Dissertations / Theses: 'Youth Government policy Victoria'

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Chow, Suet-mei Gloria. "An analysis of the Hong Kong government policy in tackling youth unemployment." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38282410.

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Chan, Wai-yin Rosa, and 陳慧賢. "The evolution of a youth policy in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31963754.

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Cheng, Chi-ho Howard, and 鄭之灝. "A study of social welfare policies for youth in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31236650.

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Wong, Kai-chung Martin, and 王啟忠. "Policy analysis on youth drug abuse in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46778299.

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Ford, Carole, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Still invisible: The myth of the woman-friendly state." Deakin University. School of Social Inquiry, 2001. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20060628.151004.

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Australian women faced the last two decades of the twentieth century, optimistic in their capacity to contribute positively to social change in the restructuring state. Encouraged by the relative euphoria of the late 1970s and early 1980s, women had a fleeting glimpse of the possibilities of woman-friendly legislation and feminist inspired government policy. What eventuated was the dismantling of supportive welfare structures, under the guise of economic rationalist state action, which undermined and eventually halted womens economic and social advancement. This research project examines the impact of government policy on the welfare of Victorian women, through a feminist analysis of state and federal decision-making, framed in the context of case studies in the areas of employment, education and health. The promotion of gender-neutral policy, by generally conservative bureaucracies, effectively exposes the mythical woman-friendly state. The implications do not auger well for Victorian women in the new millenium.

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曾家健 and Ka-kin Kevin Tsang. "Youth crime in Hong Kong: an analysis of policy instruments." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31967024.

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Chan, Shui-ching, and 陳瑞貞. "A proposal for formulating a youth policy in Hong Kong for the 21st century." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46755512.

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Leung, Chuen-suen, and 梁傳孫. "Youth work in Hong Kong: an analysis of policy products." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31221324.

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Mok, Hon-fai James, and 莫漢輝. "Hegemonic accounts of youth in Hong Kong, 1980-1997." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31223217.

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Grove, Sonja Carol. "A Case Study of the Development of Oregon's 1985 Public Policy in Youth Substance Abuse." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1255.

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Youth substance abuse in Oregon reached epidemic proportions in the early 1980s. A response to this social issue from the Governor's Office, the state legislature, and the Office of Alcohol and Drug Programs during 1983-1985 is the foundation of this case study. Oregon, a small state of three million, was faced with a growing problem of youth and adult substance abuse. Legislative leaders, agency staff, and Governor Atiyeh recognized an opportunity to create public policy to solve problems of substance abuse including crime. The focus on substance abuse included streamlining several budgets with substance abuse monies in various state agencies. The intent of this study was to recreate the development of public policy specifically in the area of youth substance abuse during the years 1983-1985. The final policy, Oregon House Bill 2124 (1985), represented the work budgets with alcohol and drug monies in various state agencies. The intent of this study is to recreate the development of public policy specifically in the area of youth substance abuse during the years 1983-1985. The final policy, Oregon House Bill 2124 (1985), represented the work of several political entities, and presented recommendations for substance abuse treatment, budget alignments among several agencies with alcohol and drug monies, and finally, prevention of youth substance abuse. This dissertation established that leadership and politics affected policy development more than the variables of economics, special interest groups, or research which were chosen from the literature in policy development. Research was the variable studied in depth to determine if policy developers utilized what was known about youth substance abuse to develop policy goals. Several barriers to the use of research and rational methods for policy development were uncovered. The study found that the use of research was regarded as important among policy developers, but their practice was not at all congruent with that belief. There were many studies on youth prevention and social competency training available to policy planners which may have supported more specific policy recommendations. No collaborations between researchers and policy developers occurred in this case study. The barriers to collaborative efforts with researchers and the use of policy analysis methods were uncovered in this study. The final policy document presented to the legislature lacked specific recommendations for well researched programs which appeared to be the result of political considerations rather than rational policy development. Finally, this case of policy development revealed a process that was inconsistent, politically driven, disregarded available research, and resulted in broad policy goals which have not been exceptionally successful in limiting or even addressing youth substance abuse over the nine years of implementation by the same administrator who significantly helped to develop them.

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Ngubeni, Steven Piet. "Youth development performance management in municipalities : a Nkangala District Municipality case study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80327.

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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Like in many developing countries, youth development in South Africa is advancing towards becoming the central focus of government. The population figures illustrate a demographic dividend, or youth bulge as others would want to call it. A more pragmatic and aggressive approach to youth development for South Africa has never been more urgent than now. Municipalities by design are at the grassroots and the gateway for providing direct development interventions to the masses of the peoples of South Africa. Most of the municipalities in the country have started to take up this responsibility. There is, however, evidence that success in implementing youth development programmes is limited, owing mainly to the lack of performance management application at the local government level. This study is intended to explore a research problem defined as follows: “The absence of a tailor-made performance management for youth development leads to limited or no achievement of the set targets for youth development.” The study is started by exploring the literature on both the underlying areas of the study: youth development and performance management. Though youth development is a fairly new area, there has been progress in defining and conceptualizing both performance management and youth development in South Africa. Youth and youth development are defined respectively as young people between 14 and 35 years of age, and deliberate interventions to enable the youth to participate in the socio-economic wellbeing of the country and the world. Performance management is further defined as the process towards ensuring there is a concerted effort in the implementation of the predetermined plans. The researcher opted for the case study approach, using Nkangala District Municipality (NDM) as the case to explore the extent to which municipalities apply the prescripts and principles of performance management to the youth development programmes. The study sought to establish whether municipalities have performance management frameworks and systems, whether youth development matters are included and whether there are specific youth development performance measures in place. The literature shows that there is extensive work done on the area of performance management in local government in South Africa. The legislation compels all municipalities to have performance management systems and frameworks in place and adopted by the councils. The document review shows that in Nkangala District Municipality there is still a need to trickle down the application of the systems and framework. There is a need to ensure that youth development is included in the performance management process. Evidence from the study shows that there are still gaps to be addressed in as far as the district is concerned. Their application of the performance management framework and systems still needs to be cascaded to all staff members; the application must still be applied to youth development programme and youth development units. There is a need to align municipal planning with youth development. Youth participation still remains a challenge throughout the process of planning, implementation and reporting. Municipalities are suffering from attitudes that suggest that youths are simply recipients of hand-out products and services. Finally, the study suggest a Youth Development Performance Management Framework which will also integrate youth participation, monitoring and evaluation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Soos in baie ontwikkelende lande neig jeugontwikkeling in Suid-Afrika daarna om die sentrale fokus van die regering te word. Die bevolkingsyfers illustreer 'n demografiese dividend of jeug uitstulping (“youth bulge”), soos wat daarna verwys word. `n Meer pragmatiese en aggresiewe benadering tot jeugontwikkeling was nog nooit meer dringend vir Suid-Afrika as juis tans nie. Munisipaliteite, deur ontwerp, is op voetsoolvlak en die poort vir die verskaffing van direkte ontwikkelingsingrypings vir die meerderheid van mense in Suid-Afrika. Meeste van die munisipaliteite in die land het begin om hierdie verantwoordelikheid op te neem. Daar is egter bewyse dat sukses in die implementering van jeugontwikkelingsprogramme beperk is, veral as gevolg van die gebrek aan die aanwending van prestasiebestuur op die vlak van plaaslike regering. Hierdie studie is bedoel om die navorsingsprobleem gedefinieer as: “die afwesigheid van 'n pasgemaakte prestasiebestuurstelsel vir jeugontwikkeling lei tot beperkte of gebrekkige bereiking van die gestelde teikens vir jeugontwikkeling” Te verken. Die studie begin deur die literatuur te ondersoek op beide die onderliggende gebiede van die studie, jeugontwikkeling en prestasiebestuur. Hoewel jeugontwikkeling `n redelik nuwe gebied is, is daar vordering in die definiëring en konseptualisering van beide prestasiebestuur en jeugontwikkeling in Suid-Afrika. Jeug en jeugontwikkeling word gedefinieer as jong mense tussen 14 en 35 jaar oud en doelbewuste intervensies om die jeug in staat te stel om deel te neem aan die sosio-ekonomiese welstand van die land en die wêreld. Prestasiebestuur word gedefinieer as die proses om te verseker dat daar `n gesamentlike poging is vir die implementering van die voorafbepaalde planne. Die navorser het besluit op `n gevallestudie benadering, deur gebruik te maak van die Nkangala Distriksmunisipaliteit (NDM) om die mate waarin munisipaliteite die voorskrifte en beginsels van prestasiebestuur op die jeugontwikkelingsprogramme toepas te verken. Die studie poog om vas te stel of munisipaliteite prestasiebestuursraamwerke en stelsels het, of jeugontwikkelingsaangeleenthede ingesluit is en of daar spesifieke jeugontwikkeling prestasiemaatreëls in plek is. Literatuur toon dat daar uitgebreide werk gedoen is op die gebied van prestasiebestuur in plaaslike regering in Suid-Afrika. Die wetgewing verplig alle munisipaliteite om prestasiebestuurstelsels en raamwerke in plek te hê en goedgekeur deur die rade. Die dokumentêre hersiening toon dat daar in die Nkangala Distriksmunisipaliteit steeds `n behoefte daaraan is om die toepassing van die stelsels en raamwerk te laat deursyfer. Daar is `n behoefte om te verseker dat jeugontwikkeling ingesluit word in die prestasiebestuursproses. Bewyse uit die studie toon dat daar steeds gapings is om aan te spreek met betrekking tot die distrik. Die aanwending van die prestasiebestuursraamwerk en stelsels moet nog afgewentel word na alle personeellede. Die aanwending moet nog van toepassing gemaak word op jeugontwikkeling en jeugontwikkelingseenhede. Daar is 'n behoefte om munisipale beplanning in lyn te bring met jeugontwikkeling. Jeug deelname dwarsdeur die proses van beplanning, implementering en rapportering bly steeds 'n uitdaging. Munisipaliteite ly onder gesindhede wat daarop dui dat die jeug eenvoudig ontvangers is van produkte en dienste. Die studie stel ten slotte `n jeugontwikkeling prestasiebestuursraamwerk voor wat ook jeug deelname, monitering en evaluering sal integreer.

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12

Frederick, John (John William) 1952. ""The help I need is more than the help they can give me" : a study of the life circumstances of emergency relief clients." Monash University, Dept. of Social Work, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5151.

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Iqbal, Kazi. "Essays on intergenerational allocation of public spending, growth and optimal taxation /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7435.

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Грушецька, Т. В., and С. М. Пекарчук. "Удосконалення механізмів формування та реалізації державної молодіжної політики." Thesis, Чернігів, 2021. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/25355.

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Грушецька, Т. В. Удосконалення механізмів формування та реалізації державної молодіжної політики : випускна кваліфікаційна робота : 281 «Публічне управління та адміністрування» / Т. В. Грушецька, С. М. Пекарчук ; керівник роботи Г. В. Старченко ; НУ "Чернігівська політехніка", кафедра публічного управління та менеджменту організацій. – Чернігів, 2021. – 109 с.
Досвід останніх десятиліть переконливо доводить, що політичних і економічних успіхів добиваються саме ті держави, які приділяють підвищену увагу молоді; що стійкий розвиток демонструють саме ті суспільства, які переглянули систему традиційних поглядів на нові покоління, на систему взаємин між поколіннями і на їх значення для політичного і соціально-економічного розвитку. Основна мета роботи полягає в дослідженні проблем і перспектив забезпечення реалізації державної молодіжної політики в Україні, зокрема в Чернігівській області, та дослідженні впливу молодіжної політики на формування особистості. Методи дослідження – методологічну основу роботи становлять загальнонаукові прийоми досліджень і спеціальні методи, що ґрунтуються на сучасних наукових засадах управлінської, економічної і споріднених з ними наук. У роботі використано методи: абстрактно-логічний, системно-аналітичний, функціонально-структурний, порівняльний аналіз, синергетичний. Інформаційною базою дослідження стали діючі Закони України, підзаконні нормативні акти Кабінету Міністрів України, органів державної виконавчої влади та місцевого самоврядування, наукові праці, соціологічні опитування.
The experience of recent decades convincingly proves that political and economic success is achieved by those states that pay more attention to young people; that sustainable development is demonstrated by those societies that have revised the system of traditional views on new generations, on the system of relations between generations and on their importance for political and socio- economic development. The main purpose of the work is to study the problems and prospects of ensuring the implementation of state youth policy in Ukraine, in particular in the Chernihiv region, and to study the impact of youth policy on the formation of personality. Research methods - the methodological basis of the work are general scientific research methods and special methods based on modern scientific principles of management, economics and related sciences. The following methods are used in the work: abstract-logical, system-analytical, functional-structural, comparative analysis, synergetic. The information base of the study was the current Laws of Ukraine, bylaws of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, state executive authorities and local governments, scientific papers, opinion polls.

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Rossouw, Lynette. "The implementation of changed policies pertaining to child and youth care : views and experiences of team members." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1356.

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Thesis (DPhil (Social Work))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The changes in child and youth care policies over the last fifteen years have had profound consequences for the staff at Youth Care and Education Centres (hereafter referred to as YCECs). These changes included systemic changes, philosophical changes, and changes in the way services are rendered to children and youth in their care. It was thus expected of team members to not only change their behaviours but to also make mind shifts. The mandates were that they move from working in silos (educators, residential educators and support team) to working in teams; from rendering generic services to developing individualised plans for children and youth; from following a medical (deficit) approach in service delivery to following a strength based- and developmental approach. Whereas a punitive approach to discipline was followed in the past staff members now have to follow a restorative approach. In addition, the emphasis on children’s rights, in general, and the abolishment of corporal punishment, in particular, brought about changes in the nature of the adultchild relationship. It was required of the team members to learn to use alternatives to this form of punishment. The study explored how the members of the institutional level teams at the four YCECs in the Western Cape were experiencing the implementation of changed child and youth policies. A combined quantitative and qualitative research methodology was followed in obtaining the data from the residential educators, as well as the educators and the support team members comprising of psychologists, school social workers, occupational therapists, and school nurses. The points of departure were the organisational learning model and the phases of team development. Findings derived from the empirical study were that the difference between the way the participants embraced and implemented changed policies and legislation had much to do with the guidance that the principal and senior management provided for them. Where the principal set the tone and conveyed the message that the implementation of the policies were not negotiable and gave staff members the opportunity to thoroughly discuss these changes, they eventually shared the underlying principles of the changed policies. Where the principal provided direction, support and encouragement for the implementation of the changed policies the participants felt secure and empowered. Where this support was not present participants felt uncertain and to some extent let down. When a shared vision was articulated to them the participants were able to align their personal visions thereto, which further led to a greater understanding of their roles within the team. Where participants, however, were not clear on the shared vision they seemed to struggle with role division and status and power issues. When team members were left to their own devices a measure of personal mastery still took place due to the commitment of individuals but team learning was either limited or virtually nonexistent. Systems thinking remained a challenge due to the forming of subgroups within the YCEC and the limited or nonexistent services rendered by external social workers to the families of the children and youth. The most important recommendations resulting from the study indicate that provision must be made for frameworks for the implementation of changes in policy and guidelines for team processes. To ensure that new staff is informed about the policies that guide their services an orientation programme must be in place. Training for principals in effective introduction and implementation of change should also be provided. To ascertain what the staff complement should be to effectively implement changes in the policies, a work-study and a fast track pilot project should be conducted. From this, job descriptions should be developed that make provision for the incumbent’s role within the team. Consideration should also be given to the incentive system that currently only makes provision for individual performance and could hamper teamwork.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die veranderinge in kinder- en jeugsorgbeleide oor die laaste vyftien jaar het diepgaande gevolge ingehou vir personeel by Jeugsorg- en Onderwyssentrums (hierna verwys as JSOS). Hierdie veranderinge het sistemiese en filosofiese veranderings, asook verandering in die wyse waarop dienste gelewer word, aan kinders en jeug in hul sorg, meegebring. Dit word dus van die spanlede verwag om nie net hul gedrag nie, maar ook hul denkwyse te verander. Die mandate vervat in die beleide is dat personeel skuif van werk in silos (opvoeders, residensiële opvoeders en ondersteuningspan) na werk in spanne; van die lewer van generiese dienste tot die ontwikkeling van individuale planne vir kinders en jeug; van die volg van ‘n mediese benadering aangaande dienslewering tot ‘n sterkte-gebaseerde- en ontwikkelingsbenadering. Waar daar in die verlede ‘n strafgerigte benadering gevolg is moet daar nou beweeg word na ‘n helende benadering. Verder het die klem op kinderregte in die algemeen, en die afskaf van lyfstraf in besonder, veranderings meegebring in die aard van die volwasse-kind verhouding. Dit was verwag van die spanlede om te leer om alternatiewes tot die vorm van straf aan te leer. Die studie het ondersoek ingestel na hoe lede van die inrigtingsgebaseerde span by die vier JSOS in die Weskaap die implementering van veranderde kinder- en jeugbeleid ervaar. ‘n Gekombineerde kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiwe navorsing metodologie was gevolg in die insamel van data van die residensiële opvoeders, die opvoeders en die lede van die ondersteuningspan (sielkundiges, skool maatskaplike werkers, arbeidsterapeute en skool verpleegkundiges). Die vertrekpunt was the organisasieleer model en die fases van spanontwikkeling. Bevindings wat gemaak is uit die empiriese studie was dat die verskille tussen die wyse waarop die deelnemers die veranderde beleid aanvaar en implementeer het baie te doen gehad het met die mate van leiding wat die prinsipaal en senior bestuur vir hul gegee het. Waar die prinsipaal die toon aangegee het en die boodskap oorgedra het dat die implementering van die beleide nie onderhandelbaar was nie en personeellede die geleentheid gebied is om die veranderings deeglik te bespreek, het hul geleidelik ingekoop in die veranderde werkswyses. Waar die prinsipaal rigting en ondersteuning vir die implementering van die veranderde beleid gebied het, het die deelnemers veilig en bemagtig gevoel. Waar die ondersteuning egter ontbreek het, het die deelnemers onseker en, tot ’n mate, in die steek gelaat gevoel. Wanneer ‘n gedeelde visie oorgedra is aan hulle was die deelnemers in staat om hul persoonlike visies in lyn te bring daarmee. Dit het verder aanleiding gegee tot beter begrip vir hul rolle binne die span. Waar deelnemers egter nie duidelik was oor die gedeelde visie nie, het dit geblyk dat hulle probleme gehad het met rolverdeling, status en magaangeleenthede in die span. Wanneer spanlede oorgelaat is aan hul eie lot het ‘n mate van persoonlike bemeestering nog plaasgevind as gevolg van die persoonlike toewyding van individue, maar spanleer was óf beperk óf feitlik afwesig. Sisteem denke was steeds ‘n struikelblok as gevolg van die vorming van subgroepe binne die JSOS en die beperkte of afwesige dienslewering deur eksterne maatskaplike wekers aan gesinne van die kinders en jong mense. Die belangrikste aanbevelings, wat voortspruit uit die studie, dui aan dat voorsiening gemaak moet word vir raamwerke vir die implementering van beleidsveranderings en riglyne vir spanprosesse. Om te verseker dat nuwe personeel ingelig is omtrent die beleide wat hul dienslewering rig moet ‘n oriënteringsprogram in plek wees. Opleiding van prinsipale in die effektiewe bekendstelling en implementering van veranderings moet ook voorsien word. Om vas te stel wat die aanvulling vir personeel moet wees om die veranderings in die beleid te implementeer, behoort ‘n werkstudie en ‘n snel loodsprojek onderneem word. Hieruit kan pligstate opgestel word wat voorsiening maak vir die ampsdraer se rol in spanverband. Oorweging moet geskenk word aan die aansporingstelsel wat tans net voorsiening maak vir individuele werksverrigting en wat spanwerk kan strem.

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Van, Niekerk Petrus. "An exploratory analysis of youth leadership development in South Africa : theoretical and programmatic perspectives." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86248.

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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A major societal challenge in post-1994 South Africa is that of questionable public leadership and the scarcity of ethical and effective leadership. Coupled with this are high expectations from the public directed at government institutions, which need to respond to the basic needs of citizens, and private business institutions, which need to create and sustain economic activity in an often uncertain environment. These transitional challenges call for outstanding leadership in public and private institutions. However, one can make a justified and evidence-based argument that the state of leadership in South Africa, particularly in the public sector, is not living up to these expectations. Added to this challenge of poor leadership is a youthful population that faces numerous challenges. However, from the youth of today the leaders of tomorrow are to emerge. South Africa and Africa as a whole are experiencing a youth population boom; a phenomenon that has been classified as having the potential to either be a demographic dividend or a ticking time bomb. In order to promote the development of youths, the South African government has attempted to respond to the multiplicity of challenges facing the youth by instituting the National Youth Act; a National Youth policy; the National Youth Service and a National Youth Development Agency (NYDA). This research submits evidence that the effectiveness of these interventions has not been satisfactory and that they do not include the intentional development of emerging South African leaders. The question, therefore, arises as to whether intentional development of future emerging leaders should not be taking place on a greater scale and in such a manner so as to ensure an improved leadership landscape in the future. This question necessitates exploratory inquiry into the phenomenon of youth leadership development in South Africa and represents the central theme of this research. Non-governmental organizations and university-based institutions have created leadership development programmes that target an emerging leaders' cadre in South Africa. These programmes are structured in different ways, but all have a leadership curriculum with theoretical and practical elements in common. The goal of this research will be to conduct an exploratory analysis of this emerging South African youth leadership development practice and to provide a theoretical and programmatic perspective on it based on an analysis of two case studies. The research is divided into four sequential phases. The first phase consists of a theoretical review of the concepts of leadership and youth leadership development. The second phase analyzes the context and challenges of South Africa’s youth and youth leadership development. The third and fourth phases transpose the theoretical and contextual analysis with youth leadership development practice in South Africa. This is done by means of the analysis of two case studies and the responses gathered from a semi-structured questionnaire answered by a sample population of emerging South African leaders. The cases analyzed are the South Africa Washington International Programme, a non-governmental organization specialising in developing emerging South African leaders, and the Frederik van Zyl Slabbert Institute for Student Leadership Development of Stellenbosch University. The research showed that the concept of youth leadership development is theoretically underdeveloped, and limited information could be derived from the American literature on college student development. The research also indicated that the scale of youth leadership development in South Africa is relatively small. However, programmes developed and implemented by non-government organizations and tertiary-based institutions suggest an emerging practice of youth leadership development in the country. This emerging practice is not well researched in the South African context. In response, this study succeeds in highlighting a number of knowledge gaps that could address this lack. The research concludes with evidence that suggests that an investment in the professionalization of youth leadership development programmes will result in a future generation of ethical and effective South African leaders that will bring about positive transformational change in the Republic.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Twyfelagtige openbare leierskap en die skaarsheid van etiese en effektiewe leierskap is ’n wesenlike maatskaplike uitdaging in post-1994 Suid-Afrika. Tesame met hierdie het die publiek hoë verwagtinge vanaf die regering, wat nodig het om te reageer op basiese behoeftes van landsburgers, en vanaf ’n sakesektor, wat ekonomiese aktiwiteite moet bewerkstellig in soms volatiele omstandighede. Hierdie oorgangsuitdagings vra vir uitstaande leierskap in openbare en private instellings. ’n Regverdige en bewys-gebaseerde argument kan gemaak word dat die toestand van leierskap in Suid-Afrika, veral in die openbare sektor, nie aan verwagtinge vir goeie leierskap voldoen nie. Bykomend tot hierdie uitdaging van swak leierskap is ’n jong bevolking wat talle uitdagings in die gesig staar. Die jeug van vandag is egter die groepering waaruit toekomstige leiers te voorskyn kom. Suid-Afrika en Afrika in geheel beleef ’n oplewing van jeug populasie en hierdie verskynsel word deur sommige geklassifiseer as ’n moontlike demografiese dividend of ’n tydbom met negatiewe implikasies vir sosio-ekonomiese stabiliteit. Ten einde die jeug te bevorder wend die Suid-Afrikaanse regering pogings aan om te reageer op die verskeidenheid van jeug uitdagings deur die instelling van die Nasionale Jeug Wet, Nasionale Jeug beleid, die Nasionale Jeugdiens en ’n Nasionale Jeugontwikkelingsagentskap. Hierdie navorsing lê bewyse dat die doeltreffendheid van hierdie intervensies nie bevredigend is nie en fokus nie op doelgerigte ontwikkeling van opkomende Suid-Afrikaanse leiers nie. Die vraag ontstaan dus of doelgerigte ontwikkeling van toekomstige opkomende leiers nie op ’n groter skaal en op so ’n wyse moet plaasvind om ’n beter leierskapslandskap in die toekoms te verseker nie? Hierdie vraag skep ’n geleentheid vir ’n verkennende ondersoek na die verskynsel van jeugleierskapsontwikkeling in Suid-Afrika en verteenwoordig die sentrale tema van hierdie navorsing. ’n Beperkte aantal nie-regeringsorganisasies en universiteit-gebaseerde organisasies is geskep om jeugleierskapsontwikkeling programme te bestuur wat gemik is op die ontwikkeling van ’n opkomende leierskader in Suid-Afrika. Hierdie programme is gestruktureer in verskillende maniere, maar het elk ’n leierskapskurrikulum met teoretiese en praktiese elemente in gemeen. Die doel van hierdie navorsing is om ’n verkennende analise te doen oor hierdie opkomende Suid-Afrikaanse jeugleierskapsontwikkeling praktyk en om ’n teoretiese en programmatiese perspektief hiervoor te verskaf, gebaseer op ’n ontleding van twee gevallestudies. Die navorsing is verdeel in vier opeenvolgende fases. Die eerste fase bestaan uit ’n teoretiese oorsig van die konsep van leierskap en jeugleierskapsontwikkeling. Die tweede fase ontleed die konteks en uitdagings van Suid-Afrika se jeug en jeugleierskapsontwikkeling. Die derde en vierde fases integreer die teoretiese en kontekstuele analise met jeugleierskapsontwikkeling praktyk in Suid-Afrika. Dit word gedoen deur middel van ontleding van twee gevallestudies en ontleding van terugvoer verkry deur ’n semi-gestruktureerde vraelys wat beantwoord is deur ’n steekproef bevolking van opkomende Suid-Afrikaanse leiers. Die gevalle ontleed is die Suid-Afrikaanse Washington Internasionale Program (SAWIP), ’n nie-regeringsorganisasie wat spesialiseer in die ontwikkeling van opkomende Suid-Afrikaanse leiers, en die Frederik van Zyl Slabbert Instituut vir Studente Leierskapsontwikkeling van die Universiteit Stellenbosch. Die navorsing het getoon dat die konsep van jeugleierskapsontwikkeling teoreties onderontwikkeld is met beperkte studies wat in die Amerikaanse literatuur oor studente-ontwikkeling gevind is. Die navorsing het ook aangedui dat die skaal van jeugleierskapsontwikkeling in Suid-Afrika relatief klein is, hoewel programme wat ontwikkel en geïmplementeer word deur nie-regeringsorganisasies en tersiêr-gebaseerde instellings dui op ’n opkomende praktyk van die jeugleierskapsontwikkeling in die land. Hierdie opkomende praktyk is nie goed bestudeer in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks nie. In reaksie slaag die studie daarin om ’n aantal kennisgapings in hierdie verband te beklemtoon. Die navorsing sluit af met bewyse wat daarop dui dat ’n belegging in die professionalisering en formalisering van jeugleierskapsontwikkeling as ’n praktyk sal lei tot ’n toekomstige generasie van etiese en effektiewe Suid-Afrikaanse leiers wat positiewe transformasie in die Republiek teweeg sal bring.

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Whitcombe, J. E. "Policy, service delivery and institutional design : the case of New Zealand's social sector government agencies, 1984-2007 : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Public Policy /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/589.

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18

Ekholm, David. "Sport as a Means of Responding to Social Problems : Rationales of Government, Welfare and Social Change." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Socialt arbete, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130783.

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Sport has been increasingly recognized in social policy as a means of steering social change and as a method for responding to diverse social problems. The present study examines how rationales of social change are formed through ‘sport as a means of responding to social problems’. Four research questions are posed: (1) How is it that sport can be thought of and articulated as a means of responding to social problems? (2) How are sport practices assumed to operate as a means of responding to social problems? (3) How are social problems represented when sport is promoted as a means of response? (4) What conduct, subjectivity and citizen competences are shaped within this regime of practice? The study focuses on the government of subjects’ conduct, the formation of community and delineation of domains subjected to social change. The gradual shifts in the governmental rationality of the Swedish welfare state provide a framework for the study. Two kinds of empirical material are investigated. Initially, scientific knowledge is analysed; after this, a sport-based intervention, conducted in cooperation between a social entrepreneur, municipality and local sport clubs, is examined. In relation to scientific discourse, research on sport for social objectives would benefit from more theoretically driven constructionist perspectives related to welfare state transformations. In scientific discourse, rationales of social change in sport are conceived of as individual attainment of skills, competences and powers that are presumably transferable to other social spheres. Such discourse represents problems as individual problems. With respect to the sport-based intervention, individual change is promoted by representatives of the social entrepreneur in terms of providing subjects with motivational powers, which are shaped by role models and applied in “choosing the right track”. By representing problems as risks, avoidance is formed as an individual opportunity. This positions subjects as being responsible for their own welfare and inclusion. Municipal policy makers view the intervention as a way to form community and social cohesion in response to tensions in society. They present sport (and the social entrepreneur) as a way to mobilize and activate civil society – which is associated with the potency of voluntarism, authentic leadership and personal relations based on common identity. Consequently, responsibility for responding to social problems is spread and elements of de-professionalized social work are imposed. To conclude, sport is conceptualized as a means of responding to social problems because sport practices are associated with individual agency and with an active civil society and moral community. The technologies and rationality of social change point out ‘the self’, ‘the community’ and ‘the place’ as locations where social change is possible, rather than the whole of society. For instance, the technologies of social change are based on activation and responsibilization of ‘the self’ and of ‘the community’. These rationales of social change are based on a critique of welfarist governmentality and of the idea of governing from ‘the social’ point of view. Arguably, such discourse obscures more profound social reform. The study provides some empirical explorations illustrating how a range of tendencies and mutations in the governmental rationality of the welfare state and of social work are manifested in ‘sport as a means of responding to social problems’.
De senaste åren har idrott alltmer kommit att betraktas som ett socialpolitiskt verktyg med förväntningar om att åstadkomma social förändring och bidra till att lösa sociala problem. I den här avhandlingen undersöks hur den sociala förändringens rationalitet formas i relation till idén om ’idrott som en lösning på sociala problem’. Detta görs genom fyra frågeställningar: (1) Hur har idrott blivit möjligt att betrakta som en lösning på sociala problem? (2) Hur förmodas idrott i praktiken fungera som en lösning på sociala problem? (3) Hur representeras sociala problem när idrott lyfts fram som en lösning? (4) Vilken typ av uppförande, subjektivitet och medborgerliga färdigheter fostras genom att använda idrott som en lösning på social problem? Särskilt fokuseras på styrning av individers uppförande, skapande av gemenskap och sammanhållning samt gränsskapande kring vilka domäner som kan utsättas för förändring. Undersökningarna relateras till mer övergripande förändringar i den svenska välfärdsstatens styrningsrationalitet. Två empiriska material har undersökts: dels den vetenskapliga diskursen, dels olika företrädares beskrivningar av en idrottsbaserad välfärdsintervention för unga i risk för problem och exkludering, en verksamhet som sker i samverkan mellan en social entreprenör, kommun och föreningsliv. Avhandlingen pekar på vikten av teoretiskt driven forskning med konstruktionistiska perspektiv relaterade till välfärdsstatens och socialpolitikens förändring. I den vetenskapliga diskursen lyfts social förändring fram med avseende på individuell förändring genom tillägnande av färdigheter som antas kunna användas även i andra sociala sammanhang. Denna förståelse iscensätter de adresserade problemen som individuella problem. I idrottsledarnas beskrivningar av den sociala interventionen kan ungdomar motiveras individuellt, bygga självförtroende och självkänsla, genom att identifiera sig med positiva förebilder och ledare. Detta blir viktigt för att kunna ”välja rätt väg i livet”. Genom att framställa problem som risker blir de möjliga för individen att undvika. Detta positionerar ungdomarna som själva ansvariga för sin välfärd och inkludering. I politikernas beskrivningar lyfts idrotten fram som ett sätt att skapa gemenskap och sammanhållning som ett svar på spänningar och oro. Genom idrotten (och den sociala entreprenören) kan man mobilisera civilsamhällets föreningsliv vilket associeras med frivillighet, autentiskt ledarskap samt personliga och moraliska band baserade på gemensam identitet. Därmed kan ansvaret för att hantera sociala problem spridas mellan olika aktörer, något som även kan bidra till informalisering och de-professionalisering av det sociala arbetet. Sammanfattningsvis kan idrott konceptualiseras som en lösning på sociala problem därför att dess praktiker associeras med individuell aktivering samt med ett aktivt civilsamhälle som bygger på moralisk fostran och gemenskap. Den sociala förändringens teknologier och rationalitet pekar ut ‘självet’, ‘gemenskapen’ och ‘platsen’ som de domäner där förändring bedöms vara möjlig. Den sociala förändringens rationalitet bygger på aktivering och ansvarsgörande av ‘självet’ och ‘gemenskapen’. Styrningsrationaliteten bygger på en långtgående kritik av välfärdsstatens sätt att styra där samhället i sin helhet betraktas som målpunkt. Genom sådan diskurs skyms mer genomgående samhällsförändringar. Avhandlingen utforskar empiriskt och illustrerar hur en rad tendenser och mutationer i välfärdsstatens styrningsrationalitet och i det sociala arbetet kommer till uttryck genom ‘idrott som en lösning på sociala problem’.

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Notley, Tanya M. "The role of online networks in supporting young people's digital inclusion and the implications for Australian government policies." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/19097/2/Tanya_Notley_Citation.pdf.

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This study examines young people’s internet access and use in nine locations in Queensland, Australia. The primary aim of the research is to assess if internet use supports young people’s social inclusion: that is, if internet use supports young people to participate in society in ways they have most reason to value. The research findings demonstrate that the digital divide in Queensland – the gap between citizens with and without access to ICTs – continues to inhibit young people’s ability to participate online. This divide is embedded within historic, economic, social and cultural inequalities. To address this, this study proposes that a digital inclusion framework, founded on the concept of social inclusion, offers the Australian federal and state governments an opportunity to extend digital divide policies so that they connect with and complement broader social policy goals. The research outcomes also illustrate that creative uses of online networks provide a powerful means through which young people can participate in a networked society. While young people’s access to a range of ICTs impacts on their ability to use online networks, gradations of use, social networks and informal learning contexts frequently act as mediators to support effective internet use. This study contends that by understanding the social benefits of young people’s online network use and the role that mediators play in different environments, we can move towards a policy framework that supports equitable opportunities for young people’s digital inclusion.

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Notley, Tanya M. "The role of online networks in supporting young people's digital inclusion and the implications for Australian government policies." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/19097/.

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This study examines young people’s internet access and use in nine locations in Queensland, Australia. The primary aim of the research is to assess if internet use supports young people’s social inclusion: that is, if internet use supports young people to participate in society in ways they have most reason to value. The research findings demonstrate that the digital divide in Queensland – the gap between citizens with and without access to ICTs – continues to inhibit young people’s ability to participate online. This divide is embedded within historic, economic, social and cultural inequalities. To address this, this study proposes that a digital inclusion framework, founded on the concept of social inclusion, offers the Australian federal and state governments an opportunity to extend digital divide policies so that they connect with and complement broader social policy goals. The research outcomes also illustrate that creative uses of online networks provide a powerful means through which young people can participate in a networked society. While young people’s access to a range of ICTs impacts on their ability to use online networks, gradations of use, social networks and informal learning contexts frequently act as mediators to support effective internet use. This study contends that by understanding the social benefits of young people’s online network use and the role that mediators play in different environments, we can move towards a policy framework that supports equitable opportunities for young people’s digital inclusion.

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Maseko, Thulani Norman. "The second transition : an analysis of the political rhetoric of the ANC and ANCYL." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020760.

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South Africa achieved its formal democracy through a negotiated settlement in 1994. Formal democracy focuses on liberty, rights and basic freedom such as freedom of speech, and the right to vote, amongst others, while substantive democracy focuses on equality, social justice, and the area of economic rights with a focus on reduction of poverty, unemployment and increased equality. It is within the substantive democratisation theoretical framework, that South Africa’s democratic achievement has not necessarily been as great as its political achievements in constructing a constitutional democracy. This is evident in the continued patterns of racialised inequality and poverty, as well as the increase in service delivery protest action, which can destabilise the democratic success achieved in 1994. The objective of economic development is to create an environment where people can enjoy economic stability, job security and health, and lead productive lives, on one hand. On the other hand, political development seeks to create an environment where people can enjoy peace, rule of law and freedom. Politics and economics therefore go hand in hand to attain wealth benefits for people and create a sufficient level of political stability within a transitioning context. South Africa has made some strides towards getting political stability and a democratic state, but much still needs to be done to reduce poverty, unemployment and inequality. Hence an argument stressing the need for a Second Transition or Economic CODESA has recently entered the sphere of political public debate. This project seeks to deconstruct and explain the discourse of the Second Transition and Economic CODESA. The studies found that centre to this debate are key redistributive issues. Poverty, inequality and unemployment are key substantive challenges that have the potential to undermine political stability if they are not effectively dealt with.

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Barreiro, Rafael Garcia. "Cenários públicos juvenis: o desenho dos Centros de Juventude nas ações da política brasileira." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6886.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:44:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5839.pdf: 1019756 bytes, checksum: c9bb8b93514d8137efa5592082133a94 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-24
Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
The Youth Centers were created from a project of the federal government in the late 1990s in order to function as spaces those offer information and activities in many fields, creating a living space for young. This work, from his affiliation with the Social Occupational Therapy, aimed to understand the consonance between the actions of the Youth Centers with the proposals and guidelines of the National Youth Policy, noting that in recent years, the national public agenda gained strength from the creation of the National Youth Secretariat. To cut this research, it has chosen the state of São Paulo because of your numerical and political representation in the country. To collecting data, the Juventude.SP electronic portal has consulted, bringing official information about the services for young people in the state of São Paulo, where four municipalities were identified with spaces called "Youth Centers", namely: Barretos, Jacarei, Santos and São Carlos. In this universe, semi-structured interviews were made with different political representatives of related to youth policies: one representative of the National Secretariat for Youth, Coordinator of Youth Programs for the State of São Paulo, municipal managers and coordinators of the four Youth Centers; to understand which is established by all political today for this population. The general results on the current youth policy brought a reflection about the discourses obtained at each governmental level, through topics such as: the concepts of youth assigned by managers, the understanding of the actions those are currently performed by different levels government, the relationship of those spaces with cash transfer programs, the definition of "youth leadership" and the goal of the Youth Centers. The distance in the positions of managers stayed evident, depending on the level of action taken by each institutional space. The discourse about the actions the federal and state levels is focused on ensuring the access of specific rights for this population, contrasting the actions performed in the municipalities, pointing their political agenda guided by the social assistance. It is evident that the focus should be designed on the principles of universality and access to rights, but it is still guided primarily in the logic of the cut of social class, targeted to young poor. In this context, the Youth Centers do a little interface with the National Youth Policy, being representative of care actions, through focus policies without unfolding the principles for nationally advertised rights for all young Brazilians.
Os Centros da Juventude são serviços criados a partir de um projeto do governo federal no fim da década de 1990 com o intuito de funcionarem como espaços que ofertariam informações e atividades em diversas áreas, criando um espaço de convivência para jovens. O presente trabalho, filiado à Terapia Ocupacional Social, teve como objetivo compreender a consonância entre as ações dos Centros da Juventude com as propostas e diretrizes da Política Nacional da Juventude, destacando que, nos últimos anos, a agenda pública nacional ganhou força com a criação da Secretaria Nacional da Juventude. Para o recorte dessa pesquisa, escolheu-se o estado de São Paulo, pela sua representatividade numérica e política frente ao âmbito nacional. Para a coleta de dados, foi consultado o portal eletrônico Juventude.SP, que ofertava informações oficiais sobre os serviços para jovens no estado de São Paulo, onde foram identificados quatro municípios com espaços denominados Centros da Juventude , a saber: Barretos, Jacareí, Santos e São Carlos. Nesse universo, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com representantes dos diferentes órgãos ligados às políticas para a juventude: um representante da Secretaria Nacional da Juventude, da Coordenadoria de Programas para a Juventude do estado de São Paulo, gestores municipais e coordenadores dos quatro Centros da Juventude; com o intuito de compreender o panorama estabelecido por toda política pensada atualmente para essa população. Os resultados gerais sobre a atual política para a juventude trouxeram uma reflexão sobre os discursos obtidos em cada nível governamental, por meio de temas como: os conceitos de juventude atribuídos pelos gestores, o entendimento sobre as ações que são executadas atualmente pelos diferentes níveis governamentais, a relação daqueles espaços com os programas de transferência de renda, a definição sobre protagonismo juvenil e o objetivo dos Centros da Juventude. Ficou evidenciado o distanciamento nos posicionamentos dos gestores, a depender do nível de ação efetuada por cada espaço institucional. O discurso sobre as ações nos níveis federal e estadual está focado na garantia ao acesso de direitos específicos para essa população, contrapondo as ações efetuadas nos municípios, que apontam sua agenda política pautada na assistência social. Evidencia-se que o foco, que deveria ser projetado nos princípios da universalidade e do acesso a direitos, ainda está pautado prioritariamente na lógica do recorte de classe social, direcionado aos jovens pobres. Nesse contexto, os Centros da Juventude pouco fazem interface com a Política Nacional de Juventude, sendo representativos de ações assistenciais, por meio de políticas focais, sem se desdobrar para os princípios nacionalmente anunciados de direitos para todos os jovens brasileiros.

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Xalisa, Qaqamba Yvonne. "An evaluation of the Masupa-Tsela Youth Pioneers Program implemented by the Eastern Cape Department of Social Development and Special Programs within Mhlontlo Local Municipality." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86608.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since the advent of democracy in South Africa, the government has prioritized youth development in the country. The strides made by government include setting up institutional arrangements, developing policies and implementing programmes targeting young people in the country. However, despite the efforts made to develop young people, the youth transition to adulthood is still extremely difficult, more especially for unemployed black females who reside in rural areas. Youth unemployment is the biggest problem affecting the youth in South Africa and globally, and the majority of the unemployed youth have been categorised as ‘Not in Education, Employment or Training’ (NEET). Being unemployed and also not being in education or training to prepare for future employment, limits future employability of the NEETs. The Department of Social Development and Special Programmes in the Eastern Cape Province implemented the Masupa-Tsela Youth Pioneers Programme (MYPP) to intervene in the high rate of youth unemployment in the Province. The programme in the Province was never evaluated and as a result there is no evidence of the success or failure of this youth programme. This study evaluates the implementation of the MYPP with a particular focus in Mhlontlo Local Municipality within O.R. Tambo District Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province. Mhlontlo Local Municipality is a rural municipality characterized by high youth unemployment, high youth poverty, low levels of education among youth and low literacy levels among adults. The purpose of the study was to explore and discover whether the intended outcomes of the MYPP were achieved and what the specific challenges of the youth were. Evaluation research is used in this study to explore the MYPP. Evaluation research assesses the conceptualization, implementation, and impact of development programmes and projects. The data collected during this study through focus groups, interviews, questionnaires, and document review, revealed that the programme mostly achieved its intended outcomes, although there are areas that need to be improved in the future implementation of the programme. However, the goals and outcomes of the MYPP were not adequate to address the size of the challenge. On the basis of the findings of this study the researcher recommends that youth development programmes should be implemented in the context of sustainable development and young people must be placed at the centre of that development as agents of change in their communities. The researcher also recommends outcomes based planning in the Department, up-scaling of the programme, regular evaluation of the design, implementation and results of a youth programme as well as improved participation of the youth in the programmes designed to improve their lives.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die regering het sedert die koms van demokrasie in Suid-Afrika jeugontwikkeling in die land geprioritiseer. Die vooruitgang wat gemaak is, sluit in die opstel van institusionele reëlings , die ontwikkeling van beleid en die implementering van programme wat gerig is tot jong mense in die land. Maar ten spyte van die pogings om jong mense te ontwikkel, vind die jeug die oorgang na volwassenheid nog steeds baie moeilik, veral vir werklose swart vroue wat in landelike gebiede woon . Werkloosheid onder jeug is die grootste probleem wat die jeug in Suid -Afrika en in die wêreld ondervind, en die meerderheid van die werklose jeug word gekategoriseer as "Nie in onderwys, beroep of opleiding nie' (NOBOe). Om werkloos te wees en ook nie in onderwys of opleiding om voor te berei vir toekomstige indiensneming nie, beperk toekomstige indiensneembaarheid van die NOBOe . Die Departement van Maatskaplike Ontwikkeling en Spesiale Programme in die Oos-Kaap het die Masupa Tsela - Jeug Pioneers Programme (MJPP) geïmplementeer om in te gryp in die hoë werkloosheidskoers onder die jeug in die Provinsie. Die programme in die provinsie is nooit geëvalueer en as gevolg is daar geen bewyse van die sukses of mislukking van hierdie jeug programme nie. Hierdie studie evalueer die implementering van die MJPP met 'n spesifieke fokus op Mhlontlo Plaaslike Munisipaliteit in die Tambo -distriksmunisipaliteit in die Oos-Kaap. Mhlontlo Plaaslike Munisipaliteit is 'n landelike munisipaliteit wat gekenmerk word deur hoë werkloosheid onder die jeug, hoë jeug armoede, lae vlakke van onderwys onder die jeug en lae vlakke van geletterdheid onder volwassenes . Die doel van die studie was om te ondersoek en vas te stel of die beoogde uitkomste van die MYPP bereik is en wat die spesifieke uitdagings van die jeug was. Evaluering navorsing is in hierdie studie gebruik om die MJPP te verken. Evalueringsnavorsing evalueer die konseptualisering, implementering en die impak van die ontwikkeling van programme en projekte . Die data wat ingesamel is tydens hierdie studie deur middel van fokusgroepe, onderhoude, vraelyste , en dokument hersiening, het aan die lig gebring dat die programme meestal sy doel bereik het, maar daar is gebiede van die implementering van die programme wat in die toekoms verbeter sal moet word. Maar die doelwitte en uitkomste van die MYPP was nie voldoende om die grootte van die uitdaging aan te spreek nie. Op grond van die bevindinge van hierdie studie beveel die navorser uitkomsgebaseerse beplanning in die Departement voor, vergroting van die programme , gereëlde evaluering van die ontwerp, implementering en resultate van 'n jeug programme sowel as die verbeterde deelname van die jeug in die programme wat ontwerp word om hul lewens te verbeter.

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Candotti, Fabio Magalhães 1983. "Em defesa da juventude = a participação como meio de governo." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280498.

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Orientador: Laymert Garcia dos Santos
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Nas ultimas décadas, no Brasil como em outros tantos países, pode-se notar uma importante expansão e intensificação de preocupações e de soluções relativas ao governo dos mais jovens, principalmente daqueles que entram nas estatísticas da pobreza. Em meio a tal acontecimento, ao menos um grande consenso ganhou forca e estabilidade, definindo um solo comum para controvérsias locais e globais. Trata-se da correspondência geral entre a dupla preocupação com a educação e com a socialização dos mais jovens e a dupla consideração das escolas e dos meios e programas culturais como soluções complementares entre si. Tomando por via de acesso pequenos e grandes acontecimentos da historia moderna, a tese se dedica a analisar esse consenso justamente como algo que toma forma por meio dessa relação entre problemas e soluções, ou seja, em função dos saberes e das técnicas que os definem. E na medida em que os saberes em questão são voltados ao governo de coletivos e relações humanas, a descrição desse consenso implica uma analise de sua articulação com certas relações de poder, com um mundo vivo de forcas que ele ajuda a ordenar mas que também o obrigam a ajustes imprevistos. Num primeiro momento, a tese descreve a maneira como um conjunto ou dispositivo técnico disciplinar opera a correspondência inicial entre um problema de educação e uma solução escolar. Em seguida, a analise se volta para a outra correspondência em questão, aquela entre um problema de socialização e uma solução cultural. Nesse caso, o conjunto técnico encontrado foi chamado de "participativo". Ao fim, e apresentada uma descrição do processo mais recente de generalização desse ultimo dispositivo como eixo político do consenso posto como ponto de partida
Abstract: In recent decades, in Brazil and many other countries, there is a significant growth and intensification of concerns and solutions for the government of young people, especially, those that hit the poverty statistics. In the midst of such an event, at least a broad consensus has gained strength and stability, defining a common ground for local and global controversies. This consensus is the general correspondence between, on one hand, the concerns about the education and socialization of young people and, on the other hand, the complementary solution of schools and cultural programs. Taking access by small and great events of modern history, the thesis is devoted to analyzing this consensus precisely as something that is built through this relationship between problems and concerns, namely, in terms of knowledge and techniques that define them. Considering that this knowledge and techniques are directed related to the government of people and human relations, the description of this consensus includes an analysis of their connections under certain power relationships with a living world that it helps to order, but also oblige unanticipated adjustments. In a first moment, the thesis describes how a set or disciplinary technical device operates the initial correspondence between the education as a problem and the school as a solution. After, the analysis turns to the other correspondence in question, the one between the socialization as a problem and the cultural programs as a solution. In this last case, the set or technical device was called "participatory". Finally, is presented a description of more recent process of generalization of the latter device as political axis of the consensus that we consider first
Doutorado
Sociologia
Doutor em Sociologia

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Mai, Dan T. "Sustaining family life in rural China : reinterpreting filial piety in migrant Chinese families." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8e679650-a857-4f3c-a5c1-770a1bff848e.

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This study explores the changing nature of filial piety in contemporary society in rural China. With the economic, social and political upheavals that followed the Revolution, can 'great peace under heaven' still be found for the rural Chinese family as in the traditional Confucian proverb,"make yourself useful, look after your family, look after your country, and all is peaceful under heaven"? This study explores this question, in terms not so much of financial prosperity, but of non-tangible cultural values of filial piety, changing familial and gender roles, and economic migration. In particular, it examines how macro level changes in economic, social and demographic policies have affected family life in rural China. The primary policies examined were collectivisation, the hukou registration system, marketization, and the One-Child policy. Ethnographic interviews reveal how migration has affected rural family structures beyond the usual quantifiable economic measures. Using the village of Meijia, Sichuan province, as a paradigmatic sample of family, where members have moved to work in the cities, leaving their children behind with the grandparents, the study demonstrates how migration and modernization are reshaping familial roles, changing filial expectations, reshuffling notions of care-taking, and transforming traditional views on the value of daughters and daughters-in-law. The study concludes that the choices families make around migration, child-rearing and elder-care cannot be fully explained by either an income diversification model or a survival model, but rather through notions of filial piety. Yet the concept of filial piety itself is changing, particularly in relation to gender and perceptions about the worth of daughters and the mother/ daughter-in-law relationship. Understanding these new family dynamics will be important for both policy planners and economic analysts.

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Martinson, Martti. "What is the enabling environment for local level youth participation? A comparative study of youth councils in the Australian state of Victoria and Estonia." Thesis, 2020. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/40988/.

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At a time of rapid change in the political involvement of young people, the creation of structures to facilitate the participation of young people in decision-making processes has been on the rise globally (Badham & Wade 2010; Farrow 2015). Youth councils are often created with the aim of representing the interests of young people in the community through advocacy, lobbying and provision of advice to decision-making bodies. At the same time the landscape of youth councils, particularly at a local government level, is varied and often lacking the evidence of best practice, an enabling environment and coordination. This mixed-methods comparative case study research analysed the current environment and context in which youth councils are operating, and the experiences of former and current members of youth councils and the professionals that support their work, in the Australian state of Victoria and in Estonia. Semi-structured interviews and an online survey across the two countries and in two languages were employed from 2016 until 2017 to map the experiences and identify youth councils’ successes, gaps and potential for improvement. Qualtrics software was used to collect, analyse and code the survey data; data from semi- structured interviews was coded manually. The coding process identified key nodes and sub- nodes. The results revealed that local level youth councils in Victoria and Estonia share many similarities, particularly in their aims, commonly undertaken activities and aspirations; however, there are also noticeable differences which can largely be attributed to the relevant legislative framework, policies, coordination mechanisms and resourcing for youth councils that exist in Estonia but not in Victoria. Through the results of this study, a framework for an enabling environment for youth councils was identified and conceptualised, using the Enabling Environment Index developed by CIVICUS (2013), the World Alliance for Citizen Participation, as a guide. The findings of this research also sought to provide an understanding of how the work of local level youth councils can be better supported and organised by policy, organisational and legislative measures to increase the effectiveness and benefits of these structures for young people and the community.

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Morgan, Anneline Lorencia. "An assessment of youth development from the National Youth Commission to the National Youth Development Agency." Thesis, 2014.

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Thesis (M.M. (Public Policy))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, Graduate School of Public and Development Management, 2013.
The South African population comprises largely of young people who make up 41.2% of the population (NYDA, 2011). The youth of the country are faced with many challenges such as unemployment; poverty; lack of skills to access the job market; limited access to education and social challenges related to HIV/AIDS; teenage pregnancies; substance abuse and crime. Since the new democratic government youth development has been a key priority for the country. The government made a concerted effort to respond to youth development by establishing the National Youth Commission (NYC) in 1996, the Umsobomvu Youth Fund (UYF) in 2001, and the National Youth Development Agency (NYDA) in 2009 which resulted as a merger of the NYC and UYF. The focus of the study was to assess youth development from the NYC to NYDA and whether the NYDA will be more effective in advancing youth development in the country. The study was of a qualitative nature and used semi-structured face to face and telephonic interviews to gather data. Secondary data was also gathered from policy documents, reports, and articles related to the topic. The key findings of the research indicated that the majority of the respondents or participants felt it was the right policy decision by government to merge the NYC and UYF to form the NYDA. It was also indicated that the funding allocated to support the NYDA was not sufficient for it to fulfil its mandate according to the NYDA Act of 2008 to facilitate, coordinate and implement youth development programmes. The majority of the respondents also felt that the NYDA needed to play a more active role to better coordinate and mainstream youth development in all spheres of government.

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Kampala, Chrispin Chikumbutso. "An implementation study of the National Youth Policy : a case study of the Youth Advisory Programme in the National Youth Development Agency, Pietermaritzburg Office." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8425.

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Youth development in South Africa remains one of the greatest challenges. Due to the legacy of apartheid policies and the existing gaps in current policies, most young people still face socio-economic challenges, such as a high rate of unemployment, poverty, lack of business opportunities, lack of skills and a high rate of HIV infection, among other health-related challenges. The advent of democracy transformed the government’s response to the needs of young people. New policies and legislative documents have been formulated since 1994. As part of constant efforts to promote youth welfare, in November 2008, the government launched the National Youth Policy (NYP). The policy stands as an essential guiding tool for youth development in the country. It stresses that mainstreaming youth development requires not only transformation of municipal structures, but also a deliberate willingness of leaders, and that their existing economic policies, strategies, programmes and institutions consider youth priorities. The government established the National Youth Development Agency (NYDA) to spearhead co-ordination of youth development. In the Msunduzi Municipality, NYDA is guided by the Youth Advisory Programme that translates the policy at a local level. The purpose of this research was to ascertain whether or not the NYP is being implemented in the municipality through the Youth Advisory Programme. Through a case study done at the NYDA office, the findings indicate that the programme focuses on economic empowerment. First, activities concentrate on career development, which is mainly directed at technical skills, writing and communication skills of the youth, both in and out of school. Second, activities concentrate on entrepreneurial development, which means increasing entrepreneurial culture, business managerial capacities and book-keeping, thereby contributing to sustainable human development. However, for the programme to be effective, it needs a holistic approach to development. It must thus focus on all four pillars of the NYP, namely health and wellbeing, education, economic empowerment and social cohesion. For this to happen, the NYDA needs both financial and human resources, which currently, are under-resourced. Shortage of human and financial resources will continue to hamper youth development in the branch.
Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2011.

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"Youth and employment : an analysis of South African government youth policies with a focus on eThekwini Municipality." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/797.

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The youth transition is not just a critical time for an individual but also to one’s family, the greater society and economy. The category “youth” in simple terms can be regarded as the transition in the life cycle from childhood and schooling into adulthood and work. Employment is one of the key factors that guide the youth transition into adulthood – from dependency upon family and community to greater independence and ability to secure one’s own livelihood. If a young person is unable to gain access into the labour market within the first 10 to 12 years, statistically, she will be less likely to have long-term employment throughout her lifetime. These are crucial years to providing mechanisms that actively engage youth in job preparation and employment opportunities. This research explores relevant youth-employment policy and its implementation in a South African local municipality of eThekwini. Research questions were developed to analyse the vertical and horizontal impact of policies at the local level and ask: What measures within national youth policies and strategies have been instituted to address barriers to youth employability in South Africa? Are national youth policies reaching the local level? What approaches have been taken to encourage youth employment at the local level, and what challenges exist in these approaches? The literature review, analysis of policy documents, and semi-structured in-depth interviews with government officials provide a guided yet flexible exploration of information within the context of local implementation of national and local policies for youth employment. Findings reveal an obvious gap between national youth programmes and their connection to municipality departments and programmes. The research process found that in spite of the lack of national services at a local level, the eThekwini Municipality has created its own youth policy and developed its own ways of providing youth services. While the research does unveil a lack of coordination concurrent to the local youth policy outcomes, it can be seen to be taking innovative steps of empowering individuals towards employment opportunities. The study concludes by acknowledging the recent changes in national strategies for youth. It questions whether these national changes will impact youth at the local level or just continue to provide policy that lacks implementation.
Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

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Chen, Ai Chu, and 陳愛珠. "A Study of the Relationship between the Government Entrepreneurial Education Policy and Youth Entrepreneurial Abilities." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78512302933298470074.

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碩士
國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
97
The policy options have three alternatives composed of schooling, administration resources and social resources, which are critical factors affecting entrepreneurial ability. Therefore, an entrepreneurial education simulation and evaluation model is presented, which is designed for the assessment of policy options aiming to achieve feasibility in entrepreneurial education. According to the higher education of the 21th century: prospective and action manifesto, to cultivate entrepreneurship skill and active attitude is the main mission for higher education organization. In this research we find the 11 factors, belonging to 3 constructs, influence entrepreneurial education quality. They are program content, disciplined teacher, foreign study or exchange student, entrepreneurial competition, practical training, related authority of entrepreneurship education, guidance of entrepreneurship incubation, NGO, incubation center and intermediate organization. The AHP is applied to determine the elements of entrepreneurship ability. The decision group members have 7 experts, 5 scholars and 5 directors whom to promote the entrepreneurial education has professional opinion. An application of questionnaire acquires viewpoints of the decision group on the promotion of entrepreneurship. In our research, the first priority alternative to promote the entrepreneurship education is social resource, and the second is to popularize incubation center.

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"青年失業與社會排斥風險: 一項關於社會融合的社會政策研究." Thesis, 2005. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6074061.

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This study uses grounded theory method to explore how effective China's social policy in promoting social integration through an investigation of the social consequences of youth unemployment in Shanghai. Research questions include: What is the impact of unemployment on the social integration of young people in Shanghai? What are the roles of state welfare institution and family system in the influencing process? The results show that the unemployed young persons in Shanghai face the risks of social exclusion in their lives, such as, access to state welfare, economic condition, consumption, leisure activities, time structure, social relations, and life transition. The reason for the emergence of these risks is that the state gives the highest priority to system integration and shifts its unemployment protection obligation to the family without well-developed family-supportive polices to assure and promote the realization of the protecting function of family. Thus, under the current framework of social policy, family becomes the primary social institution to promote social integration among the unemployed youth. However, the realization of family protecting function is not automatic inevitable, but a negotiated consequence of the harmonic interaction among family economic resource, family structure, family obligation and family relationship. The failure of family support would make the young unemployed socially excluded. This study suggests that China's social policy should emphasize both system integration as well as social integration: establishing the social right value based upon fair reciprocity of rights and responsibilities, formulating family-supportive polices, and applying the perspective of "new social policy" to broaden the scope of social policy interventions.
曾群.
論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2005.
參考文獻(p. 251-267).
Adviser: Ngan-pun Ngai.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: A, page: 2756.
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstracts also in English.
School code: 1307.
Lun wen (Zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2005.
Can kao wen xian (p. 251-267).
Zeng Qun.

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Mudimu, Rufaro. "The role of civil society organisations in the implementation of youth policy in South Africa." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23365.

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Research Report submitted to the University of the Witwatersrand, School of Governance in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Management in Public and Development Management (50% Research)
Since the development of the World Programme of Action for Youth to the year 2000 and Beyond (United Nations, 2010), youth and the associated development issues that affect and are effected by them have risen to prominence. In South Africa, 66% of the population are under the age of 34 (the cut-off age for youth), and 36% are between the ages of 15-34 years old, and there is a general perception and concern that current youth policy is failing (Maupa, 2013; NUMSA Bulletin basic, 2014; Setiloane, 2014; South African Broadcasting Corporation, 2011). From anecdotal evidence, personal experience as a youth development practitioner and brief analysis of the literature, there appears to be limited strategic and deliberate engagement of youth and youth-oriented CSOs in the youth policy formulation and implementation process. The purpose of this research is to explore the perceived and real barriers to the involvement of CSOs in youth policy implementation in South Africa. A policy implementation research lens is applied in a broad analysis of the National Youth Policy 2015-2020 and its implementation, exploration of the involvement of CSOs in the policy process and assessment of perceived and real barriers of involvement for CSOs. The research study was an attempt to address the identified knowledge gap regarding youth policy implementation in the South African context (O’Toole, 2000; Saetren, 2005) and the potential role of civil society in that policy process. To some extent, the data, findings and analysis discussed addressed the knowledge gap in that they described how the youth policy is being implemented; identified the key role players in the implementation, and the ways in which civil society may be involved. The research findings and analysis answered the research questions, revealing the barriers to civil society, the nature of youth and CSO engagement by government. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the policy implementation, youth engagement, and civil society involvement, providing clarity and recommendations that may enhance youth participation and civil society and state partnership in policy implementation.
MT2017

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Thwala, Phakamile. "Management and implementation of youth development programmes in Mpumalanga province: an evaluation of the National Youth Service (NYS) programme implemented by the Department of Public Works." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/20821.

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Research Report submitted in accordance with the requirements For the degree of Master of Management (MM) in the subject Public and Development Management at University of Witwatersrand MARCH 2015
This study evaluated the management and implementation of the National Youth Service (NYS) Programme launched in July 1997 by the Department of Public Works (DoPW) in Mpumalanga Province. It explored the implementation challenges affecting the NYS over three year period. In order to respond to the above the research applied different qualitative data collection and analytical methods. The research found implementation challenges including, a lack of NYS Implementing structure in the responsible Department, poor planning and allocation of requisite financial resources leading to delayed payment of stipend for learners plus procurement challenges. Further, the study went on evaluate outcomes of the NYS in relation to both its objectives and to the specific objectives of the implementing agent i.e., DoPW in order to thereby draw lessons learnt and best practices for management and implementation of youth development programmes. The researcher concludes by observing that the NYS programme has great potential for employment creation and skill development for the intended beneficiaries. However, the NYS implementation requires intensive planning, resource allocation, training of implementing staff and timeous payments of beneficiaries as key success factors to the programme

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Purcell, Aquinas John. "Audit committee effectiveness in Victorian local government." Thesis, 2012. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/21442/.

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The tenets of local government are based on strong financial probity, adherence to independence principles to avoid conflict of interest and conformance to ethical principles. This thesis addresses the issue of possible corruption and misconduct in local government, with particular reference to the role of the audit committee. The primary research question is: ‘Do audit committees in Victorian local government function effectively?’ The secondary research question is: ‘Do the investigations into local government maladministration and malfeasance enhance governance and the audit committee’s effectiveness?’ Qualitative and quantitative data were collected to develop a model of audit committee effectiveness through a pilot survey, research questionnaire and interviews.

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Kaplan-Myrth, Nili. "Hard Yakka : a study of the community-government relations that shape Australian Aboriginal health policy and politics /." 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=765029031&Fmt=7&clientId%20=43258&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2004.
Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Yale University in candidacy for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliography. Preview available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=765029031&Fmt=7&clientId%20=43258&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Richardson, Linda Louise. "The mutual obligation initiative and the income support dynamics of young unemployment benefit recipients : an empirical analysis." Phd thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148472.

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Alharbi, Mohammad. "Developing workplace competencies for Saudi Arabia's youth." Thesis, 2014. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/26223/.

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This study explores Saudi Arabian youth employment training programs and identifies factors that may present constraints or opportunities for school leavers training for vocational employment in the largest Saudi business sector, small to medium-sized firms. It also explores the influence of Saudisation and Nitaqat on youth employment programs.

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Khuzwayo, Sipho Zephaniah. "The effectiveness of youth participation in the integrated development planning formulation process in the Umzumbe Municipality." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9687.

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The abolishment of apartheid government, brought a new era of democratic government in South Africa, which sought to recognise the rights of all people and restored their dignity. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa was promulgated in 1996. Fundamental to this is the Bill of Rights which is a cornerstone of democracy in South Africa. It enshrines the rights of all people in our country and affirms the democratic values of human dignity, equality and freedom. Chapter 7 of the Constitution, as part of the objects of local government, encourages the involvement of communities in the matters of local government. Besides the Constitution, there are various pieces of local government of legislation, which deals with the administration component of the municipality and which provides for the political establishment of municipalities. Legislation calls for municipalities to develop a culture of community participation and requires municipalities to encourage and create conditions for participation in the affairs of the municipality in formulating Integrated Development Plans. Using Umzumbe Municipality under the auspices of Ugu District Municipality as case study, the study critically examined the effectiveness of youth participation in municipal ward Integrated Development Plan (IDP) formulation process. It focused on examining the attitudes and experience of youth in participating on IDP formulation processes. The study also examined the extent to which the youth participation guiding principles have been implemented and evaluate the effectiveness of existing youth structures. This study also investigated the level of youth understanding on the powers and functions of different spheres of government. The lack of youth participation in service delivery projects will defeat the democratic constitutional imperatives, which are also enshrined in municipal legislation. The issues raised by this study determines as to whether the regulatory and legislative frameworks are understood by the youth, and also this study will evaluate, the effectiveness of the existing youth participation mechanisms at a municipal at a ward level.
Thesis (MPA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2011.

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Dolan, Timothy. "The politics of life cycles : service as a rite of passage to adult citizenship." Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/10122.

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Dube, Itumeleng Peter. "Policy design and implementation : a case study of the Business Management Training Programme at the National Youth Development Agency." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27160.

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Entrepreneurship education and training ensures economic development by enabling the creation of thriving new businesses and jobs by entrepreneurs. The Business Management Training Programme is tasked with training young entrepreneurs in South Africa. However, the youth unemployment rate has been exceedingly high in recent years. This study seeks to explore the implementation challenges being experienced by the Business Management Training Programme at the National Youth Development Agency. Using a qualitative approach, this study made use of semi-structured interviews with a carefully selected sample of those involved in the management and implementation of the Business Management Training Programme. A thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews indicated that the challenges experienced in the implementation of the programme did not stem solely from operational issues within the National Youth Development Agency, but from the conceptualisation and design of the Business Management Training Programme. On this basis, it is recommended that the National Youth Development Agency use the Design and Architecture Framework for Entrepreneurship Education and Training to conceptualise and design their own Business Management Training Programme. The study concluded that by conceptualising and designing its own programme, the National Youth Development Agency will be able to address the unique entrepreneurial education and training challenges being experienced in South Africa.
Public Administration and Management
M. (Public Administration)

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Добровольская, Ю. А., and Yu A. Dobrovolskaya. "Media relations как GR-технология продвижения молодежных проектов : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/40459.

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The dissertation «Media relations as the GR-technology of promotion of youth projects" represents a scientific analysis and practical recommendations about GR-improvement for youth projects. The method based by analysis media-relations’s part. As a result, the author defines the part of media-communication for government- relations, that can be provide the fundamental basis for the further implementation of the GR-activity and solves many keys in the promotion of youth projects .
Диссертация «Media relations как GR-технология продвижения молодежных проектов» представляет комплексный научный анализ и практические рекомендации по совершенствованию GR-коммуникаций в продвижении молодежных проектов на основе определения и анализа потенциала media relations. В результате автор определяет роль медиа-коммуникаций в GR-деятельности, которая состоит в обеспечении фундаментальной основы для дальнейшей реализации GR-деятельности и решает ряд ключевых задач в продвижении молодежных инициатив.

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Barker, Justin David. "Everywhere but nowhere : the lives of homeless youth in Canberra." Phd thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148423.

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Quayle, Brett. "Climate Change Strategy in Local Government: The Role of Psychological Adaptation in Understanding Community Engagement." Thesis, 2021. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/43463/.

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Climate change response is a social contract that requires collective action and can be enhanced through human agency. Management research is needed to examine how institutions at various levels are accountable for climate change and to consider the social and behavioural contexts relevant to the institutions’ engagement with the community. Community climate change response is also an under-researched phenomenon, particular into how the social dimensions of climate actions coalesce with an institutional response. Community collective climate action has been conceptualised as the collective effort between citizens and local government. This multilevel mixed methods research explored public accountability at the local government level and collective climate actions, through a social-psychological lens, at an individual level. A case study of six local governments in Victoria, Australia was undertaken, where council interview transcripts and documents were examined via discourse analysis. Results from the analysis suggest that accountability mechanisms include community demands, hierarchical chain of command, and embedding climate change response within the council and the political interests of its leaders. In the second study, 603 Victorian citizens participated in a survey that focused on how psychological adaptation, social norms, collective efficacy, and procedural justice contribute to collective climate action tendencies. Results of a structural equation model indicated a positive psychological appraisal of climate change influenced the degree to which an individual engages in collective actions, but the magnitude of this relationship depends on the degree to which the individual believes the group can act. Procedural justice had a dampening effect on this positive relationship. The results of these two studies were then synthesised and conceptually integrated in a joint display. Community collective climate actions encompass systems, processes, and behaviours at multiple levels and require incentives that promote self-interest, as well as the collective good. People need to see the benefits of their contributions to the collective good, as this awareness of the benefits of their contribution enhances efficacy and builds a sense of agency. Community response to climate change has an important and complementary role, and insights from public accountability and psychology can contribute to a nuanced understanding of this phenomenon in the Australian context.

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Coughlan, Felicity Jane. "Implementing state policy in a children's home : a transformation process." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17934.

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Hossain, Aysha. "Contractual Coloniality: Strategic State Intervention in Aboriginal Governance." Thesis, 2003. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15606/.

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This thesis argues that certain strategic interventions in the delivery of services to Indigenous Australians employ rationalities congruent with colonial-settler governance. The Koori Services Improvement Strategy in the Australian State of Victoria is a case in point. Detailed examination of this strategy - understood as a set of specific technologies of power - raises questions about practical issues in Aboriginal governance, tensions within liberalism, the actual implications of neo-liberal techniques employed in human services, and the bearing these have on Aboriginal wellbeing. Following Michel Foucault's 'governmentality' approach, tools of discourse analysis and genealogy are used to address these questions and to investigate the limits and possibilities of such an approach to understanding Aboriginal governance.

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Maluleke, Lucky. "A critical analysis of government policy on appropriate rural vocational education and training in the light of the perceptions of youth in Mavalani Village, Limpopo." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10789.

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The aim of this study is to critically analyse government policy on appropriate rural vocational education and training in the light of perceptions of youth in Mavalani Village, Limpopo. The stance that I take in this study is that rural youth need to participate in education and training policy-making because they are the ones affected by these policies. I argue that meaningful policies are ones that are developed by people they are meant to serve. The literature review and theoretical framework indicate that neo-liberalism has negative impacts on VET internationally and in South Africa. Although there are social, political and cultural aspects in the education and training of South Africa, the economic aspects are more dominant. I use the theory of Food Sovereignty to counter neoliberalism which promotes the rights of business at the expense of people’s livelihoods and lives. Food Sovereignty is for the right of natural persons to own and control their own destinations, although it takes food production and distribution as the point of departure. This qualitative study is framed within a critical paradigm where I look at power relations in society and how people can strive to change their circumstances. I used purposive sampling where I selected participants based on my knowledge of the population in question. The findings of the study indicate that VET in South Africa needs to be improved to better serve the interests of young people. The findings suggest that there are a lot of changes that need to be made in VET in the country, and that Community Learning Centres need to offer VET that is community-based and relevant to local development and context. The findings are in line with the theory of Food Sovereignty in that they encourage community participation, collective action and communal ownership, as opposed to neo-liberal capitalism where private ownership is ‘the order of the day’.
Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2013.

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Iraka, Timothy Atwine. "An analysis of HIV/AIDS policy development and implimentation at two Ugandan Universities." Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4968.

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Title on printed copy differs slightly from ETD. Title on printed copy: A critical analysis of HIV/AIDS policy development and implementation at selected Ugandan universities
The main objectives of the study were to analyse the process involved in HIV/AIDS policy development and implementation at two selected universities in Uganda. The rationale for the study was to describe the policy development process and to identify how such institutional policies can be planned, operationalised, monitored and evaluated. The study used a qualitative approach which involved key informant interviews and focus group discussions. The selected institutions were Makerere University Kampala (MUK)and Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST). The findings show that MUST have a comprehensive HIV/AIDS Institutional Policy (HIP) which followed several stages during policy development. The basic stages identified were policy formulation, policy adoption, policy implementation and policy evaluation. The findings also show that MUST have a comprehensive implementation plan. In contrast, MUK had no record of the HIV/AIDS institutional policy development process. However, MUK had implemented the policy successfully through the University Hospital and Gender Mainstreaming Division.
Social Work
M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

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Glanville, Louise. "Women going places : women and transport in a competitive environment." Thesis, 1996. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/17935/.

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The place of women in transport planning and development has been marginal if not invisible. This has resulted in a lack of recognition of their needs and of the distributional impacts that current transport policy and directions have on women. It has also led to limited attention being paid to women and women's experiences in their use of both cars and public transport: their travel patterns and mobility issues remain largely unexplored. In addition, the current policy environment of privatisation and competition in the transport arena contributes to the exacerbation of women's disadvantaged status, and does little to encourage gender sensitivity in transport policies and practice. The thesis explores these issues with particular reference to the travel experiences of fifteen different w o m e n living in various parts of Melbourne and Victoria. It also uses material collected from a number of transport policy makers and service providers to ascertain the dimensions of the new competitive environment.

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Kenosi, Precious Queen. "Entrepreneurship through the Junior Achievement Botswana Programme : realities and perceptions." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4092.

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Though Botswana is regarded as one of the richer countries in Africa, it is faced with challenges experienced by other developing countries in Sub-Saharan Africa such as poverty, unemployment and HIV/AIDS. Recession in the mining and agriculture sectors, which have been the pillars of the country's wealth, has caused the economy to decline. The National Development Plan 9 (NDP 9 2003/4-2008/9) is a five year national development plan for Botswana that states that 36.7% of the populace have incomes below the poverty datum line. Entrenched in the nation's Vision 2016 statement are two development goals aimed at poverty reduction; to create sustainable jobs and to develop human resources. The Botswana government has thus earmarked the promotion of small, medium and micro-enterprises as one of the measures to reduce poverty. This shift to self-employment would help create much needed jobs, contribute to the economy and improve the quality of life of the Batswana. The government's efforts alone will not suffice in this predicament. It needs the assistance of all stakeholders including the private sector and the general public. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the Junior Achievement Botswana Programme is an effective programme for equipping the youth in Botswana with business skills with the hope that they would in turn establish businesses in their communities. The study focused on exploring the perceptions of the trainees/learners in the programme to establish if they felt that the training gave them the necessary knowledge and skills to boost their confidence and motivation to plan, start up and sustain business ventures. The perceptions of teachers and trainers involved in the delivery of the programme were also sought to establish the programme's strengths and challenges and to suggest how the programme could be improved. The study also employed an entrepreneurial test to determine whether the programme attracted teachers and students who have the desired characteristics for business. At the heart of this study was an attempt to articulate the role of education and training in preparing the youth for self-employment. Data was collected using both quantitative and qualitative data collection strategies. The data was analysed descriptively as well deriving themes and meanings. The study found out that the JAB is a good and informative programme that inspires the youth and instils confidence in them to believe that they have gained knowledge and skills required to be engaged in viable business ventures. They felt particularly confident about market research, production and marketing components of running businesses. However, the study also found out that the programme has deficiencies such as insufficient preparation of its trainees to access and manage finances, inability to develop networks for support especially once the students have left schools and are no longer under the comforting guidance of the programme facilitators. In addition, the study realised that the programme seems to overlook the role of monitoring, follow up, evaluation, networking and mentoring in training for entrepreneurship. Issues pertaining to partnerships and public relations also surfaced in the study. On the whole, the respondents in the study found the programme enjoyable and worthwhile and wished it could be extended to many others. The study also found that the desired characteristics for business as identified by the entrepreneurship test administered were possessed by fewer than 20 percent of the students and teachers. This may also have contributed to the low numbers of people who went on to start their own businesses.
Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.

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Wangmo, Chokey. "Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) Financing Constraints in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Bhutan." Thesis, 2016. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/32635/.

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Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in the socio-economic development of a country through business opportunities, employment generation and poverty alleviation. However, constraints on the provision of finance to SMEs is a key challenge faced by developing countries. Most of the empirical studies on SME financing constraints are based in developed economies, with limited applicability to developing countries like Bhutan with a different level of economic and financial development. Though the SME financing constraint is widely recognised by the Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB), academic research has not been carried out on the Bhutanese SME sector. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the cause and nature of the SME financing constraint, in terms of accessibility to bank loans, in Bhutan.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Youth Government policy Victoria'

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