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Journal articles on the topic "Young women Victoria Alcohol use"

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Nguyen, Tu Q., Pamela M. Simpson, and Belinda J. Gabbe. "The prevalence of pre-existing mental health, drug and alcohol conditions in major trauma patients." Australian Health Review 41, no. 3 (2017): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah16050.

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Objective Capturing information about mental health, drug and alcohol conditions in injury datasets is important for improving understanding of injury risk and outcome. This study describes the prevalence of pre-existing mental health, drug and alcohol conditions in major trauma patients based on routine discharge data coding. Methods Data were extracted from the population-based Victorian State Trauma Registry (July 2005 to June 2013, n = 16 096). Results Seventeen percent of major trauma patients had at least one mental health condition compared with the Australian population prevalence of 21%. The prevalence of mental health conditions was similar to the Australian population prevalence in men (19% v. 18%), but lower in women (14% v. 25%) and across all age groups. Mental health conditions were more prevalent in intentional self-harm cases (56.3%) compared with unintentional (13.8%) or other intentional (31.2%) cases. Substance use disorders were more prevalent in major trauma patients than the general population (15% v. 5%), higher in men than women (17% v. 10%) and was highest in young people aged 25–34 years (24%). Conclusions Under-reporting of mental health conditions in hospital discharge data appears likely, reducing the capacity to characterise the injury population. Further validation is needed. What is known about the topic? Medical record review, routine hospital discharge data and self-report have been used by studies previously to characterise mental health, drug and alcohol conditions in injured populations, with medical record review considered the most accurate and reliance on self-report measures being considered at risk of recall bias. The use of routinely collected data sources provides an efficient and standardised method of characterising pre-existing conditions, but may underestimate the true prevalence of conditions. What does this paper add? No study to date has explored the prevalence of Abbreviated Injury Scale and International Classification of Diseases and Health Related Problems, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-a.m)-coded mental health, alcohol and drug conditions in seriously injured populations. The results of this study show the incidence of mental health conditions appeared to be under-reported in major trauma patients, suggesting limitations in the use of ICD-10-a.m. to measure mental health comorbidities. What are the implications for practitioners? In order to achieve improvements in measuring mental health, drug and alcohol comorbidities, we suggest the use of a series of different diagnostic systems to be used in conjunction with ICD-10-a.m., such as medical record review and self-reporting as well as linkage to other datasets. When applied simultaneously, diagnosis and outcomes of mental health may be compared and validated across diagnostic systems and deviations in diagnoses could be more readily accounted for.
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Crome, Ilana B., and Manoj T. Kumar. "Epidemiology of drug and alcohol use in young women." Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 12, no. 2 (April 2007): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.siny.2006.12.002.

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Agrawal, Arpana, Anna M. Constantino, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Anne Glowinski, Pamela A. F. Madden, Andrew C. Heath, and Michael T. Lynskey. "Characterizing Alcohol Use Disorders and Suicidal Ideation in Young Women." Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 74, no. 3 (May 2013): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2013.74.406.

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Chang, Grace, E. John Orav, Jennifer A. Jones, Tatyana Buynitsky, Stephanie Gonzalez, and Louise Wilkins-Haug. "Self-reported Alcohol and Drug Use in Pregnant Young Women." Journal of Addiction Medicine 5, no. 3 (September 2011): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/adm.0b013e318214360b.

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Stein, Michael D., Celeste M. Caviness, and Bradley J. Anderson. "Alcohol Use Potentiates Marijuana Problem Severity in Young Adult Women." Women's Health Issues 24, no. 1 (January 2014): e77-e82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2013.10.005.

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Goudie, A. J., J. C. Cole, H. Sumnall, and M. Field. "Impulsivity related to “obesity” and alcohol use in young women." Appetite 51, no. 3 (November 2008): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.05.041.

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Thompson, Kara, Maria Holley, Clea Sturgess, and Bonnie Leadbeater. "Co-Use of Alcohol and Cannabis: Longitudinal Associations with Mental Health Outcomes in Young Adulthood." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (March 31, 2021): 3652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073652.

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Increases in cannabis use among young people has heightened concern about the potential interactive health effects of cannabis with other drugs. We examined the longitudinal association between concurrent and simultaneous (SAM) co-use of alcohol and cannabis in young adulthood on mental health symptoms, substance use behaviors, and substance-related harms two years later. Data were drawn from Time 5 (T5; n = 464; 46% male) and 6 (T6; n = 478; 45% male) of the Victoria Healthy Youth Survey. At T5, 42% of participants used alcohol-only, 13% used concurrently, 41% used SAM, 1% were cannabis only users, and 3% abstained from cannabis and alcohol. Boys were more likely to use SAM. Higher T5 SAM use frequency was associated with heavier use of substances, more substance-related harms, and symptoms of psychosis and externalizing problems at T6. T5 Concurrent use was associated with conduct symptoms, illicit drug use, and alcohol use disorders at T6 relative to alcohol-only use. Cannabis is commonly used with alcohol and the findings suggest that any co-use (concurrent or simultaneous) may be problematic in young adulthood. Public health messages need to explicitly inform consumers about the possible consequences of using both alcohol and marijuana and the addictive pharmacological impact of using them together.
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Davey, Jeremy D. "Determinants of Binge Drinking and Alcohol Use by Young Australian Women." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing 10, no. 2 (April 1997): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6171.1997.tb00275.x.

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Kumar, M. T. "Epidemiology of Substance use in Pregnancy." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70541-3.

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An understanding of the epidemiology of alcohol and drug use in young women is important to appreciate the considerable morbidity and mortality associated with it and to understand the impact of such use on offspring. Although abstention rates are consistently higher among women than men in general substance misuse is increasing in young women. Differences in definitions, measurement techniques, availability, social acceptability and affordability partly explain the great variability in reported prevalence rates. Alcohol exposure among pregnant women varies from 0.2% to 14.8%. An Australian national survey revealed that nearly half of pregnant and or breast-feeding women up to 6 months postpartum were using alcohol. A Swedish study reported risky use of alcohol during the first 6 weeks of pregnancy, at 15%. Cannabis use among pregnant women varies from 1.8% to 15%. The reported prevalence of opiate use during pregnancy ranges from 1.65 to 8.5%. Cocaine use among pregnant women is reported to be between 0.3% and 9.5. Most pregnant women stop or reduce their substance use during pregnancy and this might be an opportune moment for detection and treatment. Substance use tends to increase sharply in the postpartum period with adverse consequences on mother and baby. Perinatal substance misuse interventions can reduce adverse neonatal outcomes. On the basis of relatively high rate of substance use disorders during pregnancy and postpartum period, effective screening and intervention strategies should be implemented.
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Kumar, M. T. "Epidemiology of Substance Use in Pregnancy." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70314-1.

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An understanding of the epidemiology of alcohol and drug use in young women is important to appreciate the considerable morbidity and mortality associated with it and to understand the impact of such use on offspring. Although abstention rates are consistently higher among women than men in general substance misuse is increasing in young women. Differences in definitions, measurement techniques, availability, social acceptability and affordability partly explain the great variability in reported prevalence rates. Alcohol exposure among pregnant women varies from 0.2% to 14.8%. An Australian national survey revealed that nearly half of pregnant and or breast-feeding women up to 6 months postpartum were using alcohol. A Swedish study reported risky use of alcohol during the first 6 weeks of pregnancy, at 15%. Cannabis use among pregnant women varies from 1.8% to 15%. The reported prevalence of opiate use during pregnancy ranges from 1.65 to 8.5%. Cocaine use among pregnant women is reported to be between 0.3% and 9.5. Most pregnant women stop or reduce their substance use during pregnancy and this might be an opportune moment for detection and treatment. Substance use tends to increase sharply in the postpartum period with adverse consequences on mother and baby. Perinatal substance misuse interventions can reduce adverse neonatal outcomes. On the basis of relatively high rate of substance use disorders during pregnancy and postpartum period, effective screening and intervention strategies should be implemented.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Young women Victoria Alcohol use"

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Edwards, Ruth Edwards. "Young adult women with problematic alcohol use: The impact of social capital on recovery." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/201788/2/Ruth_Edwards_Thesis.pdf.

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This study investigated young women's social networks that can help or hinder recovery from problematic alcohol use. The views of experienced staff in alcohol and drug outreach services were examined, finding that social interactions mostly hindered young women's recovery due to the socially embedded acceptance of alcohol use within families, peers and communities. Legislation, policy and practice changes are needed to disseminate information about alcohol harms and encourage help seeking. At agency level, shifting from individualistic approaches to those more inclusive of social networks may activate support from family and friends and result in more positive outcomes for young women.
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Hitch, Anthony E. "Abuse, Emotion Dysregulation, and Problematic Alcohol Use in African American Young Women." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1563525545282689.

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Stewart, Sherry Heather. "Anxiety sensitivity and risk for alcohol abuse in young adult females." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41202.

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Much empirical evidence attests to a strong relationship between the panic-related disorders and alcoholism. Recent data suggest that anxiety sensitivity (fear of anxiety) may be one common underlying vailable contributing to the large degree of overlap between the panic-related disorders and alcoholism. In fact, some data indicate that the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and alcohol misuse may be particularly strong in women, a group which is generally underrepresented in the alcoholism etiology literature. Research described in this thesis was conducted with the aim of further elucidating the nature of the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and alcohol use/abuse in young adult women. The series of seven experiments included in this thesis demonstrated that: (1) high levels of anxiety sensitivity are characteristic of subjects meeting diagnostic criteria for panic disorder, an anxiety disorder frequently associated with alcohol abuse; (2) female university students demonstrate significantly higher average levels of anxiety sensitivity than male university students; (3) anxiety sensitivity is an important predictor of self-reported rates of alcohol consumption in university women; (4) high anxiety sensitive university students are both more likely to report drinking alcohol primarily to "cope" with negative emotional states, and less likely to report drinking alcohol primarily for social-affiliative motives, than are low anxiety sensitive university students; (5) high anxiety sensitive women display greater degrees of sober subjective-emotional arousal when anticipating aversive stimulation, greater degrees of sober electrodermal reactivity to the aversive stimulation, and greater sensitivity to the dampening effects of alcohol on these measures of reactivity, than low anxiety sensitive controls; (6) high anxiety sensitive women show a sober attentional bias favoring the processing of physically threatening information, which is dampened through th
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Brooks, Oona. "Negotiating power, resistance and control : young women's safety in bars, pubs and clubs." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2049.

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Contemporary young women would appear to enjoy greater freedoms to consume alcohol and socialise in bars, pubs and clubs than their predecessors. However, concern about women’s level of alcohol consumption, drink spiking and drug-assisted sexual assault have contributed to a renewed focus on safety advice for young women in these social settings. This thesis examines the views, experiences and behaviours of 35 young women in relation to their safety in bars, pubs and clubs using qualitative data from interviews and focus groups with young women (18-25 years) in Scotland. Exploring the divergent claims made within feminist structural and poststructural perspectives, this thesis develops a nuanced understanding of young women’s safety in bars, pubs and clubs by drawing upon the theoretical concepts of power, resistance and social control. Constraints on women’s leisure imposed by patriarchal structures, safety concerns and notions of ‘appropriate femininity’, formed a significant focus of early feminist theorising in this area. More recently, however, poststuctural feminist theorists have highlighted the opportunities that leisure experiences may offer women for liberation by providing a means to resist conventional cultural discourses around feminine identities. To a certain extent, the findings from this study challenge the conventional construction of consuming alcohol and socialising in bars, pubs and clubs as a masculine leisure pursuit, by identifying this leisure activity as a central aspect of young women’s social lives. However, young women’s experiences and behaviours within bars, pubs and clubs remain significantly structured by gender and young women perceive the risks that they experience in these settings to have increased over time. The continuing salience of gender is evident in the way that women access bars, pubs and clubs, their safety concerns and experiences, and ultimately their behaviour within these venues. Young women’s safety concerns in this context are overwhelmingly related to the fear and reality of sexual violence, lending credence to social control theories espoused by radical feminists. These concerns and the individualising discourse embodied within safety literature results in women normalising and taking individual responsibility for preventing sexual assault. This reflects the positioning of sexual violence as an inevitable fixed reality, thus evading the need to question the behaviour of men who choose to sexually assault and harass women in bars, pubs and clubs. Safety behaviours adopted by young women in bars, pubs and clubs are complex and contradictory in that they simultaneously adopt, resist and transgress those advocated within safety literature. Since these safety behaviours are inextricably linked to normative femininity and gendered expectations of women’s behaviour in bars, pubs and clubs, they are more adequately theorised as ‘accommodating techniques’ than ‘resistant practices’. These findings pose significant difficulties for locating women’s experiences of consuming alcohol in bars, pubs and clubs within a poststructuralist framework of liberation and freedom; in some respects, it would appear that women’s behaviour within these social spaces is subject to heightened regulation and control. While poststructural theorising about power and resistance is of some assistance in illuminating the process of how safety concerns regulate women’s behaviour, alongside the possibility of resistance, understanding young women’s safety is best served by an appreciation of feminist structural perspectives which highlight the salience of gender, and in particular the power of gendered norms and taboos which continue to operate with regard to women’s sexuality. Ultimately, bars, pubs and clubs remain a social space infused with gendered expectations and risks.
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Adams, Julie L. "High risk alcohol consumption and contraceptive use by young women in the Greater Victoria area." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1691.

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High-risk alcohol consumption in combination with unprotected sexual activity can have deleterious results for the individual, their family and their larger community. In this investigation, a secondary analysis was performed on the female data of Wave 3 of the Healthy Youth Survey to determine rates of female drinking and unprotected sex and to create a predictive model of high-risk drinking behaviour. Three dependent variables were examined: heavy drinking, weekly binge drinking and having a CAGE score of 2 or more, and Jessor and Jessor's (1977) Problem Behaviour Theory is drawn on in the interpretation of results. Age, the influence of negative peers, physical victimization, and the presence of an addiction-prone personality were found to be predictive of engaging in heavy drinking and weekly binge drinking; the influence of negative peers was found to be predictive in having a CAGE score of 2 or more. A difference in contraceptive use was only found for the young women engaging in weekly binge drinking. The results of this study highlight the importance of how different drinking styles can impact the likelihood of engaging in high-risk sex.
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Jun, Jina. "Long-term associations between childhood sexual/physical violence experience, alcohol use, depressive symptoms, and risky sexual behaviors among young adult women." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/21275.

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Current literature lacks longitudinal understandings of the association between childhood sexual/physical violence, alcohol use, depressive symptoms, and indiscriminant sexual behaviors among young women, as well as the racial/ethnic differences in these associations. Therefore, using the 1994-2008 National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, this study examined a) heterogeneous growth trajectories of problem alcohol use during the transition from adolescents to young adulthood and the impact of childhood sexual/physical violence on drinking trajectories, b) the long-term impact of childhood sexual/physical violence on alcohol use and depressive symptoms, and c) the structural associations between childhood sexual/physical violence and indiscriminant sexual behaviors by examining alcohol use and depressive symptoms as mediators between White and African-American women. First, with 1,702 women, LCGM was used to identify trajectories of problem alcohol use using the first three waves. Four trajectories of problem alcohol use emerged: stable abstainers; decliners (moderate-low); incliners (low-moderate); and rapid incliners (low-high). From the bivariate level analyses, in reference to stable abstainers, White women who experienced childhood sexual/physical violence were more likely to be rapid incliners (low-high). Second, with 1,756 women, autoregressive cross-lagged path models were performed to test longitudinal associations between childhood sexual/physical violence, problem alcohol use, and depressive symptoms of White and African-American women. Both groups demonstrated significant association between childhood sexual/physical violence and subsequent development of depressive symptoms, while only White women demonstrated significant association with subsequent problem alcohol use. Third, with 1,388 women, SEM and multigroup SEM were used to test pathways between childhood sexual/physical violence and indiscriminant sexual behaviors for White and African-American women. SEM indicates that problem alcohol use and depressive symptoms mediated the proposed relationship. Multigroup SEM indicates that, for White women, both problem alcohol use and depressive symptoms mediated the association between childhood sexual/physical violence and indiscriminant sexual behaviors, while only depressive symptoms mediated the proposed association for African-American women. These findings highlight the importance of designing and providing effective prevention and treatment programs for women who experienced childhood sexual/physical violence to interrupt subsequent problem alcohol use, depressive symptoms, and indiscriminant sexual behaviors.
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Books on the topic "Young women Victoria Alcohol use"

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Buczkiewicz, Martin. AWAAZ: Asian young Women and alcohol : an account of youth work on alcohol issues with a group of Asian young women. Salford: TACADE, 1994.

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Zailckas, Koren. Smashed: Story of a drunken girlhood. Prince Frederick, MD: RB Large Print, 2005.

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Smashed: Story of a drunken girlhood. New York: Penguin, 2006.

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Dyhouse, Professor Carol. Girl Trouble: Panic and Progress in the History of Young Women. Bloomsbury Academic & Professional, 2014.

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Dyhouse, Professor Carol. Girl Trouble: Panic and Progress in the History of Young Women. Zed Books, Limited, 2014.

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Dyhouse, Professor Carol. Girl Trouble: Panic and Progress in the History of Young Women. Bloomsbury Academic & Professional, 2013.

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Dyhouse, Professor Carol. Girl Trouble: Panic and Progress in the History of Young Women. Zed Books, Limited, 2014.

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Zailckas, Koren. Smashed. Ebury Press, 2005.

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Zailckas, Koren. Smashed: Growing Up a Drunk Girl. Ebury press, 2006.

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Zailckas, Koren. Smashed: Story of a Drunken Girlhood. Tantor Media, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Young women Victoria Alcohol use"

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Pitchforth, Jacqueline, and Dougal Hargreaves. "Adolescent non-communicable diseases." In Oxford Textbook of Global Health of Women, Newborns, Children, and Adolescents, edited by Delan Devakumar, Jennifer Hall, Zeshan Qureshi, and Joy Lawn, 65–69. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198794684.003.0013.

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Four non-communicable diseases (NCDs): cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory conditions, are responsible for 63% of deaths worldwide. Most of these deaths (86%) occur in low and middle-income countries, where the highest proportion of adolescents live. Four shared behavioural risk factors for NCDs (tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and harmful use of alcohol) are usually acquired during adolescence and persist throughout life. For example, globally 100,000 young people start smoking each day and over 90% of adults who smoke started during childhood or adolescence. This chapter will explore each of these risk factors, the impact on adolescent health and what steps are being taken to address these problems, as well as the contribution of chronic disease to the NCDs.
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"opportunities. Yet, statistics suggest that adolescent girls have ironi-cally found a way of achieving parity with their male counterparts. It is through their entry to the use and abuse of chemicals. It could be stated that drugs have become an artificial means of achieving em-powerment. • Since 1991, there is little difference in the rate of alcohol and il-licit drug use among eighth grade girls and boys. For some drugs, eighth grade girls have even higher rates of usage (e.g., inhalants and stimulants. (1995 Monitoring the Future Survey) (MTFS). • Heavy drinking has increased significantly among young, employed women over the last 40 years in the United States. As many as 16% of these women may be consuming three to five drinks per day (CASA, 1996; US Dept. of Health & Human Ser-vices, Office for Substance Abuse Prevention, 1991). • In 1995, nearly one-tenth of eighth grade girls were current smokers, the same rate for eighth grade boys (CASA, 1995). • Young women between the ages of 16 and 22 are more likely to smoke cigarettes than their male counterparts (US Dept. of Health & Human Services, Office for Substance Abuse Prevention, 1991). • From 1991 to 1995, the rate of past-month marijuana use among eighth grade girls has risen slightly faster than the rate among boys during the same period, (MTFS, 1995). • Today's daughters are 15 times likelier than their mothers to be-gin using illegal drugs by the age of 15 (CASA, 1996, p. 2). The rise in the statistics for females is compelling in relation to the prevention dollars that have been spent in the last 20 years. Drug Use as a Metaphor of Independence and Dependence However, to view use of a substance as a solution to a problem casts a different shadow upon our understanding of the motivating forces to use and abuse chemicals in our society. This in turn presents a whole new interpretation of risk and prevention. In a profound twist, sub-stance abuse can be seen as a symptom that is "socially useful" or functional in our society. The symptom is a metaphorical expression of and response to cultural ailments. Addiction is an attempt at its remedy (Barrett, 1992). It can be best understood as an adaptation to one's environment (Peele, 1989), albeit a poor one. In this framework,." In Family Systems/Family Therapy, 45–60. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203725184-7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Young women Victoria Alcohol use"

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DREWNOWSKI, ADAM, DEAN D. KRAHN, CANDANCE L. KURTH, EDITH GOMBERG, and MARK DEMITRACK. "DIETING SEVERITY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO ALCOHOL AND DRUG USE IN YOUNG WOMEN." In IX World Congress of Psychiatry. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814440912_0143.

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Fairlie, Anne, Christine Lee, and Mary Larimer. "Differences in Marijuana Use, Consequences, and Motives based on Young Adults’ Interest in Reducing their Marijuana Use or Consequences: May 2021 Data from a High-risk Community Sample." In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.09.

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Purpose. This study contributes to our understanding of the factors associated with young adults’ interest in reducing their marijuana use or consequences during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study compared high-risk young adults who indicated they were open to or thinking about changing their marijuana use to those who were satisfied with their marijuana use. These two groups were compared on biological sex, age, marijuana use, consequences, and 12 motives. Method. The data were part of a larger longitudinal study that recruited a community sample of young adults from the Seattle WA area (ages 18-25 at recruitment), who reported recent alcohol use and also simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use. Participants were recruited through various methods including social media and Craigslist advertisements. Participants completed a baseline survey and six 2-week bursts of online daily surveys across two years as well as other follow-up surveys. Data presented here were collected in May 2021, the final follow-up assessment point. May 2021 data were collected from 376 participants (92% of the original recruited sample), and the current analyses focus on the 265 participants who reported using marijuana in the past month (50.6% females, 48.68% non-Hispanic/Latinx White, mean age = 24.58 (SD = 2.20). Results. Over one-third (37.7%, n = 100) indicated they were open to changing or currently thinking about changing their marijuana use by using less or by reducing marijuana’s negative effects. Almost two-thirds (60.4%, n = 160) indicated they were satisfied with their use of marijuana, 1.5% (n = 4) indicated they were currently seeking or in treatment for marijuana use, and 0.4% (n = 1) did not provide a response. More men (44.60%) than women (32.30%) indicated they were open to changing or currently thinking about changing their marijuana use by using less or by reducing marijuana’s negative effects. Young adults who indicated they were open to or thinking about changing their use reported significantly more hours high in a typical week and more marijuana consequences than those who were satisfied with their use of marijuana. Finally, young adults who indicated they were open to or thinking about changing their use reported significantly higher scores for the following seven marijuana motives: coping, boredom, altered perceptions, social anxiety, perceived low risk, sleep, and availability. No differences were found for five marijuana motives: enjoyment, conformity, experimentation, alcohol-related, and celebration. Conclusions. Findings underscore the potential role of negative consequences as a motivator for young adults’ interest in reducing their marijuana use. Coping motives, social anxiety motives, and sleep motives may be of particular importance with respect to young adults’ self-motivation to change and facilitating the process of change.
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Taguba, Korina Kaye, Matthew Keough, Adrian Bravo, and Jeffrey Wardell. "Assessment of Impaired Control Over Cannabis Consumption: Psychometric Properties of the Impaired Control Scale-Cannabis (ICS-C)." In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.07.

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Background: Impaired control over substance use is a construct that is central to addiction and appears to play an early role in the development of addictive behaviors. The Impaired Control Scale (ICS) was developed to measure impaired control over alcohol, which has been associated with problem drinking and alcohol-related problems in young adults. However, there is relatively less research regarding impaired control over cannabis, and currently there is a lack of a comprehensive and valid scale that specifically measures this construct. This study addresses this gap in the literature by introducing the Impaired Control Scale-Cannabis (ICS-C), an adaptation of the ICS designed to measure impaired control over cannabis. We conducted a preliminary examination of the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the ICS-C. Methods: An online survey was administered to introductory psychology students (N=362; 63% women; 66% White, mean age=19.91) at two Canadian Universities who reported using cannabis at least once in the past month (average frequency = 9.34 days; SD = 9.60). All participants completed the ICS and ICS-C along with measures of cannabis use and problems, including the Impaired Control subscale of the Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire (MACQ-IC). A subset of participants completed additional measures of impulsivity and self-regulation. Results: An exploratory factor analysis (EFA, with an oblique rotation) of the 25 items of the ICS-C yielded 3 factors, one of which was comprised solely of reverse keyed items (despite reverse coding items prior to the EFA). These items were trimmed from the measure and the EFA was rerun. Two factors emerged: Attempted Control (i.e., frequency of attempts to control cannabis use) and a factor comprised of items assessing both Failed Control (i.e., unsuccessful attempts in limiting cannabis use) and Perceived Control (i.e., beliefs about the ability to control cannabis use in the future). Given that the Failed and Perceived Control items unexpectedly loaded on the same factor, suggesting high redundancy in the concepts of Failed and Perceived control, the items assessing Perceived Control were dropped from subsequent analyses. The final solution consisted of two factors, Attempted Control (alpha=0.96) and Failed control (alpha=0.88). High correlations between the MACQ-IC and ICS-C Attempted Control (r=0.42, p<.001) and Failed Control (r=0.67, p<.001) scales provided evidence for convergent validity. Weaker correlations between ICS (alcohol version) and ICS-C Attempted Control (r=0.36, p<.001) and Failed Control (r=0.34, p<.001) scales supported discriminant validity. Concurrent validity was demonstrated based on the moderate and statistically significant correlations of the ICS-C Failed Control subscale and frequency of cannabis use (r=0.47, p<.001) and grams of cannabis used (r=0.44, p<.001). Additional evidence for concurrent and discriminant validity were also found in the patterns of correlations between the ICS-C subscales and measures of impulsivity and self-regulation. Conclusions: ICS-C is a promising tool that can be used to assess impaired control over cannabis in young adults. Future research should confirm the factor structure of the ICS-C and examine its utility to screen for impaired control in the context of prevention and early intervention for cannabis-related problems.
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