Journal articles on the topic 'Young workers with disabilities'
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1
Ningsih, Anik Kurnia Ningsih, Kukuh Arisetyawan, and Wenny Restikasari. "Young Workers with Disabilities and the Threat of Skill Traps Entering Job Opportunities." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM) 11, no. 12 (December 10, 2023): 5553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v11i12.em05.
Abstract:
More than one billion people or 15 percent of the world's population are people with disabilities. Participation of people with disabilities in the labor force is important to prevent a decline in overall labor force participation rates in the future. The threat of a "skill trap" befalls them, especially in the era of digitalization, where access to training is limited. With the higher cost of living, workforce accessibility for people with disabilities has become essential. The research aims to identify factors that influence the employment opportunities of young workers with disabilities, including marital status, education, gender, employment sector, number of household members, area of residence, and skills. A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional research design was used to analyze secondary data from the 2022 National Labor Force Survey. Data analysis used binary logistic regression with the dependent variable being employment status, and independent variables covering the personal and family characteristics of the respondents. The variables include gender, age, education level, family type, parents' monthly income, parents' education and employment, employment sector, number of household members, and area of residence. Research shows that marital status, education level, gender, and employment sector have a significant positive influence on the employment opportunities of young workers with disabilities. However, the number of household members and area of residence have a negative influence on employment opportunities. Improving the skills of people with disabilities has a positive impact, emphasizing the importance of skills development in increasing their accessibility in the labor market.
2
Persson, Ingrid, and Tore J. Larsson. "Accident-related permanent disabilities of young workers in Sweden 1984–85." Safety Science 14, no. 3-4 (November 1991): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-7535(91)90020-m.
3
Walter, Uta M., and K. Jean Peterson. "Gendered Differences: Postmodern Feminist Perspectives and Young Women Identified as “Emotionally Disabled”." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 83, no. 5 (October 2002): 596–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.67.
Abstract:
Little consideration has been given to adolescent girls identified as having emotional disabilities in either the research or clinical literature. Social workers continue to use developmental theories that are based on males, and thus contribute to the persistent silence about the needs of this population. Feminist and postmodern perspectives can serve to highlight how dominant discourses around “gender,” “emotional disabilities,” and “psychological development” influence social work theory and practice with this population. This paper uses feminist and postmodern re-visions of developmental theories to deconstruct the current research and clinical practices with female adolescents and shows how these re-visions can inform our thinking about adolescent girls identified as having emotional or behavioral disabilities.
4
McIntosh, Alison, and Candice Harris. "Hospitality training as a means of independence for young adults with learning disabilities." Hospitality Insights 2, no. 2 (October 24, 2018): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/hi.v2i2.38.
Abstract:
Employment is a core plank of independent living for people with disabilities and a key part of their identity and self-esteem. Nevertheless, it is widely recorded that people with disabilities have lower employment rates than the non-disabled, and continue to experience workplace discrimination. Workers with disabilities are generally found to have greater loyalty to the company, punctuality to the job, dependability, greater levels of cooperation and dedication, and lower turnover rates and absenteeism. Representing an estimated 10–19 percent of the general population worldwide, people with disabilities are seen as an untapped source of workers for hospitality labour [1]. Yet evidence shows that the hospitality industry has, so far, been a follower rather than a leader with respect to training and employment practices for people with disabilities compared to other industries [2]. Viewing disability as a product of the disabling wider social and attitudinal barriers around disability (known as the social model of disability [3]), there is an opportunity for the hospitality industry to contribute toward positive social change.
Given the need to change negative societal attitudes before there can be an increase in the employment of people with disabilities, there is an important need to examine representations of disability in hospitality training and employment. Representations are important because they set expectations around behavioural norms and can help break down barriers by influencing the perceptions of those who receive them. Applying a constructionist approach [4], this research examined how hospitality work and training is represented in the popular television documentary series The Special Needs Hotel as it relates to training for young adults with learning disabilities1 – a group who are rendered more marginalised in employment than any other group of young people with disabilities. The three-part TV series, which aired on TVNZ in 2017, followed the experiences of young people with learning disabilities as they received hands-on hospitality training at the Foxes Hotel and Academy – a specialist catering college and residential training hotel in Somerset, U.K., that is also a fully operating hotel with paying guests (http://foxesacademy.ac.uk/). Over their three years of study, learners are trained in three vocational departments – house-keeping, food preparation and food service – before being prepared to apply for and seek hospitality employment.
The research found that the series positively presents hospitality training as a means of enjoyment and of ‘achieving independence’ for the young adults with learning disabilities, with coping strategies and accommodations used to ensure the learners meet the necessary ‘realistic expectations’ and requirements of hospitality work. Through the intensive hands-on training, the learners are found to successfully acquire life skills, gain independence, find hospitality employment, and make plans for the future. However, this positive representation contrasts with the fear and realities of independence and struggles with the pressures of hospitality work for the trainees themselves (struggles that are both emotional and physical due to the nature of their disability). Our research highlighted that not all learners wanted independence, and often struggled with the training; for example, the stress and speed of service delivery, difficulties in communicating with customers, and having to work alone.
Lessons from this research provide the opportunity to review and vary what is expected of the ‘look and feel’ of hospitality work and service delivery in order to increase employment for people with disabilities. In particular, if left unchallenged, the stereotyping of the ‘professionalism’ expected in hospitality work and training can render people with learning disabilities as being and looking unprofessional as hospitality workers and requiring accommodation to meet the standards of ‘doing hospitality’. There is a need to give greater attention to disability awareness training, including information geared toward working alongside employees with disabilities, and HR practices. There are challenges to employers about their attitudes toward employing people with disabilities and management of the physical and service environment with regards to how they can render it welcoming or unwelcoming for employees with disabilities. Above all, this understanding can open opportunities to review and realign hospitality employment and training with ethical and non-discriminatory principles and guidelines, which are essential if the employment of people with disabilities is to be improved. As this research concluded, the inclusion of people with disabilities can make the hospitality experience more diverse, personal, meaningful, unique and memorable.
The full research article can be accessed here: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278431917307351
Note
We use the terminology of the documentary series and recognise the varied, unique and highly complex nature of learning disabilities.
Corresponding author
Alison McIntosh can be contacted at: alison.mcintosh@aut.ac.nz
References
(1) Poria, Y.; Reichel, A.; Brandt, Y. Dimensions of Hotel Experience of People with Disabilities: An Exploratory Study. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 2011, 23(5), 571–591.
(2) Groschl, S. Current Human Resources Practices Affecting the Employment of Persons with Disabilities in Selected Toronto Hotels. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration 2004, 5(3), 15–30.
(3) Oliver, M. Understanding Disability: From Theory to Practice; Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke, U.K., 1996.
(4) Hall, S. Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices; Sage: London, U.K., 1997.
5
Robinson, Sally, Megan Blaxland, Karen R. Fisher, Kelley Johnson, Caiyue Kuang, Anne Graham, and Kate Neale. "Recognition in relationships between young people with cognitive disabilities and support workers." Children and Youth Services Review 116 (September 2020): 105177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105177.
6
Andrew Chauke, Thulani. "Understanding Gender-Based Violence Prevention among Young Women : Youth Workers Perspective?" African Journal of Gender, Society and Development (formerly Journal of Gender, Information and Development in Africa) 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2634-3622/2021/v10n1a8.
Abstract:
This study focused on the expertise of youth workers in preventing violent acts with special focus on young women. A qualitative research approach was employed in this study. Ten youth workers were purposefully sampled to participate in this study. An unstructured interview schedule was also used to gather data. An exploratory research design was used to explore the experience of the participants. Data were analysed using thematic coding. Violence against young women in South Africa is a widespread problem that affect young women’s capabilities. South Africa is also facing a high prevalence of gang rape and young women are the most affected group. The findings reflect that youth workers prevent violence against young women by offering young people, both male and female, the following interventions: building youth self-esteem, health education and empowerment, soft skills programmes and building youth resilience. The study recommends that the Department of Women, Youth and Persons with Disabilities establish a funding directorate that will focus on funding youth workers led non-profit organisations (NPOs) that have holistic youth programmes that mainly address violence against young women and social behaviour change programmes among young men.
7
Muldoon, Patricia, and Gloria Kirwan. "In safe hands: Empowering young people with disabilities who receive assistance with intimate personal care." Social Work and Social Sciences Review 17, no. 3 (May 19, 2015): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1921/swssr.v17i3.801.
Abstract:
This article explores the potential for social workers to engage in empowering relationships with young people whose disabilities necessitate that they receive help with certain physical functions, some of which would be termed both personal and intimate. We look firstly at different perspectives within social work on empowerment and what social workers can do to support service users gain more control over their lives. Drawing on the findings of a study by Muldoon (2012), we explore the application of these empowerment concepts into the working relationships that social workers develop with young people who require daily assistance with intimate personal care, and through this exploration we draw attention to the importance of understanding empowerment as a micro-level as well as the more often discussed macro-level action in social work.
8
Raudeliunaite, Rita, and Vida Gudžinskienė. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDEPENDENT LIVING SKILLS IN YOUNG ADULTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY IN SHELTERED HOUSING ACCOMMODATION." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 3 (May 26, 2017): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2017vol3.2444.
Abstract:
National Programme for Social Integration of People with Disabilities for 2013 - 2019 has set a strategic objective to create a positive environment and conditions for a dignified and fully fledged life of people with disabilities in Lithuania, to guarantee equal opportunities and the quality of life of people with disabilities. The article analyses the experiences of the social workers, who work in sheltered housing accommodation with young adults with intellectual disability, when developing independent living skills in young adults with intellectual disability. Sheltered housing accommodation is social services institutions providing social care, in which persons live in home environment and conditions are created for them to manage their own personal life on their own with the support of the social workers. A qualitative-empirical study has been conducted by using the method of a semi-structured interview. The study data were processed by using the method of content analysis. The results of the empirical study are based on the experience of 11 social workers, who have been working in sheltered housing accommodation with young adults with intellectual disability for at least 3 years. The study has revealed that the following independent living skills are considered to be the most easy to be developed: cooking, simple housework, hygiene skills. The young adults also easily develop public transport use skills. The young adults most often acquire work skills by tidying their home environment. The most difficult, according to the social workers, to develop are economic skills: to manage their budget, to allocate finances, to pay for services, and to do the shopping. The young adults with intellectual disability find it difficult to develop their parenting skills. Communication skills are developed while learning etiquette and complying with it in a large range of environments, by encouraging to communicate courteously with other persons, showing personal example, taking a good example from others, taking part in different events, festivals and communal activity. The development of independent living skills occurs by engaging young adults in a practical activity. Particular attention is given to the development of healthy lifestyle skills. The young adults are encouraged to make decisions by guiding them in the right direction, while respecting their interests; the responsibility for the decisions made by them and the consequences of those decisions is also developed. Activity planning, organising and personal skills are developed.
9
Baranauskienė, Ingrida, and Liuda Radzevičienė. "Assessment of Job Capacities of Young People with Mental Disabilities according to the Evaluation of Motor Skills." Social welfare : interdisciplinary approach 3, no. 1 (June 28, 2013): 128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/sw.2013.28283.
Abstract:
Problem of employment talking about integration processes of people with disabilities in present economical situation is still unsolved. Changing labor market appreciates precise, productive and responsible workers. Employers look for employees who can easily deal with diffcult situations, be creative and innovative. This viewpoint concerns adults with disabilities, who have problems in fnding and keeping job after fnishing training in professional rehabilitation centers. The aim of this research is to identify motor functions needed for successful integration into the labor market. It was set up that motor performance in static lifting and static pulling corresponds to the requirements of professions that are taught in the rehabilitation centre for young people with mental disabilities.
10
Rissanen, Lauren, Carolyn Ehrlich, Elizabeth Kendall, and Heidi Muenchberger. "Realizing person-centred care in residential care facilities for young adults with complex and chronic disabilities: the understanding, perception and beliefs of workers." European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 2, no. 2 (April 8, 2014): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v2i2.717.
Abstract:
Young people living with complex and chronic disabilities who require assistance with health-related needs are rarely receiving the optimum support and care that will enable their full participation in society, or simply to live as they choose. For young people with complex disabling health conditions, this situation may not only be unpleasant, but may have a detrimental impact on their outcomes. In Australia, considerable attention has been paid to the relocation of people from institutional care into community settings within purpose-built apartments. However, it is the service model and the residential workers who articulate that service model into practice that are crucial to stimulate better outcomes for young people. In this study, a qualitative design was used to identify the major ways in which residential workers understood and articulated person-centred practice for young people with complex disabilities. Data were thematically analysed using an a priori coding framework. The study identified 4 main themes relevant to person-centred practice in this setting, namely: 1) recognition of the person in time and context; 2) recognition of individuality; 3) recognition of the relationship and 4) promotion of autonomy. Importantly, the themes were connected in a broad and multi-level way through communication. The findings indicate that to enact behaviours congruent with person-centredness, residential care workers may need to reframe their professional role, image and values. However, several barriers hindered this process (i.e., system/organisational constraints, time etc.) and participants clearly needed support, education and/or mentoring to improve their capacity to apply person-centred models and also to create meaningful care partnerships.
11
Mamta, Trichal. "Role of Social Workers in Identifying Challenges and Developing Skills in Children with Learning Disabilities." Tanzania Journal of Sociology 9, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 104–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/tajoso.v9i2.145.
Abstract:
Social work values, ethics, and abilities are crucial for ensuring tailored care and support practice and advocacy based on human rights. For Children with learning disabilities, it is beneficial. The paper focuses on social work skills useful in helping kids with learning disabilities. It describes the main disagreements in the area, such as those over policy and practice. Additionally, it is asserted that social workers are well equipped to do research and engage in clinical treatment that advances social justice and full and meaningful involvement in society. The study's objective is to identify social workers varied supporting and rehabilitative roles in easing the difficulties faced by children with disabilities. The review-based study draws its support from secondary sources such journals, books, articles, and other publications. The report emphasizes how social work techniques and practices might help to lessen the difficulties faced by young people with learning problems. A framework is also provided for research, practice, educational concerns, and advocacy strategies to support families of children with learning difficulties. Since social work practice is centred on families, some of the most important competencies for social work with families of children are also included in this article. In order to serve children with learning disabilities, the research found that social workers' most prominent tasks were those of need analyst, mediator, facilitator, motivator, rehabilitator, advocate, and care planner.
12
Webb, Rosemary, Veronica Greco, Patricia Sloper, and Jennifer Beecham. "Key workers and schools: meeting the needs of children and young people with disabilities." European Journal of Special Needs Education 23, no. 3 (August 2008): 189–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08856250802130459.
13
Pouliot, Danielle M., Eve Müller, Nancy F. Frasché, Ann S. Kern, and Israelle H. Resti. "A Tool for Supporting Communication in the Workplace for Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities and/or Autism." Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals 40, no. 4 (December 20, 2016): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2165143416683927.
Abstract:
Speech and language impairments can pose significant challenges to the successful workplace inclusion of young adults with intellectual disabilities (IDs) and/or autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Breakdowns are most likely to occur when support staff, workplace supervisors, or co-workers are unsure how to support effective communication. “Communication Stories” offer an innovative means of helping young adults with ID/ASD advocate for themselves by teaching others about the expressive, receptive, and social/pragmatic communication strategies they use. This article provides guidelines for how to develop customized, electronic “Communication Stories” for young adults with ID/ASD to use in the workplace. Suggestions are also given for use in other contexts, and for low-tech options.
14
Hile, Kimberly A., and Rosa Milagros Santos. "“Would You Like to Hear a Story?”: Collaborating With Families Using Photo-Elicitation." Journal of Early Intervention 44, no. 1 (February 10, 2022): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10538151211009310.
Abstract:
Research related to family empowerment and capacity-building suggests that families facing multiple risk factors (e.g., presence of a disability, poverty, single parents, low levels of maternal education, etc.) may experience feelings of powerlessness when asked by professionals to make decisions on behalf of their families. The purpose of this study was to explore a particular strategy for engaging families experiencing multiple risk factors, including caring for young children with disabilities, to work collaboratively with Head Start professionals when planning and implementing family-centered interventions. Specifically, we examined how photo-elicitation may empower families to share their personal stories as a pathway to building meaningful relationships with their Head Start family service workers. A qualitative approach via thematic analysis was used. Findings begin to address the need for identifying innovative strategies for building family capacity with Head Start families, specifically those caring for young children with disabilities.
15
Kucharczyk, Suzanne, Johanna Thomas, and Peggy Schaefer Whitby. "“It Would Be Nice If”: Analysis of Transition Experiences Through Grand Challenges." Rural Special Education Quarterly 40, no. 3 (July 16, 2021): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/87568705211027970.
Abstract:
The adult outcomes of youth with disabilities continue to lag behind those of their peers without disabilities, especially for youth living in rural communities. Interdisciplinary teaming is identified as an important component of effective transition planning. Transition planning and collaborative teaming are challenged further in rural communities due to lack of resources, distances between services and providers, and access for youth and their families. Social workers, given their multisystem perspective on aligning youth and family needs with resources, may be well poised, though currently underutilized, to address the challenges of transition in rural contexts. Through the transition experiences of 20 families and young adults with high need disabilities from a rural southern state, this study analyzes the potential alignment between the tenets of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act for transition and the priorities of social work described in the Grand Challenges. Implications for practice and policy for special education transition planning in rural communities are offered.
16
OZAKI, Yasuko, Makoto KOBAYASHI, Toyokazu MIZUUCHI, and Mihoko ABE. "A New Screening Instrument for Child Care Workers to Rate Developmental Disabilities in Young Children." Japanese Journal of Special Education 51, no. 4 (2013): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.6033/tokkyou.51.335.
17
Rosenkoetter, S. E., A. H. Hains, and C. Dogaru. "Successful Transitions for Young Children with Disabilities and Their Families: Roles of School Social Workers." Children & Schools 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cs/29.1.25.
18
Brown, David J., Penny J. Standen, Tracy Proctor, and Dominic Sterland. "Advanced Design Methodologies for the Production of Virtual Learning Environments for Use by People with Learning Disabilities." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 10, no. 4 (August 2001): 401–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1054746011470253.
Abstract:
The authors have previously presented a methodology to guide the development of virtual learning environments (VLEs) for use by people with learning disabilities (Brown, Neale, Cobb, & Reynolds 1999). This paper presents the results of two sets of studies and shows how these studies enhance this methodology. The first set of studies are user-centered designs for VLE to teach horticultural-related employment, leisure, travel, and public presentation skills to young people with learning disabilities. These projects have allowed us for the first time to distill a set of design guidelines for the production of VLEs for use by people with a learning disability. The second set of studies aims to determine the tutoring strategies employed by support workers, teachers, and care providers when supporting people with learning disabilities using VLEs. These strategies will be embedded in the VLEs to further scaffold the learning process of our target users and allow us to expand the guidance given within the implementation component of the development methodology. These enhancements of the existing methodology are clearly developed within the paper and illustrated diagrammatically.
19
Wilson, Andrew. "A Social Work student’s developing understanding of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum disorder from medical and social perspectives and implications for practice." First Peoples Child & Family Review 8, no. 1 (September 9, 2020): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1071405ar.
Abstract:
Research on FASD has focused on medical/scientific findings (Gallicano, 2010; Jones, & Smith, 1973; Streissguth, Bookstein, Barr, Sampson, O’Malley, & Young, 2004). Continued medical research is thought to be helpful to our understanding of the origins of FASD and the interventions that help to address the psychosocial needs of persons with FASD. However, this paper stresses the need to also focus on the social aspects of FASD and the implications for human service workers who provide support for persons with FASD and their families. Gough and Fuchs (2006) indicate that although there is a growing prevalence of FASD-related disabilities, there is not a substantive knowledge base on child welfare practice in response to FASD. The need for human service workers to look beyond identifying a condition and addressing symptoms is emphasized. The author suggests human service workers need to prepare to work with children with FASD by reflectively appreciating the economic, legal, and cultural influences affecting persons as well as medically- and evidenced-based interventions.
20
Palley, Elizabeth. "Pregnancy Discrimination and the Law." Affilia 32, no. 2 (July 4, 2016): 188–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886109916654733.
Abstract:
This article makes the case that social workers and social welfare advocates need to be aware of pregnancy discrimination law to better advocate for individual clients and for changes in the existing law. It is one piece of gender discrimination and inequity. This article reviews the current law around the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, including the recent holding in Young v. UPS and other relevant case law. It also reviews recent changes made by the Affordable Care Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act as well as related state laws designed to address pregnancy discrimination.
21
Gadžo-Šašić, Sabira. "Education of social workers during the pandemic COVID-19 – post-pandemic perspective." Zbornik radova Islamskog pedagoškog fakulteta u Zenici (Online), no. 21 (December 15, 2023): 103–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51728/issn.2637-1480.2023.103.
Abstract:
The text theoretically elaborates on the importance of education in modern society, which represents the main precondition for development. Special emphasis was placed on the importance of education and its characteristics at the time of the pandemic COVID 19. With that in mind, we conducted this research including students of the Faculty of Political Sciences, Department of Social Work at the University of Sarajevo. The goal of the research was to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of online access to education from the perspective of social work students. In the interpretation of the restrictions related to the access to online classes, we particularly referred to groups of young people (students living in rural areas, students with disabilities) who encountered additional difficulties, i.e. restrictions while following "online" classes, especially during the period of complete closure of educational institutions. Keywords: education, social work, pandemic COVID-19, coronavirus
22
Mațcu-Zaharia, Mara, Ioana Alexandra Horodnic, Colin C. Williams, and George Cristian Nistor. "Self-Employed Workers and the Achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development: An Overview of Their Social Benefit Entitlements across 31 European Countries." Sustainability 16, no. 7 (March 22, 2024): 2625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16072625.
Abstract:
One of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is Decent Work and Economic Growth (SDG 8). While the actions suggested to reach this goal target numerous actors in the labor market, such as entrepreneurs running small and medium-sized enterprises, unemployed people, students and young people, persons with disabilities, children and adults forced to work, and migrant workers, these are not the only important groups to focus on. This paper discusses a group receiving less attention: self-employed workers. Through a review of literature and the legislative framework on the social benefits of self-employment across 31 European countries, challenges to the self-employed achieving decent work are identified. The most prominent challenges are that, in many countries, these workers lack social protection against unemployment or accidents at work and that the conditions for their entitlement to social benefits are more demanding than for employees. These constitute impediments to achieving SDG 8‘s goal of “decent work for all”, and SDG 10′s aim to “reduce inequalities”.
23
Hereth, Jane, and Alida Bouris. "Queering Smart Decarceration: Centering the Experiences of LGBTQ+ Young People to Imagine a World Without Prisons." Affilia 35, no. 3 (December 11, 2019): 358–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886109919871268.
Abstract:
Addressing mass incarceration through smart decarceration initiatives is one of the Grand Challenges for Social Work named by the American Academy of Social Work Welfare and Research. The exponential growth of the U.S. prison system is largely due to legislation that targets marginalized communities, including people of color, poor people, people with mental illness, and those living with disabilities, as well as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) people of all ages. In this article, we seek to complicate the current conversation on smart decarceration by arguing that social workers committed to addressing mass incarceration should engage abolitionist theory, politics, and organizing in their work in order to effectively address the root causes driving the buildup of the prison nation. We engage feminist and queer theories as two theoretical interventions that can guide this work. We next describe how LGBTQ+ youth enter the criminal legal system, highlighting how normative systems of gender and sexuality subject LGBTQ+ youth to punitive policing, surveillance, and discipline. Finally, we share three models of prison abolitionist organizing led by LGBTQ+ people of color as case studies. By examining how these organizations embrace queer and feminist abolitionist frameworks, we identify concrete ways that social workers can adopt abolitionist principles and practices in their work to address mass incarceration.
24
Nota, Laura, Salvatore Soresi, Lea Ferrari, and Maria Cristina Ginevra. "Vocational Designing and Career Counseling in Europe." European Psychologist 19, no. 4 (January 1, 2014): 248–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000189.
Abstract:
This article aims to illuminate new challenges in the field of vocational designing and career counseling in assisting persons planning for an uncertain and difficult future in the current economic climate in European and other Western nations. The first part of the paper starts with an analysis of the European socioeconomic context and provides a description of populations with significant career and life design needs: young people, older workers, migrants, temporary workers, women, people with disabilities, parents and children, employers. The second part of the paper focuses on an analysis of these challenges and suggests a revision of well-established vocational designing and career counseling assumptions in favor of a new form of awareness and new concepts. Social cognitive career theory (SCCT) and life design approaches are discussed as promising models to cope with the social, economic, and cultural challenges facing career counseling. Suggestions for interventions that could be implemented on a large scale, especially for at-risk populations and with preventive aims, are provided.
25
Etheridge, Leanne, and Hannah Senior. "‘It’s a matter of your personality more than anything else’." Journal of Intellectual Disabilities 21, no. 1 (February 28, 2016): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744629516634587.
Abstract:
The impact on full-time carers of children with intellectual disabilities who exhibit challenging behaviour has been well researched (e.g. Lach et al., 2009; Shah et al., 2010; Wodehouse and McGill, 2009), however, there is to date no published research into the impact of behaviour that challenges on seasonal carers. Five participants who had been employed in summer playschemes for children and young people (up to the age of 18) were interviewed about their experiences of behaviour that challenges. The transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis, which revealed six superordinate themes: the belief in and sanctuary of temporary work, emotional impact, personality and gender, strength through knowledge, communication difficulties and the belief in integration. Seasonal workers discussed suppressing their emotions in order to stay in control of a challenging situation, using coping styles developed through experience or based on personal skills; it is suggested that formalized training, particularly regarding non-verbal communication, would support playscheme workers in the management of and adaption to challenging behaviour.
26
Hassan, Faraz, Emma Grant, and Sophie Stevens. "Understanding shelter from a gender perspective: the case of Hawassa, Ethiopia." Environment and Urbanization 32, no. 2 (July 30, 2020): 463–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247820942109.
Abstract:
The city of Hawassa is growing fast, driven by construction of a flagship industrial park that is expected to attract up to 60,000 workers by 2021, mostly young women, arriving without families or dependents, and living off very low wages. Along with these young women, female-headed households; divorced, separated and widowed women; elderly women; and women with disabilities all face severe/acute shelter vulnerabilities. These groups are most likely to struggle to access both formal and informal shelter, related to their below-average income levels but also to other forms of bias and discrimination. This paper draws out key findings on gender and housing from a collaborative study investigating shelter provision in Hawassa, part of a wider research study on inclusive cities in East Africa led by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED). It aims to highlight specific constraints faced by women in accessing shelter, and around such issues as informality, safety and security, and infrastructure provision.
27
Sarancha, Iryna, and Natalia Pastuh. "Socio – psychological factors of successful adaptation of adults with cerebral palsy at the community level." Social work and social education, no. 1(6) (April 15, 2021): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2618-0715.1(6).2021.234149.
Abstract:
Unfortunately, statistics on the birth of children with disabilities in the world are growing every year. Depending on the diagnosis and specifics of development, each child needs special care, upbringing and training. One of the types of institutions in Ukraine that provide training, upbringing, and correction of psychophysiological features of the development of children and teens is rehabilitation centres. Conditions in them are created following the needs of a particular group of people which is as comfortable as possible. Also, the specifics of training and rehabilitation provide an individual's psychological growth and development among people who have similar developmental features, and therefore the same "strengths" and "weaknesses".
Cerebral palsy (CP) is defined as a persistent disorder of posture caused by a non-progressive pathological one of the developing brain.
Every graduate of rehabilitation centres needs social support and assistance in adapting to an adult, independent life. Such support makes a person feel less alone reduces anxiety and feelings of loneliness and isolation. Social workers become guides from one social environment to another, mitigating such a transition as much as possible for people with mental and physical disabilities, who are one of the most vulnerable segments of the population.
Individuals in later adolescence are on the verge of a crucial transition to adult life. This developmental stage involves the challenges of making living arrangements, setting goals, establishing independence, and forming social relationships (Spekman, Goldberg, & Herman, 1992). It may be a difficult period for young people with physical disabilities who face unemployment, low income, social isolation, and lack of advice (Hirst, 1982). Later adolescence also is a time of self-evaluation and comparison with others, and young people with disabilities may be forced to reflect on their physical differences and areas of competence. These developments ultimately affect their success in life and happiness. For instance, Clausen (1993) has shown that adolescent competence is linked to occupational, financial, and marital success.
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Popova, N. V., and E. V. Popova. "VOLUNTEERING AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF MORAL STANDARDS AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE." Education and science journal 20, no. 10 (December 31, 2018): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2018-10-139-155.
Abstract:
Introduction.Volunteering is a socially significant activity, which contributes to solving separate acute social issues and showing the best qualities of an individual – compassion, ability to sympathise and readiness to provide assistance to people in need. Through volunteering, a person achieves self-esteem and a feeling of his or her relevance and usefulness. Under the present circumstances, aspects of the study of volunteering and youth attitudes to this concept are especially relevant. Over the last decades, social transformations have occurred, leading to a reassessment of the value system, and, consequently, society has lost its moral compass. Participation in volunteering can become one of the effective factors in the formation of ethical standards and humanistic value orientations among young people.Theaimof the research was to investigate the educational potential of volunteering through studying the attitudes of young people.Methodology and research methods.The research was based on axiological and sociological approaches. In the course of the research, the following methods were used: review and synthesis of historical-philosophical and sociological literature, sociological group face-to-face surveys, and comparative analysis of statistical data. Results and scientific novelty.The authors justified the necessity for moral education of working youth through the involvement of young people in realizing charitable projects and organising philanthropic events. The authors highlighted the aspects of conducting charitable activities in one of the socially-oriented enterprises of the Urals – Sinarsky Pipe Plant. A questionnaire based survey conducted among young workers of that metal manufacturer revealed the fact of mass participation in various charitable activities (out of the sample seize of 180 young workers, 89% of respondents admitted their involvement in philanthropic activities). The respondents expressed interest in charitable projects and readiness to spend own time, energy and money for rendering disinterested targeted assistance to children with special needs and children with disabilities (56.3%), to elderly people living in difficult life situations (52.5%), to stray animals (50.0%), to children suffering from cancer (49.3%). It was concluded that charity work forms ethical standards at young people, and develops altruistic qualities such as disinterestedness and responsiveness, as well as civil consciousness.Practical significance.The research outcomes can be used when preparing, organising and holding charitable work with the aim of bringing up morally and ethically educated young workers, as well as students of educational institutions of different levels.
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Ko, Gyung-Pil and 하정숙. "The Perception of Pre-service Nursery․Kindergarten Teachers and Pre-service Social Workers on Inclusive Education for Young Children with Disabilities." Journal of Special Children Education 15, no. 4 (December 2013): 77–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21075/kacsn.2013.15.4.77.
30
Kajda, Kornelia, Tomasz Michalik, and Dawid Kobiałka. "Heritage for All – A Contribution to the Inclusion of People with Intellectual Disabilities in Archaeology: A Polish Perspective." Current Swedish Archaeology 23, no. 1 (June 10, 2021): 131–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37718/csa.2015.10.
Abstract:
This paper discusses the results of project entitled Heritage for all: Perception of the past and archaeo- logical heritage by people with intellectual disabili- ties, which the authors carried out on a group of 14 young individuals who were diagnosed with intel- lectual disabilities. The project aimed to detect how the past is perceived and conceptualized by students with learning and cognitive problems and how we, archaeologists and museum workers, can transfer knowledge about the past to them in a more ap- propriate way. This paper also provides a context for a need for inclusive archaeology as a way of practising archaeology as a discipline of social and cultural value for present-day people. Despite the limited number of people approached during the research and the specific character of education for people with intellectual disabilities in Poland, some conclusions can be drawn. First of all, participants in the project understood the past not as abstract, historical events, but rather as actions related to their personal experiences. Secondly, they remem- bered more about the past when it was shown and explained to them in an active, participatory way.
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Lomteva, E. V., and L. Yu Bedareva. "Territorial Accessibility of Regional Systems of Secondary Vocational Education." Administrative Consulting, no. 1 (February 28, 2024): 194–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2024-1-194-204.
Abstract:
The article discusses the development of the infrastructure of regional systems of secondary vocational education, as well as the territorial accessibility of professional educational organizations (VET) for young people. As part of the study, the authors consider compliance with state guarantees for the implementation of the right of young people to vocational education in terms of providing budgetary places in educational organizations of the open-ended educational system and places in hostels, as well as the permissible value of the specific gravity of the number of buildings of state public educational institutions adapted for training people with disabilities and disabled people. The basis for the study was the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025, approved by order of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 13, 2019 N 207-r and the Development Strategy for the system of training workers and the formation of applied qualifications in the Russian Federation for the period until 2030. As a result of the study, the authors identified regions at risk for the availability of secondary vocational education. Calculations were carried out taking into account the demographic forecast and migration of young people. The article was written on the basis of the RANEPA state assignment research programme.
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Lee, Jun Woo, Cheong Seok Kim, and Dong Min Kim. "A Narrative Inquiry of the Experiences of Returning to Society with Medical Social Workers of Young People with Spinal Cord Disabilities." Korean Council on Social Welfare Education 60 (December 31, 2022): 171–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.31409/kjswe.2022.60.171.
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Lynch, Paul, Melissa Gladstone, Michael McLinden, Graeme Douglas, Emma Jolley, Elena Schmidt, and Josephine Chimoyo. "‘I have learnt to love the child and give opportunities to play with peers’: A feasibility study of the training programme to support parents of young children with visual impairment in Malawi." Journal of Early Childhood Research 16, no. 2 (March 15, 2018): 210–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476718x18761219.
Abstract:
This is a first mixed-methods study, which created, adapted and tested the feasibility of a training programme targeted at parents, community professionals, specialist teachers and volunteers to provide advice on developmental stimulation for children with visual impairment in their homes in rural and urban settings of Malawi. The study followed guidance from the Medical Research Council Framework for Developing and Evaluating Complex Interventions and drew on a bioecological model to help understand the feasibility of a new intervention in Malawi for 30 children with visual impairment and their carers in three districts of Southern Malawi. We trained 14 community workers and specialist teachers, then piloted the programme, which we linked to Care for Child Development (a World Health Organization/United Nations Children’s training package), over 6 months. In total, 10 observations were carried out to measure fidelity of the intervention at the child’s home. Acceptability was accessed through 20 post-intervention interviews and a focus group discussion with carers. Findings show that the new programme enabled workers and parents to be more positive towards their children with disabilities, improving relationships and responsiveness in their interactions. Drawing on the findings of the feasibility study, outcomes identified for a trial include measures of communication, child development, family care environment, participation and inclusion. This study has significance in providing a methodology that can be drawn upon to develop similar training programmes for use with children with a wider range of disabilities. The article has particular relevance to institutions and organisations working in early childhood development in that it provides a model to aid the development of tailored training programmes for children with visual impairment. It puts forward a table of 10 key messages on how best to prepare young children with visual impairment for life at school and for life after school.
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Кudriavtsev, Igor Volodymyrovych, Liubov Vyacheslavna Kotova, and Olena Serhiivna Arsentieva. "Covid pandemic and amendments to Employment law in Ukraine and Europe." Revista Amazonia Investiga 10, no. 39 (May 5, 2021): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2021.39.03.17.
Abstract:
The COVID ‑ 19 coronavirus pandemic has demonstrated the unwillingness of many spheres of public life to respond adequately to critical situations. And first, it concerned the legal regulation of labour relations, which has undergone quite fundamental changes, which today form a new, more modern system of functioning of the labour market. Businesses may indeed violate employees' rights and protection from completely unwarranted resignation and even to gain adequate justice and national government aid. Workers with informal employment agreements, and limited access to healthcare and social protection before the pandemic, are particularly at risk now. The present research paper describes the relevant questions in Employment law, which relate to the Covid-19 pandemic in Ukraine and Europe. Some workers’ right to engage in work may disproportionately suffer due to the restrictions in place. These include parents of young children and single parent families, employees with health issues and disabilities, and migrant workers transported to work in agriculture or to provide social care. There is also concern about fair and just working conditions. This paper aims to answer the main questions connected with the Employment law in Covid time by conducting a literature review covering legal amendments to national and international legislations and examining the foreign practice related to employees’ rights connected with the labour restrictions in the time of pandemic.
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Bieliaieva, N. M., O. B. Yavorovenko, I. V. Kurylenko, L. V. Prysiazhniuk, O. V. Dziuniak, O. F. Proskurina, and M. F. Yavorovenko. "Modern aspects of social protection of combatants depending on the severity of disability." Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology, no. 36 (July 10, 2020): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/bba36-2019-06.
Abstract:
The urgency of the problem is due to the significant increase in recent years in the number of young and middle-aged people who have passed the war, the need to develop adequate measures of social assistance and protection. An important task in the organization of the rehabilitation process is to determine the structure of the needs of servicemen with disabilities in various types of medical and social care and the development of individual rehabilitation programs (IRP) based on them. The purpose of the study: to determine the structure of the needs of servicemen with disabilities in medical and social rehabilitation depending on the severity of disability. Statistical data from 25 administrative territories of Ukraine for 2018 are analyzed, the needs of participants of military service with disabilities in medical and social rehabilitation measures, their structure are calculated. The data of the information base of the centers and the bureau of medical and social examination of the regions were used. Processing of the primary material was performed using the universal statistical package "Excel". In 2018, medical and social expert commissions (MSEC) of Ukraine for the first time and re-certified and recognized persons with disabilities 7843 combatants. Of these, disability of group I (IA and IB) was established in 2.6 %, II – in 29.2 %, III – in 68.2 % of cases. All victims for MSEC were formed IRP. The dependence of the needs of combatants in medical and social rehabilitation measures on the severity of disability has been established. For persons with disabilities of groups II and III, priority is given to medical and professional rehabilitation, group I – social rehabilitation and technical means of rehabilitation with medical support. Of the medical rehabilitation services for persons with II and III groups of disability, sanatorium treatment is significant, and group I – rehabilitation therapy. Among vocational rehabilitation services, employment in production conditions is important – for persons with group III disabilities, in specially created conditions – for persons with group II disabilities, at home – for persons with group I disabilities. Vocational training was offered to a small number of people with disabilities of all groups. Among social rehabilitation services and technical means of rehabilitation, the services of social workers of territorial social service centers were significant for representatives of all disability groups, simpler means of transportation for persons of group III disability and more complex means for persons of group I. Determining the characteristics of the needs of servicemen with disabilities depending on its severity allows MSEC specialists to better form the IRP, develop targeted rehabilitation programs at the regional level, assess shortcomings in the organization of the rehabilitation process and build a rehabilitation system for combatants.
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Boiko, Olha, and Victoria Isachenko. "Social animations as a technology of integration of youth with disabilities." Social work and social education, no. 1(6) (April 15, 2021): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2618-0715.1(6).2021.234160.
Abstract:
A brief analysis of different approaches to the definition of «animation», in particular in terms of economics, psychology, pedagogy and social work. The role and place of social animation in creating an environment in which each individual will be able to successfully develop and self-realize for the benefit of society.
A comparison of approaches to the use of social animation in foreign countries. In particular, the experience of the USA, Canada, France and Finland is analyzed.
The latest researches and publications on the problem of social animation of youth in Ukraine are analyzed.
It was found that the main directions of social animation work are overcoming personal tendencies to social disintegration (prevention of socio-psychological disorders, such as deviant behavior of adolescents, drug addiction, alcoholism, suicide, etc.); rehabilitation of critical states of personality; assistance in creative self-realization of the individual.
The scope of professional activity of a social worker in the field of social animation is defined.
The peculiarities of social animation with young people with disabilities are considered, and it is found that social animation with young people with disabilities overcoming socio-psychological isolation. Social animation allows to create conditions for personal growth and productive interpersonal communication in the process of leisure, directs to socially significant activities.
The positive consequences of the organization of social animation with young people with disabilities are highlighted. Social animation allows to create conditions for personal growth and productive interpersonal communication in the process of leisure, directs to socially significant activities.
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Fomina, Olga, and Svyatoslav Gulyaev. "Problems and Prospects for Social Adaptation of People with Disabilities in Small Towns of Russia: According to the Results of the Author’s Research." Logos et Praxis, no. 1 (February 2024): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2024.1.7.
Abstract:
The article presents the results of the author's research on the problems and prospects of social adaptation for young people with disabilities living in small towns in Russia. A comprehensive study was conducted in 2023 using sociological (observation, formalized survey) and psychological (projective techniques, art therapy) research methods. The aim of the study was to identify the factors of successful social adaptation among the people with disabilities (people with disabilities since childhood and people with acquired disabilities) living in the city of Murom, Vladimir region. Sociological data were obtained during the implementation of the project "Limitless Meetings," supported by a grant from the Federal Agency Rosmolodezh. The sample of the study was targeted (n = 36); the sample included people with disabilities of the musculoskeletal system and members of the Murom City public organization of support workers who are also people with disabilities, "Phoenix." During the implementation of the project, the participants were involved in proactive creative, cultural, leisure, and educational activities, which allowed the participants to focus their attention on the research goals. The scientific novelty and theoretical significance of the work lie in the development and testing of tools for a comprehensive study of the social adaptation of people with disabilities and the inclusion in the analysis of social adaptation of indicators of the impact of educational and creative activities on the satisfaction of project participants. As a result, the authors have identified the factors contributing to the successful adaptation of people with disabilities and also presented a promising model of their interaction in order to increase the effectiveness of social adaptation, which was tested during the implementation of the project. The analysis of the problems and prospects of social adaptation, as well as the assessment of the interaction model of the participants of the project "Limitless Meetings," were carried out based on the results of observation, a sociological survey, and the interpretation of data obtained as a result of the use of art therapy and projective techniques. It was revealed that the level of social adaptation of the project participants increased. This was influenced by: the intensive social interaction of project participants with volunteers; their acquisition of practical skills in social networking and resume writing; and the use of technologies for the active expression of creative abilities during art therapy sessions. The practical significance of the work is the data obtained during the successful implementation of the project and the involvement of people with disabilities with diseases of the musculoskeletal system in cultural, creative, educational, and artistic activities, which can be used by specialists in correctional and rehabilitation work in rehabilitation centers for the people with disabilities, social and educational institutions, and centers of additional education in order to increase the effectiveness of social adaptation.
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Laventhal, Naomi T., Robert J. Graham, Sonja A. Rasmussen, David K. Urion, and Peter B. Kang. "Ethical decision-making for children with neuromuscular disorders in the COVID-19 crisis." Neurology 95, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000009936.
Abstract:
The sudden appearance and proliferation of coronavirus disease 2019 has forced societies and governmental authorities across the world to confront the possibility of resource constraints when critical care facilities are overwhelmed by the sheer numbers of grievously ill patients. As governments and health care systems develop and update policies and guidelines regarding the allocation of resources, patients and families affected by chronic disabilities, including many neuromuscular disorders that affect children and young adults, have become alarmed at the possibility that they may be determined to have less favorable prognoses due to their underlying diagnoses and thus be assigned to lower priority groups. It is important for health care workers, policymakers, and government officials to be aware that the long-term prognoses for children and young adults with neuromuscular disorders are often more promising than previously believed due to a better understanding of the natural history of these diseases, benefits of multidisciplinary supportive care, and novel molecular therapies that can dramatically improve the disease course. Although the realities of a global pandemic have the potential to require a shift from our usual, highly individualistic standards of care to crisis standards of care, shifting priorities should nonetheless be informed by good facts. Resource allocation guidelines with the potential to affect children and young adults with neuromuscular disorders should take into account the known trajectory of acute respiratory illness in this population and rely primarily on contemporary long-term outcome data.
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Gralton, Ernest. "Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) – its relevance to forensic adolescent services." Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour 5, no. 3 (September 8, 2014): 124–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jidob-10-2014-0015.
Abstract:
Purpose – There needs to be an increased recognition of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in services that deal with young people with disruptive and offending behavior, not just those services that deal with adolescents with a recognized intellectual disability. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This is a general review of the current available evidence on FASD and how it is likely to predispose affected young people to have contact with secure mental health services and the criminal justice system. Findings – FASD is likely to have become a more common cause of intellectual disability and behavioral disturbance but the history of significant alcohol exposure in utero if often missed. There is evidence that the hyperactivity is less responsive to psychotropic medication and may represent a different condition to conventional ADHD. However the majority of those affected are in the low normal IQ range. Research limitations/implications – There is so far very limited research in what is likely to be a relatively common disorder with significant costs to criminal justice, mental healthcare and social services. Epidemiological information from the UK is lacking and urgently needed. Practical implications – Professionals who work with mentally disordered young people need to be more aware of FASD and its potential contribution to the problems and disabilities in their population. Social implications – Social workers, foster carers and adoptive parents need to be more aware of FASD and how it can contribute to the breakdown of social care. Originality/value – There is currently no other review of FASD and the implications for criminal justice, secure mental health and social care for young people.
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Moola, Fiona, Jacqueline Ladwig, and Cheryl Glazebrook. "“I Felt So Proud of Myself”: The Experiences of Young Adults with Intellectual Disabilities and their Respite Workers in a Nine-Month Dance Program." International Journal of Social, Political and Community Agendas in the Arts 15, no. 1 (2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2326-9960/cgp/v15i01/1-19.
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Solyanova, Maria. "The COVID-19 Pandemic: Key Factors in Canada’s Social Policy Development." Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost, no. 6 (December 2021): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086904990017875-4.
Abstract:
Many studies focus on the COVID-19 pandemic, response mechanisms and response design. At the same time, it becomes more and more obvious that not only the study of economic policy and decisions made by the government in connection with the pandemic is acquiring relevance. As the spread of the disease continues, social problems and difficulties that political elites will have to deal with are exposed in Canadian society. Despite the fact that the government has taken unprecedented measures to expand assistance and social protection to the most vulnerable groups – low-income families, women, senior citizens, young people and children, low-skilled workers, self-employed, people with disabilities, etc. – the pandemic, however, has had a profound impact on society. The government will be forced to adapt its policies in the field of social protection and labor relations, in the field of health and education. This article seeks to explore the key social dimensions of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as factors that can influence the political decisions of the Canadian elite in the near future.
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Mašošins, Jurijs. "Netipiska nodarbinātība (pamatveidi un organizācija)." Sabiedrība un kultūra: rakstu krājums = Society and Culture: conference proceedings, no. XXIV (March 24, 2023): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/sk.2022.24.069.
Abstract:
New forms of work based on new technologies are emerging in the EU economy. One of the significant changes in the labor market is the pluralization of the type of employment relationship and changes in the way work is done. The article deals with atypical employment – employment relationships that do not meet the standard full-time, permanent work for an indefinite period and office work. Atypical employment is also an employment relationship where the employee works for different employers. Non-standard forms of work played an increasingly important role in the labor market, especially during the pandemic; they became especially important, noting the increase in the proportion of atypical contracts. Job instability is a new way of life today. Part of the unresolved labor market problem is structural unemployment and uneven integration of all groups into the labor market: people with disabilities, young students, and the elderly. Legal protection of non-standard workers is relevant. Such persons are not always well insured in terms of social security, unemployment insurance, or access to pensions.
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Heer, Kuljit, Michael Larkin, and John Rose. "The experiences of British South Asian carers caring for a child with developmental disabilities in the UK." Tizard Learning Disability Review 20, no. 4 (October 5, 2015): 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-12-2014-0044.
Abstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of culture in shaping the caregiving experiences of British South Asian families caring for a child with developmental disabilities in the UK. In particular it explores how the coexistence of two distinct cultures (British/South Asian) impacts upon these caregiving experiences. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative design using in-depth interviews and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used with seven parents identifying as British South Asian who had been born in the UK or had moved to the UK as young people. Findings – Three master themes emerged: living with loss, uncertainty and overwhelming responsibility; learning about disability and facing stigma; and having to cope. Research limitations/implications – Using a relatively homogeneous sample of carers this study provides an insight into how exposure to two different cultures shapes the understanding and adaptations of British South Asian carers in the UK. Social implications – Issues in the acculturation of these parents emerge which demonstrate the tensions they face in relating to both South Asian and Western cultural influences. The study makes recommendations for how services can work with such families in order to help them make sense of their children’s disability, access culturally appropriate support and cope with the numerous demands of being a caregiver. Originality/value – This paper contributes to a growing literature on the experience of South Asian parents who care for children with intellectual disabilities. It has important messages for workers about how to support these individuals most effectively.
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Jha, R. K., P. Mahat, R. L. Shrestha, K. B. Kami, A. Chaudhary, and S. Chaudhary. "Study Of The Functioning Level In People Having Psychosocial Disabilities." Journal of Psychiatrists' Association of Nepal 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v8i2.28026.
Abstract:
Introduction: Mental health is state of wellbeing in which as individual realizes in his or her abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community (WHO, 2004). Schizophrenia is a significantly disabling disease that affects social family psychological, vocational and occupational functioning (Lyngdoth, L. et al, 2016). Depressive disorders often start at a young age; they reduce people’s functioning and often are recurring (Marcus et al., 2012). Studies have shown decreased functioning ability in people having mental illness in Nepal. This study was done to explore the impact of mental illness in their daily functioning abilities.
Material And Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 120 people suffering from mental illness (psychosocial disabilities) for more than six months. Mental health social workers who were facilitating mental health self-help group of treatment seeking mental health patients in the health facilities were trained and supervised during data collection. Selected participants were informed about research objectives and received consent for the study. Nepali adopted WHO-DAS-2 (Thapa et al, 2005) was used to collect both demographic and functioning abilities of research participants. Data were analysed using SPSS 20th version mainly for descriptive statistics.
Results: Participants' age ranged from 18-60 years with mean age 29.53 (SD±10.8), with gender distribution 58.3% female and 41.7% male. People with psychosocial disabilities experienced in an average 9.45 days difficulty, average 6.95 days they couldn't do daily work and minimized work for average 3.55 days in the month. Female with mental health problems experienced more difficulties in daily life functioning (S1-S12 items in WHO-DAS) where moderate to severe level difficulties observed than male with mental health problems. Emotional effect due to health problems, talking with unknown people, difficulties in friendship area and doing daily activities were affected significantly statistically (p=0.01, 0.05, 0.04 and 0.02). Ethnicity and gender is significantly correlated with total affected days (r=.221, -.180 p= 0.05, table 3). Gender and total affected working days is correlated but not significant statistically.
Conclusion: Level of functioning is affected significantly in people having psychosocial disabilities; impairment is higher in female, people suffering with severe form of mental illness. Findings indicate need of awareness in mental health. Further research is necessary in larger and representative population including care-taker of mentally ill person.
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Gibbs, Anita. "We are not doing enough for children with neuro-disabilities." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 34, no. 2 (July 16, 2022): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol34iss2id956.
Abstract:
I recently made a submission to the Abuse in Care: Royal Commission of Inquiry on behalf of a young whānau-member survivor who is autistic and lives with Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and mental health issues. I made that submission also because I am a social worker and a staunch advocate for those who live with neuro- disabilities; many of them have experienced early removal from birth families, as well as lifelong rejection and misunderstanding by systems of education, health, care and justice. In my submission, I discussed how today’s current care and justice systems cause as much harm to children and whānau as historic ones. In my recent Reimagining Social Work blog (Gibbs, 2022), I highlighted the harm to children caused specifically by current, residence-based interventions in youth justice, but in this piece, I also want to highlight how multiple aspects of both current care and protection, and youth justice provision harm our children with neuro-disabilities. In a future, research-based article, I will highlight specific findings on best practices for working in the justice space for youth living with FASD (in preparation).
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Totolan, Mircea Damian, Mariana Colasiz, and Vlad-Alexandru Cioranu. "The situation of professional integration of young people and adults with disabilities through the supported employment system." „Black Sea” Journal of Psychology 14, no. 3 (December 13, 2023): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/bspsychology.bsjop.v14i3.248.
Abstract:
The general purpose of this research is to assess the level of social and professional integration of a sample of graduates with disabilities coming from the School Center for Inclusive Education "Albatros" Constanta who benefit from supported employment. In this regard, with the support of the school management, former principals, the two teachers-psycho-pedagogues and the social worker, we started identifying and collecting this information using as working methods and techniques: biographical method (anamnesis and catamnesis), analysis of school and archival documents, conversation and survey method based on the questionnaire technique (Social and Professional Integration Assessment Questionnaire - ISP) and administered a scale from a questionnaire of personality that measures the facet "happiness".
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Scheibner, Maxi, Cora Scheibner, Frauke Hornemann, Maria Arélin, Yvonne Doris Hennig, Henriette Kiep, Ulrike Wurst, Andreas Merkenschlager, and Janina Gburek-Augustat. "The Impact of Demographic Characteristics on Parenting Stress among Parents of Children with Disabilities: A Cross-Sectional Study." Children 11, no. 2 (February 13, 2024): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children11020239.
Abstract:
Even though it is already known that parents of children with developmental delays or disabilities experience higher parenting stress than families of typically developing children, the contributing factors need to be analyzed in more detail. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the influence of demographic characteristics on parenting stress from caring for a disabled child and to identify possible protective or additional stressful social factors. A total of 611 mothers and fathers of children with developmental delays, chronic diseases, or disabilities completed two questionnaires during their medical appointments at the Children’s Development Center (CDC) of Leipzig University Hospital between June 2020 and February 2021. These consisted of the German versions of the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and the Impact on Family Scale (IOFS). To determine differences between the various groups, we used parametric and non-parametric tests. Mothers and single parents are significantly more strained than fathers and non-single parents. Parents with vocational training, those who graduated with a higher-level diploma, and those within employment report a higher financial burden. While unemployed and full-time workers experience the lowest stress, parents who work part-time or exclusively take care of their child show higher levels of stress. Looking at the age of the child, parents of children of young primary school age are the most stressed, and those of infants are the least stressed. These findings suggest that mothers and single parents especially should receive more support, and parents need to be provided with more attention during their child’s entry into school. Possible limitations and the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed.
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de Paz-Báñez, Manuela A., María José Asensio-Coto, Celia Sánchez-López, and María-Teresa Aceytuno. "Is There Empirical Evidence on How the Implementation of a Universal Basic Income (UBI) Affects Labour Supply? A Systematic Review." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (November 13, 2020): 9459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229459.
Abstract:
The objective of this article is to determine, as conclusively as possible, if the implementation of a Universal Basic Income (UBI) would lead to a significant reduction in the working age population labour supply. If this were true, implementation of a UBI may not be sustainable. To do this, we will compile empirical evidence from studies over the last few decades on the effects of implementation of a UBI on employment. We apply the PRISMA methodology to better judge their validity, which ensures maximum reliability of the results by avoiding biases and making the work reproducible. Given that the methodologies used in these studies are diverse, they are reviewed to contextualize the results taking into account the possible limitations detected in these methodologies. While many authors have been writing about this issue citing experiences or experiments, the added value of this article is that it performs a systematic review following a widely tested scientific methodology. Over 1200 documents that discuss the UBI/employment relationship have been reviewed. We found a total of 50 empirical cases, of which 18 were selected, and 38 studies with contrasted empirical evidence on this relationship. The results speak for themselves: Despite a detailed search, we have not found any evidence of a significant reduction in labour supply. Instead, we found evidence that labour supply increases globally among adults, men and women, young and old, and the existence of some insignificant and functional reductions to the system such as a decrease in workers from the following categories: Children, the elderly, the sick, those with disabilities, women with young children to look after, or young people who continued studying. These reductions do not reduce the overall supply since it is largely offset by increased supply from other members of the community.
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Gibbs, Anita. "Best practices for justice: Practitioner views on understanding and helping youth living with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 34, no. 4 (December 14, 2022): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol34iss4id977.
Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: International studies and New Zealand publications note that care groups, as well as youth and adult justice populations, have high rates of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) and other neuro-disabilities, alongside mental health problems and adverse childhood experiences. This research explores justice practitioner views of helping young people living with FASD, especially when they come into contact with the youth justice system in Aotearoa New Zealand. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 11 practitioners that included social workers, disability advocates, police, legal professionals, and others working in the justice space with youth living with FASD. Stakeholders were asked what practices might help youth do well in the justice space, but also what changes need to happen in systems of health, care, justice or disability in order to ensure those living with FASD have wellbeing. FINDINGS: Practitioners noted widespread ignorance about FASD, resulting in delays in getting appropriate supports for youth living with FASD. Practitioners spoke of the importance of early diagnosis leading to early intervention but how rare that was. Wellbeing of youth was vital but there were too many barriers to fair and equal participation for youth living with FASD in all aspects of society. All systems needed to understand FASD and provide specialist FASD services and supports. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Urgent training and practice guidance is required for all professionals working in the youth justice space. Practice needs to ensure disability rights are upheld to enable flourishing and participation by young people often on the margins of society.
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Dmytrenko, D. O. "CONCEPT AND LEGAL REGULATION OF NIGHT WORK IN UKRAINE AND SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES." Actual problems of native jurisprudence 4, no. 4 (August 2021): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/392177.
Abstract:
This article is devoted to comparative legal analysis of night work in Ukraine, Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Finland, and Sweden. International Labor Organisation Convention concerning night work No 171 has not been ratified by Ukraine and any of the countries of Scandinavian legal model, and therefore, labor legislation of these countries does not comply with international legal standards. The only exception is Denmark, where provisions of Directive 2003/88/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 concerning certain aspects of the organisation of working time were partially implemented. The only exception is Denmark, where provisions of Directive 2003/88/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 concerning certain aspects of the organisation of working time were partially implemented. Denmark implemeted provision concerning night workers’ right to free medical examination: before the appointment of an employee to regular night shifts; periodically; and in case of health problems caused by factors relating to night work. The author determines that only Finnish labor law contains a detailed and specific list of situations where night work can be used. Ukraine and Sweden are the only countries from the list of examined countries, where any night work of young workers is prohibited, which means that those provisions are, in fact, discriminatory against persons employed in the field of culture, arts, sports or advertising, as well as those who undergo training practice under the guidance of adult. Unlike legislation of Scandinavian countries where working in night hours can be compensated by providing employees additional rest periods, Labor Code of Ukraine provides only one form of compensation in form of increased wages. It is concluded that Article 175 of the Labor Code of Ukraine is discriminatory against women and contradicts Article 24 of the Constitution of Ukraine. The legislation of the Scandinavian countries does not contain any restrictions on the night work of women, as workers of any gender can work in night time only with their voluntary consent. However, in Ukraine, only persons with disabilities can be involved in night work with voluntary consent.