Journal articles on the topic 'York Region'
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1
Cronkwright Kirkos, W., T. Carrique, K. Griffen, and A. P. La Barge. "The York Region Methamphetamine Strategy." Canadian Medical Association Journal 178, no. 13 (June 17, 2008): 1655–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.071299.
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Yatsenko, Borys, and Olena Denysenko. "METROPOLITAN REGION: EVOLUTION OF THINKING AND SPATIAL ORGANIZATION FOR THE CASE OF NEW YORK METROPOLITAN AREA." GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM, no. 66 (2021): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2308-135x.2021.66.45-53.
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Aim. The article is aimed to show the evolution of approaches and current thinking on metropolitan regions in the context of world urbanization; to analyze the main tendencies of New York metropolitan area development – one of the biggest metropolitan regions in the world with a core in a global city; basing on the case of New York, to illustrate the evolution of the methodology for metropolitan region delineation, its planning and spatial development in long-term perspective. Methodology. The methodology is based on a long-term analysis of the dynamics of New York city as well as spatial organization of the metropolitan region from the viewpoint of the evolution of approaches for delineation of the urbanized areas in the US and spatial planning perspectives, basing on several generations of New York metropolitan area regional plans. Results. The article reflects the evolution of ideas and basic concepts of metropolitan regions development as spatial entities. Basing on the US experience in the methodology of urban areas delineation, the main changes over recent decades and their relation to urbanization processes are reflected, in particular the role of low-density corridors, population density and housing density as criteria for urban areas identification is analyzed. This experience can be used to develop a methodology for identifying metropolitan regions in Ukraine, making delineation process and providing more balanced governance policy for these regions. Using the example of New York, the article shows the need to constantly update and adapt governance and planning policies in such regions, which is reflected in changes of managing growth, now mostly focusing on reducing segregation, preventing climate change, enhancing institutional transformations and strengthening the role of spatial planning. Novelty. Revealing the experience of metropolitan regions delineation, challenges for their spatial development and planning strategy for the case of New York metropolitan area, the article reflects actual methodological approaches to metropolitan regions delineation, making governance policy and spatial planning that can be adapted in Ukraine. Among the key proposed changes aimed at strengthening the sustainable development of such regions in Ukraine - development the methodology for their delineation, elaboration of metropolitan region development strategy and spatial planning for the whole region.
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Schreuder, Y. "The German-American Pharmaceutical Business Establishment in the New York Metropolitan Region." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 30, no. 10 (October 1998): 1743–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a301743.
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Between World War 1 and World War 2, the New York metropolitan region became the main region for the production of organic synthetic pharmaceuticals in the United States. The leaders in this area of specialization were subsidiaries of foreign—mostly German—companies which had established distribution networks in the 19th century and had begun manufacturing pharmaceuticals in the region at the turn of the century. By looking back to the mid-19th century, the author analyzes the relationships between the German professional and business immigrant community in New York (among them the Forty-Eighters), the development of the New York hinterland, and the success of the German-American pharmaceutical business establishment, in an effort to discern one possible explanation of the concentration of the pharmaceutical industry in New York metropolitan region.
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Taillefer, Amélie Grégoire, and Terry A. Wheeler. "The genus Calamoncosis in the Nearctic region (Diptera: Chloropidae)." Canadian Entomologist 143, no. 6 (December 2011): 652–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n11-040.
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AbstractThe Nearctic fauna of the genus Calamoncosis Enderlein is reviewed. Five species are present in eastern North America: C. carncrossi Nartshuk was recently described from New York; the Palearctic species C. aprica (Meigen) and C. glyceriae Nartshuk are newly recorded, and two new species, C. brooksi and C. munda, are described from eastern North America. A sixth species present in the Nearctic Region is represented by one female specimen and is not identifiable. Most Nearctic specimens were collected in peatlands or marshes in Quebec, but there are scattered records from other grass-dominated habitats in Ontario, Manitoba, New York, and Texas. A key to the described species of Calamoncosis in the Nearctic Region is given.
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Warf, Barney. "Japanese Investments in the New York Metropolitan Region." Geographical Review 78, no. 3 (July 1988): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/215000.
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Toz, Ali Cemal, Burak Koseoglu, and Cenk Sakar. "Numerical modelling of oil spill in New York Bay." Archives of Environmental Protection 42, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aep-2016-0037.
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Abstract New York Bay is one of the most important transition regions of ships trading to east America. The region plays an important role in the commerce of the New York metropolitan area. The area is surrounded with the coasts that have various levels of environmental sensitivity. The area accommodates high diversity of native ecosystems and species that are rather vulnerable in case of oil spill. Thus getting well informed about the likelihood, or fate, of oil spills around this region is of great importance so that proactive measures can be taken. The purpose of this study is to investigate the oil spill and predict the future accidents likely to be encountered around the Bay of New York. Two trajectory models have been conducted for the study. ADIOS (Automated Data Inquiry for Oil Spills), has been conducted for natural degradation calculations, and, GNOME (General NOAA Operational Modeling Environment), has been conducted for surface spread simulation. The results gained through these efforts are hoped to be useful for many organizations dealing with oil spill response operations and contribute to an effective and efficient coordination among the relevant institutions.
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Yeung, June K., James A. Smith, Mary Lynn Baeck, and Gabriele Villarini. "Lagrangian Analyses of Rainfall Structure and Evolution for Organized Thunderstorm Systems in the Urban Corridor of the Northeastern United States." Journal of Hydrometeorology 16, no. 4 (July 29, 2015): 1575–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-14-0095.1.
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Abstract In this study, a climatology of the structure and evolution of rainfall for organized thunderstorm systems in the urban corridor of the northeastern United States is developed. These storm systems are major agents of flash flooding for urban regions of the northeastern United States and, more generally, for the United States east of the Rocky Mountains. The analyses are motivated by problems that center on characterizing flash flood hazards. The authors focus on spatial heterogeneities of rainfall associated with urbanization in a region of complex landscape including mountainous terrain and land–water boundaries along the geometrically complex coastline of the New York City–New Jersey metropolitan region. The sample of storms selected for investigation consists of the 50 days from April to September 2001–09 with the largest cloud-to-ground lightning flash density derived from National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) observations over the study region. Storm-tracking analyses of 3D radar reflectivity fields are performed for the 50 storm days and used to develop a Lagrangian climatology of storm structure and evolution for the study region. Rainfall analyses for the 50 storm days are based on high-resolution (1 km, 15 min) bias-corrected radar rainfall fields developed from the Hydro-NEXRAD system. The analyses suggest that complex terrain and land–water boundaries have large impacts on Lagrangian storm properties. Areas of increased heavy rainfall and lightning flash density over New York City were identified. The authors found evidence for changing storm structure as thunderstorms pass over New York City, but little evidence that thunderstorms split as they approach New York City.
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Balsas, Carlos J. L., Anthony Swingruber, and Yen-Fu Lin. "Evaluating local workforce development programs in Upstate New York, USA." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 33, no. 4 (June 2018): 349–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094218777805.
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Workforce development programs in the United States have increasingly focused on two critical approaches: Learning at work and experience as education. Workforce development programs are increasingly aimed at making territories more competitive by strengthening labor markets and helping to meet the needs of employers in significant sectors of the economy. Workforce development in Upstate New York is an important step forward in preventing the region from lagging behind other regions in the country. In this paper, we examine the role of the Capital Region Workforce Investment Board, a local workforce improvement board under the supervision of the New York State Workforce Investment Board. Specifically, we evaluate the impacts of the new Capital Region Workforce Investment Board’s Program on the federally funded Workforce Investment Act of 1998 Adult Program priorities. Before-and-after analysis comparing the program outcomes in two four year periods, 2006–2009 and 2010–2013 are presented. The results of the new plan are mixed across several key performance indicators. Evidence shows that the new focuses increased the average earnings of program participants in a situation where employment rates decreased slightly. Significant industries for 2012–2022 are also reviewed.
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KIRCHHOFF, DENIS, DAN MCCARTHY, DEBBE D. CRANDALL, LAURA MCDOWELL, and GRAHAM WHITELAW. "A POLICY WINDOW OPENS: STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT IN YORK REGION, ONTARIO, CANADA." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 12, no. 03 (September 2010): 333–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333210003632.
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Government agenda setting has been a focus of research in the field of policy sciences for over two decades. The concept of a policy window is explored as a driver of governmental agenda setting. The Regional Municipality of York, Ontario, Canada was chosen as a case study for exploring the application of strategic environmental assessment at the municipal level through a policy window lens. Problem, policy and political streams converged to provide the necessary conditions for improved environmental assessment and infrastructure planning in York Region. A focusing event and the resulting crisis motivated stakeholders to identify and act on the problem. An SEA-type approach was initiated as one key response. A variety of activities were initiated by York Region including the development of a Sustainability Strategy, synchronisation of master planning, wider consideration of alternatives at the master plan level and improved public consultation. Conclusions are drawn and several recommendations are presented and discussed.
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Li, Yafei, Meijun Teng, and Yanjin Feng. "Research on the Relationship between Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Airport Group and Regional Coordinated Development." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (July 9, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3974316.
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The mutual development of airport groups and regions is gradually going global with the economic globalization. There is a contradiction between Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Jing-Jin-Ji) Airport Group and regional development, which leads to the unbalanced development of aviation enterprises in the region. Therefore, it is of major theoretical and practical significance to analyze the coordinated development relationship between Jing-Jin-Ji Airport Group and the region. This paper selects representative index system, establishes the adaptability evaluation model of airport group and regional development, and quantitatively analyzes the adaptability level of Jing-Jin-Ji Airport Group and radiation area. Taking New York Airport Group as a reference, the synergy degree between Jing-Jin-Ji Airport Group and the region is evaluated by the synergy evaluation model. Analyze the reasons for the development of New York Airport Group, and put forward the measures for the coordinated development of Jing-Jin-Ji Airport Group and the region in the future. The results show that the synergy index (SD) of Jing-Jin-Ji Airport Group is 0.5381, which is lower than that of New York Airport Group (0.7507), and Jing-Jin-Ji Airport Group is barely synergetic. It is necessary to optimize airspace, allocate flight resources, speed up the development of airport economy, and optimize the structure of airport groups. Jing-Jin-Ji Airport Group will be accelerated to enter a high-quality collaborative stage from the aspects of system and resource integration and government leadership.
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Cao, Yulin, Di Wu, Kuo Zeng, Lei Chen, Jianming Yu, Wenjuan He, Li Chen, et al. "COVID-19 in China and the US: Differences in Hospital Admission Co-Variates and Outcomes." Vaccines 10, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10020326.
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(1) Background: Although there are extensive data on admission co-variates and outcomes of persons with coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19) at diverse geographic sites, there are few, if any, subject-level comparisons between sites in regions and countries. We investigated differences in hospital admission co-variates and outcomes of hospitalized people with COVID-19 between Wuhan City, China and the New York City region, USA. (2) Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data on 1859 hospitalized subjects with COVID-19 in Wuhan City, China, from 20 January to 4 April 2020. Data on 5700 hospitalized subjects with COVID-19 in the New York City region, USA, from 1 March to 4 April 2020 were extracted from an article by Richardson et al. Hospital admission co-variates (epidemiological, demographic, and laboratory co-variates) and outcomes (rate of intensive care unit [ICU] admission, invasive mechanical ventilation [IMV], major organ failure and death, and length of hospital stay) were compared between the cohorts. (3) Results: Wuhan subjects were younger, more likely female, less likely to have co-morbidities and fever, more likely to have a blood lymphocyte concentration > 1 × 109/L, and less likely to have abnormal liver and cardiac function tests compared with New York subjects. There were outcomes data on all Wuhan subjects and 2634 New York subjects. Wuhan subjects had higher blood nadir median lymphocyte concentrations and longer hospitalizations, and were less likely to receive IMV, ICU hospitalization, and interventions for kidney failure. Amongst subjects not receiving IMV, those in Wuhan were less likely to die compared with New York subjects. In contrast, risk of death was similar in subjects receiving IMV at both sites. (4) Conclusions: We found different hospital admission co-variates and outcomes between hospitalized persons with COVID-19 between Wuhan City and the New York region, which should be useful developing a comprehensive global understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and COVID-19.
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Hart, John P., Robert G. Thompson, and Hetty Jo Brumbach. "Phytolith Evidence for Early Maize (Zea Mays) in the Northern Finger Lakes Region of New York." American Antiquity 68, no. 4 (October 2003): 619–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3557065.
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The timing of crop introductions, particularly of maize (Zea mays), has been of long-standing interest to archaeologists working in various regions of eastern North America. The earliest confirmed macrobotanical evidence for maize in New York is A.D. 1000. We report on the results of accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) dating, phytolith analysis, and stable carbon isotope analysis of carbonized cooking residues adhering to the interior surface of pottery sherds from three sites in the northern Finger Lakes region of New York. Maize, squash (Cucurbita sp.), wild rice (Zizania aquatica), and sedge (Cyperus sp.) were identified in phytolith assemblages dating to as early as the first half of the calibrated seventh century A.D. The results demonstrate that low δ13C values on cooking residues cannot be used to preclude the possibility that maize was cooked in vessels. Two of the maize-bean-squash crop triad were present in New York at least 350 years earlier than previously documented, and the Northern Flint Corn Complex was present in New York by at least the first half of the seventh century A.D. This research highlights the potential of cooking residues to provide new insights on prehistoric plant-based subsistence.
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Hartnett, Justin J., Jennifer M. Collins, Martin A. Baxter, and Don P. Chambers. "Spatiotemporal Snowfall Trends in Central New York." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 53, no. 12 (December 2014): 2685–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-14-0084.1.
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AbstractCentral New York State, located at the intersection of the northeastern United States and the Great Lakes basin, is impacted by snowfall produced by lake-effect and non-lake-effect snowstorms. The purpose of this study is to determine the spatiotemporal patterns of snowfall in central New York and their possible underlying causes. Ninety-three Cooperative Observer Program stations are used in this study. Spatiotemporal patterns are analyzed using simple linear regressions, Pearson correlations, principal component analysis to identify regional clustering, and spatial snowfall distribution maps in the ArcGIS software. There are three key findings. First, when the long-term snowfall trend (1931/32–2011/12) is divided into two halves, a strong increase is present during the first half (1931/32–1971/72), followed by a lesser decrease in the second half (1971/72–2011/12). This result suggests that snowfall trends behave nonlinearly over the period of record. Second, central New York spatial snowfall patterns are similar to those for the whole Great Lakes basin. For example, for five distinct regions identified within central New York, regions closer to and leeward of Lake Ontario experience higher snowfall trends than regions farther away and not leeward of the lake. Third, as compared with precipitation totals (0.02), average air temperatures had the largest significant (ρ < 0.05) correlation (−0.56) with seasonal snowfall totals in central New York. Findings from this study are valuable because they provide a basis for understanding snowfall patterns in a region that is affected by both non-lake-effect and lake-effect snowstorms.
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Salmun, H., A. Molod, F. S. Buonaiuto, K. Wisniewska, and K. C. Clarke. "East Coast Cool-Weather Storms in the New York Metropolitan Region." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 48, no. 11 (November 1, 2009): 2320–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jamc2183.1.
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Abstract New York coastal regions are frequently exposed to winter extratropical storm systems that exhibit a wide range of local impacts. Studies of these systems either have used localized water-level or beach erosion data to identify and characterize the storms or have used meteorological conditions from reanalysis data to provide a general regional “climatology” of storms. The use of meteorological conditions to identify these storms allows an independent assessment of impacts on the coastal environment and therefore can be used to predict the impacts. However, the intensity of these storms can exhibit substantial spatial variability that may not be captured by the relatively large scales of the studies using reanalysis data, and this fact may affect the localized assessment of storm impact on the coastal communities. A method that uses data from National Data Buoy Center stations in the New York metropolitan area to identify East Coast cool-weather storms (ECCSs) and to describe their climatological characteristics is presented. An assessment of the presence of storm conditions and a three-level intensity scale was developed using surface pressure data as measured at the buoys. This study identified ECCSs during the period from 1977 through 2007 and developed storm climatologies for each level of storm intensity. General agreement with established climatologies demonstrated the robustness of the method. The impact of the storms on the coastal environment was assessed by computing “storm average” values of storm-surge data and by examining beach erosion along the south shore of Long Island, New York. A regression analysis demonstrated that the best storm-surge predictor is based on measurements of significant wave height at a nearby buoy.
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Cameron, E. E., and Harold G. Cogger. "The herpetofauna of the Weipa region, Cape York Peninsula." Technical Reports of the Australian Museum 7 (September 18, 1992): 1–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.1031-8062.7.1992.72.
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Blumberg, Alan F., Liaqat Ali Khan, and John P. St. John. "Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model of New York Harbor Region." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 125, no. 8 (August 1999): 799–816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1999)125:8(799).
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Shiner, Justin, Simon Holdaway, and Patricia Fanning. "Flaked stone assemblage variability across the Weipa region of western Cape York Peninsula, Queensland." Queensland Archaeological Research 21 (April 25, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/qar.21.2018.3636.
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Shell mounds located on the coastal and estuarine fringes are the best-known archaeological feature in the Weipa region, northwestern Cape York Peninsula, Australia. Other archaeological deposits have received less attention, with stone artefacts thought to be all but absent reflecting the lack of raw material suitable for flaking in the region. Cultural heritage surveys on the bauxite plateau in the Weipa region undertaken since 2003 have changed this view. Here we report on stone artefacts manufactured from quartz, quartzite, silcrete, and mudstone. Surprisingly, flakes and cores in assemblages from across the surveyed region retain a relatively large proportion of cortex, indicating limited lithic reduction despite the lack of local raw material. Comparisons made with assemblage characteristics from other regions in Australia indicate that this lack of core reduction may reflect use of the Albatross Bay landscape by people who were confident of being able to access the lithic sources outside the region to replenish their tool kits.
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Turner, MD, MSEd, Barbara J., Christine Laine, MD, MPH, Alan Kott, and Walter W. Hauck, PhD. "Effect of drug and medical treatment on wide geographic variations in repeated emergency department use by HIV-infected drug users." Journal of Opioid Management 2, no. 2 (March 1, 2006): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jom.2006.0017.
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Repeated (≥ two visits) emergency department (ED) visits by HIV-infected (HIV+) drug users in New York State (NYS) vary widely by region and may reflect regional inequities in receipt of needed drug treatment and medical services. The study’s objective was to evaluate receipt of drug treatment and medical care by HIV+ drug users by region and its effect on ED use. For NYS Medicaid-enrolled HIV+ drug users (N = 11,556) in 1996 and 1997, we identified receipt of long-term (≥ six months) drug treatment, HIV care, and a usual source of medical care from claims files. Regions were classified as New York City , downstate suburban, upstate urban, and rural/small city. We examined adjusted associations of these services with ≥ two ED visits in the entire cohort and separately among patients who do and do not receive these three types of services. Repeated ED visits were greatest in rural/small cities (40.7 percent) and least in New York City (24.1 percent; p < 0.001), and receipt of drug treatment was also poorest (p < 0.001) in rural/small cities, whereas receipt of HIV care and usual source of medical care varied less by region. Adjusted odds of ≥ two ED visits was increased for patients in rural/small cities (1.89 [confidence interval, 1.44 to 2.50]) vs. New York City and reduced for patents with long-term drug treatment (0.76 [confidence interval, 0.69 to 0.84]). Among persons receiving long-term drug treatment, observed regional differences in ED use largely disappeared. Regional variations in receipt of long-term drug treatment by HIV+ drug users in one state appear to contribute to large differences in ED utilization.
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Vargas-Asencio, J., M. Al Rwahnih, A. Rowhani, F. Celebi-Toprak, J. R. Thompson, M. Fuchs, and K. L. Perry. "Limited Genetic Variability Among American Isolates of Grapevine virus E from Vitis spp." Plant Disease 100, no. 1 (January 2016): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-15-0556-re.
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A survey for the presence of Grapevine virus E (GVE, genus Vitivirus, family Betaflexiviridae) in vineyards in New York and California was conducted using macroarray hybridization or reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays. In New York, GVE was detected in 10 of 46 vines of Vitis labrusca, one V. riparia, and one Vitis hybrid. All GVE-infected New York vines were coinfected with Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-3. In California, GVE was detected in 8 of 417 vines of V. vinifera. All GVE-infected California vines were also coinfected by one of the leafroll-associated viruses and other vitiviruses. In order to assess the genetic diversity among GVE isolates, a viral cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR, and a 675-nucleotide region that included the 3′ terminus of the coat protein gene, a short intergenic region, and the 5′ terminus of the putative nucleic acid binding protein gene was sequenced. All 20 GVE isolates sequenced in this study were very closely related, with >98% nucleotide identity to the SA94 isolate from South Africa. These findings confirm the presence of GVE in major grape-growing regions of the United States and indicate a very low level of genetic diversity.
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Abel, Timothy J. "Rethinking the Iroquoian Occupation of Northern New York." Canadian Journal of Archaeology 45, no. 2 (2021): 283–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.51270/45.2.283.
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Recent Bayesian modeling of new high-precision AMS dates has caused a revision of the Iroquoian chronology of northern New York. The Iroquoian occupation is now estimated to date between AD 1425–1520, with no good evidence for developmental precursors in the region. The more than 50 village components in the region must now fit into almost half the temporal span as previously believed. All the settlement clusters now seem to have been contemporary and dual village settlement for some of the clusters now seems likely. For the ceramic seriation to remain true, one of the cluster sequences must be chronologically reversed, having significant implications for its culture history. Finally, while their dispersal from northern New York remains complex, it must be rethought considering the new chronology.
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Kafka, Alan L., Ellyn A. Schlesinger-Miller, and Noel L. Barstow. "Earthquake activity in the greater New York City area: Magnitudes, seismicity, and geologic structures." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 75, no. 5 (October 1, 1985): 1285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0750051285.
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Abstract Earthquakes recorded by stations of the Lamont-Doherty seismic network in the greater New York City area are analyzed to determine magnitudes and the relationship between seismicity and geologic structures. Between 1974 and 1983, the configuration of stations in this region remained relatively stationary and the type of recording devices (visual drum recorders and 16-mm photographic recorders) did not change. This distribution of stations and recording devices allows for a uniform measurement of magnitudes and seismicity. Magnitudes of these earthquakes are determined by comparing amplitudes and signal duration measured from high-frequency (5 to 10 Hz) data recorded by the local network with mbLg and ML determined from data at frequencies near 1 Hz. During the period of time studied (nearly 10 yr), 61 earthquakes were located in this region, but none of these earthquakes exceeded 3.0 on the mbLg scale. The largest event (mbLg = 3.0) occurred in the Coastal Plain province of northern New Jersey. The magnitude threshold for uniform detection of events throughout this region during the period of time studied is estimated to be mbLg = 1.6. With events below this threshold removed from the catalog of network seismicity, we find that about half of the earthquakes studied occurred within 10 km of the Ramapo fault system. This fault system lies about 30 km northwest of New York City and has been interpreted by several investigators to be the most active fault system in the greater New York City area. However, earthquakes at least as large as those recorded near the Ramapo fault were located as far as 50 km from this fault (and within 20 km of New York City), in geologic structures that surround the Newark basin. While the Ramapo fault can by no means be ruled out as a possible source zone for earthquakes in the greater New York City area, the geologic structures associated with most (if not all) earthquakes in this region are still unknown. Thus, the cause of earthquakes in this region remains an enigma.
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Watras, C. J., K. A. Morrison, and N. S. Bloom. "Mercury in remote Rocky Mountain lakes of Glacier National Park, Montana, in comparison with other temperate North American regions." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): 1220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-119.
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We determined concentrations of mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in 12 pristine lakes of Glacier National Park (GNP) and compared our observations with data from published studies of remote lakes in north-central Wisconsin and the Adirondack region of New York. Despite marked differences in water chemistry, biology, and hydrogeology, concentrations of Hg and MeHg in all regions were strongly correlated with dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Variables related to the acid–base status of lake waters had secondary effects on the concentration of waterborne mercury species. Although Hg and MeHg were strongly correlated with DOC in all three regions, MeHg concentrations were lower and increased less per unit organic carbon in GNP lakes than in either Wisconsin or New York. In GNP lakes, MeHg averaged only 4 ± 2% (mean ± SD) of the Hg, while in Wisconsin and New York lakes MeHg averaged 10–14% of the Hg. Based on simple regression modelling, we estimate that the maximum MeHg fraction (MeHg/Hg) in dystrophic GNP lakes would be three- to six-fold lower than in Wisconsin or New York waters of similarly high DOC. Our results suggest that this regional difference involves factors regulating the net production of MeHg in lakes or watersheds.
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Harrington, J. W., and D. J. Barnas. "Foreign-Owned Firms and Regional—Functional Specialization." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 20, no. 7 (July 1988): 937–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a200937.
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It is hypothesized that the subnational, interregional location of foreign direct investment is influenced by the country of origin, the industry, and the specific functions of the investment. The authors studied these characteristics of 1163 foreign-owned business establishments in New York State, comparing them with the location, industry specialization, and occupational structure of five regions of New York State. Foreign-owned businesses take full part in the spatial division of activities across the state. Indeed, in some cases the special needs of foreign-owned business have led the specialization of regions' industry and activity mixes. Where a region's sectoral or activity mix is not greatly reinforced by the foreign-owned activities in the region, it is usually because of the intervening effects of source-country specialization or source-country locational proclivity.
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Tutchener, David, David Claudie, and Michael Morrison. "Results of archaeological surveys of the Pianamu cultural landscape, central Cape York Peninsula, 2014-2016." Queensland Archaeological Research 22 (September 3, 2019): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/qar.22.2019.3699.
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This paper presents preliminary results of archaeological investigation of the northern Cape York Peninsula highlands, the homelands of the Kuuku I’yu (northern Kaanju) people. Despite intensive and long-term research programs elsewhere in Cape York Peninsula, no previous archaeological work has been undertaken in this particular region. The aim of this research was to identify the location of archaeological places and artefacts throughout the Kaanju Ngaachi Indigenous Protected Area (IPA) and the broader Wenlock region. The preliminary research results outlined here include the recording of rock art, culturally modified trees, lithic material, pastoral sites and the remains of a Native Mounted Police camp. This study clearly indicates that the highlands of Cape York Peninsula have substantial research potential; however, further work is required to achieve a greater understanding of both physical and cultural landscapes.
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CHERNICK, HOWARD. "FISCAL CAPACITY IN NEW YORK: THE CITY VERSUS THE REGION." National Tax Journal 51, no. 3 (September 1, 1998): 531–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ntj41789348.
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Stirrup, Mark, Tony Margevicius, Tomislav Hrkac, and Alvaro Baca. "A Baffling Solution to Sewage Conveyance In York Region, Ontario." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2012, no. 4 (January 1, 2012): 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864712811699852.
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Tantala, Michael W., Guy J. P. Nordenson, George Deodatis, and Klaus Jacob. "Earthquake loss estimation for the New York City Metropolitan Region." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 28, no. 10-11 (October 2008): 812–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2007.10.012.
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Tardif, Robert, and Roy M. Rasmussen. "Event-Based Climatology and Typology of Fog in the New York City Region." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 46, no. 8 (August 1, 2007): 1141–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2516.1.
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Abstract The character of fog in a region centered on New York City, New York, is investigated using 20 yr of historical data. Hourly surface observations are used to identify fog events at 17 locations under the influence of various physiographic features, such as land–water contrasts, land surface character (urban, suburban, and rural), and terrain. Fog events at each location are classified by fog types using an objective algorithm derived after extensive examination of fog formation processes. Events are characterized according to frequency, duration, and intensity. A quantitative assessment of the likelihood with which mechanisms leading to fog formation are occurring in various parts of the region is obtained. The spatial, seasonal, and diurnal variability of fog occurrences are examined and results are related to regional and local influences. The results show that the likelihood of fog occurrence is influenced negatively by the presence of the urban heat island of New York City, whereas it is enhanced at locations under the direct influence of the marine environment. Inland suburban and rural locations also experience a considerable amount of fog. As in other areas throughout the world, the overall fog phenomenon is a superposition of various types. Precipitation fog, which occurs predominantly in winter, is the most common type. Fog resulting from cloud-base lowering also occurs frequently across the region, with an enhanced likelihood in winter and spring. A considerable number of advection fog events occur in coastal areas, mostly during spring, whereas radiation fog occurs predominantly at suburban and rural locations during late summer and early autumn but also occurs during the warm season in the coastal plain of New Jersey as advection–radiation events.
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Keener, Craig, and Erica Kuhns. "The Impact of Iroquoian Populations on the Northern Distribution of Pawpaws in the Northeast." North American Archaeologist 18, no. 4 (April 1998): 327–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/at0w-vedt-0e0p-w21v.
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The North American pawpaw ( Asimina triloba) is found in Michigan, southern Ontario, Ohio, and New York. It is the only indigenous tropical tree species found as far north as the Great Lakes region. The purpose of this article is to ascertain whether or not Iroquoian populations were directly responsible for the northernmost distribution of pawpaw trees. Pawpaw populations located in southern Ontario and in isolated pockets in New York are conspicuous because of their extreme northern location and their isolation from pawpaw populations to the south. Ethnohistoric and archaeological information is analyzed in an attempt to discover how coincidental it is that these isolated pawpaw populations correspond with the former habitation areas of several Iroquoian speaking groups. It is argued that trade and warfare between Iroquoian groups located in southern Ontario, New York, and the southern Lake Erie area were responsible for the spread of pawpaws from the Ohio and Michigan regions northward and eastward.
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Greene, George M. "The Use of BAS-125 for Apple Production in the Mid-Atlantic Region." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 558B—558. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.558b.
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The Mid-Atlantic region consists of the states of Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, and New Jersey, and produces about as many apples as New York or Michigan. The climate in this region in the summer often has warm days and relatively warm nights. Light intensity can often be reduced by clouds from tropical air masses, and this is usually accompanied with high relative humidity. Most orchards are not irrigated, and rainfall can varies widely. The predominant cultivars are `Delicious', `Golden Delicious', `Rome', and `York Imperial'. With these cultivars and this set of climatic conditions, excessive vegetative growth and fluctuating return bloom are common problems. This climate and apple variety assortment are markedly different from more northerly apple production regions in the U.S. The need for an effective growth-control chemical has been obvious for years. The development of BAS-125 appears to have made this a possibility and has caused much interest among pomologists and growers that are aware of this chemical. Research was conducted from 1994 to 1995 on `York Imperial', `Delicious', and `Spartan', and was reported in HortScience (31:191). Research in 1996 dealt with `Law Rome' and `Golden Delicious'. On `Law Rome', treated shoots were ≈24 cm in length, while untreated shoots were 38 cm in length. On `Golden Delicious' this compound controlled shoots to ≈29 cm in length, while untreated shoots had about 39 cm of total shoots growth. BAS-125 can effectively reduce shoot growth, which will improve the light regime in mid-Atlantic apple tree canopies. This should result in savings in pruning, increased fruit quality, and increased cropping levels due to enhanced fruit bud production.
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McDonough, Patrick L., David Fogelman, Sang J. Shin, Michael A. Brunner, and Donald H. Lein. "Salmonella enterica Serotype Dublin Infection: an Emerging Infectious Disease for the Northeastern United States." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 8 (1999): 2418–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.8.2418-2427.1999.
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Salmonella enterica subspecies entericaserotype Dublin (S. enterica Dublin) emerged for the first time in New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio in 1988. Since that time this host-adapted serotype has spread throughout the veal- and dairy beef-raising operations in the region; very few dairy farms have experienced clinical S. enterica Dublin infections. This study details the epidemiology of the outbreaks in cattle. During the period 1988 through 1995, nine New York and four Pennsylvania counties have been affected; 13 different locations were involved in New York, and 10 were involved in Pennsylvania. The morbidity and mortality and seasonal distribution of outbreaks, which totaled 35, is described. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates revealed that many of the strains were resistant to a number of commonly used drugs. Clinical case details and pathology information are provided, with a caution to clinicians and microbiologists presented with suspect animals, i.e., most cases occurred in older calves, which is atypical for salmonellosis for this region (calves were 8 or more weeks old) and presented as pneumonia and septicemia rather than the primarily diarrheal syndrome that is more typically recognized for the region. The epidemiology of cases is analyzed through cluster analysis of bacterial isolates and their fatty acid methyl ester profiles; at least six clones appeared in the region during the study period. Results of the epidemiology analysis are used to support a hypothesis regarding the source of S. enterica Dublin for the region and its manner of dissemination.
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Chiou, Paul Z. "Employer Expectations for the MS-Level Cytology Practitioner." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 153, no. 4 (December 13, 2019): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqz185.
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Abstract Objectives The specific aims of the study are to determine skillsets most valuable to regional employers of cytotechnologists and assess the employers’ willingness to use graduating MS cytology practitioners in the expanded scope of practice. Methods Data from the greater New York region were collected via a web-based survey distributed to a broad sample of laboratory professionals involved with hiring in a variety of institutions. Results The three skillsets most important to New York employers and most employable are fine-needle aspiration adequacy assessment, regulatory acumen, and prescreening cell blocks. The skills that are of least important and least employable are prescreening high-volume tissue biopsy specimens and histology. Conclusions The results of this survey shed light on regional employers’ perspectives regarding the skillsets that are most important and marketable in the greater New York region and may be useful for subsequent curriculum development.
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Cutler, Marc, Lance Grenzeback, Alice Cheng, and Richard Roberts. "Assessment of Market Demand for Cross-Harbor Rail Freight Service in the New York Metropolitan Region." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1719, no. 1 (January 2000): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1719-03.
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An investment study sponsored by the New York City Economic Development Corporation with Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 funds evaluated strategies for improving the movement of freight by rail to an 11-county subregion (including New York City) of the New York and northern New Jersey metropolitan area located east of the Hudson River. The major achievements of the process were the use of choice modeling techniques to understand the decision making of shippers and, in combination with other data sources, forecasting the demand for freight infrastructure investments. The methodologies described are applicable to the study of freight transportation investment strategies in many settings. The key finding of the analysis is that a rail freight tunnel would increase rail mode share relative to other alternatives and the so-called No Build case. The subregion east of the Hudson contains two-thirds of the region’s population, but it is at a significant disadvantage in the movement of freight relative to the subregion west of the Hudson. Rail accounts for only 2.8 percent of all the subregion’s shipments, compared to 15 percent within the subregion west of the Hudson. Two limited rail crossings of the Hudson River provide access to New York City and the rest of the east subregion. These conditions affect the level of truck traffic and air pollution within the subregion, the subregion’s overall economic competitiveness, and the viability of its port facilities. To address these concerns, four families of alternatives that could improve cross-harbor rail freight service were analyzed. Discussed is how the market demand for these alternatives was analyzed by linking six distinct methodologies and data sets: ( a) regional economic forecasts, ( b) commodity flow data, ( c) a modal diversion model, ( d) regional port forecasts, ( e) a regional travel demand forecasting model, and ( f) user benefit calculation models.
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Anderson, John R., and Yulin Qin. "Using Brain Imaging to Extract the Structure of Complex Events at the Rational Time Band." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 20, no. 9 (September 2008): 1624–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2008.20108.
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A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was performed in which participants performed a complex series of mental calculations that spanned about 2 min. An Adaptive Control of Thought—Rational (ACT-R) model [Anderson, J. R. How can the human mind occur in the physical universe? New York: Oxford University Press, 2007] was developed that successfully fit the distribution of latencies. This model generated predictions for the fMRI signal in six brain regions that have been associated with modules in the ACT-R theory. The model's predictions were confirmed for a fusiform region that reflects the visual module, for a prefrontal region that reflects the retrieval module, and for an anterior cingulate region that reflects the goal module. In addition, the only significant deviations to the motor region that reflects the manual module were anticipatory hand movements. In contrast, the predictions were relatively poor for a parietal region that reflects an imaginal module and for a caudate region that reflects the procedural module. Possible explanations of these poor fits are discussed. In addition, exploratory analyses were performed to find regions that might correspond to the predictions of the modules.
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Dinkin, Aaron J. "Settlement patterns and the eastern boundary of the Northern Cities Shift." Journal of Linguistic Geography 1, no. 1 (June 2013): 4–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2013.2.
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This paper examines the dialectology of eastern New York State. Data are considered from twelve cities and villages bridging the gap between the Inland North dialect region (home to the Northern Cities Shift [NCS]) and the Western New England region. Communities are classified as belonging to the Inland North “core,” the Inland North “fringe,” or a non–Inland North region. The settlement history of these communities is used to explain the boundaries between the dialect regions; presence of the NCS is found to correlate well with heavy migration from southwestern New England early in a community's history. Looking in detail at the different distributions of the individual sound changes involved in the NCS across the dialect regions established in this paper makes it possible to posit a reconstructed early history for the NCS and make hypotheses about the phonological character of the different sound changes.
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Harrington, J. W., and J. R. Lombard. "Producer-Service Firms in a Declining Manufacturing Region." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 21, no. 1 (January 1989): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a210065.
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An overview is provided of producer-service activity (intermediate services, sold primarily to businesses) in metropolitan Buffalo (NY) from 1970 to 1986. This period brought drastic structural changes to the region's economy, such that nonmanufacturing activity in general took a far greater share of employment and output than before. After a conceptual and empirical background is given to the study of producer services, the changes in sectoral employment structure in western New York State is presented, including producer-service employment on an industry-by-industry basis. Then, the intrametropolitan location preferences of producer-service establishments are examined. Finally, questions are addressed regarding the role that these industries play in bringing income into the region.
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Furst, R. Terry, Christopher Herrmann, Ray Leung, John Galea, and Kirsten Hunt. "Heroin diffusion in the mid-Hudson region of New York State." Addiction 99, no. 4 (April 2004): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2003.00673.x.
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Netzer, Dick. "The Economy of the New York Metropolitan Region, Then and Now." Urban Studies 29, no. 2 (April 1992): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420989220080301.
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Coe, Benjamin P. "Tug hill, New York progress through cooperation in a rural region." National Civic Review 81, no. 4 (1992): 449–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ncr.4100810407.
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Braby, Michael F. "Biogeography of butterflies in the Australian monsoon tropics." Australian Journal of Zoology 56, no. 1 (2008): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo08021.
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The biogeography of butterflies within the monsoon tropical biome of northern Australia is reviewed in terms of patterns of species richness, endemism and area relationships. Available data indicate that the region supports a relatively rich fauna, comprising 265 species (~62% of the total Australian fauna), but endemism is low (6%). No genera are endemic to the monsoon tropics, but two (Neohesperilla, Nesolycaena) are characteristic components, embracing a total of seven species in the region, of which five are endemic. Three ecological specialists (Neohesperilla senta, Elodina walkeri, Candalides delospila), each associated with different vegetation types, appear to be characteristic elements of the monsoon tropics. Of 67 range-restricted species in the monsoon tropics, 15 (mostly associated with savanna) are endemic to the region, while 52 (mostly associated with rainforest) are non-endemic, occurring also in south-east Asia and/or mainland New Guinea. A pronounced attenuation in species richness from Cape York Peninsula across the Top End to the Kimberley is evident. Within the monsoon tropics, Cape York Peninsula stands out as an area of exceptional biodiversity, with 95% of the butterflies (251 species; 7 endemic species, 31 endemic subspecies/geographical forms) recorded from the entire region, compared with the Top End (123 species; 3 endemic species, 17 endemic subspecies/geographical forms). In contrast, the Kimberley has a comparatively depauperate fauna (85 species; 1 endemic species, 0 endemic subspecies) without strong Indonesian affinities, and contains only two range-restricted species. A sister-area relationship between Cape York Peninsula and the Top End–Kimberley is evident in one clade, Acrodipsas hirtipes (northern Cape York Peninsula) + A. decima (Top End), with a pairwise divergence of ~1% based on mtDNA, and is suspected in another, Nesolycaena medicea (southern Cape York Peninsula) and N. urumelia (Top End) + N. caesia (Kimberley); a further five species show similar sister-area relationships across the Carpentarian Gap but at the level of subspecies or geographical form. Three general and complementary hypotheses are proposed to explain patterns of geographical differentiation of butterflies in the monsoon tropics: (1) the Carpentarian Gap is a biogeographical filter, functioning as a barrier for some species but as a bridge for others; (2) divergence among taxa between Cape York Peninsula and the Top End–Kimberley has occurred fairly recently (Quaternary), probably through vicariance; and (3) the Bonaparte Gap, with the exception of Nesolycaena, is not a vicariant barrier for butterflies in the Top End and Kimberley.
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Rochette, Scott M., Patrick S. Market, Chad M. Gravelle, and Thomas A. Niziol. "A Case Study of Anomalous Snowfall with an Alberta Clipper." Advances in Meteorology 2017 (2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8406379.
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An Alberta clipper moved over western New York state on 11-12 January 2004, producing snowfall amounts of up to 27 cm in portions of the region during a roughly 12-h period. In addition, lightning and thunder were reported. Such systems, known primarily for their fast motion and relatively dry nature, are not generally associated with significant snowfalls. A postmortem analysis of this event, following an ingredients-based methodology, revealed that as the weak low approached the lower Great Lakes, it came under the influence of coupled 300-hPa jets that produced enhanced divergence and significant upward vertical motion over western New York, resulting in the enhanced convective snowfall over the region for a limited time. Instability and possible enhancement via the Great Lakes are also investigated, which show that while there was at least modest instability over the region during the time of heavy snowfall, lake enhancement was unlikely.
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Hannan, Edward L., and Dinesh Kumar. "Geographic Variation in the Utilization and Choice of Procedures for Treating Coronary Artery Disease in New York State." Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 2, no. 3 (July 1997): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135581969700200303.
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Objectives: To examine geographical variations in rates of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in New York State, and to examine variations in the choice between these two procedures. Methods: A retrospective analysis of data from the New York registries for CABG and angioplasty was conducted. Rates were compared for 12 different regions of the state to assess geographic variations. To assess variations in the choice of procedure, frequencies of each procedure by region were compared with expected frequencies obtained by a logistic regression model that related procedure performance to various patient risk factors. Results: There was more than a three-fold variation in age/sex adjusted CABG rates and more than a two-fold variation in age/sex adjusted angioplasty rates among regions. The regional percentages of patients undergoing CABG rather than PTCA ranged from 49% to 70%, and most of the disparity was not related to patient risk factors. Instead, the disparity was largely a result of differences in racial composition and the hospitalization rate for myocardial infarctions. Conclusions: There is considerable regional variation in New York in the tendency to use aggressive cardiac procedures and in the choice of which procedure to use, and these differences are mostly unrelated to patient need.
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ALPERN, ROBERT. "Impact of Global Warming on Water Resources: Implications for New York City and the New York Metropolitan Region." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 790, no. 1 The Baked App (June 1996): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb32471.x.
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Phipps, David, and Daniele Zanotti. "It’s the Basement Stories, not the Belt: Lessons from a community-university knowledge mobilisation collaboration." Gateways: International Journal of Community Research and Engagement 4 (November 22, 2011): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ijcre.v4i0.1758.
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Since 2006, United Way of York Region and York University have been collaborating to support community-university knowledge mobilisation and research collaborations that serve the human service needs of citizens in York Region. Ours is a sustained and sustainable community-university collaboration. What makes us sustainable? Certainly there is no single sustainability panacea (‘do this and you to will have a sustainable community-university collaboration’) but, in general, if you pay attention to the little details, the big things (like sustainability) will take care of themselves. Looking back we realise that the journey (our evolving collaboration) is more important than the destination (sustainability). We share our journey by interpreting a story about a family trip one of us (Daniele) made to see relatives. What happened when Daniele visited his relatives is an allegory for our community-university knowledge mobilisation story and is instructive for those forging community-university collaborations. We illustrate each of the lessons with examples from our experience.
Keywords
Community-university collaboration, knowledge mobilisation, shared history, evolution of partnership, sustainability
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Wah, John S., Daniel P. Wagner, and Darrin L. Lowery. "Loess in the mid-Atlantic region, USA." Quaternary Research 89, no. 3 (April 3, 2018): 786–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.113.
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AbstractLoess is common in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States south of the Late Wisconsinan glacial border particularly along rivers draining the glaciated areas of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York. The broadest deposits occur on the flat landscapes of the Delmarva Peninsula in Maryland where two episodes of deposition have been identified. The earlier Miles Point Loess has a limited distribution and is buried by the more widespread Paw Paw Loess. OSL and 14C dates place deposition of the Miles Point Loess during MIS 3. The well developed paleosol formed in the Miles Point Loess acts as a stratigraphic marker. The Paw Paw Loess buries Clovis age cultural materials which date deposition to the end of the Pleistocene. Loess deposits and paleosols are critical in understanding regional landscape evolution, Late Pleistocene environments, and early North American cultural history. Mapping the extent of loess in the Mid-Atlantic using the Natural Resources Conservation Service’s gSSURGO database overrepresents loess in some areas and underrepresents in others.
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Carter, Katherine K., and J. Dale Simpson. "Status and Outlook for Tree Improvement Programs in the Northeast." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 2, no. 4 (December 1, 1985): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/2.4.127.
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Abstract Tree improvement programs have been undertaken by several governmental and industrial organizations in Maritime Canada and the New York-New England region of the United States. Target species vary according to local interests, but at least five are of general interest within these regions: white spruce, black spruce, jack pine, white pine, and the larches. This paper examines the current status of breeding programs for these species and prospects for future development. North. J. Appl. For. 2:127-131, Dec. 1985.
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Lin, Quan, Yasuko Rikihisa, Robert F. Massung, Zerai Woldehiwet, and Richard C. Falco. "Polymorphism and Transcription at the p44-1/p44-18 Genomic Locus in Anaplasma phagocytophilum Strains from Diverse Geographic Regions." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 10 (October 2004): 5574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.10.5574-5581.2004.
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ABSTRACT A polymorphic multigene family (p44) of Anaplasma phagocytophilum encodes the immunodominant 44-kDa major outer membrane proteins. With p44-specific PCR and gene-specific probes, p44-1 was found in all human isolates from New York State but not in isolates from Minnesota, whereas p44-18 and two other p44 species were found in isolates from both regions. We therefore sequenced the genomic locus corresponding to the p44-1/p44-18 tandem locus of A. phagocytophilum HZ in 14 other geographically divergent strains from various hosts. The locus was found in all 14 strains, and p44-18 was conserved among all 13 United States isolates studied. In all nine northeastern strains, p44-1 was conserved. However, in three of the Minnesota strains and in one California strain, p44-1 was replaced at this genomic locus by the novel gene p44-61 (p44-61/18), whose hypervariable region (hv) was a chimera of p44-20hv and p44-23hv. The conserved base sequence within the hv region linked the two segments. In contrast, in the Old Sourhope strain isolated from sheep in the United Kingdom, only a single and distinct p44, p44-OS, was found in this locus. This suggests different rates of evolution of p44-1 and p44-18 at this locus and conservation of the locus within strains isolated from the same geographic region. Locus-specific reverse transcription-PCR revealed expression of p44-1 by New York and p44-61 by Minnesota strains at this locus. These p44 loci provide insight into the molecular evolution and functional divergence of p44 paralogs and may serve as markers for typing strains from different geographic regions.
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Dengler, Anna, Liz Arrigo, and Richard Fuller. "Waste Characterization Study of Pre-Covid-19 Commercial Office Buildings." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 48, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 294–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/2022.294.
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This study examines the average commercial office waste profile by region and by program type. The regions included in this study, including New York, the Mid Atlantic, California and others, had different recycling/composting program mandates. Within regions, building waste diversion programs differed as well. The results of the review reflect some differences in the success of the diversion programs utilized: single stream recycling, multi stream recycling and with or without organics programs. Over 100 waste audit results were compiled representing commercial office waste prior to the changes in the commercial real estate and waste industries during the COVID 19 pandemic.
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Dawes, P. R. "New geological map of the Thule region, North-West Greenland." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 155 (January 1, 1992): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v155.8179.
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Map sheet no. 5 (Thule), part of the 14-map geological map series at 1:500 000 covering the onshore geology of Greenland, was published in 1991 (Dawes 1991; Fig. 1). The Thule map covers the northern part of the west coast of Greenland between latitudes 75° 15' and 78°N, including the region traditionally known as the Thule or Kap York district (Figs 1 & 2). The southern part of the map covers the relatively inaccessible coast of Melville Bugt, known as the Lauge Koch Kyst. Here the Inland Ice reaches the sea along a broad front leaving land exposed only as nunataks, semi-nunataks, ice-rooted peninsulas and islands.
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Wilson, P. J., S. Grewal, T. McFadden, R. C. Chambers, and B. N. White. "Mitochondrial DNA extracted from eastern North American wolves killed in the 1800s is not of gray wolf origin." Canadian Journal of Zoology 81, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z03-059.
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We analysed the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from two historical samples of eastern North American wolves: the last wolf reported to have been killed in northern New York State (ca. 1890s) and a wolf killed in Maine in the 1880s. These wolves represent eastern wolves, presently classified as the gray wolf (Canis lupus) subspecies Canis lupus lycaon, which were present well before the expansion of western coyotes (Canis latrans) into these regions. We show the absence of gray wolf mtDNA in these wolves. They both contain New World mtDNA, supporting previous findings of a North American evolution of the eastern timber wolf (originally classified as Canis lycaon) and red wolf (Canis rufus) independently of the gray wolf, which originated in Eurasia. The presence of a second wolf species in North America has important implications for the conservation and management of wolves. In the upper Great Lakes region, wolves of both species may exist in sympatry or interbreed with each other, which impacts the accuracy of estimates of numbers of wolves of each species within this geographic region. Furthermore, the historical distribution of the eastern timber wolf (C. lycaon), as revealed by these skin samples, has important implications for the reintroduction of wolves into the northeastern U.S. states, such as New York and Maine.