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1
Yanhong, Wei, Xinjin Liu, Xuzhong Su, and Zhao Zhimin. "Effects of spinning process and core yarn contents on yarn shape retention." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 32, no. 4 (December 26, 2019): 457–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-11-2018-0142.
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Purpose In order to develop high shape retention yarn and investigate the effects of spinning process and core yarn contents on the shape retention of yarn, in this paper, three kinds of yarns, JC/T400 18.5tex (55.6dtex) core-spun yarn, JC/T400 18.5tex (44.4dtex) core-spun yarn and JC18.5tex pure cotton yarn were spun by using the complete condensing Siro-spinning technology. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the core-spun yarns were spun by using the complete condensing spinning and Siro-spinning technology. Two key spinning processes, yarn twist factor and core yarn pre-draft ratio, were optimized by using the orthogonal test method first. Then, via the variable control method, the position of the core yarn, the position of the bell mouth and the center distance between two bell mouths were optimized, respectively, and corresponding optimal spinning process of the three yarns was determined. Finally, the yarns were spun under the optimal process, and the performance of the spun yarns was tested and compared. Findings Results show that the yarn twist factor affects yarn strength and hairiness, the position of bell mouth affects the evenness and hairiness of the yarn mainly, and the position of the core yarn affects the coverage and hairiness of the yarn. For the Z-twist spinning, the core yarn enters the front roller from the left side of two strands center, which is beneficial to improve the covering effect of core yarn, and reduce the pilling phenomenon of the yarn. The contents of core yarn affect indicators of the yarn shape retention, such as yarn strength, elastic recovery and abrasion resistance. Originality/value The shape retention of yarns affects the shape retention of fabrics, and the production of yarn with high shape retention is a key step in achieving shape retention of fabrics. At present, there are little studies on the shape retention of yarns, most researchers shave focused on shape retention of fabrics. Using the complete condensing Siro-spinning method to spin the core-spun yarn can improve the quality of the yarn. Compared with traditional ring-spinning yarns, the addition of the core yarn can improve the shape retention of the yarn.
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Sarıoğlu, Esin, Osman Babaarslan, and Münevver Ertek Avcı. "Effect of Filament Fineness on Composite Yarn Residual Torque." Autex Research Journal 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2016-0036.
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Abstract Yarn residual torque or twist liveliness occurs when the twist is imparted to spin the fibers during yarn formation. It causes yarn snarling, which is an undesirable property and can lead the problems for further processes such as weaving and knitting. It affects the spirality of knitted fabrics and skewness of woven fabrics. Generally, yarn residual torque depends on yarn twist, yarn linear density, and fiber properties used. Composite yarns are widely produced to exploit two yarns with different properties such on optimum way at the same time and these yarns can be produced by wrapping sheath fibers around filament core fiber with a certain twist. In this study, the effect of filament fineness used as core component of composite yarn on residual torque was analyzed. Thus, the false twist textured polyester filament yarns with different filament fineness were used to produce composite yarns with different yarn count. The variance analysis was performed to determine the significance of twist liveliness of filament yarns and yarn count on yarn twist liveliness. Results showed that there is a statistically significant differences at significance level of α=0.05 between filament fineness and yarn residual torque of composite yarns.
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El-Sayed, Eman Rashwan, and Eman Yehia Abd-Elkawe. "Production of Fine Count Yarns from Some Extra-long Egyptian Cottons on Different Spinning Systems." European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 3, no. 5 (October 8, 2021): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2021.3.5.374.
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The current research was carried out to produce fine count yarns from extra-long Egyptian cotton varieties using compact and ring spinning systems.in addition, to compare between compact yarns and ring yarns in terms of their physical and mechanical properties. Three commercial extra-long staple Egyptian cottons Giza92, Giza93 and Giza 96 were used to produce four linear densities of 80, 100, 120 and 140 at 3.6 twist multiplier. Results obtained showed that Giza 92 was surpassed significantly other extra -long staple varieties. It recorded the highest mean values of yarn strength and yarn evenness While, the same variety recorded the lowest mean values of yarn hairiness and imperfections. Compact yarns were much better than yarns spun on the ring spinning in yarn strength, yarn elongation, evenness, yarn imperfections and yarn hairiness. Yarn count 80,s gave higher single yarn strength (20.89cN/tex), yarn elongation (5.03%) and yarn evenness (17.49%) and lower yarn hairiness (2.04) and imperfections than yarn count 140s. Single yarn strength, yarn elongation and yarn evenness were decreased with increasing yarn count. While the number of neps, hairiness, the number of thin and thick places were increased with increasing yarn count. Concerning, the effect of interaction between cotton varieties × yarn counts × spinning systems on yarn quality properties. Yarn count 80s recorded the highest mean values of yarn strength (23.14, 21.1 and 20.2 cN/tex) and yarn evenness (17.72, 16.53 and 16.79%) for varieties Giza92, Giza93 and Giza96, respectively for compact spinning system. Yarn strength at count 80, 100, 120 and 140 correlated negatively and highly significant with micronaire value and maturity ratio.
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Guo, Ying, and Xiaoming Tao. "Fiber packing density in the cross-section of low torque ring spun yarn." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 2 (November 13, 2016): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516677225.
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Fiber packing density in the yarn cross-section is one of the major parameters that reflect the yarn internal structure and its final properties. Taking the novel low torque ring spun yarn as the object, this work studied the fiber packing density of low torque ring spun yarns and conventional ring spun yarns under various axial tensions. With the increase of tension, the change of fiber packing state in low torque ring spun yarns and conventional ring spun yarns was compared qualitatively. In this study, fiber distribution in the cross-section of both Tencel yarns and wool yarns was carried out. The results show that, under the same axial tension, the packing density of fibers of low torque ring spun yarn is much higher than that of conventional ring spun yarn. The axial tension has greater influence on the fiber packing density for the conventional ring spun yarn. From the experimental results, in low torque Tencel yarn, the fiber packing density nearly reaches 0.9, which is the maximum value for close-packed yarn. Due to different fiber properties and yarn structure, it is difficult to form a close packing for fibers in low torque ring wool yarns. The current results indicate that low torque ring spun yarn has a more compact structure than conventional ring spun yarn. Compared with conventional ring spun yarns with the same count and twist levels, in low torque ring spun yarns, more fibers contribute to the yarn breaking strength.
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Yang, Rui Hua, Yaya Xu, and Qianqian Deng. "Multisection color-blended wool yarn produced by a new three-channel spinning method." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 14 (January 2019): 155892501985897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925019858971.
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By dynamically controlling the feeding amount and feeding ratio of the three feeding rollers with program logical control system under the requirements of yarn spinning parameters, it is possible to effectively configure the final yarn density and the blending ratio of three components to produce multisegment gradient yarns, segment-color yarn, and segment-color slub yarn named as multisegment blending yarns. The yarn-spinning new method was proposed. Different kinds of fancy yarns including gradient yarns, segment color yarns, and slub yarns were produced. The fiber blending effects were demonstrated by slices of yarn cross section, and the surface morphology of yarns were figured out by the photo of yarns. Integrally knitting seamless sweater and different type of pattern were designed and knitted by multisegment blending yarns. The free change of colors along the length direction on a single yarn provides an effective method for integrated rapid design and production of sweaters through mutual design of the overall pattern and the structure of the fabric.
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Erdumlu, Nazan, Bulent Ozipek, and William Oxenham. "The structure and properties of carded cotton vortex yarns." Textile Research Journal 82, no. 7 (January 19, 2012): 708–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517511433150.
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The properties and spinning limits of carded cotton vortex spun yarns were investigated through the progressive change in yarn count. The yarns were tested for structural and physical properties. Critical parameters were obtained, including the ratio of wrapper fibers to core fibers, proportion and average length of different structural classes in the yarn. The structural analysis revealed that the wrapper fibers constitute an increasing proportion of the fibers as the yarn becomes finer. Moreover, the proportion and average length of different structural classes in vortex spun yarns change with yarn count. The analysis of the data obtained from yarn testing showed that as the yarn becomes finer, the yarn becomes more uneven and the number of yarn imperfections markedly increase. On the other hand, the tensile properties of vortex spun yarns remain almost unchanged as the yarn gets finer.
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N., Anbumani, C. Rameshkumar, P. Anandkumar, P. Senthilnathan, and R. Jeevitha. "COMPARITIVE STUDIES ON RING ROTOR AND VORTEX YARN KNITTED FABRICS." AUTEX Research Journal 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2008): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2008-080402.
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Abstract Ring, Rotor and Air vortex spinning systems provide yarn with different structures and properties. Each system has its limitations and advantages in terms of technical feasibility and economic viability. 30's Ne, 100%cotton yarns were produced from the above systems and knitted in single jersey machine .The Rotor Spun yarns found with frequent breakage during knitting. Comparatively good knitting performances have shown by the Ring and Air vortex yarns. Tensile, evenness and hairiness of the yarns and bursting strength, abrasion resistance, pilling, drapability and color matching of the knitted fabrics were studied. The Ring spun yarns have high strength, low imperfection, and good bursting strength. It has high 'S3' value. Abrasion resistance of Rotor and Vortex yarns made fabrics were found higher than the ring spun yarns. Ring yarn knitted fabric has high bursting strength, Air-vortex yarn knitted fabric has poor drape due to stiffer yarn structure and the MVS yarn fabric has poor pilling resistance. Rotor, MVS yarns made fabrics have good abrasion resistance. Drapability of Vortex yarn knitted fabrics was poor than ring and Rotor yarn knitted fabrics. Good and equal depth of dye shade was found with Ring and Air vortex yarn made knitted fabrics. Ring yarn knitted fabric has shown smooth feeling than the other two fabrics.
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Pramanik, P., and Vilas M. Patil. "PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COTTON/POLYESTER CORE SPUN YARN MADE USING RING AND AIR-JET SYSTEMS." AUTEX Research Journal 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2009-090103.
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Abstract The manufacture of core yarn from polyester-cotton is one of the most important developments in the textile industry. The use of core yarns is mainly aimed at improving the strength, comfort, durability, aesthetics, and other functional properties of the final yarn. This article reports the results of investigation of core spun yarns made from polyester filament as core and cotton as sheath material manufactured using both ring and air-jet spinning systems. Polyester filaments with different proportions were chosen for the core component and cotton was used as the sheath. A total of twelve different core yarns were made on different spinning systems (i.e. six on air-jet and six on ring frame systems) and the yarn properties were compared with those of 100% cotton ringspun yarn. It was observed that core yarns had improved physical properties compared to 100% cotton ringspun yarn in many respects such as yarn strength, elongation, energy to break, and yarn imperfections. Only airjet core yarn showed lower yarn strength than 100% cotton yarn but the same yarn excelled in other properties compared to 100% cotton yarn.
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HAKAN, ÖZDEMİR. "Effects of sizing and yarn structural properties on the physical properties of combed and carded cotton ring yarns." Industria Textila 69, no. 02 (May 1, 2018): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.069.02.1329.
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Warp yarns, prepared as warp beam, are exposed to various forces at weaving loom. Warp yarns are bended on the back rest, subjected to friction from drop wires and healds. They are also exposed to friction and impact at reed and thereby abraded. Yarns are sized in order to increase their resistance to these effects. Sizing agents ensure that warp yarns can be weaved with sizing process. On the other hand, yarn count and yarn type (combed or carded yarn) are the significant yarn structural properties that determine and so affect the physical properties of yarn. The main reason and objective this study is to investigate the effects of yarn structural parameters (yarn count and yarn type) and sizing on the physical properties (breaking strength, elongation at break, hairiness, friction coefficient) of 100% cotton carded and combed ring yarns, sized with four different sizing agents, which were not studied in the references. It is observed that sizing process cause to decrease in the hairiness up to 99% and in friction coefficients of combed and carded yarns whereas to increase in the breaking strengths of combed and carded yarns. And also, the combed yarns had better tensile and frictional properties than carded yarns.
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Neckář, B., S. M. Ishtiaque, and L. Švehlová. "Rotor Yarn Structure by Cross-Sectional Microtomy." Textile Research Journal 58, no. 11 (November 1988): 625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051758805801102.
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A mathematical model is suggested for studying the radial packing density of yarn, and the proposed model is used for a comparative study of ring and rotor spun yarns. The results show that rotor spun yarn consists of a smaller number of fibers in the cross section compared to ring spun yarn, which explains the lower strength of rotor yarn. Although the radial packing density of both yarns is non-uniform, that of rotor yarn is nearer the yarn axis and less towards the yarn surface compared to ring spun yarn.
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Basal, Guldemet, and William Oxenham. "VORTEX SPUN YARN VS. AIR-JET SPUN YARN." AUTEX Research Journal 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2003-030301.
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Abstract Vortex spinning can be viewed as a refinement of jet spinning, or a natural development in fasciated yarn technology. As in all other fasciated yarns, the structure of vortex yarn consists of a core of parallel fibres held together by wrapper fibres. This has been revealed by examining an untwisted vortex yarn sample under the Scanning Electron Microscope. Subsequently, the physical properties of vortex and air-jet yarns produced from different polyester cotton blends were compared. Results indicated that vortex yarns have tenacity advantages over air jet yarns, particularly at high cotton contents.
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Su, Xu Zhong, Wei Dong Gao, Ting Ting Wu, Xin Jin Liu, and Yun Zhang. "Reducing Yarn Hairiness in a Modified Ring Spinning Yarn Path by Various Offsets." Advanced Materials Research 331 (September 2011): 493–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.331.493.
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Spinning triangle is a critical region in the spinning process of yarn. Its geometry influences the distribution of fiber tension in the spinning triangle and the properties of spun yarns, such as the yarn breakage and hairiness. In this paper, the relationships between the spinning angle and yarn properties especially the yarn hairiness were investigated under various horizontal offsets. The properties of spun yarns produced by the modified system were evaluated and analyzed. Both left diagonal and right diagonal yarn arrangements were examined. The results indicate that the right diagonal yarn path leads to reduce yarn hairiness but the left diagonal yarn path leads to increase yarn hairiness; the breaking force of yarn changes little; yarn evenness deteriorates slightly with the changes of offset.
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Erdumlu, N., W. Oxenham, and B. Ozipek. "The impact of combing and processing parameters on the structure and properties of fine count vortex yarns." Textile Research Journal 83, no. 4 (October 26, 2012): 396–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517512464296.
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In this paper, the impact of short fiber content, yarn count and yarn delivery speed on the structure and properties of fine count cotton vortex yarns were investigated. The factors affecting the fine count yarn spinning on a vortex spinning system were determined on the basis of yarn structure and properties by using the linear regression technique. Moreover, the spinning limits of combed cotton vortex spun yarns were investigated. The results of the experiments revealed that the short fiber content in the cotton sliver is an important parameter in spinning fine count vortex spun yarns. The lower short fiber content in the sliver allows finer counts to be spun in the vortex spinning system. It was also observed that yarn delivery speed influences the yarn structure, and hence the yarn properties significantly, since it determines the residence time of the fibers in the yarn formation zone, and also affects the fiber control due to the air flow caused by the surface speed of the delivery rollers. In addition, the structure and properties of vortex spun yarns change significantly with regard to yarn count.
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Liu, Xinjin, Xinxin Yan, Xuzhong Su, and Juan Song. "Study on properties of electromagnetic shielding yarns and fabrics." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 32, no. 5 (March 19, 2020): 677–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-09-2019-0134.
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PurposeWith the popularization of electronic products, the electromagnetic radiation pollution has been the fourth largest pollution after water, air and noise pollution. Therefore, electromagnetic shielding property of textiles is attracting more attention. In this paper, the properties of electromagnetic shielding yarns and fabrics were studied.Design/methodology/approachTen kinds of yarn, stainless steel short fiber and polyester blend yarn with three different blending ratios T/S 90/10, T/S 80/20 and T/S 70/30, stainless steel short fiber, polyester and cotton blend yarn with blending ratio C/T/S 35/35/30, core-spun yarn with one 30 um stainless steel filament C/T28tex/S(30 um), core-spun yarn with two 15 um stainless steel filaments (C/T28tex/S(15 um)/S(15 um)), twin-core-spun yarn with one 30 um stainless steel filament and one 50D spandex filament C/T28tex/S(30 um)/SP(50D), sirofil wrapped yarn with one 30 um stainless steel filament feeding from left S(30 um)+C/T28tex, sirofil wrapped yarn with one 30 um stainless steel filament feeding from right C/T28tex+S(30 um), sirofil wrapped yarn with two 15 um stainless steel filaments feeding from two sides S(15 um)+C/T28tex+ S(15 um), were spun. The qualities of spun yarns were measured. Then, for analyzing the electromagnetic shielding properties of fabrics made of different spun yarns, 20 kinds of fabrics were woven.FindingsThe tested results show that comparing to the T/S 80/20 blend yarn, the resistivity of composite yarns with the same ratio of the stainless steel filament is smaller. The possible reason is that comparing to the stainless steel short fiber, the conductivity of stainless steel filament is better because of the continuous distribution of stainless steel in the filament. Comparing with the core-spun yarn, the conductivity of the sirofil wrapped yarn is a little better. Comparing to the fabric woven by the blend yarn, the electromagnetic shielding of the fabric woven by the composite yarn is better, and comparing to the fabric woven by the core-spun yarn, the electromagnetic shielding of the fabric woven by the sirofil yarn is a little better. The possible reason is that the conduction network can be produced by the stainless steel filament wrapped on the staple fiber yarn surface in the fabric, and the electromagnetic wave can be transmitted in the network.Originality/valueIn this paper, the properties of electromagnetic shielding yarns and fabrics were studied. Ten kinds of yarn, including three stainless steel short fiber and polyester blend yarns, one stainless steel short fiber, polyester and cotton blend yarn, two core-spun yarns, one twin-core-spun yarn, three sirofil wrapped yarn, were spun. Then, for analyzing the electromagnetic shielding properties of fabrics made of different spun yarns, 20 kinds of fabrics were woven. The effects of fabric warp and weft densities, fabric structures, yarn kinds, yarn distributions in the fabric on electromagnetic shielding were analyzed.
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Feng, Jie, Min Zhang, Tao Hua, and Ka Hei Chan. "Study of a newly structuralized meta-aramid/cotton blended yarn for fabrics with enhanced flame-resistance." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 5-6 (August 22, 2019): 489–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519871262.
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This paper presents a study on a newly structuralized meta-aramid/cotton blended yarn for fabrics with enhanced flame-resistance. In this study, a new type of “marl yarn” resembling structure for cotton/aramid yarns was proposed with an aim to lower the flammability of cotton fiber strands within the yarn and thus enhance the flame resistance of the blended yarns and the resultant fabrics. To facilitate the formation of marl yarn structure, a modified device was developed that can be attached to the ring spinning machine for yarn production. Yarn structure was examined and the effects of the blending ratio of aramid/cotton fibers and yarn structure on the yarn flammability and physical properties were investigated. The results showed that a marl-like yarn structure was formed wherein a small amount of meta-aramid fibers were concentrated to form fiber strands, which served as effective fire barriers, hindering the afterflame/afterglow of cotton fibers. The experimental results demonstrated that the marl structured yarn exhibited lower yarn flammability in terms of afterflame, afterglow, damage length and limiting oxygen index (LOI) as well as possessing similar physical properties compared with conventional evenly blended yarn. By using the marl structured yarns developed, meta-aramid/cotton blended woven fabrics were produced and their flammability and physical properties were evaluated. The results showed that the fabrics using the marl structured yarns had a higher minimal flame application time for ignition and LOI as well as a lower flame spread speed than fabrics using evenly blended yarns.
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Li, Peiying, Mingrui Guo, Fengxin Sun, and Weidong Gao. "Reducing yarn hairiness in ring spinning by an agent-aided system." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 21-22 (March 13, 2019): 4438–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519835769.
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An agent-aided system (AAS) for improving comprehensive properties of ring spun yarns with the aid of viscosity and surface tension of the agent is reported in this paper. The mechanism of the humidification and friction process of the AAS was investigated, and related experiments were also carried out to verify the mechanism of analysis. The results confirm that the AAS can attach the fiber ends protruding out of a yarn body on the yarn surface and assist in twisting the fiber ends back into the interior of the yarn body, resulting in a significant reduction of the modified ring spun yarn hairiness. Moreover, the yarn hairiness is prominently reduced after the winding process. The experimental results also show that a speed ratio of 1.3 between the rotating speed of the cylinder and the output speed of the yarn leads to the greatest extent of harmful hairiness reduction (34%), which also corresponds to optimal modified yarn tenacity. Meanwhile, the modified ring spun yarns show a tight and smooth appearance, and the yarn evenness has no deterioration. In addition, the AAS is applicable to both cotton and viscose yarns with different yarn counts. Therefore, the AAS can potentially be used to reduce yarn hairiness for ring spun yarns and enhance the quality of ring spun yarns in the textile industry.
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Zaidi, Badar Munir, Jin Zhang, Kevin Magniez, Hongbo Gu, and Menghe Miao. "Optimizing twisted yarn structure for natural fiber-reinforced polymeric composites." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 3 (April 28, 2017): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317707333.
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Natural plant fibers need to be spun into yarns to produce textile preforms for structural composites. The twist in the spun yarn causes fiber misalignment. This paper reports the construction of a two-ply yarn from such twisted yarn with improved fiber alignment to maximize the mechanical performance of resulting composites. This is achieved by twisting two twisted singles yarns in the opposite direction. The level of opposite-direction ply twist as a percentage of the twist in the initial singles yarn has shown a significant influence on the tensile and flexural properties of the final composites. The maximum performance is achieved when the ratio between the ply yarn twist and the singles yarn twist was approximately 0.3, which coincides with the ratio for achieving maximum Krenchel fiber orientation factor for the two-ply yarn as predicted by a geometrical model. This ply yarn twist/singles yarn twist ratio can be used as a design guideline for natural fiber yarns used as reinforcement for load-bearing composites.
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Yan, Taohai, Yajing Shi, Huimin Zhuang, Yu Lin, Dongdong Lu, Shengbin Cao, and Lvtao Zhu. "Electrospinning Mechanism of Nanofiber Yarn and Its Multiscale Wrapping Yarn." Polymers 13, no. 18 (September 20, 2021): 3189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13183189.
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To analyze the feasibility of electrospinning nanofiber yarn using a wrapping yarn forming device, electrospun nanofiber-wrapped yarns and multiscale yarns were prepared by self-made equipment. The relationship between the surface morphology and properties of yarn and its preparation process was studied. The process parameters were adjusted, and it was found that some nanofibers formed Z-twisted yarns, while others showed exposed cores. To analyze the forming mechanism of electrospun nanofiber-wrapped yarn, the concept of winding displacement difference in the twisted yarn core A was introduced. The formation of nanofiber-wrapped structural yarns was discussed using three values of A. The starting point of each twist was the same position when A = 0 with a constant corner angle β. However, the oriented nanofiber broke or was pulled out from the gripping point when it was twisted, and it appeared disordered. The forming process of electrospun nanofiber-wrapped yarn displayed some unique phenomena, including the emission of directional nanofibers during collection, fiber non-continuity, and twist angle non-uniformity. The conclusions of this research have theoretical and practical value to guide the industrial preparation of nanofiber yarns and their wrapped yarns.
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OKYAY, GAMZE, OGUZ DEMIRYUREK, MÜNEVVER ERTEK AVCI, and HILAL BILGIC. "DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HEMP-CONTAINING HYBRID YARNS FOR CLOTHING." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 57, no. 1-2 (February 28, 2023): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.19.
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"Known for its sustainable properties, the usability of hemp instead of conventional cotton hybrid yarns for clothing was investigated by spinning hybrid ring yarns using conventional cotton, viscose-hemp, and organic cotton-viscose-hemp blends for the sheath and elastane and polyester (Lycra and T400) for the core in the yarn structure. Unevenness, yarn imperfections, hairiness, tenacity, and breaking elongation properties of the spun hybrid yarns were examined comparatively by statistical analysis methods. The findings revealed that sheath fiber type, number of components in the yarn structure, and blend ratio were influential factors on yarn quality. Using hemp fiber in the yarn structure slightly decreased the yarn properties, except for tenacity, in general. This situation was more visible in hybrid yarns, which have three different fibers in the sheath. Blending viscose and hemp fibers in the yarn sheath structure provided a synergetic effect, improving the weak properties of both fibers. These yarns had nearly the same tenacity values (from 12.98 to 15.47) as conventional cotton yarns (from 15.24 to 16.8), which could be explained by the fact that hemp fiber has a higher tenacity value (45 cN/tex) than other fibers. Moreover, these yarns had the highest elongation values (from 15.88 to 10.79) due to the good elongation properties of the viscose fibers (20%), compared to other sheath fibers. As a result, when the produced yarns were evaluated in terms of sustainability and performance, viscose-hemp-blended yarns had the optimum yarn properties."
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Gorjanc, Dunja Šajn, and Neža Sukič. "Determination of Optimum Twist Equation for the Long Staple Combed Cotton Ring-Spun Yarn." Fibers 8, no. 9 (September 21, 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib8090059.
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The aim of this research was to determine the optimum twist equation for ring-spun yarns. The yarn twist can be calculated by different equations. With the research, we tried to find the appropriate equation to determine the yarn twist, which is determined by the values of yarn strength and hairiness. In the research, yarns from long staple combed cotton rovings and of different fineness (10 tex, 11.8 tex, 20 tex and 29.4 tex) were analyzed. The yarn twist was calculated using the equations of Koechlin and Laetsch. The analyzed yarns were produced in the spinning mill on the laboratory ring spinning machine Spinntester. In the second part of the investigation, yarn strength and hairiness were analyzed as a function of yarn twist. The results showed that Laetsch’s equation is suitable for determining the twist for yarns with a fineness of 10 tex, 11.8 tex, 20 tex and 29.4 tex, since, in this case, the calculated number of yarn threads is higher and thus the strength and elongation at break are also higher. The yarn hairiness is higher in analyzed samples for yarns with the twist calculated according to the Koechlin’s equation.
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Moučková, Eva, Iva Mertová, Petra Jirásková, Gabriela Krupincová, and Dana Křemenáková. "Properties Of Viscose Vortex Yarns Depending On Technological Parameters Of Spinning." Autex Research Journal 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aut-2014-0046.
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AbstractThis paper analyzes the relationship between technological parameters of spinning of 100% CV Vortex yarns of different counts and its selected geometrical parameters (a lead of helix of wrapping fibre ribbon, yarn diameter) as well as yarn properties. The number of twist of wrapping fibre layer is determined. The effect of the yarn delivery speed, hollow spindle diameter, and the main draft on the hairiness, mass irregularity, tenacity, elongation, resistance to abrasion and bending rigidity of Vortex yarn is observed. The yarn properties are compared with the properties of open-end rotor spun yarns. Slivers of the same spinning lot were used for the production of both kinds of yarn. The results showed that the delivery speed in combination with spindle diameter affects yarn diameter, hairiness and abrasion resistance. Mass irregularity and imperfections of yarn is mainly affected by the main draft of drafting unit. Technological parameters of spinning do not affect the level of bending rigidity of the Vortex yarn. Tested rotor spun yarns had a larger diameter, higher hairiness, lower tenacity and higher elongation, lower mass irregularity and number of imperfections, higher abrasion resistance and lower bending rigidity compared to tested Vortex spun yarns.
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Sarioğlu, Esin, and Osman Babaarslan. "A Study on Physical Properties of Microfilament Composite Yarns." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 11, no. 3 (September 2016): 155892501601100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501601100310.
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In the textile industry, composite yarns with multifilament cores are used to impart strength. There are various spinning systems to produce composite core-spun yarns. In this study, to determine the effects of filament fineness on yarn characteristics of composite yarns, polyester filaments with medium, fine and micro fiber linear densities were used as the core portion and cotton fiber was used as the sheath material. Yarn samples were manufactured using a modified ring spinning system with four different yarn counts and constant twist factor (ae). The effect of filament linear density on yarn tensile properties, unevenness and imperfections was determined. Yarn evenness and tensile properties were compared with 100% cotton ring spun yarn and to each other. When relative amount of core increases, it was observed that composite yarns had improved tenacity and elongation compared to 100% cotton ring spun yarn. Although filament fineness was found to have a significant effect on the CVm % properties, there was no statistical effect on imperfections other than yarn count parameter.
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ERTEK AVCI, MUNEVVER, and OĞUZ DEMIRYUREK. "DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE AND ECOLOGICAL HYBRID YARNS: HEMP FIBER IN DENIM FABRIC PRODUCTION." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 56, no. 9-10 (November 29, 2022): 1089–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2022.56.97.
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This study aims to develop and characterize more sustainable and ecological yarns as an alternative to 100% cotton in traditional denim fabric production by using hemp fiber. For this purpose, conventional ring, core-spun and dual core-spun yarns were spun from three blend proportions of organic cotton/hemp fibers as 100:0, 80:20 and 70:30 in percentages. Hemp and organic cotton were used as sheath fiber, and elastane type (Lycra and T400) – as core fiber in the yarn structures. According to the results, the sheath fiber type and blend ratio greatly influenced all yarns’ physical characteristics. Using hemp fiber in the yarn structure generally decreased the yarn properties, as expected. However, the best results by using hemp fiber in the yarn structures were achieved by using 20% hemp fiber in the sheath of the yarn structure. Further increasing this rate to 30% worsened the yarn properties considerably, regardless of the core component. When the yarns were evaluated in terms of sustainability and performance, 80/20% organic cotton/hemp blended yarns had the optimum yarn properties.
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Liu, Wei, Fujun Xu, Nianhua Zhu, and Shuang Wang. "Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Carbon Nanotube / Polydimethylsiloxane Composites Yarn." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 11, no. 4 (December 2016): 155892501601100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501601100406.
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Carbon nano tube (CNT) yarn is an axially aligned CNT assembly. It has great potential many applications. In this study, the mechanical and electrical properties of the aerogel-spun CNT yarns and CNT/Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite yarns were investigated. The CNT/PDMS yarn was fabricated by droplet infiltration of PDMS solution into the aerogel-spun CNT yarn. The mechanical properties of the CNT/PDMS yarns were significantly improved with an average strength of 837.29 MPa and modulus of 3.66 GPa, over 100% improvement compared to the original CNT yarns. The electrical conductivity of the CNT/PDMS yarn increased from 1636 S/cm to 3555 S/cm. The electromechanical properties of CNT/PDMS yarns demonstrated that such CNT yarn could be suitable for strain sensors.
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Tusief, Muhammad Qamar, Nasir Mahmood, Nabeel Amin, and Akmal Saeed. "Qualitative Analysis of Siro-spun and Two Fold Yarns Tensile Properties under the Influence of Twist Factor." Pakistan Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research Series A: Physical Sciences 60, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.phys.sci.60.1.2017.29.33.
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Siro yarns are spun from two separate roving of same type of materials. Similarly in textile arts,folding is a process used to create a strong and balance yarn by putting together two separate yarns. Hence,this research study was carried to analyse the quality of Siro-spun and two fold yarns under the influenceof twist factor with special reference to their tensile properties. The results disclosed better tensile propertiesof yarn made from Siro spinning technique as compared to two plied yarn. This indicates the supremacyof Siro-spun yarn over two fold yarn. These findings enhance the fact that Siro spinning technique producesbetter quality yarn as compared to conventional ring spinning technique.
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Merati, Ali Akbar, Fujio Konda, Masaaki Okamura, and Etsuo Marui. "Analysis of Yarn Tension in the Yarn-Forming Zone in Friction Spinning." Textile Research Journal 67, no. 9 (September 1997): 643–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051759706700903.
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We have analyzed the tension distribution along the yarn tail in the yarn-forming zone of a friction spinning machine by considering the effective parameters of the torque applied to the yarn tail. Tension is applied to the yarn tail by suction air pressure and rotation of friction rollers. The yarn tension in the yarn-forming zone is measured for various yarn counts and suction air pressures. The effects of the parameters on yarn tension are considered in a theoretical analysis based on tension distribution along the conical yarn tail. Theoretical results are compared with me experimental data. The results of this research show that yarn tension increases with increasing suction air pressure and yarn size in tex, and yam diameter decreases with increasing suction air pressure for the same yarn size. Therefore, because of the low tension experienced with fine yarns, it is difficult to properly produce such yarns through friction spinning.
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Liu, Xinjin, and Xingfeng Wang. "Research on qualities of compact spun silk yarn." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 29, no. 2 (April 18, 2017): 238–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-05-2016-0055.
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Purpose Spun silk is one of the top grade textile materials, and its products have high added value and meet the needs of the market. However, the technology level and process design of silk spinning are still much lower than cotton spinning; especially singeing is applied on spun silk yarn, and generates waste materials. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a kind of pneumatic compact spinning, four-line compact spinning (FLCS), into silk spinning and study the corresponding spun yarn qualities. Design/methodology/approach First, taking the silk spinning frame FK501 as an example, the process of modification of FLCS is presented. Then, three kinds of spun silk yarns, 80 Nm (12.5tex), 100 Nm (10tex) and 120 Nm (8.3tex), are spun on the common silk spinning frame FK501 and the spinning frame modified with FLCS. The evenness, breaking strength and hairiness of spun yarns are tested and comparatively analyzed. After the ply yarn production, three singeing procedures should be applied on the ring ply yarns, while only two singeing procedures should be applied on the compact ply yarns, which is beneficial for material saving. Findings The results show that compared with ring spun silk yarns, the comprehensive quality of compact spun silk yarns is improved, especially the harmful long hairiness (=3 mm) of yarn. Compared with the single spun silk yarn, the comprehensive qualities of the ply yarn are improved; especially, the breaking strength of the ply yarns is two times larger than the single yarn. After singeing, the hairiness of the ply yarn is decreased greatly, and the evenness is also improved, while the strength is decreased. Compared with ring spun silk yarn, the singeing times of compact spun silk yarn can be decreased, and the gas consumption in each singeing is also decreased, which is beneficial for material saving. Originality/value In this paper, a kind of pneumatic compact spinning, FLCS, is introduced into the silk spinning. It is shown that compared with ring spun silk yarns, the comprehensive quality of compact spun silk yarns is improved, especially the harmful long hairiness (=3 mm) of yarn. After the ply yarn production, three singeing procedures should be applied on the ring ply yarns, while only two singeing procedures should be applied on the compact ply yarns, which is beneficial for material saving.
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Peiffer, Julie, KyoungOk Kim, Hiroaki Yoshida, and Masayuki Takatera. "Measurement of torsional rigidity of yarns with different crimps." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 6 (December 23, 2016): 605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516685283.
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The effect of crimp on torsional rigidity of monofilament and cotton spun yarns was studied. Two kinds of polymeric monofilament yarns and four kinds of cotton spun yarns were examined. Different crimps were applied to the yarn using original crimp setting equipment. To fix the crimp, the polymeric monofilaments were treated with heat, and the cotton spun yarns were treated with steam. The test samples were then produced following two protocols: with or without the application of weight. The yarn torsional rigidities with crimp were measured using a torsional measurement device, and were compared with those without crimp. Almost no weight was applied to the cotton spun yarns to preserve the crimp during testing. The results with and without the application of weight were compared. For the monofilament yarns, the torsional rigidities of the crimped yarns had a linear relationship with the crimp ratio. For the cotton spun yarns, the torsional rigidities of the crimped yarns were smaller than those of the straight yarns. The smaller the yarn count, the smaller the yarn torsional rigidity. The effect of crimp on torsional rigidity differed according to the yarn counts. There was almost no difference in crimped yarn torsional rigidity between the straightened and non-straightened yarns after crimp setting. Therefore, there is a possibility that the change in yarn properties could have resulted from the bending of the fiber during crimp setting, and not from the shape of the crimp afterwards.
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Ma, Qin, and Xue Feng Liu. "Comparative Research of the Sizing Performance of the Compact Spun-Yarn and Ring Spun-Yarn." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 1425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.1425.
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The characteristics of the compact spun yarn were introduced, and the problems in the sizing process of compact spun yarns were analyzed. Because of the high size loading of the compact spun yarn, a large number of yarns break and the chubbiness of the fabric were affected. Aiming at the problems above, through sizing experiment and testing of the performance of the yarns, the differences between the compact spun yarn and the conventional ring spun yarn were analyzed. Comparing with the conventional ring spun yarn, the size loading rate of the compact spun yarn was reduced about 1 to 3.5 percentage points under the same equipment conditions and sizing techniques. To obtain the same strength and hairiness sticking effect, the size loading of the compact spun yarn can be 5 to 6 percentage points lower than that of the conventional ring spun yarn. Sizing materials can be saved, and the cost of the sizing process could reduced by 50%.
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Loganathan, R., M. Mallyah, and T. Ramachandran. "Influence of D - Type Slot Compact System on Migration Properties of the Carded Compact Yarn." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 4, no. 4 (December 2009): 155892500900400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892500900400403.
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The compact spinning systems are mostly used for spinning of combed yarns. However, many attempts have been made to use the compact system for spinning carded yarns. Recently SUESSEN has introduced D–Type slot compact system for producing carded compact yarn. In this research work, an attempt has been made to analyze the migration properties of D–Type slot carded compact yarn. Three different twist factors have been selected and compared with regular carded compact yarn and regular carded ring yarn. In this work, the migration parameters such as Mean Fiber Position, Root Mean Squared (RMS) Deviation, Migration Intensity and Yarn Diameter have been measured using the Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) camera attached on a projection microscope. D–Type slot carded compact yarn, regular compact and regular ring yarn structures have been critically analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope. The test results clearly indicate that the fiber migration in D–Type slot compact yarn is far better than both regular compact and regular ring yarns.
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GIZEM KARAKAN, GÜNAYDIN. "Effect of pın spacer apparatus on the propertıes of knıtted fabrıcs from cotton-tencel yarns." Industria Textila 70, no. 02 (2019): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.070.02.1607.
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Yarn quality is an important factor as it directly plays an important role in fabric properties. Among many attempts for improving yarn properties in spinning technologies, pin spacer is one of the developed apparatus which can be mounted separately on the compact spinning unit used for improving the yarn properties especially in terms of yarn evenness and hairiness. Cotton-Tencel blended compact yarns are widely preferred among the textile consumers owing to high comfort feature of Tencel fibers combined with cotton fibers’ unique properties. In this study, cotton (85%) – Tencel (15%) compact yarn samples were produced as yarn groups of combed yarn and carded yarn with utilizing and without utilizing pin-spacer apparatus at a linear density of Ne 40/1. In order to analyze the effect of pin-spacer apparatus on yarn properties, unevenness, imperfections, hairiness (H) and tensile measurements were evaluated. The greige and dyed single jersey plain knitted samples produced from those yarns were also compared in terms of dimensional changes in wale and course direction (%), pilling grades, bursting strength (kPa), air permeability values (mm/s) and the fabric surface color properties. According to test results, using pin-spacer apparatus generally improved carded and combed compact yarns’ some properties as well as some knitted fabric properties made of those yarns.
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ZUHAIB, AHMAD, ELDEEB MOAZ, IQBAL SHOAI, and MAZARI ADNAN AHMED. "Effect of yarn structure on cover factor in woven fabrics." Industria Textila 69, no. 03 (July 1, 2018): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.069.03.1416.
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This experimental work investigates the effect of yarn structure on cover factor of fabrics at different weft settings by the light transmission method. To analyze the effect, two different types of fabric set have been prepared by using airjet and rotor yarns of the same linear densities in the weft direction and keeping the warp yarn unchanged. For each fabric, weft setting has been changed gradually. Cross-sectional diameter of yarn and its packing density has been analyzed to find out the differences between both yarn structures. The effective yarn diameter and packing density have been found to be almost same for both yarns while the hairiness is found to be higher in airjet yarn as compared to rotor yarn. Yarn cross-section in the fabric has also been analyzed to examine the deformation (flatness) in yarn, which was relatively higher in airjet yarns. At the same weft setting the cover factor (CF) of fabric woven by air jet yarn is found to be higher than fabric woven by rotor jet yarn, and this difference decreases as the weft setting increases in fabric. Correlation analysis results show the relation between the cover factor and weft setting. While analysis of variance results show statistically significant effect of spinning system (airjet and rotor yarn) and weft setting on the cover factor of woven fabric.
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Yildirim, Kenan, Asuman Kanber, Mehmet Karahan, and Nevin Karahan. "The solar properties of fabrics produced using different weft yarns." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 13 (May 30, 2017): 1543–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517712095.
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Woven fabric is composed of two yarns system, known as the weft and warp yarns. Each yarn system has an effect on the physical, performance, and optical properties of fabric. Any change in one or both yarn systems greatly alters the fabric properties. The solar and luminous properties of fabrics are also affected by altering the weft yarn or both yarn systems. This study investigates the effect of altering the weft yarn system on the solar and luminous properties of fabrics. The differences in the weft yarn in the fabrics were based on the weft yarn structure, including the yarn linear density, amount of twist on the yarn, yarn evenness, hairiness, spinning method, fiber composition of the yarn, and weft density of the fabric. The fabric luminous and solar properties were measured according to EN 14500 using an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared (UV/VIS/NIR) test device and calculated from the EN 410 standard test method. According to a variance analysis, the weft density factor is shown to have an effect on the solar properties of the fabric, especially the UV transmittance properties of the fabric. Although non-parametric test results with a 95% confidence level show that the yarn structure does not influence the solar characteristics of the fabric, we show from the test results that the yarn structure influences the solar properties of the fabric. Yarn hairiness was the dominant factor for the IR and visible portions of the solar radiation spectra. In the UV region, the fiber composition factor was found to be important. The effect of the yarn linear density was similar to the effect of the weft density factor. The solar transmittance decreases and the reflectance increases when the number of weft yarns per unit length is increased and the yarn linear density in the Ne numbered system is decreased. Increasing the yarn hairiness decreases the transmittance in the IR portion of the solar spectra. The degree of influence that the yarn structure has on the solar properties (with the exception of the UV portion) of the fabric was dominated by the number of weft yarns per unit length. The transmittance properties of the fabric were more affected by altering the yarn structure than the reflectance and absorbance properties.
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Singh, Mukesh Kumar, and Akansha Nigam. "Effect of Various Ring Yarns on Fabric Comfort." Journal of Industrial Engineering 2013 (September 18, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/206240.
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Comfort performance of woven structures made of various types of ring spun yarns like carded, combed, and compact spun yarns has been reported in the present study. Carded, combed, and compact spun yarns are entirely different in structure in terms of fibre migration inside the yarn body, level of free space inside the yarn, number of hairs, and length of hairs on yarn surfaces. In this study, 197 dtex and 144 dtex (30s Ne and 40s Ne) ring spun combed yarns are used as a warp. The same cotton mixing was used to manufacture 30s Ne and 40s Ne carded, combed, and compact yarns. Both 30s and 40s Ne linear density yarns were prepared by all three carded, combed, and compact yarn manufacturing routes. The structure of fibre strand in filling yarn has a great impact on comfort related properties, that is, thermal conductivity, , air permeability, wicking, and moisture vapour permeability.
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Wang, Lijuan, Kejing Yu, Diantang Zhang, and Kun Qian. "The cut resistant characteristics of organic high-performance yarns and STF/yarns." Journal of Industrial Textiles 49, no. 10 (November 20, 2018): 1317–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083718811091.
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This paper mainly investigated the cut resistant property of shear thickening fluid enhanced organic high-performance yarn. Cut tests of neat yarn and shear thickening fluids/yarn were performed with two cutting angles. External forces involved in the cutting were analyzed. A simple theoretical relation was established based on the principle of the energy conversion. Two types of shear thickening fluids were prepared. Compared to neat yarn, the shear thickening fluids/yarn exhibited extremely high cut resistant property, especially, shear thickening fluids/yarn with graphene, indicating a synergistic effect. Fracture surfaces of fibers after yarns cut off were initially studied, which verified the cut resistant characteristics of organic high-performance yarns and shear thickening fluids/yarn.
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Ewa Grabowska, Katarzyna, and Izabela Ciesielska-Wróbel. "Basic Comparison of the Properties of the Loop and Frotte Yarns, Woven and Knitted Fabrics." Autex Research Journal 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aut-2014-0009.
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Abstract Both loop fancy yarns and frotte fancy yarns belong to the group of yarns with continuous effects. The difference between frotte and loop yarn relies on the fact that the loop yarn is constructed with two core yarns and the frotte yarn is constructed with only one core yarn. The differences are evident in the shape of these two types of fancy yarns. These shape differences are the functions of the tensions of component yarns during the twisting process. The shape and construction of the fancy yarn influence its properties. The properties of loop and frotte fancy yarns, woven and knitted fabrics are compared in this article in order to find out the optimal yarn’s and fabric’s production condition to satisfy the final user and maintain low production costs. In terms of economy aspects only, the frotte fancy yarns are believed to be cheaper in production due to lower quantity of components utilize for their production to compare with loop fancy yarns, under conditions of the same settings of ring twisting frame.
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Walle, Gashaw Ashagre, Desalegn Atalie, Ermiyas Tarekegn, Addisu Wudneh, and Addisu Desalegn. "Prediction of Mechanical, Evenness and Imperfection Properties of 100% Cotton Ring Spun Yarns with Different Twist Levels." Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2201.02.
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The purpose of this research work is to develop a model to predict the effect of twist on mechanical, evenness and imperfection properties of 100% cotton ring spun yarns. Eight yarns were manufactured from 30Tex with four yarn twist increments (700, 740, 780 and 820TPM), and 15Tex with twist levels of 900, 1020, 1080 and 1140TPM (turns/meter). Except yarn count and twist level, the yarns were made from the same fiber properties and machine settings. Yarn mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation and abrasion resistance, evenness (CVm) and imperfection characteristics like hairiness, neps, thin and thick places were measured and statistically analyzed. Equations were developed to predict the desired mechanical, evenness, and imperfection properties of yarns based on yarn count and twist levels. Statistical analysis showed that yarn properties are significantly influenced by count and twist level changes. The tensile strength, elongation, abrasion resistance, CVm, hairiness and thick places of the studied yarns were significant at P-values of 0.000, 0.003, 0.000, 0.004, 0.000 and 0.015 respectively. Generally, as yarn twist increases, breaking strength and abrasion resistance increase, whereas elongation, hairiness, coefficient of mass variation (CVm), thin and thick places, and nep of yarn decrease. Therefore, the formulated multiple regression equations would be useful in predicting yarn properties based on its count and twist.
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Rogina-Car, Beti, Zenun Skenderi, and Zlatko Vrljičak. "Thermal resistance of viscose socks." Koža & obuća 68, no. 3 (2019): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.34187/ko.68.3.6.
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Men's viscose socks size 42 were designed and manufactured on an automatic sock knitting machine with a cylinder diameter of 95 mm (3 ¾ inches) which knits with 108 needles. Socks were manufactured of 20 tex viscose yarn, 156 and 220 dtex filament PA 6.6 yarn and 25 tex cotton yarn in multiple plated single jersey structure. The sock cuff contained an interlaced elastane yarn. Sock weight and sock thickness were determined, the height of the sock leg, the length of the sock foot and half of the leg circumference and half of the foot circumference were measured. Thermo physiological sock properties were determined by measuring thermal resistance on a thermal foot manikin. The sock structure under the same knitting conditions depends on the number of yarns, yarn type, the type of raw material (viscose, cotton, PA) and yarn count. Finer yarns provide higher stretchability in the part of the sock leg in the wale direction. The viscose socks with an added coarser cotton yarn and a coarser PA 6.6 yarn had the highest thermal resistance, while the viscose yarns with only an added PA 6.6 yarn had the lowest thermal resistance.
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Huang, Shuting, Lina Sun, Mengjuan He, Jingli Tang, and Liqian Huang. "Preparation and properties of polyimide air-jet textured yarns and their woven fabrics." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 13-14 (December 15, 2019): 1507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519894391.
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Two kinds of air-textured polyimide yarns with different overfeed ratios (0.5/2 and 8/8) were prepared by air-jet texturing technique, and three kinds of woven fabrics with similar tightness and thickness were produced with the same warp yarn but different weft yarns (polyimide flat yarn and the two air-jet textured polyimide yarns, respectively). The influence of air-jet textured yarn on the wearing properties of the fabrics was explored. The results show that, compared with the fabric containing polyimide flat yarn, the fabrics woven with polyimide air-jet textured yarns possess lower mechanical properties but have better air permeability, moisture permeability, heat resistance and luster. In addition, the smaller contact angle and larger wicking height of polyimide air-jet textured yarn fabrics indicate that the hydrophilicity of polyimide fabrics was improved. The effect of air-jet textured yarn on the hydrophilicity of polyimide fabrics was explained by Wenzel rough model and fabric surface roughness characteristics.
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Rogina-Car, Beti, Zenun Skenderi, and Zlatko Vrljičak. "Thermophysiological wear comfort of viscose and tencel socks." Koža & obuća 68, no. 4 (2020): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.34187/ko.68.4.3.
Full textAbstract:
Men’s socks were designed and manufactured in multiple plated single jersey structure using 20 tex viscose and Tencel yarn, 156 and 220 dtex multifilament PA 6.6 yarn and 25 tex cotton yarn. Sock mass and sock thickness were determined, the height of the sock leg, the length of the sock foot and half of the leg circumference and half of the foot circumference were measured. Thermophysiological sock wear comfort was determined by measuring thermal resistance on the thermal foot manikin. The results revealed that the sock samples containing the ring spun yarn in the structure had higher thermal resistance than the socks containing rotor and air-jet spun yarns. The obtained difference of thermal resistance of the sock samples per type of the basic yarn was significant. The viscose socks made of ring spun yarns with an added coarser cotton yarn and PA 6.6 yarn had the highest thermal resistance, while the lowest thermal resistance was recorded for the Tencel rotor spun yarns
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Liu, Shuang Shuang, Wei Tian, and Cheng Yan Zhu. "Mechanical Property for the Combining Yarn of BF/GF and Polypropylene." Advanced Materials Research 910 (March 2014): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.910.127.
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In order to study the mechanical property for the combining yarn of BF/GF and polypropylene, 8 groups of combining yarn were designed and prepared. Through testing the mechanical property of the yarns, the affection of some parameters on the property of the yarns was analyzed. And following conclusions can be gotten. For BF/polypropylene combining yarn, when the fiber content of basalt is about 50.7%, the mechanical property of the yarn is the best. When the fiber content of basalt is about 43.7%, the mechanical property of the yarn is the worst. For GF/polypropylene combining yarn, the optimal and worst ratio is 55.42% and 44.4%, respectively.
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Shi, Jing Jing, and En Long Yang. "A Theoretical Approach to Twist Design of Chenille Yarn." Advanced Materials Research 580 (October 2012): 493–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.580.493.
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This study examines the twist design of chenille yarns from theoretical consideration. Four kind of chenille yarns were selected for practice validation. The results indicate that there was little deviation between the twist under theoretical approach and the actual tested values; linear density of centre yarn and pile yarn, pile yarn density have significant effects on the twist design of chenille yarns.
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Huang, Yan, Jia Ye Zhong, Jia Chen, Li Li Yang, Xian Chen, and Hong Lei Yi. "Study on the Novel Spinning Technology of Broken Silk Fancy Yarn." Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (December 2012): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.415.
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Broken silk thread is one of the numerous fancy yarns, and has been used in development of yarn-dyed textiles. However, the processing technology of traditional broken silk thread is very complex, and has restricted its wide application in the development of new textile products. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to develop a novel spinning technology of broken silk fancy yarn. Some examples of broken silk thread, which spun silk or cotton yarn is used as core yarn and binding yarn, polyester filament is as used as effect yarn, are spun on the ring fancy yarn twisting machine, and physical properties of these fancy yarns are tested and analyzed. The better technical program about choice of fiber material on the fancy component yarn and technological processes is put forward, and some tips on the operation are also given.
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Hyun, Ah Kim, and Jin Kim Seung. "Physical Properties and Wear Comfort of Bio-Fiber-Embedded Yarns and their Knitted Fabrics According to Yarn Structures." Autex Research Journal 19, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2018-0038.
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Abstract This study examined the physical properties of polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT)/Tencel/cotton air vortex yarns and the wear comfort of their knitted fabrics for high emotional garments. In fine yarn count, the initial modulus of the air vortex yarn was similar to the ring yarn because of the elastic property of the PTT fibers in the yarns. In particular, the thermal shrinkage of the air vortex yarns was higher than that of the ring yarns because of the sensible thermal shrinkage of the PTT fibers, which resulted in higher relaxation shrinkage of the air vortex knitted fabric than those of ring and compact knitted fabrics. On the basis of the wear comfort, the air vortex yarns are compatible with winter textile goods. The pilling of the air vortex knitted fabric was superior to that of the ring and compact yarns. The tactile hand of the air vortex yarn knitted fabrics was stiffer than that of the ring and compact yarn knitted fabrics. However, the harsh tactile hand of the air vortex knitted fabric was estimated to improve in the thinner fabrics by the low elastic modulus of fine yarn because of the PTT fibers in the air vortex yarns.
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Shuang, Huang, and Xu Yang. "Vibration characteristics of yarn in the tufted carpet machine." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 17 (December 4, 2018): 3567–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518817013.
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To control the yarn vibration in a reasonable range and to improve the quality of tufted carpet, it is very important to understand the vibration characteristics of yarn correctly. The transverse vibration equation of yarn is established using Newton’s second law in different paths, and then the yarn vibration characteristic curves in different regions are obtained. Firstly, the yarn path is divided and the optimal constitutive model of tufted carpet yarn is determined. Secondly, the transverse vibration is built by analyzing the force of yarn means. Then, the partial differential equation of yarn vibration is simplified as an ordinary differential equation by the Galerkin truncation method. The equation is solved numerically by using the Runge–Kutta method, obtaining the yarn amplitude in different regions. The vibration characteristics of the yarns after the jacquard parts are emphatically analyzed, and the effects of the speed, tension and damping coefficient on the vibration characteristics of yarns are also discussed. Finally, the results are verified by experiments.
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Akgun, Mine. "Effect of Yarn Filament Fineness on the Surface Roughness of Polyester Woven Fabrics." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 10, no. 2 (June 2015): 155892501501000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501501000214.
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The effect of weft yarn filament fineness on the surface roughness of fabrics woven from polyester yarns through different fabric constructional properties was investigated. Warp yarn type and count and warp density were the same but weft yarn count, weft yarn filament fineness/numbers, and weft density were different for the fabrics in the experimental sub-groups. An objective assessment for surface roughness measurement of woven fabrics by using a stylus profilometer was made. Experimental results show that yarn filament fineness affected fabric porosity and fabric surface roughness. Fabrics with finer filaments could have a compact structure due to small porosity values between the filaments inside the yarns and between yarns themselves in fabrics. Closeness of yarns in fabric structure decreased differences between high and low peaks on fabric surface, and as a result fabric surface roughness decreased.
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Hua, Tao, Ngo S. Wong, and Wai M. Tang. "Study on properties of elastic core-spun yarns containing a mix of spandex and PET/PTT bi-component filament as core." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 9 (March 14, 2017): 1065–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517693982.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a development of elastic core-spun yarn containing a mix of spandex and polyethylene terephthalate/polytrimethylene terephthalate (PET/PTT) bi-component filament as core to obtain better yarn properties, especially for elastic property. Eight types of core-spun yarns, consisting of different core components with various values of linear density and covered with cotton fibers, were produced using a modified ring-spinning machine with a core spinning attachment. The influences of core components, linear density, and draw ratio of spandex on yarn structure and properties were investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that core-spun yarns containing a mix of spandex and PET/PTT bi-component filament have much lower yarn stress decay as well as lower hairiness and CVm value of evenness compared to the yarns using only spandex. For the yarns containing a mix of spandex and PET/PTT bi-component filament, the yarns containing 70 denier spandex have higher elongation and stress decay compared to the yarns containing 40 denier spandex. The test results show that the elongation of yarns containing a mix of spandex and PET/PTT bi-component filament increases with the increase of the draw ratio of spandex. The stress decay of yarns containing a mix of 70 denier spandex and PET/PTT filament shows a similar trend to the elongation. Moreover, the yarn samples containing a mix of spandex and PET/PTT filament as core exhibit good yarn evenness, with very few thick places and neps, as well as low yarn hairiness.
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Shao, Ruiqi, Longdi Cheng, Yanping Yu, Jianxin Xu, and Jianming Wu. "Research on the mechanism of the modified ring-spinning system using a dynamic twist-resistant device and its yarn quality." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 15 (October 31, 2018): 3169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518807452.
Full textAbstract:
The spinning triangle is a critical area in the ring-spinning process; the geometry of the spinning triangle influences the distribution of the fiber tension, and affects the qualities of the spun yarn. In this paper, a kind of dynamic twist-resistant device that can affect the geometry of the spinning triangle is employed for improving the conventional ring-spinning system. The yarn twists between the front roller nip and dynamic twist-resistant device were captured in the spinning process using a high-speed camera. Comparing yarn twists of the two types of yarn, the modified yarns have a lower twist angle, indicating that the device can produce resistant torque. Particle Flow Code software was used to simulate the acts of the device on the yarn, and the results verified the existence of resistant torque. The resistant torque on the yarn affects the geometry of the spinning triangle and the distribution of fiber tension. In addition, 19.4 and 14.5 tex cotton yarns with three different twists, 700, 800 and 900 tpm, were produced by the modified and conventional ring spinning. The comparative study revealed that the modified yarns have a better performance in terms of yarn strength and hairiness, and show no significant difference in terms of the yarn evenness when compared with the conventional yarns at the same twist level. The mechanism of the effect of the dynamic twist-resistant device on yarn qualities is discussed by analyzing the distribution of fiber tension.
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Lin, Jian Ping. "Analysis of Mechanism and Main Factors of Honeycomb Weave Honeycomb Effect." Advanced Materials Research 739 (August 2013): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.739.183.
Full textAbstract:
Weave density , yarn size , texture cycle , and so on how to affect honeycomb weaves property and principle are analyzed , with weaving honeycomb textile based on Love structure model of non-plain weave fabric , different density , different organization cycle , different yarn count and different tension . Analysis results is that main factor of affecting honeycomb weaves property is weave cycle yarn numbers .When weave cycle yarn numbers become more big , honeycomb weaves effect is more obvious . Otherwise , under some degree , weave density and yarn size cause to honeycomb weaves effect is not obvious .With experiment and analysis , main reason which is to cause to produce honeycomb weaves is that different yarns of weaves are interlaced according to yarns numbers can cause to different yarns structure to change .
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Möhl, Claudia, Timo Weimer, Metin Caliskan, Tom Hager, Stephan Baz, Hans-Jürgen Bauder, Thomas Stegmaier, Werner Wunderlich, and Götz T. Gresser. "Flax Fibre Yarn Coated with Lignin from Renewable Sources for Composites." Polymers 14, no. 19 (September 27, 2022): 4060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14194060.
Full textAbstract:
The present experimental work analyses the potential of lignin as a matrix for materials made from renewable resources for composite components and the production of hybrid semi-finished products by coating a flax fibre yarn. Natural fibres, due to their low density, in combination with lignin can be a new renewable source for lightweight products. For this purpose, the extrusion process was adapted to lignin as a matrix material for bio-based composites and coating of natural fibre yarns. A commercial flax yarn is the basis for the lignin coating by extrusion. Subsequently, the coated flax yarn was characterised with regard to selected yarn properties. In order to produce composite plates, the lignin-coated flax yarn was used as warp yarn in a bidirectional fabric due to its insufficient flexibility transversely to the yarn axis. The commercial flax yarn was used as weft yarn to increase the fibre volume content. The tensile and flexural properties of the bio-based composite material were determined. There was a significant difference in the mechanical properties between the warp and weft directions. The results show that lignin can be used as matrix material for bio-based natural fibre composites and the coating of natural fibre yarns is an alternative to spun hybrid yarns.