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Journal articles on the topic 'Youth mental illness'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 May 2024

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1

Iwundu, Chisom N., Tzu-An Chen, Kirsteen Edereka-Great, Michael S. Businelle, Darla E. Kendzor, and Lorraine R. Reitzel. "Mental Illness and Youth-Onset Homelessness: A Retrospective Study among Adults Experiencing Homelessness." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22 (November 10, 2020): 8295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228295.

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Financial challenges, social and material instability, familial problems, living conditions, structural issues, and mental health problems have been shown to contribute to youth homelessness. Based on the paucity of literature on mental illness as a reason for youth homelessness, the current study retrospectively evaluated the association between the timing of homelessness onset (youth versus adult) and mental illness as a reason for homelessness among homeless adults living in homeless shelters and/or receiving services from homeless-serving agencies. Homeless participants (N = 919; 67.3% men) were recruited within two independent studies from Dallas and Oklahoma. Covariate-adjusted logistic regressions were used to measure associations between homelessness onset and mental illness as a reason for current homelessness, history of specific mental illnesses, the historical presence of severe mental illness, and severe mental illness comorbidity. Overall, 29.5% of the sample reported youth-onset homelessness and 24.4% reported mental illness as the reason for current homelessness. Results indicated that mental illness as a reason for current homelessness (AOR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.12–2.34), history of specific mental illnesses (Bipolar disorder–AOR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.24–2.45, and Schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder–AOR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.22–2.74), history of severe mental illness (AOR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.04–2.10), and severe mental illness comorbidities (AOR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.11–1.52) were each associated with increased odds of youth-onset homelessness. A better understanding of these relationships could inform needs for early interventions and/or better prepare agencies that serve at-risk youth to address precursors to youth homelessness.

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2

Nazrul Azizi, Mohd, Nurashikin Binti Ibrahim, and Firdaus Hilmi. "Factors Affecting Mental Health among Youth Post COVID-19." Journal of Mental Health Issues and Behavior, no. 23 (May 16, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jmhib23.1.6.

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On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID- 19 outbreak to be a pandemic, prompting considerable concern around the world. The pandemic has had a devastating impact on the post-pandemic world, affecting every aspect of the system, including the financial and labour markets. The post-pandemic COVID-19 has had an impact on many spheres of social and economic life. In fact, it has been highlighted as a source of mental health illnesses among youth. The purpose of this study is to determine what causes mental illness in youth post-COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 300 youths participated in this study. As a research tool, questionnaires were distributed to ascertain how young people perceive the factors that can lead to mental illness. Questions for the survey were taken from the YoungMinds Malaysia initiative. Job and financial concerns are also discussed in detail. Consequently, the study has been able to determine how youth's mental health perceptions may differ from those of other age groups.

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Manion, Ian G., Simon Davidson, Christina Norris, and Sarah Brandon. "Innovations in mental health promotion: Youth Net/Réseau Ado." Paediatrics & Child Health 2, no. 6 (November 1, 1997): 398–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/2.6.398.

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Abstract Today's youth are at a disturbingly high risk for mental health and illness problems and are largely dissatisfied with the existing mental health services. Youth Net/Réseau Ado (YN/RA), supported by input from mental health professionals, is a bilingual mental health promotion program that seeks out the opinions and attitudes of youth regarding mental health and illness issues, while connecting them with appropriate resources and mental health services. This paper describes the Youth Net/Réseau Ado program and provides some guidelines for the identification of mental health and illness problems, including indicators of the risk of suicide.

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4

Kuehn, Bridget M. "Mental Illness Takes Heavy Toll on Youth." JAMA 294, no. 3 (July 20, 2005): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.294.3.293.

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5

Malla, Ashok, Alyssa Frampton, and Bilal Issaoui Mansouri. "Youth Mental Health Services: Promoting Wellness or Treating Mental Illness?" Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 65, no. 8 (April 22, 2020): 531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743720920033.

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6

Rasskazova, E., A. Spivakovskaya, and A. Tkhostov. "Illness representation as a factor of quality of life in youth with mental illnesses." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.2097.

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IntroductionCognitive perspective considers beliefs as key factors of compliance and adjustment in mental disorders (Beck, 2011) that are especially important in youth. In psychosis illness, representation is related to CBT efficacy.ObjectivesWe suggest that in different mental disorders different illness-related beliefs are important for quality of life domains.AimTo reveal relationships between illness representation and quality of life in mental disorders controlling for psychopathological symptoms.MethodsOne hundred and eighteen male patients 17 – 27 years old : 33 with mood disorders, 26 with personality disorders, 27 with schizotypal disorder and 32 with schizophrenia recovering after first episode of psychosis filled Illness Perception Questionnaire, Symptom Checklist 90-R, Quality of Life and Enjoyment Questionnaire (version for mental illnesses).ResultsAfter statistical control for psychopathological symptoms, in personality disorders feeling of personal and treatment control (β = .43–.52, P < .01) as well as belief in longer (β = .42, P < .05) but not cyclic (β = –.65, P < .05) illness duration predicted satisfaction with health while belief in longer duration and less consequences correlated with better satisfaction with leisure time (β = .87, P < .01). In mood disorders, feeling of treatment control (β = .32, P < .05) and belief in shorter illness duration (β = –.37, P < .05) were related to better satisfaction in emotional sphere.ConclusionsBeliefs about illness duration, consequences and control could be important in assessment and CBT for youth with personality disorders while treatment control and illness duration are important in work with youth with mood disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Kozloff, N., C. E. Adair, L. I. Palma Lazgare, D. Poremski, A. H. Cheung, R. Sandu, and V. Stergiopoulos. ""Housing First" for Homeless Youth With Mental Illness." PEDIATRICS 138, no. 4 (September 28, 2016): e20161514-e20161514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-1514.

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8

Adams, John S., Alyna T. Chien, and Lauren E. Wisk. "Mental Illness Among Youth With Chronic Physical Conditions." Pediatrics 144, no. 1 (June 14, 2019): e20181819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-1819.

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Anoshiravani, Arash, Olga Saynina, Lisa Chamberlain, Benjamin A. Goldstein, Lynne C. Huffman, N. Ewen Wang, and Paul H. Wise. "Mental Illness Drives Hospitalizations for Detained California Youth." Journal of Adolescent Health 57, no. 5 (November 2015): 455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.05.006.

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10

Garrison, Michelle M., Laura P. Richardson, Dimitri A. Christakis, and Frederick Connell. "Mental Illness Hospitalizations of Youth in Washington State." Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 158, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.158.8.781.

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11

Elkington, Katherine S., Dusty Hackler, Tracy A. Walsh, Jessica A. Latack, Karen McKinnon, Cristiane Borges, Eric R. Wright, and Milton L. Wainberg. "Perceived Mental Illness Stigma, Intimate Relationships, and Sexual Risk Behavior in Youth With Mental Illness." Journal of Adolescent Research 28, no. 3 (December 28, 2012): 378–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743558412467686.

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12

Corrigan, Patrick, Blythe Buchholz, Patrick J. Michaels, and Sue McKenzie. "Adults’ perceptions about whether children should disclose their mental illness." Journal of Public Mental Health 15, no. 4 (December 19, 2016): 200–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmh-03-2016-0012.

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Purpose Disclosure of mental illness is a key ingredient in contact-based public stigma change strategies. Adults who disclose their personal recovery story experience greater empowerment and heightened quality of life. Qualitative research suggests youth may similarly benefit, but also have unique benefits and costs associated with disclosure. The purpose of this paper is to examine adults’ perceived costs and benefits of mental illness disclosure for middle and high school students with a new measure, the Coming Out with Mental Illness Scale for Children (COMIS-Child). Design/methodology/approach In total, 300 adult participants from Amazon’s MTurk completed the COMIS-Child, the Beliefs about Disclosure Scale (BDS), assessing perceptions about child disclosure, and the Attribution Questionnaire, assessing public stigma. Findings Principal component analyses of the COMIS-Child yielded one factor representing disclosure costs and two factors for benefits (changing pubic stigma; person-defined benefits). Internal consistencies of the COMIS-Child factors were strong. Parents with children with mental illness endorsed more costs and fewer benefits from the changing public stigma factor than other respondents. Regression analyses showed decisions about youth disclosing mental illness from the BDS were associated with perceived costs, perceived benefits as personally defined, and public stigma. Disclosure beliefs were also inversely associated with public stigma. Social implications Adults who identify more costs and fewer benefits were less likely to believe youth should disclose, favoring a more conservative approach to youth disclosure. This highlights the importance of participating in self-stigma interventions that guide an individual’s decision making about disclosure. Originality/value To the author’s knowledge, this is the first study examining adults’ perceptions of youth disclosure of mental illness.

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Holge-Hazelton, Bibi. "Images of Illness in Youth." Journal of Loss and Trauma 11, no. 5 (December 2006): 457–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15325020600671907.

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Wolock, Elizabeth R., Alexander H. Queen, Gabriela M. Rodríguez, and John R. Weisz. "Chronic Illness and Internalizing Symptomatology in a Transdiagnostic Clinical Sample of Youth." Journal of Pediatric Psychology 45, no. 6 (May 9, 2020): 633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa028.

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Abstract Objective In research with community samples, children with chronic physical illnesses have shown elevated anxiety and depressive symptoms, compared to healthy peers. Less is known about whether physical illnesses are associated with elevated internalizing symptoms even among children referred for mental health treatment—a pattern that would indicate distinctive treatment needs among physically ill children receiving mental health care. We investigated the relationship between chronic physical illness and internalizing symptomatology among children enrolling in outpatient mental health treatment. Method A total of 262 treatment-seeking children ages 7–15 and their caregivers completed a demographic questionnaire, Child Behavior Checklist, and Youth Self-Report during a pre-treatment assessment. Physical illnesses were identified through caregiver report. Results There was no overall association between the presence/absence of chronic physical illness and parent- or child-reported symptoms. However, number of chronic physical illnesses was related to parent- and child-reported affective symptoms. Children with two or more chronic physical illnesses had more severe depressive symptoms than those with fewer physical illnesses. Conclusion Having multiple chronic illnesses may elevate children’s risk of depression symptomatology, even in comparison to other children seeking mental health care. This suggests a need to identify factors that may exacerbate depression symptoms in physically ill children who are initiating therapy and to determine whether different or more intensive services may be helpful for this group. The findings suggest the potential utility of screening for depression in youth with chronic physical illnesses, as well as addressing mental and physical health concerns during treatment.

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Delamater, Alan M., Adriana Guzman, and Katherine Aparicio. "Mental health issues in children and adolescents with chronic illness." International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 10, no. 3 (July 10, 2017): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhrh-05-2017-0020.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider mental health issues in children and adolescents with chronic illness or health conditions, including their treatment, and issues related to delivery of services. Design/methodology/approach A selective review of the literature was conducted to highlight significant mental health issues and their treatment in youth with various types of chronic illness. Findings A significant portion of youth experience mental health problems related to their chronic health conditions. While evidence-based treatments are available to address these problems, significant barriers exist that impede the delivery of psychological and behavioral interventions for many youth. Research limitations/implications More controlled studies are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness and cost offset of delivering psychological and behavioral interventions for the population of youth with various types of chronic health conditions, particularly in clinical and community settings. Social implications Policy reform can ensure that mental health issues are effectively addressed for children with chronic illness. Policy is needed that promotes integrated health care, whereby psychological and behavioral interventions are delivered in health care settings along with medical interventions to reduce barriers to care. Originality/value Significant numbers of children and adolescents have chronic health conditions and many experience mental health problems related to their conditions. While evidence-based treatments are available to address these problems, significant barriers impede the delivery of psychological and behavioral interventions for many youth. Health care policy promoting integrated health care to deliver psychological and behavioral interventions in health care settings along with medical interventions should reduce barriers to care and improve both physical and mental health outcomes for youth.

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Abidi, Sabina. "Paving the Way to Change for Youth at the Gap between Child and Adolescent and Adult Mental Health Services." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 62, no. 6 (February 24, 2017): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743717694166.

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By 2020 mental illness will be one of the 5 most common illnesses causing morbidity, mortality and disability among youth. At least 20% of Canadian youth have a psychiatric disorder the impact of which can dramatically alter their life trajectory. Focus on the factors contributing to this problem is crucial. Lack of coordination between child and adolescent mental health systems (CAMHS) and adult mental health systems (AMHS) and consequent disruption of care during this vulnerable time of transition is one such factor. Reasons for and the impact of this divide are multilayered, many of which are embedded in outdated, poorly informed approaches to care for this population in transition. This paper considers the etiology behind these reasons as potential foci for change. The paper also briefly outlines recent initiatives ongoing in Canada and internationally that reflect appreciation of these factors in the attempt to minimize the gap in service provision for youth in transition. The need to continue with research and program development endeavours for youth with mental illness whereby access to services and readiness for transition is no longer determined by age is strongly supported.

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Hartman, Leah I., Natalie M. Michel, Ariella Winter, Rebecca E. Young, Gordon L. Flett, and Joel O. Goldberg. "Self-Stigma of Mental Illness in High School Youth." Canadian Journal of School Psychology 28, no. 1 (February 21, 2013): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0829573512468846.

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Sadre, Mahnaz, and Linda J. Brock. "Systems in Conflict: Labeling Youth Creativity as Mental Illness." Journal of Family Psychotherapy 19, no. 4 (November 18, 2008): 358–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08975350802475098.

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Henderson, Corinne. "Living recovery: youth speak out on “owning mental illness”." Psychosis 9, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2017.1280074.

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Stowkowy, Jacqueline, Benjamin I. Goldstein, Glenda MacQueen, JianLi Wang, Sidney H. Kennedy, Signe Bray, Catherine Lebel, and Jean Addington. "Trauma in Youth At-Risk for Serious Mental Illness." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 208, no. 1 (January 2020): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nmd.0000000000001069.

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Liu, Cindy H., Huijun Li, Emily Wu, Esther S. Tung, and Hyeouk C. Hahm. "Parent perceptions of mental illness in Chinese American youth." Asian Journal of Psychiatry 47 (January 2020): 101857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2019.101857.

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Landi, Giulia, Kenneth Ian Pakenham, Mariagrazia Benassi, Sara Giovagnoli, Eliana Tossani, and Silvana Grandi. "A Model of the Effects of Parental Illness on Youth Adjustment and Family Functioning: The Moderating Effects of Psychological Flexibility on Youth Caregiving and Stress." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (May 4, 2021): 4902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094902.

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Parental chronic illness may adversely impact youth and family functioning. This study examined a moderated mediation model of the effects of parental illness on youth and family functioning derived from the Family Ecology Framework. Consistent with this model, we predicted that youth caregiving and stress would serially mediate the adverse impacts of parental illness on youth adjustment and family functioning and that psychological flexibility would moderate these mediational mechanisms. A total of 387 youth, with parents affected by chronic illness, completed a questionnaire assessing parental illness severity, youth caregiving and stress, psychological flexibility, youth adjustment (i.e., internalizing and externalizing problems and psychological wellbeing), and family functioning. Path analyses indicated that the adverse effects of parental illness on youth adjustment and family functioning were serially mediated by youth caregiving and stress. Psychological flexibility buffered the adverse effects of these serial mediators on youth internalizing problems and psychological wellbeing. These findings identified three potential intervention targets: youth caregiving, related stress appraisals, and psychological flexibility. Given the large body of evidence showing that acceptance and commitment therapy fosters psychological flexibility, this intervention approach has the potential to address the psychosocial and mental health vulnerabilities of youth in the context of parental illness, which constitutes a serious public health issue.

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Morgan, Amy J., and Anthony F. Jorm. "Recall of News Stories About Mental Illness by Australian Youth: Associations with Help-Seeking Attitudes and Stigma." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 43, no. 9 (January 1, 2009): 866–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670903107567.

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Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate what news stories about mental illness are recalled by Australian youth and whether these are associated with stigma and help-seeking beliefs. Method: A random sample of 3746 Australian youth aged 12–25 years were interviewed about mental health literacy in 2006. As part of the interview, they were asked whether they could recall any news stories about mental health problems during the past 12 months. Stigma was assessed, as well as willingness to seek help for a mental illness described in a vignette. Common news story themes were entered as predictors of stigma components and willingness to seek help in a series of logistic regressions. Results: Only a minority of youth could recall a news story about mental illness. The most common stories recalled were those involving crime or violence; mental health system failures; or disclosures of mental illness by prominent individuals. Recall of a disclosure by a prominent individual was associated with beliefs that people with mental illness are sick rather than weak, while recall of a story involving crime or violence was associated with greater reluctance to tell anyone about a mental health problem. There were no types of stories that predicted willingness to seek help. Conclusions: There is some evidence that recall of positive or negative news stories is associated with specific components of stigma. Overall, however, recall of news stories about mental illness added little explanatory power to differences in stigma or help-seeking intentions.

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Tisdale, Calvert, Nicole Snowdon, Julaine Allan, Leanne Hides, Philip Williams, and Dominique de Andrade. "Youth Mental Health Peer Support Work: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Impacts and Challenges of Operating in a Peer Support Role." Adolescents 1, no. 4 (September 30, 2021): 400–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/adolescents1040030.

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Youth aged 16–24 years have the highest prevalence of mental illness in Australia, accounting for 26% of all mental illness. Youth mental health peer support work is a promising avenue of support for this population. However, limited research has examined impacts on those who provide youth mental health peer support work. We aimed to identify the benefits and challenges of working in a youth mental health peer support role. Semi-structured qualitative interviews with seven purposefully sampled peer workers from a national youth mental health organisation in Australia were conducted. The interviews were thematically analysed. Six key themes were identified: (1) personal growth, (2) interpersonal factors, (3) organisational factors, (4) boundaries, (5) role acknowledgement, and (6) challenging situations. Key supportive factors included financial reimbursement, training, support, and role-related flexibility. Identified challenges included lack of role acknowledgement, role-related stress, and boundaries. Operating within a youth mental health peer support role is perceived to have positive impacts on personal growth and interpersonal factors, enhanced through financial reimbursement, supervision, and role-related flexibility. Perspectives on the most effective form of role boundaries were diverse however their importance in addressing challenges was emphasised.

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Kim, Sung-Wan, Jae-Kyeong Kim, Cheol Park, Honey Kim, Min Jhon, Ju-Wan Kim, Seunghyoung Ryu, Ju-Yeon Lee, and Jae-Min Kim. "Early Intervention Model for Mental Health in Korean Youth: Mindlink." Korean Journal of Schizophrenia Research 25, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.16946/kjsr.2022.25.1.1.

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Early detection and intervention are necessary to prevent deterioration and promote recovery in patients with schizophrenia. Mindlink is the first community-based early intervention center for young people with mental illness in Korea. This service was introduced in 2012 as a national mental health pilot project in Bukgu, Gwangju Metropolitan City. Due to the increase in the number of young clients, a youth-friendly, early intervention center called Mindlink was established in 2016. Mindlink is a comprehensive mental health service provided throughout multidisciplinary collaboration. It provides intensive case management and group programs, including cognitive behavioural therapy, family intervention, psychoeducation, motivational enhancement, and physical health promotion. The Korean government has stated that the Mindlink model is effective and is currently expanding the model to other areas in Korea. An increasing number of young people with distressing mental illnesses and their family members are approaching Mindlink for help. They are seeking early psychiatric intervention despite the stigma associated with mental illnesses. Our experience with the Mindlink model suggests that investing in improving the mental health in youth and in service delivery can overcome the stigma associated with mental illnesses and other barriers to mental health services. There is currently a lack of comprehensive mental health services for youth, which is a major problem. An accessible, youth-friendly, stigma-free, community mental health center, such as Mindlink, allows early detection and management of mental illnesses in young patients. Therefore, developing early intervention centers at the national level is urgently required.

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Kim, Sung-Wan, Jae-Kyeong Kim, Cheol Park, Honey Kim, Min Jhon, Ju-Wan Kim, Seunghyoung Ryu, Ju-Yeon Lee, and Jae-Min Kim. "Early Intervention Model for Mental Health in Korean Youth: Mindlink." Korean Journal of Schizophrenia Research 25, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.16946/kjsr.2022.25.1.1.

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Early detection and intervention are necessary to prevent deterioration and promote recovery in patients with schizophrenia. Mindlink is the first community-based early intervention center for young people with mental illness in Korea. This service was introduced in 2012 as a national mental health pilot project in Bukgu, Gwangju Metropolitan City. Due to the increase in the number of young clients, a youth-friendly, early intervention center called Mindlink was established in 2016. Mindlink is a comprehensive mental health service provided throughout multidisciplinary collaboration. It provides intensive case management and group programs, including cognitive behavioural therapy, family intervention, psychoeducation, motivational enhancement, and physical health promotion. The Korean government has stated that the Mindlink model is effective and is currently expanding the model to other areas in Korea. An increasing number of young people with distressing mental illnesses and their family members are approaching Mindlink for help. They are seeking early psychiatric intervention despite the stigma associated with mental illnesses. Our experience with the Mindlink model suggests that investing in improving the mental health in youth and in service delivery can overcome the stigma associated with mental illnesses and other barriers to mental health services. There is currently a lack of comprehensive mental health services for youth, which is a major problem. An accessible, youth-friendly, stigma-free, community mental health center, such as Mindlink, allows early detection and management of mental illnesses in young patients. Therefore, developing early intervention centers at the national level is urgently required.

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Daniel Grigat, Monique Fernquist, Andrea Allen, Tanya Drescher, Andrew Fisher, Katelyn Wieringa, Heather Hair, and Marni Bercov. "Helping kids and youth in times of emotional crisis." Canadian Journal of Emergency Nursing 43, no. 2 (May 25, 2020): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjen48.

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Background In 2017 the Emergency Strategic Clinical Network (ESCN) and Addiction and Mental Health Strategic Clinical Network (AMH SCN) of Alberta Health Services (AHS) launched a survey to understand the experience of young people seeking help in an Emergency Department (ED) for a mental health concern. Over 1500 surveys were completed, and qualitative results were analyzed thematically and interpreted in partnership with focus groups. A major theme of the responses was the feeling of being stigmatized when seeking help for a mental health concern, and that health care professionals’ understanding, empathy, and competencies with youth mental health needs to be improved. In response to this finding, a nurse education workshop has been developed and is being piloted and evaluated. Implementation The ESCN and the AMH SCN are working together to develop, pilot, and evaluate new training for ED nurses. The education will debunk common misperceptions and associated stigma about the causes of mental illness and addictions by presenting the medical paradigm of a physical illness with a complex etiology including genetic and environmental influences. The objective of these workshops is that nurses receive training to increase knowledge of the science and determinants of addiction and mental health issues to enable them to provide care that is compassionate and trauma informed. Pilot workshops have been delivered to a lived-experience advisory committee, as well as four cohorts of ED nurses. The impact of the workshops is being evaluated to inform further implementation. Evaluation Methods Nurses participating in the pilots will complete a 10 question survey to establish a baseline of their knowledge, compassion, and confidence. This survey has been adapted from the Mental Health Commission of Canada Healthcare Providers Questionnaire, and the Attitudes Towards Child Mental Health Questionnaire. Upon completion of the workshop nurses are be asked to complete a second brief survey reflecting on how this training will impact their clinical practice, and the barriers to practice change. Finally, 90-days post-training nurses will be re-administered the 10 question baseline survey. In addition, they will be asked if their goals for clinical practice change have been achieved. Results Four cohorts consisting of 39 emergency department nurses have completed the workshop. All 39 nurses completed the baseline survey and the workshop survey. The baseline survey results were that 90% of respondents agreed that mental illness and addiction deserves as much attention as physical illness, and 92% agreed that healthcare providers need to advocate for people with mental illness and addiction. However, 79% of respondents reported that they were more comfortable treating physical illness than mental illness or addiction. Further, while 95% of respondents disagreed that mental illness was the result of a weak personality, only 74% disagreed that substance abusers have no self-control. Finally, when asked if adverse social circumstances can result in mental illness or addiction 8% of respondents disagreed and 49% were unsure. Following the workshop 100% of respondents agreed that the workshop was applicable to their clinical practice, and 92% agreed that they understood better how to support these patients. Important themes arising from the qualitative questions were the need to show more empathy and compassion, and the realization that although an ED nurse cannot resolve an underlying mental illness or addiction they do have an important role to play in stabilizing an acute crisis. Advice and Lessons Learned Youth and their caregivers often do not know where to go in a time of emotional crisis. Their experience in the emergency department can be a source of further distress, and presents an opportunity to provide compassionate and trauma informed care. Approaching the topic of improving care in the ED requires the involvement of multiple stakeholders, including emergency operational and strategic leadership, addiction and mental health specialists, front line clinicians, and the youth and caregivers receiving care. A major barrier to providing higher quality care for youth experiencing an emotional crisis is knowledge of how to assess these patients and communicate them, as well as knowledge of and access to appropriate resources that can be leveraged in patient care.

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McCarter, Susan. "Intersection of Mental Health, Education, and Juvenile Justice: The Role of Mental Health Providers in Reducing the School-to-Prison Pipeline." Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry 21, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1559-4343.21.1.7.

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The school-to-prison pipeline (STPP) describes the corridor between the education system and the justice system which is increasingly filled with children and youth who have mental health challenges. Approximately 22% of children (under 18 years old) in the general U.S. population have psychiatric disorders, as compared to approximately 70% of justice-involved children (Cocozza & Shufelt, 2006; Teplin et al., 2002). This article uses the differential behavior hypothesis and the differential selection/processing hypothesis to critically examine the intersection of the mental health, education, and juvenile justice systems and the overrepresentation of mental illness for justice-involved youth in the United States. Early identification, assessment, barriers to care and health disparities, school discipline, and the criminalization of children and youth with mental illness are explored with global implications. Recommendations and promising practices are offered including: improved data and service provider collaborations, community-based services and systems of care, diversion and decarceration, juvenile mental health courts, and juvenile crisis intervention teams.

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Pang, Shirlene, Jianlin Liu, Mithila Mahesh, Boon Yiang Chua, Shazana Shahwan, Siau Pheng Lee, Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar, et al. "Stigma among Singaporean youth: a cross-sectional study on adolescent attitudes towards serious mental illness and social tolerance in a multiethnic population." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (October 2017): e016432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016432.

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ObjectivesStigma against mental illnesses is one of the significant obstacles faced by mental health service users and providers. It can develop at a young age and is also influenced by culture. Youths in Southeast Asian countries are under-represented in mental health research, thus this study aims to explore the dimensions of stigma and social tolerance and examine its correlates in the younger, multiethnic population of Singapore.DesignAn online survey collected data with sociodemographic questions, the Attitudes Towards Serious Mental Illness (Adolescent version) Scale, Social Tolerance Scale and an open-text question on words or phrases participants associated with the term ‘mental illness’. Principal component analysis and multiple regression models were conducted to investigate the factor structure of the attitudes and social tolerance scales and their sociodemographic correlates.ParticipantsParticipants included 940 youths aged 14–18 years old who were residing in Singapore at the time of the survey and were recruited through local schools.ResultsAbout a quarter of the students (22.6%) reported participating in mental health awareness campaigns while nearly half (44.5%) associated pejorative words and phrases with the term mental illness. The Attitudes Towards Serious Mental Illness (Adolescent version) Scale yielded five factors while the Social Tolerance Scale yielded two. Ethnicity, gender and nationality were significantly correlated with factors of both scales. Chinese youths showed higher sense of ’physical threat' and lower ’social tolerance' than those of other ethnicities. Females showed more ’wishful thinking', ’social concern' and ’social responsibility' towards the mentally ill than males.ConclusionsThe dimensions of stigma and social tolerance are different in Asian cultures compared with Western cultures. Sociodemographic differences in attitudes towards the mentally ill were found among youths living in Singapore. Misconceptions and negative attitudes towards mental illness are common, demonstrating a clear need for effective stigma reduction campaigns.

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Patterson, V., L. Mackenzie, A. Zwicker, V. Drobinin, J. Cumby, S. Abidi, A. Bagnell, L. Propper, M. Alda, and R. Uher. "Adversity, Parental Mental Illness, and Risk of Depression in Youth." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.2207.

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BackgroundThe association between parental severe mental illness (SMI) and depression in offspring may be due to genetic liability or adverse environments. We investigated the effect of parental SMI, SES, and adversity on depression in a sample of youth enriched for familial risk of mental illness.MethodWe assessed 217 youth (mean age 11.95, SD 4.14, range 6–24), including 167 (77%) offspring of parents with SMI. We measured exposure to childhood maltreatment and bullying with the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ) and Childhood Experiences of Care and Abuse (CECA) interview.ResultsIn total, 13.36% participants reported significant bullying and 40.76% had a history of childhood maltreatment. Rates of bullying and maltreatment were similar in offspring of parents with and without SMI. Maltreatment likelihood increased with decreasing socioeconomic status. Exposure to bullying (OR = 3.11, 95%CI 1.08–8.88, P = 0.03) predicted depression in offspring more strongly than family history of SMI in parents.ConclusionsAdversity, such as maltreatment and bullying, has a stronger impact on the risk of developing depression than family history of mental illness in parents. These adverse experiences are associated with socioeconomic status rather than parental mental illness.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Patel, AshokKumar, Akshat Chowdhury, and Kavita Gupta. "Attitude, Belief, and Perception Toward Mental Illness Among Indian Youth." MAMC Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 2 (2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/mamcjms.mamcjms_31_19.

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England, Mary Jane, and Robert F. Cole. "Building Systems of Care for Youth With Serious Mental Illness." Psychiatric Services 43, no. 6 (June 1992): 630–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.43.6.630.

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Elkington, Katherine S., Dusty Hackler, Karen McKinnon, Cristiane Borges, Eric R. Wright, and Milton L. Wainberg. "Perceived Mental Illness Stigma Among Youth in Psychiatric Outpatient Treatment." Journal of Adolescent Research 27, no. 2 (June 8, 2011): 290–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743558411409931.

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Bender, Eve. "Youth Sentenced to Adult Prisons Have High Mental Illness Rates." Psychiatric News 43, no. 18 (September 19, 2008): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/pn.43.18.0016a.

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Farris, Megan S., Glenda MacQueen, Benjamin I. Goldstein, JianLi Wang, Sidney H. Kennedy, Signe Bray, Catherine Lebel, and Jean Addington. "Treatment History of Youth At-Risk for Serious Mental Illness." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 64, no. 2 (August 2, 2018): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743718792195.

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Objective: The aim was to describe treatment history including medications, psychosocial therapy and hospital visits of participants in the Canadian Psychiatric Risk and Outcomes Study (PROCAN). Methods: PROCAN is a 2-site study of 243 youth/young adults aged 12 to 25 y, categorized into 4 groups: healthy controls ( n = 42), stage 0 (non-help seeking, asymptomatic with risk mainly family history of serious mental illness (SMI); n = 41), stage 1a (distress disorders; n = 52) and stage 1b (attenuated syndromes; n = 108). Participants were interviewed regarding lifetime and current treatments, including medications, psychosocial therapies and hospital visits. Results: The number receiving baseline medications differed significantly across groups ( P < 0.001): 0% healthy controls, 14.6% stage 0, 32.7% stage 1a and 34.3% stage 1b. Further, 26.9% and 49.1% of stage 1a and stage 1b participants received psychosocial therapy at baseline, indicative of statistically significant differences among the groups ( P < 0.001). Similar results were observed for lifetime treatment history; stage 1b participants had the highest frequency of lifetime treatment. Medications started in adulthood (>18 y of age) were the most common for initiation of treatment compared to childhood (0 to 12 y) and adolescence (13 to 17 y) for stage 1a and 1b participants. Lifetime mental health hospital visits differed significantly across groups ( P < 0.001) and were most common in stage 1b participants (29.6%) followed by stage 1a (13.5%), stage 0 (4.9%) and healthy controls (2.4%). Conclusion: We found that treatment history for participants in the PROCAN study differed among the at-risk groups. Future initiatives focused on determining the effects of treatment history on SMI are warranted.

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Richardson, Meg, Vanessa Cobham, Brett McDermott, and Judith Murray. "Youth Mental Illness and the Family: Parents’ Loss and Grief." Journal of Child and Family Studies 22, no. 5 (June 29, 2012): 719–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-012-9625-x.

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Santesteban-Echarri, Olga, Glenda MacQueen, Benjamin I. Goldstein, JianLi Wang, Sidney H. Kennedy, Signe Bray, Catherine Lebel, and Jean Addington. "Family functioning in youth at-risk for serious mental illness." Comprehensive Psychiatry 87 (November 2018): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.08.010.

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Addington, Jean, Lu Liu, Benjamin I. Goldstein, Jianli Wang, Sidney H. Kennedy, Signe Bray, Catherine Lebel, Jacqueline Stowkowy, and Glenda MacQueen. "Clinical staging for youth at‐risk for serious mental illness." Early Intervention in Psychiatry 13, no. 6 (January 22, 2019): 1416–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eip.12786.

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Stowkowy, Jacqueline, Kali Brummitt, Dominique Bonneville, Benjamin I. Goldstein, JianLi Wang, Sidney H. Kennedy, Signe Bray, Catherine Lebel, Glenda MacQueen, and Jean Addington. "Sleep disturbances in youth at‐risk for serious mental illness." Early Intervention in Psychiatry 14, no. 3 (November 13, 2019): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eip.12898.

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Davidson, S., and I. G. Manion. "Facing the challenge: Mental health and illness in canadian youth." Psychology, Health & Medicine 1, no. 1 (February 1996): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13548509608400005.

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Cook, Judith A. "Job ending among youth and adults with severe mental illness." Journal of Mental Health Administration 19, no. 2 (June 1992): 158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02521316.

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Anderson, Jacqueline R., Karabi Nandy, Anne K. Fuller, Taryn L. Mayes, Stevie Spinelli, Suzanne Brann, Felicia Padilla, Jennifer L. Hughes, and Madhukar H. Trivedi. "Effects of Mental Illness Exposure From Parents and Friends on Adolescent Mental Health and Well-Being." Psychiatric Annals 53, no. 5 (May 2023): 228–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230324-01.

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Youth exposure to mental illness in family or friends is a known risk factor of internalizing disorders. The current study examines the relationship between mental illness exposure and adolescents' mental health and well-being in a cross-sectional school-based population using all self-report measures. Multilevel modelling was used to estimate adjusted effect of mental illness exposure on mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety, well-being, and quality of life. The results indicated that there are statistically significant associations between mental illness exposure (through parents only, friends only, both, or none) and adolescent mental health. Compared to adolescents who had no exposure, depression and anxiety were significantly higher for those who had exposure through parents only, friends only, or both. They also had significantly lower well-being and quality of life. This study provides insight into how exposure to mental illness through friends or parents relates to adolescents' mental health. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(5):228–235.]

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Van Deusen, Timothy. "Autonomy and Capacity in Transitional Age Youth (TAY) with Serious Mental Illness: Challenges in Mental Health - A Case Report." Clinical Studies and Medical Case Reports 6, no. 4 (December 23, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/csmc-8801/100077.

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Objective: An admission to a medical or psychiatric inpatient unit is a difficult time during a Transitional Age Youth (TAY)’s life. While some patients recognize the need for their admission, severely ill patients lack insight into their illnessand require involuntary hospitalization, which may impactthe patient’s quality of care, patient-doctor relationship and raise legal and ethical questions to patient’s autonomy, capacity, and their wishes. Methods: Describe the legal and ethical challenges of TAY with serious mental illness and multiple physical illnesses; illustrated by a clinical case. Results: TAYis affected by legal issues involved with treatment in this population, including a patient’s right to refuse treatment, involuntary commitment versus court-ordered treatment, advance directives, health care proxies, and confidentiality. Conclusions: It is critical to recognize the ethical and legal issues encountered by TAY with serious mental illness. Understanding these matters will improvethe provider’s care and enhance their ability to advocate for patients’ rights.

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Artna, Erin, Alexxa Abi-Jaoudé, Sanjeev Sockalingam, Claire Perry, Andrew Johnson, Charlotte Wun, Nicole Kozloff, Jo Henderson, Andrea Levinson, and Daniel Z. Buchman. "Understanding attitudes and beliefs regarding COVID-19 vaccines among transitional-aged youth with mental health concerns: a youth-led qualitative study." BMJ Open 14, no. 1 (January 2024): e080707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080707.

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BackgroundTransitional-aged youth (16–29 years) with mental health concerns have experienced a disproportionate burden of the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccination is limited in this population; however, determinants of its vaccine hesitancy are not yet thoroughly characterised.ObjectivesThis study aimed to answer the following research question: What are the beliefs and attitudes of youth with mental illness about COVID-19 vaccines, and how do these perspectives affect vaccine acceptance? The study aims to generate findings to inform the development of vaccine resources specific to youth with mental health concerns.MethodsA qualitative methodology with a youth engagement focus was used to conduct in-depth semistructured interviews with transitional-aged youth aged 16–29 years with one or more self-reported mental health diagnoses or concerns. Mental health concerns encompassed a wide range of symptoms and diagnoses, including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders and personality disorders. Participants were recruited from seven main mental health clinical and support networks across Canada. Transcripts from 46 youth and 6 family member interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsTwo major themes were generated: (1) factors affecting trust in COVID-19 vaccines and (2) mental health influences and safety considerations in vaccine decision-making. Subthemes included trust in vaccines, trust in healthcare providers, trust in government and mistreatment towards racialised populations, and direct and indirect influences of mental health.ConclusionsOur analysis suggests how lived experiences of mental illness affected vaccine decision-making and related factors that can be targeted to increase vaccine uptake. Our findings provide new insights into vaccine attitudes among youth with mental health concerns, which is highly relevant to ongoing vaccination efforts for new COVID-19 strains as well as other transmissible diseases and future pandemics. Next steps include cocreating youth-specific public health and clinical resources to encourage vaccination in this population.

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Knopf, Alison. "SAMHSA awards $131.7 million to support at‐risk youth." Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly 35, no. 38 (September 29, 2023): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adaw.33899.

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Last week the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) announced $131.7 million awarded this month in grant programs that connect youth and families to services for substance use disorder and mental illness.

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Smart, Graham, and Richard Thompson. "“Someone Just Like Me”." Written Communication 34, no. 1 (December 13, 2016): 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741088316681997.

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This study extends a line of inquiry established by researchers using narrative theory to investigate the discourses of psychiatry. Drawing primarily on theories of narrative and genre, the study analyzes a series of autobiographical books intended for an audience of youth suffering from mental illness. Our research investigates how the rhetorical design of the books harnesses the discursive affordances of autobiographical narrative to encourage a particular uptake on the part of a reader suffering from mental illness. Performing an analysis of four of the books in the series, we found them to exhibit a design in which autobiographical narrative is used to prompt an anticipated uptake by the reader: motivation to commit to therapy and engage in lifelong self-care. The study offers insights to authors producing texts intended to support psychiatric practitioners in guiding youth toward recovery from mental illness.

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Ferguson, Kristin M., Kimberly Bender, Sanna J. Thompson, Elaine M. Maccio, Bin Xie, and David Pollio. "Social Control Correlates of Arrest Behavior Among Homeless Youth in Five U.S. Cities." Violence and Victims 26, no. 5 (2011): 648–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.26.5.648.

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This study identified homelessness, substance use, employment, and mental health correlates of homeless youths’ arrest activity in 5 cities. Two hundred thirty-eight street youth from Los Angeles, Austin, Denver, New Orleans, and St. Louis were recruited using comparable sampling strategies. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression results reveal that being arrested for criminal activity is associated with length of homelessness, history of juvenile detention and incarceration, receiving income from theft, substance abuse, and mental illness. Arrests are also associated with interactions between lack of formal employment income and receiving income from theft and between drug and alcohol abuse/dependency. Understanding the health and situational factors associated with homeless youths’ delinquent activity has implications for providing more comprehensive health, mental health, and substance abuse services.

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Buchholz, Blythe, Stephanie Aylward, Sue McKenzie, and Patrick Corrigan. "Should youth disclose their mental health challenges? Perspectives from students, parents, and school professionals." Journal of Public Mental Health 14, no. 3 (September 21, 2015): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmh-03-2015-0008.

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Purpose – Disclosure seems to be a useful strategy for adults to deal with both the public and self-stigma of mental illness. However, youth may face a different set of risks when coming out with their experiences. The purpose of this paper is to examine youth, parent, and teacher perspectives on the costs and benefits of disclosure by middle- and high school-aged youth to better understand these risks. Design/methodology/approach – Focus groups were conducted with questions framed to elicit the different ways mental health challenges are discussed in schools and families. Findings – Surprisingly, the benefits of disclosure seemed to far outweigh the costs across groups. Benefits included ways to deal with stigma, reducing isolation, and “differentness,” as well as the pursuit of mental health services if needed. Costs included harsh responses to disclosure by peers and family members. Participants shared strategies used to minimize risk, including where and with whom youth might share their stories. Social implications – The results suggest many youth have disclosed their experiences with mental health challenges and have received mixed responses; these reactions often serve as the barometer for future disclosure decisions. Other youth are considering disclosure in a variety of settings, but are unsure how to go about it safely. Implications for addressing stigma are discussed. Originality/value – To our knowledge, this is the first qualitative research study conducted with youth about disclosure of mental illness experiences. These results will help guide modification of programming that could be beneficial in aiding disclosure decisions and reducing disclosure-related risks for youth who come out.

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Benoit, L. "‘Maisons Des Adolescents’, Youth Mental Health in France." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.159.

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Since 1999, more than 100 “Maisons des Adolescents” (MDAs) - “House of Adolescents” - have been developed in France. These integrated youth-friendly facilities enabled young persons to gain access to specific care. The various medical programs of MDAs depend on the priorities of local communities rather than on official regulations. Most MDAs offer the following essential services: a “Health and Prevention Space” open daily; multidisciplinary consultations; consult liaison for youths hospitalized in medical units; a home visiting service; outpatient clinic including art workshops; refresher courses for school work; peer and parent support groups. The MDAs from the start addressed an age group (young people aged 11-21 years) rather than an illness. They thus provide primary prevention for young persons according to the World Health Organization definition of health as “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.” The success of the MDA network is already widely acknowledged by users, professionals, and policymakers. Disclosure No significant relationships.

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Paik, Leslie. "Maybe He's Depressed: Mental Illness as a Mitigating Factor for Drug Offender Accountability." Law & Social Inquiry 34, no. 03 (2009): 569–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2009.01158.x.

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Given the often perplexing relationship between mental illness and substance abuse among offenders, this article looks at how a juvenile drug court staff's presumptions of a youth's mental illness affect its decision‐making process. Based on thirteen months of ethnographic fieldwork at a Southern California juvenile drug court, this article uses Manzo and Travers's “law in action” approach to analyze how the staff readjusts its application of normal remedies (a concept developed by Robert Emerson) designed to respond to a youth's noncompliance when it suspects mental illness may be influencing the youth's actions. In doing so, it highlights how court staff's considerations of youth mental disorders arise out of its everyday work practices. Furthermore, the article discusses how staff negotiations around a youth's mental illness create tensions for the juvenile drug court's accountability‐based model of therapeutic jurisprudence, because assessments of mental illness tend to mitigate responsibility for a youth's behavior.

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