youth: a pioneering experience of social intervention in Spain." Social Work with Groups 43, no. 3 (February 8, 2019): 196–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01609513.2019.1579014.
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Soler, Alberto, Jonathan Torres-Tellez, and García Ayala. "Youth emancipation and the labour market in Spain." Panoeconomicus, no. 00 (2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan191125016s.
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This paper studies the effects of a negative economic shock on short- and long-term youth emancipation in Spain over the period 1995-2017. We use a vector autoregressive (VAR) model with different endogenous and exogenous variables which might have an impact on youth residential emancipation according to the academic literature. The results show how emancipation is impacted negatively by the shock after two quarters on average. Following this, the situation returns to its prior state at an accelerated rate. We also find that, in the short term, the unemployment rate has a greater influence than the temporary employment rate on youth emancipation. In the long term, this trend is reversed. To conclude, we find that emancipation processes do not depend as much on entry into the labour market as they do on the conditions to stay in it.
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Crenshaw, David A. "Clinical Tools to Facilitate Treatment of Childhood Traumatic Grief." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 51, no. 3 (November 2005): 239–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/12md-epqx-47dy-kw0x.
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Cohen and Mannarino (2004) define childhood traumatic grief (CTG) as “a condition in which trauma symptoms impinge on children's ability to negotiate the normal grieving process” (p. 819). Brown and Goodman (2005) add further clarification, “According to our current understanding of CTG and normal grief, thoughts and images of a traumatic nature are so terrifying, horrific, and anxiety provoking that they cause the child to avoid and shut out these thoughts and images that would be comforting reminders of the person who died. In contrast, a child who does not have intrusive reminders, or who did not experience the death as traumatic, is able to access the person in memory in a manner that is positive and beneficial to integrating the death in his or her total life experience” (pp. 255, 257). The distressing and intrusive images, reminders, and thoughts of the traumatic circumstances of the death, along with the physiological hyperarousal associated with such re-experiencing, prevent the child from proceeding in a healthy way with the grieving process. In addition, while such children are ordinarily excluded from studies of empirically validated treatment studies because of severity and co-morbidity of their conditions, clinicians often see youngsters where traumatic death has been superimposed on a history of multiple losses and in some cases socio-cultural trauma and/or major psychiatric disorders in the child or family. The projective drawing and storytelling strategies and the evocative technique described in this article are intended to offer clinicians additional tools to deal with such seriously impacted youth so that the trauma work can be approached in the relative safety of symbolism and metaphor prior to directly confronting the trauma events.
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Woodman, Dan, and Johanna Wyn. "Youth Policy and Generations: Why Youth Policy Needs to ‘Rethink Youth’." Social Policy and Society 12, no. 2 (November 30, 2012): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746412000589.
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There is an emerging consensus that new approaches are needed to take account of the impact of social conditions on young people's lives. We argue that an approach informed by the sociology of generations can highlight the interrelationships between changing social context and life patterns. This approach enables policies that aim to enhance the social inclusion of youth at risk to recognise the intersections between individual and social transitions that shape the changing experience of youth. We argue that social change needs to be recognised in order to ensure that policies are based on a sound understanding of new patterns in young lives.
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Savelchuk, Iryna, Daria Bybyk, Valentyna Hrebenova, Yurii Horban, and Oksana Koshelieva. "Social competence of student youth." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, Extra-A (May 17, 2021): 481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020217extra-a849p.481-490.
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The relevance of the scientific investigation involves understanding the importance of the social competence concept in the students’ environment in terms of distance learning, which has arisen based on quarantine restrictions. The purpose of the scientific investigation is to identify the formation level of social competence of student youth in the educational environment within the conditions of pandemic in the process of distance learning. Methods of pedagogical research (remote interaction), sociological (survey in Google-forms) and statistical methods have been used to form a methodological base. It has been revealed that in the conditions of distance learning at HEI during a pandemic, social competence undergoes significant changes, considering that the results of a survey of students are significant, indicating a decrease in the level of socialization. The practical significance of the results of the scientific investigation is aimed at improving the social development of the individual, outlining the main transitions between levels of socialization in terms of quarantine restrictions and distance learning.
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Rodriguez-Modroño, Paula. "Youth unemployment, NEETs and structural inequality in Spain." International Journal of Manpower 40, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 433–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-03-2018-0098.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply an intersectional analysis to assess the impact of structural factors on the risk of being a NEET for youth in Spain. The author study if inequalities have changed after the economic crisis, once youth policies designed to improve the Spanish school-to-work transition (SWT) system were implemented. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on microdata from the Spanish Survey on Income and Living Conditions, the paper compares the probability of becoming not in employment, education or training (NEET) of young men and women born inside or outside Spain and living in different types of households. Findings Although unemployment rates have improved since the end of the crisis, the situation regarding youth employment, poverty and inequalities remains challenging. Gender and other structural differences are usually ignored in policy debates and in the measures adopted to fight youth unemployment, leading to the persistance of inequalities. Research limitations/implications The analysis illustrates new lines and trajectories in the segmentation of youth labor markets along the lines of gender, household and country of origin. Practical implications The findings highlight the need for introducing an analysis of the different sources of vulnerability in policy designs in order to promote a real and sustainable change in SWTs. Originality/value The contribution of this research to the literature on NEET and SWT is to introduce a framework that allows for the intersectional analysis of gender and other structural inequalities.
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Cortés-Ramos, Antonio, Juan Antonio Torrecilla García, Miguel Landa-Blanco, Francisco Javier Poleo Gutiérrez, and María Teresa Castilla Mesa. "Activism and Social Media: Youth Participation and Communication." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 21, 2021): 10485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810485.
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Background: Digitalization and hyperconnectivity generate spaces for youth participation in social activism through social media platforms. The purpose of this research was to analyze young people’s online experience in social activism movements, including their preferences, themes, usage of language, and perceived impact. Methods: The research is framed within a qualitative interpretative–descriptive paradigm. Five focus groups were conducted, including 58 high school students from Malaga, Spain. Results: Several themes were identified through the coding process, including technological devices and social media preferences, participation in social movements or activism, perception of the degree of participation, the focus of interest, motivation for involvement, language use on social media, and beliefs. Conclusions: In a hyperconnected world, youth participation in social movements becomes more relevant. Their interest is reflected in the enormous potential that this social participation of young people has through networks and virtual platforms, becoming an informal communication model with characteristics to be an effective vehicle for social transformation.
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Pineda-Herrero, Pilar, Ingrid Agud-Morell, Anna Ciraso-Calí, and Pere Soler-Masó. "In Their Own Words: Elements of Youth Empowerment in Spain." Journal of Social Service Research 44, no. 5 (October 11, 2018): 601–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2018.1476290.
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Hyun, Sun-Yung, and Hae-Yeon Yoo. "A Study on the Improvement Plan of Social Housing for Youth in Korea : Focused on the Social Housing for Youth in Spain." Journal of the Korean Housing Association 30, no. 2 (April 25, 2019): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.6107/jkha.2019.30.2.073.
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Lema-Blanco, Isabel, Eduardo-Francisco Rodríguez-Gómez, and Alejandro Barranquero-Carretero. "Youth and the third sector media in Spain: Communication and social change training." Comunicar 24, no. 48 (July 1, 2016): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c48-2016-09.
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The aim of this paper is to examine the role of community, free and university media in Spain as tools for media literacy and as instruments for creating a more critical and communicative citizenry. After a conceptual section, we analyse training processes in this area with regard to the general population and their reference communities, devoting particular emphasis to the involvement of young people. The triangulation research method was based on quantitative (a survey) and qualitative (focus groups) techniques. The results show that the third sector media in Spain act as invaluable tools for the acquisition of skills and competences that are transferable into young people’s professional and experiential sphere, given the ability of these media outlets to identify with their interests, aspirations and difficulties. In a broad sense, these initiatives contribute to expanding the right of communication in two different ways: on the one hand, because they are open to citizen participation in both management responsibilities and content programming; and, on the other, because their decentralized practices provide a laboratory for creative journalism which, in turn, is linked to social movements and other means of expression for citizens (NGOs, associations, etc.). El siguiente trabajo tiene por objeto acercarse al papel de los medios comunitarios, libres y universitarios del Estado español como instrumentos para la alfabetización mediática y en tanto que espacios para la conformación de ciudadanía crítica y comunicativa. Tras el apartado conceptual, se analizan los procesos de aprendizaje que se implementan con respecto a la ciudadanía en general y a las comunidades de referencia en particular, prestando especial atención al rol y a la participación de la juventud. A partir de la triangulación de técnicas cuantitativas (encuesta) y cualitativas (grupos de discusión), los resultados demuestran que los medios del tercer sector actúan como valiosas herramientas para la adquisición de habilidades y competencias críticas que pueden transferirse a la esfera profesional y vivencial de los jóvenes, dada la identificación de estos medios con los intereses, problemáticas y aspiraciones juveniles. En un sentido amplio, estas iniciativas contribuyen a la expansión del derecho a la comunicación en dos irecciones: por un lado, porque están abiertas a la participación ciudadana en las tareas de gestión y programación de los contenidos; y, por otro, porque sus prácticas descentralizadas constituyen un laboratorio de creatividad periodística que, a su vez, está vinculado al devenir de los movimientos sociales y otras formaciones de la ciudadanía organizada (ONG, asociaciones, etc.).
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Strecker, Tanja, and Carles Feixa. "Gender and social class in study choice: narratives of youth transitions in Spain." Gender and Education 32, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 429–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2018.1495831.
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Zeldin, Shepherd, Linda Camino, and Carrie Mook. "The adoption of innovation in youth organizations: Creating the conditions for youth-adult partnerships." Journal of Community Psychology 33, no. 1 (2004): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20044.
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Herranz de Rafael, Gonzalo, and Juan Fernández-Prados. "Subterranean Values and Deviance: An Empirical Investigation of the Case of Spain." Social Sciences 7, no. 9 (September 3, 2018): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci7090149.
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This study examines value similarities between deviant youth on the one hand and mainstream society on the other rather than value differences. The classic sociological research on deviance by Matza and Sykes supports this approach, given that their investigations focused more on similarities between subterranean values and the values of normal society. The General Social Survey of Spain (2016) includes 17 indicators for deviant behavior, which is the dependent variable. Likewise, it is used to define social capital and the rest of the different independent variables of the analysis. In conclusion, whereas social capital and social values were absent as causes of juvenile delinquency, the following variables explained significantly the deviant behavior among Spanish youth: tolerance towards deviance, adolescent experience, and sex. This suggests that there are at least two possible keys to improve or avoid the problem of juvenile crime: prevention or awareness programmes and new critical feminist criminology point of view.
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Orlova, Vera, and Irina Sokolovskaya. "Confidence in conditions of social uncertainty." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 17034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021017034.
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Relevance is determined by the riskogennostju social, political, economic, social and cultural living conditions of Russians, growing uncertainty, fragmenarnostju the functioning of many social institutions. Relevance also lies in the intensity of the negative development orientations of youth as a result of the socio-economic changes and the growing public controversy, resulting in loss of life smysloobrazujushhih ideals, loss of confidence, changing values in public and individual consciousness. The problem of trust/distrust of youth to social agents, personal safety, self-actualization become relevant. Aggressive behaviour becomes the norm of the time. The role of trust as one of the most important factors in the implementation of dialogue in society. Prerequisites for the actualization of the destructive problems are complex and diverse in many respects, part of the Russian society and the socio-economic and political contradictions. The novelty is that the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach in the study of the phenomenon of "trust"; on the basis of a theoretical and comparative analysis of the factors forming confidence as conditions for social dialogue shows that supports socio-cultural situation in the society. Category "trust/distrust" appeared to be integrative, structural and properties of multicomponent, developing and undergoes a transformation.
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BEREZUTSKIY, YURI V., and NIKOLAY M. BAYKOV. "State youth policy and its role in social development." Public Administration 22, no. 5 (2020): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2070-8378-2020-22-5-12-18.
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The article presents the analysis of the state youth policy as an instrument of influence on the state and social development of youth, its social activity. The contradictions that exist between the performance indicators declared by the state policy and the real problems of youth, determined by the living conditions, are indicated. Based on the results of all-Russian and regional sociological studies and statistics, the motives of migratory movements of youth from their territories of residence to the centers of gravity of the country and foreign countries that have more attractive living and employment conditions for youth are justified. Using the example of the Russian Far East, the dysfunctional consequences of the clerical-bureaucratic approach laid down in the state youth policy to quantify the state of youth ignoring its large-scale migration outflow from the territories of residence are substantiated. Scientific and practical recommendations on improvement of indicators of the state youth policy promoting strengthening of its role in providing the basic needs of youth in various spheres of activity, especially in development of youth business are offered.
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Yakovleva, V. V., and R. R. Alimova. "Peculiarities of Verbal Communication of Some Youth Subcultural Representatives in Spain." Linguistics & Polyglot Studies 8, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-1-30-114-121.
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This article is dedicated to the investigation of the most characteristic peculiarities of the identification mode of certain subcultural representatives compared to the main or dominant culture expression. To this end, the article analyses, firstly, the evolution of the term “culture” and the emergence of the “subculture” phenomenon, the history of the so-called urban tribes formation into a new social phenomenon, as well as the correlations between such concepts as “dominant culture” and “subculture”, “dominant culture” and “counterculture”. Secondly, in the article are described some vestimentary code features and the verbal realization of the identity of bakala, choni and cani subcultures, belonging to the so-called “poligono” groups, numerically superior to other groups composed by marginal young people. From the point of view of the language of these subcultures, they belong to the category of vernacular, based on a mixture of the Andalusian vernacular and a criminal slang. In this regard, the article considers the formation of the slang of similar social groups, the trends in their use of word-formation models and the grammatical design of sentences, as well as the graphical manifestation of their speech features using the examples from video and audio recordings of informants, interviews and blogs of the world youth fashion and showbusiness representatives. The study of a graphic speech representation can be used to investigate tendencies in word reduction or replacement with icons, as well as other features in the language of Internet forums, commentaries on publications and other forms of communication in the Internet.The relevance of this article is in the speech analysis of modern Spanish subcultural representatives that have emerged over two decades and existed in all major cities of Spain, have a certain influence on the speech behavior of politicians and have given new lexical units included in the Royal Spanish Academy dictionary. The article contains not only linguistic, but also extralinguistic material, which can be used in lexicology, linguistic studies, linguoculturology and in the teaching of related disciplines and may be of interest to a wide audience studying Spanish.
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Pashinina, E. I., and I. V. Babayan. "Youth Social Well-being in Socio-economic Conditions of Modernization." Sociology. Politology 16, no. 1 (March 20, 2016): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1818-9601-2016-16-1-15-22.
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Kononovych, D. O. "SOCIAL PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF FORMING CRITICAL THINKING OF STUDENT YOUTH." Innovate Pedagogy 19, no. 1 (2019): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32843/2663-6085-2019-19-1-33.
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González-Fuente, Iñigo, and Isabel Pérez-Ortega. "Between Planning and Improvisation: Precarioused Educational and Labor Paths of Youth in Cantabria, Spain." Athenea Digital. Revista de pensamiento e investigación social 17, no. 3 (November 7, 2017): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/athenea.1823.
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López, Roberto Moreno, Rosa Marí Ytarte, and Beatriz Esteban Ramiro. "Labour market, education and the specific youth programs: study of perception in Toledo - Spain." International Journal of Adolescence and Youth 25, no. 1 (February 18, 2019): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2019.1581068.
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Uba, Katrin, and Ludvig Stendahl. "Youth- and Crime-Related Political Claims in Comparative Perspective." American Behavioral Scientist 64, no. 5 (November 14, 2019): 652–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764219885422.
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This article analyzes youth collective activism in relation to crime and violence in the context of long-term dominance of “moral panics” discourse, where young people are often framed as a “threat” and “problem.” While many prior studies focus on media presentation of youth in single countries, we investigate how youth actors themselves make political claims related to crime and violence, and take a comparative perspective on this question. Based on a unique data on youth-related political claims from the newspapers of nine European countries—France, Greece, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, we demonstrate that youth are rarely present in the public discussions about crime and violence, especially in the countries where youth actors face restricted discursive opportunities in the print media. The dominant “adult view” in claims about crime and violence often connect youth to diverse social problems and attribute blame to youth more often than to adults; the claims made by youth do not make such a difference in blame attribution.
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Strecker, Tanja, Joffre López, and M. Àngels Cabasés. "Examining NEET situations in Spain: Labour Market, Discourses and Policies." Journal of Applied Youth Studies 4, no. 2 (April 2021): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43151-021-00048-2.
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AbstractNot in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET) and its Spanish equivalent ‘nini’ (Ni estudia, Ni trabaja) have dominated youth policy discourses in recent years. Within the European Union, Spain is one of the countries with the highest proportion of young people in NEET situations. In this article, it is argued that the idea of NEET has been weaponised to stigmatise youth, by evoking the phantom of a demotivated young person with scarce training. This stigmatisation has little to do with the reality of many young Spaniards who can find themselves in different situations, such as unemployment, precarious employment, training and education in a matter of days. Thus, there is a need to consider the different experiences and structural circumstances of so-called NEETs rather than viewing them as a homogenous and static group. Using documentary analysis and secondary data, this article examines the diversity of NEET situations for the youth in Spain, which is generally not captured in large national statistics data-sets and policies. Furthermore, it analyses the EU Youth Guarantee and its application in Spain, highlighting where official objectives have not been met, and includes an overview of the current effects of the coronavirus crisis. Ultimately, the paper shows that public discourses centred on an artificially created social group (NEET) legitimise and produce policies that do not respond to young people’s actual needs and problems, especially for the most vulnerable among them.
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Arendachuk, I. V., N. V. Usova, and M. A. Klenova. "Features of the Social Activity of Russian Youth in Conditions of Forced Social Restrictions." Social Psychology and Society 13, no. 4 (2022): 182–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130411.
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<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objective.</strong> The study of the characteristics of the social activity of young people in conditions of restrictions associated with forced isolation, aimed at identifying the features of the manifestation of its compensatory forms due to social frustration. <strong>Background.</strong> The psychological aspects of the problem of social activity of an individual limited by new social norms and rules due to the spread of coronavirus infection require a more complete study. In this regard the question of the characteristics that determine the characteristics of youth activity in different spheres of life. <strong>Study design.</strong> The paper analyzes the specificity in the manifestation of social activity among Russian youth in connection with forced social restrictions. The dependence of various forms of social activity by its psychological characteristics. The hypothesis about the socially oriented orientation of youth activity in conditions of social isolation is tested. <strong>Participants.</strong> Representatives of Russian youth: 409 people (74% women, 26% men) from 17 to 30 years old (M=21.35; SD=3.78). <strong>Measurements. </strong>Questionnaire for the study of socio-demographic characteristics and the severity of various forms of social activity (R.M. Shamionov et al.); the methods <em>“</em>Personality activity in conditions of forced social restrictions” (N.V. Usova et al.). <strong>Results.</strong> In the conditions of forced social restrictions youth have increased family-household, civil, educational-developmental, Internet-network and Internet-search forms of activity, the severity of leisure and socio-economic activity decreases, and there are no changes in its other forms of manifestation. Leisure, civic, socio-economic and educational-developmental activity of young people is characterized by frustration at the consequences of forced social restrictions, the severity of compensatory forms and the activation of additional personal resources. Internet-network and Internet-search activity is aimed at social contacts and itself acts as a form of compensation for other types of activity during the period of self-isolation. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> Changes in the manifestation of the social activity of young people during the period of social isolation are diachronic in nature. The main characteristics reflecting the specificity of social activity in its various forms are established. The compensatory forms of social activity and the factors of its determination in conditions of forced social restrictions are revealed.</p>
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Watson, Juliet, and Hernán Cuervo. "Youth homelessness: A social justice approach." Journal of Sociology 53, no. 2 (April 21, 2017): 461–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783317705204.
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Social justice approaches that work towards eliminating youth homelessness with a sole focus on material needs overlook the significance of non-material aspects, such as the impact of social exclusion and stigma on individuals’ subjectivities. The lack of social legitimacy associated with homelessness is exacerbated under neoliberal conditions, with the shift from social to individual responsibility positioning those unable to achieve the normative transition to adulthood as social failures. We draw on interviews with young homeless women in Australia to extend the emerging sociological focus on the relational aspects of homelessness through a social justice lens. We analyse the association between subjectivity, stigma and neoliberalism, and draw on Iris Marion Young’s theory of justice to highlight how these shape experiences of homelessness. We conclude that overcoming homelessness requires policies and practices that give a greater focus to non-material aspects of homelessness through an emphasis on empowerment, self-respect and autonomy.
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Holleran, Max. "The ‘lost generation’ of the 2008 crisis: Generational memory and conflict in Spain." Journal of Sociology 55, no. 3 (December 7, 2018): 463–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783318817907.
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Since the 2008 crisis, youth unemployment in Southern Europe has hindered a return to social and economic stability: in Spain, the young and unemployed are sometimes referred to as a ‘lost generation’. This article investigates how rampant youth unemployment in Spain has darkened expectations for the country’s future inside the European Union (EU) as well as altered views of the past. Using interviews with jobless young people, the article argues that the severity and duration of the 2008 crisis has prompted historical revisionism. Age cohorts often organise around pivotal events and the article shows how young people have questioned the success of democratisation (1980s) and European integration (1990s), causing a growing rift with their parents’ generation. Finally, it explores generational conflict in Spain through three interconnected experiences of unemployment: returning to live with parents, urban to rural migration for a lower cost of living, and emigration to Northern Europe for employment.
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Revuelto-Taboada, Lorenzo, Ana Redondo-Cano, and Francisco Balbastre-Benavent. "SURVIVAL CAUSAL PATTERNS OF SOCIAL AND COMMERCIAL ENTREPRENEURIAL INITIATIVES IN SPAIN." Journal of Business Economics and Management 22, no. 4 (August 16, 2021): 1047–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2021.14886.
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This research aims at analysing the influence of a holistic configuration of factors related to industry and the characteristics of the entrepreneur and the business, on the survival of social and commercial entrepreneurial initiatives in both, new and consolidated companies. The sample ranges from 2,851 to 2,109 firms, according to the period considered, and has been obtained from the reports of the projects submitted to the Assistance Programme to Young Entrepreneurs, promoted by the Valencian Institute of Youth. Other sources of information have been the Institute’s own reports and the Chambers of Commerce. A configurational analysis is performed using the Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. The results obtained show that there is no necessary condition by itself and that there are several sufficient solutions that explain a considerable percentage of survival cases. They also show how the solutions vary significantly and, consequently, the relevance of the different causal antecedents, when the company acquires greater maturity.
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Ponedelko, Galina. "FINANCIAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL POLICY OF SPAIN IN THE NEW CONDITIONS." Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS 29, no. 5 (October 31, 2022): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran52022102112.
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The article deals with the latest trends and problems of the economic and social development of Spain in conditions of large-scale geopolitical and energy crises, the deterioration of the terms of world trade caused by the war in Ukraine. The main ones are growing inflation, falling dynamic of domestic demand, business activity, negative growth rates in the agricultural sector of the economy, uncertainty in the development of some industries and services, growing social inequality. The author focuses her attention on the analysis of the current social policy of the government of the PSOE aimed primarily at mitigating inflationary blow to the socially vulnerable segments of the population. The article also discusses some new promising directions (in the field of employment policy, social security and education) and the mechanism of budget financing based on short-term and medium term planning, special bonus programs and, of course, the long-term basic “Spanish plan for the recovery, transformation and resilience of the national economy”. The successful implementation of this plan, approved by the European Commission and generously funded by European funds, could have a consolidating and a life-changing impact on other EU memberstates and on the Community as a whole. And vice versa.
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Jørgensen, Clara Helene Rübner. "‘Peer social capital’ and networks of migrants and minority ethnic youth in England and Spain." British Journal of Sociology of Education 38, no. 4 (February 18, 2016): 566–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2015.1131144.
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Paschou, Maria, Maria Kousis, Manlio Cinalli, and Didier Chabanet. "The Spatial Scope of Youth-Related Claims Making in Nine European Countries." American Behavioral Scientist 64, no. 5 (November 18, 2019): 686–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764219885438.
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This comparative examination sheds light on the spatial scope of actors making youth-related claims in mainstream media. Drawing on the “political opportunity structure” approach, our main argument is that the spatial scope of political debates on youth-related issues are driven by institutional arrangements reflecting windows of opportunities for the representation of various youth interests. Methodologically, we draw on “claim-making” analysis of five newspapers for each of the nine countries of the EURYKA project, that is, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Our cross-national exploratory analysis aims to show, (a) how state configuration and youth regime contexts impact on the spatial scope of youth and nonyouth actors, and furthermore, on specific state, civil society, and interest group actors, as well as (b) whether this leads to a new clustering of countries across spatial divides in the age of youth precarity. Cross-national variation is especially considered by looking at how institutional arrangements vary in each country, based on their youth policy regimes, the specific state structure and the impact of recent economic crisis on youth welfare policies.