Journal articles: 'Youth reporting'

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Wicklund, Alissa, and J. Douglas Coatsworth. "Concussion disclosure in middle and high school youth: Who gets the message and are they trained to receive it?" Journal of Concussion 4 (January 2020): 205970022092449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059700220924499.

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Background Disclosure of concussion is vital for proper diagnosis and treatment. Youth have many stakeholders to whom they may disclose concussion, including parents, peers, coaches, and school personnel. We examined whom high school and middle school youth report concussion and the level of concussion education of the recipients of the disclosure. Methods Data were analyzed from 2362 students, 680 parents, and 150 school personnel who completed an online survey about concussion reporting, education, and training. Results Youth were most likely to disclose concussions to parents, particularly mothers, and their peer group. Middle school youth reported to teachers and school nurses at higher rates than high school youth. High school youth were more likely to disclose concussion to coaches and athletic trainers than middle school youth. While mothers were the most likely recipient of youths’ reporting, they were least likely to have received concussion education. Conclusions Recipients of youth concussion disclosure differs by school level. Parents are the most common recipients of disclosure. The role of school personnel and coaches changes as youth enter high school. Youth primarily report concussions to parents, yet parents receive the least amount of concussion training. These findings highlight the need for targeted concussion training for stakeholder groups as their role in disclosure may differ by school age.

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Kunz, Charlotte B., Leonard A. Jason, Monica Adams, and Steven B. Pokorny. "Assessing Police Community Readiness to Work on Youth Access and Possession of Tobacco." Journal of Drug Education 39, no. 3 (September 2009): 321–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/de.39.3.g.

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Researchers are only beginning to investigate how to measure a community's readiness to engage in an intervention. In this study, we investigated the readiness of police departments to deal with tobacco policies about youth access to tobacco and youth possession of tobacco. Police officers in 24 towns completed structured interviews designed to assess each police department's community readiness to enforce tobacco sales and possession laws. Community readiness ratings were compared to outcome measures in the community, such as tobacco sales and possession enforcement activity, youth knowledge of such activities, and youth reports of smoking history. Higher readiness ratings on the youth tobacco possession enforcement scale was related to higher youth possession citation rates, higher number of youth reporting knowing someone who received a possession ticket, and a smaller number of youth reporting seeing minors smoking in their community. Youth in communities with higher possession readiness ratings in Efforts and Knowledge Regarding the Efforts had lower reports of youth reporting ever having smoked. Higher readiness ratings in the Leadership dimension of tobacco sales enforcement was related to lower tobacco commercial sales rates in the community. Higher tobacco sales readiness ratings in the Efforts, Knowledge Regarding the Efforts, and Knowledge Regarding the Problem dimensions were related to a lower number of youth reporting ever having smoked. The implications of these findings are discussed.

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Parkinson, Michael D. "Reporting System for Violent Deaths and Youth Suicide." JAMA 301, no. 5 (February 4, 2009): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.45.

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Vassar, Matt, and William Hale. "Reliability reporting practices in youth life satisfaction research." Social Indicators Research 83, no. 3 (December 22, 2006): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-006-9074-2.

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Lancaster, Kari, Caitlin Elizabeth Hughes, and Bridget Spicer. "News Media Consumption among Young Australians: Patterns of Use and Attitudes towards Media Reporting." Media International Australia 143, no. 1 (May 2012): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1214300104.

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Research suggests youth make active choices about how they use and respond to media. Yet publicly available information outlining patterns of youth media consumption and how content is perceived – especially in relation to reporting of issues of pertinence to youth – is limited. Using an online survey of 2296 Australians aged 16–24, we measured news media consumption and perceptions of reporting on illicit drugs. The study concluded that Australian youth are not ‘deserting’ news media; indeed, they have regular contact with news media. However, youth regard mainstream news as lacking credibility.

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Perry, Elizabeth W., Rachel Culbreth, Monica Swahn, Rogers Kasirye, and Shannon Self-Brown. "Psychological distress among orphaned youth and youth reporting sexual exploitation in Kampala, Uganda." Children and Youth Services Review 119 (December 2020): 105587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105587.

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Overgaard, Penny Morgan. "CONCUSSION REPORTING IN YOUTH SPORTS: A GROUNDED THEORY APPROACH." Neurology 93, no. 14 Supplement 1 (September 30, 2019): S24.2—S24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000581068.68712.6a.

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ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to generate a grounded theory that explained concussion reporting in youth sports from the perspective of the young athletes.BackgroundParticipation in youth sports is increasingly popular with estimates of 35 – 40 million U.S. children playing an organized sport each year. Current concussion education has not been shown to be consistently effective. The risk of concussion exposure is present in a number of youth sports. Much of the research surrounding concussion reporting has targeted older adolescents. A better understanding of the reporting process among younger athletes is needed.Design/MethodsA grounded theory approach was used to gather and analyze data from semi-structured interviews with soccer players ages 5 to 12. The sample consisted of eleven athletes (8 male, 3 female) from non-elite soccer leagues in two counties; Maricopa, Arizona and Santa Barbara, California.ResultsData analysis induced four conceptual categories; trusted environment, self-monitoring, being a player and incentive structure. The resultant theoretical model explains injury reporting from the perspective of young athletes. This study suggests that there is an incentive structure related to injury reporting, that young athletes have a good understanding of the incentives in relation to their perception of self as a player. Athletes demonstrate self-agency in terms of self-monitoring, however important adult others provide a trusted environment that makes children feel safe with their decisions.ConclusionsThis study suggests that a better understanding of the incentive structure embedded in the reporting process is needed to design effective prevention and education strategies. Important other adults such as parents and coaches may play a pivotal role in injury reporting among younger athletes when compared to adolescents.

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Mickler, Steve. "Visions of disorder: Aboriginal people and youth crime reporting." Cultural Studies 6, no. 3 (October 1992): 322–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09502389200490211.

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Brank, Eve M., Jennifer L. Woolard, Veda E. Brown, Mark Fondacaro, Jennifer L. Luescher, Ramona G. Chinn, and Scott A. Miller. "Will They Tell? Weapons Reporting by Middle-School Youth." Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice 5, no. 2 (April 2007): 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541204006296171.

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Bridge, Jeffrey A. "Reporting System for Violent Deaths and Youth Suicide—Reply." JAMA 301, no. 5 (February 4, 2009): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.46.

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Azulay, Vered. "Professional Burnout among Teachers in Regular Schools and Youth Villages in Israel." Yearbook of Pedagogy 42, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rp-2019-0010.

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SummaryThe research study addresses the burnout of teachers who teach in regular schools vs. burnout among teachers who teach in youth villages in Israel. The research participants consist of 73 teachers who work with at-risk youths in youth villages in Israel and 70 teachers who work in regular schools, making a total of 143 teachers. A 5-segment self-reporting questionnaire was distributed. The study found a difference in how teachers refer to the factors influencing their departure. In the youth villages, as the factors of support are greater, the factors of departure are more significant. Hence, it is possible to understand that the conclusion that arises from the study is that in order to prevent teacher burnout it is necessary to create many more sources of support, both in regular schools and in youth villages.

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Bridges, Ana J., Linda E. Guzman, and Alex Melkonian. "Youth and Caregiver Agreement of Youth Symptoms in Language Concordant and Discordant Dyads: Is Something Lost in Translation?" Social Sciences 8, no. 12 (November 21, 2019): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci8120320.

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Caregivers are primarily responsible for seeking care on behalf of youth, so understanding how primary language relates to caregiver–youth agreement of youth symptoms is critical to extending the reach of mental health services. In this study, 145 youth (61% female; ages 12–17 years) and their caregivers, who received behavioral health services at primary care clinics, completed measures of youth symptoms in their primary language. We hypothesized primary language concordant caregiver–youth dyads would show higher agreement when reporting on youth symptoms than language discordant dyads, and youth and their caregivers would show higher agreement when reporting on behavioral (e.g., doing drugs, getting into arguments) rather than on internal (e.g., worrying, feeling worthless) symptoms. Overall, agreement in language concordant dyads ranged from r = 0.551 to 0.615, while in discordant dyads agreement ranged from r = 0.279 to 0.441. Consistent with our hypothesis, language concordant dyads demonstrated significantly greater agreement than discordant dyads for most of the analyses. Contrary to our hypothesis, agreement was similar for internalizing and externalizing symptom clusters. Results suggest primary language differences between youth and caregivers are associated with lower agreement about youth problems; youth generally report higher symptom frequency than their caregivers.

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Chandran, Avinash, Aliza K. Nedimyer, Zachary Y. Kerr, Cathleen O'Neal, James Mensch, and Susan W. Yeargin. "Concussion Knowledge, Attitudes, and Self-Reporting Intentions in Youth Athletes." Journal of Athletic Training 55, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 1027–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-232-19.

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Context Although it has been suggested that developmental and sociological factors play a role in concussion reporting, the empirical evidence related to this is limited. Objective To examine the influences of sex, school level, school location, concussion-reporting history, and socioeconomic status on concussion-related knowledge, attitudes, and reporting intentions among middle school and high school athletes. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Master students and High School athletes attending pre-participation examinations (PPEs) were asked to complete paper-based surveys. Patients or Other Participants Overall, 541 athletes representing 18 sports returned fully completed surveys. Main Outcome Measure(s) Outcomes were concussion-related knowledge, perceived seriousness, positive feelings about reporting, and self-reporting intentions. We examined group differences in these outcomes across levels of the explanatory variables of sex, school level (middle school versus high school), school location (urban versus rural), concussion self-reporting history (yes or no), and socioeconomic status (free or reduced-price lunch versus no free or reduced-price lunch) using Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Then we used multivariable ordinal logistic regression models to identify predictors of higher score levels for each outcome. Odds ratio (OR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) excluding 1.00 were deemed significant. Results Odds of higher levels of knowledge were higher in urban versus rural school student-athletes (ORAdjusted = 1.81; 95% CI = 1.03, 3.17), and lower in student-athletes on free or reduced-price lunch versus those not on free or reduced-price lunch (ORAdjusted = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.36, 0.77). Similarly, odds of higher levels of seriousness were lower in male versus female student-athletes (ORAdjusted = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.32, 0.72). Further, odds of higher levels of self-reporting intentions were lower among male versus female student-athletes (ORAdjusted = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.37, 0.75). Conclusions Developmental and sociological factors were differentially associated with concussion-related knowledge, attitudes, and self-reporting intentions. These results can inform medical providers, parents, and coaches with regard to context-specific clinical assessments of concussion symptoms.

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Lee, David J., Kristopher L. Arheart, Edward Trapido, Rita Soza-Vento, and Richard Rodriguez. "Accuracy of parental and youth reporting of secondhand smoke exposure: The Florida youth cohort study." Addictive Behaviors 30, no. 8 (September 2005): 1555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.02.008.

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Zimmerman, Gregory M. "The Covariates of Parent and Youth Reporting Differences on Youth Secondary Exposure to Community Violence." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 43, no. 9 (January 28, 2014): 1576–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-014-0099-6.

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Rudi, Jessie H., and Jodi Dworkin. "Parents' and Youths' Solicitation and Disclosure of Information in Today's Digital Age." Journal of Youth Development 13, no. 4 (December 14, 2018): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2018.645.

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Extensive research has identified parental monitoring to be a protective factor for youth. Parental monitoring includes parents’ solicitation of information from their child and the child’s voluntary disclosure of information. In today’s digital society, parental monitoring can occur using technology, such as text messaging, email, and social networking sites. The current study describes parents’ and youths’ communication technology use explicitly to solicit and share information with each other in a sample of 56 parent–youth dyads from the same family (youth were 13 to 25 years old). We also examined associations between in-person parental monitoring, parental monitoring using technology, parental knowledge, and youth substance use initiation. Results revealed great variability in frequency of parental monitoring using technology, with a subgroup of parents and youth reporting doing these behaviors very frequently. Parental monitoring using technology was not associated with greater parental knowledge or youth substance use initiation after controlling for youth age group (adolescent or emerging adult) and gender composition of dyads. However, in-person communication between youth and parents remained an important variable and was positively associated with parental knowledge. Youth workers could empower parents to focus on in-person communication, and not rely solely on communication using technology.

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Yu, Shuli, Rebecca Clemens, Hongmei Yang, Xiaoming Li, Bonita Stanton, Lynette Deveaux, Sonja Lunn, Lesley Cottrell, and Carole Harris. "YOUTH AND PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTAL MONITORING AND PARENT-ADOLESCENT COMMUNICATION, YOUTH DEPRESSION, AND YOUTH RISK BEHAVIORS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 34, no. 10 (January 1, 2006): 1297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.10.1297.

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Data from 752 Bahamian youth and their parents were analyzed to examine the relationship of youth depression with youth risk involvement, parental monitoring, and parent-youth communication. Depressed youth were older, more likely to engage in risk behaviors, and they perceived significantly lower levels of parental monitoring and higher levels of impaired communication than did nondepressed youth. Both depressed and nondepressed youth perceived significantly lower rates of parental monitoring and open communication and higher rates of problem communication than did their parents, but the differences in perceptions of open communication were significantly greater among depressed parent-youth dyads. Depressed youth, youth with past histories of risk behavior, youth reporting higher levels of impaired communication and lower levels of parental monitoring were more likely to anticipate future risk behavior.

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YOUNG UM, MEE, ERIC RICE, HARMONY RHOADES, HAILEY WINETROBE, and NATALIE BRACKEN. "Influence of “traveling” youth and substance use behaviors in the social networks of homeless youth." Network Science 4, no. 1 (January 25, 2016): 28–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nws.2015.32.

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AbstractTraveling homeless youth (i.e., youth who migrate from city to city, after a short period of time) exhibit elevated levels of risky substance use behaviors compared to non-traveling youth. Using sociometric data, we examined the characteristics of homeless youth who are connected to at least one traveler and how at least one connection to travelers was associated with substance use of travelers and non-travelers. Data were collected from 386 homeless youth at two drop-in centers in Los Angeles, CA. Results indicated that, comparing to what would be expected by chance, youth who reported at least one connection to travelers were more likely to use substances, more travelers reported at least one tie to another traveler, and more substance-using travelers reported at least one tie to other substance-using travelers. Multivariate analyses revealed that binge drinking and marijuana use were associated with homeless youth reporting connections to at least one substance-using traveler. Injection drug use was associated with reporting at least one connection to an injection drug user, regardless of traveler status, once we controlled for demographic characteristics and traveler status. We suggest the need for substance-using traveler-specific services using brief one-on-one interventions to prevent further engagement in risky substance use.

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Poteat, V. Paul, Jerel P. Calzo, Hirokazu Yoshikawa, Sarah B. Rosenbach, Christopher J. Ceccolini, and Robert A. Marx. "Extracurricular Settings as a Space to Address Sociopolitical Crises: The Case of Discussing Immigration in Gender-Sexuality Alliances Following the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election." American Educational Research Journal 56, no. 6 (April 2, 2019): 2262–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0002831219839033.

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School-based extracurricular settings could promote dialogue on sociopolitical crises. We considered immigration discussions within gender-sexuality alliances (GSAs), which address multiple systems of oppression. Among 361 youth and 58 advisors in 38 GSAs (19 in 2016–2017/Year 1; 19 in 2017–2018/Year 2), youth in Year 1 reported increased discussions from baseline throughout the remaining school year; differences were nonsignificant in Year 2. In both years, youth reporting greater self-efficacy to promote social justice, and GSAs with advisors reporting greater self-efficacy to address culture, race, and immigration discussed immigration more over the year (adjusting for baseline). In interviews, 38 youth described circumstances promoting or inhibiting discussions: demographic representation, open climates, critical reflection, fear or consequences of misspeaking, discomfort, agenda restrictions, and advisor roles.

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Brusalis, Christopher M., Nikita Lakomkin, Joash R. Suryavanshi, Aristides I. Cruz, Daniel W. Green, Kristofer J. Jones, and Peter D. Fabricant. "Clinical Outcome Reporting in Youth ACL Literature Is Widely Variable." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 5, no. 8 (August 2017): 232596711772443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117724431.

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Frey, Laura M., Jennifer Middleton, Maurice N. Gattis, and Anthony Fulginiti. "Suicidal Ideation and Behavior Among Youth Victims of Sex Trafficking in Kentuckiana." Crisis 40, no. 4 (July 2019): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000557.

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Abstract. Background: Youth experiencing homelessness are at risk for sex trafficking and mental health concerns. Aims: More information is needed to elucidate the prevalence and characteristics of suicidal ideation and behavior among youth experiencing sex trafficking. Method: The present study examined suicidal ideation and behavior in a convenience sample of 128 youths experiencing homelessness aged 12–25 years in metropolitan Louisville, Kentucky, and southern Indiana. Participants were asked seven questions regarding suicidal ideation and attempts as part of an enhanced version of the 60-item Youth Experiences Survey (YES). Results: Approximately 53% of the sample reported experiencing suicidal ideation at some point in their lifetime and the odds of a youth experiencing homelessness who had experienced sex trafficking reporting suicidal ideation was 3.87 times higher than the odds of a youth experiencing homelessness who had not experienced sex trafficking. Additionally, of those who reported experiencing suicidal ideation, the majority (84.4%) reported they had attempted suicide in their lifetime. Limitations: This study relied on a convenience sample of youth receiving services in the Kentuckiana region and brief, self-report measures yielding categorical data. Conclusion: Programs servicing youth experiencing homelessness should require additional training and resources regarding the identification, screening, and assessment of youth who are at risk of or who have experienced sex trafficking in order to more quickly connect youth with much-needed, trauma-informed services.

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Spink, Kevin S., Karen Chad, Nazeem Muhajarine, Louise Humbert, Patrick Odnokon, Catherine Gryba, and Kristal Anderson. "Intrapersonal Correlates of Sufficiently Active Youth and Adolescents." Pediatric Exercise Science 17, no. 2 (May 2005): 124–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.17.2.124.

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This study examined the relationship between intrapersonal correlates and being sufficiently active for health benefits in youth and adolescents (12-17 years of age). Participants completed questionnaires that assessed physical activity in the form of energy expenditure and intrapersonal correlates. Being in the sufficiently active group (> 8 kcal per day per kg of body weight) was associated with engaging in a greater array of physical activities, reporting greater levels of health, reporting a better home life, and spending less time in sedentary activities. The results provided preliminary evidence that selected intrapersonal correlates were associated with youth and adolescents who were sufficiently active to attain health benefits.

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Brown, James R., Matthew C. Aalsma, and Mary A. Ott. "The Experiences of Parents Who Report Youth Bullying Victimization to School Officials." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 28, no. 3 (August 27, 2012): 494–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260512455513.

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Current research offers a limited understanding of parental experiences when reporting bullying to school officials. This research examines the experiences of middle-school parents as they took steps to protect their bullied youth. The qualitative tradition of interpretive phenomenology was used to provide in-depth analysis of the phenomena. A criterion-based, purposeful sample of 11 parents was interviewed face-to-face with subsequent phone call follow-ups. Interviews were taped, transcribed, and coded. MAX qda software was used for data coding. In analyzing the interviews, paradigm cases, themes, and patterns were identified. Three parent stages were found: discovering, reporting, and living with the aftermath. In the discovery stage, parents reported using advice-giving in hopes of protecting their youth. As parents noticed negative psychosocial symptoms in their youth escalate, they shifted their focus to reporting the bullying to school officials. All but one parent experienced ongoing resistance from school officials in fully engaging the bullying problem. In the aftermath, 10 of the 11 parents were left with two choices: remove their youth from the school or let the victimization continue. One paradigm case illustrates how a school official met parental expectations of protection. This study highlights a parental sense of ambiguity of school officials’ roles and procedures related to school reporting and intervention. The results of this study have implications in the development and use of school-wide bullying protocols and parental advocacy.

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Rathus, Taylor L., and Ryan J. Watson. "The Family Environment and Its Relation to Health and Well-Being Among Sexual and Gender Minority Youth." Annals of LGBTQ Public and Population Health 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 220–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/lgbtq-2020-0040.

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We examined youth-reported family environments using multiple indicators (parent education, participants' first language spoken, and parent immigration status) to consider the family environment and its links to youth health and well-being. To do so, we utilized cluster analysis methodology to identify potential groupings of family environments among a national sample of 14,578 sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth from the LGBTQ National Teen Survey, collected in 2017. Three distinct clusters of SGM youth emerged, labeled “College-educated, U.S.-born parents,” “High school-educated, U.S.-born parents,” and “College-educated, immigrant parents.” “A series of one-way between-subjects ANCOVAs revealed each cluster significantly differed from each other on health and family outcomes, indicating that parent immigration status, parent education, and youth first spoken language are uniquely and collectively imperative for SGM youths' health and well-being.” Of note, despite reporting parents with the highest level of post-high school education, SGM youth in the “College-educated, immigrant parents” cluster reported the lowest levels of parental acceptance and the lowest levels of outness in comparison to the youth in the other two clusters. In light of these results, we review the importance of the need for more nuanced ways of defining the family context among vulnerable youth—in particular for SGM youth. Given that much of the research to date defines the family environment by single indicators (e.g., parent education), we review the importance of broadening our conceptualization and measurement of the “family environment.”

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Vossoughi, Nadia, Yo Jackson, Stephanie Gusler, and Katie Stone. "Mental Health Outcomes for Youth Living in Refugee Camps: A Review." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 19, no. 5 (October 11, 2016): 528–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838016673602.

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Currently, there are approximately 10.8 million child refugees worldwide. Youth living in refugee camps face a wide range of difficulties placing them at risk for trauma exposure and negative mental health outcomes. However, little is known about the mental health functioning of these youth. The present review provides a systematic review of mental health outcomes for refugee/displaced youth residing in refugee camps. Twenty studies were included in the present review. Among these studies, the prevalence of mental health disorders varied greatly with some studies reporting null effects for disorders like posttraumatic stress disorder and others reporting prevalence as high as 87%. Levels of anxiety, somatic symptoms, depression, and aggression also varied across studies. The results point to the significant need for more research on the mental health of youth residing in refugee camps. Despite the wide range of measurement approaches, the evidence points to a fairly consistent finding of a range of maladjustment problems for youth living in refugee camps. Implications for improving the methodology for investigating mental health are discussed.

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Cain, Kelli L., James F. Sallis, Terry L. Conway, Delfien Van Dyck, and Lynn Calhoon. "Using Accelerometers in Youth Physical Activity Studies: A Review of Methods." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 10, no. 3 (March 2013): 437–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.10.3.437.

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Background:In 2005, investigators convened by the National Cancer Institute recommended development of standardized protocols for accelerometer use and reporting decision rules in articles. A literature review was conducted to document accelerometer methods and decision rule reporting in youth physical activity articles from 2005−2010.Methods:Nine electronic databases identified 273 articles that measured physical activity and/or sedentary behavior using the most-used brand of accelerometer (ActiGraph). Six key methods were summarized by age group (preschool, children, and adolescents) and trends over time were examined.Results:Studies using accelerometers more than doubled from 2005−2010. Methods included 2 ActiGraph models, 6 epoch lengths, 6 nonwear definitions, 13 valid day definitions, 8 minimum wearing day thresholds, 12 moderate-intensity physical activity cut points, and 11 sedentary cut points. Child studies showed the most variation in methods and a trend toward more variability in cut points over time. Decision rule reporting improved, but only 54% of papers reported on all methods.Conclusion:The increasing diversity of methods used to process and score accelerometer data for youth precludes comparison of results across studies. Decision rule reporting is inconsistent, and trends indicate declining standardization of methods. A methodological research agenda and consensus process are proposed.

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Długosz, Anna, and Lidia Wądołowska. "Comparison of Socioeconomic Status and Body Composition of Dietary Energy Under-Reporting and Non-Under-Reporting Youth." Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences 61, no. 4 (December 31, 2011): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10222-011-0032-6.

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Shrier, Ian, Debbie Feldman, Huguette Akakpo, Barbara Mazer, Claude Goulet, Imen Khelia, Willem Meeuwisse, and Bonnie Swaine. "Discordance in injury reporting between youth-athletes, their parents and coaches." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 12, no. 6 (November 2009): 633–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2008.06.001.

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Mickler, Steve, and Alec McHoul. "Sourcing the Wave: Crime Reporting, Aboriginal Youth and the Wa Press, Feb 1991–Jan 1992." Media International Australia 86, no. 1 (February 1998): 122–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9808600112.

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This paper reports on some initial findings from the Print Media Project, an investigation based on a large database consisting of over 600 items of news reportage. In particular, it examines a supposed “crime wave” in 1991 and early 1992 and the presumed involvement in it of Aboriginal youth. While it finds some evidence for a mismatch between the news coverage of youth-crime and actual crime data, the report also argues that a complex set of relations between news sources, news participants and the press itself is responsible for this effect. It also finds equally complex issues surrounding (a) reportage on Aboriginal youth and (b) participation by Aboriginal individuals and groups in the production of news.

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Schlagbaum, Paige, Donna A. Ruch, Jaclyn L. Tissue, Arielle H. Sheftall, and Jeffrey A. Bridge. "Depressed Mood Prior to Death." Crisis 41, no. 6 (November 2020): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000660.

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Abstract. Background: Suicide is a leading cause of death among youth in the United States. Multiple factors have been shown to increase risk for suicidal behavior, including depressed mood. Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine individual characteristics and precipitating circumstances of suicide in youth decedents with and without depressed mood at the time of death. Method: Data from the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) were analyzed for 17 US states from 2003 to 2012. Participants included suicide decedents aged 10–19 years ( N = 4,053). Analyses compared youth suicide decedents with depressed mood at time of death with those without depressed mood using logistic regression. Sex-specific differences in youth with depressed mood were also explored. Results: Youth suicide decedents with depressed mood were more likely than those without depressed mood to exhibit clinical characteristics and precipitating circumstances associated with suicide. Comparison of males and females with depressed mood found unique sex-specific differences. Limitations: Data were limited to 17 states, analyses did not include a control group, and data were collected through postmortem reporting. Conclusion: Findings support a significant association between depressed mood and factors associated with suicidal behavior in youth and offer potential areas to focus prevention strategies.

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Rosenberg, Leon A., Janice Brown, and Harvey S. Singer. "Self-Reporting of Behavior Problems in Patients with TIC Disorders." Psychological Reports 74, no. 2 (April 1994): 653–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.74.2.653.

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Self-awareness of behavioral or emotional problems was examined in 25 children and adolescents with tic disorders by comparing the Youth, Parent, and Teacher forms of the Child Behavior Checklist. In general, their parents reported a significant number of deviant behaviors which were denied by the patients.

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Robbins, Rebecca, Ralph J. DiClimente, Matthew Weaver, Catherine Di Gangi, Isabel Chalem, Stuart Quan, and Elizabeth Klerman. "772 Examining sleep difficulties and suicide ideation among those reporting abuse and dependence on illicit drugs and alcohol." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A300—A301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.769.

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Abstract Introduction Sleep disturbance is associated with poor mental health and may contribute to initiating or continuing use/abuse of alcohol and drugs. Using data from a nationwide survey, we examined the relationship between sleep disturbance and suicide behaviors among youth and adults, including those who report drug/alcohol use and abuse. Methods We analyzed data from the 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), an annual survey collecting information about the use of illicit drugs and alcohol among non-institutionalized U.S. youth (age 12–17) and adults (age>17). The 2018 survey included 9,398 youth and 43,026 adult respondents. Depression was assessed in adults with the Kessler-6 and in youth with several questions assessing psychological distress. Those who scored at risk for psychological distress were also asked about sleep disturbance and suicidal behaviors (i.e., ideation, planning, attempt). All were asked to report their drug/alcohol use and/or abuse. Our study population included those who reported psychological distress. We conducted binary logistic regression to examine the relationship between suicidal behavior and sleep disturbance in this population. We also conducted sub-analyses to explore the relationship between suicidal behavior and sleep disturbance among those reporting drug/alcohol use and abuse. Results Youth were 29% male and 71% female, adults were 36% male and 64% female. Adult participants, 39% were 18 to 25, 22% were 26 to 34, and 39% were age 35 and older. Among those with psychological distress, suicidal behavior was more likely among those who reported sleep disturbance (youth: OR=2.7, 95%CI:1.8–4.0; adults: OR=1.3, 95%CI:1.2–1.5). Also, among those with psychological distress, suicidal behavior was more likely among those who reported concomitant sleep disturbance and either alcohol abuse/alcoholism (youth: OR:3.3, 95%CI:1.6–7.0; adults: OR=1.4, 95%CI:1.1–1.7); illicit drug abuse (youth: OR=3.5, 95%CI:1.6–7.4; adults: OR=1.3, 95%CI:1.0–1.6); or alcohol and illicit drug abuse (youth: OR=3.2, 95%CI:1.5–6.9; adults: OR=1.4, 95%CI:1.1–1.7). Conclusion Youth and adults with psychological distress and sleep disturbance are more likely to also report suicidal behaviors. Alcohol and drug use or abuse increase their risk for suicidal behavior compared to those who do not report sleep disturbance. Future work should include examination of causality and of interventions. Support (if any) NIH K24-HL105664, P01-AG009975, T32-HL007901, K01HL150339, 1R56HL151637

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Martel, Rhiannon, Ruth Crawford, and Helen Riden. "‘By the way….how’s your sex life?’ – A descriptive study reporting primary health care registered nurses engagement with youth about sexual health." Journal of Primary Health Care 9, no. 1 (2017): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc17013.

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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Youth rates of sexually transmitted infections in New Zealand are among the highest in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. Registered nurses employed in primary healthcare settings (PHC RNs) may lack confidence engaging with youth about their sexual health. AIM To identify what facilitates PHC RNs to discuss sexual health with youth. METHODS This descriptive study was undertaken in two phases. In phase one, 23 PHC RNs completed an online survey. Phase two followed up the survey with semi-structured interviews with seven PHC RNs. RESULTS Most PHC RNs are female, aged between 40 and 60 years old and identify with New Zealand or other European ethnicity. Participants identified specific educational needs relating to youth sexual health that are not being met: legal and ethical issues (65%); cultural issues (65%); youth sexual (44%) and psychological (52%) development; and working with gay, lesbian, bisexual or transsexual youth (48%). Lack of time was cited as a barrier to engaging with youth about sexual health by 30% of the participants. Ongoing support practices such as regular debriefing, reflections of practice and case reviews with colleagues (74%); support from other sexual health providers (87%); and access to educational materials about youth sexual health aimed at health professionals (100%) were perceived to be useful to increase confidence in discussing sexual health with youth. DISCUSSION The PHC RNs lacked knowledge and confidence engaging with youth about sexual health. PHC RNs need resourcing to provide culturally safe, effective sexual health care to youth.

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Gould, Madelyn S., Jennifer Bassett Midle, Beverly Insel, and Marjorie Kleinman. "Suicide Reporting Content Analysis." Crisis 28, no. 4 (July 2007): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.28.4.165.

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Despite substantial research on media influences and the development of media guidelines on suicide reporting, research on the specifics of media stories that facilitate suicide contagion has been limited. The goal of the present study was to develop a content analytic strategy to code features in media suicide reports presumed to be influential in suicide contagion and determine the interrater reliability of the qualitative characteristics abstracted from newspaper stories. A random subset of 151 articles from a database of 1,851 newspaper suicide stories published during 1988 through 1996, which were collected as part of a national study in the United States to identify factors associated with the initiation of youth suicide clusters, were evaluated. Using a well-defined content-analysis procedure, the agreement between raters in scoring key concepts of suicide reports from the headline, the pictorial presentation, and the text were evaluated. The results show that while the majority of variables in the content analysis were very reliable, assessed using the κ statistic, and obtained excellent percentages of agreement, the reliability of complicated constructs, such as sensationalizing, glorifying, or romanticizing the suicide, was comparatively low. The data emphasize that before effective guidelines and responsible suicide reporting can ensue, further explication of suicide story constructs is necessary to ensure the implementation and compliance of responsible reporting on behalf of the media.

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de Kock, Jos, Ronelle Sonnenberg, and Erik Renkema. "Normativity in Empirical Youth Ministry Research." Journal of Youth and Theology 17, no. 2 (December 12, 2018): 81–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24055093-17021047.

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Normative considerations are an important part of empirical research on the youth ministry. In the presentation of results in many practical theological studies on the youth ministry, however, rarely a sufficient reflection is provided on the kind of normativity that plays a role in the way practices are investigated or on how normativity is present in the practices that have been studied. Partly based on the case studies of three PhD studies on the youth ministry from the Dutch Research Centre for Youth, Church and Culture, this article aims (a) to give an overview of the layers of normativity that can be distinguished in current practical theological youth ministry research and (b) to give directions for the design, execution, and reporting of practical theological youth ministry research in terms of a sufficient reflection on normativity.

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Georgiades, Katholiki, Khrista Boylan, Laura Duncan, Li Wang, Ian Colman, Anne E. Rhodes, Kathryn Bennett, Jinette Comeau, Ian Manion, and Michael H. Boyle. "Prevalence and Correlates of Youth Suicidal Ideation and Attempts: Evidence from the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 64, no. 4 (April 2019): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743719830031.

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Objectives: To present the 12-month prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation and attempts in a sample of youth in Ontario. Methods: Data come from the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study, a provincially representative survey of families with children in Ontario. Youth aged 14 to 17 y ( n = 2,396) completed a computer-assisted, self-administered questionnaire in their home to assess the occurrence of suicidal ideation, suicidal attempts, and associated correlates, including non-suicidal self-injury, mental disorders, substance use, peer victimization and exposure to child maltreatment. Socio-demographic information was collected from the parent. Logistic regression models were used to identify correlates that distinguished between youth reporting: 1) no suicidal ideation or attempts, 2) suicidal ideation but no attempts, and 3) suicidal ideation and attempts. Results: The 12-month prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts was 8.1% and 4.3%, respectively. All clinical and behavioural correlates were significantly higher among youth reporting suicidal ideation or attempts, as compared with non-suicidal youth. In adjusted models, depression and non-suicidal self-injury were each independently associated with elevated odds of suicidal ideation (OR = 4.84 and 4.19, respectively) and suicidal attempt (OR = 7.84 and 22.72, respectively). Among youth who reported suicidal ideation, the only variable that differentiated youth who attempted suicide v. those who did not, in adjusted models, was non-suicidal self-injury (OR = 3.89). Conclusions: Suicidal ideation and attempts are common among youth in Ontario, often co-occurring with mental disorders and high-risk behaviours. These findings underscore the need for effective prevention and intervention strategies, particularly for youth depression and non-suicidal self-injury.

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Silliman, Ben, and Autumn Guin. "Tracking Evaluation Capacity with Youth Professionals." Journal of Youth Development 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2012.150.

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A pilot program mentoring youth professionals through “learning-by-doing” projects yielded consistent increases in evaluation knowledge and skills over three years. Self-assessed skill improvements were greatest for preparatory processes (planning, focusing, design, selecting methods) and reporting competencies that are more often emphasized in organizational evaluation requirements. Smaller increases in data collection and analysis skills were also perceived by participating youth professionals. Focus groups with each of six evaluation “learning circle” groups revealed benefits of participation in the evaluation “learning circle,” as well as needs for evaluation training and tools, and challenges faced within the organizational culture.

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Slayter, Elspeth, and Cheryl Springer. "Child Welfare-Involved Youth With Intellectual Disabilities: Pathways Into and Placements in Foster Care." Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 49, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-49.1.1.

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Abstract Existing literature suggests that youth with intellectual disabilities are at increased risk for child maltreatment. Little is known about youth with intellectual disabilities who are supervised by child welfare authorities or living in foster care. Reasons for child welfare system involvement and placement types are explored. In this cross-sectional exploratory study, we drew on data from the Adoption and Foster Care Reporting System (AFCARS) for youth in 46 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. A sample of 17,714 youth with intellectual disabilities and a comparison group (n = 655,536) were identified for 1999. Findings have implications for preventing the removal of youth from caregivers and the promotion of community inclusion of foster youth while in foster care.

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Mailer, Brandy J., Tamara C. Valovich McLeod, and R. Curtis Bay. "Healthy Youth Are Reliable in Reporting Symptoms on a Graded Symptom Scale." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 17, no. 1 (February 2008): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.17.1.11.

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Context:Clinicians often rely on the self-report symptoms of patients in making clinical decisions; hence it is important that these scales be reliable.Objective:To determine the test-retest reliability of healthy youth in completing a graded symptom scale (GSS), modified from the Head Injury Scale Self-Report Concussion Symptoms Scale (HIS).Design:Repeated-measures.Setting:Middle school classroom.Patients or Other Participants:126 middle school students.Intervention:A survey consisting of a demographic and life events questionnaire and a GSS asking about symptom severity and duration.Main Outcomes Measures:Score for each symptom on the severity and duration scale and a total symptom score (TSS) and the total number of symptoms endorsed (TSE) from the severity scale. Responses on a life events questionnaire were also recorded.Results:We found excellent reliability for TSS (ICC = .93) and TSE (ICC = .88) for the severity scale. We found moderate to excellent reliability on the individual symptoms of both the severity (ICC = .65-.89) and duration (ICC =.56-.96) scales.Conclusions:Healthy youth can reliably self-report symptoms using a GSS. This patient-oriented outcome measure should be incorporated into more investigations in this age group.

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Holligan, Simone D., Wei Qian, Margaret de Groh, Ying Jiang, and Scott T. Leatherdale. "Micro-level factors associated with alcohol use and binge drinking among youth in the COMPASS study (2012/13 to 2017/18)." Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada 40, no. 3 (March 2020): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.40.3.01.

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Introduction This study examined the associations of micro-level factors with current alcohol use and binge drinking among a large sample of Canadian youth. Methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted among high school students enrolled in the COMPASS study between 2012/13 and 2017/18. We used generalized estimating equations modelling to determine associations between micro-level factors and likelihood of current versus non-current alcohol use and binge drinking among respondents. Results Students reporting current cannabis use were more likely to report current alcohol use over never use (odds ratio [OR] = 4.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.33–4.60) compared to students reporting non-current cannabis use. Students reporting current smoking of tobacco products were more likely to report current binge drinking over never binge drinking (OR = 2.52, 95% CI: 2.45–2.58), compared to non-smoking students. Students reporting weekly disposable incomes of more than $100 were more likely to report current over never binge drinking (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 2.09–2.19), compared to students reporting no weekly disposable income. Conclusion Higher disposable incomes, smoking of tobacco products and use of cannabis were associated with current alcohol use and binge drinking among youth. Findings may inform design of polysubstance use prevention efforts in high schools.

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Sandercock, Gavin R. H., Ayodele Ogunleye, and Christine Voss. "Screen Time and Physical Activity in Youth: Thief of Time or Lifestyle Choice?" Journal of Physical Activity and Health 9, no. 7 (September 2012): 977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.9.7.977.

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Background:This study aimed to examine the relationship between screen time and physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents but also to determine specific elements of PA that were most closely associated with screen time.Methods:We studied a cross-sectional sample of 6176 10.0–15.9 year olds (53% boys, 12.9 ± 1.5 years) who completed the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children/Adolescents and reported daily screen time. Differences in total PA and specific elements of PA were examined between groups reporting: < 2 h, 2–4 h, and > 4 h daily screen time.Results:There were significant differences between screen time groups in: total PA, number of bouts of PA reported, after school PA, evening PA and weekend PA (P < .0001). There was a graded, negative association between higher screen time and lower free-time PA. Participants reporting < 2 h screen time were also significantly more active during school lunch breaks than those reporting > 2 h. Boys reporting > 4 h screen time were less active during physical education lessons.Conclusions:Screen time is significantly and negatively associated with PA in British youth. Screen time may displace active pursuits out of school but is also associated with lower PA during school. Daily screen time should be limited to < 2 h in line with current recommendations.

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Ryan, Leticia Manning, Barry S. Solomon, Susan Ziegfeld, Andrea Gielen, Lauren Malloy, Daniel Foster, and Eileen McDonald. "Evaluation of a Culturally Tailored Educational Video Intervention to Promote Bike Helmet Safety for Urban Children: A Pilot Study." Health Promotion Practice 21, no. 6 (May 17, 2020): 872–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839920920304.

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Bicycle-related falls are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. Use of bicycle helmets substantially reduces risk of severe traumatic brain injury but compliance with this safety practice is particularly low in urban children. Given the lack of educational interventions for urban youth, our research team created a youth-informed, culturally relevant educational video on bike helmet safety, which was informed by focus groups with Baltimore City youth. This video, You Make the Call, linked the concept of use of cases to protect phones to use of helmets to protect heads and can be viewed at http://bit.ly/2Kr7UCN . The impact of the video as part of an intervention (coupled with a free helmet, fit instructions, and a parent guidance document) was tested with 20 parent–child dyads. The majority (80%) of youth (mean age 9.9 ± 1.8 years) reported not owning or wearing a helmet. At 1-month follow-up (n = 12, 60% response rate), helmet use was higher in the five youth reporting bike-riding after the intervention; 100% “always” used helmets compared to 0% preintervention. There were increases in youth reporting that parents required helmet use (35% pre vs. 67% post) and that is was possible to fall when bike-riding (60% pre vs. 92% post). These pilot results support the use of this video and educational intervention along with further evaluation in a larger sample size. This youth-informed and culturally tailored approach could be explored as a strategy to address other pediatric injury topics.

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Lucassen, Mathijs FG, Karolina Stasiak, Rajvinder Samra, Christopher MA Frampton, and Sally N. Merry. "Sexual minority youth and depressive symptoms or depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 51, no. 8 (June 1, 2017): 774–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867417713664.

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Objective: Research has suggested that sexual minority young people are more likely to have depressive symptoms or depressive disorder, but to date most studies in the field have relied on convenience-based samples. This study overcomes this limitation by systematically reviewing the literature from population-based studies and conducting a meta-analysis to identify whether depressive disorder and depressive symptoms are elevated in sexual minority youth. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted and informed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement to determine if rates of depressive symptoms or depressive disorder differ for sexual minority youth, relative to heterosexual adolescents. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE and ERIC databases were searched. Studies reporting depressive symptom data or the prevalence of depressive disorder in population-based samples of adolescents, which included sexual minority youth and heterosexual young people, were included in the review. A meta-analysis was conducted to examine differences between groups. Results: Twenty-three articles met the inclusion criteria. The proportion of sexual minority youth in the studies ranged from 2.3% to 12%. Sexual minority youth reported higher rates of depressive symptoms and depressive disorder (odds ratio = 2.94, p < 0.001 and standardized mean difference, d = 0.39, p < 0.001) in comparison to heterosexual young people. Female sexual minority youth were more likely to report depressive symptoms when compared to male sexual minority youth (standardized mean difference, d = 0.34, p < 0.001). Limitations included variations in how sexuality was operationalized and how depressive symptoms or depressive disorder was measured. Conclusions: There is robust evidence that rates of depressive disorder and depressive symptoms are elevated in sexual minority youth in comparison to heterosexual young people. Despite the elevated risk of depressive symptoms or depressive disorder for sexual minority youth, the treatment for this group of young people has received little attention.

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Terry, Sarah, Samantha Davis, Megan Collins, Laura Sarrett, Molly Cox, Erin Swanson-Kimani, Sara Gould, Heath Hale, Drew Ferguson, and Laura Dreer. "Examination of Youth Concussion Symptom and Severity Reporting and Premorbid Psychological History." Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 98, no. 12 (December 2017): e158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2017.09.029.

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Kroshus, Emily, Megan Babkes Stellino, Sara P. D. Chrisman, and Frederick P. Rivara. "Threat, Pressure, and Communication About Concussion Safety: Implications for Parent Concussion Education." Health Education & Behavior 45, no. 2 (August 8, 2017): 254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198117715669.

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Background. Parental communication about the importance of reporting concussion symptoms can influence a child’s attitudes about such reporting, and is likely related to perceived threat of concussion. However, parental investment in child sport achievement might impede this communication. Purpose. To examine the relationship between perceived threat of concussion and parent–child communication regarding concussion symptom reporting, and the potential interaction with parental pressure regarding child sport achievement. Method. A total of 236 parents of youth soccer players completed an anonymous online survey. Results. There were greater odds of encouraging concussion reporting among parents who perceived that their child had a greater likelihood of sustaining a concussion ( OR = 1.03, 95% CI [1.01, 1.04]) and lower odds among parents who exhibited greater parental sport pressure ( OR = 0.88, 95% CI [0.78, 0.99]). Parents whose child had a prior concussion were much more likely to communicate with their child about concussion reporting ( OR = 7.86, 95% CI [3.00, 20.55]). Conclusion. Initiatives are needed to support healthy sport parenting, particularly focusing on parental encouragement of concussion reporting. Possible directions for concussion education for parents based on the results of this study include providing parents with concrete guidance about the important role they can play in encouraging their child to report symptoms of a concussion, communicating the athletic consequences of continued sport involvement while experiencing symptoms of a concussion, and using narrative messaging with exemplars to personalize the information for parents of youth who have not previously sustained a concussion.

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Myles, Ranell L., Janae Best, Greg Bautista, Eric R. Wright, Ana LaBoy, Zewditu Demissie, and Hazel D. Dean. "Factors Associated With HIV Testing Among Atlanta's Homeless Youth." AIDS Education and Prevention 32, no. 4 (August 2020): 325–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/aeap.2020.32.4.325.

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Homeless youth experience increased risk of contracting HIV, making HIV testing imperative in this population. We analyzed factors associated with HIV testing among homeless youth in Atlanta, Georgia using data from the 2015 Atlanta Youth Count and Needs Assessment. The analysis included 693 homeless youth aged 14–25 years, of whom 88.4% reported ever being tested for HIV, and 74.6% reported being tested within the previous year. Prevalence of ever testing for HIV was significantly higher among youth who reported risk factors for HIV (sexually active, transactional sex, or ever having an STI). Higher prevalence of testing within the last year was significantly associated with experiencing physical abuse or transactional sex. However, reporting ≥ 4 sexual partners or not using condoms were not associated with higher testing. Although testing prevalence among homeless youth was high, homeless youth engaging in certain high risk behaviors could benefit from further promotion of HIV testing.

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Danner, Christine, Katie Freeman, Samantha Friedrichsen, and Dana Brandenburg. "Health behaviors and goal setting among Karen youth." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 15, no. 4 (November 28, 2019): 320–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-08-2018-0050.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe and compare the health behaviors of Karen youth with that of the other subpopulation seen at a Minnesota clinic. Design/methodology/approach Demographic information and data on health status, recommended health behaviors and goal-setting patterns were collected via a review of the medical records of patients seen at a family medicine residency clinic in St Paul, Minnesota during a one-year period (July 2015–June 2016). Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Data on Karen patients were compared with data on other populations. Findings The study included 765 youths aged 3–17 years. The Karen youth in the study engaged in recommended health behaviors more frequently than their peers on almost every measure. There were statistically significant differences in the amount of sleep, intake of fruits and vegetables, screen time, number of active days per week and consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks between the Karen and their peers overall. Karen youth also reported consuming fewer sweets and fried or processed food than their peers, and they had lower BMI percentiles than other youth. Research limitations/implications The study relied on participant self-report, which is subject to potential inaccuracies in recall and reporting. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study detailing health behaviors of Karen youth in the USA. The findings suggest a window of opportunity to support and empower Karen families to maintain healthy habits in order to prevent the development of chronic disease in this community.

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Rostron, Brian L., Yu-Ching Cheng, Lisa D. Gardner, and Bridget K. Ambrose. "Prevalence and Reasons for Use of Flavored Cigars and ENDS among US Youth and Adults: Estimates from Wave 4 of the PATH Study, 2016-2017." American Journal of Health Behavior 44, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.44.1.8.

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Objectives: In this study, we present updated estimates of use prevalence, flavor use, and flavors as a reason for use among US cigar and electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) users. Methods: Data come from Wave 4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study and were collected between December 2016 and early January 2018. Results are presented for youth (12-17 years), young adults (18-24 years), and adults (25+ years). Results: Approximately half (50.7%) of young adults reported having ever used an ENDS product with 83.7% reporting that their first ENDS product was flavored. Flavor use was particularly high among current (past 30-day) ENDS users at 97.0% among youth, 96.8% among young adults, and 81.2% among adults. For cigars, cigarillos were the most commonly used type among youth and young adults. Flavor use was highest among current cigarillo and filtered cigar users, with close to half of current users reporting flavor use across age groups. Conclusions: Flavored product use is common among ENDS and cigar users.

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Maslow, Gary, Sherika Hill, Amanda Rozycki, Rebecca Sadun, Mya Sendowski, and Jodie Neukirch. "Character Development Pilot Evaluation of Two Programs for Youth with Chronic Illness." Journal of Youth Development 10, no. 3 (May 17, 2016): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2015.12.

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This article describes the pilot evaluation of two Positive Youth Development (PYD) programs for youth with child onset chronic illness (COCI), reporting how the programs influenced participants’ character development. College students with COCI led high school students with COCI through activities pertaining to different aspects of growing up with a chronic illness. Participants completed the Positive Youth Development Inventory-Short Form (PYDI-S), which measures seven domains of youth perceptions of the contribution to their development from the program. Participants reported that both programs helped them the most with personal standards, which corresponds well to character development on the full version of the Positive Youth Development Inventory (PYDI). They also had high scores on prosocial behavior and future orientation, both important domains for character development. We discuss the idea that interventions promoting character development for youth with COCI are critical for promoting a positive narrative for chronically-ill youth, their parents, and society.

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Lerman, Paul. "Counting Youth in Trouble in Institutions: Bringing the United States Up to Date." Crime & Delinquency 37, no. 4 (October 1991): 465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128791037004004.

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Youth who violate local and state laws are dealt with in institutions associated with mental health, child welfare, and alcohol and drug abuse systems, as well as the juvenile correctional system. Understanding trends in the use of institutions requires information from four control/treatment systems that have developed unique strategies for counting youth. America's systems for counting youth are 3 to 5 years behind current usage and yield deficient resident and admissions data. A modest investment of political leadership and fiscal resources could yield more timely reporting, fuller coverage of facilities, improved demographic enumerations, and could provide unduplicated counts of intersystem trends.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Youth reporting'

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